Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kingston and the Islands [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kingston and the Islands Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Montcalm, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Kingston and the Islands [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Kingston and the Islands [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	117,543	...	...	1,260	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	116,996	...	...	1,309	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.5	...	...	-3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	58,302	...	...	527	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	51,451	...	...	491	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	330.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	355.75	...	...	468.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	117,540	56,285	61,255	1,260	645	610
0 to 14 years	17,230	8,845	8,385	220	120	100
0 to 4 years	5,630	2,915	2,715	75	50	25
5 to 9 years	5,925	2,995	2,935	80	35	50
10 to 14 years	5,670	2,930	2,745	60	35	25
15 to 64 years	77,420	37,565	39,860	855	430	425
15 to 19 years	6,465	3,250	3,220	80	40	45
20 to 24 years	9,110	4,445	4,665	75	35	40
25 to 29 years	8,825	4,400	4,420	85	40	40
30 to 34 years	7,900	3,920	3,980	75	35	35
35 to 39 years	7,090	3,520	3,560	75	40	35
40 to 44 years	6,460	3,185	3,280	60	30	30
45 to 49 years	7,155	3,435	3,720	90	40	50
50 to 54 years	8,700	4,205	4,500	120	60	55
55 to 59 years	8,275	3,785	4,485	115	60	50
60 to 64 years	7,445	3,420	4,025	85	40	40
65 years and over	22,895	9,880	13,020	185	100	90
65 to 69 years	6,925	3,100	3,820	75	45	30
70 to 74 years	5,285	2,415	2,870	45	25	25
75 to 79 years	3,980	1,775	2,205	25	10	10
80 to 84 years	3,240	1,365	1,875	20	10	10
85 years and over	3,470	1,220	2,250	20	5	15
85 to 89 years	2,165	840	1,325	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	1,010	305	700	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	270	70	200	5	0	5
100 years and over	30	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	15.7	13.7	17.5	18.6	16.4
15 to 64 years	65.9	66.7	65.1	67.9	66.7	69.7
65 years and over	19.5	17.6	21.3	14.7	15.5	14.8
85 years and over	3.0	2.2	3.7	1.6	0.8	2.5
Average age of the population	42.2	40.8	43.5	40.3	40.1	40.5
Median age of the population	41.7	39.7	43.6	42.1	42.7	41.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	51,450	...	...	490	...	...
Single-detached house	24,605	...	...	445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	8,570	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	18,105	...	...	40	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,015	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	3,675	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,985	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,325	...	...	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	175	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	51,450	...	...	490	...	...
1 person	16,870	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	18,615	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	7,295	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	5,865	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	2,810	...	...	40	...	...
Number of persons in private households	114,545	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	100,315	47,445	52,870	1,040	525	515
Married or living common law	53,855	26,990	26,860	700	350	350
Married	42,755	21,495	21,260	615	305	305
Living common law	11,100	5,500	5,600	85	45	45
Not married and not living common law	46,460	20,450	26,010	340	175	165
Never married	29,120	15,000	14,115	240	135	105
Separated	3,340	1,410	1,925	20	10	10
Divorced	7,430	2,655	4,775	40	25	15
Widowed	6,570	1,380	5,190	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	32,090	...	...	365	...	...
2 persons	18,165	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	6,565	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	5,365	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	1,995	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	32,090	...	...	365	...	...
Total couple families	26,160	...	...	330	...	...
Married couples	20,610	...	...	285	...	...
Common-law couples	5,545	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,930	...	...	35	...	...
Female parent	4,715	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	1,220	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,160	...	...	330	...	...
Couples without children	14,395	...	...	195	...	...
Couples with children	11,765	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	4,930	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	4,945	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	1,885	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,930	...	...	35	...	...
1 child	3,765	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	1,635	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	530	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	26,535	11,635	14,895	155	100	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	51,455	...	...	490	...	...
One-census-family households	30,930	...	...	355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,910	...	...	195	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	17,025	...	...	165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	580	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	19,940	...	...	130	...	...
One-person households	16,870	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,075	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	115,135	54,845	60,290	1,260	645	610
English only	98,700	47,490	51,210	635	320	320
French only	265	105	155	5	0	5
English and French	15,535	6,985	8,545	610	320	290
Neither English nor French	630	255	375	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	115,135	54,845	60,290	1,260	645	615
English	109,895	52,360	57,540	795	385	410
French	4,095	2,000	2,100	455	255	200
English and French	535	250	285	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	605	245	360	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	4,365	2,120	2,245	460	255	200
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.8	3.9	3.7	36.5	39.5	32.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	115,130	54,845	60,285	1,260	650	615
Single responses	113,440	54,065	59,370	1,235	635	600
Official languages	101,275	48,400	52,880	1,035	535	505
English	97,235	46,430	50,805	580	275	310
French	4,035	1,965	2,065	455	255	200
Non-official languages	12,165	5,665	6,500	195	100	95
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,135	5,650	6,480	190	95	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	895	460	435	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	870	450	425	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	820	425	395	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	220	105	115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	35	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	70	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	485	155	330	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	10	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	5	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	370	125	250	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	215	115	105	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tamil	95	55	40	0	0	0
Telugu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,500	3,530	3,970	185	95	90
Albanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,115	490	625	10	5	5
Baltic languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,080	475	605	10	5	5
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Czech	105	40	60	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Polish	385	165	225	0	0	0
Russian	245	110	135	10	5	0
Serbian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	25	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	50	65	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,485	610	875	170	90	85
Afrikaans	35	15	20	0	0	0
Danish	75	30	40	0	0	0
Dutch	565	250	320	5	0	0
Frisian	15	5	15	0	0	0
German	740	290	450	170	85	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	325	160	165	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,635	870	770	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,180	630	550	0	0	0
Bengali	195	105	95	0	0	0
Gujarati	160	80	80	0	0	0
Hindi	200	115	85	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	185	100	85	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	320	180	145	0	0	0
Iranian languages	445	235	210	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	415	220	195	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,860	1,375	1,490	5	0	0
Catalan	15	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	515	260	255	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,430	695	735	5	0	0
Romanian	80	30	55	0	0	0
Spanish	820	380	440	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	105	30	70	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	400	165	225	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	125	65	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	5	0	0	0
Swahili	15	5	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,800	845	955	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,770	830	935	0	0	0
Cantonese	430	210	225	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,165	545	625	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	95	40	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	45	35	0	5	5
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	70	40	30	5	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	205	80	125	0	0	5
Estonian	25	5	15	0	0	0
Finnish	50	15	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	65	70	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,695	780	915	25	15	10
English and French	585	265	315	20	10	10
English and non-official language	965	450	510	5	0	0
French and non-official language	90	40	45	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	60	25	35	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	115,135	54,845	60,285	1,260	650	610
Single responses	112,530	53,650	58,880	1,240	640	600
Official languages	107,655	51,365	56,295	1,110	570	540
English	105,620	50,365	55,255	825	425	400
French	2,035	1,005	1,035	280	140	145
Non-official languages	4,875	2,285	2,585	130	70	60
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,860	2,280	2,580	130	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	455	215	235	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	455	215	235	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	445	215	230	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	50	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	40	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	60	100	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	55	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,615	1,230	1,380	125	65	60
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	330	150	180	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	325	145	175	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	50	60	0	0	0
Russian	120	60	65	0	0	0
Serbian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	150	60	85	120	65	55
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	55	25	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	25	35	125	65	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	70	70	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	820	410	410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	555	270	280	0	0	0
Bengali	115	55	55	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hindi	80	40	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	45	50	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	150	70	80	0	0	0
Iranian languages	265	135	125	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	245	130	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,160	535	630	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	125	50	75	0	0	0
Portuguese	625	290	330	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	380	175	210	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	245	115	130	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,025	490	540	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,025	485	535	0	0	0
Cantonese	205	95	110	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	755	365	390	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	20	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	20	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,600	1,195	1,410	25	10	15
English and French	450	220	230	20	10	10
English and non-official language	2,025	925	1,105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	95	40	55	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	115,135	54,845	60,290	1,260	650	615
None	104,540	49,925	54,610	780	400	375
English	3,255	1,570	1,685	260	130	130
French	2,600	1,145	1,450	180	95	85
Non-official language	4,485	2,075	2,405	40	15	20
Aboriginal	45	20	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,440	2,055	2,385	40	20	20
English and French	75	40	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	25	30	5	0	5
French and non-official language	125	55	70	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	97,330	45,820	51,505	975	500	475
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,965	44,160	49,805	930	485	445
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,763	40,133	30,911	36,907	43,563	30,848
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,995	44,160	49,835	935	485	450
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,581	35,998	28,204	32,416	37,723	27,776
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,400	40,040	44,365	890	475	420
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,959	39,381	27,578	34,176	41,387	27,824
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,020	30,680	39,340	610	280	330
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,077	4,436	6,808	5,204	4,624	5,496
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,820	33,590	34,235	770	420	345
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,499	34,403	27,412	31,936	39,936	26,304
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	97,375	45,830	51,545	965	470	490
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,940	44,150	49,790	920	460	455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,927	54,171	40,503	41,204	49,542	32,784
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,965	44,150	49,810	920	460	460
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,277	44,577	34,578	34,877	40,901	28,794
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,520	40,010	44,510	850	450	405
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,684	54,302	37,937	38,454	45,102	31,031
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,155	30,675	39,475	580	265	315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,800	7,148	8,307	8,649	9,706	7,771
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,955	33,600	34,355	745	400	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,441	47,081	35,925	35,957	41,942	29,039
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	97,375	45,830	51,545	965	475	495
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	30,960	16,430	14,530	355	225	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	53,825	59,635	49,498	43,078	45,814	39,524
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,379	68,118	55,887	47,504	50,485	42,220
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.3	90.4	83.7	89.0	91.4	84.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.5	66.8	61.8	71.0	75.0	65.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.7	9.6	16.3	11.2	8.3	15.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	97,325	45,820	51,505	975	500	475
Without total income	3,360	1,660	1,700	45	15	25
With total income	93,965	44,160	49,805	935	485	450
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.7	95.9	97.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,210	5,480	6,725	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	16,550	6,670	9,885	125	50	70
$20,000 to $29,999	12,910	5,190	7,720	140	60	75
$30,000 to $39,999	10,725	4,650	6,075	130	55	75
$40,000 to $49,999	9,435	4,250	5,190	135	85	55
$50,000 to $59,999	7,450	3,570	3,875	95	55	40
$60,000 to $69,999	6,235	3,455	2,785	65	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	4,610	2,615	2,000	55	45	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,705	2,090	1,615	30	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,775	1,520	1,255	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	7,365	4,670	2,690	35	25	10
$100,000 to $149,999	5,085	3,090	1,995	20	10	10
$150,000 and over	2,275	1,580	695	15	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	97,325	45,820	51,510	975	500	475
Without after-tax income	3,330	1,660	1,670	45	20	25
With after-tax income	93,995	44,165	49,835	930	480	450
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.4	96.7	95.4	96.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,750	5,580	7,165	110	40	70
$10,000 to $19,999	17,315	6,980	10,340	135	60	80
$20,000 to $29,999	14,835	6,090	8,750	180	75	100
$30,000 to $39,999	12,675	5,620	7,050	170	90	80
$40,000 to $49,999	10,640	4,905	5,730	130	75	50
$50,000 to $59,999	8,150	4,460	3,690	85	60	25
$60,000 to $69,999	5,875	3,410	2,460	65	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	4,200	2,310	1,895	25	20	5
$80,000 and over	7,555	4,810	2,750	35	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,570	1,475	1,100	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,380	870	510	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	3,605	2,465	1,140	20	15	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	97,325	45,820	51,505	975	500	475
Without employment income	29,505	12,230	17,275	205	75	130
With employment income	67,820	33,590	34,235	765	420	345
Percentage with employment income	69.7	73.3	66.5	78.5	84.0	72.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,220	5,470	5,750	90	50	45
$5,000 to $9,999	6,020	2,680	3,340	75	40	35
$10,000 to $19,999	9,100	4,035	5,065	95	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	7,170	3,255	3,915	95	40	60
$30,000 to $39,999	6,400	2,945	3,460	100	45	55
$40,000 to $49,999	6,010	2,750	3,260	95	55	35
$50,000 to $59,999	4,830	2,345	2,485	75	45	25
$60,000 to $69,999	4,310	2,465	1,845	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,215	1,865	1,350	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	9,555	5,790	3,765	60	50	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,720	1,505	1,215	25	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,130	1,140	990	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	4,705	3,145	1,555	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	51,450	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,346	...	...	71,595	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,588	...	...	62,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	16,870	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,206	...	...	38,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,826	...	...	33,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	34,580	...	...	370	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,048	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,420	...	...	71,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	51,465	...	...	490	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,657	...	...	77,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,708	...	...	65,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	16,840	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,274	...	...	48,966	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,772	...	...	39,510	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	34,620	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,843	...	...	83,356	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,758	...	...	70,992	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	51,455	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	795	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	845	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,820	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,090	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,345	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,235	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,255	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,300	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,205	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,200	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,210	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,820	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,420	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,135	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,740	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,060	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,145	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,465	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,700	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,755	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	51,450	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	840	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	855	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,830	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,200	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,605	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,460	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,685	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,665	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,700	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,630	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,885	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,355	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,795	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,285	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,720	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,935	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,690	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,820	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,420	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	32,035	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,858	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,601	...	...	71,424	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,635	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,754	...	...	81,237	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,728	...	...	68,864	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,880	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,662	...	...	91,819	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,122	...	...	79,616	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,635	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,181	...	...	55,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,438	...	...	49,536	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	32,140	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,321	...	...	83,351	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,416	...	...	70,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,725	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,391	...	...	77,967	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,341	...	...	67,142	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,815	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,031	...	...	100,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,695	...	...	84,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,625	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,157	...	...	53,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,528	...	...	47,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,330	10,730	13,605	140	95	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,519	28,794	30,043	35,520	41,792	31,296
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,384	26,674	27,955	32,032	35,456	28,864
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	24,035	10,585	13,450	125	80	40
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,243	42,250	40,450	44,343	39,683	53,481
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,318	35,996	34,785	36,312	32,228	44,318
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	114,540	54,655	59,890	1,160	595	560
In the bottom half of the distribution	56,790	26,310	30,480	635	330	305
In the bottom decile	13,590	6,390	7,200	75	40	35
In the second decile	11,260	4,985	6,275	110	50	60
In the third decile	10,480	4,815	5,665	150	75	80
In the fourth decile	10,740	5,040	5,700	155	80	75
In the fifth decile	10,720	5,080	5,635	140	85	55
In the top half of the distribution	57,755	28,340	29,410	525	270	255
In the sixth decile	11,150	5,340	5,810	125	70	60
In the seventh decile	11,350	5,535	5,815	120	60	60
In the eighth decile	12,270	6,070	6,200	110	60	50
In the ninth decile	12,185	6,010	6,175	115	60	55
In the top decile	10,790	5,385	5,405	50	20	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	114,545	54,655	59,885	1,160	600	565
0 to 17 years	20,765	10,675	10,095	230	120	110
0 to 5 years	6,785	3,520	3,265	85	50	30
18 to 64 years	72,650	34,720	37,925	755	385	375
65 years and over	21,130	9,260	11,870	175	95	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,570	7,925	9,645	130	65	65
0 to 17 years	3,765	1,925	1,840	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	1,410	715	695	15	15	5
18 to 64 years	11,780	5,330	6,450	70	35	35
65 years and over	2,020	670	1,350	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.5	16.1	11.2	10.8	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	18.1	18.0	18.2	15.2	12.5	18.2
0 to 5 years (%)	20.8	20.3	21.3	17.6	30.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	16.2	15.4	17.0	9.3	9.1	9.3
65 years and over (%)	9.6	7.2	11.4	14.3	10.5	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,375	5,410	5,970	55	35	25
0 to 17 years	1,900	945	955	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	735	355	380	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	9,045	4,280	4,770	30	20	15
65 years and over	430	185	245	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	4.7	5.8	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	8.9	9.5	6.5	8.3	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.8	10.1	11.6	11.8	10.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	12.3	12.6	4.0	5.2	4.0
65 years and over (%)	2.0	2.0	2.1	5.7	5.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	114,570	54,645	59,925	1,160	585	580
Official languages	113,925	54,360	59,560	1,145	570	575
English	113,655	54,215	59,440	1,125	555	570
French	15,780	7,160	8,620	625	290	330
Non-official languages	16,760	7,815	8,945	155	90	65
Aboriginal languages	70	15	50	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	50	10	40	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	15	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,700	7,800	8,895	155	95	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,310	700	610	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,300	690	615	0	0	0
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	1,155	610	545	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	100	55	40	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	295	130	165	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	70	30	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	230	105	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	585	175	405	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	70	35	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	505	135	370	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	315	170	140	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	35	45	0	0	0
Tamil	180	100	80	0	0	0
Telugu	50	30	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,940	5,145	5,790	115	75	35
Albanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Armenian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,390	625	765	20	10	10
Baltic languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,350	615	735	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Czech	160	75	85	0	10	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	510	220	290	0	0	0
Russian	375	180	190	15	10	10
Serbian	100	40	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Slovak	75	35	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	150	70	85	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	15	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,410	1,045	1,360	105	70	35
Afrikaans	50	25	20	0	0	0
Danish	80	25	50	0	10	0
Dutch	675	280	395	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	1,620	725	900	85	55	30
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	60	30	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	425	215	210	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,090	1,120	965	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,590	850	735	0	0	0
Bengali	245	140	105	0	0	0
Gujarati	240	130	115	0	0	0
Hindi	690	370	320	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	10	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nepali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	330	175	150	0	0	0
Sindhi	40	25	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	55	30	30	0	0	0
Urdu	510	280	230	0	0	0
Iranian languages	530	280	245	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	50	15	30	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	470	255	220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,870	2,255	2,615	10	0	10
Catalan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	960	465	490	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,875	935	940	0	0	0
Romanian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Spanish	2,180	915	1,265	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	30	25	0	0	0	0
Japanese	165	80	90	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	490	235	255	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	250	115	135	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	80	30	45	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	60	30	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	15	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	15	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	225	80	140	0	0	0
American Sign Language	170	55	115	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	30	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,125	1,010	1,120	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,100	990	1,110	0	0	0
Cantonese	620	280	340	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,460	690	770	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	20	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	145	65	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	25	10	0	0	0
Burmese	15	15	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	155	80	70	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkish	145	75	65	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	210	75	135	0	0	0
Estonian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Finnish	85	35	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	100	40	55	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	114,570	54,645	59,925	1,160	585	575
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	109,640	52,260	57,380	1,115	555	560
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,240	10,375	9,870	235	110	130
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	89,395	41,890	47,510	880	450	435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,930	2,385	2,545	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	114,575	54,645	59,925	1,160	580	575
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	97,505	46,590	50,915	1,030	515	515
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15,415	7,190	8,220	110	60	55
Before 1981	7,070	3,230	3,835	30	20	10
1981 to 1990	1,685	810	880	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	2,055	995	1,060	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	3,010	1,405	1,605	65	35	35
2001 to 2005	1,440	685	755	30	15	15
2006 to 2010	1,570	725	845	40	20	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,595	750	845	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,655	860	790	25	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15,415	7,190	8,225	110	55	50
Under 5 years	1,835	850	985	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	3,120	1,560	1,560	30	10	25
15 to 24 years	3,420	1,430	1,985	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	6,065	2,890	3,180	45	20	25
45 years and over	975	460	510	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15,415	7,190	8,220	115	60	55
Americas	2,360	1,030	1,330	15	10	10
Brazil	100	45	60	0	0	0
Colombia	70	15	55	0	0	0
El Salvador	175	90	90	0	0	0
Guyana	80	25	55	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	170	85	80	0	0	0
Mexico	100	40	60	0	0	0
Peru	30	10	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	85	45	45	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,200	515	680	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	320	165	160	10	0	10
Europe	7,200	3,345	3,860	55	30	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	15	25	0	0	0
Croatia	30	20	10	0	0	0
France	120	60	55	0	0	0
Germany	600	225	375	30	20	15
Greece	170	105	65	0	0	0
Hungary	65	35	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	95	55	45	0	0	0
Italy	395	200	195	0	0	0
Netherlands	585	255	325	0	10	0
Poland	275	130	150	0	0	0
Portugal	1,120	560	555	0	0	0
Romania	75	40	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	100	20	80	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	70	35	40	0	0	0
Ukraine	90	40	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,755	1,275	1,475	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	620	260	355	10	10	0
Africa	1,055	530	525	10	0	0
Algeria	35	10	25	0	0	0
Egypt	265	145	115	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	65	30	35	0	0	0
Morocco	60	25	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	35	30	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	115	60	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	430	205	225	10	10	0
Asia	4,670	2,210	2,455	35	15	25
Afghanistan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	115	75	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	950	415	535	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	120	50	70	0	0	0
India	695	340	350	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	295	170	130	0	0	0
Iraq	90	55	35	0	0	0
Japan	75	20	55	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	345	175	175	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	50	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	365	185	180	0	0	0
Philippines	515	165	345	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	140	70	70	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	65	35	35	0	0	10
Viet Nam	160	70	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	595	295	295	25	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	130	80	45	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,595	750	840	10	10	0
Americas	255	130	125	0	0	0
Brazil	55	25	30	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	30	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	50	50	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	20	0	0	0
Europe	185	85	100	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	70	30	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	35	0	0	0
Africa	205	100	100	10	10	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	10	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	10	20	0	0	0
Egypt	45	30	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	15	0	0	0
Asia	945	430	515	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	20	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	190	80	110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Iraq	30	15	15	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Philippines	135	40	90	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	15	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkey	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	35	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	114,570	54,650	59,925	1,160	585	580
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	18,145	8,625	9,520	130	75	60
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	19,285	9,370	9,915	110	60	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	77,140	36,655	40,485	915	450	465
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	8,550	4,045	4,505	85	40	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	4,880	2,440	2,445	50	35	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,910	1,245	665	20	20	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,975	1,195	1,780	35	15	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,580	1,015	1,555	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,065	570	495	25	10	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	20	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	114,575	54,645	59,925	1,160	585	580
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,050	1,880	2,175	200	75	125
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,905	1,795	2,115	200	70	125
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,555	1,180	1,375	30	25	10
Métis	1,310	595	715	140	35	100
Inuk (Inuit)	45	20	20	30	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	80	45	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	110,520	52,765	57,755	960	510	450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	114,570	54,645	59,925	1,160	580	575
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,090	550	540	30	20	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	113,480	54,095	59,385	1,135	565	570
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	114,570	54,645	59,925	1,160	585	575
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	820	395	430	10	15	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	810	390	425	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	645	295	355	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	150	85	65	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,585	2,700	2,880	225	75	150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,445	2,645	2,800	225	75	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,100	1,960	2,145	65	30	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,305	670	635	125	25	100
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	20	20	30	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	55	85	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	50	80	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	108,160	51,550	56,610	920	495	420
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	114,570	54,645	59,925	1,160	585	575
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	11,545	5,740	5,805	40	25	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,350	1,260	1,095	0	0	0
Chinese	2,525	1,210	1,310	0	0	0
Black	1,730	900	830	40	20	15
Filipino	750	295	455	0	0	0
Latin American	885	380	500	0	0	0
Arab	1,020	555	465	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	545	240	305	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	460	260	205	0	0	0
Korean	525	260	260	0	0	0
Japanese	175	65	110	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	155	75	75	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	430	230	195	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	103,025	48,910	54,115	1,120	560	560
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	114,570	54,645	59,925	1,160	585	575
North American Aboriginal origins	6,410	3,095	3,310	240	85	150
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,890	2,310	2,580	80	40	35
Inuit	65	30	35	30	15	15
Métis	1,600	815	785	125	25	100
Other North American origins	41,505	19,830	21,675	340	170	165
Acadian	345	185	165	0	0	0
American	1,785	855	930	10	0	10
Canadian	40,155	19,175	20,975	335	170	170
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	115	60	55	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	25	25	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	85,695	40,250	45,450	965	485	485
British Isles origins	65,755	30,740	35,020	315	165	150
Channel Islander	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cornish	25	10	10	0	0	0
English	36,595	16,870	19,730	155	70	80
Irish	31,720	14,425	17,290	110	55	55
Manx	35	15	25	0	0	0
Scottish	28,175	13,130	15,045	150	80	65
Welsh	2,770	1,210	1,565	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,145	1,840	2,310	15	0	15
French origins	16,690	7,855	8,835	540	235	300
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	16,680	7,850	8,830	535	235	300
Western European origins (except French origins)	18,570	8,570	9,995	345	180	165
Austrian	700	325	375	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Belgian	400	200	205	25	0	25
Dutch	6,435	2,970	3,460	80	35	40
Flemish	45	30	15	0	10	0
Frisian	30	10	15	0	0	0
German	12,155	5,625	6,530	250	145	105
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	420	215	200	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,670	1,765	1,900	20	0	15
Danish	925	460	465	15	0	15
Finnish	670	325	345	0	0	0
Icelandic	250	130	120	0	0	0
Norwegian	975	515	460	0	0	0
Swedish	960	360	600	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	155	100	55	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	9,025	4,125	4,905	180	70	115
Bulgarian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	490	220	270	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	115	55	60	0	0	10
Estonian	145	60	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	940	460	480	0	0	0
Latvian	160	50	110	0	0	0
Lithuanian	245	130	120	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	3,575	1,640	1,930	40	10	25
Romanian	485	240	240	0	0	0
Russian	1,195	525	665	50	10	40
Slovak	295	135	165	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,640	1,195	1,445	90	50	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	65	30	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins	9,900	4,920	4,975	0	0	0
Albanian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	285	195	100	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	15	0	0	0	0
Greek	910	485	420	0	0	0
Italian	4,230	2,105	2,130	0	0	0
Kosovar	10	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Maltese	90	50	40	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,245	1,660	1,580	0	0	0
Serbian	180	80	100	0	0	0
Sicilian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	90	40	55	0	0	0
Spanish	1,020	435	585	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	150	65	85	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	705	350	355	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	375	185	190	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	30	0	25	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	275	140	135	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,100	540	560	10	0	10
Antiguan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	135	65	70	10	0	10
Bermudan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	105	45	55	0	0	0
Dominican	30	20	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	535	290	245	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	115	50	65	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	40	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,380	635	745	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	70	25	45	0	0	0
Arawak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Chilean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Colombian	120	25	95	0	0	0
Costa Rican	40	0	40	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	60	30	35	0	0	0
Guyanese	120	60	65	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	0	15	0	0	0
Honduran	45	20	20	0	0	0
Maya	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mexican	260	135	125	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	40	10	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	170	85	85	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	75	55	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	95	30	65	0	0	0
African origins	2,095	1,030	1,070	30	25	0
Central and West African origins	405	185	220	10	0	0
Akan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	0	10	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	20	0	10	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	20	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	45	30	20	0	0	0
North African origins	800	385	415	25	20	10
Algerian	40	15	15	0	0	0
Berber	55	20	35	0	0	0
Coptic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	445	225	220	30	20	10
Libyan	40	20	25	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	115	45	70	0	0	0
Sudanese	50	30	25	0	0	0
Tunisian	50	20	30	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	435	230	200	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	25	25	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	35	30	10	0	0	0
South African	205	95	110	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	30	20	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	500	235	265	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	70	30	45	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	450	215	235	0	0	0
Asian origins	9,335	4,675	4,660	30	10	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,010	1,130	880	25	10	15
Afghan	75	40	35	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	385	215	175	0	0	0
Armenian	100	45	55	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	570	340	235	0	0	0
Iraqi	95	60	35	0	0	0
Israeli	65	20	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	290	165	120	0	0	0
Palestinian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Pashtun	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Syrian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	165	100	65	20	10	15
Turkmen	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	30	25	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,555	1,385	1,175	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	95	45	55	0	0	0
Bengali	40	15	30	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,750	965	790	0	0	0
Goan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	35	15	20	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	400	210	195	0	0	0
Punjabi	65	30	35	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	165	90	75	0	0	0
Tamil	35	30	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	75	40	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	4,915	2,265	2,645	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	115	40	75	0	0	0
Chinese	2,900	1,395	1,505	0	0	10
Filipino	855	345	515	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Japanese	230	100	130	0	0	0
Karen	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	550	270	280	0	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	45	10	30	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	35	25	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	20	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	295	145	145	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oceania origins	245	140	105	0	0	0
Australian	180	110	75	0	0	0
New Zealander	50	25	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	51,465	...	...	490	...	...
Owner	30,055	...	...	410	...	...
Renter	21,410	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	51,465	...	...	490	...	...
Condominium	3,460	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	48,005	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	51,465	...	...	490	...	...
No bedrooms	265	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,995	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,720	...	...	150	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,235	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,250	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	51,465	...	...	495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,565	...	...	65	...	...
5 rooms	7,615	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	7,405	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	6,890	...	...	60	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,990	...	...	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	51,465	...	...	490	...	...
One person or fewer per room	51,200	...	...	480	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	51,465	...	...	490	...	...
Suitable	49,890	...	...	480	...	...
Not suitable	1,575	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	51,465	...	...	495	...	...
1960 or before	11,720	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	16,230	...	...	160	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,600	...	...	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,865	...	...	50	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,210	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,265	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,570	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	51,465	...	...	495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	48,420	...	...	455	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,045	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	51,465	...	...	490	...	...
1 household maintainer	30,865	...	...	260	...	...
2 household maintainers	19,295	...	...	230	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,305	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	51,465	...	...	490	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,035	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,195	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,325	...	...	95	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,295	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,365	...	...	95	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,620	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,540	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	2,085	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	51,345	...	...	440	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,730	...	...	400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	14,615	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,730	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,990	...	...	365	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.8	...	...	56.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.2	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,202	...	...	662	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,297	...	...	864	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,587	...	...	174,329	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	355,716	...	...	186,136	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	21,400	...	...	75	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,001	...	...	697	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,065	...	...	626	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	97,375	45,830	51,545	965	475	490
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,320	6,740	6,575	255	140	115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	26,925	13,500	13,425	290	125	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	57,135	25,590	31,540	420	210	210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,270	3,645	1,625	100	70	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,595	1,520	1,075	65	35	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,675	2,125	550	35	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,770	8,660	14,110	170	55	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,405	490	915	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	27,690	12,800	14,890	105	55	55
Bachelor's degree	16,010	6,770	9,235	75	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,430	600	825	10	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,340	745	595	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,170	2,855	3,315	20	15	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,740	1,825	915	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	60,750	28,845	31,900	675	330	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,635	2,585	2,055	95	70	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,615	7,860	6,755	240	100	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,495	18,400	23,095	340	165	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,400	2,320	1,080	85	60	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,745	990	755	60	30	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,655	1,330	325	25	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,840	6,635	10,205	135	45	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	805	320	485	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,450	9,130	11,325	80	35	45
Bachelor's degree	11,495	4,740	6,750	55	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	970	400	570	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,135	575	555	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,875	2,200	2,680	25	15	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,980	1,215	765	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	97,375	45,830	51,545	965	475	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40,240	20,240	20,000	540	265	280
Education	3,860	1,040	2,825	30	10	25
13. Education	3,860	1,040	2,825	35	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,080	835	1,245	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	335	275	60	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,745	565	1,185	10	0	10
Humanities	3,995	1,645	2,360	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	320	90	230	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,170	320	855	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	720	310	415	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	45	20	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	310	150	160	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	355	200	155	0	0	0
54. History	875	520	360	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	200	30	170	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,125	2,840	5,285	50	10	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	155	40	115	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	590	220	370	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,380	145	1,235	20	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	1,130	435	700	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	555	130	430	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,605	435	1,170	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,705	1,435	1,265	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	9,320	3,500	5,825	45	30	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,235	285	950	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,075	3,205	4,870	45	30	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,140	1,685	1,460	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,615	670	945	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	315	145	170	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,095	815	285	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	40	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,220	1,435	785	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,590	1,110	480	10	0	10
25. Library science	150	30	120	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	450	275	175	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,550	7,785	770	100	95	10
04. Architecture and related services	310	205	105	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,760	2,280	480	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,960	1,855	110	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,745	1,725	20	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,280	1,255	20	20	20	0
48. Precision production	495	460	30	20	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	655	390	265	40	45	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	340	190	150	40	45	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	320	200	115	0	0	0
Health and related fields	11,265	2,375	8,890	105	0	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	800	395	400	20	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs	9,920	1,650	8,275	85	0	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	545	325	220	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,900	2,070	1,830	15	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	2,025	625	1,395	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	175	155	20	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	145	140	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,250	860	385	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	285	30	10	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	60,745	28,845	31,905	670	330	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,250	10,445	8,805	330	165	160
Education	2,515	685	1,830	30	0	20
13. Education	2,515	690	1,830	25	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,505	565	940	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	200	45	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,270	370	895	0	0	10
Humanities	2,530	1,085	1,445	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	200	55	145	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	685	180	505	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	455	205	240	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	215	120	95	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	230	140	90	0	0	0
54. History	615	365	245	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	115	15	105	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,265	2,085	4,175	40	10	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	120	40	80	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	470	195	280	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,060	100	960	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	910	295	615	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	440	95	345	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,235	325	915	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,035	1,045	985	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,910	2,610	4,300	45	30	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	930	220	715	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,965	2,385	3,575	40	30	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,245	1,075	1,170	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,235	475	765	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	235	100	135	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	710	480	225	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	10	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,740	1,145	590	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,355	940	410	10	0	0
25. Library science	80	15	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	275	170	105	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,985	5,330	650	75	65	0
04. Architecture and related services	235	155	80	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,995	1,585	415	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,460	1,365	95	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,160	1,145	20	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	785	770	15	20	15	0
48. Precision production	335	310	25	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	490	275	220	30	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	230	120	110	35	30	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	260	150	105	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,265	1,880	6,390	90	10	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	560	315	240	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	7,280	1,330	5,950	75	0	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	430	230	200	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,045	1,665	1,380	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,485	480	1,005	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	145	135	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	115	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,040	715	325	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	225	25	0	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	97,375	45,830	51,545	965	475	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,240	20,240	20,000	540	265	275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	57,135	25,595	31,545	425	205	215
Location of study inside Canada	50,310	22,205	28,105	380	180	200
Same as province or territory of residence	43,960	19,340	24,620	365	180	190
Different than province or territory of residence	6,345	2,860	3,480	10	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,825	3,385	3,440	40	30	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,680	900	780	0	0	0
Philippines	310	65	245	0	0	0
India	400	195	205	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,200	710	490	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	410	220	195	0	0	0
France	120	70	55	10	0	0
Other	2,710	1,240	1,470	35	20	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	60,750	28,845	31,905	670	330	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,250	10,445	8,805	330	170	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	41,500	18,400	23,100	340	160	180
Location of study inside Canada	36,965	16,270	20,690	300	135	165
Same as province or territory of residence	32,430	14,290	18,140	290	135	155
Different than province or territory of residence	4,540	1,985	2,550	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,530	2,125	2,405	40	30	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,065	515	550	0	0	0
Philippines	225	45	185	0	0	0
India	280	130	150	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	540	325	215	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	355	190	170	0	0	0
France	75	45	30	0	0	0
Other	1,995	880	1,115	30	20	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	97,375	45,835	51,545	965	475	490
In the labour force	60,635	30,045	30,595	650	365	280
Employed	55,745	27,535	28,215	635	365	275
Unemployed	4,885	2,505	2,380	15	0	10
Not in the labour force	36,740	15,790	20,955	310	105	205
Participation rate	62.3	65.6	59.4	67.4	76.8	57.1
Employment rate	57.2	60.1	54.7	65.8	76.8	56.1
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.3	7.8	2.3	0.0	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	97,380	45,830	51,545	965	475	490
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	34,035	14,470	19,565	255	85	165
Worked	63,340	31,355	31,985	710	385	325
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	31,655	16,880	14,770	360	230	125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	31,685	14,475	17,210	350	155	200
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.9	42.2	43.7	44.2	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	60,635	30,045	30,595	650	370	285
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,585	800	780	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	59,055	29,240	29,810	650	370	285
Employee	53,655	26,120	27,535	480	230	250
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,400	3,120	2,280	175	140	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	60,635	30,045	30,595	655	370	285
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,585	805	780	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	59,055	29,240	29,810	650	370	280
0 Management occupations	5,450	3,365	2,090	145	105	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,010	2,270	5,740	65	25	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,380	2,725	655	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	6,155	1,630	4,525	60	10	55
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	11,585	5,185	6,400	90	30	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,850	805	1,045	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	15,530	6,780	8,745	90	35	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,375	5,115	255	125	115	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	665	525	140	55	40	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,055	845	210	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60,640	30,045	30,595	655	365	285
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,585	805	780	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	59,050	29,235	29,815	650	370	280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	240	145	95	180	135	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	90	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	295	230	65	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,065	2,770	295	40	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,180	1,655	525	20	20	0
41 Wholesale trade	990	720	275	25	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	6,815	3,250	3,565	60	15	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,385	1,095	290	50	40	10
51 Information and cultural industries	925	510	415	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,710	665	1,045	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,110	615	500	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,930	1,570	1,360	20	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,765	1,625	1,140	25	25	0
61 Educational services	8,175	3,355	4,820	45	10	35
62 Health care and social assistance	9,705	2,300	7,405	115	15	100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,400	675	725	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,860	2,575	3,290	20	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,245	955	1,285	20	10	10
91 Public administration	7,135	4,440	2,700	15	20	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	55,745	27,535	28,210	640	365	275
Worked at home	3,365	1,605	1,760	145	110	35
Worked outside Canada	255	160	95	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	4,965	3,495	1,480	85	70	15
Worked at usual place	47,165	22,280	24,885	405	190	220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	47,160	22,275	24,885	405	185	215
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	42,385	19,610	22,775	160	70	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	755	375	375	130	50	80
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,810	2,170	1,645	115	65	50
Commute to a different province or territory	210	125	85	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	52,130	25,770	26,360	490	255	230
Car, truck, van - as a driver	36,665	19,005	17,660	410	215	200
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,825	1,375	2,450	25	10	10
Public transit	4,605	1,855	2,750	10	0	0
Walked	5,080	2,415	2,665	45	20	20
Bicycle	1,325	815	515	0	0	0
Other method	630	305	325	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	52,125	25,770	26,360	490	255	230
Less than 15 minutes	20,500	9,790	10,710	250	130	125
15 to 29 minutes	23,185	11,575	11,610	75	40	35
30 to 44 minutes	5,635	2,850	2,785	70	35	35
45 to 59 minutes	1,310	680	630	40	15	20
60 minutes and over	1,495	875	625	60	45	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	52,130	25,770	26,360	490	260	230
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,055	1,330	730	50	35	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,095	4,810	3,285	105	85	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,510	7,900	7,610	100	30	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,640	5,330	7,310	130	55	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,060	2,605	3,455	20	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,770	3,795	3,970	80	40	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	65,060	32,105	32,950	740	400	340
Single responses	64,455	31,805	32,645	680	365	315
Official languages	64,195	31,665	32,530	675	365	315
English	63,505	31,455	32,045	575	330	250
French	690	210	485	100	40	65
Non-official languages	255	140	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250	135	115	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	40	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	20	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	65	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	65	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	20	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	40	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	605	300	305	60	30	25
English and French	390	200	190	45	25	25
English and non-official language	195	95	100	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	65,060	32,105	32,950	740	400	340
None	60,940	30,090	30,845	585	315	265
English	615	220	390	70	30	35
French	2,915	1,485	1,430	80	55	25
Non-official language	545	295	250	10	0	10
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	535	295	245	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	113,455	54,095	59,360	1,150	575	575
Non-movers	93,945	44,590	49,355	1,005	495	510
Movers	19,510	9,505	10,005	150	80	70
Non-migrants	12,130	5,900	6,225	45	25	25
Migrants	7,385	3,605	3,775	100	60	45
Internal migrants	6,240	3,030	3,215	80	40	35
Intraprovincial migrants	4,645	2,245	2,400	80	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	1,595	780	815	0	0	0
External migrants	1,140	585	555	20	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	108,940	51,695	57,245	1,080	535	555
Non-movers	60,260	28,685	31,575	770	380	390
Movers	48,685	23,005	25,675	320	155	160
Non-migrants	27,205	12,940	14,260	100	55	45
Migrants	21,480	10,065	11,415	215	100	120
Internal migrants	18,075	8,395	9,685	190	80	110
Intraprovincial migrants	13,740	6,260	7,480	190	80	110
Interprovincial migrants	4,340	2,130	2,210	0	0	0
External migrants	3,400	1,670	1,730	25	20	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kingston and the Islands [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kingston and the Islands [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kingston and the Islands [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kingston and the Islands [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba