Census Profile, 2016 Census
Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Glengarry--Prescott--Russell Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	109,975	...	...	1,569	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	106,240	...	...	1,616	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.5	...	...	-2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	45,265	...	...	852	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	43,437	...	...	688	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	37.8	...	...	13.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,909.20	...	...	114.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	109,975	54,430	55,545	1,570	840	730
0 to 14 years	18,075	9,175	8,900	280	155	130
0 to 4 years	5,695	2,825	2,870	90	45	50
5 to 9 years	6,205	3,195	3,010	100	55	40
10 to 14 years	6,175	3,155	3,025	90	45	45
15 to 64 years	72,270	35,995	36,280	1,000	530	470
15 to 19 years	6,300	3,235	3,070	75	35	45
20 to 24 years	5,830	3,030	2,795	65	35	30
25 to 29 years	5,635	2,775	2,860	85	45	45
30 to 34 years	5,925	2,950	2,975	90	55	35
35 to 39 years	6,235	3,010	3,225	110	65	50
40 to 44 years	6,830	3,310	3,520	95	55	45
45 to 49 years	7,750	3,850	3,900	90	50	45
50 to 54 years	10,060	5,075	4,990	125	70	55
55 to 59 years	9,550	4,750	4,800	120	65	55
60 to 64 years	8,150	4,005	4,145	140	75	65
65 years and over	19,625	9,265	10,360	285	150	130
65 to 69 years	6,850	3,445	3,405	125	75	55
70 to 74 years	5,095	2,515	2,580	65	40	35
75 to 79 years	3,290	1,600	1,690	45	25	25
80 to 84 years	2,170	980	1,185	25	10	10
85 years and over	2,225	725	1,500	20	10	15
85 to 89 years	1,325	480	845	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	700	205	490	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	180	35	145	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	16.9	16.0	17.8	18.5	17.8
15 to 64 years	65.7	66.1	65.3	63.7	63.1	64.4
65 years and over	17.8	17.0	18.7	18.2	17.9	17.8
85 years and over	2.0	1.3	2.7	1.3	1.2	2.1
Average age of the population	42.5	41.8	43.1	41.9	42.2	41.7
Median age of the population	45.1	44.6	45.6	43.8	44.2	43.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	43,435	...	...	690	...	...
Single-detached house	32,850	...	...	630	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	140	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10,045	...	...	50	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,345	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	1,120	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,045	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,410	...	...	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	125	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	400	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	43,440	...	...	690	...	...
1 person	9,930	...	...	210	...	...
2 persons	17,125	...	...	270	...	...
3 persons	6,835	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	6,425	...	...	75	...	...
5 or more persons	3,115	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	107,300	...	...	1,570	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	91,900	45,255	46,645	1,285	685	600
Married or living common law	58,515	29,215	29,300	820	415	405
Married	45,120	22,555	22,570	415	210	200
Living common law	13,395	6,660	6,730	410	205	200
Not married and not living common law	33,385	16,045	17,345	465	270	195
Never married	20,850	11,545	9,310	310	190	120
Separated	2,455	1,195	1,265	20	5	10
Divorced	4,630	2,120	2,510	85	50	30
Widowed	5,450	1,185	4,260	50	20	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	33,165	...	...	470	...	...
2 persons	17,895	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	6,690	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	6,150	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	2,430	...	...	40	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	33,160	...	...	475	...	...
Total couple families	28,860	...	...	410	...	...
Married couples	22,165	...	...	210	...	...
Common-law couples	6,690	...	...	205	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,305	...	...	60	...	...
Female parent	3,120	...	...	40	...	...
Male parent	1,185	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	28,860	...	...	410	...	...
Couples without children	15,250	...	...	240	...	...
Couples with children	13,610	...	...	165	...	...
1 child	5,440	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	5,830	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more children	2,340	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,305	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	2,645	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	1,250	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	410	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,920	6,835	7,080	265	165	100
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	43,435	...	...	685	...	...
One-census-family households	31,890	...	...	455	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,640	...	...	230	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	17,250	...	...	225	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	630	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,920	...	...	225	...	...
One-person households	9,930	...	...	210	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	985	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	108,345	53,765	54,575	1,570	840	730
English only	25,905	13,455	12,455	0	0	0
French only	10,810	4,995	5,820	1,275	675	595
English and French	71,525	35,280	36,245	300	160	135
Neither English nor French	100	45	60	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	108,340	53,770	54,575	1,570	840	730
English	42,410	21,405	21,010	15	10	5
French	64,825	31,845	32,985	1,550	830	720
English and French	1,020	485	535	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	90	35	50	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	65,330	32,085	33,250	15	10	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	60.3	59.7	60.9	1.0	1.2	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	108,345	53,770	54,575	1,570	840	730
Single responses	105,895	52,570	53,325	1,565	835	730
Official languages	102,245	50,760	51,485	1,550	835	720
English	38,265	19,345	18,920	15	5	10
French	63,975	31,415	32,565	1,535	825	710
Non-official languages	3,645	1,810	1,835	10	5	10
Aboriginal languages	25	5	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,625	1,805	1,825	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	275	155	120	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	275	155	115	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	265	150	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	110	20	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	15	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	40	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	30	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	35	25	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,700	1,365	1,335	15	5	10
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	485	215	270	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	465	210	255	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	160	65	95	0	0	0
Russian	100	35	60	0	0	0
Serbian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,190	590	600	5	5	5
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	320	155	170	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	805	395	405	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	60	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	240	130	115	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	105	95	0	0	0
Bengali	65	35	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	60	25	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	660	355	305	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	225	140	90	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	75	60	0	0	0
Romanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Spanish	245	120	125	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	45	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	115	40	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	15	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	25	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	50	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,455	1,195	1,255	5	5	5
English and French	2,025	985	1,040	5	0	0
English and non-official language	215	105	115	0	0	0
French and non-official language	140	70	65	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	70	40	35	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	108,345	53,770	54,575	1,570	835	730
Single responses	105,150	52,255	52,900	1,550	830	720
Official languages	104,060	51,720	52,340	1,550	830	720
English	46,780	23,660	23,115	10	5	5
French	57,280	28,055	29,220	1,540	825	720
Non-official languages	1,090	535	555	0	0	5
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,090	530	560	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	45	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	745	375	370	5	0	0
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	55	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	145	140	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	250	125	125	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	95	90	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	5	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	100	50	50	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	5	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,190	1,515	1,680	20	10	10
English and French	2,485	1,155	1,325	5	0	5
English and non-official language	470	225	245	0	0	0
French and non-official language	105	60	50	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	135	75	65	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	108,345	53,770	54,575	1,570	835	730
None	79,050	39,500	39,545	1,525	815	710
English	17,765	8,670	9,090	30	15	15
French	9,790	4,765	5,025	5	5	0
Non-official language	1,400	660	740	5	5	0
Aboriginal	10	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,385	660	730	5	5	5
English and French	60	30	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	135	65	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	150	65	80	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	89,240	44,235	45,000	1,285	685	600
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,115	42,755	43,355	1,255	675	580
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,647	44,639	33,120	27,733	31,979	22,208
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,150	42,760	43,390	1,260	680	580
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,477	39,163	29,880	25,552	28,448	21,376
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,840	39,505	38,340	1,060	595	470
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,604	43,428	31,718	25,600	29,675	19,552
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,565	27,125	32,440	1,030	535	490
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,778	6,840	6,705	8,827	8,326	9,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,510	33,570	30,935	845	485	365
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,184	42,823	33,586	27,792	31,680	24,160
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	89,280	44,275	45,000	1,275	695	575
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,260	42,865	43,400	1,250	685	565
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,456	52,464	40,522	30,357	33,854	26,112
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,290	42,870	43,420	1,245	685	565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,893	43,337	34,506	26,769	29,466	23,494
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,795	39,645	38,155	1,050	605	445
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,306	51,226	39,154	27,051	30,101	22,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,655	27,340	32,315	1,005	535	470
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,092	7,973	8,193	9,573	9,487	9,671
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,530	33,590	30,940	845	470	370
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,256	48,462	39,690	28,818	32,544	23,999
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	89,275	44,280	45,000	1,275	695	580
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	33,765	18,835	14,930	420	255	165
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,571	58,840	52,609	36,973	38,803	34,006
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,955	64,275	56,766	39,099	41,781	35,021
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.9	90.3	84.8	76.2	80.7	69.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.6	73.1	69.6	63.6	68.1	57.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.1	9.7	15.2	23.8	19.4	30.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	89,240	44,235	45,000	1,285	690	600
Without total income	3,125	1,480	1,645	25	10	20
With total income	86,115	42,755	43,360	1,255	675	580
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.7	96.4	97.7	97.8	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,440	3,870	5,570	155	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	14,050	5,630	8,415	295	115	170
$20,000 to $29,999	10,975	4,920	6,055	230	125	105
$30,000 to $39,999	9,875	4,740	5,135	200	115	90
$40,000 to $49,999	9,415	4,780	4,640	125	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	8,145	4,340	3,805	115	80	30
$60,000 to $69,999	6,555	3,565	2,990	65	55	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,810	2,850	1,965	30	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,625	2,180	1,440	15	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	3,025	1,665	1,365	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	6,205	4,225	1,980	15	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	4,910	3,245	1,665	10	5	5
$150,000 and over	1,295	975	320	0	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	89,240	44,240	45,005	1,285	685	595
Without after-tax income	3,095	1,480	1,610	25	10	20
With after-tax income	86,150	42,760	43,390	1,255	680	580
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.7	96.4	97.7	99.3	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,925	3,990	5,935	155	65	90
$10,000 to $19,999	14,620	5,910	8,710	300	120	185
$20,000 to $29,999	13,045	5,905	7,135	295	170	125
$30,000 to $39,999	12,255	6,115	6,145	215	125	85
$40,000 to $49,999	11,195	5,945	5,255	150	100	55
$50,000 to $59,999	8,740	4,790	3,950	80	55	20
$60,000 to $69,999	5,840	3,440	2,395	40	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,275	2,470	1,810	15	5	0
$80,000 and over	6,245	4,195	2,050	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,655	1,635	1,025	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,365	920	445	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,220	1,640	580	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	89,240	44,240	45,000	1,285	685	600
Without employment income	24,730	10,665	14,065	435	200	235
With employment income	64,510	33,575	30,940	850	485	360
Percentage with employment income	72.3	75.9	68.8	66.1	70.8	60.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,215	4,230	3,985	110	60	50
$5,000 to $9,999	4,605	2,050	2,555	70	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	7,705	3,385	4,320	135	65	75
$20,000 to $29,999	6,425	3,005	3,415	135	75	65
$30,000 to $39,999	6,505	3,155	3,350	150	75	75
$40,000 to $49,999	6,455	3,340	3,120	90	55	30
$50,000 to $59,999	6,110	3,195	2,915	70	55	15
$60,000 to $69,999	4,755	2,650	2,105	40	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,625	2,180	1,440	15	15	5
$80,000 and over	10,120	6,390	3,730	30	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,020	1,790	1,230	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,610	1,410	1,200	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	4,490	3,185	1,300	10	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	43,435	...	...	690	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,905	...	...	51,285	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,557	...	...	45,696	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,935	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,945	...	...	25,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,629	...	...	24,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	33,505	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,429	...	...	62,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,559	...	...	55,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	43,445	...	...	690	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,240	...	...	55,122	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	77,250	...	...	48,606	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,930	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,271	...	...	31,471	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,268	...	...	27,434	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	33,520	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	106,745	...	...	66,678	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,389	...	...	58,951	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	43,435	...	...	690	...	...
Under $5,000	340	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	350	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	975	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,650	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,585	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,435	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,740	...	...	50	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,630	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,675	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,530	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,175	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,060	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,900	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,785	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,630	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,970	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,405	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,825	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,215	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,525	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,435	...	...	690	...	...
Under $5,000	390	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	365	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,000	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,700	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,775	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,585	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,030	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,950	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,000	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,950	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,865	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,635	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,505	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,190	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,765	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,745	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,205	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,125	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,415	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	32,845	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,363	...	...	62,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,416	...	...	55,936	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,300	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,248	...	...	52,352	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,823	...	...	46,912	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	13,745	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,842	...	...	88,064	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,320	...	...	78,848	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,040	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,111	...	...	50,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,456	...	...	46,464	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	32,815	...	...	450	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,634	...	...	66,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,223	...	...	59,164	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,315	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	92,062	...	...	58,412	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,125	...	...	51,718	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	13,730	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,043	...	...	85,763	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,266	...	...	75,170	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,045	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,374	...	...	53,116	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,599	...	...	48,493	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,130	6,055	6,080	240	155	85
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,516	36,333	28,720	25,899	29,024	22,336
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,557	32,269	26,641	24,640	25,440	21,824
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,210	6,095	6,110	250	165	85
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,644	44,715	38,584	31,147	31,562	30,372
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,096	36,818	33,380	27,239	27,923	25,962
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	107,305	53,405	53,895	1,570	840	730
In the bottom half of the distribution	45,455	22,050	23,405	1,115	590	525
In the bottom decile	6,875	3,390	3,480	160	80	75
In the second decile	9,135	4,085	5,045	250	130	120
In the third decile	9,275	4,555	4,720	255	140	115
In the fourth decile	9,540	4,695	4,850	270	140	125
In the fifth decile	10,635	5,325	5,315	185	100	90
In the top half of the distribution	61,845	31,355	30,490	450	245	205
In the sixth decile	11,670	5,920	5,750	180	95	85
In the seventh decile	12,325	6,200	6,130	130	70	55
In the eighth decile	13,555	6,855	6,700	90	50	40
In the ninth decile	14,120	7,210	6,910	35	15	15
In the top decile	10,170	5,170	5,000	20	10	10
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	107,300	53,405	53,895	1,570	840	730
0 to 17 years	21,835	11,105	10,730	330	175	155
0 to 5 years	6,890	3,430	3,455	115	60	50
18 to 64 years	67,830	33,660	34,170	955	515	445
65 years and over	17,640	8,640	9,000	285	155	130
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,345	5,265	6,075	285	145	140
0 to 17 years	2,560	1,340	1,215	60	30	35
0 to 5 years	855	445	410	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	6,210	2,915	3,290	150	85	70
65 years and over	2,570	1,005	1,570	75	40	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.6	9.9	11.3	18.2	17.3	19.2
0 to 17 years (%)	11.7	12.1	11.3	18.2	17.1	22.6
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	13.0	11.9	8.7	8.3	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.7	9.6	15.7	16.5	15.7
65 years and over (%)	14.6	11.6	17.4	26.3	25.8	23.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,570	1,820	1,755	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	710	375	340	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	225	120	110	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,630	1,345	1,290	55	30	25
65 years and over	230	100	125	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.4	3.3	4.8	4.2	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.4	3.2	4.5	2.9	6.5
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.5	3.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.9	4.0	3.8	5.8	5.8	5.6
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.8	0.0	3.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	107,315	53,440	53,875	1,570	880	690
Official languages	107,235	53,410	53,820	1,570	880	690
English	96,830	48,535	48,295	280	140	135
French	81,550	40,080	41,475	1,570	875	690
Non-official languages	6,575	3,080	3,495	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	45	10	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,525	3,070	3,455	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	420	245	175	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	420	240	175	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	410	245	170	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	45	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	30	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	15	105	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	15	90	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	210	110	100	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	30	15	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	165	85	85	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,910	2,325	2,585	10	10	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	585	255	330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	565	245	320	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Czech	60	25	40	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	190	70	120	0	0	0
Russian	175	75	95	0	0	0
Serbian	40	25	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,530	795	730	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	45	20	30	0	0	0
Dutch	370	180	185	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,095	585	510	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	150	90	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	440	215	225	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	395	185	210	0	0	0
Bengali	100	45	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	85	45	45	0	0	0
Hindi	65	25	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	110	50	60	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	30	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,300	1,010	1,295	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	470	230	240	0	0	0
Portuguese	180	120	60	0	0	0
Romanian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Spanish	1,735	715	1,020	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	220	115	105	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	40	20	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	65	40	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	60	25	35	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	205	55	145	0	0	0
American Sign Language	50	10	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	105	35	75	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	20	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	185	85	110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	190	80	105	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	10	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	135	60	70	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	35	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	180	90	95	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	150	80	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	107,315	53,440	53,880	1,570	880	690
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	106,040	52,875	53,165	1,570	875	690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	21,655	11,065	10,590	350	210	140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	84,380	41,810	42,570	1,215	665	555
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,275	565	715	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	107,315	53,440	53,875	1,570	880	690
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	101,600	50,615	50,990	1,560	870	690
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,490	2,720	2,775	10	10	0
Before 1981	2,540	1,400	1,135	0	10	0
1981 to 1990	810	410	400	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	835	380	455	0	10	0
2001 to 2010	985	400	585	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	460	190	265	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	530	210	315	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	330	130	195	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	220	105	110	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,495	2,720	2,775	0	10	0
Under 5 years	840	435	410	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,070	620	450	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,250	590	660	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,040	950	1,090	10	0	0
45 years and over	290	130	160	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,490	2,720	2,775	10	10	0
Americas	985	420	570	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	40	20	15	0	0	0
Guyana	35	20	15	0	0	0
Haiti	155	75	80	0	0	0
Jamaica	75	35	35	0	0	0
Mexico	60	20	40	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	15	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	435	175	265	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	145	55	90	0	0	0
Europe	3,110	1,625	1,485	10	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	35	20	10	0	0	0
France	180	105	75	10	10	0
Germany	300	150	150	0	0	0
Greece	60	35	25	0	0	0
Hungary	60	40	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Italy	130	75	50	0	0	0
Netherlands	310	165	145	0	0	0
Poland	105	50	55	0	0	0
Portugal	60	40	20	0	0	0
Romania	70	35	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	65	20	40	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	20	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	0	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	985	495	490	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	660	340	315	0	0	0
Africa	435	225	210	0	0	0
Algeria	35	25	15	0	0	0
Egypt	45	25	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	290	140	145	0	0	0
Asia	940	430	505	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	60	25	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	125	30	95	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	125	60	70	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	30	30	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	170	105	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	65	30	35	0	0	0
Philippines	90	20	75	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	30	10	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	110	60	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	330	130	195	0	0	0
Americas	110	45	65	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	25	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	75	35	45	0	0	0
France	20	0	15	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	55	15	40	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	0	0	0
Asia	80	35	45	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	107,315	53,440	53,875	1,570	880	695
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,175	3,055	3,115	10	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,865	4,020	3,850	10	10	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	93,275	46,365	46,915	1,550	865	690
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,060	1,385	1,670	10	10	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,440	745	700	10	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	645	460	185	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	795	285	510	10	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,170	405	765	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	440	240	200	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	107,315	53,440	53,875	1,570	880	690
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,285	1,530	1,760	45	20	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,150	1,470	1,675	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,420	635	780	0	10	0
Métis	1,665	805	865	25	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	65	30	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	104,025	51,910	52,110	1,525	855	665
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	107,315	53,440	53,875	1,570	875	690
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	600	275	325	0	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	106,715	53,165	53,550	1,565	870	690
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	107,315	53,440	53,875	1,570	880	690
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	900	390	505	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	875	385	490	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	585	265	320	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	245	100	145	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	45	20	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,140	2,935	3,205	125	80	50
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,985	2,875	3,110	125	75	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,060	1,930	2,130	125	80	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,865	915	955	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	30	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	155	60	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	65	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	100,275	50,110	50,165	1,435	800	630
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	107,315	53,440	53,875	1,570	880	690
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,240	1,475	1,760	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	550	260	290	0	0	0
Chinese	270	100	170	0	0	0
Black	1,195	530	670	0	0	0
Filipino	200	60	135	0	0	0
Latin American	250	105	140	0	0	0
Arab	385	230	155	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	135	75	55	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	55	35	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	85	25	60	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	104,075	51,960	52,115	1,570	880	690
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	107,315	53,440	53,875	1,570	880	695
North American Aboriginal origins	7,040	3,330	3,710	135	75	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,820	2,265	2,560	135	80	60
Inuit	105	50	50	0	0	0
Métis	2,285	1,085	1,205	0	0	0
Other North American origins	67,530	33,390	34,140	1,345	745	595
Acadian	350	160	190	0	0	10
American	825	395	425	0	0	0
Canadian	66,615	32,935	33,680	1,285	725	565
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	40	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	155	70	85	0	0	0
Québécois	180	80	105	50	25	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	62,955	31,575	31,380	420	230	185
British Isles origins	32,175	16,100	16,075	65	35	30
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	14,520	7,270	7,250	10	10	0
Irish	15,800	7,590	8,215	50	30	25
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	13,810	6,855	6,950	10	10	0
Welsh	860	400	460	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,600	855	740	10	0	0
French origins	36,790	18,160	18,630	350	195	155
Alsatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Breton	20	15	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	36,750	18,135	18,615	345	195	155
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,375	4,690	4,680	15	15	10
Austrian	250	110	140	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	610	285	320	0	0	0
Dutch	2,895	1,465	1,430	0	0	0
Flemish	50	30	20	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	5,445	2,700	2,750	0	0	0
Luxembourger	40	20	15	0	0	0
Swiss	695	385	310	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,180	640	540	0	0	0
Danish	375	205	165	0	0	0
Finnish	235	120	120	0	0	0
Icelandic	45	10	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	245	115	125	0	0	0
Swedish	295	180	115	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	80	55	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,965	1,950	2,015	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	165	75	90	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	495	245	250	0	0	0
Latvian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	40	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,570	705	865	0	0	0
Romanian	145	80	60	0	0	0
Russian	480	235	250	0	0	0
Slovak	105	45	60	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,275	670	605	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,920	2,045	1,875	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	50	30	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	275	140	140	0	0	0
Italian	2,415	1,240	1,175	0	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Maltese	50	20	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	420	250	170	0	0	0
Serbian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	60	45	15	0	0	0
Spanish	525	250	275	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	295	145	155	15	10	10
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	125	70	65	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	150	65	80	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	625	250	385	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	30	15	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	225	105	120	0	0	0
Jamaican	245	90	155	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	0	15	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	475	210	270	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Colombian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	105	45	60	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	95	30	65	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	45	20	35	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	55	30	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,065	495	570	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	210	100	115	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Congolese	75	35	40	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	255	140	115	0	0	0
Algerian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	125	75	45	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	20	25	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	285	135	145	0	0	0
Afrikaner	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	120	60	60	0	0	0
Tanzanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	340	145	200	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	310	135	175	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,195	1,070	1,125	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	830	485	350	0	0	0
Afghan	25	20	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Armenian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	70	40	25	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	495	295	195	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	25	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	575	265	310	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	50	25	30	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	375	185	190	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	85	45	45	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	820	330	485	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	25	10	0	0	0
Chinese	385	145	240	0	0	0
Filipino	225	70	155	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	20	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	40	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	75	40	35	0	0	0
Australian	65	30	35	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	43,450	...	...	690	...	...
Owner	34,090	...	...	605	...	...
Renter	9,355	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	43,445	...	...	690	...	...
Condominium	2,210	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	41,235	...	...	680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	43,445	...	...	690	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,865	...	...	55	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,760	...	...	235	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,745	...	...	220	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,045	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	43,445	...	...	685	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,955	...	...	145	...	...
5 rooms	6,705	...	...	160	...	...
6 rooms	7,575	...	...	105	...	...
7 rooms	6,845	...	...	105	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,365	...	...	165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	43,445	...	...	685	...	...
One person or fewer per room	43,280	...	...	680	...	...
More than 1 person per room	160	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	43,445	...	...	690	...	...
Suitable	42,490	...	...	675	...	...
Not suitable	960	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	43,450	...	...	690	...	...
1960 or before	9,185	...	...	210	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,050	...	...	270	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,240	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,100	...	...	55	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,385	...	...	35	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,500	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,985	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	43,445	...	...	690	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,410	...	...	630	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,035	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	43,445	...	...	685	...	...
1 household maintainer	23,250	...	...	465	...	...
2 household maintainers	19,705	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	490	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	43,445	...	...	685	...	...
15 to 24 years	805	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,010	...	...	90	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,915	...	...	80	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,680	...	...	165	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,905	...	...	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,015	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,190	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	920	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	42,400	...	...	670	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	33,580	...	...	570	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,820	...	...	105	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,025	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,140	...	...	590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.8	...	...	58.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.8	...	...	14.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,216	...	...	591	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,302	...	...	670	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	280,287	...	...	140,196	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	310,060	...	...	149,698	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,310	...	...	80	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.6	...	...	18.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	865	...	...	520	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	922	...	...	684	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	89,275	44,280	45,000	1,275	695	575
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,320	9,410	7,910	405	220	190
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	27,450	13,405	14,050	220	110	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,510	21,465	23,040	645	365	280
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,125	5,440	2,685	405	260	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,300	2,525	1,770	265	145	120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,830	2,915	910	140	110	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,290	9,815	11,475	170	80	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,825	770	1,055	20	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,270	5,440	7,830	55	35	20
Bachelor's degree	9,645	3,795	5,850	30	15	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,070	415	650	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	115	125	10	10	0
Master's degree	2,005	950	1,055	15	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	305	165	140	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	59,590	29,385	30,210	855	470	380
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,980	4,265	2,715	240	130	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,795	8,735	9,065	135	70	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,815	16,385	18,425	475	265	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,895	3,850	2,040	305	195	115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,125	1,765	1,365	205	115	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,765	2,085	680	100	80	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,160	7,960	9,195	125	55	70
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,200	515	685	20	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,560	4,060	6,505	30	10	20
Bachelor's degree	7,700	2,905	4,800	20	10	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	810	255	555	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	95	120	0	10	0
Master's degree	1,625	710	910	0	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	220	95	125	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	89,275	44,280	45,000	1,275	695	575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,765	22,810	21,955	625	330	300
Education	3,615	810	2,810	50	15	35
13. Education	3,615	805	2,810	50	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,205	500	705	25	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	265	185	80	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	940	315	625	25	10	15
Humanities	1,740	600	1,145	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	250	35	215	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	260	75	185	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	460	160	300	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	15	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	40	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	40	70	0	0	0
54. History	360	185	175	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	200	50	145	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,775	1,380	3,395	15	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	450	180	270	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,115	60	1,055	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	795	250	535	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	120	10	115	0	0	0
42. Psychology	700	140	565	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,545	725	820	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,370	2,895	5,475	90	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	780	130	650	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,565	2,760	4,805	85	25	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,080	570	510	15	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	515	210	300	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	175	105	75	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	280	205	75	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	40	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,790	1,180	610	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,485	1,060	420	0	0	0
25. Library science	150	35	115	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	135	70	70	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,760	9,255	510	225	210	15
04. Architecture and related services	245	185	60	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,015	920	90	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,095	1,905	190	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,370	2,320	45	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,985	2,915	70	90	75	15
48. Precision production	1,045	1,005	40	70	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,565	1,130	435	50	20	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,260	895	365	45	20	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	310	235	75	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,420	1,040	5,380	65	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	465	225	240	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,930	800	5,130	65	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	10	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,195	2,120	2,075	105	55	45
12. Personal and culinary services	2,040	450	1,585	55	15	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	50	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	100	95	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,360	920	440	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	650	610	45	40	35	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	59,590	29,380	30,210	855	470	385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	24,775	12,995	11,780	375	205	170
Education	2,670	560	2,110	10	0	15
13. Education	2,670	555	2,110	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	900	325	570	20	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	195	125	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	710	205	505	20	10	15
Humanities	1,265	400	865	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	215	35	180	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	190	45	140	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	305	90	215	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	30	45	0	0	0
54. History	310	155	155	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	130	15	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,920	1,075	2,840	20	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	110	200	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	925	55	875	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	700	215	485	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	95	10	85	0	0	0
42. Psychology	595	105	495	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,250	580	670	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,660	2,195	4,465	90	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	640	95	550	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,990	2,095	3,900	80	25	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	815	395	415	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	405	170	235	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	80	65	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	185	120	65	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,620	1,060	560	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,380	980	400	0	0	0
25. Library science	130	25	110	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	45	55	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,470	7,035	435	175	160	15
04. Architecture and related services	200	140	60	0	0	0
14. Engineering	710	625	85	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,610	1,460	155	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,840	1,810	30	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,385	2,315	70	85	70	10
48. Precision production	720	685	35	55	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,170	835	335	30	15	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	915	650	265	35	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	250	185	65	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,040	865	4,180	40	10	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	355	170	185	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,660	680	3,985	40	10	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	15	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,285	1,635	1,650	80	40	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,575	345	1,230	35	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	45	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	50	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,095	710	385	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	520	490	30	35	30	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	89,275	44,275	45,000	1,270	695	575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,770	22,810	21,955	625	330	295
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,510	21,465	23,045	650	370	280
Location of study inside Canada	42,345	20,410	21,935	650	370	280
Same as province or territory of residence	34,280	16,600	17,680	630	355	270
Different than province or territory of residence	8,070	3,810	4,255	20	15	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,170	1,055	1,110	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	465	245	225	0	0	0
Philippines	65	0	70	0	0	0
India	70	30	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	420	225	190	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	20	10	0	0	0
France	115	75	45	0	0	0
Other	995	460	530	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	59,590	29,380	30,205	850	470	380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,775	12,995	11,780	375	205	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,810	16,390	18,425	475	265	215
Location of study inside Canada	33,380	15,735	17,645	480	265	215
Same as province or territory of residence	27,515	13,070	14,445	470	260	205
Different than province or territory of residence	5,870	2,665	3,200	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,435	650	780	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	325	165	160	0	0	0
Philippines	60	0	60	0	0	0
India	60	20	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	220	110	110	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	20	10	0	0	0
France	65	40	25	0	0	0
Other	660	285	380	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	89,280	44,280	45,000	1,275	695	580
In the labour force	59,350	30,945	28,400	765	445	320
Employed	56,180	29,225	26,955	705	390	315
Unemployed	3,170	1,720	1,445	60	55	0
Not in the labour force	29,930	13,330	16,600	510	255	255
Participation rate	66.5	69.9	63.1	60.0	64.0	55.2
Employment rate	62.9	66.0	59.9	55.3	56.1	54.3
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.6	5.1	7.8	12.4	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	89,275	44,275	45,000	1,270	695	575
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,690	12,175	15,510	490	260	230
Worked	61,590	32,100	29,490	780	435	345
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	34,630	19,385	15,245	425	260	170
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	26,965	12,715	14,245	350	175	180
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	44.5	43.4	42.6	42.8	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	59,350	30,950	28,400	765	445	320
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	760	335	430	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	58,585	30,610	27,970	760	440	320
Employee	51,055	25,750	25,305	610	375	235
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,530	4,865	2,665	145	60	85
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	59,345	30,945	28,400	765	440	320
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	765	335	425	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	58,585	30,610	27,970	760	440	320
0 Management occupations	6,815	4,405	2,410	75	45	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,345	2,595	7,750	80	25	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,430	2,630	800	25	20	0
3 Health occupations	3,485	585	2,895	35	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,760	2,230	5,525	40	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,085	480	600	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	11,630	4,975	6,660	160	55	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,665	10,110	560	220	215	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,595	1,235	360	60	25	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,765	1,355	410	65	40	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	59,345	30,945	28,400	765	445	320
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	765	335	430	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	58,585	30,610	27,970	760	435	320
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,450	1,770	680	90	45	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	95	20	0	0	0
22 Utilities	215	185	30	10	10	0
23 Construction	6,330	5,595	730	85	80	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,955	2,965	990	115	75	40
41 Wholesale trade	1,870	1,415	455	25	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	6,310	3,195	3,110	80	50	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,855	2,045	815	50	40	10
51 Information and cultural industries	705	390	310	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,610	635	975	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	675	390	290	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,740	1,350	1,390	25	15	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,540	1,605	935	40	25	15
61 Educational services	4,665	1,130	3,525	25	0	25
62 Health care and social assistance	6,560	855	5,700	60	0	60
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	955	495	460	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,895	1,070	1,825	30	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,795	1,305	1,495	60	45	20
91 Public administration	8,315	4,120	4,200	30	10	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	56,180	29,230	26,955	705	395	310
Worked at home	4,630	2,390	2,240	115	45	70
Worked outside Canada	90	45	45	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	6,550	5,235	1,320	75	60	15
Worked at usual place	44,910	21,555	23,355	500	280	225
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	44,910	21,555	23,355	505	275	225
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,000	6,850	8,145	55	30	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,895	3,740	4,155	150	85	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	19,145	9,395	9,755	305	165	140
Commute to a different province or territory	2,870	1,570	1,300	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,465	26,795	24,670	580	335	240
Car, truck, van - as a driver	43,775	23,730	20,045	545	310	230
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,150	1,045	2,105	10	0	10
Public transit	2,055	840	1,215	0	0	0
Walked	1,775	805	970	20	10	10
Bicycle	160	110	50	0	0	0
Other method	545	260	280	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,460	26,795	24,670	575	335	245
Less than 15 minutes	13,310	6,190	7,120	100	55	45
15 to 29 minutes	11,345	5,815	5,530	175	90	85
30 to 44 minutes	12,925	7,225	5,710	235	135	100
45 to 59 minutes	7,770	4,275	3,495	35	30	0
60 minutes and over	6,105	3,285	2,820	35	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,460	26,790	24,670	580	340	240
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,135	4,320	1,810	50	35	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,935	8,050	5,890	130	95	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,650	7,080	7,570	220	110	105
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,310	2,760	4,545	60	30	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,145	1,210	1,940	25	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,290	3,365	2,925	95	60	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	63,135	32,900	30,235	815	455	360
Single responses	57,320	30,060	27,270	805	450	350
Official languages	57,230	30,000	27,230	805	450	350
English	34,675	19,075	15,600	10	10	0
French	22,555	10,930	11,625	795	445	350
Non-official languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	50	25	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	35	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,810	2,845	2,965	15	10	0
English and French	5,675	2,765	2,910	15	10	10
English and non-official language	95	50	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	63,135	32,900	30,230	815	460	360
None	31,535	16,615	14,920	725	400	325
English	15,430	7,755	7,675	85	45	35
French	15,935	8,420	7,510	10	10	0
Non-official language	190	75	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	185	75	110	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	106,220	52,870	53,355	1,550	870	675
Non-movers	95,730	47,915	47,820	1,400	800	595
Movers	10,495	4,955	5,535	145	70	80
Non-migrants	4,950	2,330	2,615	35	15	15
Migrants	5,545	2,625	2,920	110	50	65
Internal migrants	5,335	2,525	2,805	110	45	65
Intraprovincial migrants	4,260	1,975	2,280	115	50	65
Interprovincial migrants	1,080	550	525	0	0	0
External migrants	210	100	110	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,640	50,535	51,105	1,470	835	635
Non-movers	68,750	34,630	34,120	1,015	590	430
Movers	32,895	15,910	16,985	450	240	205
Non-migrants	15,035	7,275	7,760	155	90	65
Migrants	17,860	8,635	9,220	290	150	145
Internal migrants	17,205	8,325	8,885	295	150	140
Intraprovincial migrants	13,325	6,420	6,900	280	145	140
Interprovincial migrants	3,890	1,905	1,980	15	10	0
External migrants	650	310	340	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Sainte-Clotilde-de-Horton, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec