Census Profile, 2016 Census
Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Kuujjuarapik, Village nordique [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Elgin--Middlesex--London Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Kuujjuarapik, VN Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Kuujjuarapik, Village nordique [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	115,052	...	...	686	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	110,109	...	...	657	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,595	...	...	283	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	44,623	...	...	227	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	46.3	...	...	84.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,484.52	...	...	8.16	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	115,050	56,755	58,300	685	370	320
0 to 14 years	21,440	11,030	10,415	215	130	90
0 to 4 years	6,615	3,405	3,205	75	45	35
5 to 9 years	7,480	3,840	3,645	85	55	35
10 to 14 years	7,340	3,785	3,555	55	35	20
15 to 64 years	72,905	36,150	36,755	450	230	215
15 to 19 years	7,150	3,670	3,475	60	25	30
20 to 24 years	6,380	3,335	3,045	65	35	25
25 to 29 years	5,705	2,785	2,925	55	20	35
30 to 34 years	6,255	3,035	3,215	75	35	35
35 to 39 years	6,685	3,235	3,445	40	25	10
40 to 44 years	7,280	3,575	3,705	40	15	20
45 to 49 years	7,665	3,780	3,885	30	15	15
50 to 54 years	9,110	4,520	4,590	45	15	25
55 to 59 years	8,860	4,350	4,505	25	15	10
60 to 64 years	7,810	3,855	3,960	25	10	10
65 years and over	20,710	9,575	11,130	25	10	15
65 to 69 years	7,160	3,455	3,710	10	5	10
70 to 74 years	5,130	2,505	2,620	5	0	5
75 to 79 years	3,605	1,725	1,880	0	5	5
80 to 84 years	2,385	1,055	1,330	5	5	0
85 years and over	2,430	835	1,590	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,540	585	955	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	700	210	490	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	170	40	130	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6	19.4	17.9	31.4	35.1	28.1
15 to 64 years	63.4	63.7	63.0	65.7	62.2	67.2
65 years and over	18.0	16.9	19.1	3.6	2.7	4.7
85 years and over	2.1	1.5	2.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	41.2	40.3	42.0	27.9	27.0	29.0
Median age of the population	42.7	41.8	43.6	25.6	24.4	27.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	44,620	...	...	230	...	...
Single-detached house	35,210	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,560	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,360	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,530	...	...	80	...	...
Row house	1,210	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	785	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,715	...	...	55	...	...
Other single-attached house	120	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	490	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	44,625	...	...	225	...	...
1 person	10,670	...	...	65	...	...
2 persons	16,770	...	...	45	...	...
3 persons	6,750	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	6,295	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	4,140	...	...	55	...	...
Number of persons in private households	113,265	...	...	685	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	93,610	45,725	47,885	470	245	230
Married or living common law	58,850	29,400	29,445	205	105	100
Married	50,535	25,275	25,265	60	30	30
Living common law	8,310	4,130	4,180	145	70	70
Not married and not living common law	34,765	16,325	18,440	265	135	125
Never married	21,000	11,475	9,525	220	120	105
Separated	2,820	1,280	1,540	15	5	5
Divorced	5,255	2,305	2,955	5	5	5
Widowed	5,690	1,265	4,425	20	10	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	33,610	...	...	160	...	...
2 persons	17,360	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	6,690	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	6,070	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	3,485	...	...	40	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	33,605	...	...	160	...	...
Total couple families	29,020	...	...	100	...	...
Married couples	24,865	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	4,155	...	...	70	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,585	...	...	60	...	...
Female parent	3,580	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	1,005	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	29,020	...	...	100	...	...
Couples without children	14,610	...	...	20	...	...
Couples with children	14,410	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	5,340	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	5,710	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	3,360	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,585	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	2,750	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	1,345	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	485	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,420	6,765	7,655	125	80	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	44,620	...	...	230	...	...
One-census-family households	32,275	...	...	135	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,065	...	...	20	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	18,210	...	...	115	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	655	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,690	...	...	80	...	...
One-person households	10,670	...	...	65	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,020	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	113,625	56,120	57,510	685	370	315
English only	107,830	53,690	54,140	545	300	240
French only	10	0	5	5	0	0
English and French	4,980	2,075	2,910	110	55	55
Neither English nor French	810	355	455	25	10	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	113,630	56,120	57,505	685	370	320
English	111,745	55,260	56,480	575	320	260
French	990	465	520	35	25	15
English and French	115	50	60	50	20	25
Neither English nor French	780	340	440	25	5	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,040	490	550	600	325	275
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	1.0	87.6	87.8	85.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	113,625	56,120	57,510	685	365	320
Single responses	112,580	55,615	56,970	685	370	315
Official languages	97,650	48,255	49,395	80	50	30
English	96,550	47,745	48,805	45	30	15
French	1,100	510	590	35	20	10
Non-official languages	14,935	7,360	7,570	600	315	290
Aboriginal languages	10	5	0	600	315	285
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	120	60	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	120	65	55
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	60	55
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	485	250	230
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	485	255	230
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,925	7,355	7,570	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	670	350	320	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	665	350	320	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	540	280	255	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	60	35	30	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	285	140	145	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	155	75	85	0	0	0
Vietnamese	135	70	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	50	115	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	45	90	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	13,030	6,440	6,590	5	5	0
Albanian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,415	685	725	0	0	0
Baltic languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,365	665	695	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	280	145	135	0	0	0
Czech	60	30	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	540	255	290	0	0	0
Russian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Serbian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	50	20	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	180	85	90	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	9,340	4,595	4,740	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dutch	1,385	680	705	0	0	0
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	7,675	3,770	3,905	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	155	85	75	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	95	45	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	400	190	210	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	305	145	155	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hindi	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	40	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Kurdish	45	25	20	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,625	835	785	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	410	225	180	0	0	0
Portuguese	670	355	315	0	0	0
Romanian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Spanish	485	230	255	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	50	60	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	20	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	15	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	225	100	125	0	0	0
Chinese languages	220	100	120	0	0	0
Cantonese	110	50	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	35	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	270	120	145	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	240	110	130	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,045	505	540	0	0	0
English and French	185	80	100	0	0	0
English and non-official language	825	405	420	5	5	0
French and non-official language	15	15	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	113,625	56,120	57,510	690	370	315
Single responses	111,545	55,105	56,440	680	370	310
Official languages	105,910	52,370	53,540	175	100	75
English	105,705	52,270	53,430	145	85	60
French	205	95	110	30	20	10
Non-official languages	5,640	2,735	2,905	505	265	240
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	505	265	240
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	105	55	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	105	60	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	45
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	400	210	195
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	400	210	190
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,635	2,735	2,905	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	140	155	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	295	135	155	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	245	110	130	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	155	75	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	40	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,810	2,325	2,490	0	0	0
Albanian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	455	220	235	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	445	215	230	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	100	45	50	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	175	80	95	0	0	0
Russian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Serbian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,605	1,770	1,835	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	105	55	50	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,295	1,615	1,680	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	190	90	105	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	25	20	0	5	0
Kurdish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	495	220	270	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	185	75	105	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	235	105	130	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	15	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	65	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	30	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	30	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,080	1,015	1,065	5	0	5
English and French	100	40	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,940	960	980	0	0	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	113,625	56,115	57,505	685	365	320
None	105,020	51,980	53,030	145	80	65
English	2,535	1,225	1,305	435	235	200
French	880	365	515	10	10	5
Non-official language	5,110	2,505	2,600	95	50	40
Aboriginal	5	0	5	90	50	45
Non-Aboriginal	5,100	2,505	2,595	0	0	0
English and French	15	5	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	25	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	91,860	44,945	46,910	470	245	225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,420	43,330	45,095	450	235	220
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,771	42,063	28,571	26,976	24,512	29,216
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,445	43,325	45,115	450	235	220
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,511	37,537	26,405	26,256	22,912	28,384
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	79,595	40,030	39,560	445	225	220
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,251	40,217	25,120	17,440	18,624	15,392
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,640	28,565	35,080	385	185	195
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,894	5,783	7,432	7,232	3,440	12,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,905	34,635	31,270	380	195	190
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,034	39,453	27,430	19,413	23,168	17,216
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	91,995	45,045	46,950	470	245	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,275	43,305	44,970	450	230	215
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,490	50,531	36,709	35,617	35,577	35,658
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,305	43,305	44,995	450	235	220
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,799	42,090	31,707	30,794	29,753	31,896
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,420	40,010	39,410	440	220	220
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,585	49,017	34,040	27,875	31,232	24,424
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,395	28,350	35,045	385	190	195
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,458	8,007	8,823	9,746	6,691	12,677
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,950	34,635	31,310	385	200	185
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,891	46,502	34,684	30,532	34,390	26,509
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	91,995	45,045	46,945	470	245	225
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	33,595	19,320	14,270	155	80	75
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,295	56,232	45,627	38,293	43,904	33,920
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,211	62,903	51,859	49,391	57,141	40,909
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.1	89.7	81.2	76.5	84.1	68.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.1	73.6	65.4	73.3	82.0	65.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.9	10.3	18.8	22.9	15.2	31.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	91,860	44,950	46,910	470	245	230
Without total income	3,435	1,620	1,815	20	10	5
With total income	88,425	43,325	45,095	450	235	220
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.4	96.1	95.7	95.9	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,400	4,585	6,820	90	60	30
$10,000 to $19,999	14,760	5,565	9,190	90	45	45
$20,000 to $29,999	12,805	5,350	7,455	75	35	40
$30,000 to $39,999	10,820	4,980	5,840	50	25	30
$40,000 to $49,999	10,150	5,260	4,890	45	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	7,660	4,225	3,440	25	5	20
$60,000 to $69,999	5,650	3,420	2,235	25	5	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,985	2,525	1,455	15	5	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,945	1,845	1,100	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,765	1,580	1,180	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	5,485	3,995	1,490	25	20	10
$100,000 to $149,999	4,050	2,915	1,135	25	15	5
$150,000 and over	1,435	1,080	355	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	91,860	44,950	46,910	470	240	225
Without after-tax income	3,415	1,625	1,795	20	15	10
With after-tax income	88,445	43,325	45,115	455	230	215
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.4	96.2	96.8	95.8	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,800	4,685	7,115	90	55	30
$10,000 to $19,999	15,545	5,930	9,615	90	45	45
$20,000 to $29,999	14,880	6,280	8,600	80	40	40
$30,000 to $39,999	13,245	6,505	6,745	60	30	30
$40,000 to $49,999	11,095	6,020	5,075	45	15	30
$50,000 to $59,999	7,630	4,550	3,080	30	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,865	3,100	1,770	25	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,885	2,325	1,550	10	0	5
$80,000 and over	5,500	3,930	1,570	20	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,145	1,465	680	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,130	800	335	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,220	1,670	555	5	0	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	91,860	44,945	46,910	470	240	225
Without employment income	25,955	10,315	15,645	90	50	40
With employment income	65,900	34,630	31,270	380	200	190
Percentage with employment income	71.7	77.0	66.7	80.9	83.3	84.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,425	5,370	5,055	90	45	45
$5,000 to $9,999	5,340	2,240	3,095	50	25	25
$10,000 to $19,999	8,205	3,590	4,615	55	20	35
$20,000 to $29,999	6,905	3,110	3,795	50	30	25
$30,000 to $39,999	6,970	3,195	3,780	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	6,605	3,400	3,205	25	15	10
$50,000 to $59,999	5,435	3,130	2,305	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	4,115	2,570	1,545	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,995	1,945	1,050	5	0	5
$80,000 and over	8,915	6,085	2,830	40	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,420	1,540	885	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,390	1,390	1,005	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	4,105	3,155	945	25	15	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	44,625	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,540	...	...	60,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,429	...	...	54,912	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,670	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,687	...	...	45,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,636	...	...	40,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	33,955	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,773	...	...	61,824	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,248	...	...	58,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	44,660	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,953	...	...	70,762	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,754	...	...	61,180	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,695	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,971	...	...	57,541	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,975	...	...	45,423	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	33,970	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,115	...	...	76,299	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,649	...	...	67,779	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	44,620	...	...	225	...	...
Under $5,000	415	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	500	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,030	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,460	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,905	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,595	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,880	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,850	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,010	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,910	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,735	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,485	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,290	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,875	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,615	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,060	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,170	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,305	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,475	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,110	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	44,625	...	...	225	...	...
Under $5,000	465	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	515	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,050	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,545	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,110	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,790	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,140	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,250	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,350	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,320	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,350	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,100	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,720	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,215	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,700	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,015	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,620	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,600	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,790	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	33,245	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,850	...	...	61,440	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,288	...	...	57,856	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,815	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,401	...	...	44,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,482	...	...	42,560	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	14,540	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,376	...	...	85,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,696	...	...	77,568	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,245	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,260	...	...	48,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,525	...	...	48,768	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	33,260	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,186	...	...	74,405	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,682	...	...	66,507	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,800	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,426	...	...	53,107	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,985	...	...	47,328	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	14,600	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,719	...	...	98,035	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,575	...	...	85,826	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,240	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,469	...	...	55,236	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,165	...	...	51,690	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,740	6,045	6,695	75	50	25
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,153	36,282	29,448	45,440	40,576	52,608
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,414	32,390	27,328	38,528	34,432	44,288
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,775	6,110	6,665	75	50	25
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,681	42,482	37,113	57,427	56,607	58,973
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,896	35,618	32,318	45,063	44,630	45,880
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	113,265	55,960	57,305	685	370	320
In the bottom half of the distribution	57,130	27,490	29,640	500	260	235
In the bottom decile	8,900	4,290	4,610	85	40	40
In the second decile	11,300	5,160	6,145	80	45	30
In the third decile	12,545	5,985	6,555	145	70	75
In the fourth decile	12,265	6,005	6,255	120	65	55
In the fifth decile	12,125	6,055	6,075	70	35	35
In the top half of the distribution	56,130	28,470	27,665	190	110	80
In the sixth decile	12,505	6,280	6,225	65	35	30
In the seventh decile	12,075	6,115	5,965	40	20	20
In the eighth decile	12,070	6,155	5,910	45	25	20
In the ninth decile	11,070	5,620	5,450	25	20	10
In the top decile	8,410	4,305	4,110	15	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	113,265	55,960	57,300	685	370	315
0 to 17 years	25,775	13,210	12,560	255	145	105
0 to 5 years	8,060	4,165	3,890	95	50	45
18 to 64 years	67,945	33,545	34,405	410	210	195
65 years and over	19,540	9,205	10,340	25	10	15
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,460	6,770	7,690	105	60	50
0 to 17 years	4,385	2,295	2,095	35	25	10
0 to 5 years	1,550	800	745	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	7,835	3,625	4,200	75	35	35
65 years and over	2,245	850	1,395	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	12.1	13.4	15.3	16.2	15.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.4	16.7	13.7	17.2	9.5
0 to 5 years (%)	19.2	19.2	19.2	10.5	10.0	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.8	12.2	18.3	16.7	17.9
65 years and over (%)	11.5	9.2	13.5	20.0	0.0	0.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,820	2,850	2,970	35	15	15
0 to 17 years	1,580	825	755	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	560	280	280	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	3,935	1,870	2,065	20	10	10
65 years and over	305	160	150	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	5.1	5.2	5.1	4.1	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	6.1	6.2	6.0	3.9	6.9	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	6.7	7.2	0.0	10.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.6	6.0	4.9	4.8	5.1
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.7	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	113,415	56,035	57,385	685	370	315
Official languages	112,625	55,695	56,935	660	360	305
English	112,610	55,690	56,920	655	360	300
French	5,160	2,135	3,025	115	60	55
Non-official languages	17,455	8,545	8,915	620	325	295
Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	610	320	295
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	140	75	65
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	140	75	65
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	140	70	65
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	500	255	240
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	10	500	260	245
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	17,445	8,540	8,905	0	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	970	525	455	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	970	515	450	0	0	0
Amharic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	845	460	385	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	40	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	75	35	40	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	430	210	220	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	140	65	75	0	0	0
Vietnamese	295	150	145	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	55	120	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	160	50	110	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	25	25	0	0	0
Tamil	25	20	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,835	7,225	7,610	10	0	10
Albanian	180	70	110	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,490	780	710	0	0	0
Baltic languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,455	750	700	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	345	195	155	0	0	0
Czech	95	40	50	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	540	260	280	0	0	0
Russian	145	70	80	0	0	0
Serbian	90	45	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	60	25	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	175	90	85	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	9,810	4,680	5,135	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	10	20	0	0	0
Danish	50	30	25	0	0	0
Dutch	1,525	705	825	0	0	0
Frisian	45	25	20	0	0	0
German	7,705	3,660	4,045	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	150	90	60	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	960	500	455	0	0	0
Greek	150	85	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	640	285	360	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	535	240	295	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	110	50	60	0	0	0
Hindi	220	105	120	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	245	110	135	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	160	80	80	0	0	0
Iranian languages	110	45	60	0	10	0
Kurdish	40	25	20	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	20	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,200	1,755	1,450	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	735	415	325	0	0	0
Portuguese	855	480	380	0	0	0
Romanian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Spanish	1,665	895	770	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	35	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	45	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	10	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	165	60	110	0	0	0
American Sign Language	75	30	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	40	55	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	330	170	165	0	0	0
Chinese languages	310	150	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	220	105	120	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	60	70	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	35	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	60	35	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	335	160	170	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	310	150	155	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	113,420	56,035	57,385	685	365	320
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	110,765	54,725	56,035	685	370	320
Canadian citizens aged under 18	25,590	13,035	12,555	255	145	105
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	85,175	41,695	43,480	435	225	210
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,655	1,310	1,350	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	113,420	56,035	57,385	685	370	315
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	98,585	48,775	49,810	680	365	315
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	14,485	7,095	7,395	10	10	0
Before 1981	7,160	3,490	3,675	10	0	0
1981 to 1990	2,220	1,050	1,175	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,180	1,090	1,090	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	2,045	1,020	1,030	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	965	495	475	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,075	525	555	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	880	450	430	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	345	165	175	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	14,485	7,095	7,395	10	10	0
Under 5 years	2,455	1,265	1,195	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	3,885	2,035	1,850	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	3,730	1,635	2,095	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	3,790	1,855	1,935	0	0	0
45 years and over	625	305	320	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	14,485	7,095	7,395	0	0	0
Americas	5,415	2,560	2,850	0	0	0
Brazil	30	10	20	0	0	0
Colombia	145	65	85	0	0	0
El Salvador	45	15	35	0	0	0
Guyana	45	10	30	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	155	70	80	0	0	0
Mexico	3,560	1,715	1,845	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	55	25	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	905	375	530	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	450	260	190	0	0	0
Europe	6,865	3,450	3,410	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	150	85	65	0	0	0
Croatia	185	100	90	0	0	0
France	45	25	15	0	0	0
Germany	490	230	255	0	0	0
Greece	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hungary	125	75	50	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Italy	375	215	160	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,340	690	650	0	0	0
Poland	340	140	200	0	0	0
Portugal	515	300	210	0	0	0
Romania	130	40	95	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	30	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	65	25	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,195	1,070	1,125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	715	370	345	0	0	0
Africa	285	155	130	0	0	0
Algeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Egypt	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	10	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	75	35	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	55	20	0	0	0
Asia	1,855	890	970	0	10	0
Afghanistan	0	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	145	45	100	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	25	20	0	0	0
India	335	160	170	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Iraq	175	100	75	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	200	115	95	0	0	0
Pakistan	85	45	40	0	0	0
Philippines	160	55	110	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	195	110	90	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	410	200	205	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	65	30	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	880	450	430	0	0	0
Americas	540	275	265	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	355	190	160	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	110	50	60	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	20	10	0	0	0
Europe	110	55	55	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	25	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	200	95	100	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	25	15	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	0	20	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	30	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	113,420	56,035	57,385	690	370	320
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	15,435	7,585	7,855	0	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	23,330	11,510	11,825	10	0	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	74,650	36,940	37,710	670	360	310
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	7,560	3,715	3,845	10	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,320	1,195	1,125	0	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	700	505	190	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,615	685	930	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,530	1,625	1,895	10	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,570	815	750	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	150	80	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	113,420	56,035	57,385	685	370	315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,230	1,005	1,225	635	330	305
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,180	985	1,190	615	325	295
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,530	700	830	110	60	50
Métis	625	270	365	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	25	15	10	505	260	245
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	111,190	55,025	56,165	55	40	15
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	113,420	56,035	57,385	685	370	315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	860	375	485	120	65	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	112,555	55,660	56,895	570	305	260
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	113,420	56,035	57,385	685	370	315
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	340	170	170	505	255	250
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	340	170	170	405	215	195
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	290	150	145	70	40	30
Métis single ancestry	45	15	25	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	335	170	165
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	100	50	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	95	50	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,305	1,430	1,875	130	75	55
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,240	1,400	1,835	85	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,535	1,105	1,425	10	0	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	695	295	400	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	75	40	35
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	65	30	35	45	30	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	45	30	15
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	109,775	54,435	55,335	55	40	15
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	113,415	56,035	57,385	690	370	315
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,075	2,470	2,600	10	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	760	360	395	0	0	0
Chinese	515	230	285	0	0	0
Black	890	480	415	0	0	0
Filipino	275	100	170	0	0	0
Latin American	555	260	295	0	0	0
Arab	835	460	375	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	540	260	280	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	90	40	45	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	230	110	120	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	255	105	150	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	108,345	53,565	54,775	680	365	320
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	113,420	56,035	57,380	685	370	320
North American Aboriginal origins	3,645	1,600	2,045	635	335	300
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,890	1,285	1,610	220	115	105
Inuit	20	15	15	555	290	265
Métis	790	335	460	0	0	0
Other North American origins	38,175	18,890	19,290	65	45	25
Acadian	120	45	75	0	0	0
American	1,500	700	800	0	0	0
Canadian	37,180	18,430	18,750	50	30	15
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	155	65	85	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	15	35	10	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	89,725	44,160	45,565	125	75	45
British Isles origins	59,530	28,905	30,625	55	35	20
Channel Islander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	10	0	0	0
English	38,705	18,820	19,880	20	10	10
Irish	21,285	10,020	11,260	15	10	10
Manx	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish	26,080	12,630	13,450	20	15	0
Welsh	2,120	955	1,165	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,100	1,445	1,655	10	0	0
French origins	10,450	4,845	5,600	55	35	20
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,445	4,845	5,600	55	35	20
Western European origins (except French origins)	33,900	16,720	17,180	0	0	0
Austrian	470	220	255	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,995	1,055	935	0	0	0
Dutch	12,825	6,425	6,400	0	0	10
Flemish	120	45	75	0	0	0
Frisian	55	20	35	0	0	0
German	20,910	10,145	10,765	10	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	785	400	385	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,995	905	1,090	0	0	0
Danish	520	240	275	0	0	0
Finnish	265	115	155	0	0	0
Icelandic	85	35	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	550	265	285	0	0	0
Swedish	475	205	265	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	180	80	100	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	11,120	5,495	5,625	10	0	10
Bulgarian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	350	175	175	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	275	140	140	0	0	0
Estonian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,155	1,060	1,090	0	0	0
Latvian	40	35	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	365	195	170	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,100	1,505	1,595	0	0	0
Romanian	680	325	355	0	0	0
Russian	2,570	1,240	1,330	0	0	0
Slovak	290	170	120	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,250	1,165	1,085	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	8,560	4,375	4,190	10	10	0
Albanian	175	55	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	135	90	45	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	685	370	320	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	530	260	265	0	0	0
Italian	3,530	1,775	1,755	0	0	0
Kosovar	30	20	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Maltese	570	285	285	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,855	1,045	805	0	0	0
Serbian	165	65	105	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	100	65	30	0	0	0
Spanish	780	350	435	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	390	180	210	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	340	175	170	10	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	125	65	60	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	205	105	95	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	675	350	330	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	375	195	185	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	115	60	55	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	90	25	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,315	1,600	1,715	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Belizean	15	0	20	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Chilean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Colombian	220	80	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	75	45	35	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	2,690	1,325	1,365	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	55	15	35	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	55	10	50	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	15	15	0	0	0
African origins	785	385	400	10	0	10
Central and West African origins	95	50	45	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	30	10	25	0	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	175	80	90	0	0	0
Algerian	15	0	10	10	0	0
Berber	15	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	110	55	60	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	205	110	95	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
South African	90	40	50	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	335	150	190	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	15	25	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	300	130	165	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,965	1,885	2,075	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,490	770	720	0	0	0
Afghan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	85	50	40	0	0	0
Armenian	80	25	50	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	60	25	35	10	0	0
Iraqi	225	125	100	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	55	30	25	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	725	405	325	0	0	0
Palestinian	130	55	75	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	85	35	45	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	10	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins	845	390	460	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	705	335	375	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	90	40	50	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,670	750	920	0	0	0
Burmese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	180	70	105	0	0	0
Chinese	630	265	365	0	0	0
Filipino	365	150	220	0	0	0
Hmong	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Japanese	65	35	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	30	35	0	0	0
Laotian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	350	170	180	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	130	45	85	0	0	0
Australian	90	45	50	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	20	10	15	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	44,665	...	...	230	...	...
Owner	34,370	...	...	10	...	...
Renter	10,295	...	...	215	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	44,665	...	...	225	...	...
Condominium	1,190	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	43,470	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	44,665	...	...	230	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,315	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,200	...	...	110	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,190	...	...	50	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,895	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	44,660	...	...	230	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,760	...	...	100	...	...
5 rooms	5,485	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	7,255	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	7,495	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	18,675	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	44,660	...	...	225	...	...
One person or fewer per room	44,290	...	...	200	...	...
More than 1 person per room	375	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	44,665	...	...	230	...	...
Suitable	43,395	...	...	175	...	...
Not suitable	1,265	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	44,665	...	...	225	...	...
1960 or before	15,685	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,490	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,440	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,510	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,945	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,375	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,225	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	44,660	...	...	230	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	41,795	...	...	185	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,875	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	44,665	...	...	225	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,985	...	...	170	...	...
2 household maintainers	19,065	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	615	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	44,665	...	...	230	...	...
15 to 24 years	905	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,165	...	...	65	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,365	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,240	...	...	45	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,380	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,370	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,865	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,380	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	43,185	...	...	230	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,560	...	...	215	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,620	...	...	10	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,740	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,030	...	...	10	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,096	...	...	1,048	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,198	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,463	...	...	312,320	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	291,725	...	...	346,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,190	...	...	220	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.7	...	...	86.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.5	...	...	4.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	816	...	...	393	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	879	...	...	387	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	91,990	45,045	46,950	470	245	230
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,080	11,040	10,045	245	125	120
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	26,720	13,280	13,435	90	45	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,195	20,730	23,470	140	75	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,220	5,345	1,875	75	50	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,350	2,060	1,285	15	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,870	3,280	590	60	40	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,010	10,025	13,985	35	15	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,390	595	795	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,570	4,765	6,810	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree	8,365	3,315	5,045	10	10	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	985	370	615	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	355	210	150	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,685	755	930	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	185	115	75	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,895	28,775	30,115	325	165	160
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,705	4,900	3,805	140	65	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,455	8,575	7,880	70	40	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,730	15,300	18,430	110	55	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,755	3,555	1,205	60	40	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,215	1,380	835	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,540	2,170	370	50	30	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	19,020	7,865	11,155	35	10	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	980	440	540	0	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,980	3,445	5,530	15	0	0
Bachelor's degree	6,495	2,435	4,060	10	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	770	265	505	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	270	140	135	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,310	535	770	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	130	70	65	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	91,995	45,045	46,950	470	240	230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	47,795	24,315	23,480	330	170	165
Education	2,690	695	1,995	15	0	10
13. Education	2,690	695	1,995	15	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,165	420	745	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	165	75	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	930	260	670	0	0	0
Humanities	1,695	625	1,070	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	0	45	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	405	100	310	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	410	125	290	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	30	10	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	65	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	250	165	85	0	0	0
54. History	325	155	175	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	10	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,480	1,165	3,315	20	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	190	75	120	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,400	120	1,280	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	655	115	540	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	15	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	690	205	485	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,455	640	815	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,685	2,550	5,135	15	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	705	120	585	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,965	2,425	4,535	15	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	905	400	510	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	420	170	255	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	195	65	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	180	140	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	20	80	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,160	760	405	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	910	640	270	0	0	0
25. Library science	70	0	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	160	100	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,240	9,695	540	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	250	165	80	0	0	0
14. Engineering	780	685	100	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,475	2,270	210	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,975	1,940	40	15	10	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,895	2,860	40	10	0	0
48. Precision production	1,855	1,770	85	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,745	1,295	450	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,420	1,080	335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	330	215	115	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,915	1,390	7,525	15	10	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	630	275	350	10	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	8,160	1,040	7,115	10	0	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	130	70	60	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,495	1,730	1,765	35	30	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,665	320	1,340	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,155	785	370	15	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	660	610	45	15	15	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,890	28,775	30,115	325	165	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,165	13,480	11,685	210	110	105
Education	1,800	465	1,335	10	0	10
13. Education	1,805	465	1,335	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	900	280	625	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	165	95	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	735	180	550	0	0	0
Humanities	1,185	410	770	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	290	60	230	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	285	85	205	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	35	60	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	100	60	0	0	0
54. History	255	120	135	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,620	855	2,765	15	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	55	110	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,165	85	1,080	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	595	90	510	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	500	130	370	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,125	490	635	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	5,945	1,815	4,135	15	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	580	90	490	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,355	1,720	3,630	15	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	710	275	440	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	360	140	215	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	30	115	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	90	35	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	15	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	955	635	320	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	795	560	230	10	0	0
25. Library science	40	0	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	65	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,780	7,330	450	20	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	185	135	55	0	0	0
14. Engineering	595	515	80	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,025	1,840	190	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,445	1,415	25	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,095	2,065	30	10	0	0
48. Precision production	1,435	1,370	65	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,280	910	365	0	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,040	750	285	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	240	160	75	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,880	1,000	5,880	10	10	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	500	215	285	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,280	735	5,540	10	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	100	50	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,655	1,320	1,335	25	20	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,220	235	985	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	925	610	310	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	505	470	30	10	10	0
Other	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	91,990	45,045	46,950	470	245	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,795	24,315	23,480	335	170	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,200	20,730	23,465	135	75	65
Location of study inside Canada	41,370	19,270	22,100	135	70	65
Same as province or territory of residence	39,810	18,570	21,240	120	60	55
Different than province or territory of residence	1,560	700	860	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,830	1,460	1,370	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	810	405	405	0	0	0
Philippines	95	30	70	0	0	0
India	135	75	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	530	325	200	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	15	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	1,230	615	620	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,890	28,775	30,115	325	165	160
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,165	13,475	11,685	210	105	105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,730	15,300	18,430	115	60	55
Location of study inside Canada	31,905	14,445	17,465	110	55	55
Same as province or territory of residence	30,845	13,975	16,870	100	50	50
Different than province or territory of residence	1,065	470	595	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,825	855	965	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	585	280	310	10	0	0
Philippines	65	15	50	0	0	0
India	90	45	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	270	145	120	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	795	360	430	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	91,995	45,045	46,950	470	245	225
In the labour force	59,430	31,390	28,040	295	160	140
Employed	55,905	29,555	26,350	240	125	115
Unemployed	3,525	1,835	1,690	55	30	25
Not in the labour force	32,565	13,655	18,910	175	85	90
Participation rate	64.6	69.7	59.7	62.8	65.3	62.2
Employment rate	60.8	65.6	56.1	51.1	51.0	51.1
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.8	6.0	18.6	18.8	17.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	91,995	45,045	46,945	470	245	225
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	30,220	12,695	17,525	150	80	75
Worked	61,775	32,355	29,420	320	165	155
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	34,465	19,880	14,585	160	85	75
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,310	12,475	14,835	165	85	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	44.4	43.0	39.3	39.9	38.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	59,430	31,390	28,040	295	160	140
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,050	500	555	15	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	58,375	30,890	27,485	285	145	135
Employee	50,745	25,990	24,755	285	145	135
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,630	4,905	2,725	0	0	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	59,425	31,390	28,035	295	155	140
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,050	500	555	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	58,375	30,890	27,485	285	145	135
0 Management occupations	6,520	4,280	2,240	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,795	1,945	5,850	25	0	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,360	1,855	505	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,395	660	3,735	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,735	1,630	4,105	65	25	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,030	405	625	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	11,995	4,470	7,525	105	45	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,295	10,560	735	40	40	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,150	1,415	735	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,095	3,660	1,430	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	59,430	31,390	28,040	295	160	140
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,055	500	555	15	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	58,375	30,890	27,485	285	150	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,490	2,260	1,225	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	70	10	15	15	10
22 Utilities	395	290	105	10	10	0
23 Construction	4,935	4,430	510	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	9,310	6,905	2,410	10	0	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,990	1,355	635	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,960	2,680	3,280	25	15	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,380	2,615	765	15	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	670	375	295	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,950	705	1,245	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	790	420	370	0	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,360	1,110	1,250	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	20	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,665	1,470	1,195	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,645	980	2,665	50	20	30
62 Health care and social assistance	7,250	980	6,270	50	15	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	955	440	515	15	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,365	1,055	2,310	25	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,760	1,480	1,275	10	0	10
91 Public administration	2,395	1,255	1,140	50	30	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	55,910	29,555	26,350	240	125	110
Worked at home	4,975	2,670	2,300	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	195	140	55	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,780	5,120	1,665	0	10	0
Worked at usual place	43,960	21,625	22,335	230	120	110
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	43,955	21,625	22,335	235	120	110
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,710	7,430	9,280	150	75	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10,915	5,270	5,645	85	50	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,270	8,890	7,375	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	65	35	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	50,740	26,740	23,995	235	125	110
Car, truck, van - as a driver	44,080	23,495	20,580	55	35	20
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,460	1,650	1,810	10	0	10
Public transit	350	115	235	0	0	0
Walked	2,020	945	1,075	140	70	70
Bicycle	350	270	75	0	0	0
Other method	475	260	215	30	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	50,740	26,740	23,995	240	120	110
Less than 15 minutes	17,430	8,155	9,280	210	115	95
15 to 29 minutes	17,140	8,970	8,175	25	10	15
30 to 44 minutes	10,240	5,640	4,600	0	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	3,420	2,065	1,350	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	2,505	1,915	590	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	50,735	26,745	23,995	240	125	115
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,095	2,860	1,225	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,380	7,460	3,920	15	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,460	6,695	6,760	15	15	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,775	3,140	5,635	115	50	65
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,975	1,470	2,505	50	25	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,055	5,115	3,940	40	20	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	63,605	33,225	30,385	330	170	160
Single responses	63,390	33,140	30,255	325	160	165
Official languages	62,880	32,850	30,030	205	110	90
English	62,700	32,815	29,885	190	105	85
French	185	30	145	10	10	0
Non-official languages	505	290	225	125	50	75
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	125	50	75
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	95	40	60
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	95	35	60
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	510	285	220	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	465	270	195	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	435	250	190	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	345	185	165	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	80	60	25	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	215	85	130	0	10	0
English and French	80	20	65	0	10	0
English and non-official language	125	65	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	63,610	33,225	30,385	330	165	165
None	61,635	32,235	29,400	65	35	25
English	390	170	220	105	45	60
French	400	160	240	25	20	10
Non-official language	1,155	645	510	130	65	65
Aboriginal	0	0	0	130	65	65
Non-Aboriginal	1,155	645	505	0	0	0
English and French	0	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	112,100	55,395	56,705	675	360	310
Non-movers	99,395	49,165	50,225	595	325	275
Movers	12,705	6,230	6,475	75	40	35
Non-migrants	6,370	3,025	3,345	55	35	25
Migrants	6,335	3,200	3,130	15	10	10
Internal migrants	5,905	2,950	2,950	20	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	5,525	2,755	2,765	15	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	380	195	185	0	10	0
External migrants	425	250	180	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	106,835	52,690	54,145	610	325	285
Non-movers	69,165	34,450	34,710	345	185	165
Movers	37,675	18,240	19,430	260	140	120
Non-migrants	19,380	9,285	10,095	190	100	95
Migrants	18,295	8,955	9,345	65	40	25
Internal migrants	17,230	8,455	8,775	65	40	25
Intraprovincial migrants	16,260	7,935	8,325	55	30	20
Interprovincial migrants	970	520	450	10	10	0
External migrants	1,070	500	570	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Kuujjuarapik, VN [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Kuujjuarapik, Village nordique [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Kuujjuarapik, Village nordique [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Kuujjuarapik, Village nordique [Census subdivision], Quebec