Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leeds and Grenville, United counties [Census division], Ontario and Elk Point, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Leeds and Grenville, UC Ontario [Census division]			Elk Point, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Leeds and Grenville, United counties [Census division], Ontario Map : Leeds and Grenville, United counties [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Elk Point, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	100,546	...	...	1,452	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	99,306	...	...	1,412	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	48,226	...	...	642	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,749	...	...	534	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	29.7	...	...	295.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,382.89	...	...	4.91	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	100,545	49,115	51,430	1,455	735	720
0 to 14 years	14,040	7,170	6,865	275	160	120
0 to 4 years	4,120	2,140	1,980	90	55	40
5 to 9 years	4,790	2,415	2,375	100	60	40
10 to 14 years	5,130	2,620	2,505	85	45	40
15 to 64 years	63,120	31,075	32,050	910	460	455
15 to 19 years	5,700	2,930	2,770	100	45	50
20 to 24 years	5,000	2,630	2,370	95	40	55
25 to 29 years	4,490	2,315	2,180	105	55	50
30 to 34 years	4,560	2,200	2,360	90	40	50
35 to 39 years	4,845	2,345	2,500	95	45	50
40 to 44 years	5,825	2,805	3,020	75	35	45
45 to 49 years	6,845	3,355	3,490	100	60	45
50 to 54 years	8,515	4,105	4,405	105	45	60
55 to 59 years	8,820	4,305	4,520	70	50	20
60 to 64 years	8,525	4,090	4,435	70	30	35
65 years and over	23,390	10,875	12,515	260	115	140
65 to 69 years	7,955	3,860	4,090	50	30	25
70 to 74 years	5,820	2,930	2,895	55	30	30
75 to 79 years	4,075	1,935	2,135	60	25	40
80 to 84 years	2,760	1,215	1,545	35	20	15
85 years and over	2,785	935	1,850	60	20	40
85 to 89 years	1,725	650	1,075	25	10	15
90 to 94 years	820	240	580	25	5	15
95 to 99 years	220	40	180	5	0	5
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	14.6	13.3	18.9	21.8	16.7
15 to 64 years	62.8	63.3	62.3	62.5	62.6	63.2
65 years and over	23.3	22.1	24.3	17.9	15.6	19.4
85 years and over	2.8	1.9	3.6	4.1	2.7	5.6
Average age of the population	45.6	44.6	46.6	39.9	38.6	41.3
Median age of the population	49.3	48.4	50.2	38.2	37.6	38.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,750	...	...	535	...	...
Single-detached house	32,730	...	...	420	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	730	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,845	...	...	60	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,920	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	1,485	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	470	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,750	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	215	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	445	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,750	...	...	535	...	...
1 person	11,305	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	17,890	...	...	190	...	...
3 persons	6,130	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	4,935	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	2,495	...	...	45	...	...
Number of persons in private households	98,785	...	...	1,345	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	86,510	41,945	44,565	1,175	575	595
Married or living common law	53,780	26,840	26,935	660	335	325
Married	44,565	22,260	22,305	520	265	250
Living common law	9,215	4,585	4,630	145	70	70
Not married and not living common law	32,730	15,105	17,630	510	240	275
Never married	18,220	10,115	8,105	280	155	125
Separated	2,685	1,200	1,485	40	25	15
Divorced	5,755	2,485	3,270	90	35	50
Widowed	6,070	1,295	4,775	100	25	80
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,870	...	...	390	...	...
2 persons	18,435	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	5,910	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	4,630	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	1,900	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,875	...	...	395	...	...
Total couple families	26,570	...	...	315	...	...
Married couples	21,960	...	...	245	...	...
Common-law couples	4,605	...	...	70	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,305	...	...	75	...	...
Female parent	3,265	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	1,040	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,570	...	...	315	...	...
Couples without children	15,720	...	...	160	...	...
Couples with children	10,850	...	...	155	...	...
1 child	4,705	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	4,325	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more children	1,825	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,310	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	2,715	...	...	45	...	...
2 children	1,200	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	390	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,475	6,980	8,490	215	115	100
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,750	...	...	535	...	...
One-census-family households	29,710	...	...	370	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15,195	...	...	150	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,510	...	...	220	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	575	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,465	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	11,300	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,165	...	...	25	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	99,220	48,570	50,650	1,425	720	700
English only	87,415	43,360	44,050	1,355	690	670
French only	55	25	25	0	0	0
English and French	11,625	5,140	6,485	65	30	30
Neither English nor French	120	40	80	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	99,220	48,565	50,650	1,420	720	705
English	95,885	47,050	48,835	1,395	705	690
French	3,105	1,430	1,675	30	15	15
English and French	125	60	70	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	105	30	70	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,170	1,460	1,710	30	15	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.2	3.0	3.4	2.1	2.1	2.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	99,220	48,570	50,650	1,420	720	700
Single responses	98,510	48,260	50,255	1,410	720	690
Official languages	94,760	46,515	48,250	1,250	640	615
English	91,530	45,010	46,520	1,220	625	595
French	3,225	1,495	1,730	35	15	15
Non-official languages	3,750	1,745	2,005	160	75	80
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	10	5	10
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	10	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,725	1,735	1,990	145	75	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	45	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	30	90	60	30	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	20	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	25	70	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	5	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,920	1,380	1,540	65	35	30
Albanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	455	195	260	50	25	20
Baltic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	425	185	240	50	25	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	5	0	0
Czech	55	25	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	180	80	100	0	0	0
Russian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	35	40	20	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,595	755	840	10	5	10
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dutch	800	385	415	0	0	0
Frisian	45	25	20	0	0	0
German	670	305	360	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	5	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	75	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	135	125	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	100	105	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	40	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	445	215	235	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	160	80	80	5	0	0
Portuguese	65	25	40	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Spanish	190	85	105	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	275	120	155	5	5	5
Chinese languages	275	120	155	10	5	0
Cantonese	65	30	35	5	5	0
Hakka	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	145	60	80	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	105	65	40	5	5	0
Estonian	5	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	50	20	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	710	310	400	10	10	5
English and French	415	180	240	5	5	0
English and non-official language	275	125	145	10	5	5
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	99,220	48,565	50,650	1,425	720	700
Single responses	98,380	48,185	50,200	1,395	705	690
Official languages	97,510	47,765	49,740	1,310	665	645
English	96,615	47,380	49,235	1,310	665	645
French	895	385	510	0	0	0
Non-official languages	875	415	455	80	45	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	870	420	455	80	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	15	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	30	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	25	45	20	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	20	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	510	250	260	20	10	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	50	55	15	10	5
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	45	50	15	10	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Czech	25	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	25	20	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	10	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	70	70	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	25	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	40	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	75	75	5	0	5
Chinese languages	150	75	80	5	0	0
Cantonese	40	20	15	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	35	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	5	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	835	380	455	30	15	15
English and French	225	100	125	5	0	0
English and non-official language	590	280	315	25	15	10
French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	99,220	48,570	50,655	1,425	720	705
None	94,830	46,635	48,200	1,325	670	650
English	925	430	500	40	20	20
French	2,115	920	1,195	20	15	5
Non-official language	1,275	560	715	50	20	30
Aboriginal	25	10	15	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,245	550	700	50	20	25
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	15	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	84,770	41,230	43,540	1,070	530	535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	81,685	39,765	41,920	1,020	510	505
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,329	40,366	29,483	42,240	62,592	30,656
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	81,730	39,770	41,960	1,015	510	510
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,122	36,031	26,996	37,291	52,544	28,651
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,990	36,115	36,865	955	495	460
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,193	37,631	25,652	40,474	61,952	28,608
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,535	27,710	32,820	590	220	370
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,463	8,480	8,446	5,096	7,152	4,736
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,875	29,270	27,610	850	455	395
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,912	35,757	26,971	42,112	63,744	31,584
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	84,765	41,230	43,540	1,085	550	530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,760	39,795	41,960	1,015	520	495
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,939	49,537	36,682	60,554	83,264	36,672
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,805	39,795	42,010	1,020	520	495
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,440	41,477	31,669	49,612	66,227	32,139
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,910	36,055	36,855	960	505	450
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,580	47,805	33,512	60,081	82,146	35,184
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,560	27,665	32,895	560	210	345
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,113	8,951	9,250	7,167	7,807	6,770
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,880	29,270	27,610	860	465	395
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,330	44,477	33,874	54,277	70,387	35,192
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	84,765	41,230	43,540	1,085	550	530
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	28,065	15,670	12,400	395	245	150
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,188	54,946	45,259	56,783	83,413	37,918
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,514	62,303	51,460	71,194	88,459	44,147
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.5	87.6	80.6	91.6	94.0	85.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.5	65.9	60.4	79.1	81.5	74.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.5	12.4	19.4	8.3	5.1	14.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	84,765	41,225	43,540	1,065	535	535
Without total income	3,080	1,465	1,615	50	25	30
With total income	81,685	39,765	41,925	1,015	510	510
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.5	96.3	95.3	95.3	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,960	4,255	5,710	125	35	85
$10,000 to $19,999	14,345	5,775	8,570	115	40	75
$20,000 to $29,999	11,995	4,995	7,005	120	35	85
$30,000 to $39,999	10,275	4,665	5,605	120	45	75
$40,000 to $49,999	9,300	4,630	4,670	120	45	75
$50,000 to $59,999	6,880	3,710	3,170	75	40	35
$60,000 to $69,999	5,155	3,010	2,145	65	45	20
$70,000 to $79,999	3,745	2,310	1,430	50	30	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,775	1,660	1,120	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	2,390	1,370	1,025	55	40	15
$100,000 and over	4,860	3,380	1,480	130	110	20
$100,000 to $149,999	3,580	2,420	1,165	90	80	10
$150,000 and over	1,275	965	310	40	35	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	84,765	41,230	43,535	1,065	530	535
Without after-tax income	3,040	1,460	1,580	50	20	30
With after-tax income	81,725	39,765	41,960	1,020	515	505
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.4	96.4	95.8	97.2	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,520	4,380	6,140	125	35	85
$10,000 to $19,999	14,960	6,075	8,885	115	40	75
$20,000 to $29,999	14,045	5,930	8,115	155	50	105
$30,000 to $39,999	12,465	5,955	6,505	140	55	90
$40,000 to $49,999	9,975	5,210	4,765	120	60	60
$50,000 to $59,999	6,780	3,950	2,830	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	4,645	2,860	1,785	60	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	3,390	1,995	1,395	80	60	25
$80,000 and over	4,955	3,415	1,535	120	100	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,925	1,225	705	35	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,015	690	320	30	25	5
$100,000 and over	2,015	1,500	510	60	50	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	84,770	41,230	43,535	1,065	530	535
Without employment income	27,890	11,965	15,930	220	75	140
With employment income	56,880	29,270	27,610	850	455	400
Percentage with employment income	67.1	71.0	63.4	79.8	85.8	74.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,375	4,730	4,645	90	35	55
$5,000 to $9,999	4,700	2,075	2,625	55	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	7,475	3,415	4,065	90	40	50
$20,000 to $29,999	6,290	2,825	3,465	75	25	50
$30,000 to $39,999	6,065	2,780	3,295	95	30	65
$40,000 to $49,999	5,580	2,795	2,785	90	35	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,275	2,330	1,950	60	30	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,240	1,925	1,320	50	35	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,490	1,565	925	50	35	15
$80,000 and over	7,380	4,835	2,540	200	170	30
$80,000 to $89,999	2,095	1,285	810	40	35	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,950	1,085	860	50	35	10
$100,000 and over	3,335	2,465	875	105	95	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,745	...	...	535	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,305	...	...	91,776	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,569	...	...	76,032	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,305	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,310	...	...	46,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,346	...	...	40,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,445	...	...	405	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,176	...	...	104,789	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,209	...	...	88,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,750	...	...	530	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,121	...	...	115,605	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,734	...	...	94,715	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,325	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,427	...	...	52,244	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,215	...	...	44,112	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,425	...	...	395	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,423	...	...	138,349	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,810	...	...	112,880	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,745	...	...	535	...	...
Under $5,000	405	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	490	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,150	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,605	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,825	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,775	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,885	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,975	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,955	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,950	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,470	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,450	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,090	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,920	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,480	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,305	...	...	235	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,590	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,040	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,915	...	...	70	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,760	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,750	...	...	530	...	...
Under $5,000	445	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	505	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,190	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,660	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,050	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,005	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,195	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,330	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,360	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,140	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,240	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,030	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,555	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,990	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,410	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,635	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,090	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,250	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,295	...	...	50	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,580	...	...	390	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,423	...	...	104,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,321	...	...	87,808	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,855	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,446	...	...	92,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,188	...	...	78,592	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,955	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,421	...	...	133,461	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,658	...	...	105,984	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,030	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,421	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,328	...	...	59,008	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,600	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,696	...	...	139,288	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,958	...	...	113,599	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,835	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,321	...	...	139,187	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,108	...	...	114,106	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,925	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,518	...	...	153,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,768	...	...	124,850	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,040	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,455	...	...	82,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,116	...	...	69,287	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,890	6,355	7,535	185	100	85
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,151	32,230	30,268	43,904	55,936	32,192
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,495	29,056	27,968	37,696	47,360	30,144
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,795	6,300	7,495	180	90	95
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,013	42,456	37,957	51,896	60,593	43,324
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,316	35,859	33,018	43,575	49,605	37,632
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	98,790	48,395	50,390	1,340	690	655
In the bottom half of the distribution	49,550	23,625	25,920	505	250	260
In the bottom decile	8,160	4,030	4,130	60	30	30
In the second decile	9,760	4,340	5,425	105	45	60
In the third decile	10,520	5,020	5,505	130	65	65
In the fourth decile	10,465	5,035	5,435	110	60	50
In the fifth decile	10,640	5,205	5,435	100	50	50
In the top half of the distribution	49,235	24,765	24,475	840	445	395
In the sixth decile	10,615	5,265	5,350	135	70	70
In the seventh decile	10,840	5,420	5,415	175	85	90
In the eighth decile	10,180	5,165	5,020	185	105	80
In the ninth decile	10,410	5,270	5,140	185	90	95
In the top decile	7,185	3,645	3,540	160	95	65
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	98,790	48,390	50,395	1,345	690	655
0 to 17 years	17,505	8,960	8,545	335	185	150
0 to 5 years	4,995	2,590	2,405	105	60	50
18 to 64 years	59,170	28,940	30,235	850	430	425
65 years and over	22,110	10,495	11,615	160	80	80
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,850	5,990	6,865	100	45	55
0 to 17 years	2,870	1,470	1,395	35	20	15
0 to 5 years	900	475	430	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	7,730	3,655	4,080	50	20	30
65 years and over	2,250	870	1,385	15	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	12.4	13.6	7.4	6.5	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	16.4	16.4	16.3	10.4	10.8	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.0	18.3	17.9	9.5	16.7	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.1	12.6	13.5	5.9	4.7	7.1
65 years and over (%)	10.2	8.3	11.9	9.4	6.3	6.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,475	2,315	2,155	40	15	20
0 to 17 years	770	420	355	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	250	145	110	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	3,410	1,745	1,660	25	15	15
65 years and over	295	150	145	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.5	4.8	4.3	3.0	2.2	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	4.7	4.2	4.5	5.4	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	5.0	5.6	4.6	4.8	8.3	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	6.0	5.5	2.9	3.5	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.4	1.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	98,785	48,395	50,395	1,345	715	625
Official languages	98,620	48,325	50,295	1,345	715	625
English	98,555	48,305	50,250	1,340	715	630
French	11,655	5,040	6,610	60	30	30
Non-official languages	4,920	2,170	2,755	185	105	75
Aboriginal languages	25	10	20	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	15	0	15	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,905	2,165	2,735	170	105	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	145	55	90	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	145	55	95	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	115	50	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	25	40	25	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	25	45	25	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	240	70	175	55	25	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	0	15	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	230	65	160	55	25	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	60	25	35	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,710	1,670	2,035	55	45	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	415	180	230	30	25	0
Baltic languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	395	175	215	30	30	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	40	15	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	175	95	85	0	0	0
Russian	85	35	55	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	0	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	35	35	25	20	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,945	890	1,060	10	10	10
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	815	370	445	0	0	0
Frisian	60	30	30	0	0	0
German	1,040	475	565	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	45	20	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	90	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	310	155	155	0	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	260	130	135	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	145	60	85	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	70	65	0	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	30	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	995	400	595	0	10	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	245	110	135	0	10	0
Portuguese	120	55	60	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	680	255	425	0	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	20	0	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	190	85	105	0	0	0
American Sign Language	70	30	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	125	50	75	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	340	160	180	30	20	10
Chinese languages	340	160	180	35	25	10
Cantonese	85	50	35	20	15	10
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	205	90	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	35	30	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	25	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	98,785	48,390	50,395	1,345	720	625
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	97,080	47,625	49,455	1,275	680	600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,375	8,855	8,520	330	190	135
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	79,700	38,765	40,935	945	480	465
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,710	770	935	70	40	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	98,785	48,395	50,395	1,345	720	625
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	91,515	44,985	46,530	1,200	635	565
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,115	3,315	3,800	145	80	65
Before 1981	4,615	2,245	2,375	20	15	0
1981 to 1990	825	320	510	20	15	0
1991 to 2000	540	225	320	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	750	350	400	30	10	15
2001 to 2005	340	150	190	20	10	15
2006 to 2010	405	200	205	10	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	380	175	210	55	25	30
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	160	95	65	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,115	3,315	3,800	140	80	65
Under 5 years	1,170	595	580	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	1,555	815	740	25	25	0
15 to 24 years	1,750	725	1,020	40	15	25
25 to 44 years	2,285	1,035	1,250	60	35	30
45 years and over	350	150	200	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,115	3,310	3,800	140	80	60
Americas	1,370	565	805	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	65	35	35	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	25	20	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	15	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	45	25	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,000	410	590	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	170	60	110	0	0	0
Europe	4,500	2,230	2,270	20	20	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	55	20	40	0	0	0
Germany	595	320	275	0	0	0
Greece	70	35	30	0	0	0
Hungary	45	25	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	75	20	55	0	0	0
Italy	95	60	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	835	405	435	0	0	0
Poland	90	40	50	0	0	0
Portugal	40	20	20	0	0	0
Romania	15	15	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,200	1,125	1,080	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	330	135	200	0	0	0
Africa	155	65	85	25	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	25	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	20	40	25	15	10
Asia	1,010	395	615	95	50	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	190	70	120	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	20	0	10	0	0
India	200	90	110	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	220	50	170	60	30	30
Sri Lanka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	25	35	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	135	50	90	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	75	60	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	385	175	210	55	25	35
Americas	90	60	25	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	45	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	55	30	25	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	35	0	30	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	15	10	0	0
Asia	195	70	125	55	25	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	0	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	55	20	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	0	20	50	25	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	98,785	48,395	50,395	1,345	720	625
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	7,820	3,700	4,120	140	80	65
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	12,870	6,325	6,550	170	90	85
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	78,095	38,365	39,730	1,030	550	480
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,580	1,120	1,465	125	65	60
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,215	545	670	75	40	30
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	535	285	250	25	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	680	265	420	50	30	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,155	485	670	35	15	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	190	90	105	20	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	98,785	48,395	50,395	1,345	720	625
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,420	1,585	1,830	220	140	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,255	1,510	1,750	220	135	80
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,845	850	995	120	85	35
Métis	1,380	640	735	100	55	45
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	115	60	55	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	95,370	46,805	48,565	1,125	580	545
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	98,790	48,395	50,395	1,345	720	625
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	740	340	400	115	95	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	98,050	48,060	49,990	1,230	625	600
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	98,785	48,395	50,395	1,340	715	630
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	595	290	305	85	55	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	575	285	290	80	50	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	440	215	225	65	45	20
Métis single ancestry	125	65	55	15	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	25	10	15	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,230	2,440	2,790	140	85	60
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,095	2,395	2,700	135	75	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,625	1,700	1,925	55	45	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,425	670	755	80	35	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	20	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	45	95	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	50	90	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	92,960	45,660	47,300	1,120	580	540
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	98,785	48,390	50,395	1,345	720	630
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,140	990	1,150	170	90	80
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	485	265	220	10	10	0
Chinese	415	200	215	25	20	0
Black	365	165	200	35	10	25
Filipino	285	80	210	75	40	35
Latin American	130	55	75	0	0	0
Arab	105	60	50	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	120	35	80	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	25	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	100	55	45	20	0	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	96,650	47,405	49,245	1,175	630	545
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	98,790	48,395	50,395	1,340	720	625
North American Aboriginal origins	5,830	2,735	3,100	225	140	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,225	1,970	2,260	130	95	30
Inuit	65	40	30	0	0	0
Métis	1,705	780	920	105	50	55
Other North American origins	41,750	20,405	21,345	430	245	185
Acadian	175	85	90	0	0	0
American	1,455	760	690	10	0	10
Canadian	40,725	19,870	20,855	415	240	175
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	30	30	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	75,520	36,945	38,570	915	460	460
British Isles origins	62,055	30,240	31,810	490	235	255
Channel Islander	25	0	25	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	33,720	16,230	17,485	265	145	125
Irish	30,550	14,595	15,955	240	115	125
Manx	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish	26,620	12,885	13,735	150	70	80
Welsh	1,995	920	1,075	25	10	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,415	1,595	1,820	0	0	10
French origins	15,400	7,250	8,150	180	75	100
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,400	7,245	8,145	175	75	100
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,285	8,450	8,835	295	120	170
Austrian	430	210	225	10	10	0
Bavarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	395	185	215	0	0	0
Dutch	7,270	3,695	3,575	60	35	30
Flemish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Frisian	80	35	35	0	0	0
German	10,010	4,810	5,205	215	85	135
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	365	165	200	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,935	940	995	130	60	75
Danish	505	230	270	30	15	10
Finnish	335	140	200	0	10	0
Icelandic	90	60	30	10	0	0
Norwegian	470	215	255	80	35	50
Swedish	525	255	270	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	125	65	55	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	5,220	2,640	2,575	375	205	175
Bulgarian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	305	160	145	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	105	35	65	0	0	0
Estonian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	495	220	270	0	0	0
Latvian	60	20	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	105	60	45	0	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,065	1,075	985	105	70	40
Romanian	190	95	95	10	10	0
Russian	495	275	225	30	20	15
Slovak	195	105	95	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,675	915	765	305	165	145
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,925	1,875	2,045	85	60	30
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	420	205	210	0	0	0
Italian	2,385	1,160	1,220	25	20	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Maltese	120	50	70	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	280	110	165	10	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Sicilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Spanish	595	255	340	40	15	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	435	200	235	0	0	10
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	165	70	100	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	240	110	125	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	430	220	215	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	35	20	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaican	125	55	65	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	25	20	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	10	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	300	140	155	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	40	15	20	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	75	35	40	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	20	10	0	0	0
African origins	390	190	200	35	10	25
Central and West African origins	70	25	45	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	65	40	30	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	130	65	70	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	20	10	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	75	30	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	75	55	30	10	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	125	75	45	25	10	20
Asian origins	2,070	985	1,080	145	80	70
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	440	240	195	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	20	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	175	100	75	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	35	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	580	305	275	0	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	480	250	230	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	40	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	0	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,060	445	615	140	75	65
Burmese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese	580	280	300	45	25	20
Filipino	320	105	215	70	40	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	15	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	0	10	20	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	25	40	20	0	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	155	90	70	0	0	0
Australian	150	75	75	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,750	...	...	530	...	...
Owner	33,350	...	...	420	...	...
Renter	9,405	...	...	105	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,750	...	...	530	...	...
Condominium	1,725	...	...	20	...	...
Not condominium	41,020	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,750	...	...	535	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,240	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,040	...	...	100	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,365	...	...	160	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,035	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,750	...	...	530	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,930	...	...	65	...	...
5 rooms	6,210	...	...	90	...	...
6 rooms	7,460	...	...	75	...	...
7 rooms	7,205	...	...	65	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,945	...	...	240	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,750	...	...	535	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,575	...	...	520	...	...
More than 1 person per room	175	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,750	...	...	535	...	...
Suitable	41,760	...	...	515	...	...
Not suitable	985	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,750	...	...	535	...	...
1960 or before	14,965	...	...	115	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,800	...	...	210	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,410	...	...	80	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,110	...	...	55	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,755	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,915	...	...	40	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,800	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,750	...	...	530	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	39,435	...	...	490	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,310	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,750	...	...	530	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,640	...	...	355	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,665	...	...	165	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	450	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,750	...	...	530	...	...
15 to 24 years	755	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,845	...	...	110	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,625	...	...	100	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,590	...	...	105	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,870	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,085	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,380	...	...	55	...	...
85 years and over	1,595	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,840	...	...	535	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,180	...	...	455	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,660	...	...	85	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,920	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,500	...	...	425	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.6	...	...	61.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.7	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,027	...	...	1,254	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,153	...	...	1,245	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,570	...	...	274,529	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,250	...	...	278,286	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,380	...	...	110	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.5	...	...	18.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	865	...	...	1,099	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	922	...	...	1,084	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	84,770	41,230	43,540	1,085	555	535
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,090	7,955	7,135	240	115	125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25,375	12,460	12,920	355	200	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,305	20,815	23,485	485	235	250
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,090	5,280	1,805	100	85	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,445	2,260	1,180	25	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,640	3,020	625	75	65	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,395	9,310	14,085	255	85	170
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,545	695	845	30	15	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,280	5,530	6,745	100	50	55
Bachelor's degree	8,650	3,650	5,005	75	30	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	805	365	440	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	325	215	110	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,090	1,020	1,070	15	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	410	280	130	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	52,000	25,155	26,845	720	375	345
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,545	3,245	2,300	125	65	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,025	7,725	7,300	205	120	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,430	14,185	17,245	395	185	200
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,610	3,495	1,120	80	70	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,175	1,450	725	20	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,435	2,040	390	55	55	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,425	6,895	10,530	210	70	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	905	395	515	25	15	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,490	3,400	5,090	75	35	45
Bachelor's degree	6,150	2,350	3,800	55	25	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	500	195	310	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	125	85	10	0	0
Master's degree	1,395	610	785	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	230	120	110	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	84,770	41,230	43,540	1,085	550	530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40,465	20,410	20,050	595	315	280
Education	2,740	670	2,070	45	20	25
13. Education	2,740	670	2,070	45	20	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,325	590	740	20	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	305	235	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,025	355	675	20	0	20
Humanities	1,800	840	950	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	150	15	135	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	415	175	245	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	420	210	210	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	0	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	45	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	315	185	130	0	0	0
54. History	315	200	115	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	70	10	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,725	1,390	3,335	15	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	15	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	385	135	250	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,205	120	1,090	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	595	170	425	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	165	0	155	0	0	0
42. Psychology	830	180	650	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,480	765	720	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,020	2,650	5,370	100	30	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	0	35	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	820	145	675	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,165	2,500	4,655	95	30	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,225	610	615	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	505	200	310	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	230	115	120	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	310	215	95	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	175	80	95	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,400	820	575	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,115	675	440	10	0	10
25. Library science	85	10	75	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	185	130	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,420	8,945	475	125	115	10
04. Architecture and related services	225	160	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,055	940	115	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,305	2,125	180	20	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,060	2,010	55	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,765	2,750	15	50	40	10
48. Precision production	1,015	965	45	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,390	905	490	25	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,005	660	345	15	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	385	245	140	10	10	0
Health and related fields	8,520	1,330	7,190	100	10	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	570	280	290	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,890	1,020	6,875	100	15	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	35	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,740	2,070	1,670	40	25	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,670	440	1,230	25	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	40	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	75	70	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,285	900	390	20	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	665	620	45	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	52,000	25,150	26,845	725	375	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,565	10,970	9,600	330	185	145
Education	1,645	395	1,255	25	10	20
13. Education	1,645	390	1,250	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	995	455	540	20	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	160	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	790	295	490	20	0	15
Humanities	1,100	465	630	0	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	0	95	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	185	50	140	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	280	120	155	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	0	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	25	40	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	110	80	0	0	0
54. History	215	145	70	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,600	895	2,705	15	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	300	85	215	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	995	80	915	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	455	100	360	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	155	10	145	0	0	0
42. Psychology	565	95	475	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,085	520	560	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,755	1,745	4,010	85	30	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	660	100	560	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,075	1,640	3,435	80	30	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	755	320	435	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	340	125	225	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	60	70	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	175	105	70	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	35	70	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,075	640	435	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	915	545	365	10	0	0
25. Library science	40	0	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	85	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,580	6,165	415	90	85	0
04. Architecture and related services	180	115	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	600	505	100	10	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,605	1,440	165	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,575	1,535	45	10	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,980	1,965	10	40	35	0
48. Precision production	635	605	30	10	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,030	625	405	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	745	455	290	15	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	285	170	120	10	10	0
Health and related fields	6,055	955	5,100	80	15	65
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	455	210	245	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,565	725	4,835	80	15	65
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,850	1,540	1,315	40	25	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,305	360	945	25	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	30	20	15	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	965	645	320	15	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	520	480	35	0	0	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	84,770	41,225	43,535	1,085	550	530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,465	20,415	20,055	595	315	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,305	20,815	23,490	490	230	250
Location of study inside Canada	41,315	19,315	22,000	430	205	225
Same as province or territory of residence	37,095	17,290	19,800	370	180	190
Different than province or territory of residence	4,215	2,020	2,195	60	25	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,990	1,500	1,485	60	30	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,105	555	545	0	0	10
Philippines	125	30	95	25	10	15
India	85	50	40	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	815	490	330	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	35	45	10	0	0
France	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other	760	345	415	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	51,995	25,155	26,845	720	380	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,565	10,965	9,600	330	190	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,430	14,185	17,245	395	190	200
Location of study inside Canada	29,685	13,415	16,275	340	160	175
Same as province or territory of residence	27,100	12,220	14,880	280	135	140
Different than province or territory of residence	2,590	1,190	1,395	60	25	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,745	775	970	50	30	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	750	360	385	0	0	0
Philippines	95	25	70	25	10	15
India	85	45	40	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	330	155	175	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	80	25	50	0	10	0
France	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other	390	150	235	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	84,765	41,230	43,540	1,085	550	535
In the labour force	50,805	26,305	24,500	825	445	380
Employed	46,870	24,035	22,835	735	390	340
Unemployed	3,935	2,270	1,665	95	50	40
Not in the labour force	33,960	14,920	19,040	260	105	150
Participation rate	59.9	63.8	56.3	76.0	80.9	71.0
Employment rate	55.3	58.3	52.4	67.7	70.9	63.6
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.6	6.8	11.5	11.2	10.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	84,765	41,230	43,535	1,085	550	535
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	31,540	13,805	17,735	225	90	130
Worked	53,230	27,425	25,805	860	460	405
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	28,820	16,115	12,710	400	245	155
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	24,410	11,310	13,100	460	215	250
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.4	42.9	41.3	41.9	40.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	50,810	26,310	24,500	825	440	380
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	975	465	515	20	15	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	49,830	25,845	23,990	800	430	375
Employee	43,230	21,755	21,470	690	350	340
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,605	4,085	2,520	110	75	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	50,805	26,310	24,500	825	445	380
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	975	465	515	20	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	49,830	25,845	23,990	805	435	370
0 Management occupations	5,665	3,545	2,120	75	60	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,050	1,970	5,085	110	0	105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,625	2,060	570	20	15	0
3 Health occupations	3,800	570	3,230	95	15	80
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,135	1,635	3,500	35	15	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,145	455	685	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	11,805	4,705	7,105	165	60	105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,615	7,970	640	180	170	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,280	1,030	250	75	55	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,705	1,900	800	40	35	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	50,805	26,310	24,500	825	445	380
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	980	465	510	20	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	49,835	25,845	23,990	805	430	375
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,665	1,200	465	40	25	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	125	120	10	205	165	40
22 Utilities	310	280	25	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,520	4,010	510	30	20	10
31-33 Manufacturing	4,470	3,235	1,235	15	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,640	1,135	505	10	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,410	2,990	3,415	85	40	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,395	1,715	685	65	40	20
51 Information and cultural industries	725	415	310	15	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,140	400	745	15	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	840	425	415	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,310	1,190	1,115	30	15	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	10	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,625	1,490	1,140	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,045	825	2,220	50	20	30
62 Health care and social assistance	6,665	1,010	5,655	130	20	110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,230	615	610	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,625	1,470	2,155	50	15	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,125	1,110	1,020	30	15	15
91 Public administration	3,945	2,215	1,735	10	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	46,870	24,035	22,835	730	395	340
Worked at home	4,145	2,235	1,910	45	20	25
Worked outside Canada	145	95	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,445	3,985	1,460	150	140	15
Worked at usual place	37,135	17,720	19,410	535	235	300
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,135	17,720	19,410	535	235	300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,955	5,535	6,415	370	155	215
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	12,450	5,690	6,755	135	60	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	12,400	6,290	6,120	20	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	325	200	125	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	42,575	21,705	20,870	690	370	310
Car, truck, van - as a driver	36,275	18,805	17,470	570	325	250
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,725	1,150	1,575	25	15	15
Public transit	465	175	285	0	0	0
Walked	2,425	1,120	1,305	85	35	50
Bicycle	210	165	50	0	0	0
Other method	480	295	180	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	42,575	21,710	20,870	685	370	315
Less than 15 minutes	14,410	6,815	7,595	430	220	205
15 to 29 minutes	12,360	6,085	6,270	110	50	65
30 to 44 minutes	7,680	4,070	3,610	70	45	25
45 to 59 minutes	4,210	2,325	1,890	55	35	20
60 minutes and over	3,925	2,415	1,505	25	20	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	42,575	21,710	20,870	685	375	315
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,715	2,470	1,245	70	70	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,930	6,010	3,915	150	95	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,130	6,070	6,060	170	80	85
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,145	2,750	4,400	115	45	70
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,510	1,290	2,220	70	30	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,150	3,115	3,030	115	45	65
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	54,735	28,125	26,610	885	465	420
Single responses	54,430	28,000	26,440	880	465	420
Official languages	54,390	27,970	26,420	880	465	415
English	54,040	27,875	26,165	880	465	420
French	350	90	255	0	0	0
Non-official languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	300	125	175	10	0	0
English and French	290	120	170	10	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	54,735	28,125	26,605	885	465	420
None	51,980	26,865	25,115	875	460	410
English	265	85	170	0	0	0
French	2,295	1,095	1,205	0	0	0
Non-official language	165	60	105	10	0	10
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	155	60	95	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	97,920	47,875	50,045	1,325	700	625
Non-movers	87,295	42,785	44,510	1,160	615	545
Movers	10,625	5,090	5,535	165	85	80
Non-migrants	4,550	2,150	2,400	80	40	35
Migrants	6,075	2,945	3,130	85	45	40
Internal migrants	5,805	2,790	3,010	85	40	40
Intraprovincial migrants	5,125	2,465	2,660	60	35	30
Interprovincial migrants	680	325	350	20	10	15
External migrants	275	150	125	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	94,685	46,265	48,415	1,260	655	605
Non-movers	64,365	31,655	32,715	780	410	370
Movers	30,320	14,615	15,700	480	250	230
Non-migrants	12,155	5,845	6,310	220	105	115
Migrants	18,165	8,770	9,395	260	145	115
Internal migrants	17,555	8,455	9,100	215	125	90
Intraprovincial migrants	15,700	7,555	8,140	105	65	40
Interprovincial migrants	1,860	900	955	115	65	45
External migrants	610	315	295	45	20	25

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Leeds and Grenville, UC [Census division], Ontario and Elk Point, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leeds and Grenville, United counties [Census division], Ontario and Elk Point, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Leeds and Grenville, United counties [Census division], Ontario and Elk Point, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leeds and Grenville, United counties [Census division], Ontario and Elk Point, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta