Census Profile, 2016 Census
Northumberland--Peterborough South [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Tisdale, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Northumberland--Peterborough South Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Tisdale, T Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Northumberland--Peterborough South [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Northumberland--Peterborough South [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Tisdale, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	112,412	...	...	3,235	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	107,840	...	...	3,180	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.2	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	49,776	...	...	1,637	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,742	...	...	1,467	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	41.2	...	...	500.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,726.00	...	...	6.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	112,415	55,350	57,060	3,235	1,495	1,740
0 to 14 years	15,735	8,010	7,725	535	270	265
0 to 4 years	4,725	2,435	2,290	165	85	80
5 to 9 years	5,295	2,670	2,625	190	85	105
10 to 14 years	5,715	2,905	2,810	175	95	85
15 to 64 years	69,500	34,520	34,980	1,790	865	920
15 to 19 years	6,010	3,120	2,895	180	100	85
20 to 24 years	5,685	2,970	2,710	180	85	95
25 to 29 years	5,060	2,605	2,455	175	80	90
30 to 34 years	5,280	2,635	2,645	200	95	105
35 to 39 years	5,560	2,775	2,785	185	95	90
40 to 44 years	5,950	2,945	3,010	145	55	90
45 to 49 years	6,815	3,350	3,465	155	65	85
50 to 54 years	9,540	4,535	5,005	210	110	100
55 to 59 years	10,005	4,875	5,130	195	90	105
60 to 64 years	9,590	4,710	4,880	165	80	85
65 years and over	27,175	12,825	14,350	915	360	555
65 to 69 years	9,280	4,410	4,870	155	65	90
70 to 74 years	6,680	3,380	3,305	170	70	100
75 to 79 years	4,720	2,270	2,455	165	65	100
80 to 84 years	3,330	1,615	1,715	180	65	115
85 years and over	3,160	1,150	2,010	250	95	150
85 to 89 years	2,000	830	1,170	135	50	85
90 to 94 years	925	265	655	95	40	60
95 to 99 years	210	50	155	20	10	15
100 years and over	30	5	20	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	14.5	13.5	16.5	18.1	15.2
15 to 64 years	61.8	62.4	61.3	55.3	57.9	52.9
65 years and over	24.2	23.2	25.1	28.3	24.1	31.9
85 years and over	2.8	2.1	3.5	7.7	6.4	8.6
Average age of the population	45.9	45.1	46.7	45.8	43.4	47.8
Median age of the population	50.1	48.9	51.0	46.0	41.9	48.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,740	...	...	1,470	...	...
Single-detached house	37,390	...	...	1,035	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	730	...	...	45	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,160	...	...	325	...	...
Semi-detached house	960	...	...	40	...	...
Row house	1,835	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	585	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,635	...	...	245	...	...
Other single-attached house	150	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	455	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,745	...	...	1,465	...	...
1 person	10,840	...	...	540	...	...
2 persons	19,220	...	...	515	...	...
3 persons	6,705	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	5,850	...	...	160	...	...
5 or more persons	3,130	...	...	70	...	...
Number of persons in private households	109,890	...	...	3,140	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	96,675	47,340	49,330	2,705	1,230	1,475
Married or living common law	61,675	30,995	30,680	1,600	795	805
Married	51,595	25,955	25,635	1,395	695	705
Living common law	10,085	5,040	5,040	205	100	105
Not married and not living common law	35,000	16,345	18,655	1,100	435	670
Never married	19,785	10,915	8,875	550	310	240
Separated	2,940	1,420	1,520	75	30	45
Divorced	5,740	2,525	3,215	145	45	100
Widowed	6,535	1,490	5,045	335	50	290
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	34,700	...	...	895	...	...
2 persons	20,380	...	...	500	...	...
3 persons	6,540	...	...	170	...	...
4 persons	5,535	...	...	155	...	...
5 or more persons	2,250	...	...	65	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	34,700	...	...	890	...	...
Total couple families	30,200	...	...	780	...	...
Married couples	25,165	...	...	680	...	...
Common-law couples	5,035	...	...	105	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,500	...	...	110	...	...
Female parent	3,430	...	...	95	...	...
Male parent	1,070	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30,195	...	...	780	...	...
Couples without children	17,575	...	...	445	...	...
Couples with children	12,625	...	...	340	...	...
1 child	5,250	...	...	130	...	...
2 children	5,215	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	2,155	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,500	...	...	110	...	...
1 child	2,805	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	1,290	...	...	40	...	...
3 or more children	405	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,415	6,995	8,420	655	240	410
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,740	...	...	1,470	...	...
One-census-family households	33,000	...	...	880	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	16,865	...	...	440	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,140	...	...	440	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	840	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,900	...	...	580	...	...
One-person households	10,840	...	...	540	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,065	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	110,790	54,410	56,375	3,145	1,470	1,680
English only	103,560	51,220	52,340	3,065	1,435	1,625
French only	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	7,065	3,120	3,950	75	30	50
Neither English nor French	140	60	80	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	110,790	54,415	56,375	3,145	1,470	1,680
English	109,125	53,600	55,520	3,090	1,445	1,650
French	1,450	710	745	50	20	30
English and French	85	45	40	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	130	60	75	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,495	730	765	50	20	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.6	1.4	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	110,790	54,415	56,380	3,145	1,465	1,680
Single responses	110,170	54,120	56,045	3,130	1,460	1,670
Official languages	104,895	51,570	53,320	2,865	1,330	1,530
English	103,325	50,820	52,505	2,805	1,310	1,495
French	1,570	750	820	60	25	40
Non-official languages	5,270	2,550	2,725	265	130	140
Aboriginal languages	20	5	10	10	5	10
Algonquian languages	15	5	15	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	5	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,250	2,540	2,710	255	120	130
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	55	50	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	40	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	200	55	150	60	25	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cebuano	10	0	5	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	45	135	55	25	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	50	25	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,065	2,025	2,040	180	90	85
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	845	405	440	110	55	60
Baltic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	810	390	425	115	55	55
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	15	5	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	60	30	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	355	160	195	5	5	5
Russian	75	35	45	40	20	15
Serbian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	10	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	55	70	65	30	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	1,880	915	960	45	20	25
Afrikaans	25	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	60	35	30	5	0	0
Dutch	805	395	405	5	5	0
Frisian	35	15	15	0	0	0
German	890	430	465	35	15	15
Icelandic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Swedish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	10	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	75	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	280	150	130	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	200	100	95	10	10	5
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	25	20	5	5	0
Hindi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	35	35	5	5	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	45	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	880	460	420	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	395	225	170	0	0	0
Portuguese	180	95	85	0	0	0
Romanian	35	10	20	0	5	0
Spanish	275	130	145	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	145	70	70	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	270	115	150	5	5	0
Chinese languages	265	115	150	10	5	0
Cantonese	115	45	70	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	45	60	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	20	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	290	145	145	10	0	5
Estonian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Finnish	75	35	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	180	95	80	5	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	625	290	335	15	10	10
English and French	205	85	120	0	0	0
English and non-official language	390	195	200	15	5	5
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	110,795	54,410	56,375	3,145	1,465	1,680
Single responses	109,920	54,000	55,920	3,105	1,455	1,650
Official languages	108,760	53,430	55,340	3,015	1,405	1,610
English	108,425	53,255	55,175	3,005	1,400	1,605
French	335	170	165	10	5	5
Non-official languages	1,155	575	580	90	50	35
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,150	565	580	90	50	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	30	40	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	25	30	20	10	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	665	335	325	60	35	30
Albanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	95	85	55	30	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	95	90	50	30	20
Belarusan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	80	45	40	5	0	0
Russian	30	15	10	25	15	10
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	30	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	65	60	0	5	0
Afrikaans	15	10	5	5	5	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	20	15	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	75	35	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	125	60	65	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	35	40	5	5	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	20	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	100	90	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	105	60	50	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	125	60	65	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	60	5	5	0
Chinese languages	120	60	60	5	5	0
Cantonese	45	15	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	45	35	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	870	415	460	45	10	30
English and French	95	40	50	0	0	0
English and non-official language	750	355	395	40	15	30
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	110,790	54,410	56,380	3,150	1,465	1,675
None	107,205	52,760	54,450	3,005	1,390	1,610
English	630	320	305	35	20	15
French	1,100	495	605	20	10	15
Non-official language	1,810	815	1,000	80	45	35
Aboriginal	45	20	25	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,765	795	970	75	40	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	40	20	25	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	94,190	46,075	48,120	2,610	1,200	1,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	90,915	44,575	46,345	2,560	1,160	1,395
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,714	42,669	28,057	34,061	44,032	26,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	90,965	44,575	46,385	2,560	1,165	1,395
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,440	37,964	25,739	31,221	39,095	25,269
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,280	41,155	41,125	2,345	1,090	1,260
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,017	39,502	23,864	30,256	41,387	22,421
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,380	30,960	36,420	1,815	690	1,125
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,254	8,394	8,068	10,227	11,499	9,741
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,850	33,565	30,285	1,785	895	885
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,291	35,749	26,084	35,877	45,184	27,968
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	94,200	46,050	48,150	2,580	1,165	1,415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	90,860	44,550	46,310	2,530	1,120	1,405
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,419	54,417	36,763	43,291	54,686	34,193
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	90,905	44,555	46,350	2,530	1,120	1,405
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,945	44,618	31,531	36,676	44,946	30,073
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,390	41,130	41,260	2,330	1,070	1,260
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,840	52,325	33,385	39,405	51,145	29,423
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,170	30,710	36,465	1,805	660	1,145
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,891	8,863	8,914	9,777	10,056	9,617
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,930	33,520	30,410	1,705	845	860
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,049	47,152	34,323	45,108	55,438	35,014
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	94,195	46,045	48,150	2,585	1,165	1,420
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	29,815	17,030	12,790	825	485	340
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,326	58,528	44,342	54,328	58,259	42,998
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,305	68,414	51,842	57,935	64,889	48,063
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.4	88.7	80.8	84.3	88.8	78.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.5	65.4	61.0	68.2	73.5	61.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.6	11.3	19.2	16.0	11.1	22.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	94,190	46,075	48,115	2,610	1,195	1,410
Without total income	3,275	1,500	1,775	50	30	15
With total income	90,920	44,575	46,340	2,560	1,165	1,395
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.7	96.3	98.1	97.5	98.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,560	4,610	6,950	220	75	150
$10,000 to $19,999	15,580	5,820	9,765	500	170	330
$20,000 to $29,999	13,025	5,225	7,795	420	140	280
$30,000 to $39,999	11,215	5,140	6,080	335	145	190
$40,000 to $49,999	9,945	5,175	4,765	235	115	125
$50,000 to $59,999	7,625	4,335	3,295	245	130	115
$60,000 to $69,999	5,555	3,360	2,195	175	105	70
$70,000 to $79,999	4,025	2,550	1,475	115	70	40
$80,000 to $89,999	3,060	1,940	1,120	90	50	40
$90,000 to $99,999	2,725	1,625	1,100	60	40	20
$100,000 and over	6,605	4,800	1,805	160	120	35
$100,000 to $149,999	4,690	3,340	1,355	115	90	30
$150,000 and over	1,910	1,455	455	40	30	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	94,190	46,075	48,115	2,610	1,200	1,415
Without after-tax income	3,230	1,500	1,730	50	35	15
With after-tax income	90,960	44,575	46,385	2,560	1,160	1,395
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.7	96.4	98.1	96.7	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,170	4,705	7,465	230	75	150
$10,000 to $19,999	16,315	6,135	10,175	520	180	345
$20,000 to $29,999	15,065	6,225	8,840	490	170	315
$30,000 to $39,999	13,570	6,575	6,995	385	170	215
$40,000 to $49,999	10,825	6,005	4,820	315	170	145
$50,000 to $59,999	7,445	4,520	2,925	225	135	90
$60,000 to $69,999	5,055	3,235	1,825	155	90	60
$70,000 to $79,999	3,840	2,410	1,430	90	60	35
$80,000 and over	6,675	4,770	1,905	150	115	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,415	1,565	850	60	40	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,355	980	375	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	2,905	2,230	680	70	55	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	94,195	46,075	48,120	2,610	1,195	1,410
Without employment income	30,340	12,515	17,830	825	300	525
With employment income	63,850	33,560	30,285	1,785	900	885
Percentage with employment income	67.8	72.8	62.9	68.4	75.3	62.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,690	6,460	5,230	205	105	105
$5,000 to $9,999	5,240	2,330	2,905	140	45	100
$10,000 to $19,999	8,075	3,495	4,585	240	100	145
$20,000 to $29,999	6,690	2,805	3,880	195	80	120
$30,000 to $39,999	6,485	2,815	3,675	190	80	105
$40,000 to $49,999	5,575	2,725	2,840	170	85	80
$50,000 to $59,999	4,540	2,585	1,960	170	85	85
$60,000 to $69,999	3,345	2,055	1,285	125	80	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,830	1,805	1,025	100	65	35
$80,000 and over	9,380	6,475	2,900	235	170	65
$80,000 to $89,999	2,265	1,450	820	75	50	25
$90,000 to $99,999	2,270	1,320	955	45	30	15
$100,000 and over	4,835	3,710	1,130	115	95	20
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,745	...	...	1,465	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,019	...	...	57,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,552	...	...	52,181	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,840	...	...	540	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,191	...	...	25,312	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,764	...	...	24,986	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	34,905	...	...	925	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,396	...	...	85,965	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,786	...	...	74,368	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,760	...	...	1,465	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	90,187	...	...	74,627	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,383	...	...	63,224	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,825	...	...	555	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,737	...	...	39,210	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,614	...	...	33,781	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	34,935	...	...	915	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,954	...	...	96,038	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,772	...	...	81,023	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,745	...	...	1,470	...	...
Under $5,000	450	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	395	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	985	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,380	...	...	135	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,775	...	...	120	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,620	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,890	...	...	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,965	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,020	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,945	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,740	...	...	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,600	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,430	...	...	85	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,050	...	...	90	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,715	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,785	...	...	385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,200	...	...	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,435	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,630	...	...	100	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,525	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,740	...	...	1,465	...	...
Under $5,000	495	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	415	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	990	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,455	...	...	135	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,995	...	...	125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,815	...	...	80	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,205	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,340	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,315	...	...	80	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,360	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,530	...	...	105	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,275	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,960	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,235	...	...	90	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,745	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,610	...	...	285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,740	...	...	135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,675	...	...	70	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,195	...	...	80	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	34,155	...	...	900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,147	...	...	85,709	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,539	...	...	74,035	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	16,440	...	...	435	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,386	...	...	75,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,398	...	...	66,432	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,790	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,539	...	...	116,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,944	...	...	100,224	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,070	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,892	...	...	43,904	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,917	...	...	40,832	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	34,175	...	...	875	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,629	...	...	96,464	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,439	...	...	81,289	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	16,425	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,019	...	...	86,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,111	...	...	72,413	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,790	...	...	340	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,825	...	...	126,369	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,484	...	...	105,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,075	...	...	105	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,462	...	...	42,787	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,122	...	...	39,185	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,410	6,170	7,240	620	220	395
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,103	37,009	30,129	25,792	34,355	23,744
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,206	32,933	28,063	25,184	30,592	23,488
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,430	6,335	7,095	655	240	415
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,607	46,889	40,676	38,459	45,167	34,606
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,907	38,820	35,199	33,163	37,625	30,600
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	109,890	54,060	55,830	3,140	1,470	1,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	51,315	24,440	26,875	1,610	705	905
In the bottom decile	7,600	3,630	3,975	230	105	125
In the second decile	9,740	4,290	5,455	440	160	280
In the third decile	10,470	4,960	5,505	330	155	175
In the fourth decile	11,675	5,675	5,995	290	135	155
In the fifth decile	11,825	5,880	5,945	320	150	175
In the top half of the distribution	58,580	29,620	28,955	1,530	760	765
In the sixth decile	12,360	6,205	6,155	365	180	185
In the seventh decile	12,345	6,175	6,170	305	150	155
In the eighth decile	12,080	6,105	5,980	325	155	165
In the ninth decile	12,435	6,300	6,140	275	140	140
In the top decile	9,350	4,835	4,515	255	130	125
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	109,030	53,635	55,395	3,140	1,465	1,675
0 to 17 years	19,100	9,750	9,355	635	325	310
0 to 5 years	5,675	2,905	2,770	205	100	105
18 to 64 years	64,545	31,690	32,860	1,675	805	870
65 years and over	25,390	12,200	13,190	830	335	495
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,655	5,300	6,350	475	185	295
0 to 17 years	2,625	1,335	1,295	95	55	40
0 to 5 years	765	380	385	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	6,740	3,070	3,665	170	70	100
65 years and over	2,285	890	1,400	215	60	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.7	9.9	11.5	15.1	12.6	17.6
0 to 17 years (%)	13.7	13.7	13.8	15.0	16.9	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	13.5	13.1	13.9	17.1	15.0	19.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.4	9.7	11.2	10.1	8.7	11.5
65 years and over (%)	9.0	7.3	10.6	25.9	17.9	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,130	2,030	2,095	135	60	75
0 to 17 years	805	430	370	40	25	20
0 to 5 years	220	100	115	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	3,010	1,470	1,545	80	35	45
65 years and over	310	135	180	10	0	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	3.8	3.8	4.3	4.1	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	4.2	4.4	4.0	6.3	7.7	6.5
0 to 5 years (%)	3.9	3.4	4.2	7.3	5.0	9.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.7	4.6	4.7	4.8	4.3	5.2
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.1	1.4	1.2	0.0	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	109,895	54,075	55,820	3,140	1,465	1,675
Official languages	109,750	54,010	55,735	3,140	1,465	1,680
English	109,730	54,005	55,720	3,140	1,465	1,680
French	7,015	3,065	3,950	75	15	55
Non-official languages	6,845	3,180	3,660	285	145	145
Aboriginal languages	95	40	55	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	75	25	45	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	20	50	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	20	45	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	15	0	0	0	0
Oneida	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,755	3,145	3,610	285	145	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	50	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	25	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	240	65	175	65	30	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	50	160	70	25	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	35	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	60	30	30	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,365	2,590	2,770	205	115	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	905	445	455	95	50	40
Baltic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	875	435	440	90	50	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	35	15	0	0	0
Czech	70	45	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Polish	410	185	225	10	0	10
Russian	125	50	70	55	35	25
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	135	75	60	70	35	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,140	1,005	1,140	55	25	30
Afrikaans	25	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	50	15	35	0	0	0
Dutch	840	385	455	0	10	0
Frisian	35	20	15	0	0	0
German	1,190	570	620	35	20	15
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	235	120	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	405	215	190	25	20	0
Indo-Aryan languages	350	190	155	25	20	10
Bengali	30	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	45	30	0	0	0
Hindi	160	105	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	115	60	55	25	20	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	85	55	40	25	20	0
Iranian languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,830	865	960	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	685	360	330	0	0	0
Portuguese	170	90	80	0	0	0
Romanian	45	10	30	0	10	0
Spanish	995	450	550	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	55	65	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	135	25	105	0	0	0
American Sign Language	75	10	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	65	20	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	340	140	200	10	0	0
Chinese languages	315	130	185	10	10	0
Cantonese	100	40	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	95	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	330	155	180	10	0	10
Estonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	65	25	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	260	130	125	0	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	109,895	54,075	55,815	3,145	1,465	1,675
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	108,055	53,210	54,845	3,040	1,420	1,625
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,130	9,770	9,355	600	325	275
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	88,925	43,440	45,490	2,445	1,095	1,350
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,840	865	975	95	45	50
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	109,895	54,075	55,815	3,145	1,465	1,680
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	98,405	48,685	49,720	2,935	1,345	1,590
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	11,295	5,270	6,020	205	115	85
Before 1981	8,065	3,840	4,225	20	10	10
1981 to 1990	1,155	530	620	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	955	390	565	10	10	0
2001 to 2010	785	360	430	105	70	35
2001 to 2005	380	155	225	25	15	10
2006 to 2010	400	205	200	75	55	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	330	145	185	65	30	40
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	195	125	75	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	11,295	5,270	6,025	205	115	85
Under 5 years	1,690	855	830	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	2,635	1,205	1,425	65	45	20
15 to 24 years	2,950	1,325	1,625	20	10	10
25 to 44 years	3,605	1,700	1,900	80	50	30
45 years and over	425	185	240	20	10	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	11,295	5,275	6,020	205	115	90
Americas	1,880	790	1,090	30	10	20
Brazil	20	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	85	50	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	180	70	110	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	260	115	145	0	0	0
Mexico	60	20	40	10	10	0
Peru	40	15	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	160	75	85	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	795	305	490	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	260	120	135	10	10	0
Europe	7,890	3,815	4,075	80	50	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	40	30	10	0	0	0
France	75	35	40	0	0	0
Germany	690	340	350	0	0	0
Greece	110	70	40	0	0	0
Hungary	135	60	75	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	200	105	95	0	0	0
Italy	315	180	130	0	0	0
Netherlands	720	390	340	0	0	0
Poland	250	125	125	0	10	0
Portugal	100	60	40	0	0	0
Romania	40	15	25	10	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	10	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	20	25	50	35	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	4,565	2,080	2,490	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	560	275	285	0	0	0
Africa	220	120	100	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	25	15	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	80	45	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	35	40	0	0	0
Asia	1,220	490	730	95	50	45
Afghanistan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	220	90	130	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	0	35	0	10	0
India	250	135	110	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	115	50	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	85	50	35	25	20	10
Philippines	220	50	165	65	25	35
Sri Lanka	60	30	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	25	55	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	85	60	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	335	145	185	65	25	40
Americas	115	50	65	15	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	15	45	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	10	10	10
Europe	30	10	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	165	70	100	55	25	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	60	20	40	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	30	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	55	25	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Australia	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	109,895	54,080	55,815	3,145	1,465	1,675
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	11,890	5,590	6,300	210	120	90
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	17,485	8,455	9,035	505	210	295
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	80,520	40,035	40,485	2,430	1,135	1,295
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,420	1,525	1,900	180	100	80
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,605	775	835	105	65	40
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	650	410	245	50	45	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	960	365	590	55	15	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,440	550	890	60	25	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	330	170	155	25	20	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	109,895	54,080	55,820	3,145	1,465	1,680
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,395	1,540	1,860	225	90	135
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,320	1,500	1,815	230	95	135
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,215	990	1,225	125	45	80
Métis	1,070	495	570	105	45	55
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	106,500	52,535	53,960	2,915	1,370	1,540
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	109,895	54,075	55,820	3,145	1,465	1,680
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,495	695	800	90	35	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	108,400	53,380	55,015	3,050	1,430	1,620
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	109,895	54,075	55,820	3,140	1,465	1,680
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	885	405	480	50	25	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	880	405	475	50	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	730	335	390	50	25	25
Métis single ancestry	140	60	75	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,325	1,945	2,380	170	85	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,270	1,925	2,350	165	90	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,110	1,400	1,710	85	50	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,080	485	590	80	35	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	40	45	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	25	30	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	25	30	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	104,685	51,730	52,955	2,920	1,355	1,565
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	109,895	54,075	55,815	3,140	1,465	1,675
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,065	1,895	2,175	130	70	65
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	800	390	410	25	20	10
Chinese	500	190	310	15	10	10
Black	1,155	605	550	0	10	0
Filipino	365	110	250	70	25	45
Latin American	310	155	150	15	10	10
Arab	45	20	30	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	115	45	65	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	40	25	0	0	0
Korean	195	85	105	0	0	0
Japanese	150	55	95	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	205	105	100	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	165	80	80	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	105,830	52,185	53,645	3,010	1,400	1,610
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	109,895	54,075	55,815	3,140	1,465	1,680
North American Aboriginal origins	5,210	2,345	2,855	225	110	110
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,890	1,760	2,130	140	70	70
Inuit	105	45	60	0	0	0
Métis	1,275	570	710	85	35	50
Other North American origins	41,800	20,935	20,865	820	350	475
Acadian	140	75	70	0	0	0
American	1,345	705	645	45	25	20
Canadian	40,850	20,475	20,375	795	335	460
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	140	55	85	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	25	30	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	86,085	42,065	44,020	2,565	1,220	1,345
British Isles origins	70,295	34,115	36,180	1,530	690	845
Channel Islander	30	10	15	0	0	0
Cornish	30	10	20	0	0	0
English	43,850	20,990	22,855	985	430	555
Irish	28,245	13,295	14,950	580	255	325
Manx	20	10	10	0	0	10
Scottish	29,480	14,225	15,260	675	315	360
Welsh	2,735	1,290	1,445	70	15	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,025	1,905	2,120	35	10	25
French origins	11,800	5,610	6,190	490	260	230
Alsatian	20	10	20	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,780	5,605	6,175	490	265	230
Western European origins (except French origins)	18,845	9,145	9,705	935	490	440
Austrian	710	320	390	75	30	40
Bavarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	450	230	225	0	0	0
Dutch	8,185	4,030	4,155	110	40	70
Flemish	60	30	25	0	0	0
Frisian	70	35	35	0	0	0
German	10,580	5,080	5,495	795	435	360
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	420	195	230	0	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,470	1,190	1,280	550	285	265
Danish	660	315	345	35	20	15
Finnish	440	215	220	15	10	0
Icelandic	90	40	45	30	15	15
Norwegian	520	250	270	345	190	155
Swedish	745	385	360	180	90	85
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	175	75	105	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	7,430	3,490	3,945	725	335	395
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Czech	260	120	135	25	15	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	75	45	30	0	0	10
Estonian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	855	440	415	130	60	70
Latvian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	140	90	55	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,855	1,355	1,505	145	55	90
Romanian	290	130	155	20	10	10
Russian	645	325	315	120	65	55
Slovak	195	105	90	30	20	10
Ukrainian	2,730	1,225	1,505	415	175	240
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	10	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,655	3,210	3,440	100	30	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	200	95	105	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	580	255	320	15	10	15
Italian	3,645	1,790	1,860	25	0	25
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	185	75	105	0	0	0
Maltese	440	225	210	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	750	360	390	10	0	10
Serbian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Slovenian	130	55	75	0	0	0
Spanish	770	350	415	30	20	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	140	75	70	15	0	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	455	240	215	10	0	0
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	130	75	60	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	275	140	135	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,190	570	620	0	0	0
Antiguan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	115	55	60	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Jamaican	580	290	295	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	260	115	145	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	35	20	15	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	120	55	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	700	330	375	40	25	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Belizean	15	0	10	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Chilean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Colombian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Costa Rican	40	15	20	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	165	85	85	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	115	60	55	25	15	10
Nicaraguan	20	10	15	15	10	0
Panamanian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	20	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	610	295	315	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	40	10	40	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	70	45	25	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	20	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	165	85	80	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	125	60	60	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Zulu	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	350	165	185	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	325	155	175	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,960	1,315	1,645	115	60	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	520	270	250	0	0	0
Afghan	60	35	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	50	30	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	150	95	55	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	15	25	0	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	50	15	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	925	465	455	25	20	0
Bangladeshi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	715	350	365	0	0	0
Goan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	75	55	25	25	20	0
Punjabi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Tamil	30	10	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,585	600	980	85	35	55
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	685	270	415	15	10	10
Filipino	345	90	260	70	30	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Japanese	210	75	135	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	185	85	95	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	50	15	35	0	0	0
Tibetan	30	20	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	190	110	85	10	10	0
Australian	125	65	60	10	0	0
New Zealander	40	25	15	0	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	25	20	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,760	...	...	1,470	...	...
Owner	37,895	...	...	1,065	...	...
Renter	7,855	...	...	400	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,755	...	...	1,465	...	...
Condominium	1,890	...	...	130	...	...
Not condominium	43,870	...	...	1,335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,755	...	...	1,465	...	...
No bedrooms	120	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,110	...	...	195	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,270	...	...	320	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,410	...	...	485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,855	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,755	...	...	1,465	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,465	...	...	330	...	...
5 rooms	6,250	...	...	250	...	...
6 rooms	7,635	...	...	180	...	...
7 rooms	7,625	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	17,785	...	...	560	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,755	...	...	1,470	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,565	...	...	1,455	...	...
More than 1 person per room	190	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,755	...	...	1,470	...	...
Suitable	44,650	...	...	1,410	...	...
Not suitable	1,105	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,760	...	...	1,470	...	...
1960 or before	14,410	...	...	305	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,405	...	...	590	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,985	...	...	175	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,095	...	...	95	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,285	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,960	...	...	110	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,620	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,755	...	...	1,465	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	42,580	...	...	1,370	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,180	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,760	...	...	1,470	...	...
1 household maintainer	25,515	...	...	930	...	...
2 household maintainers	19,670	...	...	525	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	580	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,755	...	...	1,465	...	...
15 to 24 years	545	...	...	55	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,010	...	...	160	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,810	...	...	220	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,630	...	...	185	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,965	...	...	210	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,245	...	...	180	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,855	...	...	245	...	...
85 years and over	1,690	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	44,180	...	...	1,465	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,440	...	...	1,180	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,740	...	...	290	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,770	...	...	255	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	36,495	...	...	1,060	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.6	...	...	51.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.6	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,110	...	...	788	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,248	...	...	972	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,691	...	...	199,914	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	359,160	...	...	224,685	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,725	...	...	405	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.5	...	...	40.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.6	...	...	46.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	946	...	...	681	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	986	...	...	784	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	94,200	46,045	48,150	2,585	1,165	1,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,935	9,220	7,720	765	340	420
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	28,580	13,935	14,640	650	310	335
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,685	22,890	25,795	1,175	515	660
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,315	6,275	2,040	255	175	80
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,415	2,155	1,260	80	40	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,900	4,120	780	180	135	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,740	9,995	14,740	480	160	315
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,780	720	1,060	95	35	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,845	5,890	7,955	345	145	200
Bachelor's degree	9,680	3,780	5,905	235	90	145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,025	440	590	45	25	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	225	95	20	10	10
Master's degree	2,415	1,195	1,220	40	15	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	400	255	145	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	57,130	27,855	29,270	1,385	665	720
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,145	3,735	2,410	165	75	90
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,135	8,885	8,255	395	210	185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,840	15,235	18,605	825	380	445
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,210	3,965	1,240	170	120	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,140	1,390	750	50	20	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,070	2,575	495	110	95	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,165	7,290	10,875	350	120	230
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,000	415	585	45	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,465	3,560	5,910	260	115	145
Bachelor's degree	6,835	2,420	4,415	185	80	105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	655	230	425	30	20	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	130	80	0	10	0
Master's degree	1,555	660	895	40	15	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	210	115	90	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	94,195	46,045	48,150	2,580	1,165	1,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	45,515	23,160	22,355	1,410	655	760
Education	3,530	935	2,600	125	25	95
13. Education	3,535	935	2,600	130	30	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,640	700	935	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	315	235	85	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,320	470	850	10	10	10
Humanities	2,160	835	1,325	35	10	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	145	35	110	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	675	165	510	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	445	160	290	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	0	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	135	85	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	235	155	80	15	10	0
54. History	410	220	190	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	100	25	75	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,525	1,530	3,995	55	20	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	105	20	80	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	495	200	300	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,375	85	1,290	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,105	270	840	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	185	35	145	0	0	0
42. Psychology	795	200	600	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,470	730	740	20	10	15
Business, management and public administration	8,255	2,625	5,630	260	65	190
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	15	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,080	120	950	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,140	2,485	4,655	240	60	180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,305	685	620	15	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	555	185	365	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	240	135	110	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	340	265	80	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	155	90	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,110	545	565	25	10	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	835	450	385	15	10	10
25. Library science	90	10	80	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	175	85	90	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,495	10,895	600	265	255	10
04. Architecture and related services	250	190	55	0	10	0
14. Engineering	1,005	895	115	25	25	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,690	2,475	215	25	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,900	2,830	70	55	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,135	3,040	95	85	85	0
48. Precision production	1,510	1,465	50	75	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,550	1,035	515	45	40	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,015	675	340	35	35	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	540	365	180	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,155	1,135	7,025	270	40	225
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	735	285	450	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,360	800	6,560	260	40	220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	45	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,935	1,970	1,965	75	15	60
12. Personal and culinary services	1,815	360	1,460	50	0	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,445	970	475	25	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	635	600	30	0	0	0
Other	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	57,125	27,855	29,270	1,385	665	720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,285	12,625	10,660	565	285	280
Education	2,055	535	1,520	85	30	55
13. Education	2,055	535	1,520	85	25	55
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,115	460	660	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	155	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	910	305	605	10	0	10
Humanities	1,280	435	840	25	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	15	75	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	355	75	280	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	260	90	175	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	45	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	95	60	10	10	0
54. History	260	120	140	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,145	965	3,180	40	20	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	85	10	70	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	375	145	230	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,075	55	1,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	885	165	715	15	15	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	150	20	130	0	0	0
42. Psychology	580	125	455	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	990	440	550	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	5,800	1,735	4,060	200	55	145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	825	70	755	10	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,945	1,660	3,285	195	50	140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	900	415	485	15	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	410	140	265	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	175	90	85	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	190	120	70	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	115	60	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	855	415	435	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	680	350	325	15	0	10
25. Library science	60	10	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	55	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,790	7,315	475	180	175	0
04. Architecture and related services	170	120	45	0	10	0
14. Engineering	590	500	95	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,840	1,655	185	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,010	1,955	55	40	40	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,150	2,090	65	40	40	0
48. Precision production	1,030	1,000	30	60	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,135	725	405	40	40	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	710	450	255	35	30	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	425	275	155	10	10	0
Health and related fields	5,815	775	5,045	170	20	150
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	565	205	365	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,205	540	4,665	165	20	150
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	30	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,940	1,440	1,500	45	0	35
12. Personal and culinary services	1,330	240	1,090	35	0	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,115	735	385	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	480	455	15	0	0	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	94,195	46,045	48,150	2,585	1,165	1,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,515	23,160	22,360	1,410	650	760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	48,685	22,890	25,790	1,175	510	660
Location of study inside Canada	44,795	20,825	23,965	1,060	445	620
Same as province or territory of residence	42,125	19,595	22,530	900	365	535
Different than province or territory of residence	2,670	1,235	1,435	165	80	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,890	2,065	1,825	110	70	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,120	585	535	30	20	15
Philippines	115	40	80	20	10	15
India	60	30	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,345	765	585	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	35	0	0	0
France	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other	1,175	605	570	60	40	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	57,130	27,860	29,270	1,385	665	720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,285	12,625	10,665	560	285	275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,840	15,235	18,605	825	380	440
Location of study inside Canada	31,915	14,320	17,595	715	315	405
Same as province or territory of residence	30,270	13,550	16,720	595	255	345
Different than province or territory of residence	1,640	765	875	120	65	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,925	910	1,010	105	65	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	705	350	355	30	15	10
Philippines	80	20	50	15	0	10
India	45	25	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	425	205	215	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	35	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	615	280	325	60	45	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	94,195	46,045	48,150	2,585	1,165	1,420
In the labour force	55,455	28,620	26,830	1,555	785	770
Employed	51,465	26,465	25,005	1,485	755	725
Unemployed	3,985	2,160	1,820	70	30	40
Not in the labour force	38,745	17,420	21,325	1,030	385	645
Participation rate	58.9	62.2	55.7	60.2	67.4	54.2
Employment rate	54.6	57.5	51.9	57.4	64.8	51.1
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.5	6.8	4.5	3.8	5.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	94,195	46,045	48,155	2,580	1,165	1,415
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	35,820	15,920	19,900	935	325	610
Worked	58,375	30,130	28,250	1,645	835	805
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	30,730	17,570	13,160	835	490	345
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,650	12,555	15,090	810	350	465
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.5	42.9	42.2	43.5	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	55,455	28,625	26,830	1,555	785	770
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,055	525	530	15	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	54,400	28,095	26,300	1,540	780	760
Employee	46,590	23,380	23,210	1,345	655	690
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,810	4,720	3,090	195	125	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	55,455	28,625	26,830	1,555	785	770
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,060	525	530	15	10	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	54,395	28,095	26,300	1,540	780	760
0 Management occupations	6,225	3,670	2,555	200	145	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,880	1,585	5,290	185	25	155
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,380	1,835	545	40	35	0
3 Health occupations	3,820	545	3,275	115	10	100
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,385	2,115	4,270	185	50	130
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,275	480	795	30	0	25
6 Sales and service occupations	12,280	4,745	7,530	380	125	255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,815	9,190	630	260	240	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,410	1,130	285	100	90	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,935	2,805	1,125	40	40	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	55,455	28,620	26,830	1,550	785	770
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,060	525	530	15	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	54,395	28,100	26,300	1,540	780	760
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,940	1,360	580	155	125	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	250	220	20	10	15	0
22 Utilities	1,475	1,240	235	15	10	0
23 Construction	5,175	4,555	620	130	120	10
31-33 Manufacturing	6,295	4,455	1,840	100	80	20
41 Wholesale trade	1,635	1,085	550	105	80	30
44-45 Retail trade	6,510	2,810	3,700	205	80	120
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,215	1,650	565	35	25	10
51 Information and cultural industries	710	350	360	20	0	15
52 Finance and insurance	1,360	465	890	50	20	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	910	470	440	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,765	1,320	1,450	35	15	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	15	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,400	1,365	1,030	30	15	15
61 Educational services	3,630	1,035	2,590	130	35	95
62 Health care and social assistance	6,585	805	5,785	235	30	205
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,060	485	570	25	10	20
72 Accommodation and food services	3,710	1,340	2,370	100	20	80
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,485	1,210	1,275	85	50	30
91 Public administration	3,275	1,845	1,425	80	45	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	51,465	26,460	25,005	1,485	760	730
Worked at home	4,925	2,550	2,380	80	50	30
Worked outside Canada	130	85	40	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,670	4,875	1,795	190	140	50
Worked at usual place	39,740	18,950	20,790	1,215	560	650
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	39,740	18,950	20,790	1,215	565	655
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,640	5,625	7,015	1,045	465	575
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,590	6,010	7,585	110	65	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,400	7,240	6,160	55	25	30
Commute to a different province or territory	110	80	30	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	46,410	23,820	22,585	1,405	705	700
Car, truck, van - as a driver	39,960	20,745	19,215	1,155	595	560
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,645	1,280	1,370	35	15	15
Public transit	1,025	370	655	0	0	10
Walked	2,110	1,030	1,085	200	80	115
Bicycle	200	140	60	0	10	0
Other method	475	260	210	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	46,415	23,825	22,585	1,405	705	700
Less than 15 minutes	14,280	6,560	7,720	1,005	445	560
15 to 29 minutes	13,775	6,670	7,100	205	135	70
30 to 44 minutes	8,600	4,445	4,155	130	80	55
45 to 59 minutes	4,075	2,295	1,780	20	20	0
60 minutes and over	5,685	3,850	1,835	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	46,410	23,825	22,585	1,405	710	700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,565	3,200	1,370	115	70	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,595	6,110	3,485	235	155	75
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,630	5,625	6,005	490	265	220
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,495	2,990	5,510	320	135	190
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,070	1,430	2,640	120	40	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,055	4,470	3,585	120	35	85
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	59,975	30,815	29,160	1,675	845	835
Single responses	59,810	30,755	29,055	1,675	840	840
Official languages	59,725	30,705	29,015	1,675	835	835
English	59,530	30,650	28,875	1,675	840	835
French	195	50	140	0	0	0
Non-official languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	30	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	20	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	60	100	0	0	0
English and French	60	20	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	95	35	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	59,975	30,815	29,160	1,680	840	835
None	58,935	30,340	28,595	1,650	830	820
English	150	35	115	0	0	0
French	665	315	350	10	0	15
Non-official language	225	125	100	15	10	0
Aboriginal	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	205	115	90	15	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	109,000	53,580	55,415	3,120	1,455	1,665
Non-movers	96,840	47,610	49,230	2,770	1,305	1,465
Movers	12,160	5,975	6,190	350	155	200
Non-migrants	4,020	1,900	2,115	145	65	80
Migrants	8,145	4,070	4,070	210	85	120
Internal migrants	7,955	3,970	3,980	195	80	110
Intraprovincial migrants	7,475	3,725	3,755	165	70	95
Interprovincial migrants	470	250	225	30	15	15
External migrants	190	100	90	15	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	105,100	51,595	53,500	2,985	1,380	1,605
Non-movers	69,370	34,410	34,960	1,795	820	975
Movers	35,730	17,180	18,545	1,190	560	630
Non-migrants	12,600	5,905	6,695	525	240	280
Migrants	23,125	11,280	11,850	670	315	350
Internal migrants	22,405	10,925	11,485	625	300	325
Intraprovincial migrants	21,195	10,295	10,900	550	260	290
Interprovincial migrants	1,215	630	585	75	45	30
External migrants	715	355	365	45	15	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Northumberland--Peterborough South [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Tisdale, T [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Northumberland--Peterborough South [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Tisdale, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Northumberland--Peterborough South [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Tisdale, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Northumberland--Peterborough South [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Tisdale, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan