Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham-Kent--Leamington [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Inuvik, Town [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Chatham-Kent--Leamington Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Inuvik, T Northwest Territories [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Chatham-Kent--Leamington [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Chatham-Kent--Leamington [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Inuvik, Town [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	109,619	...	...	3,243	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	111,866	...	...	3,463	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.0	...	...	-6.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	48,494	...	...	1,477	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	44,647	...	...	1,181	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	53.6	...	...	51.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,046.28	...	...	62.48	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	109,620	53,595	56,025	3,245	1,595	1,645
0 to 14 years	18,365	9,510	8,860	775	395	380
0 to 4 years	5,765	3,000	2,770	295	150	145
5 to 9 years	6,250	3,240	3,010	275	145	130
10 to 14 years	6,355	3,275	3,080	210	100	110
15 to 64 years	68,655	34,030	34,625	2,245	1,100	1,150
15 to 19 years	6,585	3,290	3,295	220	100	115
20 to 24 years	6,265	3,155	3,110	225	100	120
25 to 29 years	5,770	2,935	2,830	265	120	150
30 to 34 years	6,055	2,965	3,090	265	120	150
35 to 39 years	6,005	3,050	2,950	295	140	155
40 to 44 years	6,170	3,025	3,145	210	95	110
45 to 49 years	6,810	3,355	3,450	175	100	80
50 to 54 years	8,550	4,195	4,355	235	125	110
55 to 59 years	8,715	4,265	4,450	190	90	100
60 to 64 years	7,740	3,795	3,945	165	100	70
65 years and over	22,595	10,055	12,540	225	110	115
65 to 69 years	7,220	3,485	3,730	95	50	50
70 to 74 years	5,185	2,485	2,695	55	30	25
75 to 79 years	3,850	1,755	2,090	30	10	20
80 to 84 years	2,900	1,220	1,675	25	15	10
85 years and over	3,440	1,100	2,335	20	5	15
85 to 89 years	2,085	770	1,315	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	1,085	275	810	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	245	60	190	0	5	0
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.8	17.7	15.8	23.9	24.8	23.1
15 to 64 years	62.6	63.5	61.8	69.2	69.0	69.9
65 years and over	20.6	18.8	22.4	6.9	6.9	7.0
85 years and over	3.1	2.1	4.2	0.6	0.3	0.9
Average age of the population	42.9	41.7	44.1	33.4	33.7	33.2
Median age of the population	44.7	43.2	46.1	32.6	33.4	31.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	44,650	...	...	1,180	...	...
Single-detached house	32,675	...	...	510	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,795	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10,045	...	...	670	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,935	...	...	80	...	...
Row house	1,960	...	...	235	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	885	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,185	...	...	320	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	44,650	...	...	1,180	...	...
1 person	12,875	...	...	340	...	...
2 persons	16,685	...	...	315	...	...
3 persons	6,170	...	...	185	...	...
4 persons	5,405	...	...	185	...	...
5 or more persons	3,510	...	...	155	...	...
Number of persons in private households	106,030	...	...	3,125	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	91,250	44,085	47,165	2,465	1,200	1,265
Married or living common law	53,605	27,000	26,605	1,265	640	625
Married	46,000	23,210	22,790	740	380	360
Living common law	7,605	3,795	3,820	525	260	260
Not married and not living common law	37,645	17,085	20,560	1,205	565	640
Never married	22,120	11,985	10,130	965	480	485
Separated	2,945	1,275	1,670	75	20	50
Divorced	5,590	2,395	3,190	95	45	55
Widowed	6,990	1,425	5,560	70	20	50
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	31,215	...	...	830	...	...
2 persons	17,050	...	...	355	...	...
3 persons	6,050	...	...	200	...	...
4 persons	5,170	...	...	165	...	...
5 or more persons	2,945	...	...	115	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	31,215	...	...	830	...	...
Total couple families	26,015	...	...	605	...	...
Married couples	22,215	...	...	340	...	...
Common-law couples	3,800	...	...	260	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,200	...	...	230	...	...
Female parent	4,125	...	...	185	...	...
Male parent	1,070	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,015	...	...	605	...	...
Couples without children	13,970	...	...	215	...	...
Couples with children	12,045	...	...	390	...	...
1 child	4,605	...	...	140	...	...
2 children	4,655	...	...	145	...	...
3 or more children	2,790	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,200	...	...	225	...	...
1 child	3,085	...	...	140	...	...
2 children	1,445	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	670	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,810	7,850	8,955	560	280	280
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	44,645	...	...	1,180	...	...
One-census-family households	30,210	...	...	745	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,585	...	...	200	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,625	...	...	545	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	495	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,940	...	...	395	...	...
One-person households	12,875	...	...	340	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,070	...	...	55	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	108,250	53,115	55,135	3,145	1,525	1,615
English only	98,275	48,505	49,770	2,920	1,420	1,495
French only	70	25	45	0	0	0
English and French	8,155	3,660	4,500	225	100	115
Neither English nor French	1,750	925	820	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	108,250	53,115	55,135	3,140	1,530	1,615
English	103,800	50,900	52,900	3,085	1,495	1,590
French	2,510	1,210	1,305	45	20	20
English and French	220	100	120	10	10	5
Neither English nor French	1,715	905	810	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,620	1,255	1,360	50	30	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.4	2.4	2.5	1.6	2.0	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	108,250	53,120	55,135	3,140	1,525	1,615
Single responses	106,885	52,450	54,430	3,100	1,500	1,595
Official languages	90,695	44,495	46,205	2,775	1,360	1,415
English	87,870	43,165	44,705	2,730	1,340	1,390
French	2,825	1,330	1,495	45	20	25
Non-official languages	16,190	7,965	8,230	325	145	185
Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	155	55	95
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	30	5	20
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	5	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	115	40	70
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	100	40	60
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,185	7,960	8,225	175	90	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	900	465	435	35	25	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	895	460	435	35	25	10
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	845	430	410	35	25	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	335	160	170	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	285	140	145	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	285	105	185	55	20	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	10	0	5
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	15	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	80	130	45	15	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	5	0
Creole languages	30	20	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	45	35	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	13,490	6,655	6,835	60	25	35
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	950	400	550	15	10	0
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	935	395	540	10	10	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	15	25	0	5	0
Czech	105	45	60	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	395	170	220	5	0	5
Russian	55	25	35	0	5	0
Serbian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	125	55	75	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	115	40	75	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	7,800	3,755	4,050	5	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	1,055	480	575	0	0	0
Frisian	35	15	15	0	0	0
German	6,590	3,200	3,395	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	35	45	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	140	65	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	415	210	210	35	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	370	185	185	30	15	20
Bengali	20	10	10	15	5	5
Gujarati	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hindi	40	20	20	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	30	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	140	65	75	0	0	5
Iranian languages	45	25	25	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	20	20	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,165	2,215	1,945	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,005	505	500	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,420	700	715	5	5	5
Romanian	85	30	55	0	0	0
Spanish	1,655	980	670	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	50	60	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	10	0	5
Akan (Twi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	415	205	210	0	0	0
Chinese languages	285	135	155	5	5	0
Cantonese	105	50	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	60	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	20	25	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	130	70	60	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	105	60	50	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	255	135	120	0	0	0
Lao	85	40	45	0	0	0
Thai	170	90	80	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	170	75	95	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	5	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,365	660	705	40	25	20
English and French	400	205	200	5	5	0
English and non-official language	900	435	465	30	20	15
French and non-official language	30	10	20	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	108,250	53,115	55,135	3,140	1,525	1,615
Single responses	105,995	52,055	53,945	3,090	1,510	1,585
Official languages	98,700	48,345	50,355	2,970	1,440	1,530
English	98,060	48,055	50,010	2,945	1,425	1,520
French	640	290	345	20	15	10
Non-official languages	7,295	3,705	3,590	120	65	55
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,295	3,705	3,590	100	60	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	430	205	225	25	20	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	430	205	220	25	20	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	415	200	210	20	20	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	240	125	120	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	210	105	100	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	60	65	35	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	50	50	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,790	2,950	2,840	30	20	10
Albanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	105	120	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	220	100	120	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	20	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	120	55	65	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	10	5	5	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,950	1,450	1,495	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	20	35	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,745	1,360	1,385	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	140	65	75	0	0	0
Greek	40	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	280	135	140	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	250	125	125	20	10	10
Bengali	15	5	10	10	10	5
Gujarati	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	110	55	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,290	1,230	1,060	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	325	135	185	0	0	0
Portuguese	665	305	365	5	5	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,275	780	495	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	35	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	300	145	155	0	0	0
Chinese languages	195	85	105	0	0	0
Cantonese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	40	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	110	60	45	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	205	120	85	0	0	0
Lao	65	30	35	0	0	0
Thai	135	90	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,255	1,065	1,190	50	20	30
English and French	260	110	145	5	0	5
English and non-official language	1,945	935	1,010	40	20	20
French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	15	35	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	108,250	53,120	55,135	3,140	1,525	1,615
None	98,050	48,270	49,785	2,830	1,385	1,445
English	3,015	1,495	1,520	80	40	40
French	1,945	805	1,140	25	10	20
Non-official language	5,125	2,495	2,635	195	90	110
Aboriginal	50	30	30	110	50	60
Non-Aboriginal	5,070	2,465	2,610	90	35	50
English and French	10	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	35	35	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	87,690	42,460	45,235	2,350	1,120	1,225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,915	41,320	43,595	2,265	1,090	1,170
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,107	37,371	25,954	51,136	53,600	49,792
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,930	41,320	43,610	2,265	1,090	1,170
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,612	33,728	24,311	46,080	47,659	45,024
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,770	37,435	37,340	2,035	995	1,040
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,897	34,538	21,996	55,808	58,112	53,248
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,420	29,400	35,020	2,205	1,060	1,145
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,065	7,551	8,441	1,072	943	2,336
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,130	32,255	28,880	1,955	965	995
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,985	31,682	23,054	56,128	58,880	53,600
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	87,680	42,460	45,220	2,350	1,125	1,230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,820	41,360	43,460	2,260	1,095	1,170
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,562	45,914	33,517	66,050	67,854	64,370
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,855	41,360	43,500	2,265	1,090	1,170
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,857	38,623	29,324	54,644	55,547	53,803
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,710	37,480	37,220	2,035	995	1,040
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,117	43,997	30,190	67,754	69,954	65,648
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,320	29,290	35,030	2,210	1,060	1,145
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,060	8,532	9,501	5,189	4,092	6,209
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,115	32,100	29,010	1,950	965	995
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,244	39,832	30,167	66,974	68,916	65,088
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	87,680	42,460	45,225	2,350	1,125	1,230
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	27,600	15,880	11,720	1,025	525	505
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,898	50,858	41,048	89,563	89,472	89,600
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,352	58,314	46,629	89,808	90,526	89,063
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.8	86.9	77.2	92.6	94.1	90.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.5	67.9	60.0	87.7	89.5	86.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.2	13.1	22.8	7.6	5.9	9.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	87,695	42,460	45,235	2,350	1,120	1,230
Without total income	2,780	1,140	1,640	90	30	55
With total income	84,915	41,320	43,590	2,260	1,090	1,175
Percentage with total income	96.8	97.3	96.4	96.2	97.3	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,415	4,765	6,650	300	165	135
$10,000 to $19,999	15,810	6,000	9,810	235	95	135
$20,000 to $29,999	13,885	5,680	8,200	255	115	145
$30,000 to $39,999	11,660	5,630	6,035	180	70	105
$40,000 to $49,999	9,605	5,130	4,485	150	80	70
$50,000 to $59,999	6,615	3,825	2,795	125	55	65
$60,000 to $69,999	4,540	2,845	1,695	105	50	55
$70,000 to $79,999	3,180	2,050	1,125	95	50	50
$80,000 to $89,999	2,270	1,430	835	115	55	60
$90,000 to $99,999	1,845	1,060	790	110	40	70
$100,000 and over	4,080	2,905	1,175	595	305	290
$100,000 to $149,999	2,910	2,005	905	465	235	235
$150,000 and over	1,170	900	270	125	75	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	87,690	42,460	45,235	2,350	1,125	1,230
Without after-tax income	2,760	1,140	1,620	85	30	60
With after-tax income	84,930	41,320	43,610	2,265	1,090	1,175
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.3	96.4	96.4	96.9	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,790	4,880	6,910	300	165	135
$10,000 to $19,999	16,585	6,305	10,280	240	100	140
$20,000 to $29,999	16,175	6,915	9,255	285	125	160
$30,000 to $39,999	13,670	6,820	6,850	195	95	100
$40,000 to $49,999	9,910	5,565	4,345	185	90	100
$50,000 to $59,999	6,110	3,815	2,290	140	75	65
$60,000 to $69,999	3,835	2,490	1,345	150	70	80
$70,000 to $79,999	2,685	1,610	1,075	150	60	85
$80,000 and over	4,165	2,915	1,245	625	315	315
$80,000 to $89,999	1,500	975	525	155	60	90
$90,000 to $99,999	855	600	255	150	75	75
$100,000 and over	1,815	1,345	470	315	170	145
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	87,690	42,460	45,235	2,350	1,120	1,225
Without employment income	26,560	10,205	16,350	395	160	240
With employment income	61,135	32,250	28,885	1,955	960	990
Percentage with employment income	69.7	76.0	63.9	83.2	85.7	80.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,635	6,200	5,435	195	80	110
$5,000 to $9,999	5,185	2,280	2,900	125	75	45
$10,000 to $19,999	8,465	3,655	4,810	170	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	7,500	3,405	4,095	165	85	80
$30,000 to $39,999	6,995	3,445	3,550	130	55	75
$40,000 to $49,999	5,780	3,120	2,665	130	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,320	2,650	1,670	100	55	45
$60,000 to $69,999	2,935	1,930	1,015	75	45	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,235	1,495	735	90	45	50
$80,000 and over	6,080	4,070	2,010	770	385	395
$80,000 to $89,999	1,645	1,045	595	120	50	60
$90,000 to $99,999	1,575	880	700	115	45	65
$100,000 and over	2,865	2,145	720	540	280	260
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	44,645	...	...	1,180	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,115	...	...	108,117	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,284	...	...	91,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,875	...	...	340	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,756	...	...	72,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,208	...	...	59,328	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,775	...	...	845	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,396	...	...	131,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,368	...	...	109,739	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,137	...	...	126,508	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,329	...	...	104,662	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,890	...	...	340	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,039	...	...	77,926	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,988	...	...	63,474	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,770	...	...	845	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,187	...	...	146,068	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,044	...	...	121,245	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	44,650	...	...	1,180	...	...
Under $5,000	475	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	590	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,550	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,895	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,330	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,090	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,360	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,330	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,320	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,200	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,140	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,585	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,140	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,740	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,260	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,630	...	...	635	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,140	...	...	135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,470	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,465	...	...	150	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,550	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	44,650	...	...	1,180	...	...
Under $5,000	515	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	600	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,585	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,950	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,655	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,400	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,640	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,720	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,625	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,585	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,700	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,910	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,440	...	...	85	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,685	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,245	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,395	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,480	...	...	165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,865	...	...	105	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,050	...	...	265	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,040	...	...	805	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,400	...	...	128,171	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,401	...	...	108,203	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,375	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,681	...	...	126,123	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,542	...	...	106,752	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,160	...	...	390	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,304	...	...	149,888	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,112	...	...	127,744	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,915	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,249	...	...	80,384	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,227	...	...	72,704	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,005	...	...	805	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,333	...	...	143,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,102	...	...	118,908	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,350	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,152	...	...	146,237	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,826	...	...	120,366	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,170	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,218	...	...	166,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,436	...	...	137,823	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,870	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,179	...	...	91,526	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,444	...	...	78,441	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,215	7,135	8,085	460	235	230
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,011	31,056	27,699	64,128	64,128	64,128
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,892	28,145	25,937	53,760	53,632	54,528
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,195	7,095	8,095	460	235	230
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,510	37,606	35,549	73,794	75,373	72,160
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,743	32,216	31,328	60,361	61,185	59,506
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	106,025	51,945	54,075	3,125	1,515	1,605
In the bottom half of the distribution	61,690	29,415	32,275	1,060	515	550
In the bottom decile	10,690	5,160	5,525	290	140	150
In the second decile	13,395	5,920	7,475	255	125	130
In the third decile	13,725	6,535	7,185	205	95	110
In the fourth decile	12,355	6,045	6,310	130	70	60
In the fifth decile	11,525	5,750	5,775	180	85	100
In the top half of the distribution	44,335	22,535	21,800	2,065	1,005	1,055
In the sixth decile	10,420	5,270	5,155	175	85	90
In the seventh decile	10,065	5,095	4,970	275	125	140
In the eighth decile	9,390	4,805	4,590	310	155	155
In the ninth decile	8,325	4,205	4,125	530	260	270
In the top decile	6,125	3,165	2,965	780	375	400
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	105,630	51,740	53,895	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	22,170	11,410	10,765	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	6,905	3,560	3,350	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	63,000	30,935	32,065	0	0	0
65 years and over	20,455	9,400	11,060	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,170	7,860	9,315	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	4,820	2,475	2,345	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,880	985	895	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,780	4,475	5,310	0	0	0
65 years and over	2,565	910	1,660	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.3	15.2	17.3	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	21.7	21.7	21.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	27.2	27.7	26.7	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.5	16.6	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	12.5	9.7	15.0	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,200	3,570	3,630	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,695	905	795	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	680	365	310	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,150	2,535	2,615	0	0	0
65 years and over	350	130	220	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.8	6.9	6.7	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	7.9	7.4	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	10.3	9.3	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	8.2	8.2	8.2	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	2.0	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	105,970	51,960	54,010	3,125	1,520	1,605
Official languages	104,795	51,405	53,385	3,120	1,520	1,605
English	104,715	51,385	53,330	3,120	1,515	1,605
French	8,220	3,525	4,695	220	105	115
Non-official languages	18,010	8,805	9,200	480	220	255
Aboriginal languages	55	20	40	215	90	130
Algonquian languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	165	65	100
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	155	65	90
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	17,955	8,790	9,165	265	135	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,280	650	630	45	35	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,275	650	625	45	35	10
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,215	620	595	45	35	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	25	0	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	330	175	155	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	85	50	35	10	0	0
Vietnamese	245	125	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	330	115	215	65	25	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	10	0	10
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	310	105	205	60	25	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	30	15	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	30	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	75	40	35	0	0	0
Telugu	40	20	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,710	7,260	7,455	120	55	70
Albanian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	985	410	570	10	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	970	410	560	10	10	0
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	25	50	0	0	0
Czech	110	40	65	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	370	165	205	0	0	0
Russian	85	30	50	0	0	0
Serbian	110	60	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	80	35	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	135	45	90	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	8,600	4,240	4,355	15	10	10
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dutch	1,080	505	580	10	0	0
Frisian	75	30	50	0	0	0
German	7,180	3,605	3,575	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	660	310	355	0	0	0
Greek	150	90	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	520	245	275	45	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages	460	215	240	45	20	20
Bengali	50	25	35	20	10	10
Gujarati	65	25	45	0	0	0
Hindi	135	60	75	25	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	10	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	30	0	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Urdu	175	90	85	10	0	0
Iranian languages	70	30	40	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,880	2,540	2,340	50	15	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,200	595	605	10	0	0
Portuguese	1,700	860	840	10	10	10
Romanian	105	55	55	0	0	0
Spanish	2,000	1,090	910	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	240	90	160	0	0	0
American Sign Language	150	60	90	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	25	65	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	490	240	250	0	0	0
Chinese languages	310	155	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	130	65	70	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	155	85	70	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	20	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	175	85	90	0	0	0
Burmese	55	25	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	150	70	75	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	255	100	155	0	0	0
Lao	110	55	60	0	0	0
Thai	185	75	115	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	200	105	95	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	175	100	80	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	105,965	51,960	54,005	3,120	1,520	1,610
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	102,810	50,485	52,325	3,065	1,490	1,580
Canadian citizens aged under 18	21,900	11,365	10,540	900	440	455
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	80,905	39,125	41,785	2,170	1,050	1,120
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,155	1,475	1,685	60	30	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	105,965	51,960	54,005	3,120	1,520	1,605
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	91,495	45,045	46,445	2,900	1,395	1,500
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	13,785	6,555	7,235	215	115	105
Before 1981	6,440	2,985	3,460	30	20	10
1981 to 1990	2,260	1,035	1,225	15	10	0
1991 to 2000	2,085	1,070	1,015	40	25	20
2001 to 2010	1,940	910	1,030	90	45	45
2001 to 2005	870	420	450	40	25	15
2006 to 2010	1,070	490	580	45	20	30
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,060	550	510	40	20	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	690	360	325	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	13,785	6,550	7,235	215	115	105
Under 5 years	2,130	995	1,140	15	10	0
5 to 14 years	3,370	1,665	1,710	25	15	10
15 to 24 years	3,570	1,635	1,935	45	25	25
25 to 44 years	4,060	1,950	2,115	110	60	55
45 years and over	645	310	335	20	15	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	13,790	6,555	7,235	220	115	100
Americas	5,490	2,610	2,880	25	10	15
Brazil	55	30	25	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	140	35	100	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	185	125	60	0	0	0
Mexico	3,580	1,765	1,820	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	35	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	915	315	595	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	510	295	215	0	0	0
Europe	5,725	2,715	3,005	35	20	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	110	45	70	0	10	0
France	45	15	30	0	0	0
Germany	345	150	195	0	0	0
Greece	75	40	40	0	0	0
Hungary	60	45	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	55	25	35	10	10	0
Italy	745	385	365	0	0	0
Netherlands	945	450	495	0	0	0
Poland	245	105	145	10	0	0
Portugal	1,130	590	535	10	0	0
Romania	130	50	80	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	25	30	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	100	75	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	75	35	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,150	440	715	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	435	250	190	0	0	10
Africa	160	65	95	45	35	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	0	10	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	40	30	35	25	0
Asia	2,370	1,125	1,235	110	50	60
Afghanistan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	20	20	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	190	80	110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	0	10	0	0	0
India	235	120	115	10	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	10	15	10	10	0
Iraq	150	80	70	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	565	310	250	10	10	0
Pakistan	50	25	25	10	0	0
Philippines	245	85	160	55	20	35
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	195	100	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	530	235	300	15	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	20	15	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,060	550	510	40	20	20
Americas	610	345	270	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	85	60	25	0	0	0
Mexico	375	200	170	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	90	45	40	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	35	15	0	0	0
Europe	75	35	35	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	20	20	0	0	0
Africa	20	15	10	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	10	0	0
Asia	350	150	200	30	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	85	50	40	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	50	30	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	70	20	45	15	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	90	35	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	105,970	51,960	54,010	3,125	1,515	1,605
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	14,855	7,095	7,765	240	125	115
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	20,240	10,000	10,240	290	135	155
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	70,875	34,870	36,010	2,600	1,255	1,340
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	7,590	3,695	3,895	190	100	90
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,110	1,120	990	100	45	50
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	735	535	200	60	20	35
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,375	590	785	45	25	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,665	1,655	2,015	50	20	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,500	770	720	40	30	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	315	145	170	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	105,965	51,960	54,010	3,125	1,515	1,605
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,265	1,535	1,730	2,080	955	1,125
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,165	1,495	1,665	2,070	950	1,120
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,890	875	1,010	645	275	370
Métis	1,260	610	655	110	60	45
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	10	1,315	605	705
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	50	20	35	15	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	102,700	50,425	52,280	1,040	565	485
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	105,970	51,960	54,005	3,120	1,515	1,610
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,225	575	645	680	295	380
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	104,740	51,380	53,360	2,450	1,225	1,225
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	105,970	51,960	54,005	3,125	1,515	1,605
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	815	410	405	1,750	805	940
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	810	405	410	1,505	690	815
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	705	340	365	460	190	275
Métis single ancestry	110	60	45	35	20	15
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	1,020	485	530
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	240	110	125
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	225	105	120
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,145	1,975	2,170	370	170	205
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,045	1,920	2,120	315	145	170
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,670	1,300	1,370	130	65	65
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,350	615	740	25	10	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	15	165	75	90
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	105	55	55	55	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	55	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	50	20	25
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	101,005	49,580	51,425	1,005	540	460
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	105,965	51,960	54,005	3,125	1,520	1,605
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,965	3,515	3,445	225	115	110
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	650	315	340	50	25	25
Chinese	365	170	195	0	0	10
Black	2,185	1,225	955	35	25	10
Filipino	410	160	250	70	30	45
Latin American	1,035	495	540	0	0	10
Arab	860	445	410	35	25	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	885	425	465	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	95	40	50	0	0	0
Korean	135	75	60	0	0	10
Japanese	120	65	60	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	25	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	150	80	70	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	99,005	48,445	50,560	2,900	1,400	1,495
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	105,970	51,960	54,010	3,125	1,515	1,605
North American Aboriginal origins	4,965	2,380	2,585	2,120	975	1,145
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,475	1,695	1,790	880	385	495
Inuit	30	20	10	1,460	690	770
Métis	1,570	730	840	80	35	40
Other North American origins	37,510	18,235	19,275	215	110	100
Acadian	25	15	10	0	10	0
American	1,515	760	755	40	20	25
Canadian	36,625	17,805	18,820	150	85	70
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	35	20	15	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	15	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	80,635	39,445	41,190	1,000	515	485
British Isles origins	46,845	22,605	24,240	710	365	340
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	29,825	14,550	15,280	285	140	145
Irish	17,960	8,230	9,730	285	155	125
Manx	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	17,875	8,445	9,435	360	200	160
Welsh	1,450	680	775	15	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,745	810	940	50	25	25
French origins	20,260	9,720	10,540	155	85	70
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,250	9,710	10,545	155	85	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	29,045	14,425	14,620	175	95	80
Austrian	320	185	130	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	3,665	1,815	1,850	0	0	0
Dutch	10,085	4,870	5,210	50	35	20
Flemish	110	50	60	0	0	0
Frisian	75	30	40	0	0	0
German	17,060	8,605	8,455	115	60	60
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	240	125	115	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,430	640	790	90	35	50
Danish	390	190	200	20	0	15
Finnish	245	100	145	10	0	10
Icelandic	15	0	0	10	10	10
Norwegian	285	125	155	35	15	20
Swedish	395	150	245	15	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	125	65	60	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	10,250	5,060	5,190	110	50	60
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	870	430	435	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	435	205	235	0	0	0
Estonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,575	780	795	10	10	10
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	40	35	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,450	1,175	1,270	25	10	15
Romanian	750	355	395	0	0	0
Russian	1,950	985	970	25	10	15
Slovak	575	250	330	10	10	10
Ukrainian	2,760	1,425	1,330	40	15	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	8,455	4,330	4,125	80	45	35
Albanian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	240	115	125	10	10	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	375	190	180	10	0	10
Italian	3,925	2,010	1,915	20	10	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	20	20	10	0	10
Maltese	170	80	90	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	15	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,700	1,420	1,275	25	10	10
Serbian	170	90	80	0	0	0
Sicilian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Slovenian	115	55	55	0	0	0
Spanish	680	305	375	10	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	400	195	200	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	235	115	120	20	15	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	110	60	45	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	110	45	70	25	15	10
Caribbean origins	740	435	300	15	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	35	25	15	10	0	10
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	40	20	15	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	445	280	170	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	25	10	20	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,920	1,540	1,385	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	75	35	40	10	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Costa Rican	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	80	55	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	55	20	30	0	0	0
Honduran	135	95	35	0	0	0
Maya	60	45	20	0	0	0
Mexican	2,085	1,120	965	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	50	15	35	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	190	60	130	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	55	30	25	0	0	10
African origins	1,090	555	535	40	30	15
Central and West African origins	45	25	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	60	25	40	15	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Libyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	0	15	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	55	25	35	10	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopian	20	10	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	10
Other African origins	930	490	445	15	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	150	95	50	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	785	390	400	10	10	0
Asian origins	4,975	2,410	2,565	185	90	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,290	1,160	1,130	40	25	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	55	25	35	30	20	10
Armenian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	25	25	0	10	0
Iraqi	225	100	125	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,835	940	900	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	25	15	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	75	45	30	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	20	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	655	325	335	50	20	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bengali	15	0	10	0	0	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	480	230	250	15	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	45	30	20	10	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	65	25	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,045	945	1,105	95	40	60
Burmese	120	60	65	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	125	70	55	0	0	0
Chinese	545	235	310	10	0	0
Filipino	435	175	260	75	30	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Japanese	115	55	55	0	0	10
Karen	65	35	30	0	0	0
Korean	145	80	65	0	0	10
Laotian	145	80	60	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Thai	275	110	160	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	315	165	150	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	15	20	0	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	15	20	10	10	0
Oceania origins	55	30	20	0	0	0
Australian	40	20	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
Owner	31,925	...	...	385	...	...
Renter	12,720	...	...	795	...	...
Band housing	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
Condominium	1,330	...	...	40	...	...
Not condominium	43,330	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	44,660	...	...	1,185	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	4,290	...	...	285	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,890	...	...	240	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,735	...	...	445	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,690	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,320	...	...	485	...	...
5 rooms	5,820	...	...	280	...	...
6 rooms	7,230	...	...	200	...	...
7 rooms	7,305	...	...	115	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,990	...	...	100	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
One person or fewer per room	44,285	...	...	1,140	...	...
More than 1 person per room	380	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
Suitable	43,145	...	...	1,050	...	...
Not suitable	1,515	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
1960 or before	17,060	...	...	95	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,415	...	...	580	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,275	...	...	185	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,910	...	...	130	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,995	...	...	105	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,270	...	...	60	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	740	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	41,605	...	...	1,020	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,055	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
1 household maintainer	27,510	...	...	805	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,535	...	...	340	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	615	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	44,660	...	...	1,180	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,295	...	...	55	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,120	...	...	245	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,390	...	...	285	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,595	...	...	230	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,580	...	...	230	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,480	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,320	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	1,880	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	43,175	...	...	1,180	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,045	...	...	1,040	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,135	...	...	140	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,365	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,600	...	...	385	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.1	...	...	67.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.7	...	...	10.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	852	...	...	1,806	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	981	...	...	1,801	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	174,871	...	...	279,654	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	206,169	...	...	297,291	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,645	...	...	795	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.9	...	...	39.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.7	...	...	12.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	757	...	...	1,298	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	777	...	...	1,185	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	87,680	42,455	45,220	2,350	1,125	1,230
No certificate, diploma or degree	23,220	12,120	11,095	685	345	340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25,950	12,780	13,165	465	230	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,515	17,555	20,960	1,200	540	660
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,090	4,470	1,625	175	155	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,775	1,840	935	55	50	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,325	2,630	690	120	105	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,385	8,435	12,955	520	180	335
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,135	510	630	55	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,900	4,140	5,765	450	185	265
Bachelor's degree	7,240	2,880	4,360	300	125	175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	735	300	430	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	145	70	15	10	10
Master's degree	1,560	735	825	110	45	65
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	155	75	80	15	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,600	26,800	27,805	1,735	835	895
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,530	5,975	4,560	375	205	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,965	8,265	7,710	310	165	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,100	12,565	15,535	1,050	465	590
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,960	2,945	1,020	145	125	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,815	1,250	565	55	40	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,145	1,695	455	90	85	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,345	6,420	9,920	445	155	285
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	680	305	375	50	20	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,115	2,895	4,220	420	170	250
Bachelor's degree	5,250	2,095	3,160	275	110	165
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	525	195	335	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	90	60	15	10	10
Master's degree	1,080	460	615	105	40	65
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	60	50	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	87,675	42,460	45,220	2,350	1,125	1,230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	49,165	24,910	24,260	1,150	580	570
Education	2,475	640	1,840	100	25	75
13. Education	2,475	645	1,835	95	25	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	920	400	525	20	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	105	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	770	295	475	20	10	15
Humanities	1,505	635	870	45	25	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	90	20	70	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	350	110	245	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	135	190	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	55	55	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	330	175	160	0	0	10
54. History	205	125	75	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	15	75	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,485	1,040	3,445	95	35	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	0	50	0	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	285	135	145	10	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,000	200	1,810	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	485	130	360	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	15	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	575	140	440	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,010	425	590	35	20	15
Business, management and public administration	6,850	2,265	4,585	290	60	225
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	565	105	455	40	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,270	2,150	4,120	250	60	185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	895	515	385	55	25	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	330	180	150	25	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	220	90	130	20	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	200	170	35	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	140	75	65	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,050	670	385	25	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	800	545	255	20	15	10
25. Library science	75	10	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	155	100	55	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,010	7,580	430	235	220	15
04. Architecture and related services	170	110	60	0	0	0
14. Engineering	600	500	95	35	35	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,750	1,590	155	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,560	1,520	40	95	90	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,365	2,335	25	55	50	10
48. Precision production	1,565	1,520	45	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,720	1,295	425	55	35	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,420	1,075	340	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	305	220	85	55	35	20
Health and related fields	7,455	1,045	6,410	190	40	155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	515	265	250	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,885	755	6,130	175	30	145
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	30	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,130	1,465	1,665	85	60	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,670	305	1,365	30	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	885	635	250	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	550	500	45	40	40	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,600	26,800	27,805	1,735	835	895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,505	14,235	12,265	685	370	310
Education	1,515	360	1,155	90	25	65
13. Education	1,515	365	1,155	95	25	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	645	275	375	25	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	65	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	550	210	345	20	10	10
Humanities	955	400	550	35	20	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	15	55	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	190	65	120	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	215	65	145	15	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	30	30	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	210	120	95	0	0	0
54. History	155	85	65	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	0	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,480	780	2,700	85	30	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	25	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	255	120	135	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,645	185	1,455	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	425	95	330	0	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	15	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	365	65	300	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	710	300	410	35	20	10
Business, management and public administration	5,165	1,660	3,505	265	55	205
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	465	80	390	35	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,680	1,570	3,110	230	50	180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	605	345	265	55	20	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	130	95	25	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	60	90	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	100	20	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	115	60	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	855	535	315	20	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	685	470	215	20	10	10
25. Library science	50	0	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	50	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,805	5,445	355	190	180	15
04. Architecture and related services	145	85	60	10	0	0
14. Engineering	470	385	80	30	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,310	1,175	140	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,035	1,010	25	80	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,630	1,615	15	45	40	0
48. Precision production	1,220	1,180	40	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,280	905	380	50	30	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,035	725	315	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	250	175	70	45	30	15
Health and related fields	5,415	765	4,650	175	40	135
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	380	195	185	15	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,995	550	4,440	155	30	130
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	15	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,370	1,095	1,275	70	50	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,245	210	1,035	25	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	660	465	195	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	445	405	40	30	30	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	87,680	42,460	45,225	2,350	1,125	1,225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	49,165	24,905	24,255	1,145	575	570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,515	17,550	20,965	1,200	545	655
Location of study inside Canada	35,725	16,150	19,575	1,065	475	590
Same as province or territory of residence	34,515	15,590	18,925	395	155	245
Different than province or territory of residence	1,210	555	655	665	315	350
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,790	1,400	1,390	140	70	65
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	910	475	440	30	15	20
Philippines	175	60	115	40	15	30
India	125	70	55	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	355	185	165	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	50	20	25	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,165	585	580	45	25	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,605	26,800	27,800	1,730	840	895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,505	14,235	12,265	680	375	310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	28,100	12,565	15,535	1,055	460	590
Location of study inside Canada	26,275	11,720	14,550	930	410	525
Same as province or territory of residence	25,490	11,360	14,130	340	130	210
Different than province or territory of residence	785	365	425	595	280	310
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,825	845	985	120	55	65
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	580	295	285	25	10	15
Philippines	130	50	80	45	15	30
India	115	60	55	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	55	95	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	45	20	30	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	795	355	435	35	20	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	87,680	42,460	45,225	2,350	1,125	1,230
In the labour force	52,585	27,545	25,040	1,760	895	870
Employed	48,905	25,570	23,330	1,610	805	800
Unemployed	3,685	1,970	1,710	155	90	65
Not in the labour force	35,095	14,915	20,180	585	225	360
Participation rate	60.0	64.9	55.4	74.9	79.6	70.7
Employment rate	55.8	60.2	51.6	68.5	71.6	65.0
Unemployment rate	7.0	7.2	6.8	8.8	10.1	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	87,680	42,460	45,220	2,350	1,125	1,225
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	32,645	13,820	18,825	545	210	335
Worked	55,030	28,635	26,400	1,805	915	890
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	28,300	16,370	11,930	1,050	535	510
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	26,730	12,265	14,465	755	375	380
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.2	42.3	42.8	43.0	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	52,585	27,545	25,045	1,760	895	870
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,185	560	625	40	15	25
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	51,400	26,980	24,420	1,720	880	840
Employee	45,465	23,155	22,315	1,645	820	825
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,930	3,830	2,100	75	60	20
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	52,585	27,540	25,045	1,760	895	870
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,185	560	625	40	15	25
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	51,400	26,985	24,420	1,725	880	845
0 Management occupations	5,565	3,600	1,960	210	125	85
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,220	1,715	4,505	325	65	255
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,050	1,615	430	105	80	25
3 Health occupations	3,495	455	3,040	135	25	115
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,790	1,250	3,540	285	95	190
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	790	285	505	30	10	15
6 Sales and service occupations	12,015	4,590	7,430	300	155	150
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,060	8,460	605	305	295	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,555	1,705	845	20	15	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,865	3,310	1,555	10	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	52,590	27,540	25,040	1,765	895	870
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,185	560	625	40	15	25
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	51,400	26,980	24,415	1,720	880	840
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,785	3,170	1,610	15	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	120	100	20	25	20	0
22 Utilities	900	590	310	40	30	10
23 Construction	3,560	3,160	400	195	175	20
31-33 Manufacturing	7,400	5,475	1,925	0	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,985	1,365	625	20	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,800	2,515	3,290	160	90	70
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,650	2,095	560	95	75	20
51 Information and cultural industries	660	360	295	25	10	15
52 Finance and insurance	1,155	375	780	10	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	590	315	275	40	20	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,615	775	840	50	20	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,420	1,275	1,150	50	35	15
61 Educational services	2,960	725	2,230	155	55	100
62 Health care and social assistance	6,060	790	5,270	245	45	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	840	430	410	30	20	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,530	1,205	2,325	75	30	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,270	1,210	1,060	70	40	30
91 Public administration	2,070	1,030	1,045	415	180	240
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	48,900	25,570	23,335	1,605	805	805
Worked at home	3,405	1,890	1,520	25	15	10
Worked outside Canada	220	140	80	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,135	3,905	1,235	105	95	10
Worked at usual place	40,140	19,640	20,500	1,475	695	780
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	40,140	19,640	20,500	1,475	695	780
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30,685	14,235	16,450	1,460	680	780
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,085	2,390	1,695	0	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,295	2,975	2,320	10	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	75	40	35	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	45,280	23,545	21,735	1,585	795	790
Car, truck, van - as a driver	38,320	20,045	18,275	830	470	355
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,450	1,620	1,830	215	100	115
Public transit	490	180	315	10	0	0
Walked	2,095	1,080	1,025	500	200	300
Bicycle	465	370	95	0	0	0
Other method	450	250	200	35	10	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	45,275	23,545	21,735	1,585	795	790
Less than 15 minutes	22,720	10,760	11,960	1,400	695	700
15 to 29 minutes	12,270	6,380	5,895	150	70	75
30 to 44 minutes	5,765	3,340	2,425	20	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	2,520	1,665	860	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	2,005	1,410	595	15	15	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	45,280	23,540	21,735	1,585	790	790
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,230	2,800	1,430	15	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,180	6,035	3,145	70	55	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,915	6,275	5,635	335	200	135
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,985	2,860	5,125	885	375	510
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,095	1,470	2,620	145	80	65
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,875	4,105	3,775	130	65	65
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	56,765	29,470	27,290	1,865	940	925
Single responses	56,420	29,290	27,125	1,855	930	925
Official languages	56,005	29,040	26,965	1,855	935	920
English	55,635	28,955	26,675	1,850	930	920
French	360	80	285	10	10	0
Non-official languages	415	250	165	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	415	250	160	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	340	225	115	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	100	60	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	65	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	55	35	20	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	125	40	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	145	115	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	0	25	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	345	175	170	10	0	0
English and French	105	45	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	230	125	100	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	56,760	29,470	27,290	1,865	935	925
None	54,130	28,160	25,965	1,805	910	890
English	385	155	235	0	0	0
French	690	275	420	40	15	20
Non-official language	1,515	860	655	20	0	15
Aboriginal	15	0	15	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	1,500	860	650	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	104,855	51,350	53,505	3,060	1,490	1,570
Non-movers	93,385	45,715	47,670	2,520	1,235	1,285
Movers	11,470	5,640	5,835	540	250	290
Non-migrants	7,440	3,575	3,865	270	130	145
Migrants	4,030	2,060	1,965	270	120	145
Internal migrants	3,550	1,840	1,710	255	110	140
Intraprovincial migrants	3,210	1,665	1,545	85	40	50
Interprovincial migrants	345	180	170	170	75	95
External migrants	480	225	255	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	100,155	48,845	51,310	2,825	1,365	1,460
Non-movers	68,565	33,705	34,855	1,430	710	720
Movers	31,590	15,135	16,455	1,400	655	745
Non-migrants	20,600	9,760	10,845	710	335	375
Migrants	10,990	5,380	5,610	690	325	365
Internal migrants	9,580	4,695	4,885	655	305	350
Intraprovincial migrants	8,690	4,240	4,450	245	105	135
Interprovincial migrants	890	450	440	410	195	215
External migrants	1,410	680	730	40	20	20

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Chatham-Kent--Leamington [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Inuvik, T [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 31, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham-Kent--Leamington [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Inuvik, Town [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories

Census Profile, 2016 Census Chatham-Kent--Leamington [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Inuvik, Town [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham-Kent--Leamington [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Inuvik, Town [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories