Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edwardsburgh/Cardinal, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Edwardsburgh/Cardinal, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]			Provencher Manitoba [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Edwardsburgh/Cardinal, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Edwardsburgh/Cardinal, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	7,093	...	...	99,946	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	6,959	...	...	88,640	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.9	...	...	12.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,110	...	...	39,808	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,918	...	...	34,632	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	22.8	...	...	5.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	311.25	...	...	18,100.37	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	7,095	3,565	3,530	99,945	50,435	49,515
0 to 14 years	1,045	530	515	23,190	11,830	11,360
0 to 4 years	360	190	170	7,775	3,920	3,855
5 to 9 years	365	195	170	8,000	4,135	3,870
10 to 14 years	320	145	170	7,420	3,780	3,635
15 to 64 years	4,625	2,335	2,290	64,170	32,375	31,790
15 to 19 years	460	255	205	7,190	3,675	3,520
20 to 24 years	380	215	160	6,425	3,280	3,140
25 to 29 years	365	175	185	6,025	3,040	2,985
30 to 34 years	330	160	170	6,425	3,150	3,270
35 to 39 years	355	175	180	6,470	3,205	3,260
40 to 44 years	450	205	245	6,335	3,240	3,100
45 to 49 years	535	285	255	6,165	3,090	3,075
50 to 54 years	615	305	310	7,045	3,585	3,465
55 to 59 years	595	290	305	6,520	3,285	3,240
60 to 64 years	555	275	280	5,570	2,830	2,745
65 years and over	1,420	700	725	12,580	6,225	6,355
65 to 69 years	555	260	300	4,465	2,280	2,185
70 to 74 years	400	205	195	3,220	1,675	1,545
75 to 79 years	245	130	115	2,100	1,085	1,010
80 to 84 years	140	80	65	1,410	640	770
85 years and over	80	30	55	1,390	545	840
85 to 89 years	55	20	35	845	360	485
90 to 94 years	20	10	10	400	145	255
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	130	40	85
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	14.9	14.6	23.2	23.5	22.9
15 to 64 years	65.2	65.5	64.9	64.2	64.2	64.2
65 years and over	20.0	19.6	20.5	12.6	12.3	12.8
85 years and over	1.1	0.8	1.6	1.4	1.1	1.7
Average age of the population	43.4	42.8	43.9	36.5	36.3	36.8
Median age of the population	46.7	46.3	47.1	35.5	35.3	35.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,915	...	...	34,630	...	...
Single-detached house	2,555	...	...	28,130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	15	...	...	260	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	340	...	...	5,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	105	...	...	1,260	...	...
Row house	40	...	...	870	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	435	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	155	...	...	2,545	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	1,090	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,920	...	...	34,635	...	...
1 person	655	...	...	6,480	...	...
2 persons	1,240	...	...	12,435	...	...
3 persons	435	...	...	5,195	...	...
4 persons	400	...	...	5,695	...	...
5 or more persons	195	...	...	4,825	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,090	...	...	97,880	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	6,050	3,035	3,015	76,755	38,600	38,155
Married or living common law	3,970	1,980	1,985	51,570	25,815	25,755
Married	3,165	1,585	1,585	45,830	22,950	22,880
Living common law	805	400	405	5,735	2,860	2,870
Not married and not living common law	2,080	1,050	1,030	25,190	12,790	12,395
Never married	1,240	725	515	17,980	10,055	7,925
Separated	175	85	95	1,495	715	780
Divorced	335	160	175	2,655	1,310	1,345
Widowed	320	80	240	3,055	710	2,345
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,245	...	...	27,880	...	...
2 persons	1,290	...	...	12,995	...	...
3 persons	435	...	...	5,170	...	...
4 persons	375	...	...	5,540	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	4,180	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,245	...	...	27,875	...	...
Total couple families	1,980	...	...	25,280	...	...
Married couples	1,575	...	...	22,410	...	...
Common-law couples	400	...	...	2,870	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	270	...	...	2,600	...	...
Female parent	195	...	...	1,890	...	...
Male parent	75	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,980	...	...	25,280	...	...
Couples without children	1,120	...	...	11,555	...	...
Couples with children	855	...	...	13,725	...	...
1 child	355	...	...	4,395	...	...
2 children	355	...	...	5,255	...	...
3 or more children	140	...	...	4,080	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	270	...	...	2,600	...	...
1 child	170	...	...	1,435	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	780	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	915	435	475	10,285	5,450	4,835
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,915	...	...	34,635	...	...
One-census-family households	2,145	...	...	26,935	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,075	...	...	11,165	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,070	...	...	15,770	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	50	...	...	465	...	...
Non-census-family households	720	...	...	7,230	...	...
One-person households	655	...	...	6,485	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	70	...	...	755	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	7,090	3,570	3,525	99,280	50,180	49,095
English only	6,240	3,160	3,080	82,585	42,175	40,410
French only	10	5	5	290	140	150
English and French	845	405	445	15,245	7,350	7,895
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,160	515	640
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	7,090	3,565	3,525	99,280	50,180	49,100
English	6,805	3,415	3,390	89,225	45,135	44,090
French	275	150	125	8,730	4,440	4,285
English and French	10	5	5	190	95	90
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	1,140	505	630
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	280	155	125	8,825	4,490	4,335
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.9	4.3	3.5	8.9	8.9	8.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	7,095	3,570	3,530	99,280	50,180	49,100
Single responses	7,035	3,540	3,490	97,450	49,285	48,170
Official languages	6,855	3,450	3,410	76,275	38,675	37,600
English	6,575	3,295	3,275	67,300	34,100	33,200
French	290	160	130	8,975	4,575	4,400
Non-official languages	175	90	85	21,180	10,610	10,575
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	120	45	75
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	110	40	70
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	80	30	50
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	75	30	45
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	180	95	85	21,065	10,565	10,500
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	85	55	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	70	50	25
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	0	5	0	50	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,020	495	525
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	20	35
Fijian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	915	450	465
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	85	80	19,465	9,775	9,690
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	15	2,580	1,310	1,270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	15	2,575	1,310	1,265
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	25	15	10
Czech	5	0	0	40	25	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	20	10	10	235	115	115
Russian	5	5	0	1,350	695	655
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ukrainian	10	0	5	855	420	435
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	85	50	40	16,150	8,085	8,065
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	5
Dutch	50	20	25	415	230	185
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	35	20	10	15,625	7,790	7,835
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	5	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	5	0	5	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	190	115	75
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	170	105	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	20	15
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	90	55	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	15	5
Kurdish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	510	245	265
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	70	45	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	75	65
Romanian	5	5	0	15	10	5
Spanish	10	5	5	280	115	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	30	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	100	40	55
Chinese languages	5	0	0	95	45	55
Cantonese	5	5	5	25	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5	40	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	30	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	95	45	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	5	5	0	80	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	60	25	35	1,825	895	930
English and French	45	20	30	645	315	330
English and non-official language	15	5	10	1,140	560	580
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	20	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	7,095	3,565	3,530	99,280	50,180	49,100
Single responses	7,045	3,540	3,500	95,685	48,430	47,255
Official languages	7,015	3,525	3,495	87,035	44,055	42,980
English	6,950	3,490	3,455	82,280	41,795	40,490
French	70	35	30	4,755	2,265	2,485
Non-official languages	30	15	15	8,650	4,375	4,275
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	10	8,645	4,370	4,270
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	30	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	30	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	545	275	265
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	510	260	250
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	10	7,835	3,955	3,885
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	760	385	375
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	760	385	375
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	5	10	0	45	20	25
Russian	0	0	0	580	300	280
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	120	60	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	6,785	3,410	3,375
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	80	40	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	5	5	0	6,650	3,340	3,310
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	105	65	45
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	100	55	45
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	55	35	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	5	175	90	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	5	0	0	140	65	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	45	20	20
Chinese languages	5	5	0	45	20	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	20	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	3,595	1,750	1,845
English and French	25	10	15	480	230	255
English and non-official language	25	15	10	3,090	1,510	1,575
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	7,095	3,565	3,530	99,280	50,180	49,100
None	6,775	3,415	3,360	82,565	41,945	40,625
English	60	40	25	6,490	3,200	3,290
French	180	85	100	3,950	1,920	2,025
Non-official language	65	30	40	6,065	3,015	3,050
Aboriginal	0	0	0	55	25	30
Non-Aboriginal	65	30	40	6,005	2,985	3,020
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	145	70	75
French and non-official language	5	0	0	55	30	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,040	3,035	3,010	75,075	37,865	37,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,775	2,900	2,875	71,490	36,175	35,310
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,707	40,683	27,059	35,336	44,379	27,204
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,775	2,900	2,880	71,505	36,185	35,325
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,648	36,384	25,186	31,260	38,380	24,755
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,100	2,620	2,480	66,540	34,730	31,810
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,216	38,379	24,789	33,064	41,984	24,284
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,210	1,965	2,240	49,470	21,910	27,565
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,192	8,293	8,037	4,583	2,572	5,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,180	2,210	1,970	57,250	30,780	26,470
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,514	37,936	26,202	34,169	42,701	25,999
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	6,040	3,035	3,010	75,065	37,775	37,290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,735	2,865	2,870	71,470	36,020	35,450
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,877	47,015	34,759	43,423	52,673	34,024
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,740	2,860	2,875	71,495	36,030	35,470
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,012	39,850	30,190	35,933	42,736	29,024
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,055	2,550	2,505	66,465	34,645	31,820
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,838	45,806	31,748	41,399	50,532	31,456
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,125	1,910	2,215	49,485	21,685	27,800
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,241	9,329	9,165	7,110	6,763	7,380
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,105	2,115	1,990	57,225	30,695	26,530
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,820	44,883	32,383	41,619	49,566	32,425
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	6,040	3,030	3,010	75,065	37,775	37,290
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,110	1,240	875	29,020	18,140	10,880
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,057	57,960	43,527	50,537	55,374	43,557
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,769	60,261	49,424	58,129	63,524	49,137
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.3	87.5	79.8	88.8	92.4	83.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.3	70.9	64.5	76.4	79.9	70.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.6	12.4	20.3	11.2	7.6	16.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	6,045	3,030	3,010	75,075	37,860	37,215
Without total income	265	130	135	3,585	1,685	1,905
With total income	5,775	2,895	2,875	71,490	36,175	35,310
Percentage with total income	95.5	95.5	95.5	95.2	95.5	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	765	310	455	9,280	3,440	5,840
$10,000 to $19,999	1,030	425	600	11,440	4,030	7,410
$20,000 to $29,999	845	360	490	10,090	4,105	5,985
$30,000 to $39,999	690	325	365	9,265	4,400	4,860
$40,000 to $49,999	650	340	310	8,375	4,660	3,715
$50,000 to $59,999	510	285	230	6,255	3,915	2,340
$60,000 to $69,999	360	230	130	4,750	3,185	1,565
$70,000 to $79,999	255	160	95	3,480	2,350	1,130
$80,000 to $89,999	185	125	60	2,805	1,810	995
$90,000 to $99,999	175	120	55	1,690	1,160	535
$100,000 and over	315	235	80	4,050	3,120	925
$100,000 to $149,999	245	175	70	3,015	2,305	710
$150,000 and over	70	55	15	1,035	820	220
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,040	3,030	3,010	75,075	37,860	37,210
Without after-tax income	260	130	130	3,570	1,680	1,890
With after-tax income	5,780	2,895	2,880	71,510	36,180	35,325
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.5	95.7	95.3	95.6	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	790	315	470	9,605	3,510	6,090
$10,000 to $19,999	1,070	450	625	12,405	4,430	7,980
$20,000 to $29,999	985	420	565	12,245	5,160	7,085
$30,000 to $39,999	865	425	445	11,550	5,995	5,555
$40,000 to $49,999	715	385	325	8,955	5,525	3,430
$50,000 to $59,999	490	320	170	6,315	4,210	2,110
$60,000 to $69,999	315	195	115	4,420	2,915	1,505
$70,000 to $79,999	230	155	80	2,520	1,760	760
$80,000 and over	320	235	80	3,495	2,685	810
$80,000 to $89,999	135	95	40	1,380	1,025	360
$90,000 to $99,999	70	50	20	695	545	150
$100,000 and over	110	90	25	1,420	1,115	305
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	6,045	3,035	3,010	75,075	37,865	37,215
Without employment income	1,860	825	1,040	17,825	7,085	10,740
With employment income	4,180	2,205	1,970	57,245	30,780	26,470
Percentage with employment income	69.1	72.7	65.4	76.3	81.3	71.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	660	340	320	7,075	3,170	3,900
$5,000 to $9,999	345	155	190	4,180	1,685	2,490
$10,000 to $19,999	560	245	315	7,400	3,040	4,360
$20,000 to $29,999	455	210	245	7,095	3,035	4,065
$30,000 to $39,999	470	205	265	7,010	3,475	3,540
$40,000 to $49,999	390	200	190	6,065	3,530	2,535
$50,000 to $59,999	325	185	145	4,810	3,110	1,705
$60,000 to $69,999	255	170	85	3,770	2,615	1,155
$70,000 to $79,999	175	125	50	2,840	1,970	865
$80,000 and over	535	380	160	7,005	5,145	1,865
$80,000 to $89,999	160	105	55	2,375	1,555	820
$90,000 to $99,999	160	105	55	1,370	975	395
$100,000 and over	220	170	50	3,265	2,610	650
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,920	...	...	34,630	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,940	...	...	76,217	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,405	...	...	65,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	655	...	...	6,480	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,664	...	...	35,098	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,400	...	...	31,057	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,265	...	...	28,150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,440	...	...	86,841	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,290	...	...	74,282	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,915	...	...	34,630	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,362	...	...	89,612	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,832	...	...	74,181	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	685	...	...	6,470	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,103	...	...	43,194	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,150	...	...	36,097	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,230	...	...	28,165	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,343	...	...	100,271	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,793	...	...	82,926	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,915	...	...	34,630	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	375	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	80	...	...	550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	935	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	1,195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	95	...	...	1,040	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	1,380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	145	...	...	1,295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...	1,410	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	1,385	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	235	...	...	2,865	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	255	...	...	2,840	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	245	...	...	2,800	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	190	...	...	2,530	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	2,280	...	...
$100,000 and over	865	...	...	11,475	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	315	...	...	4,305	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	260	...	...	2,835	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200	...	...	2,805	...	...
$200,000 and over	95	...	...	1,530	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,920	...	...	34,630	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	405	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	290	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	585	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	980	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	1,320	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	115	...	...	1,250	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	1,630	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	1,665	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	135	...	...	1,750	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	155	...	...	1,715	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	305	...	...	3,630	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...	3,555	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	250	...	...	3,225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	195	...	...	2,760	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	170	...	...	2,205	...	...
$100,000 and over	620	...	...	7,675	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	335	...	...	3,865	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	1,980	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...	1,830	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,210	...	...	27,715	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,152	...	...	86,413	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,956	...	...	73,941	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,060	...	...	10,915	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,581	...	...	76,015	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,048	...	...	65,333	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	855	...	...	13,765	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,667	...	...	102,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,989	...	...	86,828	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	250	...	...	2,400	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,200	...	...	51,891	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,384	...	...	47,386	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,195	...	...	27,720	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,762	...	...	99,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,233	...	...	82,482	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,045	...	...	10,990	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,070	...	...	87,039	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,425	...	...	72,082	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	870	...	...	13,730	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,118	...	...	117,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,109	...	...	96,573	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	245	...	...	2,400	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,770	...	...	59,876	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,144	...	...	52,328	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	820	395	425	8,080	4,345	3,740
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,000	35,104	29,728	33,733	39,440	28,102
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,030	31,392	27,808	30,053	33,892	25,964
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	820	400	415	8,100	4,205	3,890
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,442	39,910	35,068	41,578	46,600	36,150
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,662	34,375	31,015	34,869	38,092	31,386
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	7,085	3,560	3,525	97,880	49,495	48,380
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,595	1,770	1,825	54,380	26,970	27,410
In the bottom decile	550	285	265	7,550	3,760	3,790
In the second decile	645	280	360	11,060	5,180	5,885
In the third decile	850	405	440	12,385	6,150	6,240
In the fourth decile	755	380	380	11,825	5,995	5,825
In the fifth decile	805	425	385	11,560	5,885	5,670
In the top half of the distribution	3,485	1,790	1,695	43,500	22,530	20,970
In the sixth decile	760	380	380	10,640	5,480	5,160
In the seventh decile	900	455	445	10,025	5,180	4,845
In the eighth decile	705	365	340	9,535	4,960	4,570
In the ninth decile	720	385	340	8,075	4,210	3,865
In the top decile	405	210	195	5,220	2,695	2,525
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	7,085	3,565	3,525	96,725	48,895	47,835
0 to 17 years	1,335	700	635	26,690	13,615	13,080
0 to 5 years	435	230	205	9,075	4,630	4,440
18 to 64 years	4,330	2,165	2,160	58,365	29,415	28,950
65 years and over	1,420	695	720	11,670	5,860	5,810
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	870	420	455	12,455	5,955	6,495
0 to 17 years	205	100	100	4,685	2,385	2,295
0 to 5 years	85	45	40	1,850	925	925
18 to 64 years	525	245	275	5,995	2,860	3,140
65 years and over	140	70	70	1,775	715	1,060
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.3	11.8	12.9	12.9	12.2	13.6
0 to 17 years (%)	15.4	14.3	15.7	17.6	17.5	17.5
0 to 5 years (%)	19.5	19.6	19.5	20.4	20.0	20.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.1	11.3	12.7	10.3	9.7	10.8
65 years and over (%)	9.9	10.1	9.7	15.2	12.2	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	315	165	145	3,710	1,865	1,845
0 to 17 years	65	30	35	1,200	615	580
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	405	205	200
18 to 64 years	235	130	110	2,325	1,160	1,170
65 years and over	10	10	5	180	85	95
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.6	4.1	3.8	3.8	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	4.3	5.5	4.5	4.5	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	8.7	7.3	4.5	4.4	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	6.0	5.1	4.0	3.9	4.0
65 years and over (%)	0.7	1.4	0.7	1.5	1.5	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	7,085	3,540	3,540	97,880	49,485	48,395
Official languages	7,075	3,540	3,540	96,780	49,015	47,765
English	7,070	3,535	3,540	96,530	48,885	47,645
French	855	420	430	15,450	7,445	8,005
Non-official languages	225	120	105	23,085	11,515	11,570
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	215	85	130
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	55	20	40
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	15	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	135	60	75
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	130	60	70
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	15	10	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	120	100	22,870	11,430	11,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	140	70	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	105	60	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	80	40	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	65	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	70	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	1,305	635	675
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	25	10
Fijian	0	0	0	35	30	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,235	585	650
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	90	70	20,730	10,430	10,305
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	15	3,340	1,730	1,615
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	3,340	1,730	1,615
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Czech	10	10	0	30	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	215	105	105
Russian	0	0	0	2,145	1,120	1,025
Serbian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	55	20	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	995	515	480
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	25	15	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	55	40	17,540	8,870	8,670
Afrikaans	0	0	10	50	35	20
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dutch	40	30	10	535	285	250
Frisian	0	0	10	45	35	15
German	50	25	25	16,845	8,490	8,350
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	15	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	310	175	140
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	255	155	105
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	200	120	85
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	35	15
Hindi	0	0	0	85	50	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	55	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	25	15	1,805	935	865
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	85	50	30
Portuguese	10	0	0	160	75	85
Romanian	0	10	0	20	10	10
Spanish	25	15	10	1,565	810	755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	35	20	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	25	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	95	55	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	65	40	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	15	160	45	105
American Sign Language	20	10	15	105	30	75
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	50	20	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	120	55	65
Chinese languages	15	0	10	120	55	60
Cantonese	10	0	10	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	10	65	35	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Lao	0	0	0	45	25	20
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	65	20	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	0	10	0	55	20	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	7,090	3,540	3,545	97,880	49,480	48,395
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	7,020	3,515	3,510	91,070	45,935	45,130
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,345	710	635	25,535	13,020	12,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,680	2,800	2,880	65,530	32,915	32,620
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	65	30	35	6,810	3,545	3,265
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	7,090	3,545	3,545	97,880	49,480	48,395
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	6,705	3,310	3,395	84,070	42,455	41,620
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	375	225	150	13,155	6,660	6,495
Before 1981	300	195	105	2,975	1,450	1,530
1981 to 1990	30	15	10	1,080	565	515
1991 to 2000	25	0	20	1,380	715	665
2001 to 2010	15	10	10	6,055	3,090	2,965
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	2,625	1,295	1,335
2006 to 2010	10	0	0	3,425	1,800	1,630
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	10	1,670	845	820
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	650	370	285
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	375	225	150	13,155	6,660	6,495
Under 5 years	95	55	40	2,545	1,285	1,255
5 to 14 years	115	90	30	3,655	1,930	1,730
15 to 24 years	105	45	60	2,475	1,195	1,285
25 to 44 years	55	30	25	3,745	1,875	1,870
45 years and over	0	10	0	735	370	365
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	375	230	150	13,155	6,655	6,500
Americas	70	30	40	4,570	2,195	2,375
Brazil	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	55	10	50
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	20	10	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	25	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	1,095	525	565
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	20	30	850	335	515
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	2,455	1,255	1,205
Europe	265	185	85	5,750	3,005	2,745
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	90	65	25
Germany	40	35	10	2,610	1,395	1,215
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	50	30	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	60	35	30
Italy	0	0	0	40	15	30
Netherlands	70	45	30	325	180	140
Poland	10	10	0	110	55	60
Portugal	0	0	0	55	25	35
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	930	470	460
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	170	80	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	65	35	960	500	460
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	10	320	150	165
Africa	15	0	15	325	180	150
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	30	10	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	65	30	35
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	20	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	70	45	25
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	125	60	65
Asia	15	10	10	2,475	1,255	1,220
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	55	20	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	10	0
India	0	0	0	125	60	65
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	1,185	585	600
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	80	40	40
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	935	480	450
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	35	30	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	1,665	845	825
Americas	10	10	0	285	130	160
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	30	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	115	45	70
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	90	50	40
Europe	0	0	0	510	285	230
France	0	0	0	50	30	20
Germany	0	0	0	180	105	75
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	150	75	70
Ukraine	0	0	0	80	45	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	65	35	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10
Asia	0	0	10	795	390	405
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	570	275	295
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	115	55	60
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	7,090	3,540	3,545	97,880	49,485	48,400
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	410	250	160	14,655	7,520	7,140
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	750	315	430	15,555	7,905	7,650
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,930	2,980	2,950	67,665	34,060	33,610
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	85	40	45	10,410	5,315	5,105
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	20	10	10	7,225	3,880	3,345
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	10	0	10	1,855	1,560	300
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	10	0	5,365	2,320	3,045
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	70	25	45	2,660	1,140	1,515
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	500	275	225
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	7,085	3,540	3,545	97,880	49,480	48,400
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	410	210	205	12,560	6,330	6,230
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	390	195	195	12,415	6,280	6,135
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	170	75	100	2,785	1,355	1,425
Métis	210	120	90	9,545	4,870	4,675
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	85	55	35
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	100	30	65
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	15	0	45	20	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	6,680	3,335	3,345	85,320	43,155	42,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	7,090	3,540	3,545	97,880	49,480	48,400
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	85	40	45	2,585	1,230	1,360
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,005	3,500	3,500	95,295	48,250	47,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	7,085	3,545	3,540	97,880	49,485	48,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	110	55	50	2,450	1,280	1,160
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	100	55	45	2,435	1,275	1,155
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	75	35	35	1,425	700	720
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0	980	550	435
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	30	25	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	450	250	195	10,960	5,445	5,510
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	440	245	190	10,515	5,275	5,240
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	155	2,165	1,055	1,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	75	35	8,275	4,190	4,085
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	75	30	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	445	170	270
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	435	165	275
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	6,525	3,235	3,290	84,475	42,755	41,725
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	7,085	3,540	3,545	97,880	49,480	48,395
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	80	35	45	3,930	1,975	1,955
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	25	15	10	405	235	175
Chinese	20	10	10	225	110	115
Black	25	10	20	830	445	385
Filipino	0	0	0	1,480	670	810
Latin American	10	10	0	240	125	110
Arab	0	0	0	60	30	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	295	180	115
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	55	40	15
Korean	0	0	0	65	25	35
Japanese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	135	65	80
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	7,005	3,505	3,500	93,950	47,505	46,445
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	7,085	3,540	3,545	97,880	49,485	48,395
North American Aboriginal origins	555	305	250	13,405	6,730	6,675
First Nations (North American Indian)	420	215	205	4,045	1,935	2,110
Inuit	0	0	0	105	60	45
Métis	160	95	55	9,710	4,910	4,795
Other North American origins	3,300	1,560	1,745	29,295	14,685	14,605
Acadian	0	0	10	40	15	20
American	65	25	40	975	545	430
Canadian	3,245	1,530	1,710	28,780	14,385	14,395
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	0
European origins	5,195	2,635	2,565	79,005	39,800	39,210
British Isles origins	4,045	1,985	2,060	27,825	13,835	13,985
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,945	905	1,035	16,090	7,945	8,145
Irish	2,125	1,055	1,075	10,065	4,775	5,285
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	1,780	920	860	12,675	6,260	6,415
Welsh	40	10	30	915	460	460
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	270	120	155	1,245	610	630
French origins	1,290	690	595	17,960	8,825	9,140
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,290	690	600	17,965	8,820	9,145
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,345	680	665	40,000	20,155	19,845
Austrian	10	10	0	855	455	400
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	35	20	20	2,125	1,000	1,120
Dutch	620	315	305	8,025	4,025	4,000
Flemish	0	0	0	60	25	35
Frisian	10	0	10	45	25	20
German	800	405	395	32,535	16,475	16,060
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	10	15
Swiss	45	20	20	575	290	285
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	170	85	80	5,185	2,540	2,645
Danish	30	15	15	565	265	295
Finnish	95	35	60	305	155	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,515	790	725
Norwegian	30	20	15	1,295	635	660
Swedish	20	15	10	1,735	790	940
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	250	125	125
Eastern European origins	420	220	200	29,030	14,605	14,420
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	85	45	35
Czech	65	40	30	445	205	230
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	180	105	80
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	20	0	15	750	380	370
Latvian	0	0	0	80	30	55
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	80	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Polish	175	95	85	6,900	3,390	3,510
Romanian	0	10	0	255	115	140
Russian	35	15	20	11,380	5,620	5,760
Slovak	20	10	0	345	175	170
Ukrainian	190	105	90	14,550	7,420	7,135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins	175	80	95	2,455	1,190	1,270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	180	90	90
Italian	105	45	55	1,195	600	590
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	10	10	0	30	20	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	475	225	250
Serbian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	20	0	20	460	195	270
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	20	10	10	530	265	270
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	310	125	180
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	0	195	125	65
Caribbean origins	20	15	10	510	215	290
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Jamaican	10	10	10	215	80	135
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	165	60	100
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	2,900	1,510	1,395
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	65	25	45
Bolivian	0	0	0	105	50	50
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Chilean	0	0	0	115	65	50
Colombian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	55	35	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	1,310	665	645
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	1,250	645	605
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	55	25	35
African origins	20	10	15	700	350	355
Central and West African origins	0	0	10	105	50	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	15	15
North African origins	0	0	0	150	85	65
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	85	55	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	10	175	80	95
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	15
South African	10	0	10	60	20	40
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	10	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	295	135	160
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	255	125	135
Asian origins	70	40	30	3,295	1,640	1,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	0	0	465	245	220
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	85	40	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	85	65	20
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	60	25	35
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Syrian	0	0	0	35	25	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	55	25	25
Turk	10	10	0	65	40	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	0	15
South Asian origins	15	10	10	530	300	235
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	10	10	470	260	210
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	35	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	40	20	15	2,285	1,085	1,200
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese	40	20	15	430	200	225
Filipino	0	0	0	1,570	730	840
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Japanese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	25	35
Laotian	0	0	0	130	65	65
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	135	90	45
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Oceania origins	20	10	10	165	80	90
Australian	20	10	10	85	35	50
New Zealander	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	55	35	20
Fijian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Samoan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,920	...	...	34,635	...	...
Owner	2,400	...	...	28,860	...	...
Renter	520	...	...	5,565	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,915	...	...	34,635	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	1,935	...	...
Not condominium	2,910	...	...	32,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,920	...	...	34,630	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	215	...	...	1,830	...	...
2 bedrooms	605	...	...	7,360	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,390	...	...	12,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	710	...	...	12,455	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,915	...	...	34,630	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	430	...	...	5,805	...	...
5 rooms	415	...	...	5,675	...	...
6 rooms	545	...	...	5,700	...	...
7 rooms	460	...	...	4,990	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,065	...	...	12,455	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,915	...	...	34,630	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,890	...	...	33,940	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,920	...	...	34,635	...	...
Suitable	2,830	...	...	33,290	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,915	...	...	34,635	...	...
1960 or before	1,095	...	...	4,585	...	...
1961 to 1980	690	...	...	8,870	...	...
1981 to 1990	325	...	...	4,825	...	...
1991 to 2000	335	...	...	4,555	...	...
2001 to 2005	130	...	...	2,655	...	...
2006 to 2010	190	...	...	3,980	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	150	...	...	5,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,920	...	...	34,630	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,660	...	...	32,500	...	...
Major repairs needed	255	...	...	2,135	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,920	...	...	34,635	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,680	...	...	18,755	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,215	...	...	15,475	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	25	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,920	...	...	34,630	...	...
15 to 24 years	65	...	...	1,170	...	...
25 to 34 years	295	...	...	5,640	...	...
35 to 44 years	410	...	...	6,580	...	...
45 to 54 years	615	...	...	7,075	...	...
55 to 64 years	650	...	...	6,570	...	...
65 to 74 years	570	...	...	4,590	...	...
75 to 84 years	275	...	...	2,270	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,830	...	...	32,920	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,220	...	...	27,735	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	610	...	...	5,185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	580	...	...	4,675	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,310	...	...	27,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.3	...	...	67.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.6	...	...	11.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,053	...	...	1,083	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,161	...	...	1,132	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	244,882	...	...	285,214	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	276,921	...	...	308,363	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	520	...	...	5,525	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.5	...	...	16.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.1	...	...	35.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	872	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	895	...	...	881	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,040	3,030	3,005	75,065	37,775	37,290
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,240	675	565	19,280	10,730	8,555
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,825	895	925	23,225	11,305	11,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,975	1,460	1,515	32,560	15,740	16,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	580	475	110	7,575	5,460	2,115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	230	180	50	3,450	2,085	1,365
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	355	295	55	4,130	3,375	755
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,665	645	1,015	13,490	5,625	7,860
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	30	45	2,145	865	1,275
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	650	315	345	9,350	3,790	5,560
Bachelor's degree	495	210	280	7,035	2,710	4,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	25	10	770	275	495
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	235	145	90
Master's degree	100	50	45	1,170	555	615
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	25	0	135	100	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,790	1,815	1,975	49,925	25,045	24,875
No certificate, diploma or degree	400	190	205	8,810	5,385	3,425
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,170	600	570	15,235	7,400	7,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,225	1,025	1,200	25,880	12,255	13,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	435	335	95	5,600	4,090	1,515
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	185	140	45	2,470	1,530	945
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	245	195	50	3,130	2,560	570
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,260	480	780	10,900	4,565	6,335
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	15	35	1,640	670	970
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	485	190	290	7,735	2,940	4,795
Bachelor's degree	375	140	235	5,850	2,110	3,735
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	10	620	210	420
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	205	115	90
Master's degree	65	30	35	950	430	520
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	15	0	115	80	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,040	3,035	3,010	75,065	37,775	37,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,065	1,565	1,495	42,510	22,040	20,470
Education	140	30	115	3,025	820	2,210
13. Education	145	30	110	3,030	815	2,210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	35	45	660	280	385
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	125	110	15
50. Visual and performing arts	60	20	40	535	170	370
Humanities	100	40	60	1,700	790	915
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	65	10	60
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	110	35	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	20	375	145	225
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	140	75	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	880	480	400
54. History	10	10	0	105	35	75
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	80	225	2,265	550	1,710
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	130	50	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	80	675	25	650
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	25	455	70	385
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	35	15	25
42. Psychology	70	15	60	340	90	250
45. Social sciences	100	55	45	595	300	295
Business, management and public administration	535	130	400	5,790	1,860	3,930
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	55	445	95	350
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	470	130	335	5,320	1,755	3,565
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	25	20	660	335	325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10	265	125	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	195	100	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	15
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	125	95	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	60	20	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	55	10	850	495	350
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	45	10	710	450	265
25. Library science	0	0	10	55	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	70	45	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	785	725	60	8,000	7,510	485
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	85	45	40
14. Engineering	65	55	10	555	430	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	155	125	30	1,410	1,265	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	200	195	10	2,375	2,295	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	260	10	2,570	2,520	50
48. Precision production	85	75	10	1,005	960	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	135	50	1,535	1,120	415
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	110	30	1,315	955	355
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	25	15	225	160	60
Health and related fields	470	70	400	5,745	785	4,960
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	10	20	285	110	175
51. Health professions and related programs	435	55	380	5,420	650	4,770
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	35	25	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	260	130	130	2,315	1,190	1,125
12. Personal and culinary services	100	15	85	1,180	195	980
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	120	75	50	500	400	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	615	570	40
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,795	1,815	1,980	49,925	25,045	24,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,565	785	775	24,045	12,785	11,260
Education	95	15	85	2,180	515	1,665
13. Education	95	15	80	2,180	510	1,670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	35	35	510	225	285
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	95	80	15
50. Visual and performing arts	50	20	30	415	145	270
Humanities	85	30	55	1,190	545	645
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	35	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	15	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	10	25	290	105	185
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	110	65	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	610	335	280
54. History	10	0	10	65	15	45
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	45	200	1,985	460	1,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	15	115	35	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	0	70	580	15	560
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	405	55	355
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	35	15	20
42. Psychology	60	10	50	315	75	240
45. Social sciences	75	35	40	510	260	250
Business, management and public administration	380	90	290	4,760	1,480	3,285
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	0	50	365	55	310
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	320	90	235	4,370	1,410	2,965
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	10	15	490	220	265
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	225	90	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	115	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	95	65	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	35	10	745	440	305
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	35	0	660	420	245
25. Library science	0	0	10	45	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	15	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	585	525	60	6,230	5,835	400
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	75	40	35
14. Engineering	40	30	10	450	350	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	135	105	30	1,085	960	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	160	150	10	1,845	1,780	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	175	165	10	2,040	2,000	40
48. Precision production	75	60	10	730	700	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	85	35	1,285	930	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	70	25	1,080	785	295
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	205	145	60
Health and related fields	345	50	295	4,685	670	4,015
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	10	20	240	100	140
51. Health professions and related programs	315	35	280	4,415	555	3,865
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	230	110	120	1,810	945	865
12. Personal and culinary services	85	10	80	890	135	755
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	105	60	45	390	315	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	510	475	30
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,040	3,035	3,010	75,065	37,775	37,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,065	1,570	1,495	42,510	22,040	20,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,975	1,465	1,515	32,555	15,735	16,815
Location of study inside Canada	2,860	1,410	1,455	29,350	14,065	15,280
Same as province or territory of residence	2,630	1,295	1,330	26,025	12,335	13,685
Different than province or territory of residence	235	110	125	3,325	1,730	1,600
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	115	55	60	3,205	1,670	1,530
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	30	10	15	560	280	280
Philippines	0	0	0	650	290	350
India	0	0	0	65	40	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	20	20	230	135	95
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	15
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	40	20	25	1,650	885	760
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,790	1,815	1,975	49,920	25,045	24,875
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,565	790	780	24,045	12,790	11,260
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,225	1,025	1,200	25,880	12,260	13,620
Location of study inside Canada	2,175	1,020	1,155	23,145	10,855	12,290
Same as province or territory of residence	2,010	935	1,080	20,550	9,560	10,990
Different than province or territory of residence	165	85	80	2,595	1,295	1,300
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	50	0	45	2,730	1,405	1,325
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	375	165	205
Philippines	0	0	0	615	280	330
India	0	0	0	60	35	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	170	95	75
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	15
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	30	10	20	1,460	795	660
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	6,040	3,035	3,010	75,065	37,775	37,295
In the labour force	3,675	1,935	1,735	52,365	28,740	23,625
Employed	3,420	1,810	1,605	49,760	27,285	22,485
Unemployed	255	125	130	2,600	1,455	1,145
Not in the labour force	2,370	1,095	1,275	22,705	9,035	13,665
Participation rate	60.8	63.8	57.6	69.8	76.1	63.3
Employment rate	56.6	59.6	53.3	66.3	72.2	60.3
Unemployment rate	6.9	6.5	7.5	5.0	5.1	4.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	6,040	3,030	3,010	75,065	37,775	37,290
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,210	1,045	1,165	19,985	7,815	12,165
Worked	3,830	1,985	1,845	55,080	29,960	25,120
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,160	1,260	890	29,805	18,630	11,175
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,675	725	950	25,280	11,330	13,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	44.1	42.0	43.6	44.5	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,675	1,940	1,735	52,360	28,740	23,625
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	25	30	520	220	295
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,615	1,910	1,705	51,850	28,515	23,330
Employee	3,135	1,585	1,545	44,225	23,370	20,855
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	485	325	160	7,625	5,145	2,480
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,670	1,940	1,735	52,365	28,740	23,625
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	30	30	515	225	295
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,615	1,910	1,705	51,850	28,515	23,335
0 Management occupations	395	260	140	6,810	4,585	2,230
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	555	135	420	7,205	1,615	5,585
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	195	145	50	1,920	1,485	430
3 Health occupations	200	25	175	3,070	550	2,515
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	310	85	225	5,845	1,700	4,140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	25	55	825	250	580
6 Sales and service occupations	720	230	495	9,205	3,415	5,790
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	825	775	55	12,070	11,435	630
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	85	20	2,600	1,855	750
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	220	150	75	2,305	1,630	675
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,670	1,935	1,735	52,360	28,740	23,625
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	30	30	515	220	295
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,615	1,910	1,705	51,845	28,515	23,335
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	190	140	50	4,530	3,125	1,410
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	370	325	45
22 Utilities	25	25	0	555	435	125
23 Construction	390	340	45	7,005	6,185	820
31-33 Manufacturing	405	280	125	4,910	3,480	1,430
41 Wholesale trade	90	65	25	1,685	1,245	440
44-45 Retail trade	465	215	250	4,740	2,220	2,520
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	225	150	75	3,685	2,915	765
51 Information and cultural industries	65	30	35	535	265	270
52 Finance and insurance	80	10	70	1,695	460	1,240
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	25	25	555	260	290
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	165	75	90	1,650	735	920
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	65	25	40
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	155	75	75	1,315	735	580
61 Educational services	190	30	160	3,815	1,065	2,755
62 Health care and social assistance	350	45	300	5,790	835	4,960
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	50	25	30	820	410	410
72 Accommodation and food services	205	60	145	2,495	685	1,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	190	125	60	2,495	1,385	1,110
91 Public administration	325	180	145	3,140	1,730	1,410
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,420	1,815	1,605	49,765	27,280	22,480
Worked at home	310	190	125	4,780	2,435	2,345
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	230	160	65
No fixed workplace address	435	360	70	8,415	6,925	1,490
Worked at usual place	2,665	1,255	1,415	36,345	17,765	18,580
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,670	1,260	1,410	36,345	17,765	18,580
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	455	285	170	10,210	4,525	5,685
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,185	450	730	9,875	4,545	5,335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,005	500	505	16,065	8,550	7,515
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	195	140	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,105	1,620	1,485	44,760	24,690	20,075
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,815	1,440	1,365	39,565	22,245	17,320
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	140	80	60	2,600	1,170	1,430
Public transit	15	15	0	245	130	110
Walked	110	65	45	1,530	555	975
Bicycle	15	10	10	340	240	100
Other method	15	10	0	480	345	135
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,100	1,620	1,480	44,760	24,690	20,070
Less than 15 minutes	650	380	275	13,535	6,425	7,110
15 to 29 minutes	1,085	455	625	11,745	6,175	5,570
30 to 44 minutes	590	320	270	9,710	5,660	4,045
45 to 59 minutes	305	180	120	5,585	3,505	2,075
60 minutes and over	470	280	190	4,190	2,925	1,265
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,105	1,620	1,485	44,760	24,690	20,075
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	415	255	160	3,395	2,645	755
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	845	555	290	10,715	7,275	3,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	850	375	470	13,705	7,800	5,910
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	460	145	310	8,025	2,965	5,065
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	165	75	85	3,045	1,145	1,900
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	365	205	160	5,870	2,870	3,000
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,935	2,055	1,880	56,840	30,710	26,130
Single responses	3,900	2,035	1,860	56,035	30,325	25,710
Official languages	3,895	2,035	1,865	55,490	29,980	25,510
English	3,865	2,030	1,840	54,120	29,545	24,575
French	35	10	25	1,370	440	930
Non-official languages	0	0	0	545	340	205
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	545	340	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	515	330	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	455	295	160
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	385	250	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	35	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	805	385	420
English and French	30	15	15	520	225	295
English and non-official language	0	0	0	290	165	125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,935	2,055	1,880	56,835	30,710	26,125
None	3,695	1,955	1,735	51,670	28,120	23,555
English	35	10	25	1,175	490	685
French	190	80	105	2,220	1,055	1,165
Non-official language	15	0	15	1,745	1,035	710
Aboriginal	0	0	10	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	15	0	10	1,730	1,030	700
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	10	10	0	30	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	7,010	3,485	3,525	96,515	48,695	47,825
Non-movers	6,175	3,075	3,100	84,840	42,930	41,910
Movers	835	415	420	11,680	5,765	5,920
Non-migrants	260	105	150	4,435	2,195	2,235
Migrants	580	305	270	7,245	3,565	3,685
Internal migrants	550	290	265	6,790	3,325	3,470
Intraprovincial migrants	535	280	260	5,995	2,945	3,050
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	795	380	420
External migrants	25	15	10	455	245	210
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	6,745	3,365	3,385	90,210	45,500	44,715
Non-movers	4,690	2,330	2,360	55,195	28,190	27,005
Movers	2,055	1,035	1,025	35,020	17,310	17,710
Non-migrants	470	235	230	13,250	6,635	6,615
Migrants	1,585	800	785	21,770	10,670	11,100
Internal migrants	1,555	780	775	19,685	9,560	10,120
Intraprovincial migrants	1,450	725	725	17,380	8,485	8,900
Interprovincial migrants	110	60	45	2,305	1,080	1,225
External migrants	35	15	15	2,085	1,110	980

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Edwardsburgh/Cardinal, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edwardsburgh/Cardinal, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Edwardsburgh/Cardinal, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edwardsburgh/Cardinal, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba