Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Dundas, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	South Dundas, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]			Lake Country, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , South Dundas, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : South Dundas, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,833	...	...	12,922	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	10,794	...	...	11,708	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.4	...	...	10.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,830	...	...	5,897	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,555	...	...	5,094	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	20.8	...	...	105.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	521.06	...	...	122.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,835	5,295	5,540	12,920	6,455	6,470
0 to 14 years	1,615	795	820	2,020	1,005	1,015
0 to 4 years	525	250	275	600	310	290
5 to 9 years	590	300	285	730	350	380
10 to 14 years	505	250	255	690	345	345
15 to 64 years	6,525	3,230	3,295	8,755	4,355	4,400
15 to 19 years	535	280	255	720	365	355
20 to 24 years	515	260	250	665	355	305
25 to 29 years	490	240	250	670	340	330
30 to 34 years	510	255	255	835	415	415
35 to 39 years	475	220	245	815	410	410
40 to 44 years	600	295	295	785	410	375
45 to 49 years	680	340	340	880	425	455
50 to 54 years	930	455	470	1,140	535	605
55 to 59 years	965	490	470	1,190	600	590
60 to 64 years	840	385	455	1,050	490	555
65 years and over	2,690	1,265	1,425	2,145	1,090	1,055
65 to 69 years	930	445	485	795	415	380
70 to 74 years	735	355	375	565	290	280
75 to 79 years	475	240	235	350	180	175
80 to 84 years	295	120	175	215	120	100
85 years and over	260	105	160	215	85	130
85 to 89 years	170	70	100	130	60	75
90 to 94 years	70	25	50	65	25	40
95 to 99 years	15	5	10	15	5	10
100 years and over	5	0	0	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.0	14.8	15.6	15.6	15.7
15 to 64 years	60.2	61.0	59.5	67.8	67.5	68.0
65 years and over	24.8	23.9	25.7	16.6	16.9	16.3
85 years and over	2.4	2.0	2.9	1.7	1.3	2.0
Average age of the population	45.7	45.1	46.2	42.4	42.1	42.6
Median age of the population	50.0	49.3	50.6	44.7	44.1	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,555	...	...	5,090	...	...
Single-detached house	3,625	...	...	3,510	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	815	...	...	1,450	...	...
Semi-detached house	305	...	...	125	...	...
Row house	205	...	...	165	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	255	...	...	465	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	100	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 person	1,120	...	...	1,080	...	...
2 persons	1,995	...	...	2,135	...	...
3 persons	650	...	...	735	...	...
4 persons	480	...	...	740	...	...
5 or more persons	315	...	...	400	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,695	...	...	12,725	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	9,215	4,500	4,720	10,900	5,445	5,455
Married or living common law	5,905	2,965	2,945	7,105	3,555	3,555
Married	4,840	2,420	2,415	5,915	2,960	2,955
Living common law	1,070	540	530	1,190	595	595
Not married and not living common law	3,310	1,535	1,775	3,790	1,890	1,900
Never married	1,825	1,015	810	2,365	1,385	985
Separated	300	145	155	280	120	160
Divorced	535	235	300	665	270	400
Widowed	640	140	505	475	120	360
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,375	...	...	3,965	...	...
2 persons	2,045	...	...	2,300	...	...
3 persons	620	...	...	715	...	...
4 persons	465	...	...	695	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...	255	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,370	...	...	3,965	...	...
Total couple families	2,920	...	...	3,510	...	...
Married couples	2,385	...	...	2,915	...	...
Common-law couples	530	...	...	595	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	460	...	...	455	...	...
Female parent	335	...	...	330	...	...
Male parent	120	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	3,515	...	...
Couples without children	1,760	...	...	1,990	...	...
Couples with children	1,160	...	...	1,520	...	...
1 child	500	...	...	600	...	...
2 children	430	...	...	670	...	...
3 or more children	225	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	455	...	...	455	...	...
1 child	290	...	...	310	...	...
2 children	120	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,570	715	860	1,825	900	925
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
One-census-family households	3,255	...	...	3,695	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,710	...	...	1,850	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,540	...	...	1,850	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	60	...	...	135	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,240	...	...	1,265	...	...
One-person households	1,115	...	...	1,085	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	125	...	...	180	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	10,810	5,280	5,535	12,770	6,360	6,410
English only	9,375	4,650	4,720	11,920	6,000	5,915
French only	30	15	15	5	0	0
English and French	1,400	605	790	810	345	465
Neither English nor French	10	5	0	35	10	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	10,810	5,275	5,530	12,765	6,355	6,410
English	10,320	5,050	5,270	12,535	6,250	6,290
French	470	215	255	175	90	80
English and French	10	10	10	30	10	20
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	35	10	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	480	215	260	185	95	90
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.4	4.1	4.7	1.4	1.5	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	10,810	5,275	5,535	12,765	6,355	6,410
Single responses	10,740	5,250	5,495	12,665	6,315	6,350
Official languages	10,320	5,045	5,275	11,505	5,770	5,740
English	9,825	4,820	5,005	11,315	5,675	5,640
French	500	225	270	195	95	100
Non-official languages	425	210	220	1,165	545	615
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	425	205	215	1,160	550	610
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	30	5	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	370	185	185	1,000	495	505
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	10	245	115	130
Baltic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	15	245	115	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	5	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	35	15	20
Russian	0	5	5	110	55	55
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ukrainian	5	5	0	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	300	145	155	460	235	230
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	10
Danish	0	5	5	10	5	5
Dutch	205	100	105	70	40	35
Frisian	15	5	10	0	0	0
German	70	35	30	350	170	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	145	70	75
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	130	70	65
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	110	55	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	5	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	10	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	45	25	20
Portuguese	15	5	5	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	5	0	55	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	25	10	20
Chinese languages	10	5	5	30	10	15
Cantonese	5	0	0	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	5	0	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	35	10	20
Estonian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hungarian	5	5	0	25	5	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	30	35	100	45	60
English and French	35	20	20	20	5	15
English and non-official language	25	5	15	75	30	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	10,810	5,280	5,530	12,765	6,360	6,410
Single responses	10,725	5,240	5,490	12,605	6,285	6,320
Official languages	10,645	5,195	5,450	12,290	6,135	6,155
English	10,475	5,115	5,365	12,245	6,115	6,130
French	170	85	85	45	20	20
Non-official languages	80	40	40	315	150	160
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80	45	35	315	150	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	35	25	270	130	135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	75	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	5	5	5	70	35	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	25	20	90	35	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	15	10	65	30	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	95	50	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	95	50	50
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	85	40	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	15	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Spanish	5	5	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	45	160	70	90
English and French	20	5	10	10	10	0
English and non-official language	60	25	30	145	60	90
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	10,805	5,275	5,530	12,765	6,360	6,410
None	10,275	5,050	5,220	12,070	6,055	6,015
English	125	65	65	160	75	80
French	280	110	165	105	45	60
Non-official language	130	55	70	420	175	245
Aboriginal	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	125	50	70	420	175	245
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	5	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,080	4,440	4,640	10,705	5,335	5,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,780	4,305	4,475	10,395	5,210	5,185
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,117	38,360	27,317	36,839	47,488	29,626
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,785	4,300	4,480	10,405	5,220	5,185
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,520	34,489	25,408	32,896	41,100	27,095
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,655	3,835	3,820	9,690	4,925	4,765
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,494	35,948	23,353	34,280	45,253	26,765
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,605	3,020	3,585	6,875	3,015	3,860
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,788	10,123	9,576	5,717	6,416	5,435
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,945	3,125	2,820	8,135	4,205	3,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,464	35,445	25,888	32,553	44,646	25,510
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,080	4,440	4,640	10,700	5,335	5,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,745	4,300	4,445	10,410	5,220	5,195
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,862	45,842	34,076	49,526	61,064	37,933
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,745	4,300	4,445	10,425	5,230	5,195
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,407	38,956	30,006	40,683	48,776	32,537
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,615	3,825	3,790	9,740	4,925	4,810
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,368	43,833	30,837	47,630	59,588	35,385
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,545	2,995	3,555	6,785	3,010	3,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,791	9,829	9,758	7,645	8,353	7,082
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,945	3,110	2,835	8,135	4,200	3,935
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,602	41,861	30,833	45,413	57,075	32,961
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,080	4,435	4,640	10,700	5,335	5,370
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,095	1,795	1,305	3,480	2,035	1,445
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,569	50,378	43,854	51,893	64,211	42,785
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,959	57,324	46,947	64,154	75,540	48,120
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.7	85.3	77.2	89.9	92.2	86.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.7	66.3	58.3	69.6	73.5	63.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.3	14.8	22.8	10.1	7.7	13.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,075	4,440	4,640	10,700	5,335	5,365
Without total income	300	135	160	305	125	180
With total income	8,780	4,305	4,475	10,395	5,210	5,185
Percentage with total income	96.7	97.0	96.4	97.1	97.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	985	420	570	1,345	555	790
$10,000 to $19,999	1,700	645	1,055	1,655	640	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	1,435	630	805	1,350	540	810
$30,000 to $39,999	1,225	565	660	1,190	520	670
$40,000 to $49,999	985	540	450	1,075	475	600
$50,000 to $59,999	725	415	310	870	470	395
$60,000 to $69,999	560	325	235	715	450	265
$70,000 to $79,999	340	220	120	550	360	190
$80,000 to $89,999	260	170	85	395	250	145
$90,000 to $99,999	195	105	85	285	185	105
$100,000 and over	370	270	105	965	765	200
$100,000 to $149,999	270	200	70	630	495	135
$150,000 and over	100	70	30	335	270	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,080	4,440	4,640	10,705	5,335	5,365
Without after-tax income	295	135	160	300	115	180
With after-tax income	8,785	4,305	4,480	10,405	5,215	5,190
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.0	96.6	97.2	97.8	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,025	425	600	1,420	600	825
$10,000 to $19,999	1,770	670	1,095	1,750	685	1,065
$20,000 to $29,999	1,670	745	925	1,605	650	955
$30,000 to $39,999	1,410	705	700	1,390	615	780
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090	600	495	1,250	640	610
$50,000 to $59,999	735	440	290	900	570	330
$60,000 to $69,999	440	285	155	645	410	235
$70,000 to $79,999	280	175	100	485	315	170
$80,000 and over	375	260	115	955	735	220
$80,000 to $89,999	145	90	50	280	195	80
$90,000 to $99,999	75	55	20	190	150	35
$100,000 and over	155	110	40	485	390	95
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,080	4,440	4,640	10,700	5,335	5,365
Without employment income	3,135	1,320	1,820	2,570	1,125	1,440
With employment income	5,945	3,120	2,820	8,130	4,210	3,925
Percentage with employment income	65.5	70.3	60.8	76.0	78.9	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	950	500	445	1,320	630	690
$5,000 to $9,999	475	215	265	590	235	355
$10,000 to $19,999	795	330	465	1,045	425	620
$20,000 to $29,999	720	325	390	895	340	555
$30,000 to $39,999	720	350	365	750	325	425
$40,000 to $49,999	630	335	290	735	310	425
$50,000 to $59,999	490	280	205	630	375	255
$60,000 to $69,999	350	225	130	500	325	180
$70,000 to $79,999	240	155	85	420	280	145
$80,000 and over	580	410	170	1,245	970	275
$80,000 to $89,999	190	135	55	315	215	100
$90,000 to $99,999	145	90	55	225	160	70
$100,000 and over	245	190	60	710	600	110
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,067	...	...	83,243	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,217	...	...	72,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,115	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,422	...	...	36,122	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,176	...	...	32,224	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,435	...	...	4,010	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,779	...	...	97,205	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,768	...	...	83,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,540	...	...	101,243	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,066	...	...	83,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,120	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,347	...	...	51,872	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,625	...	...	42,561	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,430	...	...	4,015	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,061	...	...	114,537	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,032	...	...	94,188	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	95	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	210	...	...	150	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	215	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	255	...	...	160	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	270	...	...	205	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	195	...	...	190	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	405	...	...	345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	360	...	...	320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	365	...	...	380	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	320	...	...	295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	280	...	...	325	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,130	...	...	2,010	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	465	...	...	650	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	270	...	...	455	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	270	...	...	540	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,555	...	...	5,090	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	180	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	305	...	...	230	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	255	...	...	220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	280	...	...	215	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	225	...	...	210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	485	...	...	395	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	445	...	...	435	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	415	...	...	395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	330	...	...	410	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	235	...	...	325	...	...
$100,000 and over	770	...	...	1,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	390	...	...	625	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	200	...	...	375	...	...
$150,000 and over	180	...	...	485	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,350	...	...	3,880	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,689	...	...	96,421	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,676	...	...	83,038	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,685	...	...	1,820	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,192	...	...	87,501	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,451	...	...	75,287	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,180	...	...	1,530	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,984	...	...	118,235	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,138	...	...	100,192	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	420	...	...	420	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,696	...	...	54,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,413	...	...	46,976	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,335	...	...	3,880	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,413	...	...	113,998	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,212	...	...	93,598	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,690	...	...	1,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,605	...	...	106,706	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,472	...	...	86,201	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	1,525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,219	...	...	138,857	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,161	...	...	114,695	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	410	...	...	420	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,202	...	...	55,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,169	...	...	47,953	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,375	635	740	1,610	820	795
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,253	35,264	27,984	32,720	35,776	29,248
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,864	31,584	26,389	29,163	31,893	26,496
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,385	680	705	1,550	805	745
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,636	43,608	33,853	47,177	50,734	43,326
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,598	36,883	30,437	39,095	41,558	36,429
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	10,695	5,235	5,455	12,725	6,345	6,385
In the bottom half of the distribution	5,910	2,830	3,075	5,450	2,595	2,855
In the bottom decile	830	390	435	1,020	490	535
In the second decile	1,335	610	730	960	430	530
In the third decile	1,280	625	655	1,135	550	580
In the fourth decile	1,295	640	655	1,075	515	560
In the fifth decile	1,165	575	590	1,255	605	655
In the top half of the distribution	4,785	2,400	2,385	7,270	3,745	3,525
In the sixth decile	1,220	630	595	1,380	695	685
In the seventh decile	1,065	525	540	1,425	740	680
In the eighth decile	1,050	520	530	1,540	785	750
In the ninth decile	845	425	415	1,465	755	710
In the top decile	605	305	300	1,465	770	695
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	10,695	5,235	5,460	12,725	6,340	6,385
0 to 17 years	1,945	965	980	2,450	1,220	1,230
0 to 5 years	650	320	330	750	370	375
18 to 64 years	6,150	3,030	3,125	8,245	4,070	4,175
65 years and over	2,595	1,240	1,355	2,025	1,045	980
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,500	690	805	1,360	635	725
0 to 17 years	385	195	190	280	130	145
0 to 5 years	130	75	60	75	30	40
18 to 64 years	780	365	420	805	380	425
65 years and over	325	130	200	280	125	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.0	13.2	14.7	10.7	10.0	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	19.8	20.2	19.4	11.4	10.7	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	23.4	18.2	10.0	8.1	10.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.7	12.0	13.4	9.8	9.3	10.2
65 years and over (%)	12.5	10.5	14.8	13.8	12.0	15.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	355	185	180	630	310	320
0 to 17 years	80	45	30	130	60	65
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	255	125	135	465	225	235
65 years and over	25	15	15	30	20	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.5	3.3	5.0	4.9	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.1	4.7	3.1	5.3	4.9	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	3.8	4.7	3.0	3.3	4.1	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.1	4.3	5.6	5.5	5.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.5	1.9	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	10,695	5,240	5,460	12,720	6,340	6,380
Official languages	10,690	5,235	5,450	12,705	6,330	6,370
English	10,650	5,220	5,435	12,695	6,325	6,375
French	1,435	610	825	825	340	480
Non-official languages	510	235	280	1,535	665	875
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	510	235	280	1,530	665	865
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	30	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	30	10	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	65	15	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	50	10	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	465	210	250	1,315	620	695
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	20	230	100	130
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	20	230	100	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Czech	10	10	10	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	10	0	65	25	45
Russian	10	0	10	85	35	45
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	365	160	205	545	260	285
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	10
Danish	10	10	0	20	10	10
Dutch	240	110	135	60	25	35
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	95	35	60	440	215	230
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	95	45	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	50	30	455	210	245
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	0	10	115	50	65
Portuguese	20	10	10	75	35	40
Romanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Spanish	45	35	10	280	125	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	10	0	0	40	10	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	15	0	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	0	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	50	15	35
Chinese languages	20	10	10	50	15	35
Cantonese	10	0	0	20	0	20
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	10,690	5,235	5,455	12,720	6,345	6,385
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	10,600	5,185	5,410	12,280	6,135	6,140
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,925	940	985	2,375	1,165	1,210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,670	4,245	4,425	9,905	4,975	4,930
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	100	55	45	440	205	240
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	10,690	5,235	5,455	12,725	6,340	6,380
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	10,010	4,935	5,075	11,155	5,605	5,555
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	680	300	380	1,455	690	760
Before 1981	500	230	270	700	370	330
1981 to 1990	95	35	65	210	95	115
1991 to 2000	50	15	35	155	50	110
2001 to 2010	30	15	15	265	120	150
2001 to 2005	20	0	15	155	80	75
2006 to 2010	10	10	0	110	40	70
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	10	0	120	55	60
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	115	45	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	685	300	380	1,455	695	765
Under 5 years	95	50	50	240	85	160
5 to 14 years	210	90	120	265	140	125
15 to 24 years	160	65	95	345	180	160
25 to 44 years	195	90	110	515	245	270
45 years and over	20	15	0	90	35	55
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	680	300	380	1,455	695	765
Americas	90	25	65	265	115	145
Brazil	0	0	0	25	10	15
Colombia	0	10	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	25	50	165	70	95
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	45	25	25
Europe	505	245	265	905	460	445
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	10	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	35	15	20	175	85	90
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	35	15	15
Netherlands	210	95	115	50	25	25
Poland	0	0	0	45	20	25
Portugal	10	10	10	20	10	10
Romania	0	10	0	30	10	15
Russian Federation	10	0	0	30	0	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	150	70	85	350	185	165
Other places of birth in Europe	65	35	30	130	75	60
Africa	25	10	15	45	15	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	20	10	10
Asia	45	15	35	185	50	130
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	20	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	10	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	40	0	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	0	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	65	50	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	120	60	65
Americas	0	10	0	30	25	10
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	40	15	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	40	10	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	10,695	5,235	5,460	12,725	6,340	6,380
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	720	325	395	1,630	785	850
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,205	625	580	2,450	1,210	1,240
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,765	4,285	4,485	8,635	4,345	4,295
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	185	75	115	775	325	450
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	80	35	45	400	170	225
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	20	20	155	90	70
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	45	15	30	245	85	155
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	95	35	55	300	115	180
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	10	0	75	30	40
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	10,695	5,240	5,455	12,720	6,340	6,380
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	265	115	150	740	340	400
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	240	95	145	725	335	390
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	130	40	100	290	165	120
Métis	105	60	45	430	165	265
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	10,430	5,120	5,310	11,980	6,000	5,980
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	10,690	5,235	5,455	12,725	6,340	6,385
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	70	20	45	145	80	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,620	5,215	5,410	12,585	6,255	6,325
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	10,695	5,235	5,455	12,720	6,340	6,385
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	60	35	25	115	60	55
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	60	35	25	115	65	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	15	20	65	40	25
Métis single ancestry	15	10	10	50	25	25
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	480	235	245	795	330	465
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	475	225	250	780	315	465
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	345	170	175	415	175	240
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	60	75	360	135	220
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,155	4,965	5,185	11,810	5,945	5,865
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	10,695	5,235	5,455	12,725	6,340	6,380
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	145	60	80	595	230	365
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	0	165	60	105
Chinese	35	15	20	90	25	65
Black	45	15	30	30	20	15
Filipino	0	0	0	70	25	45
Latin American	0	10	0	65	20	50
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	50	15	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	10	10	0	45	20	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	15	15	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	10	10	50	40	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,550	5,170	5,375	12,130	6,110	6,015
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	10,695	5,235	5,455	12,725	6,340	6,385
North American Aboriginal origins	540	265	275	910	390	515
First Nations (North American Indian)	380	190	190	490	225	265
Inuit	10	10	0	10	10	10
Métis	160	80	80	425	170	250
Other North American origins	5,180	2,495	2,685	3,715	1,910	1,800
Acadian	0	0	0	15	10	0
American	80	35	45	205	135	80
Canadian	5,130	2,475	2,655	3,580	1,835	1,745
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	7,730	3,785	3,940	10,515	5,235	5,280
British Isles origins	5,685	2,705	2,980	6,930	3,365	3,565
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,850	1,340	1,510	4,260	2,115	2,145
Irish	2,780	1,320	1,460	2,160	985	1,175
Manx	15	0	15	0	0	0
Scottish	2,540	1,190	1,345	2,880	1,335	1,550
Welsh	140	60	75	320	190	130
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	390	180	215	365	185	180
French origins	1,605	755	855	1,675	800	875
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,610	750	855	1,675	800	875
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,835	1,380	1,460	3,905	1,885	2,020
Austrian	40	10	30	215	125	95
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	25	20	0	115	40	70
Dutch	1,470	680	790	805	430	380
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	45	20	20	10	10	0
German	1,460	740	720	2,955	1,365	1,590
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	120	65	55	155	85	70
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	160	70	90	1,455	715	740
Danish	25	10	15	120	55	65
Finnish	25	20	10	85	50	40
Icelandic	15	10	10	100	45	55
Norwegian	15	10	10	670	355	315
Swedish	70	20	55	570	245	325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	10	0	85	35	45
Eastern European origins	350	150	195	2,590	1,300	1,290
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	0	20	95	50	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	10	45	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	55	10	45	320	130	190
Latvian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	155	80	75	575	260	310
Romanian	30	15	15	85	45	40
Russian	20	0	15	620	325	295
Slovak	10	10	0	45	25	20
Ukrainian	65	40	25	1,155	600	555
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	30	10	20
Southern European origins	215	125	95	930	455	470
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	75	30	45
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15	55	35	15
Italian	115	65	45	520	260	260
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	35	25	110	60	50
Serbian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	10	0	0	155	65	85
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	15	10	90	30	55
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	10	0	60	20	35
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Caribbean origins	50	25	25	50	35	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	20	15	10	20	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	15	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	0	145	60	85
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	30	10	20
Colombian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	10	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	75	30	45
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	10
African origins	50	10	40	80	40	35
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	0	10	45	25	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	20	10	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	0	20	35	15	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	25	0	20	35	15	20
Asian origins	115	50	70	565	225	335
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	10	10	80	45	35
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	15	15	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	10	155	65	85
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	10	155	70	85
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	105	50	55	345	125	220
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	60	20	40	125	35	95
Filipino	0	0	10	85	35	55
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Japanese	20	15	10	85	40	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	30	15	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	10
Thai	10	0	0	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	10	145	65	85
Australian	10	0	10	60	25	35
New Zealander	0	0	0	45	30	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	45	10	35
Fijian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
Owner	3,550	...	...	3,985	...	...
Renter	1,005	...	...	1,110	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
Condominium	35	...	...	490	...	...
Not condominium	4,515	...	...	4,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,555	...	...	5,090	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	310	...	...	360	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,090	...	...	1,065	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,120	...	...	1,635	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,030	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	640	...	...	920	...	...
5 rooms	745	...	...	655	...	...
6 rooms	830	...	...	600	...	...
7 rooms	825	...	...	765	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,515	...	...	2,155	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,555	...	...	5,090	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,515	...	...	5,065	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
Suitable	4,405	...	...	4,965	...	...
Not suitable	150	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
1960 or before	1,820	...	...	360	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,070	...	...	1,475	...	...
1981 to 1990	530	...	...	685	...	...
1991 to 2000	530	...	...	795	...	...
2001 to 2005	165	...	...	355	...	...
2006 to 2010	220	...	...	895	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	220	...	...	535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,555	...	...	5,090	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,235	...	...	4,875	...	...
Major repairs needed	320	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,660	...	...	2,630	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,860	...	...	2,285	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	30	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,555	...	...	5,095	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	125	...	...
25 to 34 years	430	...	...	620	...	...
35 to 44 years	540	...	...	815	...	...
45 to 54 years	860	...	...	1,045	...	...
55 to 64 years	955	...	...	1,280	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,020	...	...	775	...	...
75 to 84 years	495	...	...	340	...	...
85 years and over	160	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,410	...	...	4,910	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,510	...	...	3,715	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	895	...	...	1,200	...	...
30% to less than 100%	815	...	...	1,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,425	...	...	3,815	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.5	...	...	67.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.3	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	964	...	...	1,474	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,055	...	...	1,492	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,664	...	...	501,229	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	241,506	...	...	596,138	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	995	...	...	1,105	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.5	...	...	11.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.7	...	...	38.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	851	...	...	1,088	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	858	...	...	1,082	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,080	4,440	4,640	10,705	5,330	5,370
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,180	1,145	1,025	1,500	805	695
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,775	1,350	1,430	3,300	1,625	1,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,125	1,940	2,185	5,895	2,900	3,000
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	880	685	200	1,360	1,065	295
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	420	270	145	500	305	190
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	465	410	50	860	760	105
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,165	805	1,355	2,570	950	1,615
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	175	85	85	255	115	140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	900	360	540	1,715	770	940
Bachelor's degree	585	215	370	1,080	475	605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	15	45	175	80	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	35	30	10
Master's degree	190	100	100	350	145	205
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	20	15	75	40	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,410	2,645	2,765	7,315	3,620	3,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	850	505	345	625	375	245
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,780	890	890	2,100	1,060	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,775	1,255	1,525	4,590	2,180	2,410
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	555	435	125	955	770	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	250	160	90	320	210	110
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	310	280	30	640	555	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,545	570	980	2,130	785	1,340
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	55	35	195	70	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	580	190	385	1,305	550	760
Bachelor's degree	380	115	270	835	340	495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	140	65	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10	15	10	0
Master's degree	150	60	90	260	105	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	55	30	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,075	4,440	4,640	10,700	5,335	5,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,955	2,500	2,455	4,805	2,435	2,375
Education	270	55	215	415	105	315
13. Education	270	55	215	415	105	315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	40	70	230	75	155
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	15	0	40	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	80	20	65	195	45	150
Humanities	135	60	75	215	90	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	40	25	15	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	10	40	60	25	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	35	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	40	30	10
54. History	10	10	0	25	0	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	385	110	270	390	130	255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	20	30	25	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	10	110	75	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	60	0	50	115	25	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	50	20	30	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	115	60	55	115	70	50
Business, management and public administration	625	175	450	1,130	400	730
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	0	75	50	15	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	545	175	370	1,080	390	685
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	45	45	210	130	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	0	30	80	35	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	10	0	50	35	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	25	10	70	55	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	10	0	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	60	90	135	75	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	45	75	105	55	45
25. Library science	10	0	10	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	970	895	65	1,610	1,475	135
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	25	15	10
14. Engineering	75	60	15	155	115	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	190	160	30	255	200	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	260	250	10	455	440	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	345	330	15	510	490	20
48. Precision production	95	95	0	215	215	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	285	225	60	160	105	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	270	220	60	105	70	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	55	35	20
Health and related fields	725	70	660	995	145	850
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	20	25	70	30	40
51. Health professions and related programs	680	50	635	920	110	810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	200	185	400	175	230
12. Personal and culinary services	175	30	145	265	65	200
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	95	60	35	60	40	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	100	10	75	60	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,410	2,645	2,765	7,310	3,620	3,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,635	1,395	1,245	2,725	1,440	1,285
Education	105	25	75	285	60	225
13. Education	105	25	80	285	60	225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	30	45	175	45	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	30	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	15	45	150	25	125
Humanities	70	25	45	160	65	100
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	60	25	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	30	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	25	15	10
54. History	0	0	0	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	260	55	205	335	115	225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	15	20	30	25	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	65	65	10	55
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	45	95	0	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	25	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	75	40	35	105	65	45
Business, management and public administration	480	110	370	920	310	615
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	65	50	10	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	410	115	300	870	300	570
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	25	30	160	95	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	30	60	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	50	30	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	40	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	50	65	120	65	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	40	60	95	55	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	645	590	55	1,255	1,130	120
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	20	10	0
14. Engineering	35	20	10	100	65	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	130	110	20	205	160	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	165	160	0	335	330	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	240	225	10	410	400	15
48. Precision production	70	75	0	180	175	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	150	35	120	70	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	185	145	40	80	45	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	40	25	15
Health and related fields	510	50	465	790	110	680
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	15	10	55	20	30
51. Health professions and related programs	480	30	440	735	90	645
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	140	135	270	105	155
12. Personal and culinary services	120	20	95	175	40	130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	50	35	50	30	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	65	0	45	35	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,075	4,440	4,640	10,700	5,335	5,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,960	2,500	2,455	4,800	2,430	2,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,125	1,940	2,185	5,900	2,900	2,995
Location of study inside Canada	3,865	1,820	2,045	5,205	2,560	2,640
Same as province or territory of residence	3,510	1,670	1,845	3,445	1,640	1,805
Different than province or territory of residence	350	150	200	1,760	920	840
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	260	120	140	695	340	355
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	35	60	195	100	95
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	15
India	0	0	0	15	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	40	15	155	80	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	105	45	55	305	150	155
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,410	2,645	2,765	7,310	3,615	3,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,635	1,390	1,240	2,720	1,440	1,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,775	1,255	1,525	4,590	2,180	2,410
Location of study inside Canada	2,660	1,200	1,460	4,115	1,970	2,145
Same as province or territory of residence	2,445	1,135	1,315	2,770	1,270	1,505
Different than province or territory of residence	210	65	145	1,345	700	645
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	120	55	65	475	215	260
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	70	25	40	160	75	80
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	20
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	0	75	40	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	35	15	20	210	95	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,080	4,440	4,640	10,705	5,335	5,370
In the labour force	5,140	2,725	2,420	7,235	3,840	3,395
Employed	4,800	2,530	2,270	6,690	3,525	3,165
Unemployed	345	195	150	545	310	230
Not in the labour force	3,930	1,715	2,220	3,465	1,495	1,970
Participation rate	56.6	61.4	52.2	67.6	72.0	63.2
Employment rate	52.9	57.0	48.9	62.5	66.1	58.9
Unemployment rate	6.7	7.2	6.2	7.5	8.1	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,080	4,435	4,640	10,700	5,330	5,370
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,610	1,585	2,025	2,915	1,240	1,675
Worked	5,470	2,855	2,610	7,785	4,095	3,695
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,190	1,840	1,350	3,595	2,100	1,500
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,275	1,015	1,265	4,190	1,995	2,195
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	44.4	42.5	40.8	41.5	39.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,145	2,725	2,420	7,240	3,835	3,400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	65	35	30	80	45	40
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,085	2,690	2,390	7,155	3,795	3,360
Employee	4,310	2,240	2,070	5,900	3,020	2,880
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	770	450	320	1,260	775	485
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,145	2,725	2,420	7,240	3,840	3,400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	60	35	30	80	45	35
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,080	2,695	2,390	7,155	3,795	3,365
0 Management occupations	610	395	215	945	625	320
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	645	165	480	1,005	260	740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	185	145	40	360	280	75
3 Health occupations	330	35	295	480	60	415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	405	110	295	590	180	415
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	100	45	55	180	65	110
6 Sales and service occupations	1,130	405	730	1,585	570	1,015
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,090	1,000	85	1,450	1,340	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	195	130	65	295	215	85
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	395	260	135	270	200	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,145	2,725	2,420	7,235	3,835	3,395
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	65	35	30	80	45	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,080	2,690	2,390	7,155	3,795	3,360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	335	250	90	275	170	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	190	170	20
22 Utilities	50	50	0	85	60	20
23 Construction	510	455	55	805	675	130
31-33 Manufacturing	630	405	230	590	405	185
41 Wholesale trade	195	160	35	275	200	70
44-45 Retail trade	625	275	355	765	380	380
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	350	250	95	450	350	100
51 Information and cultural industries	40	25	25	85	60	20
52 Finance and insurance	105	25	75	195	60	135
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	25	50	165	65	95
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	150	55	95	465	205	260
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	240	130	115	370	205	165
61 Educational services	210	60	145	420	115	300
62 Health care and social assistance	580	90	490	695	115	580
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	185	80	105	160	65	95
72 Accommodation and food services	275	70	200	635	200	430
81 Other services (except public administration)	205	105	100	325	155	175
91 Public administration	310	180	130	225	135	90
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	4,800	2,530	2,270	6,695	3,525	3,165
Worked at home	500	245	255	835	415	420
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	10	15	0
No fixed workplace address	725	560	165	1,225	935	290
Worked at usual place	3,565	1,725	1,840	4,620	2,160	2,455
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,565	1,730	1,840	4,620	2,160	2,460
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,400	660	735	1,050	380	665
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	890	370	525	2,785	1,360	1,425
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,225	675	550	665	320	345
Commute to a different province or territory	60	30	30	125	100	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,290	2,290	2,005	5,845	3,100	2,745
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,805	2,075	1,730	5,075	2,735	2,340
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	205	95	110	265	90	175
Public transit	25	0	20	115	50	60
Walked	180	60	115	145	55	95
Bicycle	35	25	15	25	20	0
Other method	45	30	20	220	145	80
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,290	2,285	2,005	5,845	3,095	2,745
Less than 15 minutes	1,235	615	625	1,540	755	790
15 to 29 minutes	1,230	610	615	2,395	1,295	1,095
30 to 44 minutes	840	420	420	1,390	715	670
45 to 59 minutes	395	255	140	290	160	125
60 minutes and over	590	390	200	230	170	60
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,295	2,290	2,010	5,840	3,095	2,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	480	320	160	400	295	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,240	810	430	1,240	830	405
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,030	530	500	1,725	875	850
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	660	205	460	1,095	445	650
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	255	85	170	620	205	415
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	625	340	285	765	445	325
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,625	2,930	2,695	7,995	4,180	3,810
Single responses	5,580	2,910	2,675	7,975	4,185	3,795
Official languages	5,580	2,905	2,675	7,965	4,180	3,785
English	5,490	2,875	2,615	7,960	4,175	3,785
French	90	30	60	10	10	0
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	25	20	0	20
English and French	40	15	25	20	0	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,620	2,930	2,695	7,995	4,185	3,815
None	5,175	2,715	2,460	7,875	4,120	3,755
English	60	20	45	10	10	0
French	360	180	185	55	30	30
Non-official language	10	0	10	45	20	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	15	0	10	45	25	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	10,615	5,185	5,430	12,595	6,280	6,315
Non-movers	9,775	4,760	5,020	10,660	5,335	5,325
Movers	830	425	405	1,935	950	990
Non-migrants	315	160	160	650	350	300
Migrants	520	275	245	1,285	600	685
Internal migrants	495	265	230	1,245	585	660
Intraprovincial migrants	445	240	205	870	400	475
Interprovincial migrants	50	30	25	375	185	185
External migrants	20	10	15	40	15	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	10,135	4,965	5,170	12,120	6,040	6,080
Non-movers	7,340	3,575	3,765	6,795	3,380	3,415
Movers	2,790	1,390	1,405	5,325	2,660	2,665
Non-migrants	1,255	605	645	1,870	925	940
Migrants	1,540	785	760	3,455	1,735	1,720
Internal migrants	1,525	775	750	3,275	1,660	1,615
Intraprovincial migrants	1,380	705	670	2,250	1,125	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	140	65	75	1,035	540	490
External migrants	20	0	10	180	75	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. South Dundas, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Dundas, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census South Dundas, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Dundas, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia