Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nipissing--Timiskaming [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Victoria, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Nipissing--Timiskaming Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Victoria, Subd. B, SC Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Nipissing--Timiskaming [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Nipissing--Timiskaming [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Victoria, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	88,813	...	...	3,985	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	90,996	...	...	3,828	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.4	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	43,365	...	...	2,599	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	38,224	...	...	1,808	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.7	...	...	3.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	13,208.18	...	...	1,232.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	88,815	43,195	45,615	3,985	1,965	2,025
0 to 14 years	13,175	6,675	6,500	475	250	220
0 to 4 years	4,160	2,155	2,010	150	70	75
5 to 9 years	4,510	2,250	2,255	160	90	70
10 to 14 years	4,510	2,270	2,235	170	90	80
15 to 64 years	57,420	28,305	29,115	2,360	1,160	1,200
15 to 19 years	5,035	2,570	2,460	190	100	85
20 to 24 years	5,235	2,600	2,630	140	80	65
25 to 29 years	5,095	2,590	2,505	130	60	70
30 to 34 years	5,110	2,500	2,610	155	80	75
35 to 39 years	4,765	2,360	2,410	175	90	90
40 to 44 years	5,100	2,485	2,615	175	75	100
45 to 49 years	5,630	2,770	2,860	235	120	120
50 to 54 years	7,445	3,565	3,880	365	180	185
55 to 59 years	7,455	3,685	3,765	395	190	205
60 to 64 years	6,555	3,180	3,375	410	195	215
65 years and over	18,220	8,220	10,000	1,150	555	600
65 to 69 years	5,890	2,880	3,015	430	220	215
70 to 74 years	4,230	1,990	2,240	290	155	135
75 to 79 years	3,390	1,510	1,880	180	85	95
80 to 84 years	2,460	1,090	1,370	125	60	70
85 years and over	2,245	745	1,500	120	35	80
85 to 89 years	1,435	525	905	75	25	50
90 to 94 years	635	185	445	25	5	20
95 to 99 years	165	35	130	15	0	10
100 years and over	15	5	15	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	15.5	14.2	11.9	12.7	10.9
15 to 64 years	64.7	65.5	63.8	59.2	59.0	59.3
65 years and over	20.5	19.0	21.9	28.9	28.2	29.6
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.3	3.0	1.8	4.0
Average age of the population	43.6	42.6	44.6	49.4	48.3	50.4
Median age of the population	45.8	44.7	46.8	54.6	54.0	55.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	38,225	...	...	1,805	...	...
Single-detached house	24,650	...	...	1,585	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,940	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	11,365	...	...	125	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,270	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,000	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,915	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,070	...	...	80	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	275	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	38,225	...	...	1,810	...	...
1 person	11,195	...	...	570	...	...
2 persons	15,075	...	...	770	...	...
3 persons	5,455	...	...	225	...	...
4 persons	4,385	...	...	155	...	...
5 or more persons	2,115	...	...	90	...	...
Number of persons in private households	86,705	...	...	3,875	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	75,640	36,525	39,115	3,510	1,715	1,800
Married or living common law	44,120	22,050	22,065	2,165	1,085	1,070
Married	34,925	17,475	17,455	1,895	950	940
Living common law	9,195	4,575	4,615	270	135	135
Not married and not living common law	31,520	14,470	17,045	1,350	625	725
Never married	18,510	10,050	8,465	730	415	315
Separated	2,830	1,250	1,580	105	45	60
Divorced	4,735	2,040	2,700	200	100	100
Widowed	5,435	1,130	4,310	315	65	250
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	26,030	...	...	1,210	...	...
2 persons	15,340	...	...	780	...	...
3 persons	5,135	...	...	215	...	...
4 persons	4,030	...	...	150	...	...
5 or more persons	1,520	...	...	65	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	26,025	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total couple families	21,685	...	...	1,060	...	...
Married couples	17,085	...	...	925	...	...
Common-law couples	4,595	...	...	135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,340	...	...	145	...	...
Female parent	3,400	...	...	110	...	...
Male parent	940	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	21,685	...	...	1,060	...	...
Couples without children	12,590	...	...	680	...	...
Couples with children	9,095	...	...	380	...	...
1 child	3,915	...	...	180	...	...
2 children	3,735	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more children	1,445	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,340	...	...	150	...	...
1 child	2,750	...	...	95	...	...
2 children	1,225	...	...	35	...	...
3 or more children	370	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,395	7,720	8,670	725	330	395
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	38,225	...	...	1,810	...	...
One-census-family households	24,990	...	...	1,170	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,135	...	...	660	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,855	...	...	510	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	510	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,720	...	...	620	...	...
One-person households	11,195	...	...	570	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,525	...	...	50	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	87,550	42,680	44,870	3,910	1,940	1,975
English only	62,590	31,405	31,180	3,750	1,870	1,880
French only	510	210	300	0	0	0
English and French	24,325	11,000	13,320	160	70	95
Neither English nor French	125	60	60	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	87,545	42,675	44,865	3,915	1,940	1,975
English	73,535	36,230	37,305	3,870	1,925	1,950
French	13,645	6,295	7,350	35	15	25
English and French	265	110	155	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	105	45	60	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	13,775	6,350	7,425	40	15	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	15.7	14.9	16.5	1.0	0.8	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	87,550	42,680	44,870	3,915	1,935	1,975
Single responses	86,085	42,005	44,080	3,890	1,925	1,965
Official languages	82,945	40,555	42,390	3,790	1,870	1,925
English	69,000	34,100	34,900	3,760	1,855	1,900
French	13,950	6,450	7,495	35	15	25
Non-official languages	3,140	1,450	1,690	100	55	45
Aboriginal languages	270	120	150	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	260	115	145	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	150	65	95	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	10	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	40	20	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	30	60	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	100	50	55	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,875	1,335	1,540	90	55	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	0	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	25	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	5
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	15	60	10	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	15	55	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,190	1,035	1,155	75	40	35
Albanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	405	180	225	10	5	5
Baltic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	395	170	220	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	45	20	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	140	60	80	0	0	0
Russian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	30	45	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	10	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	770	350	420	55	35	20
Afrikaans	10	10	5	5	0	0
Danish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dutch	170	70	95	15	10	5
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	545	250	295	40	25	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	5	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	30	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	250	130	120	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	210	110	100	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hindi	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	55	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	715	350	365	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	480	240	245	0	0	0
Portuguese	80	40	40	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	125	55	70	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	105	115	5	5	0
Chinese languages	220	105	120	0	0	0
Cantonese	95	45	50	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	40	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	5	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	55	80	0	0	0
Estonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	80	30	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	20	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,460	675	785	20	15	10
English and French	1,195	550	645	5	0	5
English and non-official language	225	105	115	15	10	10
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	87,550	42,680	44,865	3,915	1,940	1,975
Single responses	86,180	42,105	44,080	3,890	1,925	1,970
Official languages	85,180	41,625	43,550	3,870	1,915	1,955
English	79,100	38,890	40,205	3,870	1,915	1,955
French	6,080	2,740	3,345	5	0	5
Non-official languages	1,005	475	530	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	90	40	55	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	15	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	915	435	480	15	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	610	290	325	15	10	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	55	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	45	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	180	85	100	15	5	5
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	5	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	150	70	80	15	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	70	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	90	110	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	125	50	75	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	65	60	5	0	0
Chinese languages	130	65	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	30	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,360	580	790	25	15	5
English and French	880	360	520	0	5	0
English and non-official language	455	205	255	20	10	5
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	87,545	42,680	44,865	3,915	1,940	1,975
None	75,950	37,510	38,445	3,810	1,890	1,920
English	3,625	1,640	1,985	15	5	10
French	6,765	2,995	3,765	20	5	10
Non-official language	1,135	505	635	70	35	30
Aboriginal	160	65	95	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	975	440	535	50	25	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	73,565	35,635	37,930	3,400	1,670	1,730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,940	34,420	36,525	3,320	1,635	1,690
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,276	38,712	27,384	32,072	37,888	27,616
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,965	34,420	36,550	3,320	1,635	1,690
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,584	34,847	25,398	28,944	33,079	25,328
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,690	30,365	31,325	2,960	1,495	1,465
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,384	37,676	24,494	26,222	31,680	20,587
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,380	24,270	29,115	2,710	1,275	1,435
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,240	8,388	8,094	10,728	11,712	9,824
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,575	25,445	24,130	2,255	1,170	1,080
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,044	36,630	26,979	24,096	28,672	19,669
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	73,480	35,595	37,880	3,390	1,660	1,730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,740	34,285	36,455	3,300	1,630	1,670
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,455	49,965	35,393	42,021	50,170	34,057
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,775	34,285	36,485	3,305	1,635	1,670
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,937	41,395	30,810	34,974	41,119	28,980
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,530	30,205	31,325	2,950	1,500	1,450
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,917	49,335	32,800	37,413	45,103	29,484
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,545	24,485	29,060	2,725	1,315	1,410
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,072	9,110	9,040	10,443	10,936	9,983
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,550	25,245	24,305	2,250	1,180	1,075
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,110	47,994	33,961	35,201	41,997	27,723
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	73,480	35,600	37,885	3,390	1,655	1,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	22,495	12,075	10,420	715	400	310
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,022	56,576	46,813	48,596	57,428	41,514
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,764	66,532	51,923	58,609	66,301	48,679
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.9	87.1	79.7	79.2	82.3	75.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.2	70.1	63.4	57.7	61.1	53.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.1	12.9	20.3	20.8	17.8	24.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	73,565	35,635	37,930	3,405	1,670	1,735
Without total income	2,625	1,220	1,405	85	40	45
With total income	70,940	34,420	36,525	3,320	1,630	1,690
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.6	96.3	97.5	97.6	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,155	3,840	5,320	390	155	235
$10,000 to $19,999	13,555	5,420	8,135	590	250	345
$20,000 to $29,999	10,685	4,515	6,175	555	210	345
$30,000 to $39,999	8,475	3,915	4,560	480	230	250
$40,000 to $49,999	7,385	3,685	3,700	385	195	190
$50,000 to $59,999	5,785	3,155	2,630	255	155	105
$60,000 to $69,999	4,345	2,585	1,760	170	125	50
$70,000 to $79,999	2,965	1,735	1,230	155	85	70
$80,000 to $89,999	2,230	1,335	900	95	60	35
$90,000 to $99,999	2,015	1,080	930	65	40	20
$100,000 and over	4,335	3,145	1,195	175	130	50
$100,000 to $149,999	3,175	2,235	940	110	75	40
$150,000 and over	1,160	910	250	65	55	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	73,570	35,635	37,930	3,405	1,670	1,735
Without after-tax income	2,600	1,220	1,380	80	40	40
With after-tax income	70,965	34,415	36,550	3,320	1,635	1,695
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.6	96.4	97.5	97.9	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,515	3,905	5,610	415	160	255
$10,000 to $19,999	14,115	5,660	8,455	630	270	365
$20,000 to $29,999	12,335	5,345	6,995	695	285	405
$30,000 to $39,999	9,905	4,740	5,165	565	275	290
$40,000 to $49,999	8,370	4,390	3,975	365	215	155
$50,000 to $59,999	5,730	3,370	2,355	240	160	85
$60,000 to $69,999	3,765	2,265	1,495	175	100	75
$70,000 to $79,999	2,850	1,605	1,240	90	55	30
$80,000 and over	4,390	3,140	1,250	150	115	40
$80,000 to $89,999	1,675	1,060	615	45	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	915	655	260	30	20	10
$100,000 and over	1,800	1,425	375	75	65	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	73,565	35,635	37,930	3,405	1,670	1,735
Without employment income	23,990	10,190	13,800	1,155	500	650
With employment income	49,575	25,445	24,125	2,250	1,170	1,080
Percentage with employment income	67.4	71.4	63.6	66.1	70.1	62.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,115	4,240	3,870	335	160	175
$5,000 to $9,999	4,150	1,810	2,345	260	110	145
$10,000 to $19,999	6,365	2,735	3,635	430	210	220
$20,000 to $29,999	5,565	2,460	3,110	245	110	130
$30,000 to $39,999	5,115	2,220	2,890	250	135	120
$40,000 to $49,999	4,580	2,320	2,255	195	95	95
$50,000 to $59,999	3,915	2,165	1,750	125	70	50
$60,000 to $69,999	2,850	1,740	1,110	105	65	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,165	1,285	880	95	50	45
$80,000 and over	6,760	4,470	2,285	215	155	60
$80,000 to $89,999	1,765	1,060	705	60	40	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,735	925	815	35	25	10
$100,000 and over	3,255	2,490	765	115	95	20
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	38,220	...	...	1,810	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,326	...	...	60,774	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,834	...	...	53,914	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,195	...	...	575	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,663	...	...	30,899	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,447	...	...	27,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	27,030	...	...	1,235	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,738	...	...	79,155	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,418	...	...	68,608	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	38,175	...	...	1,805	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,670	...	...	76,742	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,625	...	...	63,943	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,195	...	...	580	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,250	...	...	38,881	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,771	...	...	33,604	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	26,980	...	...	1,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,028	...	...	94,561	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,259	...	...	78,221	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	38,225	...	...	1,810	...	...
Under $5,000	360	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	520	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,495	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,885	...	...	95	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,060	...	...	95	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,680	...	...	90	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,975	...	...	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,865	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,735	...	...	90	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,650	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,165	...	...	170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,780	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,535	...	...	130	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,325	...	...	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,025	...	...	100	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,160	...	...	450	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,740	...	...	190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,390	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,475	...	...	85	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,550	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	38,225	...	...	1,810	...	...
Under $5,000	385	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	535	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,500	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,930	...	...	95	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,270	...	...	115	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,930	...	...	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,175	...	...	115	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,170	...	...	115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,060	...	...	85	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,905	...	...	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,750	...	...	190	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,190	...	...	155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,875	...	...	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,405	...	...	135	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,920	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,215	...	...	270	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,355	...	...	130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,845	...	...	55	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,015	...	...	80	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,875	...	...	1,210	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,998	...	...	79,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,526	...	...	68,779	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,870	...	...	645	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,885	...	...	74,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,514	...	...	63,445	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,225	...	...	390	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,095	...	...	100,992	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,958	...	...	86,067	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,075	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,243	...	...	47,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,543	...	...	43,648	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	25,865	...	...	1,195	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,357	...	...	96,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,350	...	...	79,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,835	...	...	635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,747	...	...	85,072	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,647	...	...	70,549	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,255	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,443	...	...	124,420	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,161	...	...	101,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,060	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,375	...	...	61,441	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,258	...	...	53,193	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,725	6,975	7,755	645	295	350
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,781	28,550	25,678	30,464	31,040	29,504
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,102	26,312	24,372	27,435	27,776	27,072
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,695	6,840	7,855	655	290	365
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,527	39,228	34,175	36,898	36,210	37,439
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,652	33,379	30,149	31,983	30,993	32,761
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	86,700	42,290	44,410	3,875	1,920	1,955
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,485	22,015	24,465	2,130	1,030	1,100
In the bottom decile	9,315	4,480	4,840	285	140	145
In the second decile	10,190	4,510	5,680	445	200	245
In the third decile	9,225	4,370	4,860	470	220	250
In the fourth decile	8,795	4,225	4,575	495	250	245
In the fifth decile	8,950	4,435	4,520	430	215	215
In the top half of the distribution	40,225	20,275	19,945	1,745	890	855
In the sixth decile	8,650	4,310	4,340	470	240	235
In the seventh decile	8,680	4,335	4,340	365	190	185
In the eighth decile	8,250	4,120	4,130	400	200	195
In the ninth decile	8,355	4,260	4,095	270	140	135
In the top decile	6,290	3,245	3,045	235	125	110
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	84,965	41,405	43,560	3,875	1,920	1,955
0 to 17 years	15,715	7,985	7,730	580	305	270
0 to 5 years	4,895	2,520	2,380	175	85	90
18 to 64 years	52,550	25,710	26,840	2,220	1,090	1,130
65 years and over	16,695	7,715	8,980	1,075	525	550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,495	6,125	7,370	510	235	275
0 to 17 years	2,990	1,525	1,460	85	45	40
0 to 5 years	1,090	540	550	30	15	15
18 to 64 years	8,115	3,745	4,370	275	130	150
65 years and over	2,395	855	1,535	150	65	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.9	14.8	16.9	13.2	12.2	14.1
0 to 17 years (%)	19.0	19.1	18.9	14.7	14.8	14.8
0 to 5 years (%)	22.3	21.4	23.1	17.1	17.6	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	15.4	14.6	16.3	12.4	11.9	13.3
65 years and over (%)	14.3	11.1	17.1	14.0	12.4	15.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,265	3,110	3,155	145	80	65
0 to 17 years	1,190	645	545	35	15	15
0 to 5 years	475	250	225	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	4,820	2,380	2,440	100	50	45
65 years and over	255	90	165	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.5	7.2	3.7	4.2	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	8.1	7.1	6.0	4.9	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	9.7	9.9	9.5	5.7	5.9	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	9.3	9.1	4.5	4.6	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	0.9	1.0	0.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	86,630	42,270	44,360	3,875	1,900	1,975
Official languages	86,465	42,190	44,275	3,875	1,905	1,970
English	85,970	41,985	43,980	3,875	1,900	1,970
French	24,550	10,980	13,565	130	45	80
Non-official languages	4,415	2,085	2,330	205	95	115
Aboriginal languages	495	210	290	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	470	195	275	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	235	85	150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	15	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	95	30	60	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	125	45	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	15	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	245	120	130	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	235	115	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,930	1,885	2,045	190	85	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	70	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	70	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	95	65	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	0	80	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	0	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,090	1,535	1,555	190	85	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	460	225	230	10	0	10
Baltic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	440	205	230	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	30	0	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	155	75	85	0	0	0
Russian	130	65	70	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	40	40	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	30	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	30	15	20
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	925	450	475	125	55	65
Afrikaans	30	20	10	10	10	10
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	195	105	95	35	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	680	325	350	80	50	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	40	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	325	160	160	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	285	135	145	0	0	0
Bengali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hindi	145	60	85	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,375	670	705	35	15	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	740	370	375	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	80	60	10	0	10
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	525	230	295	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	25	45	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	0	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Chinese languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Cantonese	165	85	80	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	45	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	45	75	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	80	25	60	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	86,630	42,270	44,365	3,875	1,900	1,970
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	85,660	41,845	43,820	3,780	1,855	1,920
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,115	8,195	7,920	585	285	300
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	69,545	33,650	35,895	3,190	1,570	1,620
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	970	425	540	100	50	50
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	86,630	42,270	44,365	3,875	1,905	1,970
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	82,580	40,405	42,175	3,625	1,775	1,850
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,945	1,825	2,120	250	130	120
Before 1981	2,285	1,060	1,230	100	55	45
1981 to 1990	375	190	180	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	420	155	265	50	20	30
2001 to 2010	620	305	320	80	40	40
2001 to 2005	240	110	130	60	35	25
2006 to 2010	385	190	190	20	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	245	115	125	0	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	100	40	65	0	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,945	1,825	2,120	245	125	120
Under 5 years	730	370	360	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	860	435	425	50	25	20
15 to 24 years	940	360	580	40	10	30
25 to 44 years	1,305	620	685	70	40	35
45 years and over	115	40	75	60	30	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,950	1,825	2,125	250	130	120
Americas	725	345	380	110	60	45
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	20	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	0	15	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	15	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	520	255	270	110	65	50
Other places of birth in Americas	75	35	35	0	0	0
Europe	2,310	1,060	1,250	105	50	55
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	50	15	30	0	0	0
Germany	365	185	185	25	10	20
Greece	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hungary	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italy	310	160	150	0	0	0
Netherlands	130	70	60	20	0	10
Poland	85	30	50	0	0	0
Portugal	55	30	25	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	15	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	25	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	860	365	495	35	20	15
Other places of birth in Europe	225	80	145	20	10	10
Africa	155	90	60	20	15	10
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	20	20	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	80	55	25	0	0	0
Asia	720	315	405	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	180	75	110	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	180	85	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Philippines	70	0	70	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	35	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	25	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	15	25	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	245	115	125	0	0	10
Americas	20	15	0	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	15	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	180	80	100	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	86,630	42,265	44,360	3,875	1,905	1,975
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,385	2,020	2,365	280	135	145
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	9,145	4,510	4,635	355	165	190
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	73,105	35,740	37,365	3,240	1,605	1,635
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,725	805	915	145	70	75
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	730	360	370	90	40	55
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	320	230	95	45	30	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	410	130	275	45	10	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	800	335	470	40	25	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	185	110	75	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	86,630	42,270	44,360	3,875	1,905	1,970
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10,350	5,075	5,275	75	45	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	9,815	4,790	5,025	80	45	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	5,975	2,850	3,125	60	35	25
Métis	3,795	1,910	1,880	20	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	195	100	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	340	185	155	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	76,285	37,195	39,090	3,800	1,855	1,940
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	86,635	42,265	44,365	3,875	1,900	1,975
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,495	2,100	2,395	35	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	82,140	40,170	41,970	3,840	1,890	1,950
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	86,635	42,270	44,365	3,875	1,905	1,970
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,535	1,200	1,335	25	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,475	1,165	1,315	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,020	940	1,075	20	10	10
Métis single ancestry	450	210	235	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	60	40	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	40	20	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	9,195	4,350	4,850	110	70	40
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	8,890	4,185	4,700	105	70	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,785	2,710	3,075	105	70	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,045	1,460	1,585	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	310	165	150	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	150	130	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	74,895	36,720	38,180	3,745	1,830	1,915
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	86,635	42,265	44,360	3,875	1,905	1,970
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,105	990	1,110	15	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	505	260	245	0	0	0
Chinese	445	205	245	10	0	10
Black	420	230	190	10	0	10
Filipino	100	15	85	0	0	0
Latin American	140	65	75	0	0	0
Arab	60	35	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	110	50	55	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	75	25	50	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	100	45	50	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	110	45	70	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	84,530	41,280	43,250	3,860	1,900	1,965
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	86,630	42,270	44,365	3,875	1,905	1,970
North American Aboriginal origins	11,730	5,550	6,185	130	75	55
First Nations (North American Indian)	8,175	3,850	4,325	130	80	50
Inuit	115	60	55	0	0	0
Métis	3,820	1,845	1,975	0	0	0
Other North American origins	39,155	18,980	20,175	1,405	675	730
Acadian	110	60	50	70	40	25
American	745	370	375	45	25	20
Canadian	38,495	18,635	19,865	1,310	620	690
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	115	65	55	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	105	65	40	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	64,365	31,275	33,090	3,370	1,680	1,690
British Isles origins	44,290	21,565	22,725	3,010	1,545	1,460
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	25,040	12,155	12,885	1,075	490	585
Irish	19,445	9,230	10,210	770	365	400
Manx	20	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish	17,955	8,755	9,205	2,265	1,200	1,065
Welsh	1,465	710	750	70	30	45
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,240	1,060	1,175	40	25	15
French origins	26,530	12,540	13,990	640	335	305
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	26,530	12,535	13,985	640	330	310
Western European origins (except French origins)	13,165	6,255	6,910	520	240	280
Austrian	395	175	225	10	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	240	100	135	10	10	0
Dutch	2,800	1,430	1,370	225	95	125
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10,280	4,780	5,500	295	130	160
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	450	195	255	25	10	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,685	1,330	1,355	70	20	50
Danish	480	220	255	20	0	20
Finnish	815	405	410	10	10	0
Icelandic	125	35	85	0	0	0
Norwegian	605	340	270	15	0	15
Swedish	725	365	360	25	0	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	125	60	70	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,180	2,600	2,580	170	85	80
Bulgarian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	135	60	75	10	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Estonian	105	60	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	415	220	195	10	10	0
Latvian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	135	70	65	20	10	10
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,215	1,150	1,065	75	40	35
Romanian	215	130	85	10	0	0
Russian	530	235	300	15	0	10
Slovak	85	60	25	0	0	10
Ukrainian	1,705	800	900	70	35	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,800	2,810	2,990	95	50	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	125	55	70	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	320	155	160	0	0	0
Italian	4,545	2,215	2,325	55	40	20
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Maltese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	390	215	175	10	10	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Spanish	315	135	185	30	10	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	80	30	55	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	295	175	120	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	100	55	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	170	110	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	360	190	175	10	0	10
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	195	100	90	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	40	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	355	145	215	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	60	15	45	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	135	40	90	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	20	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	375	200	175	15	10	10
Central and West African origins	75	55	20	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	70	35	35	0	0	0
Algerian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	30	40	10	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	50	20	30	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	155	80	80	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	125	70	65	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,800	800	1,000	45	30	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	300	150	145	25	15	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Armenian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	25	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	130	60	80	15	15	0
Palestinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	595	280	310	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	470	225	245	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	75	40	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	10	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	920	365	555	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	570	255	315	20	15	10
Filipino	145	20	120	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	30	55	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	55	55	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	110	45	65	0	0	0
Australian	80	35	40	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	38,175	...	...	1,805	...	...
Owner	26,325	...	...	1,575	...	...
Renter	11,790	...	...	235	...	...
Band housing	60	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	38,180	...	...	1,805	...	...
Condominium	1,410	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	36,765	...	...	1,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	38,180	...	...	1,805	...	...
No bedrooms	140	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,405	...	...	180	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,925	...	...	430	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,180	...	...	755	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,530	...	...	440	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	38,175	...	...	1,810	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,145	...	...	295	...	...
5 rooms	5,335	...	...	225	...	...
6 rooms	5,985	...	...	380	...	...
7 rooms	5,280	...	...	290	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,425	...	...	615	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	38,175	...	...	1,810	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,985	...	...	1,805	...	...
More than 1 person per room	190	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	38,175	...	...	1,810	...	...
Suitable	37,310	...	...	1,775	...	...
Not suitable	860	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	38,175	...	...	1,805	...	...
1960 or before	11,705	...	...	555	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,845	...	...	455	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,395	...	...	285	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,560	...	...	210	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,170	...	...	95	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,445	...	...	110	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,060	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	38,180	...	...	1,810	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	35,005	...	...	1,610	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,170	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	38,180	...	...	1,810	...	...
1 household maintainer	23,010	...	...	1,130	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,525	...	...	670	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	38,175	...	...	1,805	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,240	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,900	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,210	...	...	205	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,455	...	...	320	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,060	...	...	505	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,195	...	...	400	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,800	...	...	185	...	...
85 years and over	1,320	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,290	...	...	1,785	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	27,675	...	...	1,565	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,615	...	...	220	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,755	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,650	...	...	1,555	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.5	...	...	41.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.8	...	...	11.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,089	...	...	575	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,186	...	...	749	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	234,897	...	...	179,470	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	267,106	...	...	232,853	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,670	...	...	240	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.2	...	...	14.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.8	...	...	19.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	851	...	...	599	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	884	...	...	624	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	73,480	35,600	37,885	3,390	1,660	1,730
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,835	7,520	7,310	595	310	285
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,220	9,465	9,755	815	375	435
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,425	18,610	20,820	1,980	970	1,010
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,355	4,690	1,665	440	330	110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,200	2,105	1,095	245	160	85
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,150	2,585	565	195	170	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,700	8,765	11,935	750	295	455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,100	455	645	150	85	65
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,275	4,700	6,575	645	260	380
Bachelor's degree	8,265	3,230	5,030	415	165	250
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	765	310	450	60	25	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	335	250	90	40	20	25
Master's degree	1,640	740	900	110	45	65
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	270	170	100	20	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	46,465	22,645	23,820	2,025	985	1,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,460	3,110	2,350	255	155	100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,810	6,200	5,605	455	190	265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,200	13,335	15,865	1,320	640	680
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,005	2,965	1,045	310	220	90
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,030	1,360	670	165	100	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,980	1,605	375	145	115	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,955	6,685	9,275	510	220	295
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	670	295	375	80	45	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,560	3,395	5,165	415	155	260
Bachelor's degree	6,260	2,365	3,895	270	100	170
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	625	245	380	25	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	230	165	65	35	20	15
Master's degree	1,225	495	735	80	25	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	220	130	95	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	73,480	35,595	37,885	3,390	1,655	1,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,050	16,990	17,065	1,410	685	720
Education	3,020	775	2,245	210	50	155
13. Education	3,020	780	2,245	205	55	155
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,045	530	510	40	20	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	185	65	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	800	355	450	25	15	15
Humanities	1,455	600	860	45	20	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	20	40	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	410	115	290	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	335	135	200	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	155	100	55	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	80	70	0	10	0
54. History	265	130	140	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,955	1,185	2,770	150	40	105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	15	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	335	120	215	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	995	105	885	45	10	35
22. Legal professions and studies	555	175	375	25	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	95	15	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	765	200	565	25	10	25
45. Social sciences	1,165	555	605	45	20	25
Business, management and public administration	7,400	2,525	4,875	305	80	230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,205	255	950	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,185	2,270	3,915	295	75	225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	810	405	400	60	40	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	435	190	245	35	20	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	75	65	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	150	105	45	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	35	40	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	975	650	325	50	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	785	565	225	40	20	15
25. Library science	45	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	145	80	65	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,660	8,065	590	480	465	15
04. Architecture and related services	140	105	35	15	10	10
14. Engineering	740	605	130	55	55	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,130	1,945	185	90	85	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,770	1,690	85	135	135	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,530	2,450	80	130	125	0
48. Precision production	1,350	1,265	80	65	55	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	950	680	265	50	35	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	285	205	85	35	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	660	475	185	20	15	0
Health and related fields	7,630	1,270	6,360	395	50	340
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	520	265	260	0	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,020	935	6,080	370	40	330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	75	20	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,530	1,920	1,610	205	135	65
12. Personal and culinary services	1,570	355	1,215	80	25	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	70	70	10	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	1,065	745	320	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	805	735	70	105	95	10
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	46,470	22,650	23,825	2,030	985	1,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,270	9,310	7,960	705	345	360
Education	1,945	490	1,450	90	10	80
13. Education	1,945	495	1,455	95	10	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	805	405	400	30	20	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	135	50	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	625	270	350	20	15	10
Humanities	915	365	550	35	15	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	20	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	265	75	195	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	85	120	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	40	30	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	50	50	0	0	0
54. History	180	105	80	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,190	865	2,325	125	30	95
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	15	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	265	95	170	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	825	85	740	35	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	465	120	345	25	10	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	10	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	615	150	460	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	895	395	500	40	15	20
Business, management and public administration	5,820	1,920	3,900	200	40	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,020	205	815	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,785	1,710	3,075	190	35	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	575	280	295	30	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	300	130	170	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	60	50	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	105	65	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	25	25	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	800	525	280	45	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	660	475	185	40	20	15
25. Library science	35	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	45	60	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,060	5,610	450	320	310	15
04. Architecture and related services	95	65	25	15	10	10
14. Engineering	525	425	95	40	35	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,560	1,415	140	70	65	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,170	1,095	70	80	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,715	1,670	50	70	75	0
48. Precision production	995	940	55	40	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	695	475	220	25	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	180	120	55	25	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	520	360	160	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,710	945	4,765	250	40	210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	425	190	230	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,215	695	4,520	245	35	205
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	55	15	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,685	1,455	1,230	160	110	50
12. Personal and culinary services	1,150	270	880	70	20	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	860	580	280	0	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	630	560	70	75	75	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	73,480	35,600	37,880	3,390	1,660	1,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,055	16,990	17,065	1,410	690	720
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	39,430	18,610	20,820	1,980	970	1,010
Location of study inside Canada	37,960	17,835	20,125	1,870	910	960
Same as province or territory of residence	36,115	16,935	19,185	1,500	715	785
Different than province or territory of residence	1,850	905	945	370	195	175
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,470	770	690	105	55	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	500	320	180	75	30	40
Philippines	45	0	45	0	0	0
India	110	45	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	275	155	115	25	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	505	245	265	15	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	46,470	22,645	23,825	2,030	985	1,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,265	9,310	7,960	705	345	360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	29,200	13,335	15,865	1,320	640	680
Location of study inside Canada	28,250	12,860	15,390	1,255	610	640
Same as province or territory of residence	26,980	12,235	14,745	1,005	480	530
Different than province or territory of residence	1,270	620	650	250	135	115
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	945	475	470	70	30	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	300	175	120	45	20	30
Philippines	35	0	40	0	0	0
India	85	35	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	135	75	60	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other	365	180	185	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	73,480	35,600	37,885	3,390	1,655	1,730
In the labour force	43,410	21,935	21,475	1,950	1,070	880
Employed	39,370	19,505	19,870	1,500	815	690
Unemployed	4,035	2,430	1,610	450	255	195
Not in the labour force	30,070	13,665	16,410	1,435	590	850
Participation rate	59.1	61.6	56.7	57.5	64.7	50.9
Employment rate	53.6	54.8	52.4	44.2	49.2	39.9
Unemployment rate	9.3	11.1	7.5	23.1	23.8	22.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	73,480	35,595	37,885	3,390	1,660	1,730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,675	12,365	15,310	1,230	525	700
Worked	45,805	23,235	22,570	2,160	1,130	1,030
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	22,890	12,305	10,585	730	405	320
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	22,920	10,930	11,985	1,430	720	710
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.1	42.2	35.5	35.1	36.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	43,405	21,935	21,475	1,950	1,070	880
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	435	430	30	15	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	42,540	21,500	21,040	1,925	1,050	870
Employee	38,400	18,970	19,425	1,720	910	810
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,145	2,525	1,620	205	145	55
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	43,410	21,935	21,475	1,950	1,070	885
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	430	430	30	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	42,545	21,500	21,040	1,925	1,050	875
0 Management occupations	4,195	2,545	1,655	200	115	85
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,950	1,560	4,390	195	35	155
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,240	1,810	425	135	125	10
3 Health occupations	3,645	640	3,010	185	40	145
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,795	1,960	3,835	170	55	115
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	875	340	540	55	25	30
6 Sales and service occupations	10,685	4,260	6,420	460	160	300
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,010	6,525	480	370	355	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,060	945	120	130	110	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,080	920	160	30	25	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	43,410	21,935	21,475	1,955	1,070	885
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	865	435	430	25	15	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	42,540	21,500	21,045	1,920	1,055	870
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	500	340	160	125	95	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,250	1,065	190	65	50	15
22 Utilities	490	385	100	10	10	0
23 Construction	3,195	2,830	365	180	170	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,215	1,810	400	115	85	30
41 Wholesale trade	925	690	225	20	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	5,890	2,650	3,240	155	65	85
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,230	1,700	535	115	95	20
51 Information and cultural industries	565	300	265	35	25	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,030	385	645	35	10	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	660	435	230	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,935	1,015	925	100	60	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,865	1,050	810	55	40	20
61 Educational services	3,750	1,140	2,610	120	35	85
62 Health care and social assistance	6,695	1,180	5,510	265	40	225
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	790	400	395	45	10	35
72 Accommodation and food services	3,120	1,120	2,005	240	110	135
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,990	930	1,060	95	40	50
91 Public administration	3,430	2,080	1,350	150	105	40
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	39,370	19,500	19,870	1,500	815	690
Worked at home	2,140	1,040	1,100	150	85	60
Worked outside Canada	95	80	15	20	20	0
No fixed workplace address	4,460	3,255	1,200	225	160	55
Worked at usual place	32,675	15,120	17,550	1,115	545	570
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	32,675	15,120	17,555	1,110	540	570
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	22,425	9,870	12,550	645	275	365
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,755	2,725	3,030	60	25	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,965	2,105	1,860	360	195	170
Commute to a different province or territory	535	420	110	45	45	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	37,130	18,380	18,755	1,335	710	625
Car, truck, van - as a driver	29,665	14,940	14,725	1,180	630	550
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,740	1,125	1,610	60	20	35
Public transit	1,195	440	755	10	10	0
Walked	2,565	1,180	1,385	65	35	35
Bicycle	375	290	85	10	0	0
Other method	595	400	195	20	15	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	37,130	18,375	18,755	1,335	710	625
Less than 15 minutes	17,295	8,140	9,160	555	260	290
15 to 29 minutes	12,930	6,215	6,720	360	195	165
30 to 44 minutes	4,060	2,115	1,945	160	75	85
45 to 59 minutes	1,270	710	565	95	55	40
60 minutes and over	1,570	1,200	370	165	120	45
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	37,130	18,380	18,755	1,335	710	625
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,740	1,235	505	105	85	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,565	3,410	2,160	215	150	65
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,045	6,290	5,755	370	205	160
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,915	3,330	5,580	370	135	235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,275	1,200	2,080	115	40	75
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,580	2,910	2,670	155	90	65
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	47,150	23,850	23,295	2,215	1,160	1,050
Single responses	46,000	23,390	22,610	2,200	1,160	1,050
Official languages	45,905	23,340	22,570	2,205	1,160	1,050
English	44,195	22,780	21,415	2,205	1,160	1,045
French	1,715	560	1,155	0	0	0
Non-official languages	90	55	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80	50	35	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	25	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,145	460	690	10	10	10
English and French	1,105	435	670	10	0	0
English and non-official language	25	20	10	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	47,145	23,850	23,295	2,210	1,165	1,050
None	40,455	20,915	19,540	2,165	1,150	1,020
English	1,005	345	660	0	0	0
French	5,470	2,465	3,005	30	10	20
Non-official language	180	105	75	10	0	10
Aboriginal	45	30	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	135	85	55	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	20	15	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	85,845	41,860	43,985	3,855	1,890	1,965
Non-movers	74,455	36,360	38,095	3,630	1,755	1,875
Movers	11,395	5,495	5,895	225	135	85
Non-migrants	6,630	3,190	3,445	95	50	50
Migrants	4,760	2,310	2,450	125	90	40
Internal migrants	4,600	2,235	2,365	120	85	40
Intraprovincial migrants	4,085	1,950	2,135	55	35	20
Interprovincial migrants	515	280	235	65	40	20
External migrants	160	75	85	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	82,540	40,050	42,495	3,745	1,860	1,885
Non-movers	53,075	26,035	27,040	3,075	1,515	1,555
Movers	29,470	14,015	15,455	675	345	330
Non-migrants	16,085	7,725	8,360	320	170	150
Migrants	13,385	6,290	7,095	350	175	175
Internal migrants	12,865	6,040	6,825	335	170	165
Intraprovincial migrants	11,580	5,400	6,175	200	105	95
Interprovincial migrants	1,285	640	645	135	65	70
External migrants	520	250	270	15	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Nipissing--Timiskaming [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Victoria, Subd. B, SC [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nipissing--Timiskaming [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Victoria, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Nipissing--Timiskaming [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Victoria, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nipissing--Timiskaming [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Victoria, Subd. B, Subdivision of county municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia