Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Dufferin--Caledon Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Cottlesville, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	128,237	...	...	271	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	116,341	...	...	272	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	10.2	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	44,910	...	...	148	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	43,174	...	...	122	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	59.0	...	...	24.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,174.59	...	...	11.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	128,240	63,710	64,530	275	140	130
0 to 14 years	23,795	12,160	11,635	35	20	15
0 to 4 years	6,905	3,560	3,345	25	10	10
5 to 9 years	7,985	4,095	3,890	10	10	0
10 to 14 years	8,900	4,505	4,400	5	5	0
15 to 64 years	86,610	43,170	43,440	165	90	80
15 to 19 years	9,405	4,925	4,480	10	0	5
20 to 24 years	8,070	4,220	3,850	5	5	0
25 to 29 years	6,600	3,390	3,205	10	10	5
30 to 34 years	7,035	3,445	3,595	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	7,840	3,765	4,070	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	8,890	4,250	4,635	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	10,545	5,135	5,405	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	11,590	5,740	5,855	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	9,380	4,720	4,655	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	7,265	3,580	3,685	20	10	15
65 years and over	17,830	8,380	9,455	70	30	40
65 to 69 years	6,280	3,050	3,235	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	4,550	2,205	2,340	25	10	20
75 to 79 years	3,100	1,505	1,600	10	0	5
80 to 84 years	2,065	945	1,120	5	0	0
85 years and over	1,830	670	1,155	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	1,210	485	730	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	480	150	330	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	125	40	85	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6	19.1	18.0	12.7	14.3	11.5
15 to 64 years	67.5	67.8	67.3	60.0	64.3	61.5
65 years and over	13.9	13.2	14.7	25.5	21.4	30.8
85 years and over	1.4	1.1	1.8	1.8	3.6	0.0
Average age of the population	39.3	38.7	40.0	47.3	45.8	48.8
Median age of the population	40.8	39.9	41.6	50.3	49.2	52.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	43,175	...	...	120	...	...
Single-detached house	34,420	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	620	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,100	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,665	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,735	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	660	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,995	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	35	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	43,175	...	...	125	...	...
1 person	6,740	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	13,405	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	7,830	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	9,395	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	5,805	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	127,065	...	...	270	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	104,440	51,550	52,890	235	120	115
Married or living common law	65,720	32,850	32,870	165	85	85
Married	57,500	28,755	28,745	150	75	75
Living common law	8,215	4,095	4,125	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law	38,725	18,700	20,025	70	35	35
Never married	26,495	14,625	11,875	40	25	10
Separated	2,660	1,125	1,535	5	0	5
Divorced	4,790	1,910	2,885	10	5	5
Widowed	4,775	1,045	3,730	20	0	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	37,420	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	15,595	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	8,280	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	9,635	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	3,915	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	37,425	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	32,435	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	28,325	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	4,105	...	...	10	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,990	...	...	10	...	...
Female parent	3,760	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	1,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	32,430	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	12,835	...	...	50	...	...
Couples with children	19,600	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	6,650	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	9,155	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	3,795	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,990	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	2,755	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,630	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	600	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,835	5,550	6,280	40	20	20
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	43,170	...	...	120	...	...
One-census-family households	33,905	...	...	90	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,375	...	...	50	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	22,530	...	...	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,700	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,570	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	6,740	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	835	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	127,460	63,390	64,060	270	140	130
English only	118,355	59,730	58,625	265	140	125
French only	25	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	7,815	3,170	4,645	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	1,260	480	785	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	127,455	63,395	64,065	270	140	135
English	124,695	62,245	62,450	270	140	130
French	1,205	535	665	0	0	0
English and French	320	140	175	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,245	470	770	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,360	605	755	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.0	1.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	127,455	63,395	64,065	270	140	130
Single responses	125,115	62,240	62,870	275	135	130
Official languages	103,260	51,570	51,690	270	140	135
English	101,975	51,000	50,975	270	140	130
French	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Non-official languages	21,860	10,665	11,185	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,855	10,670	11,185	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	560	310	245	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	545	310	235	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	315	175	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	50	30	20	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	110	65	45	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	150	65	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	55	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	515	160	355	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	420	130	290	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	245	125	120	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	190	95	95	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	19,010	9,390	9,620	0	0	0
Albanian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,935	1,390	1,550	0	0	0
Baltic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Latvian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,880	1,365	1,515	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	420	210	215	0	0	0
Czech	105	45	60	0	0	0
Macedonian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Polish	1,330	625	705	0	0	0
Russian	270	120	160	0	0	0
Serbian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	70	35	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	120	65	60	0	0	0
Ukrainian	295	140	150	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,045	960	1,085	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	585	280	310	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	1,325	625	700	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	295	135	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5,090	2,540	2,555	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,890	2,435	2,450	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	225	120	105	0	0	0
Hindi	350	170	180	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,935	1,950	1,990	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	60	30	25	0	0	0
Urdu	250	125	120	0	0	0
Iranian languages	195	100	95	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	170	85	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	8,560	4,320	4,240	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5,275	2,710	2,565	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,720	875	840	0	0	0
Romanian	265	120	145	0	0	0
Spanish	1,295	610	685	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	135	65	70	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	170	80	90	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	75	35	35	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	25	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	550	235	305	0	0	0
Chinese languages	535	235	300	0	0	0
Cantonese	185	85	100	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	310	135	175	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	390	165	225	0	0	0
Estonian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Finnish	55	20	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	305	130	170	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,345	1,155	1,190	0	0	0
English and French	245	130	110	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,020	995	1,020	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	10	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	15	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	127,455	63,390	64,065	270	140	130
Single responses	123,105	61,285	61,820	270	140	130
Official languages	115,385	57,535	57,845	275	140	130
English	115,095	57,405	57,690	270	140	135
French	295	130	155	0	0	0
Non-official languages	7,720	3,750	3,970	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,715	3,745	3,970	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	85	100	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	175	80	90	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	110	55	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	65	100	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	50	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	105	55	55	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,590	3,235	3,355	0	0	0
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,000	505	500	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	990	500	495	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	45	40	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	485	245	235	0	0	0
Russian	170	80	85	0	0	0
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	335	170	165	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	45	25	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	265	130	135	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	20	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,060	1,505	1,560	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,970	1,455	1,515	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	110	60	50	0	0	0
Hindi	130	65	70	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,545	1,240	1,305	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	145	75	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	45	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,125	1,030	1,095	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,180	560	625	0	0	0
Portuguese	380	190	190	0	0	0
Romanian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Spanish	460	230	235	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	15	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	50	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	285	125	160	0	0	0
Chinese languages	285	125	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	75	35	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	195	85	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,350	2,110	2,245	0	0	0
English and French	175	75	100	0	0	0
English and non-official language	4,115	2,000	2,110	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	25	30	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	127,455	63,390	64,060	270	140	130
None	114,435	57,305	57,130	270	140	130
English	3,455	1,715	1,735	0	0	0
French	1,190	480	710	0	0	0
Non-official language	8,195	3,820	4,380	0	0	0
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,190	3,815	4,380	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	65	35	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	100	35	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	103,305	51,120	52,185	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	98,760	48,880	49,875	230	115	110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,646	49,062	32,054	20,203	30,272	17,152
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	98,785	48,885	49,895	230	120	110
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,329	42,549	29,165	19,648	28,096	16,832
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	92,065	46,400	45,665	165	95	70
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,022	48,165	29,692	16,384	26,048	10,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,080	28,835	37,250	205	105	105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,316	1,412	4,364	11,904	13,216	10,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	79,560	41,250	38,310	130	85	50
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,466	48,950	31,811	20,224	30,880	12,256
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	103,305	51,120	52,180	210	120	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,695	48,830	49,860	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,745	63,569	42,145	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,715	48,835	49,880	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,631	49,975	35,441	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,090	46,270	45,820	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,605	63,092	40,005	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,920	28,735	37,180	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,878	6,435	7,221	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,560	41,150	38,410	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,059	60,947	40,463	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	103,305	51,120	52,180	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	41,810	24,110	17,700	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,483	66,109	51,359	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	70,251	78,199	59,420	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.4	94.1	87.5	70.6	78.2	47.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.5	80.3	73.4	64.2	73.8	39.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.5	5.9	12.5	29.0	21.3	50.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	103,305	51,120	52,180	235	115	120
Without total income	4,545	2,240	2,305	5	0	5
With total income	98,760	48,880	49,880	230	115	110
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.6	95.6	97.9	100.0	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,565	5,630	7,930	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	14,530	5,595	8,930	80	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	11,760	4,900	6,855	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	9,865	4,365	5,500	20	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	9,420	4,345	5,075	15	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	8,170	4,120	4,045	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	6,930	3,865	3,065	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	5,575	3,405	2,170	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	4,375	2,690	1,685	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	3,880	2,330	1,545	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	10,695	7,625	3,070	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	7,185	4,990	2,190	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	3,510	2,630	880	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	103,300	51,120	52,180	235	120	115
Without after-tax income	4,520	2,235	2,285	5	0	5
With after-tax income	98,780	48,890	49,895	230	120	110
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	95.6	95.6	97.9	100.0	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,995	5,745	8,250	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	15,285	5,910	9,380	80	30	55
$20,000 to $29,999	13,675	5,790	7,885	50	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	12,130	5,505	6,630	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	11,485	5,720	5,770	10	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	9,270	5,210	4,065	15	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	6,970	4,295	2,670	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	5,455	3,380	2,080	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	10,510	7,335	3,175	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	3,490	2,190	1,300	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,105	1,460	640	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	4,920	3,685	1,235	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	103,305	51,125	52,180	235	115	115
Without employment income	23,745	9,875	13,870	105	35	65
With employment income	79,560	41,250	38,315	130	80	50
Percentage with employment income	77.0	80.7	73.4	55.3	69.6	43.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,825	4,675	5,150	20	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	6,055	2,510	3,545	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	9,670	4,210	5,460	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	7,510	3,265	4,240	15	10	5
$30,000 to $39,999	7,110	3,120	3,995	10	5	0
$40,000 to $49,999	6,970	3,170	3,805	5	0	0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,370	3,300	3,080	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	5,510	3,160	2,350	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,565	2,865	1,695	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	15,970	10,990	4,990	20	20	0
$80,000 to $89,999	3,715	2,395	1,325	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	3,545	2,080	1,470	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	8,710	6,515	2,195	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	43,175	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	101,189	...	...	46,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,292	...	...	45,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,740	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,903	...	...	20,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,931	...	...	19,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	36,435	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,830	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,610	...	...	54,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	43,170	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	120,574	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	97,469	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,715	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,864	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,670	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	36,455	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	132,868	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,384	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	43,175	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	340	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	520	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	745	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,070	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	885	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,060	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,140	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,155	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,185	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,515	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,595	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,670	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,600	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,555	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	21,885	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,010	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,660	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	6,100	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,110	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,175	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	400	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	285	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	525	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	790	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,200	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	990	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,200	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,345	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,435	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,490	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,270	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,310	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,370	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,175	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,170	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,215	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,435	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,360	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	6,430	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	35,975	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,985	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,880	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,075	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,306	...	...	44,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,779	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	19,645	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,653	...	...	92,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,410	...	...	80,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,395	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,598	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,267	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	35,965	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	132,130	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,676	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,015	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	117,578	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,929	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	19,700	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	151,411	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,952	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,360	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	80,546	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,180	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,105	4,540	4,570	35	15	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,562	44,658	33,984	20,032	0	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,404	38,912	30,739	19,648	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,105	4,450	4,650	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	49,852	53,490	46,369	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,829	43,334	38,430	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	127,060	63,260	63,800	275	140	130
In the bottom half of the distribution	44,600	21,495	23,110	180	90	85
In the bottom decile	6,035	2,950	3,090	30	15	10
In the second decile	7,390	3,345	4,050	70	30	40
In the third decile	8,880	4,235	4,645	30	20	10
In the fourth decile	10,210	5,035	5,175	25	15	10
In the fifth decile	12,085	5,935	6,150	25	15	10
In the top half of the distribution	82,460	41,765	40,695	95	50	45
In the sixth decile	13,440	6,635	6,805	25	10	15
In the seventh decile	15,240	7,700	7,545	25	15	10
In the eighth decile	16,820	8,515	8,305	15	10	5
In the ninth decile	19,240	9,750	9,485	20	10	10
In the top decile	17,720	9,165	8,560	15	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	127,065	63,260	63,805	270	140	135
0 to 17 years	29,455	15,145	14,310	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	8,360	4,305	4,060	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	80,620	39,990	40,630	160	85	75
65 years and over	16,985	8,130	8,865	70	30	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,060	4,230	4,830	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	2,540	1,310	1,230	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	720	395	335	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	5,185	2,430	2,755	40	20	15
65 years and over	1,335	495	840	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.1	6.7	7.6	27.8	25.0	25.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.6	8.6	8.6	37.5	50.0	33.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	9.2	8.3	20.0	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.1	6.8	25.0	23.5	20.0
65 years and over (%)	7.9	6.1	9.5	35.7	33.3	42.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,140	2,075	2,070	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	1,045	560	490	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	280	165	115	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,820	1,405	1,415	10	5	5
65 years and over	275	110	160	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.3	3.2	3.7	3.6	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	3.5	3.7	3.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.8	2.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.5	3.5	6.3	5.9	6.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.4	1.8	0.0	0.0	14.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	127,065	63,260	63,805	245	150	100
Official languages	125,815	62,785	63,030	245	145	95
English	125,775	62,775	63,000	245	150	95
French	7,825	3,130	4,700	0	0	0
Non-official languages	28,425	13,715	14,710	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	28,400	13,705	14,700	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	635	360	275	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	630	360	270	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	315	180	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	25	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	95	55	35	0	0	0
Maltese	170	95	75	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	200	65	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	200	70	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	610	195	420	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	0	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	530	160	370	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	330	185	145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tamil	290	165	130	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25,150	12,230	12,925	0	0	0
Albanian	90	70	25	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,240	1,485	1,755	0	0	0
Baltic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Latvian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,170	1,450	1,720	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Croatian	560	230	330	0	0	0
Czech	75	40	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	200	95	100	0	0	0
Polish	1,445	660	785	0	0	0
Russian	375	160	210	0	0	0
Serbian	115	65	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	85	30	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	135	60	75	0	0	0
Ukrainian	335	155	175	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,535	1,230	1,305	0	0	0
Afrikaans	60	20	35	0	0	0
Danish	55	35	15	0	0	0
Dutch	710	330	385	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	1,745	850	890	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Swedish	50	20	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	375	170	205	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,280	3,095	3,185	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5,965	2,940	3,025	0	0	0
Bengali	50	30	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	315	145	170	0	0	0
Hindi	1,665	840	820	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	40	10	25	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,855	2,405	2,445	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	130	65	65	0	0	0
Urdu	365	205	155	0	0	0
Iranian languages	320	160	160	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	295	145	145	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	12,900	6,310	6,590	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	8,145	4,065	4,080	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,485	1,255	1,230	0	0	0
Romanian	390	170	220	0	0	0
Spanish	2,240	970	1,270	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	30	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	165	80	85	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	315	160	160	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	105	65	40	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	15	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	40	0	35	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	90	40	55	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	95	30	70	0	0	0
American Sign Language	30	10	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	20	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	625	285	335	0	0	0
Chinese languages	610	275	330	0	0	0
Cantonese	250	125	120	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	405	170	240	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	0	25	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	345	140	200	0	0	0
Estonian	60	15	45	0	0	0
Finnish	40	10	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	240	115	125	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	127,065	63,260	63,805	245	145	95
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	122,690	61,245	61,445	240	150	95
Canadian citizens aged under 18	29,085	15,020	14,070	30	20	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	93,600	46,230	47,375	210	120	85
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,370	2,010	2,360	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	127,065	63,260	63,805	240	150	95
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	102,045	51,230	50,815	245	145	95
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	24,675	11,865	12,805	0	0	0
Before 1981	11,930	5,845	6,085	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	3,625	1,760	1,870	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	4,175	1,960	2,215	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	3,700	1,735	1,960	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,205	1,075	1,130	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,495	660	835	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,245	565	680	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	340	160	180	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	24,675	11,870	12,810	0	0	0
Under 5 years	3,535	1,720	1,815	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,470	2,675	2,790	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	6,685	3,155	3,530	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	7,565	3,690	3,875	0	0	0
45 years and over	1,420	630	795	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	24,675	11,865	12,810	0	0	0
Americas	3,970	1,720	2,250	0	0	0
Brazil	95	40	55	0	0	0
Colombia	105	40	60	0	0	0
El Salvador	130	55	75	0	0	0
Guyana	520	205	320	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	920	395	520	0	0	0
Mexico	150	55	95	0	0	0
Peru	50	10	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	405	210	200	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	735	320	415	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	860	385	475	0	0	0
Europe	13,510	6,680	6,825	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	25	25	0	0	0
Croatia	205	105	100	0	0	0
France	75	30	45	0	0	0
Germany	870	430	440	0	0	0
Greece	160	75	80	0	0	0
Hungary	95	55	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	145	55	85	0	0	0
Italy	3,250	1,700	1,550	0	0	0
Netherlands	580	295	290	0	0	0
Poland	1,015	465	545	0	0	0
Portugal	1,275	675	595	0	0	0
Romania	350	150	200	0	0	0
Russian Federation	140	60	80	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	145	60	85	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	4,035	1,960	2,075	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,070	495	580	0	0	0
Africa	785	400	385	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	50	30	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	80	25	55	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	195	110	90	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	155	70	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	285	165	125	0	0	0
Asia	6,200	2,985	3,215	0	0	0
Afghanistan	110	70	40	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	15	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	285	120	165	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	10	20	0	0	0
India	3,490	1,750	1,745	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	145	60	80	0	0	0
Iraq	85	45	35	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	150	65	80	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	35	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	215	120	105	0	0	0
Philippines	630	215	410	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	335	165	165	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	185	70	115	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	380	210	170	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	215	85	130	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,245	565	675	0	0	0
Americas	230	100	135	0	0	0
Brazil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	0	25	0	0	0
Cuba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	15	30	0	0	0
Mexico	20	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	35	50	0	0	0
Europe	205	85	115	0	0	0
France	15	0	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	80	35	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	40	35	0	0	0
Africa	75	35	40	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	30	30	0	0	0
Asia	700	335	365	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	445	235	210	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	130	55	75	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Australia	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	127,060	63,260	63,805	240	145	95
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	25,420	12,245	13,180	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	35,995	18,040	17,950	10	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	65,650	32,975	32,675	235	145	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	13,080	6,185	6,895	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,515	2,755	2,760	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,095	1,375	725	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,415	1,380	2,035	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	6,060	2,615	3,445	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,415	775	640	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	95	45	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	127,060	63,260	63,805	245	145	95
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,785	925	855	20	15	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,705	890	810	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,140	615	520	15	15	0
Métis	540	265	275	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	55	15	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	125,275	62,335	62,945	225	130	95
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	127,065	63,260	63,800	245	150	95
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	595	295	300	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	126,470	62,970	63,505	235	140	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	127,065	63,260	63,805	245	145	95
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	235	155	80	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	230	150	80	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	165	115	50	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	60	35	30	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,150	1,565	1,585	30	25	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,110	1,540	1,570	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,590	1,305	1,285	30	20	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	470	200	265	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	35	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	40	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	123,675	61,535	62,135	205	120	90
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	127,065	63,260	63,805	245	150	95
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	17,335	8,320	9,010	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	7,880	3,940	3,940	0	0	0
Chinese	915	445	475	0	0	0
Black	3,475	1,685	1,795	0	0	0
Filipino	1,010	380	630	0	0	0
Latin American	1,310	630	685	0	0	0
Arab	325	175	150	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	345	130	220	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	340	170	165	0	0	0
Korean	200	105	95	0	0	0
Japanese	160	65	95	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	720	310	415	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	655	295	365	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	109,730	54,935	54,790	240	150	95
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	127,065	63,260	63,805	245	145	95
North American Aboriginal origins	3,395	1,725	1,670	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,805	1,450	1,355	30	30	10
Inuit	70	50	25	0	0	0
Métis	565	250	310	0	0	0
Other North American origins	35,495	17,670	17,825	200	120	75
Acadian	165	100	70	0	0	0
American	1,275	570	705	0	0	0
Canadian	34,480	17,225	17,255	200	125	75
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	215	95	120	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ontarian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Québécois	55	25	30	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	96,995	48,395	48,600	50	30	20
British Isles origins	58,320	28,730	29,590	50	30	20
Channel Islander	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	35,480	17,455	18,025	45	30	20
Irish	24,595	11,775	12,830	0	0	0
Manx	35	15	20	0	0	0
Scottish	25,560	12,530	13,025	20	10	10
Welsh	2,420	1,170	1,250	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,765	1,830	1,935	0	0	0
French origins	9,085	4,460	4,630	0	0	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	9,080	4,455	4,630	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,595	8,935	8,660	0	0	0
Austrian	805	445	355	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Belgian	410	235	180	0	0	0
Dutch	5,715	2,715	3,005	0	0	0
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
German	11,305	5,850	5,455	0	0	0
Luxembourger	35	20	15	0	0	0
Swiss	520	260	265	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,155	1,000	1,155	0	0	0
Danish	650	330	325	0	0	0
Finnish	460	165	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	115	70	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	465	220	240	0	0	0
Swedish	580	285	295	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	11,595	5,740	5,855	0	0	0
Bulgarian	155	80	75	0	0	0
Byelorussian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Czech	345	180	165	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	160	100	60	0	0	0
Estonian	175	75	105	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
Latvian	170	70	105	0	0	0
Lithuanian	290	135	160	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	4,810	2,365	2,450	0	0	0
Romanian	775	370	410	0	0	0
Russian	1,055	515	540	0	0	0
Slovak	345	155	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,700	1,845	1,850	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	31,945	16,330	15,615	0	0	0
Albanian	125	85	45	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	1,205	580	620	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	0	20	0	0	0
Greek	1,355	640	715	0	0	0
Italian	22,020	11,430	10,590	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	635	315	325	0	0	0
Maltese	1,235	560	675	0	0	0
Montenegrin	40	10	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,345	2,795	2,545	0	0	0
Serbian	230	110	115	0	0	0
Sicilian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	580	275	300	0	0	0
Spanish	1,640	705	935	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	225	120	105	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	465	230	240	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	250	130	125	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	190	90	100	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	3,575	1,655	1,920	0	0	0
Antiguan	45	10	35	0	0	0
Bahamian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Barbadian	190	105	85	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cuban	165	60	105	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	2,130	980	1,150	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	515	265	255	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	50	15	35	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	515	215	300	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	115	60	50	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,440	1,115	1,330	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	60	30	40	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	120	40	80	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	130	75	60	0	0	0
Chilean	80	45	35	0	0	0
Colombian	145	55	95	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	270	115	155	0	0	0
Guatemalan	80	55	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	645	280	365	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	15	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	315	150	170	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	70	10	60	0	0	0
Salvadorean	215	115	95	0	0	0
Uruguayan	160	70	90	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	175	105	70	0	0	0
African origins	1,740	890	850	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	515	275	245	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	140	95	50	0	0	0
Guinean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	35	0	25	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	250	135	115	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	15	20	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	35	10	25	0	0	0
North African origins	245	135	110	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	15	0	15	0	0	0
Coptic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	195	120	75	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260	125	135	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	55	15	40	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	30	25	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	100	60	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	55	15	35	0	0	0
Other African origins	780	370	410	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	705	335	375	0	0	0
Asian origins	13,285	6,405	6,875	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,650	850	805	0	0	0
Afghan	180	100	80	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	115	50	65	0	0	0
Armenian	200	100	100	0	0	0
Assyrian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	270	135	140	0	0	0
Iraqi	200	105	90	0	0	0
Israeli	50	30	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	270	125	140	0	0	0
Palestinian	110	70	40	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	135	65	65	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	15	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	60	35	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins	8,445	4,160	4,285	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	6,600	3,215	3,385	0	0	0
Goan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	285	165	115	0	0	0
Punjabi	1,005	480	525	0	0	0
Sinhalese	45	30	20	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	400	200	195	0	0	0
Tamil	115	75	45	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	250	130	120	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,355	1,455	1,905	0	0	0
Burmese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	1,435	695	740	10	0	0
Filipino	1,180	445	740	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Japanese	225	95	125	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	205	110	95	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	310	110	195	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	70	40	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	70	45	25	0	0	0
Oceania origins	370	195	180	0	0	0
Australian	215	110	100	0	0	0
New Zealander	120	75	45	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	40	10	30	0	0	0
Fijian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	15	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	43,175	...	...	105	...	...
Owner	37,390	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	5,780	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	43,175	...	...	110	...	...
Condominium	1,565	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	41,610	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	43,170	...	...	110	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,870	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,165	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,865	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	18,220	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	43,175	...	...	105	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,820	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	4,735	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	7,035	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	7,715	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,870	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	43,175	...	...	110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,755	...	...	110	...	...
More than 1 person per room	415	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	43,170	...	...	110	...	...
Suitable	41,735	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable	1,440	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	43,170	...	...	110	...	...
1960 or before	6,315	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,625	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,490	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,985	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,495	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,770	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,505	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	43,170	...	...	105	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	41,165	...	...	100	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,010	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	43,170	...	...	105	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,650	...	...	80	...	...
2 household maintainers	21,460	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,065	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	43,175	...	...	110	...	...
15 to 24 years	360	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,235	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,130	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	11,760	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,070	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,840	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,980	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	795	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	42,365	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,545	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,815	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,850	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	36,665	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.9	...	...	27.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.0	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,682	...	...	404	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,728	...	...	585	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	552,705	...	...	109,605	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	621,691	...	...	135,930	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,735	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.7	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,107	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,174	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	103,305	51,120	52,180	210	120	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,535	9,740	8,790	110	55	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	31,695	15,910	15,785	40	25	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,080	25,475	27,600	60	40	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,240	5,570	1,675	25	15	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,970	1,935	1,035	20	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,270	3,635	640	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,405	10,900	13,505	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,985	895	1,090	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,450	8,115	11,340	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	14,190	5,770	8,420	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,400	500	900	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	390	225	160	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,090	1,410	1,685	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	380	205	175	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,870	33,845	35,025	155	95	65
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,780	3,930	2,850	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,225	10,360	9,865	35	25	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,865	19,555	22,310	50	25	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,180	3,985	1,185	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,140	1,385	755	15	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,040	2,605	435	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	19,480	8,595	10,885	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,470	680	790	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,735	6,295	9,445	10	10	10
Bachelor's degree	11,490	4,545	6,945	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,190	400	790	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	160	150	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,505	1,060	1,440	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	245	125	115	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	103,300	51,120	52,180	210	120	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	50,225	25,650	24,580	150	85	65
Education	3,565	715	2,850	0	0	0
13. Education	3,565	715	2,850	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,235	985	1,255	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	315	230	85	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,920	755	1,170	0	0	0
Humanities	2,820	1,010	1,810	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	215	40	170	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	640	190	445	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	925	325	605	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	175	80	90	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	110	85	0	0	0
54. History	520	245	275	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	145	10	140	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,920	1,825	5,095	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	520	195	330	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,730	120	1,610	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,145	270	875	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	150	25	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,125	305	815	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,215	905	1,305	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,120	4,320	6,805	10	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	820	165	655	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,290	4,150	6,140	10	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,810	790	1,020	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	710	230	480	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	565	230	335	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	410	275	140	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	50	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,645	1,050	595	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,270	875	395	10	0	10
25. Library science	100	25	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	250	130	120	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,610	10,965	640	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	455	345	110	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,810	1,570	240	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,440	2,260	180	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,455	2,420	35	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,165	3,130	40	10	0	0
48. Precision production	1,270	1,235	35	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,260	780	485	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	870	525	340	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	395	255	140	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,365	1,135	5,235	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	905	415	490	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,375	675	4,700	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	40	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,700	1,905	1,790	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,775	395	1,375	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,360	1,010	345	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	550	485	60	10	10	0
Other	25	0	25	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	0	25	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,875	33,845	35,025	155	95	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	27,005	14,290	12,715	105	65	40
Education	2,720	510	2,210	0	0	0
13. Education	2,720	510	2,210	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,780	775	1,005	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	145	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,580	630	945	0	0	0
Humanities	2,115	725	1,390	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	190	30	155	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	495	125	370	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	695	235	460	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	105	50	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	85	50	0	0	0
54. History	390	180	215	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	105	10	95	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,620	1,395	4,230	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	435	160	275	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,340	60	1,280	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	985	200	790	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	25	105	0	0	0
42. Psychology	895	225	665	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,825	725	1,100	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	9,315	3,490	5,825	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	690	135	555	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,620	3,350	5,265	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,350	580	770	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	540	170	370	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	415	170	240	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	305	195	105	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	30	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,390	885	505	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,125	775	350	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	10	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	195	90	110	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,860	8,340	520	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	385	285	100	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,410	1,205	205	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,870	1,740	130	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,840	1,820	25	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,500	2,470	25	10	10	0
48. Precision production	865	825	40	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	950	540	405	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	670	385	285	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	280	160	120	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,940	850	4,090	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	670	315	355	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,195	500	3,695	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	35	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,805	1,455	1,350	0	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,305	265	1,030	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,075	785	285	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	420	390	30	10	10	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	103,305	51,125	52,180	210	125	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,225	25,650	24,580	155	85	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	53,075	25,475	27,600	60	45	20
Location of study inside Canada	46,635	22,065	24,565	60	40	20
Same as province or territory of residence	44,280	20,985	23,290	40	25	10
Different than province or territory of residence	2,360	1,075	1,275	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,440	3,405	3,035	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,095	580	520	0	0	0
Philippines	275	65	205	0	0	0
India	995	475	515	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,120	750	370	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	145	60	90	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other	2,780	1,460	1,320	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,870	33,850	35,025	155	90	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,005	14,290	12,715	105	65	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	41,865	19,555	22,310	50	30	20
Location of study inside Canada	37,280	17,325	19,955	45	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	35,445	16,495	18,955	35	15	15
Different than province or territory of residence	1,830	830	1,005	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,585	2,230	2,355	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	800	400	400	0	0	0
Philippines	250	65	180	0	0	0
India	895	410	480	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	580	335	245	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	145	60	85	0	0	0
France	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other	1,895	945	945	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	103,305	51,125	52,180	210	125	90
In the labour force	74,490	39,155	35,335	85	70	20
Employed	70,250	36,985	33,265	65	50	15
Unemployed	4,240	2,170	2,075	25	15	10
Not in the labour force	28,810	11,970	16,845	130	55	65
Participation rate	72.1	76.6	67.7	40.5	56.0	22.2
Employment rate	68.0	72.3	63.8	31.0	40.0	16.7
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.5	5.9	29.4	21.4	50.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	103,305	51,125	52,180	210	125	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	26,535	10,875	15,660	120	50	65
Worked	76,770	40,250	36,520	95	70	20
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	43,045	24,960	18,085	10	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	33,730	15,290	18,435	80	65	20
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.4	42.8	28.7	31.3	19.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	74,490	39,155	35,335	85	65	20
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,200	580	620	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	73,290	38,575	34,715	85	65	20
Employee	62,915	31,920	30,995	85	60	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10,375	6,655	3,720	10	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	74,490	39,155	35,340	85	65	20
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,200	580	625	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	73,285	38,575	34,715	85	65	20
0 Management occupations	10,055	6,320	3,740	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,185	3,200	8,985	10	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,790	3,020	765	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,340	545	2,800	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,180	2,445	5,735	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,895	775	1,115	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	15,670	6,455	9,210	0	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,005	12,125	880	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,790	1,280	510	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,380	2,405	975	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	74,490	39,155	35,340	85	65	20
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,200	580	625	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	73,285	38,575	34,715	85	65	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,555	940	615	25	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	145	125	25	0	10	0
22 Utilities	450	375	70	0	0	0
23 Construction	7,950	6,740	1,210	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	8,700	5,970	2,730	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,760	2,390	1,365	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,075	3,900	4,180	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,570	3,085	1,485	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,390	785	605	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,655	1,030	1,625	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,500	675	825	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,750	2,340	2,410	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	185	55	130	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,675	2,170	1,505	0	0	0
61 Educational services	5,475	1,330	4,145	10	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,815	805	5,010	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,535	700	840	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,260	1,515	2,740	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,035	1,595	1,440	10	0	0
91 Public administration	3,800	2,050	1,755	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	70,250	36,985	33,265	65	50	15
Worked at home	6,060	2,980	3,080	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	165	110	55	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	9,370	7,205	2,165	20	20	0
Worked at usual place	54,655	26,685	27,970	45	25	15
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	54,650	26,685	27,970	45	25	20
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,560	5,490	8,070	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,340	6,960	8,380	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25,640	14,180	11,465	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	110	60	55	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	64,020	33,885	30,135	60	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a driver	56,095	30,360	25,735	40	30	10
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,835	1,835	2,000	10	10	10
Public transit	1,290	510	780	0	0	0
Walked	2,140	835	1,305	0	0	0
Bicycle	150	115	35	0	0	0
Other method	505	235	275	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	64,020	33,885	30,135	60	45	15
Less than 15 minutes	14,115	5,725	8,390	10	10	0
15 to 29 minutes	12,840	5,835	7,005	30	25	10
30 to 44 minutes	14,225	8,210	6,020	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	10,485	6,185	4,300	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	12,350	7,930	4,420	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	64,020	33,890	30,135	60	40	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	7,085	5,530	1,565	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,495	8,075	4,420	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,055	7,620	8,430	20	15	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,010	4,645	7,365	0	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,355	2,430	3,920	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,020	5,585	4,435	10	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	78,785	41,205	37,580	100	80	20
Single responses	78,240	40,930	37,310	100	80	20
Official languages	77,905	40,725	37,175	100	80	20
English	77,615	40,650	36,965	100	80	20
French	290	75	210	0	0	0
Non-official languages	335	205	130	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	340	205	130	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	280	185	100	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	105	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	140	100	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	105	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	50	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	30	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	540	275	270	0	0	0
English and French	135	30	95	0	0	0
English and non-official language	390	235	160	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	78,785	41,210	37,575	100	80	20
None	76,100	39,835	36,260	100	80	20
English	410	205	200	0	0	0
French	800	305	495	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,460	860	600	0	0	10
Aboriginal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,450	845	605	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	125,770	62,630	63,140	230	140	95
Non-movers	111,545	55,730	55,810	210	120	85
Movers	14,230	6,895	7,330	25	15	0
Non-migrants	4,525	2,220	2,305	0	0	0
Migrants	9,705	4,680	5,025	25	20	0
Internal migrants	9,420	4,525	4,895	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	9,000	4,315	4,685	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	420	205	210	20	15	0
External migrants	290	155	130	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	120,175	59,850	60,325	215	125	95
Non-movers	76,555	38,415	38,135	170	100	65
Movers	43,620	21,430	22,190	50	25	25
Non-migrants	14,615	7,150	7,470	10	10	0
Migrants	29,005	14,285	14,720	40	20	15
Internal migrants	27,665	13,690	13,975	45	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	26,870	13,290	13,585	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	790	400	390	15	10	10
External migrants	1,340	595	750	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin--Caledon [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador