Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brampton East [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brampton East Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Montcalm, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Brampton East [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Brampton East [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	122,000	...	...	1,260	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	99,712	...	...	1,309	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	22.4	...	...	-3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	28,483	...	...	527	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	27,720	...	...	491	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,437.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	84.90	...	...	468.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	122,000	61,150	60,855	1,260	645	610
0 to 14 years	26,890	14,245	12,645	220	120	100
0 to 4 years	7,730	4,140	3,585	75	50	25
5 to 9 years	9,490	4,950	4,540	80	35	50
10 to 14 years	9,670	5,150	4,515	60	35	25
15 to 64 years	83,110	41,160	41,950	855	430	425
15 to 19 years	9,690	5,055	4,630	80	40	45
20 to 24 years	8,890	4,635	4,255	75	35	40
25 to 29 years	8,085	4,040	4,040	85	40	40
30 to 34 years	8,445	3,920	4,530	75	35	35
35 to 39 years	9,510	4,305	5,205	75	40	35
40 to 44 years	9,905	4,725	5,185	60	30	30
45 to 49 years	9,045	4,580	4,465	90	40	50
50 to 54 years	7,780	3,975	3,810	120	60	55
55 to 59 years	6,490	3,355	3,135	115	60	50
60 to 64 years	5,270	2,570	2,700	85	40	40
65 years and over	12,000	5,745	6,255	185	100	90
65 to 69 years	4,705	2,280	2,420	75	45	30
70 to 74 years	3,120	1,535	1,585	45	25	25
75 to 79 years	2,105	1,030	1,075	25	10	10
80 to 84 years	1,180	555	630	20	10	10
85 years and over	895	345	550	20	5	15
85 to 89 years	575	240	335	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	230	75	160	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	70	20	50	5	0	5
100 years and over	15	5	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.0	23.3	20.8	17.5	18.6	16.4
15 to 64 years	68.1	67.3	68.9	67.9	66.7	69.7
65 years and over	9.8	9.4	10.3	14.7	15.5	14.8
85 years and over	0.7	0.6	0.9	1.6	0.8	2.5
Average age of the population	35.1	34.4	35.7	40.3	40.1	40.5
Median age of the population	34.4	33.4	35.3	42.1	42.7	41.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	27,720	...	...	490	...	...
Single-detached house	19,005	...	...	445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	270	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,450	...	...	40	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,435	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	2,115	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,645	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	255	...	...	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	27,720	...	...	490	...	...
1 person	1,185	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	3,035	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	4,205	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	7,785	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	11,505	...	...	40	...	...
Number of persons in private households	121,635	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average household size	4.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	95,110	46,905	48,205	1,040	525	515
Married or living common law	60,420	30,215	30,205	700	350	350
Married	58,540	29,270	29,270	615	305	305
Living common law	1,880	945	935	85	45	45
Not married and not living common law	34,690	16,690	18,000	340	175	165
Never married	26,905	14,460	12,440	240	135	105
Separated	1,640	625	1,005	20	10	10
Divorced	2,215	815	1,400	40	25	15
Widowed	3,930	780	3,155	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	32,985	...	...	365	...	...
2 persons	9,295	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	7,120	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	11,430	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	5,140	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	3.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	32,980	...	...	365	...	...
Total couple families	28,995	...	...	330	...	...
Married couples	28,055	...	...	285	...	...
Common-law couples	940	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,990	...	...	35	...	...
Female parent	3,200	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	785	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	28,995	...	...	330	...	...
Couples without children	7,455	...	...	195	...	...
Couples with children	21,535	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	5,775	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	10,875	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	4,890	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,990	...	...	35	...	...
1 child	1,840	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	1,340	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	805	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,795	3,780	5,020	155	100	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	27,720	...	...	490	...	...
One-census-family households	20,275	...	...	355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,455	...	...	195	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	17,825	...	...	165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5,895	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,550	...	...	130	...	...
One-person households	1,185	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	365	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	121,670	61,040	60,630	1,260	645	610
English only	107,170	55,345	51,825	635	320	320
French only	45	20	25	5	0	5
English and French	5,400	2,360	3,045	610	320	290
Neither English nor French	9,055	3,315	5,740	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	121,670	61,035	60,630	1,260	645	615
English	111,280	57,095	54,190	795	385	410
French	385	185	200	455	255	200
English and French	1,045	490	550	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	8,960	3,275	5,690	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	905	425	475	460	255	200
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.7	0.8	36.5	39.5	32.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	121,670	61,035	60,630	1,260	650	615
Single responses	114,350	57,365	56,990	1,235	635	600
Official languages	41,520	21,115	20,405	1,035	535	505
English	41,170	20,950	20,225	580	275	310
French	345	165	185	455	255	200
Non-official languages	72,830	36,245	36,585	195	100	95
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	72,830	36,245	36,585	190	95	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,985	1,495	1,490	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	390	185	205	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	35	20	15	0	0	0
Somali	360	170	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,585	1,305	1,280	0	0	0
Amharic	45	25	20	0	0	0
Arabic	855	450	405	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	1,285	640	650	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	220	105	115	0	0	0
Harari	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	865	435	430	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	795	405	390	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,050	440	615	5	0	0
Bikol	0	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	75	30	45	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	900	375	525	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	50	40	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	30	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5,535	2,675	2,860	0	0	0
Kannada	55	20	30	0	0	0
Malayalam	510	245	265	0	0	0
Tamil	4,735	2,295	2,440	0	0	0
Telugu	230	110	120	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	59,630	29,875	29,755	185	95	90
Albanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	570	260	310	10	5	5
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	570	260	310	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Polish	215	95	115	0	0	0
Russian	90	35	50	10	5	0
Serbian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	10	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	55	55	170	90	85
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	15	5	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	40	40	170	85	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	55	45	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	54,970	27,625	27,340	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	53,915	27,095	26,820	0	0	0
Bengali	425	205	215	0	0	0
Gujarati	6,070	3,015	3,055	0	0	0
Hindi	3,555	1,755	1,795	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Marathi	130	70	60	0	0	0
Nepali	50	20	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40,445	20,430	20,025	0	0	0
Sindhi	100	55	50	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	170	85	90	0	0	0
Urdu	2,925	1,450	1,475	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,015	510	505	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	120	60	65	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	875	440	435	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,765	1,830	1,930	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,740	890	850	0	0	0
Portuguese	630	300	325	5	0	0
Romanian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Spanish	1,350	615	735	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,390	670	720	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	895	435	465	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ganda	15	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	65	30	35	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	20	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	210	110	105	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	75	35	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	945	450	495	0	0	0
Chinese languages	925	435	485	0	0	0
Cantonese	510	250	265	0	0	0
Hakka	15	5	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	290	130	155	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	80	45	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	140	65	75	0	0	0
Lao	130	60	65	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	30	25	0	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	30	20	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	25	30	0	0	5
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	25	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Multiple responses	7,320	3,675	3,640	25	15	10
English and French	130	45	90	20	10	10
English and non-official language	7,015	3,550	3,465	5	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	30	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	125	60	65	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	121,665	61,040	60,630	1,260	650	610
Single responses	100,870	50,480	50,390	1,240	640	600
Official languages	53,645	27,125	26,515	1,110	570	540
English	53,470	27,040	26,430	825	425	400
French	170	85	85	280	140	145
Non-official languages	47,230	23,350	23,875	130	70	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	47,230	23,350	23,880	130	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,625	805	820	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	170	85	85	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	155	75	80	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,455	725	730	0	0	0
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	465	235	230	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	785	390	395	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	115	60	60	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	535	270	265	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	495	250	240	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	410	195	215	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	360	175	190	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	3,755	1,780	1,980	0	0	0
Kannada	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	285	130	155	0	0	0
Tamil	3,290	1,560	1,725	0	0	0
Telugu	145	70	80	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	39,520	19,650	19,870	125	65	60
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	125	130	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	255	125	135	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Polish	95	45	45	0	0	0
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	120	65	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	125	65	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,865	18,860	19,005	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	37,280	18,570	18,715	0	0	0
Bengali	295	145	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	3,980	1,940	2,035	0	0	0
Hindi	1,855	900	955	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	75	40	30	0	0	0
Nepali	50	20	25	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	29,030	14,525	14,500	0	0	0
Sindhi	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	90	40	50	0	0	0
Urdu	1,835	910	925	0	0	0
Iranian languages	575	285	285	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	55	30	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	515	255	255	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,315	630	690	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	475	235	245	0	0	0
Portuguese	185	100	95	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	630	290	345	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	515	240	280	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	385	180	205	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	10	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	70	35	40	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	650	305	340	0	0	0
Chinese languages	635	300	335	0	0	0
Cantonese	350	165	185	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	220	105	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	65	30	35	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	15	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20,795	10,560	10,235	25	10	15
English and French	165	65	100	20	10	10
English and non-official language	20,305	10,345	9,965	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	290	140	155	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	121,665	61,035	60,630	1,260	650	615
None	84,525	42,030	42,490	780	400	375
English	18,775	9,845	8,935	260	130	130
French	410	180	230	180	95	85
Non-official language	17,415	8,710	8,705	40	15	20
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	17,415	8,710	8,705	40	20	20
English and French	60	30	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	405	210	190	5	0	5
French and non-official language	80	35	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	94,755	46,785	47,970	975	500	475
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,005	43,560	44,445	930	485	445
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,667	29,447	22,916	36,907	43,563	30,848
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,010	43,560	44,450	935	485	450
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,441	27,422	21,939	32,416	37,723	27,776
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,900	38,695	36,210	890	475	420
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,705	32,159	23,747	34,176	41,387	27,824
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,610	28,730	36,880	610	280	330
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,723	726	3,547	5,204	4,624	5,496
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	68,450	35,855	32,600	770	420	345
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,647	31,856	25,558	31,936	39,936	26,304
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	94,610	46,725	47,890	965	470	490
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,850	43,580	44,265	920	460	455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,676	40,104	31,316	41,204	49,542	32,784
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,855	43,580	44,275	920	460	460
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,886	34,143	27,680	34,877	40,901	28,794
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,710	38,675	36,035	850	450	405
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,144	42,154	31,767	38,454	45,102	31,031
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,220	28,625	36,590	580	265	315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,505	4,104	6,600	8,649	9,706	7,771
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	68,325	35,865	32,460	745	400	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,543	41,793	32,847	35,957	41,942	29,039
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	94,610	46,725	47,890	965	475	495
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	30,605	17,910	12,690	355	225	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,820	48,829	43,058	43,078	45,814	39,524
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,760	56,747	49,542	47,504	50,485	42,220
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.7	93.4	82.6	89.0	91.4	84.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	82.3	86.4	77.1	71.0	75.0	65.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.3	6.6	17.4	11.2	8.3	15.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	94,755	46,780	47,970	975	500	475
Without total income	6,750	3,225	3,525	45	15	25
With total income	88,005	43,560	44,445	935	485	450
Percentage with total income	92.9	93.1	92.7	95.9	97.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	17,995	7,940	10,055	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	18,495	8,300	10,190	125	50	70
$20,000 to $29,999	12,130	5,775	6,355	140	60	75
$30,000 to $39,999	10,040	4,725	5,320	130	55	75
$40,000 to $49,999	8,055	3,855	4,200	135	85	55
$50,000 to $59,999	5,925	3,175	2,745	95	55	40
$60,000 to $69,999	4,175	2,505	1,670	65	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	3,095	1,955	1,135	55	45	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,235	1,405	830	30	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,840	1,085	755	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	4,020	2,830	1,190	35	25	10
$100,000 to $149,999	3,025	2,065	965	20	10	10
$150,000 and over	995	760	235	15	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	94,755	46,785	47,975	975	500	475
Without after-tax income	6,745	3,220	3,520	45	20	25
With after-tax income	88,010	43,560	44,450	930	480	450
Percentage with after-tax income	92.9	93.1	92.7	95.4	96.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	18,105	7,985	10,115	110	40	70
$10,000 to $19,999	19,300	8,745	10,555	135	60	80
$20,000 to $29,999	13,860	6,545	7,315	180	75	100
$30,000 to $39,999	11,540	5,555	5,980	170	90	80
$40,000 to $49,999	8,900	4,530	4,370	130	75	50
$50,000 to $59,999	5,680	3,360	2,320	85	60	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,830	2,400	1,430	65	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,745	1,655	1,090	25	20	5
$80,000 and over	4,055	2,785	1,270	35	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,610	1,015	595	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	845	590	255	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,605	1,180	420	20	15	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	94,755	46,785	47,975	975	500	475
Without employment income	26,305	10,930	15,375	205	75	130
With employment income	68,450	35,855	32,595	765	420	345
Percentage with employment income	72.2	76.6	67.9	78.5	84.0	72.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,675	3,500	4,175	90	50	45
$5,000 to $9,999	6,455	2,765	3,685	75	40	35
$10,000 to $19,999	11,510	5,870	5,640	95	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	9,625	4,830	4,795	95	40	60
$30,000 to $39,999	8,055	3,885	4,175	100	45	55
$40,000 to $49,999	6,565	3,270	3,300	95	55	35
$50,000 to $59,999	4,980	2,810	2,175	75	45	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,625	2,280	1,345	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,800	1,815	985	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	7,155	4,835	2,325	60	50	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,990	1,265	720	25	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,675	1,010	665	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	3,490	2,560	935	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	27,720	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	100,296	...	...	71,595	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	89,266	...	...	62,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,185	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,213	...	...	38,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,813	...	...	33,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	26,535	...	...	370	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,578	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,361	...	...	71,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	27,705	...	...	490	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	113,121	...	...	77,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	97,944	...	...	65,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,195	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,376	...	...	48,966	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,954	...	...	39,510	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	26,505	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	115,914	...	...	83,356	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,430	...	...	70,992	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	27,720	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	140	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	145	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	230	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	285	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	390	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	500	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	655	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	765	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	840	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,820	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,875	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,045	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,095	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,915	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,915	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,430	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,340	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,700	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,445	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	27,720	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	300	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	415	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	560	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	750	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	925	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,005	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,165	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,355	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,515	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,385	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,310	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,370	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,565	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,035	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,770	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	26,820	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,672	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,819	...	...	71,424	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,485	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,061	...	...	81,237	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,296	...	...	68,864	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	20,755	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,752	...	...	91,819	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,237	...	...	79,616	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,655	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,301	...	...	55,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,130	...	...	49,536	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	26,865	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,519	...	...	83,351	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,440	...	...	70,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,615	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	92,951	...	...	77,967	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,945	...	...	67,142	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	20,620	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,923	...	...	100,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,221	...	...	84,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,690	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	79,905	...	...	53,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,859	...	...	47,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,085	1,755	1,325	140	95	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,936	30,387	27,456	35,520	41,792	31,296
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,863	28,416	25,504	32,032	35,456	28,864
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,075	1,845	1,230	125	80	40
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,189	38,506	32,728	44,343	39,683	53,481
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,175	32,807	28,735	36,312	32,228	44,318
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	121,635	61,020	60,615	1,160	595	560
In the bottom half of the distribution	62,245	31,155	31,085	635	330	305
In the bottom decile	6,610	3,340	3,270	75	40	35
In the second decile	11,305	5,665	5,640	110	50	60
In the third decile	13,970	6,910	7,060	150	75	80
In the fourth decile	15,225	7,600	7,630	155	80	75
In the fifth decile	15,130	7,640	7,490	140	85	55
In the top half of the distribution	59,390	29,865	29,525	525	270	255
In the sixth decile	14,765	7,385	7,380	125	70	60
In the seventh decile	14,355	7,185	7,170	120	60	60
In the eighth decile	11,875	6,025	5,850	110	60	50
In the ninth decile	11,075	5,585	5,495	115	60	55
In the top decile	7,325	3,695	3,630	50	20	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	121,635	61,020	60,615	1,160	600	565
0 to 17 years	32,650	17,255	15,395	230	120	110
0 to 5 years	9,480	5,040	4,445	85	50	30
18 to 64 years	77,260	38,105	39,155	755	385	375
65 years and over	11,720	5,665	6,060	175	95	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,310	5,650	5,660	130	65	65
0 to 17 years	4,335	2,270	2,070	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	1,350	720	630	15	15	5
18 to 64 years	6,300	3,055	3,245	70	35	35
65 years and over	675	330	350	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	9.3	9.3	11.2	10.8	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	13.3	13.2	13.4	15.2	12.5	18.2
0 to 5 years (%)	14.2	14.3	14.2	17.6	30.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	8.2	8.0	8.3	9.3	9.1	9.3
65 years and over (%)	5.8	5.8	5.8	14.3	10.5	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,615	4,330	4,285	55	35	25
0 to 17 years	3,010	1,580	1,430	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	990	560	430	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	5,115	2,530	2,585	30	20	15
65 years and over	485	215	270	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.1	7.1	7.1	4.7	5.8	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	9.2	9.3	6.5	8.3	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	11.1	9.7	11.8	10.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.6	6.6	4.0	5.2	4.0
65 years and over (%)	4.1	3.8	4.5	5.7	5.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	121,485	60,910	60,575	1,160	585	580
Official languages	112,370	57,520	54,850	1,145	570	575
English	112,325	57,490	54,830	1,125	555	570
French	5,315	2,305	3,005	625	290	330
Non-official languages	89,930	44,815	45,110	155	90	65
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	89,930	44,815	45,110	155	95	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,945	1,955	1,985	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	565	265	300	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	10	20	0	0	0
Somali	540	260	285	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,340	1,685	1,660	0	0	0
Amharic	120	60	65	0	0	0
Arabic	1,940	980	960	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	1,610	835	780	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	275	130	140	0	0	0
Harari	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	50	15	35	0	0	0
Tigrigna	65	30	35	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	150	75	80	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	55	15	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,050	480	570	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	15	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	995	470	525	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,425	625	800	0	0	0
Bikol	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	95	50	45	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	85	25	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	70	35	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	45	15	30	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,305	575	735	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	310	150	160	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	170	80	90	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	125	55	65	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	7,125	3,475	3,650	0	0	0
Kannada	160	65	95	0	0	0
Malayalam	645	300	340	0	0	0
Tamil	6,195	3,030	3,165	0	0	0
Telugu	265	145	115	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	73,210	36,765	36,445	115	75	35
Albanian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	160	60	95	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	575	255	320	20	10	10
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	570	250	315	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	10	0
Macedonian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	160	60	100	0	0	0
Russian	160	70	90	15	10	10
Serbian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	255	135	120	105	70	35
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	10	0
Dutch	35	15	15	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	95	75	85	55	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	140	80	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	66,915	33,765	33,150	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	65,810	33,240	32,570	0	0	0
Bengali	460	215	250	0	0	0
Gujarati	7,755	3,860	3,895	0	0	0
Hindi	19,070	9,435	9,635	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	25	15	15	0	0	0
Marathi	320	165	160	0	0	0
Nepali	85	35	50	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50,390	25,675	24,715	0	0	0
Sindhi	130	55	80	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	430	215	210	0	0	0
Urdu	5,285	2,710	2,575	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,215	590	625	0	0	0
Kurdish	45	25	20	0	0	0
Pashto	150	85	70	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,065	505	560	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,390	2,590	2,800	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,540	1,320	1,220	0	0	0
Portuguese	745	365	380	0	0	0
Romanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	2,255	1,000	1,250	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	2,250	1,060	1,185	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	1,305	610	700	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	75	50	25	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	85	40	45	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	205	100	105	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	455	210	245	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	100	50	55	15	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	30	10	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,155	620	540	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,125	595	530	0	0	0
Cantonese	695	360	330	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	420	225	190	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	130	75	60	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Burmese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	275	140	135	0	0	0
Lao	260	125	135	0	0	0
Thai	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	155	80	70	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	150	75	70	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	0	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	10	40	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	65	40	20	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	121,485	60,910	60,575	1,160	585	575
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	103,635	52,435	51,200	1,115	555	560
Canadian citizens aged under 18	31,355	16,440	14,915	235	110	130
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	72,275	35,995	36,285	880	450	435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	17,855	8,475	9,380	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	121,485	60,910	60,575	1,160	580	575
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	48,175	24,975	23,200	1,030	515	515
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	71,510	35,015	36,500	110	60	55
Before 1981	7,380	3,655	3,725	30	20	10
1981 to 1990	10,050	5,065	4,985	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	22,515	11,075	11,435	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	23,500	11,370	12,125	65	35	35
2001 to 2005	13,490	6,485	7,005	30	15	15
2006 to 2010	10,005	4,880	5,120	40	20	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	8,070	3,850	4,225	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,795	920	875	25	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	71,515	35,015	36,500	110	55	50
Under 5 years	4,560	2,420	2,140	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	9,190	4,785	4,405	30	10	25
15 to 24 years	20,155	8,720	11,435	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	26,650	14,210	12,440	45	20	25
45 years and over	10,965	4,885	6,085	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	71,515	35,015	36,495	115	60	55
Americas	10,340	4,795	5,540	15	10	10
Brazil	30	0	30	0	0	0
Colombia	65	15	50	0	0	0
El Salvador	295	150	145	0	0	0
Guyana	3,490	1,625	1,865	0	0	0
Haiti	55	40	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	3,440	1,550	1,890	0	0	0
Mexico	75	35	35	0	0	0
Peru	85	30	65	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,035	480	560	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	505	270	235	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,260	605	655	10	0	10
Europe	3,260	1,585	1,675	55	30	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	15	0	0	0
Croatia	25	10	15	0	0	0
France	15	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	90	55	35	30	20	15
Greece	70	40	30	0	0	0
Hungary	20	0	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Italy	1,260	645	620	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	15	0	0	10	0
Poland	125	50	70	0	0	0
Portugal	395	210	180	0	0	0
Romania	35	10	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	70	35	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	780	335	445	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	295	115	175	10	10	0
Africa	3,195	1,560	1,630	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	55	25	30	0	0	0
Ethiopia	120	55	60	0	0	0
Kenya	220	125	95	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	865	410	450	0	0	0
Somalia	305	140	170	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	70	35	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,565	775	790	10	10	0
Asia	54,540	26,995	27,545	35	15	25
Afghanistan	735	350	390	0	0	0
Bangladesh	270	120	145	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	295	140	150	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	155	90	60	0	0	0
India	40,285	19,960	20,330	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	100	70	30	0	0	0
Iraq	1,925	995	930	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	105	45	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	3,020	1,540	1,485	0	0	0
Philippines	1,355	605	750	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	4,135	2,050	2,080	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	60	30	30	0	0	10
Viet Nam	840	410	430	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,175	565	615	25	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	185	75	110	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,070	3,850	4,225	10	10	0
Americas	615	335	280	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	240	155	90	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	110	65	45	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	210	100	115	0	0	0
Europe	130	60	70	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	25	0	0	0
Africa	265	100	165	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	120	45	70	0	0	0
Somalia	25	15	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	30	75	0	0	0
Asia	7,025	3,340	3,685	0	0	0
Afghanistan	100	25	70	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	5,655	2,705	2,950	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Iraq	170	100	65	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	420	190	225	0	0	0
Philippines	190	75	115	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	265	120	150	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	35	20	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	50	25	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	25	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Australia	30	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	121,485	60,910	60,570	1,160	585	580
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	73,575	36,075	37,500	130	75	60
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	43,395	22,585	20,810	110	60	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,515	2,250	2,260	915	450	465
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	65,060	31,800	33,255	85	40	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	18,965	10,420	8,550	50	35	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	7,890	5,955	1,935	20	20	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	11,075	4,460	6,610	35	15	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	36,900	16,220	20,680	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	8,725	4,920	3,805	25	10	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	465	250	215	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	121,485	60,910	60,575	1,160	585	580
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	225	70	150	200	75	125
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	210	65	150	200	70	125
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	160	40	120	30	25	10
Métis	45	25	20	140	35	100
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	121,265	60,840	60,420	960	510	450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	121,485	60,910	60,575	1,160	580	575
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	60	30	30	30	20	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	121,425	60,885	60,545	1,135	565	570
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	121,485	60,910	60,575	1,160	585	575
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	45	15	25	10	15	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	45	10	30	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	0	30	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	245	110	135	225	75	150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	240	105	135	225	75	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	215	100	110	65	30	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	125	25	100
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	30	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	121,200	60,790	60,415	920	495	420
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	121,485	60,910	60,575	1,160	585	575
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	110,055	55,250	54,805	40	25	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	80,035	40,595	39,440	0	0	0
Chinese	1,235	695	535	0	0	0
Black	13,775	6,700	7,080	40	20	15
Filipino	1,915	875	1,035	0	0	0
Latin American	2,220	1,035	1,190	0	0	0
Arab	1,515	765	750	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,705	815	890	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	2,110	1,080	1,035	0	0	0
Korean	25	0	20	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	3,875	1,835	2,040	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,620	840	780	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	11,435	5,660	5,770	1,120	560	560
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	121,485	60,915	60,575	1,160	585	575
North American Aboriginal origins	280	120	160	240	85	150
First Nations (North American Indian)	245	105	140	80	40	35
Inuit	10	0	0	30	15	15
Métis	30	15	20	125	25	100
Other North American origins	7,245	3,755	3,485	340	170	165
Acadian	15	15	0	0	0	0
American	155	70	90	10	0	10
Canadian	7,075	3,670	3,405	335	170	170
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	12,865	6,320	6,545	965	485	485
British Isles origins	4,000	1,850	2,150	315	165	150
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,180	1,075	1,100	155	70	80
Irish	1,235	510	725	110	55	55
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,390	625	765	150	80	65
Welsh	145	70	80	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	415	170	245	15	0	15
French origins	775	400	375	540	235	300
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	775	400	380	535	235	300
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,075	520	555	345	180	165
Austrian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	0	25	0	25
Dutch	315	190	120	80	35	40
Flemish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	685	305	375	250	145	105
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	55	15	45	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	90	40	50	20	0	15
Danish	15	10	0	15	0	15
Finnish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,090	470	620	180	70	115
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	45	20	20	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	55	65	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	425	170	250	40	10	25
Romanian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Russian	145	55	85	50	10	40
Slovak	75	35	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	250	105	145	90	50	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	8,030	4,060	3,970	0	0	0
Albanian	85	50	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	335	190	145	0	0	0
Italian	4,970	2,525	2,440	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Maltese	160	75	90	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,785	855	935	0	0	0
Serbian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Spanish	920	485	440	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	90	45	50	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	35	30	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	9,985	4,770	5,215	10	0	10
Antiguan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	310	135	170	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	45	20	25	0	0	0
Cuban	90	40	45	0	0	0
Dominican	70	40	30	0	0	0
Grenadian	335	165	170	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	95	65	30	0	0	0
Jamaican	6,595	3,145	3,450	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	120	50	70	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	955	470	490	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	195	95	100	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	1,705	780	925	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	230	130	95	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	4,530	2,110	2,420	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	70	25	45	0	0	0
Arawak	30	10	20	0	0	0
Argentinian	150	55	100	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	15	55	0	0	0
Chilean	160	60	100	0	0	0
Colombian	120	45	70	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	325	165	160	0	0	0
Guatemalan	130	55	75	0	0	0
Guyanese	2,305	1,140	1,165	0	0	0
Hispanic	50	15	30	0	0	0
Honduran	75	30	40	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	135	55	75	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	50	15	30	0	0	0
Panamanian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	130	40	90	0	0	0
Salvadorean	460	215	250	0	0	0
Uruguayan	55	30	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	50	25	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	325	155	170	0	0	0
African origins	6,495	3,345	3,155	30	25	0
Central and West African origins	3,285	1,695	1,595	10	0	0
Akan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Angolan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	185	110	80	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0	10	0
Edo	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	1,730	880	845	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	50	15	35	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	1,015	540	475	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	160	65	95	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	120	60	60	0	0	0
North African origins	150	85	75	25	20	10
Algerian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	130	55	70	30	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,300	695	605	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	240	125	110	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	55	20	35	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	80	55	25	0	0	0
Oromo	20	10	15	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	725	370	360	0	0	0
South African	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	105	60	45	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,970	985	985	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	220	120	95	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,785	885	905	0	0	0
Asian origins	91,025	45,915	45,105	30	10	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	5,345	2,670	2,675	25	10	15
Afghan	1,120	520	600	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	225	110	110	0	0	0
Armenian	210	95	115	0	0	0
Assyrian	940	520	415	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	260	130	135	0	0	0
Iraqi	1,845	955	890	0	0	0
Israeli	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	230	105	130	0	0	0
Palestinian	125	60	70	0	0	0
Pashtun	75	50	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Syrian	150	60	95	0	0	0
Tajik	65	25	40	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	175	70	100	20	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	60	30	30	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	220	120	100	0	0	0
South Asian origins	80,235	40,560	39,680	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	205	90	110	0	0	0
Bengali	205	95	110	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	62,415	31,520	30,890	0	0	0
Goan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	440	255	185	0	0	0
Kashmiri	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	85	40	45	0	0	0
Pakistani	3,405	1,725	1,675	0	0	0
Punjabi	9,750	5,100	4,645	0	0	0
Sinhalese	100	40	60	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	4,590	2,265	2,320	0	0	0
Tamil	1,990	995	1,000	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	2,445	1,215	1,235	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,695	2,790	2,905	10	0	10
Burmese	65	25	35	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	120	60	60	0	0	0
Chinese	1,985	1,045	935	0	0	10
Filipino	2,210	1,020	1,195	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	40	0	0	0
Karen	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	60	20	40	0	0	0
Laotian	370	185	180	0	0	0
Malaysian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	110	25	85	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,210	620	585	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	130	50	75	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	440	215	230	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	445	215	230	0	0	0
Oceania origins	65	25	40	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	60	20	40	0	0	0
Fijian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	27,705	...	...	490	...	...
Owner	25,345	...	...	410	...	...
Renter	2,360	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	27,705	...	...	490	...	...
Condominium	1,470	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	26,235	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	27,705	...	...	490	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	440	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,375	...	...	150	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,445	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20,390	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	27,705	...	...	495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,845	...	...	65	...	...
5 rooms	4,150	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	4,440	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	4,635	...	...	60	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,640	...	...	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	27,705	...	...	490	...	...
One person or fewer per room	25,360	...	...	480	...	...
More than 1 person per room	2,345	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	27,705	...	...	490	...	...
Suitable	24,535	...	...	480	...	...
Not suitable	3,170	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	27,705	...	...	495	...	...
1960 or before	80	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	310	...	...	160	...	...
1981 to 1990	420	...	...	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,285	...	...	50	...	...
2001 to 2005	9,010	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	10,115	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	5,490	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	27,705	...	...	495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	27,265	...	...	455	...	...
Major repairs needed	440	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	27,705	...	...	490	...	...
1 household maintainer	10,630	...	...	260	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,350	...	...	230	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	2,725	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	27,705	...	...	490	...	...
15 to 24 years	170	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,790	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,280	...	...	95	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,610	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,095	...	...	95	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,095	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	560	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	100	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	27,695	...	...	440	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	17,105	...	...	400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,590	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,775	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,345	...	...	365	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	86.9	...	...	56.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.8	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,219	...	...	662	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,230	...	...	864	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	691,698	...	...	174,329	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	721,875	...	...	186,136	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,360	...	...	75	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,497	...	...	697	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,448	...	...	626	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	94,610	46,725	47,890	965	475	490
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,715	10,035	11,680	255	140	115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	28,715	14,800	13,915	290	125	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,185	21,890	22,290	420	210	210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,470	2,280	1,185	100	70	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,130	1,325	805	65	35	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,340	960	380	35	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,915	6,580	7,340	170	55	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,455	1,270	1,185	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,345	11,760	12,590	105	55	55
Bachelor's degree	17,100	8,255	8,845	75	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,320	640	675	10	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	645	345	300	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,015	2,385	2,635	20	15	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	275	130	135	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	64,280	31,400	32,870	675	330	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,975	4,820	5,160	95	70	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,620	8,830	8,785	240	100	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,685	17,760	18,925	340	165	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,670	1,760	910	85	60	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,625	1,010	620	60	30	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,045	750	295	25	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,235	5,130	6,100	135	45	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,920	1,005	920	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,855	9,865	10,990	80	35	45
Bachelor's degree	14,255	6,770	7,485	55	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,140	540	605	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	575	295	275	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,645	2,140	2,500	25	15	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	240	115	125	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	94,615	46,725	47,890	965	475	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	50,430	24,830	25,600	540	265	280
Education	1,865	370	1,495	30	10	25
13. Education	1,865	370	1,500	35	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	820	375	440	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	85	35	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	700	300	410	10	0	10
Humanities	4,290	1,600	2,690	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	425	125	300	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	610	160	450	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,765	1,095	1,665	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	50	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	40	25	0	0	0
54. History	315	125	190	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,925	1,495	3,425	50	10	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	0	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	270	85	190	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	865	75	795	20	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	955	410	545	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	30	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	550	80	470	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,155	815	1,340	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	10,855	5,055	5,800	45	30	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	615	145	475	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,205	4,900	5,305	45	30	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,785	1,255	1,530	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	975	305	670	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	980	410	565	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	715	505	210	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	30	75	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,685	1,785	900	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,225	1,510	715	10	0	10
25. Library science	15	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	435	275	160	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,170	7,395	780	100	95	10
04. Architecture and related services	235	165	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,370	2,925	445	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,785	1,585	200	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	895	880	15	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,200	1,170	40	20	20	0
48. Precision production	690	670	15	20	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	410	320	85	40	45	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	315	260	55	40	45	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	60	30	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,540	1,320	4,215	105	0	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	285	175	110	20	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs	5,140	1,085	4,055	85	0	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	110	55	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,835	910	920	15	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	945	205	740	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	600	450	150	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	270	245	30	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	64,275	31,405	32,875	670	330	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	27,595	13,650	13,945	330	165	160
Education	1,435	230	1,200	30	0	20
13. Education	1,440	235	1,205	25	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	595	255	345	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	70	15	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	510	185	325	0	0	10
Humanities	3,700	1,285	2,420	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	380	105	270	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	500	105	395	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,420	900	1,520	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	35	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	35	20	0	0	0
54. History	270	100	165	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,870	1,160	2,710	40	10	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	65	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	665	55	610	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	750	320	430	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	70	30	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	410	45	360	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,745	650	1,100	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	9,405	4,245	5,155	45	30	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	525	130	395	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,850	4,110	4,750	40	30	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,255	970	1,285	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	775	225	550	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	760	295	465	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	630	430	200	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	20	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,440	1,595	845	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,045	1,375	670	10	0	0
25. Library science	15	0	15	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	380	220	160	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,705	6,010	700	75	65	0
04. Architecture and related services	205	145	60	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,940	2,520	420	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,350	1,180	175	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	675	660	15	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	955	930	20	20	15	0
48. Precision production	580	570	15	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	320	255	65	30	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	245	200	45	35	30	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	50	20	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,605	1,065	3,540	90	10	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	140	85	60	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,365	935	3,435	75	0	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	100	45	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,345	685	655	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	700	150	550	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	420	335	85	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	200	15	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	94,610	46,720	47,890	965	475	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,430	24,835	25,595	540	265	275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,180	21,890	22,295	425	205	215
Location of study inside Canada	24,045	11,435	12,615	380	180	200
Same as province or territory of residence	23,210	11,000	12,215	365	180	190
Different than province or territory of residence	835	435	400	10	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20,130	10,455	9,680	40	30	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	790	430	360	0	0	0
Philippines	645	275	370	0	0	0
India	13,855	7,090	6,765	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	645	390	255	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	120	45	65	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	10	0	0
Other	4,065	2,215	1,855	35	20	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	64,275	31,405	32,870	670	330	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,595	13,645	13,945	330	170	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	36,680	17,760	18,925	340	160	180
Location of study inside Canada	18,990	8,910	10,080	300	135	165
Same as province or territory of residence	18,250	8,545	9,710	290	135	155
Different than province or territory of residence	740	370	370	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	17,685	8,845	8,845	40	30	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	725	400	325	0	0	0
Philippines	540	220	315	0	0	0
India	12,220	5,985	6,235	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	495	275	220	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	105	40	65	0	0	0
France	15	10	15	0	0	0
Other	3,600	1,920	1,675	30	20	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	94,615	46,720	47,890	965	475	490
In the labour force	63,350	34,170	29,175	650	365	280
Employed	58,335	31,925	26,410	635	365	275
Unemployed	5,010	2,245	2,765	15	0	10
Not in the labour force	31,265	12,555	18,715	310	105	205
Participation rate	67.0	73.1	60.9	67.4	76.8	57.1
Employment rate	61.7	68.3	55.1	65.8	76.8	56.1
Unemployment rate	7.9	6.6	9.5	2.3	0.0	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	94,610	46,725	47,890	965	475	490
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	30,880	12,190	18,685	255	85	165
Worked	63,735	34,530	29,200	710	385	325
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	31,475	18,500	12,980	360	230	125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	32,255	16,030	16,225	350	155	200
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	43.0	41.1	43.7	44.2	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	63,345	34,170	29,175	650	370	285
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,765	680	1,080	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	61,580	33,485	28,095	650	370	285
Employee	53,000	26,730	26,265	480	230	250
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	8,580	6,755	1,825	175	140	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	63,345	34,170	29,180	655	370	285
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,765	685	1,080	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	61,580	33,485	28,095	650	370	280
0 Management occupations	5,320	3,455	1,865	145	105	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,025	3,730	6,300	65	25	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,050	3,130	925	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,405	710	2,700	60	10	55
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,395	1,170	3,225	90	30	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	800	380	425	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	13,490	5,660	7,830	90	35	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,750	11,460	1,295	125	115	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	215	150	70	55	40	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	7,125	3,660	3,465	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	63,345	34,170	29,180	655	365	285
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,765	680	1,080	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	61,585	33,485	28,095	650	370	280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	140	60	75	180	135	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	20	35	0	0	0
22 Utilities	140	110	25	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,110	2,610	500	40	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	9,865	5,855	4,010	20	20	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,915	1,665	1,250	25	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	6,830	3,255	3,575	60	15	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	9,800	7,590	2,215	50	40	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,095	615	485	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,105	1,480	1,625	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,355	870	480	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,880	2,235	1,645	20	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	130	55	80	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,620	1,895	1,725	25	25	0
61 Educational services	2,910	700	2,205	45	10	35
62 Health care and social assistance	4,730	855	3,875	115	15	100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	670	345	325	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,380	1,215	2,165	20	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,205	1,225	985	20	10	10
91 Public administration	1,640	830	810	15	20	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	58,335	31,925	26,410	640	365	275
Worked at home	2,540	1,340	1,200	145	110	35
Worked outside Canada	360	280	75	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	8,900	6,845	2,055	85	70	15
Worked at usual place	46,540	23,455	23,080	405	190	220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	46,540	23,455	23,080	405	185	215
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,945	6,400	7,545	160	70	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,440	5,875	5,565	130	50	80
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	21,050	11,120	9,930	115	65	50
Commute to a different province or territory	105	60	45	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	55,440	30,305	25,140	490	255	230
Car, truck, van - as a driver	43,900	25,885	18,015	410	215	200
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,440	1,550	2,885	25	10	10
Public transit	6,030	2,400	3,630	10	0	0
Walked	535	200	335	45	20	20
Bicycle	60	45	10	0	0	0
Other method	485	220	260	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	55,440	30,305	25,140	490	255	230
Less than 15 minutes	6,190	3,005	3,185	250	130	125
15 to 29 minutes	19,310	10,460	8,850	75	40	35
30 to 44 minutes	15,965	9,295	6,675	70	35	35
45 to 59 minutes	6,280	3,420	2,860	40	15	20
60 minutes and over	7,700	4,130	3,570	60	45	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	55,440	30,305	25,140	490	260	230
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,600	3,220	1,380	50	35	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,425	6,005	4,415	105	85	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,570	5,665	5,900	100	30	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,285	4,705	4,585	130	55	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,890	4,185	3,700	20	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,670	6,520	5,155	80	40	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	66,605	35,860	30,745	740	400	340
Single responses	63,790	34,180	29,615	680	365	315
Official languages	61,860	33,120	28,740	675	365	315
English	61,750	33,090	28,660	575	330	250
French	105	25	80	100	40	65
Non-official languages	1,930	1,060	870	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,935	1,060	870	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	20	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	45	65	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	90	40	55	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,675	940	735	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,645	925	725	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,625	910	715	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	115	45	75	0	0	0
Hindi	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,445	840	605	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	55	35	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	30	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	0	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,815	1,680	1,135	60	30	25
English and French	160	65	95	45	25	25
English and non-official language	2,635	1,610	1,020	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	25	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	66,605	35,860	30,750	740	400	340
None	60,000	32,040	27,955	585	315	265
English	695	405	295	70	30	35
French	275	100	165	80	55	25
Non-official language	5,615	3,295	2,320	10	0	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,615	3,295	2,320	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	120,060	60,150	59,910	1,150	575	575
Non-movers	107,145	53,495	53,650	1,005	495	510
Movers	12,910	6,655	6,255	150	80	70
Non-migrants	7,500	3,850	3,655	45	25	25
Migrants	5,410	2,805	2,600	100	60	45
Internal migrants	3,555	1,885	1,665	80	40	35
Intraprovincial migrants	3,150	1,690	1,455	80	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	405	195	215	0	0	0
External migrants	1,855	920	930	20	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	113,825	56,885	56,940	1,080	535	555
Non-movers	66,070	32,930	33,145	770	380	390
Movers	47,755	23,960	23,795	320	155	160
Non-migrants	27,370	13,895	13,475	100	55	45
Migrants	20,385	10,065	10,320	215	100	120
Internal migrants	13,215	6,555	6,660	190	80	110
Intraprovincial migrants	12,305	6,120	6,180	190	80	110
Interprovincial migrants	910	430	475	0	0	0
External migrants	7,170	3,515	3,655	25	20	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brampton East [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brampton East [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brampton East [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brampton East [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba