Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruce--Grey--Owen Sound [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sagamok, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bruce--Grey--Owen Sound Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Sagamok, IRI Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Bruce--Grey--Owen Sound [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Bruce--Grey--Owen Sound [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Sagamok, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	107,679	...	...	1,140	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	106,475	...	...	1,036	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.1	...	...	10.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	58,058	...	...	401	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,360	...	...	383	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17.6	...	...	11.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6,114.05	...	...	98.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	107,680	52,980	54,700	1,140	575	565
0 to 14 years	16,295	8,325	7,970	315	155	155
0 to 4 years	5,350	2,725	2,620	120	55	60
5 to 9 years	5,535	2,840	2,700	100	50	50
10 to 14 years	5,410	2,760	2,650	95	50	45
15 to 64 years	65,450	32,445	33,005	705	350	350
15 to 19 years	5,860	3,050	2,805	85	50	45
20 to 24 years	5,565	2,850	2,725	95	45	40
25 to 29 years	5,175	2,640	2,535	65	30	35
30 to 34 years	5,280	2,655	2,625	65	40	25
35 to 39 years	5,265	2,615	2,645	45	25	20
40 to 44 years	5,325	2,650	2,675	70	30	40
45 to 49 years	6,240	3,000	3,240	100	45	55
50 to 54 years	8,465	4,135	4,330	70	35	35
55 to 59 years	9,195	4,445	4,750	55	35	20
60 to 64 years	9,080	4,405	4,675	55	20	30
65 years and over	25,935	12,205	13,730	125	65	60
65 to 69 years	8,565	4,210	4,350	55	35	25
70 to 74 years	6,245	3,100	3,145	35	10	20
75 to 79 years	4,470	2,170	2,305	15	10	5
80 to 84 years	3,295	1,465	1,825	5	5	5
85 years and over	3,365	1,260	2,105	10	0	5
85 to 89 years	2,145	875	1,270	10	0	5
90 to 94 years	950	320	630	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	230	55	175	0	0	0
100 years and over	40	5	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	15.7	14.6	27.6	27.0	27.4
15 to 64 years	60.8	61.2	60.3	61.8	60.9	61.9
65 years and over	24.1	23.0	25.1	11.0	11.3	10.6
85 years and over	3.1	2.4	3.8	0.9	0.0	0.9
Average age of the population	45.3	44.4	46.1	33.5	33.3	33.7
Median age of the population	49.1	47.9	50.2	30.6	30.3	31.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,360	...	...	385	...	...
Single-detached house	36,085	...	...	300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	905	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,885	...	...	80	...	...
Semi-detached house	835	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	1,530	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	670	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,675	...	...	20	...	...
Other single-attached house	170	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	480	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
1 person	12,685	...	...	80	...	...
2 persons	18,675	...	...	105	...	...
3 persons	5,890	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	5,015	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	3,100	...	...	70	...	...
Number of persons in private households	105,190	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	91,385	44,650	46,735	830	415	410
Married or living common law	56,975	28,450	28,530	420	210	210
Married	47,535	23,745	23,790	250	125	125
Living common law	9,440	4,700	4,735	165	85	85
Not married and not living common law	34,410	16,205	18,205	410	205	200
Never married	19,705	11,090	8,615	320	175	145
Separated	2,560	1,190	1,375	25	15	10
Divorced	5,405	2,400	3,005	25	10	10
Widowed	6,740	1,530	5,205	45	5	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	32,155	...	...	315	...	...
2 persons	19,215	...	...	135	...	...
3 persons	5,655	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	4,740	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	2,545	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	32,160	...	...	320	...	...
Total couple families	27,965	...	...	210	...	...
Married couples	23,250	...	...	125	...	...
Common-law couples	4,720	...	...	80	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,190	...	...	110	...	...
Female parent	3,250	...	...	85	...	...
Male parent	940	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	27,965	...	...	205	...	...
Couples without children	16,610	...	...	70	...	...
Couples with children	11,355	...	...	130	...	...
1 child	4,500	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	4,415	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	2,435	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,185	...	...	110	...	...
1 child	2,605	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	1,155	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	435	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,655	7,940	8,720	145	75	75
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
One-census-family households	31,020	...	...	280	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	16,130	...	...	65	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,895	...	...	210	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	560	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,775	...	...	85	...	...
One-person households	12,680	...	...	80	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,095	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	106,175	52,410	53,765	1,140	575	565
English only	100,085	49,805	50,280	1,135	570	565
French only	25	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	5,435	2,300	3,135	0	5	0
Neither English nor French	635	290	340	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	106,175	52,410	53,765	1,140	575	565
English	104,715	51,740	52,980	1,135	570	565
French	790	355	435	0	0	0
English and French	60	40	25	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	610	280	330	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	820	375	445	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	106,175	52,410	53,765	1,140	575	565
Single responses	105,615	52,135	53,480	1,080	545	535
Official languages	98,195	48,495	49,700	795	405	390
English	97,325	48,095	49,230	795	405	390
French	865	400	470	0	0	0
Non-official languages	7,420	3,640	3,775	285	145	145
Aboriginal languages	225	105	120	285	135	145
Algonquian languages	215	100	115	280	140	145
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	210	100	115	280	140	140
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	210	100	115	280	140	145
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,195	3,540	3,660	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	40	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	20	80	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	15	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,405	3,195	3,210	0	0	0
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	655	315	340	0	0	0
Baltic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Latvian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	610	300	315	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Czech	65	35	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	205	100	110	0	0	0
Russian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Serbian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,835	2,385	2,445	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	60	35	25	0	0	0
Dutch	1,080	535	550	0	0	0
Frisian	15	5	10	0	0	0
German	3,630	1,785	1,850	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	70	40	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	110	105	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	170	90	85	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	610	335	275	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	215	130	80	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	105	90	0	0	0
Romanian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Spanish	155	70	90	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	95	35	60	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Cantonese	70	35	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	205	100	105	0	0	0
Estonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Finnish	50	30	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	565	275	290	60	30	30
English and French	155	75	85	5	0	5
English and non-official language	385	190	195	45	25	20
French and non-official language	10	5	10	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	106,175	52,405	53,765	1,140	575	565
Single responses	105,300	51,995	53,305	1,115	565	550
Official languages	101,880	50,310	51,570	1,010	510	500
English	101,665	50,210	51,450	1,010	505	500
French	220	105	120	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,420	1,680	1,740	110	60	55
Aboriginal languages	55	25	35	110	55	50
Algonquian languages	55	25	30	105	55	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	50	25	30	110	55	50
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	55	20	30	105	55	50
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,365	1,660	1,705	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	35	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,000	1,495	1,505	0	0	0
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	95	85	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	175	95	85	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	40	30	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,560	1,265	1,295	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	285	145	145	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,255	1,115	1,140	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	45	20	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	30	45	0	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	20	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	875	415	460	25	15	10
English and French	55	25	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	800	385	415	20	10	10
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	106,175	52,410	53,765	1,140	575	565
None	102,175	50,555	51,615	830	410	425
English	1,230	605	620	85	45	40
French	855	345	510	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,845	860	985	220	125	100
Aboriginal	170	80	90	225	125	100
Non-Aboriginal	1,670	780	890	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	88,950	43,695	45,260	820	410	410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,185	42,410	43,780	750	370	380
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,494	36,334	25,965	17,781	17,760	17,792
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,225	42,415	43,815	750	365	385
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,004	32,920	24,327	17,760	17,696	17,792
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,165	38,570	38,590	455	215	240
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,053	33,264	21,481	18,560	19,456	16,448
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,110	30,385	34,725	680	330	355
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,432	8,344	8,537	6,800	3,477	8,213
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,060	31,475	28,590	405	195	210
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,457	31,662	23,644	22,016	24,640	19,904
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	88,955	43,665	45,290	815	410	410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,100	42,335	43,765	750	370	385
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,484	47,367	33,827	23,141	23,462	22,830
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,135	42,340	43,800	750	365	385
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,556	39,664	29,618	22,191	21,886	22,485
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,110	38,515	38,590	455	215	240
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,563	45,121	30,018	24,838	28,559	21,461
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,225	30,450	34,780	680	330	355
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,035	8,777	9,261	8,974	7,588	10,266
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,060	31,280	28,785	405	195	215
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,242	41,461	30,571	26,100	29,634	22,833
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	88,950	43,665	45,285	820	410	410
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	28,390	16,215	12,175	180	75	100
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,970	48,870	41,343	37,163	42,368	36,480
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,679	57,135	46,742	42,281	50,649	35,837
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.1	86.6	78.3	65.1	70.7	58.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.9	65.9	58.8	60.5	66.6	56.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.9	13.4	21.7	35.2	28.8	42.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	88,955	43,695	45,260	815	410	410
Without total income	2,765	1,285	1,480	65	40	25
With total income	86,190	42,410	43,780	750	370	380
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.1	96.7	92.0	90.2	92.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,210	4,860	6,345	235	130	100
$10,000 to $19,999	17,175	6,970	10,205	190	80	110
$20,000 to $29,999	14,100	6,030	8,070	110	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	11,245	5,260	5,990	75	35	35
$40,000 to $49,999	9,345	4,825	4,515	60	15	45
$50,000 to $59,999	6,690	3,880	2,815	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,690	2,900	1,790	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,110	1,955	1,150	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,175	1,355	825	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,805	1,005	805	5	10	0
$100,000 and over	4,635	3,365	1,270	10	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	3,210	2,270	940	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	1,430	1,095	335	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	88,955	43,695	45,260	815	410	405
Without after-tax income	2,725	1,280	1,450	65	45	25
With after-tax income	86,225	42,410	43,815	750	370	385
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.1	96.8	92.0	90.2	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,700	4,965	6,735	235	130	105
$10,000 to $19,999	17,850	7,245	10,600	190	80	110
$20,000 to $29,999	16,315	7,130	9,185	115	60	55
$30,000 to $39,999	13,090	6,465	6,625	75	35	40
$40,000 to $49,999	9,855	5,435	4,430	65	20	40
$50,000 to $59,999	6,250	3,835	2,415	35	15	20
$60,000 to $69,999	3,685	2,325	1,360	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,670	1,560	1,110	15	10	5
$80,000 and over	4,805	3,450	1,355	10	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,700	1,090	615	10	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	935	710	220	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	2,170	1,650	520	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	88,950	43,690	45,260	815	410	410
Without employment income	28,890	12,220	16,675	410	215	195
With employment income	60,065	31,475	28,590	410	195	215
Percentage with employment income	67.5	72.0	63.2	50.3	47.6	52.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,830	5,680	5,145	90	45	45
$5,000 to $9,999	5,325	2,305	3,025	50	25	30
$10,000 to $19,999	8,445	3,850	4,595	55	20	35
$20,000 to $29,999	7,280	3,270	4,010	65	30	30
$30,000 to $39,999	6,945	3,295	3,645	50	20	30
$40,000 to $49,999	5,785	3,015	2,770	40	15	30
$50,000 to $59,999	4,305	2,660	1,640	25	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,930	1,875	1,060	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,955	1,270	685	0	0	0
$80,000 and over	6,265	4,250	2,015	20	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,530	945	585	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,460	775	685	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	3,275	2,530	745	10	10	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,360	...	...	385	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,856	...	...	34,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,963	...	...	34,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,680	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,051	...	...	16,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,043	...	...	16,416	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	32,680	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,459	...	...	43,392	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,472	...	...	42,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,360	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,847	...	...	45,376	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,620	...	...	43,513	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,660	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,481	...	...	19,313	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,106	...	...	18,663	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,700	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,539	...	...	52,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,434	...	...	49,868	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
Under $5,000	590	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	580	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,430	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,065	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,430	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,055	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,480	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,375	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,195	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,035	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,095	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,680	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,210	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,785	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,380	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,970	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,125	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,660	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,510	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,670	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,360	...	...	385	...	...
Under $5,000	650	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	585	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,475	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,120	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,690	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,335	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,730	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,640	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,565	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,500	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,715	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,050	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,545	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,825	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,165	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,755	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,745	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,865	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,150	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,900	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,434	...	...	41,941	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,410	...	...	41,856	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	15,830	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,892	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,940	...	...	40,832	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,500	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,165	...	...	57,984	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,320	...	...	56,960	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,890	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,286	...	...	27,584	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,935	...	...	27,200	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,900	...	...	300	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,601	...	...	51,877	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,420	...	...	49,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15,890	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,046	...	...	54,448	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,973	...	...	51,492	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,530	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,874	...	...	64,677	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,511	...	...	62,019	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,860	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,229	...	...	32,184	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,198	...	...	31,316	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,050	7,225	7,825	85	55	35
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,880	30,129	26,442	16,032	13,877	17,728
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,011	27,511	25,067	16,032	13,877	17,728
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,080	7,270	7,810	85	55	35
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,489	44,331	34,983	18,865	19,520	17,872
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,604	36,614	30,802	18,254	18,742	17,514
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	105,190	51,985	53,205	1,135	565	560
In the bottom half of the distribution	59,810	28,880	30,930	955	480	475
In the bottom decile	10,580	5,155	5,425	380	195	185
In the second decile	13,040	5,915	7,125	245	130	115
In the third decile	12,795	6,140	6,655	145	65	80
In the fourth decile	11,965	5,915	6,050	125	65	65
In the fifth decile	11,435	5,755	5,675	60	30	30
In the top half of the distribution	45,375	23,105	22,275	175	90	90
In the sixth decile	10,780	5,445	5,335	65	35	35
In the seventh decile	10,100	5,145	4,955	40	25	20
In the eighth decile	9,310	4,700	4,610	50	25	25
In the ninth decile	8,575	4,365	4,215	0	5	0
In the top decile	6,615	3,450	3,165	10	5	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	103,535	51,180	52,355	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	19,215	9,865	9,350	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	6,300	3,220	3,090	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	60,405	29,800	30,610	0	0	0
65 years and over	23,915	11,515	12,400	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	16,515	7,665	8,855	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	4,005	1,970	2,035	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,580	785	800	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,185	4,350	4,835	0	0	0
65 years and over	3,325	1,340	1,985	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	15.0	16.9	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	20.8	20.0	21.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	25.1	24.4	25.9	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	15.2	14.6	15.8	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	13.9	11.6	16.0	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,325	2,685	2,640	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,105	545	560	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	450	230	215	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,855	1,980	1,880	0	0	0
65 years and over	365	165	205	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	5.2	5.0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	5.8	5.5	6.0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	7.1	7.0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.6	6.1	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.4	1.7	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	105,185	51,985	53,205	1,130	570	560
Official languages	104,540	51,695	52,845	1,130	570	560
English	104,505	51,675	52,830	1,130	570	560
French	5,470	2,235	3,235	0	10	0
Non-official languages	9,375	4,495	4,885	430	220	210
Aboriginal languages	400	170	225	430	220	205
Algonquian languages	375	165	215	430	220	205
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	370	165	205	425	220	210
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	370	165	205	425	215	210
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,980	4,325	4,655	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	220	120	100	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	215	120	95	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	150	80	70	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	20	25	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	35	85	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	10	80	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	30	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,765	3,790	3,975	0	0	0
Albanian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	680	325	355	0	0	0
Baltic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Latvian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	620	290	325	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Czech	55	30	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Polish	195	90	105	0	0	0
Russian	90	55	40	0	0	0
Serbian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	0	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,590	2,750	2,840	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	20	10	0	0	0
Danish	65	35	30	0	0	0
Dutch	1,565	755	805	0	0	0
Frisian	25	15	10	0	0	0
German	4,345	2,120	2,215	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	135	55	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	90	90	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	165	75	85	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	30	20	0	0	0
Hindi	80	35	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	20	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,285	620	660	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	305	165	140	0	0	0
Portuguese	235	130	110	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Spanish	765	340	420	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	125	55	75	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	35	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	160	60	100	0	0	0
American Sign Language	55	20	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	110	40	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	280	125	155	0	0	0
Chinese languages	280	125	150	0	0	0
Cantonese	145	75	75	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	65	90	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	25	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	175	80	90	0	0	0
Estonian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Finnish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	80	25	55	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	105,185	51,985	53,205	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	103,595	51,275	52,320	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,525	10,030	9,490	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	84,075	41,245	42,830	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,590	710	885	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	105,190	51,985	53,205	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	97,140	48,075	49,065	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,885	3,825	4,060	0	0	0
Before 1981	5,240	2,610	2,635	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	745	345	400	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	745	375	370	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	800	360	440	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	430	190	240	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	370	175	195	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	350	130	220	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	160	80	80	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,885	3,825	4,060	0	0	0
Under 5 years	1,230	575	655	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,715	930	785	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	2,070	940	1,130	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,510	1,210	1,300	0	0	0
45 years and over	360	170	190	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,885	3,825	4,060	0	0	0
Americas	1,280	595	685	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	55	35	20	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	65	50	15	0	0	0
Mexico	145	100	50	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	15	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	785	315	465	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	150	65	80	0	0	0
Europe	5,600	2,790	2,805	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	95	35	60	0	0	0
France	45	20	25	0	0	0
Germany	870	435	430	0	0	0
Greece	50	30	20	0	0	0
Hungary	45	35	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Italy	160	110	55	0	0	0
Netherlands	755	400	360	0	0	0
Poland	165	75	90	0	0	0
Portugal	125	70	50	0	0	0
Romania	45	25	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	20	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,500	1,200	1,305	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	550	280	270	0	0	0
Africa	190	105	80	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	30	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	45	45	0	0	0
Asia	765	315	450	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	45	65	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	15	20	0	0	0
India	165	80	85	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	110	45	65	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	90	20	75	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	20	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	35	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	55	20	35	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	350	130	215	0	0	0
Americas	110	45	65	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	95	30	60	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	95	50	45	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	25	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	135	40	90	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	10	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	105,185	51,985	53,200	1,130	570	565
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,285	4,005	4,275	15	10	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	12,990	6,395	6,595	15	10	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	83,910	41,580	42,335	1,105	550	550
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,750	1,270	1,485	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,350	655	695	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	535	365	170	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	815	290	530	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,060	465	600	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	295	135	160	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	105,185	51,985	53,205	1,135	570	565
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,450	2,065	2,385	1,115	560	555
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,330	2,000	2,335	1,110	560	555
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,080	1,430	1,650	1,110	555	550
Métis	1,235	560	670	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	40	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	100,740	49,920	50,820	15	10	0
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	105,190	51,985	53,205	1,135	565	565
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,410	1,125	1,290	1,085	545	540
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	102,775	50,860	51,915	45	25	20
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	105,190	51,985	53,200	1,135	570	560
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,750	845	900	1,045	525	520
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,745	840	900	1,045	525	520
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,600	780	815	1,045	525	520
Métis single ancestry	140	55	85	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,010	1,910	2,095	70	40	35
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,895	1,875	2,025	65	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,675	1,290	1,380	70	40	30
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,160	560	605	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	110	40	70	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	40	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	99,430	49,225	50,205	15	10	10
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	105,190	51,985	53,205	1,130	570	560
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,105	1,020	1,085	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	365	175	190	0	0	0
Chinese	330	155	175	0	0	0
Black	545	265	280	0	0	0
Filipino	155	40	115	0	0	0
Latin American	65	45	25	0	0	0
Arab	170	95	75	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	75	60	20	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Korean	145	60	85	0	0	0
Japanese	60	35	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	110	45	60	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	60	25	40	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	103,085	50,960	52,120	1,125	565	565
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	105,185	51,985	53,205	1,130	570	560
North American Aboriginal origins	5,755	2,760	3,000	1,115	560	555
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,380	2,115	2,265	1,115	560	555
Inuit	75	35	50	0	0	0
Métis	1,415	660	760	0	10	0
Other North American origins	37,915	18,445	19,470	0	10	10
Acadian	135	75	60	0	0	0
American	1,045	495	550	0	0	0
Canadian	37,015	17,990	19,025	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	125	60	70	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Québécois	30	25	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	82,180	40,610	41,570	65	30	30
British Isles origins	64,220	31,575	32,640	15	0	10
Channel Islander	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	10	0	0	0	0
English	38,565	18,500	20,070	0	0	10
Irish	27,965	13,465	14,495	10	0	10
Manx	20	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish	32,570	15,995	16,575	10	0	10
Welsh	1,955	870	1,085	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,465	1,105	1,350	0	0	0
French origins	8,385	4,020	4,370	35	15	15
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,385	4,020	4,365	35	15	15
Western European origins (except French origins)	29,095	14,370	14,725	15	10	0
Austrian	545	240	300	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	380	175	205	0	0	0
Dutch	7,315	3,625	3,695	0	0	0
Flemish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Frisian	55	35	20	0	0	0
German	22,095	10,855	11,235	15	10	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,145	580	560	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,075	1,045	1,025	0	0	0
Danish	565	305	260	0	0	0
Finnish	345	180	170	0	0	0
Icelandic	90	40	50	0	0	0
Norwegian	555	290	270	0	0	0
Swedish	575	270	305	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	45	40	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	6,365	3,065	3,305	0	10	0
Bulgarian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	280	130	155	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	15	50	0	0	0
Estonian	145	75	70	0	0	0
Hungarian	825	365	460	0	0	0
Latvian	205	120	80	0	0	0
Lithuanian	135	65	75	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,375	1,150	1,220	0	10	0
Romanian	300	180	115	0	0	0
Russian	730	360	365	0	0	0
Slovak	145	75	70	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,985	925	1,070	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,205	2,255	1,945	10	0	0
Albanian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	205	100	105	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	315	180	135	0	0	0
Italian	2,295	1,205	1,090	0	0	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Maltese	160	95	65	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	540	280	255	0	0	0
Serbian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Sicilian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	105	45	65	10	0	0
Spanish	450	230	215	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	115	75	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	490	215	270	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	255	90	165	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	210	105	105	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	585	290	295	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	25	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	295	155	135	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	35	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	435	235	200	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	55	30	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	220	130	85	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	10	25	0	0	0
African origins	540	215	325	10	10	10
Central and West African origins	25	20	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	100	60	40	10	0	0
Algerian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Libyan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	75	30	45	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
South African	60	30	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	335	110	230	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	15	70	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	255	95	165	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,730	825	905	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	360	205	155	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	65	65	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	10	25	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	35	20	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	20	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	450	220	225	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	380	185	190	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	45	15	30	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	930	410	525	0	10	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	440	210	225	0	0	0
Filipino	170	50	115	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	85	45	40	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	145	60	85	0	10	10
Laotian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	45	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	105	65	40	0	0	0
Australian	40	30	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	50	25	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	45	25	25	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
Owner	35,110	...	...	235	...	...
Renter	10,205	...	...	100	...	...
Band housing	50	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
Condominium	1,025	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	44,335	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,900	...	...	50	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,865	...	...	120	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,100	...	...	170	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,405	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,360	...	...	385	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,810	...	...	120	...	...
5 rooms	6,020	...	...	100	...	...
6 rooms	7,885	...	...	65	...	...
7 rooms	7,235	...	...	50	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,410	...	...	45	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,155	...	...	365	...	...
More than 1 person per room	210	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
Suitable	44,285	...	...	330	...	...
Not suitable	1,075	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,360	...	...	385	...	...
1960 or before	17,045	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,200	...	...	95	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,235	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,825	...	...	110	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,140	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,300	...	...	45	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,610	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,360	...	...	385	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	41,975	...	...	275	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,385	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,360	...	...	380	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,555	...	...	250	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,165	...	...	125	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,360	...	...	385	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,035	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,535	...	...	60	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,765	...	...	75	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,000	...	...	90	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,425	...	...	70	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,960	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,805	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	1,835	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	42,460	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,010	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,455	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,385	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,530	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	929	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,092	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,547	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	316,645	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,010	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	820	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	847	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	88,955	43,665	45,285	820	410	410
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,470	10,895	9,575	300	165	130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25,610	12,455	13,160	140	80	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,870	20,315	22,555	380	165	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,335	6,090	2,245	115	90	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,505	2,195	1,310	80	60	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,830	3,890	935	35	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,325	8,385	12,940	195	60	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,690	780	905	25	0	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,530	5,060	6,470	45	10	30
Bachelor's degree	7,775	3,195	4,585	40	10	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,045	440	605	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	430	280	150	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,020	995	1,025	0	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	250	150	105	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	53,490	26,305	27,180	515	250	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,535	5,035	3,500	120	70	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,475	7,840	7,625	80	45	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,485	13,430	16,055	320	140	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,295	3,925	1,370	95	70	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,190	1,425	770	70	50	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,105	2,505	600	25	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,635	6,080	9,555	170	50	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	795	385	410	20	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,765	3,035	4,720	35	10	25
Bachelor's degree	5,350	2,045	3,305	30	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	660	220	430	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	140	140	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,360	575	785	0	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	120	60	60	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	88,955	43,665	45,290	815	410	410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	46,080	23,350	22,730	440	245	195
Education	3,050	805	2,245	15	0	15
13. Education	3,055	805	2,250	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,480	670	805	0	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	185	20	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,270	485	785	0	0	0
Humanities	1,985	790	1,190	15	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	115	20	95	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	545	175	365	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	435	175	265	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	50	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	395	230	165	0	0	0
54. History	275	125	145	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	110	10	95	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,800	1,095	2,705	45	10	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	10	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	240	115	130	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,195	60	1,135	30	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	615	195	420	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	10	115	0	0	0
42. Psychology	555	140	415	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,050	575	475	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	6,920	2,220	4,700	70	10	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	780	150	635	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,120	2,065	4,050	35	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,000	550	445	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	435	175	260	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	205	110	95	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	285	220	55	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	40	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	860	465	390	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	560	315	245	0	0	0
25. Library science	80	15	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	195	130	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,865	9,300	570	90	80	10
04. Architecture and related services	220	170	50	0	0	0
14. Engineering	715	635	75	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,080	1,815	255	25	20	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,610	2,570	40	40	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,945	2,870	75	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,305	1,240	70	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,645	1,165	475	15	15	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,190	810	375	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	455	355	100	15	10	0
Health and related fields	8,480	1,295	7,185	65	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	720	295	425	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,665	935	6,725	60	0	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	60	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,775	1,950	1,820	55	35	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,960	445	1,515	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,020	770	245	15	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	770	710	60	30	30	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	53,490	26,305	27,185	520	250	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	24,005	12,875	11,130	195	110	85
Education	1,745	445	1,300	10	0	10
13. Education	1,750	450	1,300	15	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,050	435	615	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	115	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	910	315	590	10	10	0
Humanities	1,265	510	760	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	10	65	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	335	100	235	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	280	125	150	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	25	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	265	160	110	0	0	0
54. History	170	80	85	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,755	625	2,125	35	10	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	80	105	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	970	40	930	25	10	25
22. Legal professions and studies	515	130	385	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	95	10	85	0	0	0
42. Psychology	360	75	285	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	620	295	320	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,825	1,415	3,410	60	10	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	600	100	500	30	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,210	1,315	2,895	30	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	675	360	315	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	315	130	190	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	70	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	160	120	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	35	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	635	340	295	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	460	265	195	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	10	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	120	70	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,615	6,185	435	70	65	10
04. Architecture and related services	135	95	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	360	305	55	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,460	1,265	195	25	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,785	1,755	25	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,965	1,905	55	0	10	0
48. Precision production	910	850	60	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,205	845	365	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	875	590	280	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	335	250	80	15	10	0
Health and related fields	5,935	830	5,105	60	10	50
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	520	205	315	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,350	585	4,760	50	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	40	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,750	1,435	1,320	50	35	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,370	315	1,055	10	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	795	585	210	15	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	520	55	30	30	0
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	88,950	43,665	45,285	815	410	410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	46,080	23,350	22,730	440	245	195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	42,875	20,320	22,555	380	165	210
Location of study inside Canada	39,965	18,760	21,210	375	165	210
Same as province or territory of residence	38,215	18,000	20,210	370	160	210
Different than province or territory of residence	1,755	760	995	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,905	1,560	1,345	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	850	435	410	0	0	0
Philippines	60	20	45	0	0	0
India	80	30	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	750	420	325	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	0	25	0	0	0
France	15	15	10	0	0	0
Other	1,125	640	485	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	53,485	26,305	27,180	520	250	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,005	12,875	11,130	195	110	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	29,485	13,430	16,055	320	140	180
Location of study inside Canada	27,945	12,675	15,270	315	140	175
Same as province or territory of residence	26,710	12,160	14,550	315	140	175
Different than province or territory of residence	1,240	515	720	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,540	750	790	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	545	270	275	0	0	0
Philippines	45	10	35	0	0	0
India	65	25	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	265	145	125	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	20	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	590	300	285	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	88,950	43,670	45,285	820	410	405
In the labour force	53,730	27,935	25,795	365	185	180
Employed	50,375	26,220	24,160	295	145	150
Unemployed	3,355	1,715	1,640	75	40	30
Not in the labour force	35,220	15,735	19,490	450	230	220
Participation rate	60.4	64.0	57.0	44.5	45.1	44.4
Employment rate	56.6	60.0	53.4	36.0	35.4	37.0
Unemployment rate	6.2	6.1	6.4	20.5	21.6	16.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	88,955	43,665	45,285	820	410	405
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	32,055	14,205	17,845	455	235	215
Worked	56,895	29,460	27,445	365	175	190
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	29,355	16,770	12,585	190	80	105
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,540	12,685	14,855	175	95	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.6	42.6	39.2	37.8	40.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	53,730	27,930	25,800	370	185	180
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	735	335	395	25	10	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	53,000	27,590	25,405	345	170	175
Employee	43,580	21,835	21,745	335	165	170
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,415	5,755	3,660	0	0	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	53,730	27,935	25,800	370	185	185
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	730	335	390	20	10	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	52,995	27,595	25,405	345	170	170
0 Management occupations	6,330	4,055	2,270	30	15	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,195	1,265	4,935	50	10	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,935	1,570	370	10	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,120	645	3,475	15	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,290	1,635	3,650	70	10	55
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,300	545	750	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	11,950	4,410	7,540	60	30	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,025	9,365	665	85	80	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,085	1,515	565	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,780	2,590	1,190	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	53,730	27,930	25,795	365	180	185
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	735	340	395	25	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	52,995	27,590	25,405	340	170	175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,575	2,450	1,125	0	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	470	420	50	20	15	10
22 Utilities	1,160	1,005	155	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,315	4,710	610	45	45	0
31-33 Manufacturing	6,175	4,285	1,895	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,330	1,000	325	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,450	2,750	3,700	20	10	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,030	1,450	580	20	25	10
51 Information and cultural industries	640	375	260	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,225	340	885	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	760	395	365	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,125	1,005	1,120	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,145	1,210	935	25	20	10
61 Educational services	2,860	805	2,055	25	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	7,340	1,000	6,345	80	10	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,215	555	665	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,405	1,245	2,155	15	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,575	1,340	1,240	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,185	1,255	930	60	25	35
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50,375	26,215	24,160	295	140	150
Worked at home	6,345	3,465	2,880	10	10	10
Worked outside Canada	90	60	30	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,395	4,840	1,550	60	50	10
Worked at usual place	37,555	17,855	19,700	230	85	145
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,555	17,850	19,695	230	85	140
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,100	6,660	8,440	15	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,790	5,240	6,550	15	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,495	5,850	4,645	195	75	125
Commute to a different province or territory	165	110	60	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	43,940	22,690	21,245	285	135	150
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,095	19,420	17,680	215	90	120
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,845	1,445	1,405	45	25	20
Public transit	300	75	225	0	0	0
Walked	2,915	1,300	1,620	20	10	10
Bicycle	340	230	115	0	0	0
Other method	435	225	210	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	43,940	22,695	21,250	285	135	150
Less than 15 minutes	16,435	7,570	8,870	180	65	115
15 to 29 minutes	13,520	6,580	6,935	20	15	0
30 to 44 minutes	7,185	3,740	3,445	30	20	10
45 to 59 minutes	2,665	1,700	960	15	10	10
60 minutes and over	4,145	3,105	1,035	35	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	43,940	22,690	21,245	280	135	150
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,435	2,375	1,065	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,210	5,415	2,795	15	10	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,940	6,705	5,235	60	25	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,235	3,210	6,025	120	35	80
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,195	1,365	2,830	20	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,925	3,620	3,305	55	35	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	58,435	30,185	28,250	395	195	205
Single responses	58,330	30,140	28,190	385	190	195
Official languages	57,685	29,780	27,900	385	190	200
English	57,510	29,725	27,785	385	190	195
French	175	55	120	0	0	0
Non-official languages	645	355	290	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	635	355	280	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	610	340	270	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	605	335	265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	105	50	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	505	290	215	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	45	60	10	10	10
English and French	30	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	30	45	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	58,435	30,185	28,250	395	190	205
None	57,235	29,645	27,585	345	175	170
English	340	180	160	0	0	10
French	450	150	300	0	0	0
Non-official language	390	195	195	45	15	25
Aboriginal	60	15	45	45	15	30
Non-Aboriginal	330	185	150	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	104,115	51,430	52,680	1,110	555	550
Non-movers	93,310	46,130	47,185	990	495	490
Movers	10,800	5,305	5,500	115	55	60
Non-migrants	4,335	2,080	2,255	75	35	40
Migrants	6,465	3,215	3,245	45	20	20
Internal migrants	6,230	3,125	3,105	45	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	5,860	2,930	2,935	40	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	370	200	170	0	0	0
External migrants	240	90	145	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	99,775	49,210	50,565	1,010	510	500
Non-movers	68,510	34,090	34,425	720	370	350
Movers	31,265	15,120	16,145	290	135	150
Non-migrants	12,855	6,180	6,675	145	70	75
Migrants	18,410	8,945	9,465	140	70	75
Internal migrants	17,895	8,685	9,210	135	65	75
Intraprovincial migrants	17,120	8,285	8,835	130	60	70
Interprovincial migrants	775	400	375	10	0	0
External migrants	510	250	255	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bruce--Grey--Owen Sound [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sagamok, IRI [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruce--Grey--Owen Sound [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sagamok, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bruce--Grey--Owen Sound [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sagamok, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruce--Grey--Owen Sound [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sagamok, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario