Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pearson, Local service board [Designated place], Ontario and Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Pearson, LSB Ontario [Designated place]			Hants, CTY Nova Scotia [Census division]
	Data quality , Pearson, Local service board [Designated place], Ontario Map : Pearson, Local service board [Designated place], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	347	...	...	42,558	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	329	...	...	42,304	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.5	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	149	...	...	19,202	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	136	...	...	17,439	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.4	...	...	13.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	143.50	...	...	3,051.93	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	345	190	155	42,555	20,875	21,685
0 to 14 years	65	30	30	7,160	3,705	3,455
0 to 4 years	20	10	10	2,240	1,170	1,070
5 to 9 years	15	10	5	2,470	1,315	1,160
10 to 14 years	30	15	15	2,450	1,220	1,230
15 to 64 years	230	120	110	27,860	13,645	14,215
15 to 19 years	15	15	5	2,555	1,340	1,215
20 to 24 years	10	5	10	2,015	1,025	990
25 to 29 years	15	5	10	2,045	1,015	1,030
30 to 34 years	20	10	10	2,210	1,055	1,155
35 to 39 years	15	10	5	2,555	1,190	1,360
40 to 44 years	15	5	10	2,870	1,355	1,520
45 to 49 years	20	10	10	3,150	1,525	1,620
50 to 54 years	35	20	20	3,640	1,805	1,835
55 to 59 years	45	25	20	3,555	1,720	1,840
60 to 64 years	35	20	15	3,265	1,620	1,650
65 years and over	55	35	15	7,535	3,525	4,015
65 to 69 years	25	20	5	2,745	1,370	1,375
70 to 74 years	10	5	5	1,850	905	945
75 to 79 years	10	5	0	1,320	630	685
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	845	355	490
85 years and over	5	0	5	775	260	515
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	495	185	310
90 to 94 years	0	0	5	210	55	150
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	55	15	45
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.8	15.8	19.4	16.8	17.7	15.9
15 to 64 years	66.7	63.2	71.0	65.5	65.4	65.6
65 years and over	15.9	18.4	9.7	17.7	16.9	18.5
85 years and over	1.4	0.0	3.2	1.8	1.2	2.4
Average age of the population	42.9	43.7	41.9	42.3	41.4	43.1
Median age of the population	48.5	50.2	45.8	44.8	44.1	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	135	...	...	17,440	...	...
Single-detached house	130	...	...	14,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	2,260	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	510	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	190	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	1,280	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	40	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	135	...	...	17,440	...	...
1 person	25	...	...	4,215	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	6,965	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	2,795	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	2,390	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	1,080	...	...
Number of persons in private households	350	...	...	42,055	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	280	155	130	35,400	17,170	18,230
Married or living common law	195	100	95	22,330	11,135	11,195
Married	150	75	75	17,925	8,940	8,985
Living common law	40	20	20	4,400	2,195	2,210
Not married and not living common law	90	60	30	13,070	6,035	7,035
Never married	50	35	20	7,885	4,235	3,650
Separated	0	0	0	1,025	460	565
Divorced	20	15	5	1,995	865	1,130
Widowed	10	5	10	2,165	475	1,690
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	110	...	...	13,130	...	...
2 persons	65	...	...	7,405	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	2,740	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	2,210	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	775	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	105	...	...	13,130	...	...
Total couple families	100	...	...	11,055	...	...
Married couples	75	...	...	8,855	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	2,205	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	10	...	...	2,075	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	1,655	...	...
Male parent	0	...	...	420	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	11,055	...	...
Couples without children	55	...	...	6,115	...	...
Couples with children	40	...	...	4,945	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	2,175	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	2,040	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	730	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	2,075	...	...
1 child	10	...	...	1,290	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	565	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	50	40	10	5,945	2,820	3,125
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	135	...	...	17,440	...	...
One-census-family households	105	...	...	12,460	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	50	...	...	5,840	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	50	...	...	6,615	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	330	...	...
Non-census-family households	30	...	...	4,645	...	...
One-person households	25	...	...	4,210	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	435	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	345	190	155	42,230	20,755	21,480
English only	335	185	150	39,665	19,680	19,990
French only	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and French	15	10	5	2,480	1,040	1,445
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	75	35	45
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	350	190	155	42,230	20,755	21,475
English	345	185	155	41,660	20,465	21,190
French	0	5	0	480	240	240
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	70	30	40
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5	0	0	490	245	245
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	0.0	0.0	1.2	1.2	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	345	190	155	42,230	20,755	21,480
Single responses	340	185	155	42,060	20,670	21,390
Official languages	325	175	150	41,080	20,210	20,865
English	320	170	150	40,550	19,950	20,605
French	5	5	0	530	265	265
Non-official languages	20	15	10	980	460	520
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	65	30	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	65	25	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	60	25	40
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	65	25	40
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	915	430	480
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	85	45	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	75	40	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	5	670	330	345
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	520	250	270
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	95	50	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	5
German	5	5	5	410	200	215
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	90	45	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	20	15	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	15	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	5	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	10	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Finnish	10	5	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	5	0	170	85	90
English and French	5	5	5	80	35	45
English and non-official language	0	5	0	80	45	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	345	190	155	42,230	20,750	21,475
Single responses	345	190	155	42,055	20,665	21,390
Official languages	340	185	155	41,540	20,415	21,120
English	340	185	155	41,425	20,365	21,050
French	0	0	0	115	45	65
Non-official languages	0	0	5	520	250	265
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	500	235	265
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	35	10	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	385	190	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	5	0	330	160	170
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	5	0	300	145	150
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	0	180	85	90
English and French	0	0	0	40	15	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	130	65	65
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	345	190	160	42,230	20,750	21,480
None	335	180	155	41,290	20,335	20,955
English	5	0	0	200	95	105
French	5	5	0	375	150	220
Non-official language	5	5	0	355	160	195
Aboriginal	0	0	0	80	35	45
Non-Aboriginal	5	0	5	275	125	150
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	285	155	125	34,915	16,970	17,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	275	155	125	33,285	16,215	17,070
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,664	41,984	25,216	32,670	41,643	25,757
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	275	150	120	33,290	16,215	17,080
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,016	36,608	23,424	29,327	36,032	23,783
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	240	135	105	28,985	14,670	14,320
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,621	42,944	21,056	31,177	39,946	24,024
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	205	105	100	24,150	10,395	13,755
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,176	8,437	6,608	7,214	8,359	6,482
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	195	110	90	23,965	12,420	11,545
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,920	41,856	23,232	32,473	40,715	25,927
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	285	155	125	34,910	16,975	17,940
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	280	155	125	33,230	16,185	17,045
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,600	45,186	28,110	40,293	48,795	32,221
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	285	155	125	33,240	16,185	17,060
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,615	38,253	25,564	33,416	39,532	27,615
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	245	125	115	28,875	14,600	14,280
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,874	48,243	22,689	39,303	47,742	30,676
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	205	100	105	24,210	10,400	13,810
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,782	9,852	7,785	8,428	8,921	8,057
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	210	115	100	23,965	12,500	11,460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,944	46,771	26,109	39,131	46,750	30,821
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	285	155	125	34,910	16,975	17,935
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	100	70	30	12,035	6,690	5,350
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,971	60,233	0	47,952	56,490	40,655
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,253	57,712	0	54,534	62,240	44,899
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.2	84.6	82.7	84.6	88.0	79.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.1	68.1	71.6	70.2	73.4	65.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.9	14.5	20.2	15.4	12.0	20.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	285	155	130	34,910	16,975	17,935
Without total income	5	5	5	1,630	760	875
With total income	280	155	125	33,280	16,215	17,065
Percentage with total income	98.2	100.0	96.2	95.3	95.5	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	4,710	1,790	2,920
$10,000 to $19,999	55	20	30	5,715	1,960	3,755
$20,000 to $29,999	35	20	20	5,005	2,010	2,995
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	4,390	2,000	2,390
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	15	3,810	1,950	1,855
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	10	2,830	1,705	1,120
$60,000 to $69,999	20	20	5	2,020	1,370	650
$70,000 to $79,999	15	15	0	1,490	980	510
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	0	1,190	795	395
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	650	475	180
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	1,475	1,170	305
$100,000 to $149,999	10	10	5	1,130	895	240
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	345	280	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	285	155	125	34,910	16,975	17,940
Without after-tax income	5	0	5	1,620	760	860
With after-tax income	280	155	125	33,290	16,215	17,080
Percentage with after-tax income	98.2	100.0	100.0	95.4	95.5	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	25	20	4,890	1,825	3,070
$10,000 to $19,999	55	20	35	6,105	2,120	3,985
$20,000 to $29,999	40	15	25	6,040	2,520	3,530
$30,000 to $39,999	35	20	15	5,605	2,760	2,840
$40,000 to $49,999	40	20	20	4,085	2,410	1,675
$50,000 to $59,999	15	15	5	2,720	1,835	890
$60,000 to $69,999	20	15	0	1,720	1,120	600
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	960	715	245
$80,000 and over	10	10	5	1,170	915	255
$80,000 to $89,999	10	0	5	445	345	100
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	250	195	55
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	470	375	95
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	280	160	125	34,915	16,975	17,935
Without employment income	85	45	40	10,950	4,560	6,390
With employment income	195	110	90	23,960	12,415	11,545
Percentage with employment income	69.6	68.8	72.0	68.6	73.1	64.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	25	20	10	3,260	1,570	1,690
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	10	1,845	740	1,105
$10,000 to $19,999	30	10	15	3,210	1,290	1,920
$20,000 to $29,999	20	5	10	2,965	1,225	1,735
$30,000 to $39,999	15	10	5	2,885	1,295	1,595
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	10	2,510	1,300	1,205
$50,000 to $59,999	20	10	10	2,025	1,255	775
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	5	1,465	1,000	465
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	1,205	790	420
$80,000 and over	20	10	10	2,585	1,955	635
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	980	655	325
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	500	385	115
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	1,110	915	195
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	135	...	...	17,440	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,328	...	...	65,028	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,440	...	...	56,174	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	30	...	...	4,210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,784	...	...	29,868	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,080	...	...	27,068	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	110	...	...	13,225	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,528	...	...	78,867	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,752	...	...	67,265	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	145	...	...	17,435	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,913	...	...	76,779	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,115	...	...	63,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	4,215	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,571	...	...	38,850	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,280	...	...	32,654	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	100	...	...	13,225	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,829	...	...	88,873	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,040	...	...	73,599	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	135	...	...	17,440	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	260	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	425	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	785	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	815	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	690	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	850	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	825	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	800	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	795	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	1,510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	1,355	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	1,295	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	1,145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	1,010	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	4,605	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	1,970	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	1,210	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	965	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	135	...	...	17,440	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	270	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	280	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	430	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	825	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	910	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	840	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	1,000	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	1,040	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	965	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	1,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	1,810	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	1,660	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	1,490	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	1,195	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	975	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	2,735	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	1,570	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	640	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	525	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	105	...	...	12,910	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,656	...	...	78,528	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,984	...	...	66,938	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	5,690	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,704	...	...	71,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,896	...	...	61,461	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.1	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	5,040	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,064	...	...	101,073	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,632	...	...	85,008	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.4	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	1,875	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	45,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	42,064	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	95	...	...	12,890	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,829	...	...	88,517	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,040	...	...	73,272	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	5,695	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,939	...	...	80,963	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,582	...	...	66,580	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	5,030	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,294	...	...	110,182	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,060	...	...	90,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	1,880	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	54,065	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	47,535	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	35	30	5	5,205	2,540	2,665
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	21,824	22,784	0	29,403	34,745	25,502
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	21,184	21,824	0	26,555	30,101	24,064
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	45	35	0	5,210	2,590	2,625
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,571	33,478	0	37,934	41,308	34,609
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,280	29,238	0	31,885	33,771	30,026
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	345	190	155	42,055	20,660	21,385
In the bottom half of the distribution	180	100	75	24,165	11,505	12,660
In the bottom decile	25	20	10	4,285	1,935	2,350
In the second decile	40	25	10	5,050	2,250	2,800
In the third decile	40	20	15	4,890	2,350	2,545
In the fourth decile	35	20	15	4,980	2,465	2,520
In the fifth decile	40	20	25	4,960	2,500	2,455
In the top half of the distribution	165	85	80	17,890	9,165	8,725
In the sixth decile	20	10	15	4,860	2,485	2,370
In the seventh decile	35	20	15	4,605	2,350	2,255
In the eighth decile	45	25	25	3,915	2,045	1,880
In the ninth decile	45	25	20	2,905	1,485	1,420
In the top decile	15	10	10	1,605	810	795
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	345	190	155	40,960	20,170	20,795
0 to 17 years	75	45	30	8,285	4,300	3,985
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	2,595	1,355	1,245
18 to 64 years	220	110	105	25,515	12,470	13,050
65 years and over	55	35	20	7,155	3,395	3,765
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	45	35	15	6,345	2,840	3,510
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	1,720	870	845
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	610	300	305
18 to 64 years	30	20	10	3,305	1,465	1,840
65 years and over	5	5	5	1,325	500	825
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	18.4	9.7	15.5	14.1	16.9
0 to 17 years (%)	13.3	11.1	16.7	20.8	20.2	21.2
0 to 5 years (%)	25.0	50.0	50.0	23.5	22.1	24.5
18 to 64 years (%)	13.6	18.2	9.5	13.0	11.7	14.1
65 years and over (%)	9.1	14.3	25.0	18.5	14.7	21.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	15	10	2,150	995	1,155
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	585	280	305
0 to 5 years	0	5	0	210	90	120
18 to 64 years	10	10	5	1,475	680	795
65 years and over	0	0	0	90	30	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	7.9	6.5	5.2	4.9	5.6
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	11.1	0.0	7.1	6.5	7.7
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	50.0	0.0	8.1	6.6	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.5	9.1	4.8	5.8	5.5	6.1
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.3	0.9	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	345	185	160	42,050	20,665	21,385
Official languages	345	185	165	41,955	20,605	21,350
English	345	185	160	41,955	20,600	21,350
French	10	0	0	2,455	995	1,465
Non-official languages	20	15	0	1,500	720	785
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	195	100	90
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	185	95	90
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	95	95
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	185	95	95
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	15	10	1,315	615	695
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	50	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	105	50	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	100	45	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	1,015	480	535
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	65	35	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	35	25	15
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	695	305	390
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	120	55	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	555	245	310
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	30	45
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	260	130	130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	70	40	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	25	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	10	180	80	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	15	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	40	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	20	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	345	185	165	42,055	20,660	21,385
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	340	185	155	41,410	20,335	21,075
Canadian citizens aged under 18	80	40	35	8,665	4,460	4,205
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	260	145	120	32,745	15,870	16,875
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	10	645	330	310
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	345	185	160	42,050	20,665	21,385
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	330	180	150	40,445	19,870	20,575
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15	0	0	1,470	730	745
Before 1981	10	0	0	675	345	335
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	190	60	130
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	215	80	135
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	250	145	105
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	85	40	45
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	160	100	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	140	100	45
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	140	70	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	10	0	0	1,470	725	740
Under 5 years	0	0	0	310	165	145
5 to 14 years	0	10	0	260	110	150
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	350	155	200
25 to 44 years	10	0	0	440	235	195
45 years and over	0	0	0	110	55	55
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	10	1,470	725	745
Americas	10	0	0	450	210	240
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	10	0	10	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	255	140	120
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	165	55	105
Europe	0	10	0	845	445	400
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	40	25	20
Germany	0	0	0	50	15	35
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italy	0	0	0	20	15	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	100	60	35
Poland	0	0	0	30	10	15
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	515	280	230
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	65	20	45
Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	140	45	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	10	30
Lebanon	0	0	0	30	20	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	10	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	145	95	50
Americas	10	0	10	50	35	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	10
Europe	0	0	0	75	50	25
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	70	50	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	345	185	160	42,050	20,660	21,385
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	20	0	10	1,805	895	910
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	30	25	10	2,610	1,310	1,300
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	295	150	145	37,640	18,465	19,175
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	0	0	810	380	430
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	400	185	220
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	140	95	45
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	265	90	175
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	0	10	365	180	185
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	345	185	160	42,055	20,665	21,390
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	20	15	10	2,545	1,150	1,395
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	20	10	10	2,430	1,095	1,335
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	0	1,795	825	965
Métis	10	0	10	610	265	345
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	325	170	155	39,505	19,510	19,990
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	345	185	160	42,050	20,665	21,390
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	20	10	0	1,535	700	835
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	325	170	155	40,510	19,965	20,550
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	340	185	160	42,050	20,665	21,390
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	1,135	510	620
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	1,120	505	615
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,040	480	560
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	60	15	40
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	35	20	10	2,330	1,015	1,315
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	35	25	10	2,225	975	1,245
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	1,650	735	920
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	10	515	235	280
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	60	10	45
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	110	35	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	80	30	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	310	160	150	38,585	19,140	19,445
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	345	180	160	42,050	20,665	21,385
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10	0	10	1,070	545	525
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Chinese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Black	0	0	0	675	360	310
Filipino	0	0	0	60	20	35
Latin American	10	0	10	50	30	25
Arab	0	0	0	85	35	50
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	20	0	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	15	35
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	335	185	155	40,985	20,125	20,860
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	345	185	160	42,050	20,665	21,385
North American Aboriginal origins	35	20	10	3,465	1,530	1,940
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	2,810	1,255	1,555
Inuit	0	0	0	110	25	80
Métis	25	15	10	670	295	380
Other North American origins	130	80	45	22,020	10,790	11,230
Acadian	0	0	0	645	320	325
American	0	0	0	385	210	180
Canadian	130	75	50	21,295	10,440	10,850
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	90	60	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	295	155	140	26,960	13,190	13,770
British Isles origins	210	105	100	23,050	11,100	11,950
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	140	70	70	12,755	6,125	6,630
Irish	55	25	30	8,505	3,975	4,535
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	135	80	55	11,450	5,355	6,095
Welsh	0	0	10	755	395	360
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	825	415	410
French origins	50	30	25	4,600	2,085	2,515
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	10	0
French	55	30	25	4,595	2,080	2,515
Western European origins (except French origins)	55	30	25	6,530	3,200	3,330
Austrian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	110	65	45
Dutch	35	15	15	1,745	840	900
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	5,055	2,505	2,560
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	45	20	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	0	20	600	295	310
Danish	0	0	0	185	70	115
Finnish	20	10	15	40	40	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	205	85	120
Swedish	10	0	10	145	80	70
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	40	30	15
Eastern European origins	60	35	25	1,120	575	545
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	90	50	35
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	15	0	10	85	45	40
Latvian	20	10	10	20	15	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	355	180	170
Romanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	0	0	10	315	140	175
Slovak	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ukrainian	25	20	10	335	150	185
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	20	10	20	765	390	375
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	15	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	45	20	30
Italian	15	10	15	455	260	190
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	75	65
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	115	35	85
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	210	110	100
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	35	20	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	165	80	80
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	170	90	80
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	0	15
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	55	35	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	0	15	120	40	80
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexican	15	0	15	30	10	25
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	0	0	0	495	285	215
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	20	15	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	475	270	205
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	415	235	185
Asian origins	0	0	0	500	260	235
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	240	140	100
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	145	85	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	35	15	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	230	115	110
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	95	65	30
Filipino	0	0	0	60	20	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	30	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	15	30
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	30	15	15
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	145	...	...	17,435	...	...
Owner	135	...	...	13,945	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	3,210	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	145	...	...	17,440	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	195	...	...
Not condominium	145	...	...	17,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	140	...	...	17,435	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	20	...	...	1,210	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	4,045	...	...
3 bedrooms	70	...	...	7,895	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	4,265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	140	...	...	17,435	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25	...	...	2,575	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	2,705	...	...
6 rooms	45	...	...	3,245	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	2,785	...	...
8 or more rooms	30	...	...	6,130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	145	...	...	17,435	...	...
One person or fewer per room	145	...	...	17,350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	145	...	...	17,440	...	...
Suitable	140	...	...	17,010	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	145	...	...	17,440	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	4,325	...	...
1961 to 1980	65	...	...	4,655	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	2,675	...	...
1991 to 2000	20	...	...	2,515	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	1,070	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	1,195	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	10	...	...	1,010	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	145	...	...	17,440	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	105	...	...	15,715	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	1,725	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	145	...	...	17,440	...	...
1 household maintainer	85	...	...	10,135	...	...
2 household maintainers	60	...	...	7,145	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	145	...	...	17,440	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	335	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	1,995	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	2,790	...	...
45 to 54 years	20	...	...	3,800	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	3,845	...	...
65 to 74 years	30	...	...	2,795	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	1,400	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	130	...	...	16,830	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	110	...	...	13,820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	25	...	...	3,010	...	...
30% to less than 100%	25	...	...	2,645	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	125	...	...	13,690	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.0	...	...	61.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.4	...	...	12.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	753	...	...	933	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	786	...	...	1,000	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	174,284	...	...	200,092	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	202,773	...	...	224,666	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	3,160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	11.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	799	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	833	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	280	160	125	34,915	16,975	17,935
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	40	20	7,900	4,235	3,660
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	90	45	40	8,920	4,225	4,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	140	75	65	18,090	8,515	9,575
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	25	25	0	4,165	3,075	1,095
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	10	0	2,180	1,275	905
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	20	20	0	1,985	1,795	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	55	30	25	8,360	3,445	4,915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	0	810	280	530
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	40	10	35	4,760	1,720	3,030
Bachelor's degree	40	10	35	3,430	1,160	2,270
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	260	100	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	90	40	55
Master's degree	0	0	0	880	365	515
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	90	55	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	210	115	95	23,190	11,250	11,940
No certificate, diploma or degree	45	30	15	3,375	2,005	1,365
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	55	30	25	5,750	2,730	3,030
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	110	55	55	14,060	6,515	7,545
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15	15	0	3,025	2,245	780
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	1,600	915	680
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	20	20	0	1,430	1,330	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	50	30	20	6,670	2,795	3,880
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	535	185	350
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	10	35	3,830	1,295	2,540
Bachelor's degree	40	0	35	2,830	925	1,905
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	185	55	130
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	85	35	50
Master's degree	0	0	0	680	250	425
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	285	155	130	34,910	16,970	17,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	145	85	65	16,820	8,455	8,360
Education	10	0	10	1,190	305	885
13. Education	10	0	10	1,190	300	885
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	375	215	165
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	90	80	15
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	285	135	150
Humanities	0	0	0	615	230	385
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	35	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	130	40	95
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	190	50	140
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	30	15	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	105	65	45
54. History	0	0	0	95	45	50
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	15	1,370	230	1,140
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	95	40	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	425	15	410
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	220	25	195
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	10	10	10	275	55	220
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	310	85	225
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	3,855	895	2,960
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	260	55	210
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	3,565	830	2,735
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	415	190	225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	195	70	125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	80	35	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	115	80	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	530	295	240
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	455	275	185
25. Library science	0	0	0	30	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	40	10	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	55	50	10	5,185	4,875	310
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	65	35	30
14. Engineering	10	0	0	380	300	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	20	0	975	865	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	1,355	1,325	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	1,745	1,700	50
48. Precision production	10	10	0	665	645	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	10	480	280	200
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	10	340	180	160
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	135	95	40
Health and related fields	25	10	20	2,640	265	2,380
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	140	35	95
51. Health professions and related programs	25	0	20	2,495	220	2,270
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	1,435	740	695
12. Personal and culinary services	10	10	10	775	175	600
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	30	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	210	150	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	420	380	40
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	210	115	95	23,190	11,250	11,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	100	60	40	9,130	4,735	4,395
Education	10	0	0	785	170	615
13. Education	0	0	0	780	165	615
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	300	165	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	75	65	10
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	225	100	125
Humanities	0	0	0	445	140	300
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	30	10	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	25	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	140	30	110
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	70	35	35
54. History	0	0	0	65	35	30
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	10	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	15	1,145	175	970
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	85	30	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	320	0	310
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	205	15	190
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	10	15
42. Psychology	10	0	10	245	50	195
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	240	60	185
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	3,010	700	2,315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	225	45	180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	2,765	650	2,115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	305	130	175
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	155	55	105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	40	20	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	85	50	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	480	260	220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	425	250	180
25. Library science	0	0	0	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	50	40	10	3,960	3,695	265
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	50	25	25
14. Engineering	0	0	0	290	220	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	20	0	780	685	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	10	0	1,015	990	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	15	0	1,365	1,330	35
48. Precision production	0	0	0	460	445	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	15	410	235	175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	295	155	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	115	80	35
Health and related fields	20	10	15	2,040	210	1,825
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	100	20	80
51. Health professions and related programs	20	10	15	1,930	190	1,740
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	1,180	630	545
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	620	150	470
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	160	115	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	375	340	35
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	285	160	125	34,910	16,970	17,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	145	85	60	16,820	8,455	8,360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	135	75	60	18,095	8,520	9,575
Location of study inside Canada	130	70	55	17,410	8,125	9,285
Same as province or territory of residence	115	70	55	14,415	6,545	7,870
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	0	2,995	1,580	1,415
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	10	685	390	295
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	260	145	120
Philippines	0	0	0	25	10	15
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	210	120	95
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	175	110	60
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	210	115	95	23,190	11,250	11,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	100	55	45	9,130	4,735	4,395
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	110	60	55	14,060	6,515	7,540
Location of study inside Canada	105	60	45	13,570	6,235	7,335
Same as province or territory of residence	105	55	45	11,155	5,000	6,155
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	2,415	1,235	1,180
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	10	490	285	205
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	190	100	90
Philippines	0	0	0	25	10	10
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	145	80	60
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	10	0	0	125	85	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	280	155	125	34,910	16,975	17,935
In the labour force	190	105	80	21,720	11,365	10,355
Employed	145	75	65	19,840	10,175	9,665
Unemployed	40	25	15	1,880	1,190	690
Not in the labour force	90	55	45	13,185	5,610	7,580
Participation rate	67.9	67.7	64.0	62.2	67.0	57.7
Employment rate	51.8	48.4	52.0	56.8	59.9	53.9
Unemployment rate	21.1	23.8	18.8	8.7	10.5	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	280	155	125	34,910	16,975	17,935
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	80	40	40	12,010	4,970	7,040
Worked	210	115	90	22,900	12,005	10,895
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	100	70	30	12,410	6,900	5,510
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	105	45	60	10,495	5,105	5,385
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.0	42.2	37.0	42.8	42.9	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	190	105	80	21,720	11,365	10,355
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	295	135	160
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	185	105	85	21,430	11,235	10,195
Employee	165	95	70	19,375	9,925	9,450
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	20	10	15	2,050	1,305	750
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	185	105	85	21,725	11,365	10,355
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	290	135	160
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	185	105	80	21,430	11,230	10,195
0 Management occupations	10	0	10	2,085	1,245	845
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	10	10	3,080	635	2,445
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	30	15	15	1,230	965	265
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	1,490	145	1,340
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	2,330	750	1,580
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	10	400	170	235
6 Sales and service occupations	50	25	20	4,560	1,665	2,895
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	45	35	0	4,895	4,600	295
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	10	0	610	490	120
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	735	565	170
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	185	105	80	21,720	11,365	10,355
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	290	130	160
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	185	105	85	21,430	11,235	10,200
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	10	670	490	180
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	220	205	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	120	95	25
23 Construction	25	20	10	2,475	2,235	240
31-33 Manufacturing	15	10	0	1,660	1,200	460
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	770	520	255
44-45 Retail trade	10	10	0	2,435	1,085	1,350
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	1,425	1,020	405
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	285	155	135
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	580	165	415
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	285	170	120
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	0	20	1,145	535	615
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	15	0	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	20	15	10	1,160	660	500
61 Educational services	10	0	10	1,415	380	1,035
62 Health care and social assistance	15	0	15	2,590	270	2,320
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	365	175	195
72 Accommodation and food services	35	15	15	1,260	375	885
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	10	950	550	405
91 Public administration	15	15	0	1,595	955	640
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	145	75	70	19,840	10,170	9,665
Worked at home	20	10	15	1,410	680	730
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	65	55	10
No fixed workplace address	45	35	0	2,860	2,175	680
Worked at usual place	85	30	50	15,510	7,260	8,245
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	80	35	50	15,505	7,265	8,245
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	0	0	0	4,475	1,880	2,600
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	75	30	45	1,840	570	1,270
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	10	8,980	4,650	4,325
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	210	160	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	120	65	55	18,360	9,435	8,925
Car, truck, van - as a driver	125	70	55	16,145	8,405	7,735
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	1,245	525	720
Public transit	0	0	0	170	60	105
Walked	0	0	0	510	245	270
Bicycle	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other method	0	0	0	280	190	95
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	125	65	55	18,360	9,435	8,930
Less than 15 minutes	10	0	10	4,710	2,000	2,705
15 to 29 minutes	10	0	10	4,340	2,060	2,285
30 to 44 minutes	50	35	15	4,690	2,555	2,135
45 to 59 minutes	50	30	15	2,705	1,610	1,095
60 minutes and over	10	0	0	1,925	1,215	710
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	125	70	55	18,365	9,435	8,925
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	0	1,905	1,365	535
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	15	0	4,485	2,775	1,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	20	30	5,690	2,675	3,015
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	10	0	2,800	1,045	1,755
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	1,055	320	735
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	25	15	2,430	1,250	1,175
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	205	120	90	23,440	12,240	11,205
Single responses	205	120	90	23,370	12,210	11,160
Official languages	205	120	90	23,260	12,145	11,115
English	205	115	90	23,205	12,125	11,075
French	0	0	0	55	20	35
Non-official languages	0	0	0	110	65	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	105	65	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	100	60	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	85	45	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	70	30	40
English and French	0	0	0	40	15	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	205	120	85	23,440	12,240	11,200
None	205	115	85	22,930	12,010	10,920
English	0	0	0	80	50	30
French	0	0	0	315	125	195
Non-official language	0	0	0	95	45	55
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	0	25
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	60	40	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	345	180	160	41,650	20,475	21,175
Non-movers	335	180	155	37,965	18,730	19,240
Movers	0	0	0	3,680	1,745	1,935
Non-migrants	10	10	0	1,670	805	860
Migrants	0	0	0	2,015	940	1,075
Internal migrants	0	0	0	1,950	915	1,035
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,520	695	825
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	435	220	210
External migrants	0	0	0	65	25	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	320	170	145	39,835	19,510	20,325
Non-movers	235	130	100	29,040	14,325	14,715
Movers	90	45	40	10,795	5,185	5,615
Non-migrants	25	10	10	4,940	2,330	2,610
Migrants	65	35	35	5,860	2,855	3,005
Internal migrants	50	25	25	5,575	2,715	2,860
Intraprovincial migrants	50	25	25	4,325	2,115	2,210
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,255	605	650
External migrants	15	0	10	280	135	140

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Pearson, LSB [Designated place], Ontario and Hants, CTY [Census division], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pearson, Local service board [Designated place], Ontario and Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Pearson, Local service board [Designated place], Ontario and Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Pearson, Local service board [Designated place], Ontario and Hants, County [Census division], Nova Scotia