Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton East--Stoney Creek [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hamilton East--Stoney Creek Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Division No. 1, Subd. A, SNO Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Hamilton East--Stoney Creek [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Hamilton East--Stoney Creek [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	107,848	...	...	731^E	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	107,786	...	...	757	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.1	...	...	-3.4^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	45,084	...	...	726	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	43,804	...	...	353	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,600.2	...	...	0.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	67.40	...	...	780.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	107,845	52,600	55,250	730	380	350
0 to 14 years	16,630	8,590	8,040	40	25	20
0 to 4 years	5,455	2,845	2,615	10	10	5
5 to 9 years	5,610	2,885	2,720	10	5	5
10 to 14 years	5,565	2,860	2,705	20	10	15
15 to 64 years	70,415	34,795	35,615	460	245	225
15 to 19 years	5,890	3,040	2,850	20	15	10
20 to 24 years	6,450	3,330	3,120	15	10	10
25 to 29 years	6,680	3,315	3,360	20	5	5
30 to 34 years	6,810	3,415	3,390	25	10	10
35 to 39 years	6,390	3,105	3,290	20	10	10
40 to 44 years	6,430	3,150	3,275	25	20	5
45 to 49 years	7,290	3,500	3,790	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	8,615	4,315	4,300	80	50	40
55 to 59 years	8,435	4,115	4,320	90	40	55
60 to 64 years	7,420	3,495	3,925	120	70	55
65 years and over	20,800	9,210	11,595	230	115	115
65 to 69 years	6,555	2,990	3,565	85	40	45
70 to 74 years	4,840	2,310	2,525	65	35	35
75 to 79 years	3,920	1,810	2,115	35	15	20
80 to 84 years	2,825	1,165	1,660	25	15	10
85 years and over	2,660	930	1,730	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	1,745	650	1,095	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	765	235	530	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	130	35	95	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	10	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.4	16.3	14.6	5.5	6.6	5.7
15 to 64 years	65.3	66.2	64.5	63.0	64.5	64.3
65 years and over	19.3	17.5	21.0	31.5	30.3	32.9
85 years and over	2.5	1.8	3.1	2.1	1.3	2.9
Average age of the population	42.7	41.5	43.9	55.1	54.5	55.8
Median age of the population	44.0	42.4	45.4	59.2	59.4	59.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	43,800	...	...	350	...	...
Single-detached house	24,800	...	...	340	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	8,700	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10,300	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,200	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5,275	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	885	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,870	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	75	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	43,805	...	...	350	...	...
1 person	12,405	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	14,660	...	...	190	...	...
3 persons	7,155	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	5,885	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	3,695	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	107,175	...	...	730	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	91,220	44,005	47,210	690	355	335
Married or living common law	49,965	25,010	24,960	490	250	240
Married	41,870	20,965	20,905	420	215	210
Living common law	8,095	4,045	4,050	70	35	35
Not married and not living common law	41,250	18,995	22,255	200	110	95
Never married	24,910	13,605	11,305	95	65	35
Separated	3,250	1,435	1,810	10	5	5
Divorced	6,440	2,655	3,780	30	20	15
Widowed	6,650	1,300	5,350	65	20	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	31,275	...	...	265	...	...
2 persons	15,940	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	7,115	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	5,790	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	2,425	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	31,275	...	...	265	...	...
Total couple families	24,570	...	...	240	...	...
Married couples	20,525	...	...	205	...	...
Common-law couples	4,050	...	...	35	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,700	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	5,300	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	1,400	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,575	...	...	245	...	...
Couples without children	11,725	...	...	185	...	...
Couples with children	12,850	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	5,325	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	5,265	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	2,260	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,700	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,215	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	1,790	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	695	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,855	8,195	9,655	120	70	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	43,805	...	...	350	...	...
One-census-family households	28,925	...	...	260	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,830	...	...	180	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	18,095	...	...	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,145	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,730	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	12,405	...	...	90	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,325	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	107,420	52,440	54,985	730	380	350
English only	100,065	49,355	50,710	715	375	345
French only	65	25	40	0	0	0
English and French	4,820	2,095	2,730	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	2,465	965	1,505	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	107,425	52,440	54,985	730	380	350
English	103,230	50,680	52,550	725	380	350
French	1,355	625	735	5	0	0
English and French	415	205	215	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	2,425	940	1,485	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,565	720	840	5	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.4	1.5	0.7	0.0	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	107,425	52,440	54,985	730	375	350
Single responses	104,800	51,115	53,685	730	380	350
Official languages	74,860	36,900	37,955	730	375	350
English	73,475	36,280	37,190	730	375	350
French	1,385	620	765	5	5	5
Non-official languages	29,935	14,210	15,730	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	29,925	14,210	15,725	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,405	740	660	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,330	705	625	0	0	0
Amharic	25	5	15	0	0	0
Arabic	1,040	560	475	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	175	90	85	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	55	30	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,090	490	605	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	515	240	280	0	0	0
Vietnamese	575	255	315	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	460	165	300	0	0	0
Bikol	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	370	125	245	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	35	40	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	170	80	90	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tamil	65	30	35	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25,200	11,995	13,205	0	0	0
Albanian	475	250	225	0	0	0
Armenian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,885	5,095	5,790	0	0	0
Baltic languages	60	25	40	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10,825	5,075	5,750	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	635	315	320	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Croatian	2,830	1,330	1,500	0	0	0
Czech	205	95	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	120	50	70	0	0	0
Polish	2,365	1,040	1,325	0	0	0
Russian	195	90	105	0	0	0
Serbian	3,285	1,670	1,615	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	225	110	115	0	0	0
Slovak	105	40	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	305	120	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	475	175	305	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	985	440	545	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	320	150	175	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	610	265	350	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	315	160	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,750	2,365	2,385	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,350	2,165	2,185	0	0	0
Bengali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	330	165	160	0	0	0
Hindi	230	115	115	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	60	35	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,360	1,170	1,185	0	0	0
Sindhi	30	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,250	625	630	0	0	0
Iranian languages	370	180	190	0	0	0
Kurdish	50	20	25	0	0	0
Pashto	65	30	35	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	265	130	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,735	3,660	4,075	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	4,990	2,335	2,655	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,055	525	535	0	0	0
Romanian	365	170	195	0	0	0
Spanish	1,315	625	695	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	145	70	75	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	225	100	125	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	40	15	25	0	0	0
Swahili	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	30	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	470	230	240	0	0	0
Chinese languages	455	225	235	0	0	0
Cantonese	215	115	100	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	170	75	100	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	105	45	60	0	0	0
Lao	70	30	35	0	0	0
Thai	35	15	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	120	60	55	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	105	55	50	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	370	155	220	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	360	150	205	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,625	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
English and French	225	115	110	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,285	1,160	1,125	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	30	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	25	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	107,425	52,445	54,980	730	380	350
Single responses	101,035	49,305	51,740	730	380	350
Official languages	86,140	42,325	43,820	730	380	350
English	85,720	42,135	43,580	730	380	355
French	425	185	240	0	0	0
Non-official languages	14,900	6,980	7,920	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,900	6,980	7,920	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	935	465	470	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	880	440	440	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	670	330	340	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	140	75	65	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	45	25	25	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	745	335	410	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	320	140	185	0	0	0
Vietnamese	425	195	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	75	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	50	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	50	25	20	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,170	5,670	6,500	0	0	0
Albanian	225	115	110	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,480	2,620	2,860	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,470	2,610	2,855	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	360	180	185	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	1,375	640	730	0	0	0
Czech	110	60	50	0	0	0
Macedonian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Polish	1,105	500	610	0	0	0
Russian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Serbian	1,985	985	995	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	110	60	45	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	45	65	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	25	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	115	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,230	1,565	1,665	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,005	1,455	1,545	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	195	100	100	0	0	0
Hindi	115	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	55	30	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,710	835	875	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	850	410	445	0	0	0
Iranian languages	210	100	115	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	40	15	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	155	70	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,040	1,280	1,760	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,760	685	1,075	0	0	0
Portuguese	385	180	205	0	0	0
Romanian	180	85	95	0	0	0
Spanish	710	330	380	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	110	55	50	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	35	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	20	0	20	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	275	140	130	0	0	0
Chinese languages	265	140	125	0	0	0
Cantonese	125	65	65	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Lao	45	25	25	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	35	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	45	60	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,385	3,140	3,240	5	0	0
English and French	155	80	80	0	0	0
English and non-official language	6,125	3,025	3,105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	25	50	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	107,420	52,440	54,980	730	380	350
None	91,745	45,005	46,735	730	375	350
English	6,115	2,970	3,140	0	0	0
French	695	285	415	5	0	5
Non-official language	8,675	4,100	4,580	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,660	4,095	4,570	0	0	0
English and French	35	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	35	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	35	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	90,560	43,760	46,805	690	355	330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,910	42,065	44,840	670	355	315
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,232	38,072	25,968	25,152	34,432	19,189
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,935	42,070	44,865	670	355	320
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,811	34,394	24,519	24,160	32,320	19,110
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,275	37,730	37,540	505	280	230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,063	35,917	22,964	22,080	32,256	14,005
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,590	29,215	36,375	570	290	280
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,054	5,292	7,753	12,341	14,416	10,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,220	32,505	28,715	400	230	170
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,773	36,859	27,536	25,792	35,840	16,576
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	90,730	43,880	46,845	675	330	340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,080	42,135	44,945	655	330	330
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,461	45,959	33,369	35,031	44,888	25,216
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,105	42,140	44,960	655	325	330
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,795	38,554	29,335	30,057	37,537	22,610
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,260	37,690	37,575	490	250	235
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,059	44,998	31,099	32,095	42,575	20,957
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,555	29,215	36,340	575	265	310
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,724	8,229	9,122	12,782	15,148	10,764
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,410	32,615	28,795	340	190	150
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,996	43,718	33,647	37,185	48,768	22,491
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	90,725	43,880	46,850	670	330	340
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	29,390	16,540	12,850	115	75	40
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,010	55,648	43,773	47,995	58,197	27,184
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,546	62,120	49,370	59,477	74,412	33,695
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.4	87.7	77.8	74.1	76.7	62.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.7	73.7	64.5	64.9	69.7	53.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.6	12.3	22.2	26.2	21.9	35.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	90,560	43,755	46,810	690	355	335
Without total income	3,655	1,685	1,965	20	0	15
With total income	86,910	42,065	44,840	670	350	315
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	97.1	98.6	94.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,845	5,025	6,815	100	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	15,920	5,970	9,945	165	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	14,245	5,655	8,590	125	55	75
$30,000 to $39,999	11,275	5,400	5,870	85	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	9,530	4,930	4,600	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	6,975	3,930	3,045	30	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	4,995	3,020	1,980	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,460	2,240	1,215	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,480	1,650	825	10	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,035	1,210	825	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	4,150	3,025	1,130	60	55	5
$100,000 to $149,999	3,145	2,260	890	45	40	5
$150,000 and over	1,010	765	240	10	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	90,560	43,755	46,805	685	355	330
Without after-tax income	3,625	1,690	1,940	20	5	10
With after-tax income	86,935	42,070	44,865	670	350	320
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	97.8	98.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,110	5,100	7,015	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	16,665	6,235	10,435	170	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	16,355	6,760	9,595	150	60	85
$30,000 to $39,999	13,545	6,710	6,830	85	55	25
$40,000 to $49,999	10,385	5,715	4,665	50	35	10
$50,000 to $59,999	6,685	4,085	2,600	30	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	4,190	2,710	1,480	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,980	1,880	1,095	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	4,025	2,880	1,150	55	50	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,640	1,095	545	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	810	605	200	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	1,580	1,180	400	25	25	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	90,565	43,755	46,810	690	355	335
Without employment income	29,345	11,250	18,095	290	125	165
With employment income	61,220	32,505	28,710	400	225	170
Percentage with employment income	67.6	74.3	61.3	58.0	63.4	50.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,535	5,430	4,095	75	35	35
$5,000 to $9,999	4,610	2,020	2,590	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	8,060	3,525	4,540	65	25	35
$20,000 to $29,999	7,205	3,130	4,075	50	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	6,900	3,160	3,735	40	25	15
$40,000 to $49,999	6,225	3,105	3,120	25	15	5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,070	2,925	2,145	20	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,765	2,380	1,385	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,715	1,860	860	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	7,135	4,970	2,165	65	60	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,045	1,370	670	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,830	1,085	740	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	3,265	2,510	760	50	50	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	43,805	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,631	...	...	53,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,914	...	...	49,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,405	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,880	...	...	23,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,931	...	...	23,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,395	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,553	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,664	...	...	56,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,438	...	...	65,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,192	...	...	56,289	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,365	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,542	...	...	37,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,075	...	...	31,975	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,445	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,551	...	...	72,759	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,426	...	...	62,491	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	43,805	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	430	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	425	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,165	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,700	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,340	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,020	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,040	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,360	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,125	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,050	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,025	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,375	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,000	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,695	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,380	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,680	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,485	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,730	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,780	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,680	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,805	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	460	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	435	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,195	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,755	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,605	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,225	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,445	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,650	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,510	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,430	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,495	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,805	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,355	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,955	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,295	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,180	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,795	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,095	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,295	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,510	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,041	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,279	...	...	56,448	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,500	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,133	...	...	55,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,662	...	...	50,944	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,970	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,804	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,509	...	...	84,480	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,125	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,051	...	...	39,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,756	...	...	38,144	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,550	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,095	...	...	72,942	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,002	...	...	62,614	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,555	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,148	...	...	59,882	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,424	...	...	52,971	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,975	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,760	...	...	126,715	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,105	...	...	104,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,150	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,569	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,705	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,305	7,215	8,095	100	50	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,431	37,773	28,373	23,872	33,216	20,544
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,579	33,613	26,539	23,808	29,888	20,544
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,300	7,220	8,080	80	40	35
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,698	45,254	36,630	36,803	36,944	36,657
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,642	37,307	32,262	31,476	30,901	32,073
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	107,175	52,335	54,840	730	380	350
In the bottom half of the distribution	58,615	27,520	31,095	425	210	215
In the bottom decile	10,725	4,935	5,795	50	20	30
In the second decile	12,000	5,205	6,800	130	60	70
In the third decile	12,120	5,650	6,480	90	50	45
In the fourth decile	12,050	5,875	6,180	105	55	45
In the fifth decile	11,710	5,865	5,845	55	30	30
In the top half of the distribution	48,565	24,820	23,745	305	170	135
In the sixth decile	11,150	5,615	5,535	80	45	35
In the seventh decile	10,855	5,515	5,335	65	35	30
In the eighth decile	10,250	5,250	5,000	55	30	25
In the ninth decile	9,855	5,080	4,775	45	20	25
In the top decile	6,460	3,360	3,095	60	40	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	107,175	52,340	54,835	730	375	350
0 to 17 years	19,990	10,345	9,645	55	30	25
0 to 5 years	6,575	3,440	3,135	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	66,885	32,940	33,945	450	230	215
65 years and over	20,295	9,055	11,245	225	115	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	16,575	7,345	9,225	140	60	75
0 to 17 years	4,830	2,475	2,360	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	1,765	905	865	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,325	4,130	5,190	50	25	25
65 years and over	2,415	740	1,675	75	35	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.5	14.0	16.8	19.2	16.0	21.4
0 to 17 years (%)	24.2	23.9	24.5	18.2	33.3	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	26.8	26.3	27.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	12.5	15.3	11.1	10.9	11.6
65 years and over (%)	11.9	8.2	14.9	33.3	30.4	40.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	12,760	5,765	6,995	25	15	10
0 to 17 years	3,605	1,865	1,745	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,370	700	675	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	7,670	3,485	4,185	25	15	10
65 years and over	1,485	415	1,065	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.9	11.0	12.8	3.4	4.0	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	18.0	18.1	9.1	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.8	20.3	21.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.5	10.6	12.3	5.6	6.5	4.7
65 years and over (%)	7.3	4.6	9.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	107,275	52,385	54,890	710	360	350
Official languages	104,695	51,310	53,385	710	360	350
English	104,615	51,280	53,340	710	360	350
French	4,865	2,130	2,735	15	0	10
Non-official languages	36,435	17,340	19,100	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	40	25	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	36,355	17,300	19,060	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,765	910	855	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	45	15	30	0	0	0
Somali	30	20	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,715	885	830	0	0	0
Amharic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,400	725	675	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	300	170	130	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	80	35	45	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	35	15	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,185	560	625	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	650	300	350	0	0	0
Vietnamese	550	270	285	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	675	240	435	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	60	15	45	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	10	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	620	225	395	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	165	90	70	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	70	40	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	50	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	250	105	145	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	105	40	70	0	0	0
Tamil	120	50	75	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30,490	14,575	15,910	0	0	0
Albanian	620	305	315	0	0	0
Armenian	80	30	55	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	12,485	5,960	6,525	0	0	0
Baltic languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Latvian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	12,415	5,915	6,500	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	895	465	435	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	3,835	1,810	2,025	0	0	0
Czech	265	115	145	0	0	0
Macedonian	185	60	125	0	0	0
Polish	2,725	1,255	1,470	0	0	0
Russian	395	195	205	0	0	0
Serbian	3,820	1,970	1,855	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	190	100	85	0	0	0
Slovak	95	35	60	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	350	150	200	0	0	0
Ukrainian	700	285	415	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	100	55	40	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,420	605	815	0	0	0
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	400	165	230	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	975	425	555	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	455	235	225	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,030	2,995	3,035	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5,700	2,850	2,850	0	0	0
Bengali	65	25	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	480	230	245	0	0	0
Hindi	1,315	685	640	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	20	10	15	0	0	0
Marathi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nepali	50	20	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,250	1,680	1,575	0	0	0
Sindhi	90	50	40	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Urdu	2,035	1,020	1,015	0	0	0
Iranian languages	380	170	215	0	0	0
Kurdish	85	45	40	0	0	0
Pashto	70	40	30	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	245	95	145	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	55	35	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,930	4,690	5,240	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	6,345	2,950	3,395	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,395	710	685	0	0	0
Romanian	505	225	275	0	0	0
Spanish	1,920	915	1,005	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	65	40	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	180	75	105	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	415	190	230	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	45	15	35	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	85	30	55	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Shona	70	30	40	0	0	0
Swahili	90	35	55	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	150	60	90	0	0	0
American Sign Language	80	30	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	65	30	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	535	255	275	0	0	0
Chinese languages	535	255	275	0	0	0
Cantonese	305	155	150	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	255	110	150	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	190	85	110	0	0	0
Lao	140	60	80	0	0	0
Thai	75	35	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	185	105	75	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	165	95	75	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	425	175	250	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	420	180	245	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	55	40	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	107,280	52,385	54,895	710	355	350
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	101,640	49,815	51,825	705	355	350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,145	9,950	9,195	45	40	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	82,495	39,865	42,630	655	315	340
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,635	2,575	3,070	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	107,280	52,380	54,895	710	360	355
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	76,595	37,975	38,615	700	350	350
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	29,920	14,030	15,890	10	10	0
Before 1981	12,770	5,925	6,845	0	10	0
1981 to 1990	3,590	1,705	1,880	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	6,050	2,990	3,065	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	4,925	2,200	2,725	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,530	1,145	1,385	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,395	1,050	1,345	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,585	1,210	1,380	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	765	380	385	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	29,920	14,030	15,890	10	10	0
Under 5 years	3,005	1,505	1,505	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,610	2,820	2,795	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	8,185	3,575	4,610	0	10	0
25 to 44 years	11,115	5,240	5,870	10	0	0
45 years and over	1,995	885	1,110	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	29,920	14,030	15,890	10	10	0
Americas	2,850	1,245	1,610	10	10	0
Brazil	60	30	35	0	0	0
Colombia	160	65	90	0	0	0
El Salvador	250	125	125	0	0	0
Guyana	280	130	155	0	0	0
Haiti	80	45	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	455	245	205	0	0	0
Mexico	100	50	55	0	0	0
Peru	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	205	80	125	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	620	195	430	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	630	275	350	0	10	0
Europe	18,200	8,545	9,650	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,785	930	855	0	0	0
Croatia	3,030	1,415	1,615	0	0	0
France	45	20	20	0	0	0
Germany	615	285	335	0	0	0
Greece	275	160	115	0	0	0
Hungary	235	100	135	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	125	60	70	0	0	0
Italy	3,630	1,690	1,940	0	0	0
Netherlands	345	150	190	0	0	0
Poland	1,880	860	1,020	0	0	0
Portugal	790	385	410	0	0	0
Romania	435	190	245	0	0	0
Russian Federation	80	25	50	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	910	435	475	0	0	0
Ukraine	275	115	165	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,265	1,020	1,245	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,465	705	765	0	0	0
Africa	1,045	515	525	0	0	0
Algeria	25	20	10	0	0	0
Egypt	105	45	60	0	0	0
Ethiopia	75	20	55	0	0	0
Kenya	45	30	20	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	30	10	20	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	30	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	680	340	335	0	0	0
Asia	7,755	3,695	4,065	0	0	0
Afghanistan	85	45	40	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	30	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	245	105	140	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	55	35	25	0	0	0
India	2,525	1,275	1,255	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Iraq	585	295	295	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	140	70	75	0	0	0
Lebanon	110	50	60	0	0	0
Pakistan	1,360	635	720	0	0	0
Philippines	655	245	410	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	75	35	40	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	135	75	65	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	450	205	245	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,145	550	600	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,590	1,215	1,375	0	0	0
Americas	365	185	175	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	40	25	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	25	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	90	55	40	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	25	40	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	110	50	65	0	0	0
Europe	515	260	250	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	40	10	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	345	200	145	0	0	0
Africa	270	120	150	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	50	15	35	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	40	10	30	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	145	75	70	0	0	0
Asia	1,430	650	790	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	10	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	410	190	220	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	195	90	105	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	350	170	185	0	0	0
Philippines	165	65	100	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	110	60	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	30	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	107,275	52,385	54,890	710	355	350
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	30,995	14,570	16,420	10	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	27,175	13,635	13,540	10	0	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	49,105	24,170	24,935	690	350	340
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	17,430	8,255	9,175	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,070	2,565	2,510	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,000	1,280	715	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,075	1,290	1,790	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	5,700	2,280	3,415	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	6,260	3,210	3,055	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	395	195	195	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	107,275	52,385	54,895	710	360	350
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,775	1,235	1,540	30	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,640	1,170	1,470	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,965	845	1,120	30	15	10
Métis	610	310	305	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	65	20	45	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	85	30	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	104,505	51,150	53,355	685	340	340
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	107,280	52,385	54,895	710	360	350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,065	420	645	15	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	106,215	51,965	54,245	690	350	340
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	107,275	52,380	54,895	710	360	350
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	640	270	370	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	630	270	360	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	565	250	320	15	0	10
Métis single ancestry	55	20	40	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,125	1,380	1,750	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,055	1,340	1,715	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,500	1,070	1,430	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	515	250	260	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	35	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	30	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	103,510	50,730	52,780	690	350	340
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	107,280	52,380	54,895	705	360	350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	17,435	8,600	8,830	10	10	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	6,595	3,320	3,285	0	0	0
Chinese	670	325	350	0	0	0
Black	3,255	1,620	1,635	10	10	0
Filipino	950	415	535	0	0	0
Latin American	1,300	635	665	0	0	0
Arab	1,195	670	525	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,650	795	850	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	435	195	240	0	0	0
Korean	290	150	140	0	0	0
Japanese	120	40	80	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	440	200	235	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	530	240	290	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	89,845	43,780	46,065	705	355	350
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	107,280	52,380	54,890	705	360	350
North American Aboriginal origins	3,765	1,650	2,115	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,145	1,355	1,790	20	10	10
Inuit	50	20	30	0	0	0
Métis	650	310	340	0	0	0
Other North American origins	26,055	13,015	13,035	425	210	215
Acadian	130	80	55	0	0	0
American	685	330	355	0	0	0
Canadian	25,380	12,710	12,675	425	210	210
New Brunswicker	15	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	25	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	30	10	20	0	0	0
European origins	79,075	38,410	40,660	285	145	145
British Isles origins	38,545	18,605	19,940	280	135	140
Channel Islander	15	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	22,420	10,665	11,755	220	105	110
Irish	15,005	7,135	7,875	125	55	70
Manx	25	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish	16,385	7,900	8,485	45	15	25
Welsh	1,625	715	910	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,130	970	1,165	0	0	0
French origins	8,265	3,790	4,475	10	0	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,265	3,785	4,475	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	11,385	5,570	5,815	0	0	0
Austrian	515	250	265	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	190	115	75	0	0	0
Dutch	3,410	1,650	1,760	0	0	0
Flemish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	7,920	3,865	4,055	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	240	130	110	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	995	460	535	0	0	0
Danish	275	125	145	0	0	0
Finnish	175	110	70	0	0	0
Icelandic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	180	70	110	0	0	0
Swedish	280	130	155	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	100	45	55	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	14,025	6,555	7,475	0	0	0
Bulgarian	95	45	45	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Czech	475	240	235	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	205	95	110	0	0	0
Estonian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,040	930	1,110	0	0	0
Latvian	70	45	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	225	100	130	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	6,450	3,085	3,365	0	0	0
Romanian	1,030	475	555	0	0	0
Russian	840	375	470	0	0	0
Slovak	370	195	175	0	0	0
Ukrainian	4,085	1,870	2,220	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	30,995	15,395	15,600	15	15	0
Albanian	665	325	335	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,385	705	680	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	4,800	2,370	2,430	0	0	0
Cypriot	45	35	10	0	0	0
Greek	955	465	485	0	0	0
Italian	15,635	7,680	7,955	0	0	0
Kosovar	125	70	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	305	125	180	0	0	0
Maltese	210	105	100	0	0	0
Montenegrin	70	50	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,630	1,325	1,305	0	0	0
Serbian	4,150	2,170	1,975	0	0	0
Sicilian	105	65	40	0	0	0
Slovenian	765	375	390	0	0	0
Spanish	1,090	525	565	15	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	385	195	195	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	350	160	190	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	135	50	85	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	60	30	35	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	105	60	45	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	2,135	1,060	1,075	0	10	0
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dominican	110	70	40	0	0	0
Grenadian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,255	610	640	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	335	160	165	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	25	20	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	130	70	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	90	40	50	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,840	920	925	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	80	35	45	0	0	0
Arawak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	80	55	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Chilean	80	30	50	0	0	0
Colombian	185	85	95	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	80	50	30	0	0	0
Guatemalan	130	75	55	0	0	0
Guyanese	255	130	125	0	0	0
Hispanic	75	40	35	0	0	0
Honduran	70	15	55	0	0	0
Maya	40	15	25	0	0	0
Mexican	185	85	100	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	95	35	55	0	0	0
Panamanian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	345	190	150	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	85	30	55	0	0	0
African origins	2,125	1,055	1,070	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	485	230	255	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	65	25	40	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chadian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Congolese	105	55	55	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	140	45	90	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	100	55	50	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	15	15	0	0	0
North African origins	250	135	110	0	0	0
Algerian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	135	70	65	0	0	0
Libyan	40	25	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	620	335	290	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	70	15	55	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	75	35	35	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	75	45	40	0	0	0
South African	80	40	35	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	130	80	50	0	0	0
Zulu	60	50	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	100	40	60	0	0	0
Other African origins	805	360	445	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	130	70	60	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	680	295	385	0	0	0
Asian origins	13,155	6,440	6,715	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,540	1,265	1,270	0	0	0
Afghan	185	70	110	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	280	145	130	0	0	0
Armenian	205	75	130	0	0	0
Assyrian	130	55	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	190	105	90	0	0	0
Iraqi	535	290	245	0	0	0
Israeli	25	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	95	50	45	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	170	80	95	0	0	0
Palestinian	165	80	85	0	0	0
Pashtun	40	25	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	165	95	70	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	220	115	105	0	0	0
Turkmen	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	130	70	60	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	70	35	30	0	0	0
South Asian origins	6,705	3,370	3,335	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	4,845	2,490	2,360	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	50	25	25	0	0	0
Nepali	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,265	630	635	0	0	0
Punjabi	510	255	260	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	120	45	80	0	0	0
Tamil	50	25	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	265	140	125	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,040	1,885	2,160	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	870	410	455	0	0	0
Chinese	1,105	535	575	0	0	0
Filipino	1,025	460	565	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	190	65	120	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	295	150	145	0	0	0
Laotian	190	80	110	0	0	0
Malaysian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	100	30	70	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	700	345	360	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	145	70	75	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	145	65	80	0	0	0
Oceania origins	120	60	65	0	0	0
Australian	65	25	40	0	0	0
New Zealander	35	15	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	25	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
Owner	29,470	...	...	340	...	...
Renter	14,340	...	...	10	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
Condominium	5,390	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	38,425	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
No bedrooms	110	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,965	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,310	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,195	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,230	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,565	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	7,155	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	7,435	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	6,345	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,310	...	...	100	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,940	...	...	350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	870	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
Suitable	41,265	...	...	350	...	...
Not suitable	2,545	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
1960 or before	14,515	...	...	75	...	...
1961 to 1980	16,615	...	...	140	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,420	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,985	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,655	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,655	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	965	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,420	...	...	325	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,395	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,515	...	...	215	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,130	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,155	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	43,810	...	...	350	...	...
15 to 24 years	620	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,850	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,795	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,805	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,365	...	...	75	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,990	...	...	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,600	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	1,785	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	43,770	...	...	350	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,520	...	...	295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,245	...	...	55	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,250	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,450	...	...	340	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.5	...	...	20.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.6	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,108	...	...	509	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,223	...	...	705	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	348,527	...	...	150,289	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	373,188	...	...	204,638	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,335	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	870	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	928	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	90,730	43,880	46,845	675	335	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,295	10,790	11,505	225	110	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	28,110	13,460	14,650	205	95	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,320	19,635	20,690	245	125	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,230	5,060	2,165	120	80	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,625	2,155	1,475	50	25	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,600	2,910	695	65	50	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	19,245	8,370	10,870	90	30	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,485	695	790	20	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,365	5,505	6,860	20	10	10
Bachelor's degree	8,980	3,915	5,065	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	895	380	515	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	115	105	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,095	980	1,120	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	175	115	55	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,015	28,400	29,615	340	160	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,895	4,740	4,150	95	50	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,950	8,970	8,980	110	50	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,175	14,685	16,490	140	65	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,750	3,285	1,465	55	45	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,460	1,470	990	15	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,295	1,820	475	45	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,275	6,570	8,710	70	15	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,060	470	595	10	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,085	4,360	5,725	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	7,305	3,110	4,200	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	720	290	430	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	90	90	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,730	775	950	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	145	90	50	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	90,730	43,880	46,850	670	335	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	50,410	24,250	26,155	425	205	220
Education	2,080	540	1,535	25	10	15
13. Education	2,080	540	1,540	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,330	625	705	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	290	235	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,040	395	645	10	0	10
Humanities	2,145	745	1,400	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	215	30	190	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	470	135	340	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	645	215	430	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	0	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	75	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	80	45	0	0	0
54. History	385	200	180	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	145	10	140	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,415	1,320	3,095	0	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	15	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	360	115	245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	925	55	875	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	570	160	410	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	10	75	0	0	0
42. Psychology	510	110	400	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,915	855	1,060	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	8,045	3,050	5,005	30	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	650	75	575	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,375	2,970	4,405	35	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,320	680	645	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	460	215	240	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	330	135	195	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	415	285	130	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	40	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,445	925	520	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,160	770	390	0	10	0
25. Library science	75	15	60	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	190	125	65	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,775	9,125	645	95	75	15
04. Architecture and related services	340	240	100	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,260	1,110	150	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,280	2,015	265	15	0	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,090	2,060	35	35	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,220	2,175	45	25	30	0
48. Precision production	1,570	1,515	60	10	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	520	305	215	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	335	185	145	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	115	70	0	0	10
Health and related fields	6,125	885	5,240	35	10	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	480	215	260	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,600	650	4,950	35	0	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	20	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,120	1,430	1,685	30	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,865	450	1,420	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	765	540	220	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	470	440	30	20	15	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,015	28,400	29,615	345	160	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,840	13,715	13,130	205	95	110
Education	1,475	385	1,090	0	0	0
13. Education	1,475	385	1,085	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	990	430	560	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	155	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	785	275	505	0	0	0
Humanities	1,705	540	1,160	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	210	30	185	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	395	120	280	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	505	155	350	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	50	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	60	30	0	0	0
54. History	280	125	150	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	10	115	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,520	1,045	2,475	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	315	85	225	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	700	45	660	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	510	140	370	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	0	55	0	0	0
42. Psychology	400	75	325	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,495	685	810	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,455	2,405	4,050	25	0	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	555	60	490	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,880	2,345	3,535	30	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	970	455	520	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	380	165	215	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	225	95	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	280	165	110	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	20	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,280	835	445	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,055	720	335	0	0	0
25. Library science	55	15	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	150	90	65	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,090	6,545	550	60	45	15
04. Architecture and related services	285	195	85	0	0	0
14. Engineering	955	835	125	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,725	1,500	225	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,365	1,335	30	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,615	1,580	35	15	15	0
48. Precision production	1,140	1,100	40	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	430	245	190	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	285	155	130	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	95	60	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,855	705	4,155	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	360	160	200	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,460	530	3,930	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	10	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,405	1,095	1,300	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,410	315	1,095	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	580	405	175	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	395	375	25	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	90,730	43,880	46,845	670	335	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,405	24,245	26,160	425	205	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,320	19,630	20,690	245	125	125
Location of study inside Canada	33,470	16,090	17,380	250	130	120
Same as province or territory of residence	32,320	15,495	16,825	220	105	110
Different than province or territory of residence	1,150	600	555	30	25	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,850	3,540	3,310	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	815	380	435	0	0	0
Philippines	285	80	205	0	0	0
India	920	460	460	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	490	280	210	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	65	20	40	0	0	0
France	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other	4,250	2,305	1,950	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,015	28,400	29,615	340	165	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,840	13,710	13,130	205	100	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,175	14,685	16,485	140	70	70
Location of study inside Canada	26,205	12,265	13,945	140	65	75
Same as province or territory of residence	25,350	11,825	13,530	125	60	65
Different than province or territory of residence	855	440	415	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,970	2,425	2,545	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	645	305	340	0	0	0
Philippines	260	70	185	0	0	0
India	775	385	395	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	185	75	110	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	15	40	0	0	0
France	20	10	0	0	0	0
Other	3,025	1,555	1,470	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	90,730	43,885	46,845	670	330	340
In the labour force	54,395	28,435	25,965	285	150	135
Employed	50,310	26,225	24,080	220	110	105
Unemployed	4,090	2,205	1,880	70	35	30
Not in the labour force	36,335	15,450	20,885	385	180	200
Participation rate	60.0	64.8	55.4	42.5	45.5	39.7
Employment rate	55.5	59.8	51.4	32.8	33.3	30.9
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.8	7.2	24.6	23.3	22.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	90,730	43,885	46,845	675	335	340
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	34,805	14,750	20,060	345	150	195
Worked	55,925	29,130	26,790	330	180	150
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	29,980	16,960	13,020	120	75	50
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25,945	12,170	13,770	210	110	100
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.6	42.8	35.6	36.3	34.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	54,395	28,435	25,965	285	150	140
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,355	645	715	10	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	53,035	27,790	25,250	280	145	135
Employee	48,270	24,505	23,775	225	110	110
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,765	3,285	1,475	60	35	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	54,395	28,435	25,965	285	150	135
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,355	645	715	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	53,040	27,785	25,250	285	145	135
0 Management occupations	4,585	2,820	1,760	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,835	2,285	5,545	25	10	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,695	2,155	535	10	0	10
3 Health occupations	3,130	405	2,725	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,940	1,400	3,545	0	0	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,025	485	540	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	13,920	5,430	8,485	60	15	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,745	9,110	635	65	55	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	625	470	155	40	30	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,545	3,220	1,320	45	25	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	54,395	28,435	25,965	285	150	140
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,360	645	710	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	53,035	27,785	25,250	280	145	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	290	190	105	35	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	90	10	10	0	0
22 Utilities	285	205	80	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,050	3,555	500	40	25	20
31-33 Manufacturing	8,500	6,290	2,210	75	50	25
41 Wholesale trade	2,655	1,835	820	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,955	3,035	3,920	15	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,975	2,245	730	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	865	475	390	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,200	790	1,410	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	955	525	430	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,170	1,070	1,095	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	50	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,895	1,625	1,270	15	0	10
61 Educational services	3,400	1,035	2,370	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,875	725	5,150	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	745	410	340	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,505	1,315	2,195	30	0	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,265	1,140	1,120	15	10	0
91 Public administration	2,265	1,185	1,080	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50,310	26,225	24,080	220	110	105
Worked at home	2,245	1,120	1,125	25	10	15
Worked outside Canada	150	140	15	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,775	4,245	1,530	25	10	15
Worked at usual place	42,135	20,720	21,415	170	95	80
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,135	20,720	21,415	175	95	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	27,600	12,675	14,920	30	15	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	115	70	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,445	7,985	6,465	20	0	15
Commute to a different province or territory	95	55	30	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	47,910	24,965	22,940	195	105	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,665	20,645	17,020	180	105	80
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,545	1,510	2,035	10	0	10
Public transit	4,450	1,740	2,710	0	0	0
Walked	1,580	635	940	10	0	10
Bicycle	255	220	35	0	0	0
Other method	415	210	205	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	47,910	24,965	22,945	195	105	90
Less than 15 minutes	11,015	5,530	5,480	75	40	35
15 to 29 minutes	17,780	8,740	9,045	35	20	20
30 to 44 minutes	9,830	5,150	4,680	60	40	25
45 to 59 minutes	4,035	2,330	1,705	0	0	10
60 minutes and over	5,250	3,215	2,035	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	47,915	24,970	22,940	195	100	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,130	3,760	1,365	55	45	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,615	6,135	3,480	25	15	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,265	5,435	5,825	45	25	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,525	3,095	5,425	20	0	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,740	1,825	2,915	10	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,645	4,715	3,925	35	15	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	57,780	30,130	27,645	325	185	145
Single responses	57,080	29,785	27,300	330	180	145
Official languages	56,700	29,545	27,160	325	180	150
English	56,565	29,505	27,060	330	180	145
French	140	40	100	0	0	0
Non-official languages	375	240	140	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	375	235	140	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	335	210	125	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	105	50	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	100	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	65	50	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	80	45	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	125	80	45	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	40	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	25	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	25	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	695	345	350	0	0	0
English and French	205	65	135	0	0	0
English and non-official language	475	270	205	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	57,775	30,130	27,650	330	180	145
None	55,460	28,950	26,515	330	180	145
English	275	135	140	0	0	0
French	520	195	320	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,480	825	660	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,480	825	655	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	106,150	51,820	54,330	710	360	350
Non-movers	94,830	46,260	48,570	680	350	335
Movers	11,320	5,560	5,760	25	10	20
Non-migrants	7,385	3,555	3,835	10	0	0
Migrants	3,930	2,005	1,925	20	0	20
Internal migrants	3,295	1,685	1,610	25	0	15
Intraprovincial migrants	2,975	1,540	1,435	20	0	20
Interprovincial migrants	315	145	175	0	0	0
External migrants	635	320	315	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,940	49,680	52,255	705	355	345
Non-movers	68,010	33,195	34,820	615	315	300
Movers	33,930	16,485	17,440	90	40	50
Non-migrants	21,825	10,380	11,445	15	10	0
Migrants	12,105	6,110	5,990	75	30	45
Internal migrants	9,550	4,870	4,680	75	25	45
Intraprovincial migrants	8,865	4,510	4,350	60	20	40
Interprovincial migrants	685	355	325	10	10	10
External migrants	2,550	1,240	1,315	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hamilton East--Stoney Creek [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, SNO [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 26, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton East--Stoney Creek [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hamilton East--Stoney Creek [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton East--Stoney Creek [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador