Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newmarket--Aurora [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Newmarket--Aurora Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Division No. 1, Subd. A, SNO Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Newmarket--Aurora [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Newmarket--Aurora [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	117,418	...	...	731^E	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	109,457	...	...	757	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.3	...	...	-3.4^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	40,722	...	...	726	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	39,769	...	...	353	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,978.3	...	...	0.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	59.35	...	...	780.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	117,420	56,675	60,745	730	380	350
0 to 14 years	21,685	11,130	10,550	40	25	20
0 to 4 years	6,410	3,315	3,095	10	10	5
5 to 9 years	7,400	3,820	3,580	10	5	5
10 to 14 years	7,870	3,995	3,875	20	10	15
15 to 64 years	80,525	39,030	41,500	460	245	225
15 to 19 years	8,390	4,245	4,145	20	15	10
20 to 24 years	7,775	4,050	3,725	15	10	10
25 to 29 years	6,080	3,095	2,985	20	5	5
30 to 34 years	6,690	3,120	3,575	25	10	10
35 to 39 years	7,580	3,515	4,065	20	10	10
40 to 44 years	8,610	4,040	4,570	25	20	5
45 to 49 years	9,700	4,580	5,120	45	20	25
50 to 54 years	10,355	5,020	5,335	80	50	40
55 to 59 years	8,775	4,230	4,545	90	40	55
60 to 64 years	6,560	3,130	3,425	120	70	55
65 years and over	15,210	6,515	8,695	230	115	115
65 to 69 years	5,160	2,430	2,735	85	40	45
70 to 74 years	3,500	1,580	1,915	65	35	35
75 to 79 years	2,505	1,090	1,415	35	15	20
80 to 84 years	1,925	785	1,140	25	15	10
85 years and over	2,120	625	1,490	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	1,315	430	885	10	5	10
90 to 94 years	630	160	470	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	150	30	120	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.5	19.6	17.4	5.5	6.6	5.7
15 to 64 years	68.6	68.9	68.3	63.0	64.5	64.3
65 years and over	13.0	11.5	14.3	31.5	30.3	32.9
85 years and over	1.8	1.1	2.5	2.1	1.3	2.9
Average age of the population	39.1	37.8	40.2	55.1	54.5	55.8
Median age of the population	40.3	38.9	41.5	59.2	59.4	59.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	39,770	...	...	350	...	...
Single-detached house	23,700	...	...	340	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,705	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	14,355	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,265	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5,810	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,270	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,830	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	175	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	39,770	...	...	350	...	...
1 person	6,770	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	11,140	...	...	190	...	...
3 persons	7,890	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	9,145	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	4,815	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	115,740	...	...	730	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	95,735	45,540	50,195	690	355	335
Married or living common law	57,250	28,520	28,730	490	250	240
Married	51,230	25,540	25,695	420	215	210
Living common law	6,015	2,980	3,035	70	35	35
Not married and not living common law	38,485	17,020	21,465	200	110	95
Never married	25,945	13,595	12,350	95	65	35
Separated	2,525	895	1,630	10	5	5
Divorced	5,470	1,775	3,700	30	20	15
Widowed	4,540	755	3,785	65	20	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	33,585	...	...	265	...	...
2 persons	12,910	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	8,375	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	9,320	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	2,990	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	33,585	...	...	265	...	...
Total couple families	28,090	...	...	240	...	...
Married couples	25,085	...	...	205	...	...
Common-law couples	3,005	...	...	35	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,500	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	4,440	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	1,060	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	28,085	...	...	245	...	...
Couples without children	9,860	...	...	185	...	...
Couples with children	18,225	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	6,505	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	8,840	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	2,885	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,500	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	3,045	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	1,870	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	585	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,965	4,820	7,145	120	70	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	39,770	...	...	350	...	...
One-census-family households	30,635	...	...	260	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,680	...	...	180	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,955	...	...	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,430	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,705	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	6,770	...	...	90	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	935	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	116,540	56,335	60,210	730	380	350
English only	104,485	51,355	53,130	715	375	345
French only	55	25	35	0	0	0
English and French	9,385	3,880	5,510	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	2,620	1,070	1,550	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	116,540	56,330	60,215	730	380	350
English	111,820	54,335	57,490	725	380	350
French	1,405	615	790	5	0	0
English and French	750	340	415	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	2,565	1,045	1,525	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,780	785	995	5	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.4	1.7	0.7	0.0	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	116,540	56,330	60,210	730	375	350
Single responses	113,875	55,080	58,795	730	380	350
Official languages	81,825	39,950	41,875	730	375	350
English	80,460	39,350	41,110	730	375	350
French	1,365	605	765	5	5	5
Non-official languages	32,055	15,130	16,925	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	32,050	15,130	16,920	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,135	575	560	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,110	565	550	0	0	0
Amharic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	870	440	430	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	120	65	60	0	0	0
Maltese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,105	505	600	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	630	290	340	0	0	0
Vietnamese	475	220	260	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,320	475	845	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	20	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	20	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,150	405	740	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	625	320	305	0	0	0
Kannada	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	110	60	50	0	0	0
Tamil	430	210	215	0	0	0
Telugu	55	25	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,560	8,410	9,150	0	0	0
Albanian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Armenian	200	105	95	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,130	2,400	2,735	0	0	0
Baltic languages	105	40	65	0	0	0
Latvian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,030	2,360	2,665	0	0	0
Belarusan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Croatian	140	55	80	0	0	0
Czech	70	25	40	0	0	0
Macedonian	225	110	120	0	0	0
Polish	695	315	385	0	0	0
Russian	3,130	1,490	1,640	0	0	0
Serbian	165	90	80	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	60	20	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	330	145	180	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,360	610	745	0	0	0
Afrikaans	45	25	20	0	0	0
Danish	70	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	295	145	150	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	900	390	505	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	790	385	405	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,560	2,220	2,340	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,680	835	845	0	0	0
Bengali	110	60	50	0	0	0
Gujarati	305	150	155	0	0	0
Hindi	225	105	115	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	170	85	80	0	0	0
Sindhi	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Urdu	700	345	355	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,850	1,370	1,480	0	0	0
Kurdish	55	25	25	0	0	0
Pashto	20	5	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,775	1,335	1,440	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,415	2,635	2,785	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	2,225	1,140	1,090	0	0	0
Portuguese	660	320	345	0	0	0
Romanian	940	440	500	0	0	0
Spanish	1,590	735	855	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	160	65	95	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Korean	750	360	385	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	7,885	3,720	4,165	0	0	0
Chinese languages	7,860	3,705	4,155	0	0	0
Cantonese	3,130	1,455	1,675	0	0	0
Hakka	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,255	2,025	2,225	0	0	0
Min Dong	15	5	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	170	85	80	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	85	45	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	155	70	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	455	210	245	0	0	0
Lao	385	185	200	0	0	0
Thai	65	20	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	215	115	105	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	75	35	35	0	0	0
Turkish	120	65	50	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	635	280	355	0	0	0
Estonian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Finnish	135	50	85	0	0	0
Hungarian	450	210	240	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,665	1,250	1,415	0	0	0
English and French	295	145	150	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,240	1,045	1,190	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	30	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	25	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	116,545	56,330	60,215	730	380	350
Single responses	110,205	53,365	56,835	730	380	350
Official languages	93,495	45,390	48,105	730	380	350
English	92,995	45,160	47,835	730	380	355
French	495	230	270	0	0	0
Non-official languages	16,705	7,975	8,735	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,705	7,975	8,735	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	415	205	210	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	205	200	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	325	160	165	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	25	15	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	665	295	370	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	405	175	225	0	0	0
Vietnamese	260	120	140	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	385	165	220	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	315	145	165	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	15	20	0	0	0
Tamil	250	115	130	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,870	3,730	4,135	0	0	0
Albanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,895	1,395	1,505	0	0	0
Baltic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,870	1,380	1,490	0	0	0
Belarusan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Polish	265	120	145	0	0	0
Russian	2,195	1,070	1,125	0	0	0
Serbian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	140	60	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	135	70	70	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	45	45	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	200	90	110	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,675	1,260	1,415	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	825	395	425	0	0	0
Bengali	60	35	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	150	70	80	0	0	0
Hindi	110	55	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	30	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Urdu	345	165	185	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,845	860	990	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,815	840	970	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,830	855	970	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	330	150	180	0	0	0
Portuguese	180	85	95	0	0	0
Romanian	535	250	285	0	0	0
Spanish	780	370	405	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	520	250	265	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	20	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,790	2,810	2,975	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5,785	2,810	2,970	0	0	0
Cantonese	2,165	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Hakka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,375	1,660	1,710	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	80	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	225	115	115	0	0	0
Lao	205	105	95	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	35	15	15	0	0	0
Turkish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	210	95	120	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	170	75	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,340	2,970	3,375	5	0	0
English and French	190	85	100	0	0	0
English and non-official language	6,050	2,845	3,205	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	100	35	60	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	116,540	56,330	60,210	730	380	350
None	97,695	47,555	50,140	730	375	350
English	7,550	3,660	3,890	0	0	0
French	1,375	575	800	5	0	5
Non-official language	9,565	4,385	5,185	0	0	0
Aboriginal	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	9,565	4,385	5,175	0	0	0
English and French	75	35	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	160	75	85	0	0	0
French and non-official language	125	35	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	94,075	44,955	49,120	690	355	330
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	90,045	42,970	47,075	670	355	315
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,239	45,543	31,307	25,152	34,432	19,189
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	90,055	42,965	47,090	670	355	320
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,586	40,166	28,682	24,160	32,320	19,110
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,060	40,345	42,710	505	280	230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,526	45,584	29,555	22,080	32,256	14,005
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,135	25,915	35,225	570	290	280
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,366	862	3,645	12,341	14,416	10,720
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	71,735	35,990	35,745	400	230	170
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,279	46,242	32,258	25,792	35,840	16,576
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	93,980	44,925	49,050	675	330	340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,925	42,865	47,065	655	330	330
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,025	64,386	42,677	35,031	44,888	25,216
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,940	42,865	47,070	655	325	330
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,701	50,202	35,870	30,057	37,537	22,610
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,715	40,075	42,635	490	250	235
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,044	65,407	41,423	32,095	42,575	20,957
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,250	25,780	35,465	575	265	310
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,218	5,376	6,829	12,782	15,148	10,764
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,620	35,765	35,850	340	190	150
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,204	64,317	42,118	37,185	48,768	22,491
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	93,980	44,925	49,050	670	330	340
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	36,635	20,305	16,340	115	75	40
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	62,702	70,038	55,660	47,995	58,197	27,184
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	76,332	86,721	63,421	59,477	74,412	33,695
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.0	95.0	87.9	74.1	76.7	62.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	79.9	83.1	75.5	64.9	69.7	53.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.0	5.0	12.1	26.2	21.9	35.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	94,075	44,950	49,125	690	355	335
Without total income	4,035	1,985	2,040	20	0	15
With total income	90,045	42,965	47,080	670	350	315
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.6	95.8	97.1	98.6	94.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,300	6,120	8,175	100	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	14,030	5,660	8,365	165	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	10,490	4,190	6,300	125	55	75
$30,000 to $39,999	8,425	3,530	4,890	85	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	7,825	3,465	4,360	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	6,655	3,110	3,545	30	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	5,310	2,670	2,640	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,555	2,465	2,090	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	4,005	2,220	1,780	10	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	3,715	1,985	1,730	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	10,740	7,530	3,205	60	55	5
$100,000 to $149,999	7,065	4,695	2,370	45	40	5
$150,000 and over	3,670	2,835	835	10	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	94,070	44,950	49,120	685	355	330
Without after-tax income	4,020	1,985	2,035	20	5	10
With after-tax income	90,055	42,970	47,085	670	350	320
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.6	95.9	97.8	98.6	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,650	6,215	8,435	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	14,600	5,925	8,680	170	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	12,100	4,910	7,185	150	60	85
$30,000 to $39,999	10,200	4,330	5,870	85	55	25
$40,000 to $49,999	9,345	4,335	5,010	50	35	10
$50,000 to $59,999	7,305	3,650	3,655	30	25	10
$60,000 to $69,999	5,905	3,325	2,580	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	5,125	2,810	2,315	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	10,820	7,460	3,355	55	50	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,580	2,190	1,390	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,010	1,360	650	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	5,225	3,910	1,320	25	25	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	94,070	44,950	49,125	690	355	335
Without employment income	22,335	8,960	13,380	290	125	165
With employment income	71,740	35,995	35,745	400	225	170
Percentage with employment income	76.3	80.1	72.8	58.0	63.4	50.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,195	4,180	5,010	75	35	35
$5,000 to $9,999	5,945	2,600	3,345	40	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	8,955	4,000	4,955	65	25	35
$20,000 to $29,999	6,705	2,965	3,745	50	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	6,115	2,620	3,500	40	25	15
$40,000 to $49,999	5,845	2,640	3,205	25	15	5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,035	2,400	2,635	20	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	4,300	2,165	2,140	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,700	2,055	1,645	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	15,940	10,375	5,570	65	60	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,450	1,935	1,515	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	3,390	1,795	1,605	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	9,100	6,645	2,460	50	50	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	39,770	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,293	...	...	53,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	83,959	...	...	49,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,770	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,937	...	...	23,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,047	...	...	23,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	33,000	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	111,903	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,997	...	...	56,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	39,755	...	...	350	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	119,948	...	...	65,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	96,609	...	...	56,289	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,845	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	54,663	...	...	37,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,864	...	...	31,975	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,905	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	133,531	...	...	72,759	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,375	...	...	62,491	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	39,765	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	405	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	310	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	575	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	875	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,055	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,045	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,170	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,075	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,140	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,160	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,280	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,370	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,245	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,310	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,240	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,515	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,025	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,155	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5,160	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,175	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	39,770	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	450	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	315	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	585	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	910	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,195	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,155	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,295	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,285	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,425	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,400	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,840	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,915	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,955	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,835	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,635	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,580	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,585	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,725	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	6,270	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	32,435	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,174	...	...	64,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,368	...	...	56,448	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,460	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,112	...	...	55,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,478	...	...	50,944	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	18,280	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,977	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,524	...	...	84,480	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,925	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,770	...	...	39,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,416	...	...	38,144	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	32,330	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	133,350	...	...	72,942	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,059	...	...	62,614	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,440	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,099	...	...	59,882	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,628	...	...	52,971	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	18,200	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	158,663	...	...	126,715	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,029	...	...	104,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,885	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	81,212	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,976	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,385	3,975	5,410	100	50	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,679	40,512	34,499	23,872	33,216	20,544
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,920	35,526	31,515	23,808	29,888	20,544
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,400	4,055	5,345	80	40	35
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	48,611	51,543	46,384	36,803	36,944	36,657
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,337	41,757	39,260	31,476	30,901	32,073
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	115,745	56,080	59,670	730	380	350
In the bottom half of the distribution	42,065	19,625	22,435	425	210	215
In the bottom decile	7,810	3,710	4,095	50	20	30
In the second decile	7,880	3,525	4,355	130	60	70
In the third decile	8,220	3,780	4,440	90	50	45
In the fourth decile	8,540	4,005	4,530	105	55	45
In the fifth decile	9,620	4,600	5,015	55	30	30
In the top half of the distribution	73,680	36,455	37,230	305	170	135
In the sixth decile	11,435	5,545	5,890	80	45	35
In the seventh decile	12,630	6,150	6,480	65	35	30
In the eighth decile	14,925	7,335	7,595	55	30	25
In the ninth decile	16,845	8,375	8,465	45	20	25
In the top decile	17,835	9,045	8,795	60	40	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	115,745	56,075	59,665	730	375	350
0 to 17 years	26,635	13,650	12,985	55	30	25
0 to 5 years	7,770	3,995	3,780	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	75,085	36,230	38,855	450	230	215
65 years and over	14,020	6,190	7,830	225	115	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,295	5,220	6,075	140	60	75
0 to 17 years	3,300	1,750	1,550	10	10	5
0 to 5 years	990	520	465	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,665	3,035	3,630	50	25	25
65 years and over	1,330	430	895	75	35	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.8	9.3	10.2	19.2	16.0	21.4
0 to 17 years (%)	12.4	12.8	11.9	18.2	33.3	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.7	13.0	12.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	8.4	9.3	11.1	10.9	11.6
65 years and over (%)	9.5	6.9	11.4	33.3	30.4	40.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,065	4,245	4,825	25	15	10
0 to 17 years	2,510	1,330	1,175	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	740	395	350	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,675	2,640	3,035	25	15	10
65 years and over	880	275	605	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.8	7.6	8.1	3.4	4.0	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	9.4	9.7	9.0	9.1	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5	9.9	9.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.3	7.8	5.6	6.5	4.7
65 years and over (%)	6.3	4.4	7.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	115,665	56,065	59,600	710	360	350
Official languages	112,985	54,970	58,015	710	360	350
English	112,920	54,940	57,980	710	360	350
French	9,415	3,785	5,630	15	0	10
Non-official languages	39,395	18,515	20,885	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	39,390	18,510	20,870	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,800	875	920	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,775	865	905	0	0	0
Amharic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	1,190	525	665	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	505	300	205	0	0	0
Maltese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,520	690	835	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	905	405	495	0	0	0
Vietnamese	625	285	345	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,635	570	1,060	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	90	20	70	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	55	15	35	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	60	15	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,510	530	980	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	55	35	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	30	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	830	400	430	0	0	0
Kannada	75	35	35	0	0	0
Malayalam	170	85	90	0	0	0
Tamil	545	260	285	0	0	0
Telugu	85	40	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	23,000	11,015	11,985	0	0	0
Albanian	80	30	50	0	0	0
Armenian	265	135	130	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	6,150	2,965	3,185	0	0	0
Baltic languages	125	50	70	0	0	0
Latvian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages	6,085	2,935	3,150	0	0	0
Belarusan	45	35	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	80	50	30	0	0	0
Croatian	235	110	125	0	0	0
Czech	110	60	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	395	200	195	0	0	0
Polish	750	335	420	0	0	0
Russian	4,105	1,985	2,120	0	0	0
Serbian	210	120	80	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slovak	100	40	65	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	80	35	50	0	0	0
Ukrainian	615	285	335	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	35	15	15	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,070	895	1,175	0	0	0
Afrikaans	90	45	45	0	0	0
Danish	75	25	50	0	0	0
Dutch	460	190	270	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	1,400	620	780	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	40	10	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,075	525	550	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5,920	2,830	3,090	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,475	1,230	1,245	0	0	0
Bengali	175	100	75	0	0	0
Gujarati	535	240	285	0	0	0
Hindi	905	505	405	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	60	25	35	0	0	0
Marathi	55	40	20	0	0	0
Nepali	25	0	25	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	460	225	235	0	0	0
Sindhi	40	20	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	200	100	100	0	0	0
Urdu	760	385	375	0	0	0
Iranian languages	3,470	1,620	1,855	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	85	100	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	3,340	1,565	1,780	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	8,060	3,900	4,160	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,465	1,850	1,610	0	0	0
Portuguese	915	420	495	0	0	0
Romanian	1,205	555	650	0	0	0
Spanish	2,830	1,250	1,575	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	225	100	125	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	915	455	465	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	240	140	105	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	25	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	100	60	40	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	180	65	120	0	0	0
American Sign Language	95	35	60	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	90	30	55	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,935	4,155	4,780	0	0	0
Chinese languages	8,910	4,155	4,755	0	0	0
Cantonese	3,800	1,685	2,120	0	0	0
Hakka	55	25	35	0	0	0
Mandarin	5,930	2,800	3,125	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	190	95	95	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	130	60	70	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	145	60	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	10	30	0	0	0
Burmese	45	10	30	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	490	230	260	0	0	0
Lao	410	210	205	0	0	0
Thai	110	30	80	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	305	145	155	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	100	45	55	0	0	0
Turkish	210	100	115	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	645	310	335	0	0	0
Estonian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Finnish	165	60	105	0	0	0
Hungarian	420	215	200	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	115,665	56,060	59,600	710	355	350
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	108,175	52,770	55,405	705	355	350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	25,630	13,185	12,450	45	40	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	82,545	39,590	42,955	655	315	340
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	7,490	3,295	4,195	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	115,665	56,065	59,605	710	360	355
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	80,455	39,800	40,655	700	350	350
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	34,420	15,925	18,495	10	10	0
Before 1981	8,685	4,085	4,605	0	10	0
1981 to 1990	4,515	2,140	2,375	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	7,470	3,430	4,040	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	10,060	4,610	5,455	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	5,410	2,500	2,910	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	4,655	2,110	2,545	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,680	1,655	2,025	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	795	345	450	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	34,420	15,925	18,495	10	10	0
Under 5 years	3,615	1,755	1,855	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	6,340	3,250	3,090	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	6,875	2,890	3,985	0	10	0
25 to 44 years	14,505	6,725	7,785	10	0	0
45 years and over	3,085	1,305	1,775	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	34,420	15,925	18,495	10	10	0
Americas	4,325	1,965	2,360	10	10	0
Brazil	170	90	75	0	0	0
Colombia	380	185	195	0	0	0
El Salvador	180	75	105	0	0	0
Guyana	405	165	235	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	780	360	420	0	0	0
Mexico	150	60	90	0	0	0
Peru	195	80	120	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	400	205	190	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	795	330	460	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	875	400	470	0	10	0
Europe	11,760	5,545	6,215	10	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	70	35	35	0	0	0
Croatia	105	45	60	0	0	0
France	65	30	30	0	0	0
Germany	520	245	275	0	0	0
Greece	370	195	175	0	0	0
Hungary	175	85	90	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	155	60	90	0	0	0
Italy	1,185	645	540	0	0	0
Netherlands	355	165	190	0	0	0
Poland	525	230	295	0	0	0
Portugal	310	110	200	0	0	0
Romania	895	395	500	0	0	0
Russian Federation	1,280	630	645	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	140	65	75	0	0	0
Ukraine	820	380	445	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,210	1,445	1,765	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,585	785	805	0	0	0
Africa	1,335	665	670	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	245	100	145	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	95	45	50	0	0	0
Morocco	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	95	45	50	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	255	125	130	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	585	335	250	0	0	0
Asia	16,895	7,700	9,195	0	0	0
Afghanistan	250	120	125	0	0	0
Bangladesh	85	40	45	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	4,475	2,085	2,395	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	1,185	535	650	0	0	0
India	1,145	580	575	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	2,495	1,190	1,305	0	0	0
Iraq	180	75	105	0	0	0
Japan	40	15	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	655	320	335	0	0	0
Lebanon	255	115	140	0	0	0
Pakistan	465	230	240	0	0	0
Philippines	1,500	525	970	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	520	250	270	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	270	115	155	0	0	0
Viet Nam	655	280	380	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,625	1,190	1,440	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,680	1,660	2,025	0	0	0
Americas	300	155	140	0	0	0
Brazil	35	15	20	0	0	0
Colombia	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cuba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	20	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	50	35	0	0	0
Europe	695	340	355	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	90	55	30	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	165	60	105	0	0	0
Ukraine	105	50	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	130	85	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	150	65	85	0	0	0
Africa	115	50	65	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	20	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	15	0	0	0
Asia	2,550	1,095	1,450	0	0	0
Afghanistan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	965	415	555	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	20	35	0	0	0
India	165	75	90	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	460	220	245	0	0	0
Iraq	35	15	15	0	0	0
Israel	110	75	40	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	140	80	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Philippines	340	110	225	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	125	25	90	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	115,670	56,065	59,600	710	355	350
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	35,815	16,565	19,245	10	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	31,805	16,300	15,500	10	0	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	48,050	23,195	24,855	690	350	340
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	26,185	12,075	14,110	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	14,400	7,085	7,310	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	5,700	3,585	2,115	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	8,695	3,500	5,195	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	7,675	2,875	4,795	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	3,880	1,990	1,890	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	230	120	110	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	115,665	56,060	59,600	710	360	350
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,530	690	840	30	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,445	660	790	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	935	415	515	30	15	10
Métis	505	240	260	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	114,135	55,375	58,765	685	340	340
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	115,665	56,060	59,600	710	360	350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	475	215	255	15	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	115,190	55,845	59,345	690	350	340
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	115,665	56,065	59,600	710	360	350
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	195	95	100	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	195	90	100	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	135	75	65	15	0	10
Métis single ancestry	60	20	40	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,435	1,080	1,360	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,395	1,045	1,350	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,725	760	965	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	625	270	355	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	45	35	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	20	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	113,030	54,885	58,140	690	350	340
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	115,665	56,060	59,605	705	360	350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	32,040	15,450	16,590	10	10	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	4,695	2,370	2,325	0	0	0
Chinese	10,055	4,775	5,280	0	0	0
Black	3,110	1,585	1,525	10	10	0
Filipino	2,375	1,000	1,370	0	0	0
Latin American	1,760	810	950	0	0	0
Arab	1,035	490	545	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	2,495	1,265	1,230	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	3,115	1,480	1,635	0	0	0
Korean	1,105	545	560	0	0	0
Japanese	380	195	185	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	565	285	275	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,345	640	705	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	83,625	40,610	43,010	705	355	350
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	115,665	56,065	59,605	705	360	350
North American Aboriginal origins	2,635	1,175	1,460	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,900	860	1,040	20	10	10
Inuit	55	30	25	0	0	0
Métis	735	320	410	0	0	0
Other North American origins	25,750	12,600	13,150	425	210	215
Acadian	90	25	70	0	0	0
American	1,330	595	730	0	0	0
Canadian	24,820	12,200	12,625	425	210	210
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	120	70	40	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	76,965	37,225	39,740	285	145	145
British Isles origins	47,010	22,485	24,530	280	135	140
Channel Islander	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	28,380	13,560	14,820	220	105	110
Irish	19,400	9,200	10,200	125	55	70
Manx	50	15	35	0	0	0
Scottish	20,565	9,750	10,810	45	15	25
Welsh	2,050	995	1,055	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,620	1,570	2,045	0	0	0
French origins	8,605	3,965	4,640	10	0	0
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,600	3,965	4,640	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	13,765	6,625	7,135	0	0	0
Austrian	890	465	425	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	335	150	185	0	0	0
Dutch	4,010	1,905	2,110	0	0	0
Flemish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	9,005	4,345	4,660	0	0	0
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	510	245	260	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,485	1,100	1,390	0	0	0
Danish	560	290	270	0	0	0
Finnish	775	340	430	0	0	0
Icelandic	130	70	65	0	0	0
Norwegian	560	235	330	0	0	0
Swedish	530	160	370	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	130	75	50	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	15,085	7,320	7,770	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	125	80	0	0	0
Byelorussian	380	200	175	0	0	0
Czech	375	190	180	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	150	85	65	0	0	0
Estonian	210	100	105	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,470	715	755	0	0	0
Latvian	225	100	125	0	0	0
Lithuanian	245	130	115	0	0	0
Moldovan	240	140	100	0	0	0
Polish	4,410	2,195	2,215	0	0	0
Romanian	1,545	730	820	0	0	0
Russian	4,560	2,225	2,335	0	0	0
Slovak	290	135	155	0	0	0
Ukrainian	4,235	2,000	2,235	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	105	50	60	0	0	0
Southern European origins	19,790	9,940	9,850	15	15	0
Albanian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Bosnian	60	35	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	605	295	310	0	0	0
Cypriot	50	40	10	0	0	0
Greek	2,580	1,320	1,260	0	0	0
Italian	11,955	6,170	5,780	0	0	0
Kosovar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	1,010	545	465	0	0	0
Maltese	300	150	140	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,250	1,040	1,210	0	0	0
Serbian	435	220	215	0	0	0
Sicilian	65	50	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	435	245	190	0	0	0
Spanish	1,750	760	985	15	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	215	85	125	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,165	600	570	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	915	480	435	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	205	100	115	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	3,200	1,575	1,620	0	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Barbadian	265	110	160	0	0	0
Bermudan	50	35	15	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	155	60	90	0	0	0
Dominican	40	20	25	0	0	0
Grenadian	95	55	45	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	35	25	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,815	845	975	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	25	0	25	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	545	300	240	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	50	30	25	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	305	170	135	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	110	50	60	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,080	1,470	1,610	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	85	55	30	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	65	50	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	190	105	85	0	0	0
Chilean	125	60	60	0	0	0
Colombian	555	280	270	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	240	110	130	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	595	285	310	0	0	0
Hispanic	65	35	35	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	45	20	30	0	0	0
Mexican	355	155	200	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	240	110	135	0	0	0
Salvadorean	220	90	130	0	0	0
Uruguayan	35	10	30	0	0	0
Venezuelan	200	100	95	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	105	55	50	0	0	0
African origins	2,450	1,190	1,255	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	255	135	125	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ivorian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Liberian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	40	30	10	0	0	0
North African origins	645	285	360	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	50	15	30	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	475	210	260	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	130	50	75	0	0	0
Sudanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	20	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	795	395	400	0	0	0
Afrikaner	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	65	35	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	15	15	0	0	0
South African	435	210	220	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	50	35	15	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	45	30	15	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	60	10	50	0	0	0
Other African origins	760	385	375	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	720	370	345	0	0	0
Asian origins	28,430	13,630	14,800	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	6,215	2,960	3,265	0	0	0
Afghan	495	205	285	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	155	70	90	0	0	0
Armenian	440	200	235	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	70	45	20	0	0	0
Georgian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	3,045	1,480	1,570	0	0	0
Iraqi	260	105	150	0	0	0
Israeli	255	135	115	0	0	0
Jordanian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Kazakh	35	15	25	0	0	0
Kurd	165	85	80	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	550	240	315	0	0	0
Palestinian	210	120	95	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	190	90	100	0	0	0
Tajik	30	0	20	0	0	0
Tatar	130	55	70	0	0	0
Turk	320	145	170	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	35	10	20	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	80	40	40	0	0	0
South Asian origins	4,940	2,465	2,475	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	75	45	30	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	3,355	1,695	1,660	0	0	0
Goan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	25	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	10	20	0	0	0
Pakistani	590	270	315	0	0	0
Punjabi	80	50	30	0	0	0
Sinhalese	110	50	55	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	630	305	325	0	0	0
Tamil	120	55	65	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	205	110	95	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	17,530	8,295	9,240	0	0	0
Burmese	30	0	20	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,100	550	545	0	0	0
Chinese	11,245	5,250	5,995	0	0	0
Filipino	2,640	1,115	1,525	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	115	55	60	0	0	0
Japanese	515	280	235	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,210	615	595	0	0	0
Laotian	675	350	325	0	0	0
Malaysian	105	45	55	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	150	65	85	0	0	0
Thai	170	65	100	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	935	465	465	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	105	50	55	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	105	50	55	0	0	0
Oceania origins	220	110	110	0	0	0
Australian	150	85	70	0	0	0
New Zealander	75	30	45	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	39,750	...	...	350	...	...
Owner	32,470	...	...	340	...	...
Renter	7,275	...	...	10	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	39,750	...	...	350	...	...
Condominium	3,165	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	36,585	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	39,750	...	...	350	...	...
No bedrooms	75	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,305	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,385	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,905	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	18,080	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	39,755	...	...	350	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,405	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	4,695	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	6,245	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	6,665	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,735	...	...	100	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	39,750	...	...	350	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,395	...	...	350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	355	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	39,755	...	...	350	...	...
Suitable	38,315	...	...	350	...	...
Not suitable	1,435	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	39,755	...	...	350	...	...
1960 or before	3,855	...	...	75	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,355	...	...	140	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,500	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	8,015	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,255	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,555	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,225	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	39,755	...	...	350	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	38,350	...	...	325	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,405	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	39,750	...	...	350	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,000	...	...	215	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,655	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,100	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	39,750	...	...	350	...	...
15 to 24 years	315	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,845	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,935	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	11,205	...	...	65	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,495	...	...	75	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,585	...	...	115	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,495	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	880	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	39,730	...	...	350	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	29,105	...	...	295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,625	...	...	55	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,220	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,475	...	...	340	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	68.5	...	...	20.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.0	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,809	...	...	509	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,798	...	...	705	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	690,949	...	...	150,289	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	716,172	...	...	204,638	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,280	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,204	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,279	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	93,980	44,925	49,050	675	335	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,430	6,605	6,820	225	110	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25,380	12,325	13,055	205	95	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55,170	25,995	29,175	245	125	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,680	3,250	1,430	120	80	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,115	1,220	900	50	25	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,560	2,030	535	65	50	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,555	9,005	11,545	90	30	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,475	1,120	1,350	20	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	27,470	12,625	14,850	20	10	10
Bachelor's degree	19,425	8,615	10,810	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,080	870	1,210	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	535	230	305	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,855	2,550	2,305	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	575	365	215	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	63,895	30,390	33,505	340	160	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,590	2,410	2,180	95	50	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,190	6,985	7,200	110	50	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,110	20,990	24,120	140	65	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,350	2,340	1,010	55	45	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,535	885	655	15	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,815	1,460	360	45	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,375	7,230	9,150	70	15	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,970	885	1,085	10	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	23,415	10,530	12,880	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	16,335	7,100	9,235	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,790	730	1,060	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	430	170	260	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,350	2,225	2,130	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	505	305	200	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	93,980	44,925	49,050	670	335	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,810	18,930	19,875	425	205	220
Education	3,555	730	2,830	25	10	15
13. Education	3,555	730	2,830	25	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,570	1,040	1,535	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	285	220	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,285	815	1,465	10	0	10
Humanities	3,015	1,030	1,995	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	315	60	255	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	960	255	700	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	685	220	470	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	145	65	75	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	220	135	90	0	0	0
54. History	555	270	285	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	125	10	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,635	2,440	5,195	0	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	0	75	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	680	270	415	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,270	85	1,190	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,130	360	775	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	30	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,260	305	955	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,065	1,390	1,675	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	12,480	5,310	7,175	30	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	745	110	635	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,705	5,190	6,515	35	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,285	1,120	1,165	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	890	370	520	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	585	250	335	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	15	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	670	440	225	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	35	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,240	2,065	1,170	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,495	1,700	795	0	10	0
25. Library science	95	15	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	560	285	275	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	85	70	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,100	8,935	1,160	95	75	15
04. Architecture and related services	555	380	185	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,565	2,860	705	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,040	1,865	180	15	0	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,575	1,540	30	35	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,580	1,535	40	25	30	0
48. Precision production	790	760	25	10	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	875	515	365	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	465	265	200	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	410	250	160	0	0	10
Health and related fields	6,620	1,395	5,220	35	10	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,040	505	530	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,425	815	4,610	35	0	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	155	75	80	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,785	1,420	1,360	30	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,535	485	1,045	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	925	635	295	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	305	290	20	20	15	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	63,895	30,390	33,500	345	160	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,780	9,400	9,380	205	95	110
Education	2,775	545	2,225	0	0	0
13. Education	2,770	550	2,225	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,030	770	1,260	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	150	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,840	615	1,225	0	0	0
Humanities	2,420	800	1,620	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	250	50	205	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	775	205	570	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	570	175	395	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	45	60	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	115	80	0	0	0
54. History	395	190	205	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	115	0	110	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,370	1,980	4,395	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	0	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	575	225	350	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,080	65	1,015	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	995	285	705	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	20	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,055	255	800	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,510	1,125	1,385	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,465	4,430	6,035	25	0	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	10	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	605	85	520	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,835	4,345	5,490	30	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,875	855	1,015	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	750	290	455	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	495	200	290	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	20	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	530	335	190	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	15	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,965	1,895	1,070	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,330	1,595	735	0	0	0
25. Library science	85	15	75	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	470	230	245	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	75	60	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,160	7,170	990	60	45	15
04. Architecture and related services	455	295	160	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,080	2,460	625	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,590	1,455	130	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,235	1,210	30	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,235	1,205	40	15	15	0
48. Precision production	560	545	15	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	710	390	320	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	390	210	180	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	320	185	135	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,205	1,080	4,120	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	830	395	435	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,260	630	3,625	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	55	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,140	1,075	1,065	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,235	400	835	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	655	450	210	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	245	230	20	15	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	93,980	44,930	49,055	670	335	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,810	18,925	19,875	425	205	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	55,170	26,000	29,175	245	125	125
Location of study inside Canada	42,615	20,180	22,440	250	130	120
Same as province or territory of residence	39,795	18,785	21,015	220	105	110
Different than province or territory of residence	2,815	1,395	1,425	30	25	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	12,555	5,820	6,730	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,355	700	660	0	0	0
Philippines	810	210	605	0	0	0
India	695	335	360	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,250	670	580	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,635	755	875	0	0	0
France	55	25	25	0	0	0
Other	6,750	3,130	3,625	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	63,895	30,390	33,505	340	165	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,780	9,400	9,380	205	100	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	45,115	20,990	24,125	140	70	70
Location of study inside Canada	34,940	16,340	18,600	140	65	75
Same as province or territory of residence	32,695	15,240	17,455	125	60	65
Different than province or territory of residence	2,240	1,100	1,140	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10,175	4,655	5,525	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,075	535	540	0	0	0
Philippines	700	175	530	0	0	0
India	590	285	310	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	690	365	330	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,485	690	795	0	0	0
France	50	30	25	0	0	0
Other	5,580	2,580	3,005	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	93,980	44,925	49,055	670	330	340
In the labour force	66,990	33,910	33,085	285	150	135
Employed	62,705	31,805	30,905	220	110	105
Unemployed	4,280	2,105	2,175	70	35	30
Not in the labour force	26,990	11,015	15,970	385	180	200
Participation rate	71.3	75.5	67.4	42.5	45.5	39.7
Employment rate	66.7	70.8	63.0	32.8	33.3	30.9
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.2	6.6	24.6	23.3	22.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	93,980	44,925	49,050	675	335	340
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,040	10,200	14,840	345	150	195
Worked	68,935	34,725	34,210	330	180	150
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	37,595	20,945	16,650	120	75	50
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	31,345	13,780	17,565	210	110	100
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.9	42.3	35.6	36.3	34.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	66,990	33,910	33,085	285	150	140
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,250	595	650	10	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	65,740	33,310	32,425	280	145	135
Employee	57,810	28,320	29,495	225	110	110
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,930	4,995	2,935	60	35	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	66,990	33,905	33,080	285	150	135
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,250	600	655	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	65,740	33,310	32,430	285	145	135
0 Management occupations	8,985	5,395	3,585	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,500	3,425	8,075	25	10	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,695	4,440	1,255	10	0	10
3 Health occupations	3,235	660	2,580	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,740	2,215	5,520	0	0	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,195	930	1,265	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	15,920	7,185	8,740	60	15	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,115	6,725	395	65	55	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	850	675	180	40	30	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,505	1,670	840	45	25	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	66,990	33,910	33,080	285	150	140
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,250	600	650	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	65,740	33,310	32,430	280	145	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	260	125	135	35	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	70	10	10	0	0
22 Utilities	415	275	140	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,710	4,100	605	40	25	20
31-33 Manufacturing	6,180	4,195	1,990	75	50	25
41 Wholesale trade	3,120	1,990	1,135	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,030	3,565	4,465	15	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,065	1,495	570	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,925	1,125	800	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,625	2,085	2,540	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,600	740	860	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,695	3,750	2,945	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	210	80	130	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,795	1,625	1,175	15	0	10
61 Educational services	5,770	1,540	4,235	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,775	935	4,845	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,500	885	610	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,085	1,985	2,095	30	0	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,635	1,125	1,515	15	10	0
91 Public administration	3,250	1,615	1,630	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	62,710	31,805	30,905	220	110	105
Worked at home	5,480	2,625	2,855	25	10	15
Worked outside Canada	260	175	85	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,940	4,935	2,000	25	10	15
Worked at usual place	50,035	24,065	25,970	170	95	80
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	50,035	24,065	25,970	175	95	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15,345	6,040	9,305	30	15	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	19,145	9,150	10,000	115	70	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15,435	8,830	6,605	20	0	15
Commute to a different province or territory	110	55	55	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	56,970	29,000	27,970	195	105	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	44,575	23,500	21,080	180	105	80
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,780	1,440	2,340	10	0	10
Public transit	5,610	2,640	2,965	0	0	0
Walked	2,285	1,000	1,280	10	0	10
Bicycle	245	180	60	0	0	0
Other method	480	235	245	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	56,970	29,000	27,965	195	105	90
Less than 15 minutes	14,245	5,720	8,525	75	40	35
15 to 29 minutes	12,530	5,475	7,055	35	20	20
30 to 44 minutes	10,930	6,385	4,540	60	40	25
45 to 59 minutes	7,700	4,575	3,125	0	0	10
60 minutes and over	11,565	6,850	4,720	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	56,970	29,000	27,965	195	100	95
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,145	3,130	1,015	55	45	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,795	6,645	4,150	25	15	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,330	7,260	8,070	45	25	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,290	4,690	6,595	20	0	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,130	2,960	4,170	10	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,285	4,315	3,965	35	15	20
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	70,945	35,715	35,230	325	185	145
Single responses	69,850	35,270	34,580	330	180	145
Official languages	68,800	34,750	34,055	325	180	150
English	68,500	34,685	33,820	330	180	145
French	300	65	235	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,050	520	530	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,050	525	525	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	270	130	140	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	55	80	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	55	85	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	135	55	85	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	20	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	685	365	320	0	0	0
Chinese languages	680	365	320	0	0	0
Cantonese	250	120	125	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	425	235	190	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,095	440	650	0	0	0
English and French	290	100	200	0	0	0
English and non-official language	785	345	435	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	70,945	35,710	35,230	330	180	145
None	66,905	33,915	32,990	330	180	145
English	745	300	445	0	0	0
French	905	280	615	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,315	1,175	1,145	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,320	1,175	1,140	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	114,550	55,530	59,025	710	360	350
Non-movers	101,095	49,055	52,045	680	350	335
Movers	13,455	6,475	6,980	25	10	20
Non-migrants	5,035	2,520	2,510	10	0	0
Migrants	8,420	3,955	4,465	20	0	20
Internal migrants	7,610	3,580	4,035	25	0	15
Intraprovincial migrants	7,320	3,420	3,900	20	0	20
Interprovincial migrants	295	160	130	0	0	0
External migrants	810	375	430	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	109,375	52,850	56,525	705	355	345
Non-movers	69,035	33,540	35,500	615	315	300
Movers	40,335	19,310	21,025	90	40	50
Non-migrants	14,800	7,125	7,675	15	10	0
Migrants	25,540	12,185	13,350	75	30	45
Internal migrants	21,855	10,470	11,385	75	25	45
Intraprovincial migrants	20,955	10,030	10,925	60	20	40
Interprovincial migrants	900	445	460	10	10	10
External migrants	3,685	1,715	1,965	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Newmarket--Aurora [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, SNO [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newmarket--Aurora [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Newmarket--Aurora [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Newmarket--Aurora [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Division No. 1, Subd. A, Subdivision of unorganized [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador