Census Profile, 2016 Census
Central, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Alberta [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Central, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]			Alberta [Province]
	Data quality , Central, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario  Map : Central, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberta [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,813,058	...	...	4,067,175	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,703,285	...	...	3,645,257	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.4	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	652,516	...	...	1,654,129	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	626,217	...	...	1,527,678	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	663.9	...	...	6.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,730.89	...	...	640,330.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,813,050	873,975	939,075	4,067,175	2,039,410	2,027,765
0 to 14 years	303,495	155,865	147,630	779,155	399,570	379,580
0 to 4 years	93,385	47,690	45,690	266,515	136,520	129,995
5 to 9 years	104,175	53,695	50,475	270,715	138,990	131,725
10 to 14 years	105,940	54,475	51,460	241,920	124,060	117,860
15 to 64 years	1,230,735	593,545	637,185	2,787,805	1,408,150	1,379,655
15 to 19 years	116,080	59,720	56,360	240,035	123,625	116,410
20 to 24 years	122,240	62,930	59,310	261,830	133,990	127,840
25 to 29 years	115,995	57,835	58,165	310,940	156,715	154,225
30 to 34 years	113,995	54,405	59,590	333,175	167,555	165,620
35 to 39 years	116,435	53,245	63,190	305,505	153,655	151,850
40 to 44 years	127,925	58,995	68,925	281,205	142,545	138,660
45 to 49 years	139,955	65,485	74,470	269,030	135,855	133,180
50 to 54 years	145,295	70,115	75,180	284,310	142,205	142,100
55 to 59 years	128,400	61,440	66,955	275,540	138,565	136,970
60 to 64 years	104,410	49,375	55,035	226,230	113,440	112,790
65 years and over	278,815	124,565	154,255	500,215	231,690	268,530
65 to 69 years	90,100	42,400	47,700	173,680	85,500	88,180
70 to 74 years	62,225	28,810	33,420	117,035	56,430	60,610
75 to 79 years	50,495	22,770	27,725	83,955	39,105	44,845
80 to 84 years	37,745	16,595	21,155	62,165	27,590	34,575
85 years and over	38,255	13,995	24,255	63,385	23,065	40,320
85 to 89 years	24,180	9,550	14,630	39,965	16,050	23,915
90 to 94 years	11,045	3,605	7,445	18,025	5,755	12,275
95 to 99 years	2,600	760	1,840	4,735	1,145	3,595
100 years and over	420	85	340	650	115	535
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.8	15.7	19.2	19.6	18.7
15 to 64 years	67.9	67.9	67.9	68.5	69.0	68.0
65 years and over	15.4	14.3	16.4	12.3	11.4	13.2
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.6	1.6	1.1	2.0
Average age of the population	40.3	39.2	41.3	37.8	37.2	38.4
Median age of the population	40.7	39.3	41.9	36.7	36.2	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	626,215	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Single-detached house	304,105	...	...	946,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	155,935	...	...	62,395	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	166,030	...	...	471,090	...	...
Semi-detached house	41,150	...	...	86,765	...	...
Row house	60,385	...	...	116,625	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	23,410	...	...	43,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	40,520	...	...	223,360	...	...
Other single-attached house	570	...	...	1,245	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	150	...	...	47,970	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	626,220	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
1 person	123,195	...	...	366,080	...	...
2 persons	175,060	...	...	524,415	...	...
3 persons	121,685	...	...	245,075	...	...
4 persons	124,430	...	...	233,770	...	...
5 or more persons	81,845	...	...	158,335	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,796,680	...	...	3,978,145	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,509,550	718,105	791,440	3,288,020	1,639,835	1,648,185
Married or living common law	876,345	435,905	440,440	1,969,300	988,410	980,895
Married	806,815	401,165	405,650	1,648,945	828,155	820,790
Living common law	69,525	34,735	34,795	320,350	160,250	160,100
Not married and not living common law	633,205	282,210	351,000	1,318,720	651,430	667,290
Never married	436,975	226,115	210,860	905,700	505,310	400,390
Separated	37,565	14,210	23,355	76,150	34,000	42,150
Divorced	80,640	28,095	52,540	195,850	82,040	113,815
Widowed	78,025	13,785	64,245	141,020	30,080	110,940
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	513,250	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
2 persons	208,385	...	...	540,850	...	...
3 persons	131,220	...	...	235,245	...	...
4 persons	128,265	...	...	227,165	...	...
5 or more persons	45,385	...	...	111,330	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	513,250	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
Total couple families	423,980	...	...	953,325	...	...
Married couples	389,245	...	...	793,195	...	...
Common-law couples	34,730	...	...	160,130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	89,270	...	...	161,260	...	...
Female parent	73,980	...	...	123,490	...	...
Male parent	15,290	...	...	37,770	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	423,980	...	...	953,325	...	...
Couples without children	155,610	...	...	443,665	...	...
Couples with children	268,370	...	...	509,655	...	...
1 child	104,670	...	...	190,010	...	...
2 children	120,760	...	...	213,910	...	...
3 or more children	42,940	...	...	105,735	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	89,270	...	...	161,260	...	...
1 child	52,770	...	...	97,180	...	...
2 children	26,555	...	...	45,235	...	...
3 or more children	9,945	...	...	18,845	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	233,840	99,245	134,600	678,535	356,875	321,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	626,215	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One-census-family households	452,695	...	...	1,039,985	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	131,305	...	...	414,570	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	321,395	...	...	625,415	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	29,295	...	...	36,120	...	...
Non-census-family households	144,225	...	...	451,570	...	...
One-person households	123,195	...	...	366,080	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	21,030	...	...	85,490	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,800,895	869,790	931,110	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English only	1,584,905	779,855	805,050	3,698,765	1,869,670	1,829,095
French only	1,140	480	660	3,895	1,725	2,165
English and French	117,950	50,295	67,655	264,720	124,400	140,315
Neither English nor French	96,900	39,160	57,735	59,280	24,715	34,565
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,800,900	869,785	931,110	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English	1,671,240	816,000	855,245	3,880,685	1,950,980	1,929,705
French	16,390	7,410	8,980	71,535	37,205	34,330
English and French	17,655	7,835	9,820	16,605	8,350	8,255
Neither English nor French	95,610	38,545	57,060	57,830	23,970	33,860
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	25,220	11,325	13,895	79,840	41,380	38,455
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.4	1.3	1.5	2.0	2.0	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,800,900	869,785	931,110	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
Single responses	1,732,495	837,085	895,410	3,934,580	1,975,615	1,958,970
Official languages	849,045	421,850	427,200	3,063,640	1,552,475	1,511,165
English	834,520	415,265	419,255	2,991,485	1,515,025	1,476,460
French	14,530	6,585	7,945	72,150	37,450	34,705
Non-official languages	883,445	415,235	468,215	870,940	423,140	447,805
Aboriginal languages	135	55	80	23,835	11,290	12,550
Algonquian languages	90	35	50	18,295	8,665	9,630
Blackfoot	5	0	0	2,750	1,305	1,445
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	5	5	14,960	7,105	7,850
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	10	0	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	50	15	35
Plains Cree	0	0	0	720	280	435
Southern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	50	20	35
Woods Cree	0	0	0	910	430	480
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	13,220	6,355	6,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	5	30	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	35	20	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	70	25	45	550	235	315
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway	60	25	40	525	230	300
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15	5	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	5
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	1,865	865	1,000
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	1,855	860	990
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	35	15	15
Carrier	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chilcotin	5	0	5	5	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	1,470	710	760
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	70	20	45
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	200	90	115
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	5	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	155	70	80
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	25
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	120	35	85
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	5	10
Inuktitut	0	0	0	60	20	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	30
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	10	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	5	5	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	80	45	35
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	3,370	1,630	1,745
Dakota	0	0	0	350	165	185
Stoney	0	0	0	3,020	1,460	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	10	15	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	883,310	415,180	468,135	847,105	411,850	435,255
Afro-Asiatic languages	38,720	19,285	19,440	68,415	36,215	32,200
Berber languages	50	35	15	340	190	145
Kabyle	25	15	10	165	90	75
Berber languages, n.i.e.	30	20	5	175	100	75
Cushitic languages	3,980	1,690	2,290	12,525	6,495	6,030
Bilen	65	35	25	315	185	130
Oromo	230	110	125	2,650	1,375	1,275
Somali	3,675	1,540	2,140	9,520	4,915	4,605
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	40	20	20
Semitic languages	34,620	17,515	17,100	55,425	29,450	25,980
Amharic	945	435	510	7,320	3,605	3,720
Arabic	19,815	9,980	9,830	40,540	21,840	18,705
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	3,515	1,720	1,795	400	210	190
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	770	390	380	145	80	65
Harari	140	65	75	260	135	120
Hebrew	7,705	4,095	3,615	960	505	460
Maltese	550	265	290	75	30	40
Tigrigna	910	440	470	5,415	2,880	2,535
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	270	130	140	305	155	145
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	130	80	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	20,930	9,525	11,405	25,295	11,760	13,535
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,260	1,055	1,205	1,925	910	1,010
Vietnamese	18,660	8,470	10,190	23,350	10,840	12,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	48,715	18,475	30,240	115,405	50,190	65,210
Bikol	135	60	75	425	205	225
Cebuano	1,630	615	1,010	5,135	2,155	2,980
Fijian	15	5	5	125	75	50
Hiligaynon	850	310	540	1,500	640	855
Ilocano	3,985	1,605	2,375	5,350	2,310	3,040
Malagasy	5	5	0	35	10	25
Malay	1,390	625	770	1,460	615	845
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	285	120	165	765	370	390
Pangasinan	130	50	80	290	115	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	39,805	14,905	24,900	99,035	43,120	55,920
Waray-Waray	100	30	70	305	145	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	400	150	245	980	430	550
Creole languages	1,300	600	700	1,895	990	910
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	95	45	50
Creole, n.o.s.	760	350	410	1,175	640	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	525	240	280	625	305	325
Dravidian languages	32,065	15,745	16,320	13,490	7,075	6,415
Kannada	385	210	175	535	270	265
Malayalam	2,250	1,160	1,085	6,345	3,285	3,060
Tamil	27,640	13,390	14,250	4,430	2,360	2,070
Telugu	1,760	975	790	2,130	1,135	995
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	35	10	20	50	25	25
Hmong-Mien languages	10	5	5	105	55	45
Indo-European languages	408,835	195,915	212,920	442,685	220,330	222,355
Albanian	3,760	1,880	1,885	2,345	1,270	1,075
Armenian	6,545	3,180	3,365	500	250	245
Balto-Slavic languages	86,795	40,085	46,715	80,330	37,750	42,580
Baltic languages	1,265	525	740	1,010	475	535
Latvian	630	260	370	415	195	220
Lithuanian	635	270	365	600	285	315
Slavic languages	85,530	39,555	45,980	79,325	37,275	42,050
Belarusan	185	90	90	65	30	30
Bosnian	315	145	170	1,835	915	920
Bulgarian	1,955	945	1,005	1,545	790	755
Croatian	2,075	950	1,125	4,655	2,340	2,320
Czech	1,070	480	585	3,000	1,430	1,575
Macedonian	3,645	1,740	1,905	360	185	175
Polish	8,440	3,780	4,665	20,130	9,425	10,705
Russian	56,495	26,225	30,270	17,810	8,150	9,665
Serbian	3,950	1,985	1,965	4,020	2,035	1,985
Serbo-Croatian	445	220	230	970	480	485
Slovak	945	410	530	2,185	1,070	1,115
Slovene (Slovenian)	710	315	395	695	320	370
Ukrainian	5,170	2,200	2,970	21,835	9,985	11,850
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	60	70	215	120	100
Celtic languages	80	40	35	370	200	170
Scottish Gaelic	30	20	15	135	70	65
Welsh	35	15	20	175	85	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	65	40	25
Germanic languages	13,445	6,010	7,430	104,260	51,525	52,735
Afrikaans	240	100	135	3,010	1,475	1,535
Danish	425	195	230	2,380	1,245	1,135
Dutch	2,355	1,110	1,245	16,135	8,095	8,045
Frisian	35	15	15	360	200	160
German	7,940	3,500	4,440	80,050	39,435	40,615
Icelandic	20	10	10	115	55	60
Norwegian	75	40	45	815	370	445
Swedish	240	90	145	875	405	470
Vlaams (Flemish)	60	25	30	320	150	170
Yiddish	2,050	915	1,135	140	70	70
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	55	30	25
Greek	12,840	6,190	6,645	3,130	1,655	1,475
Indo-Iranian languages	132,055	65,685	66,370	166,805	85,250	81,560
Indo-Aryan languages	64,865	32,185	32,680	145,900	74,320	71,580
Bengali	4,440	2,250	2,190	7,000	3,630	3,370
Gujarati	13,205	6,510	6,690	13,140	6,785	6,355
Hindi	8,405	4,180	4,220	17,055	8,675	8,385
Kashmiri	60	35	30	105	60	50
Konkani	330	155	175	370	190	185
Marathi	870	430	435	1,510	775	730
Nepali	385	180	205	5,175	2,690	2,490
Oriya (Odia)	110	60	50	190	100	90
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,405	6,270	6,130	68,695	34,935	33,760
Sindhi	1,890	885	1,010	2,770	1,300	1,475
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,660	800	860	2,590	1,320	1,265
Urdu	21,110	10,430	10,680	27,295	13,865	13,430
Iranian languages	66,675	33,215	33,460	19,600	10,235	9,365
Kurdish	1,565	840	730	1,550	845	705
Pashto	1,100	570	535	2,560	1,320	1,235
Persian (Farsi)	64,005	31,810	32,195	15,490	8,070	7,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	515	285	230	1,310	695	615
Italic (Romance) languages	153,310	72,840	80,470	84,940	42,425	42,515
Catalan	35	15	20	75	30	45
Italian	77,645	36,930	40,710	11,375	5,760	5,615
Portuguese	21,640	10,455	11,185	9,050	4,380	4,670
Romanian	12,020	5,645	6,370	8,035	4,080	3,955
Spanish	41,885	19,750	22,135	56,370	28,160	28,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	35	20	15
Japanese	2,920	1,075	1,845	4,875	1,715	3,160
Kartvelian languages	830	460	370	230	130	105
Georgian	830	455	370	230	130	100
Korean	31,485	14,765	16,720	17,920	8,485	9,435
Mongolic languages	120	55	70	545	255	290
Mongolian	120	55	65	540	255	290
Niger-Congo languages	6,610	3,015	3,595	15,360	7,870	7,495
Akan (Twi)	2,410	1,030	1,380	1,755	915	835
Bamanankan	5	5	5	35	20	15
Edo	370	135	235	275	155	120
Ewe	105	50	60	245	145	100
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	80	45	35	230	120	100
Ga	80	35	45	145	80	65
Ganda	140	65	75	280	145	135
Igbo	430	220	215	1,165	625	540
Lingala	45	20	25	270	130	140
Rundi (Kirundi)	60	35	25	605	305	295
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	70	35	40	805	405	400
Shona	155	65	90	1,100	545	555
Swahili	905	425	480	2,380	1,160	1,215
Wolof	45	20	15	280	165	110
Yoruba	900	460	440	2,435	1,305	1,125
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	800	365	435	3,370	1,640	1,735
Nilo-Saharan languages	80	45	35	2,720	1,395	1,330
Dinka	15	10	10	1,345	705	640
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	1,375	685	690
Sign languages	280	160	120	830	440	390
American Sign Language	70	35	30	335	165	165
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	215	125	85	495	275	225
Sino-Tibetan languages	271,605	127,125	144,480	122,450	57,740	64,705
Chinese languages	270,895	126,780	144,115	120,375	56,675	63,700
Cantonese	135,735	63,780	71,955	59,145	27,755	31,385
Hakka	3,460	1,585	1,875	990	465	530
Mandarin	118,370	55,325	63,045	50,660	23,940	26,720
Min Dong	305	145	165	115	50	65
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,650	2,625	3,030	3,060	1,375	1,695
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,655	1,205	1,455	630	305	330
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,615	2,070	2,545	5,725	2,770	2,955
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	50	50	40	15	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	715	345	365	2,075	1,065	1,005
Burmese	285	130	155	430	230	200
Karenic languages	180	85	95	795	415	380
Tibetan	185	95	90	575	295	275
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	275	130	140
Tai-Kadai languages	1,715	730	980	2,670	955	1,710
Lao	1,230	590	635	1,020	485	535
Thai	470	140	340	1,630	465	1,165
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	20	10	15
Turkic languages	7,905	4,055	3,845	4,050	2,250	1,800
Azerbaijani	1,210	640	570	365	215	155
Turkish	6,130	3,155	2,985	3,140	1,760	1,375
Uyghur	70	35	40	130	70	60
Uzbek	275	135	135	205	115	90
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	220	100	120	215	95	120
Uralic languages	8,910	4,010	4,900	7,470	3,600	3,870
Estonian	770	305	465	190	90	105
Finnish	995	405	585	810	330	480
Hungarian	7,140	3,295	3,845	6,470	3,185	3,285
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	275	140	140	690	415	280
Multiple responses	68,405	32,705	35,700	92,070	44,900	47,175
English and French	3,575	1,645	1,930	10,230	4,950	5,280
English and non-official language	61,230	29,420	31,805	77,520	37,815	39,705
French and non-official language	1,685	770	915	2,685	1,375	1,305
English, French and non-official language	1,915	870	1,045	1,640	760	880
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,800,900	869,790	931,115	4,026,655	2,020,510	2,006,145
Single responses	1,629,215	788,290	840,925	3,837,615	1,928,230	1,909,385
Official languages	1,092,735	536,875	555,865	3,354,885	1,690,490	1,664,395
English	1,086,665	534,125	552,540	3,327,255	1,676,360	1,650,895
French	6,075	2,750	3,325	27,630	14,130	13,500
Non-official languages	536,475	251,415	285,060	482,725	237,740	244,990
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	9,970	4,940	5,020
Algonquian languages	15	5	5	7,175	3,575	3,605
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,110	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5,875	2,925	2,945
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	125	60	60
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	600	300	295
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,120	2,540	2,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	190	95	95
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	185	90	95
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	620	320	300
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	620	325	300
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	5	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	540	280	260
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	5	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,125	1,025	1,095
Dakota	0	0	0	175	85	85
Stoney	0	0	0	1,945	935	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	536,440	251,400	285,040	472,760	232,800	239,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	20,085	9,620	10,460	43,770	22,535	21,235
Berber languages	15	10	5	200	105	95
Kabyle	5	0	0	90	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	105	60	45
Cushitic languages	2,495	1,060	1,435	9,220	4,750	4,470
Bilen	35	20	20	280	160	115
Oromo	120	55	70	2,075	1,060	1,015
Somali	2,330	985	1,345	6,850	3,520	3,325
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	5	10
Semitic languages	17,530	8,535	9,000	34,310	17,660	16,655
Amharic	425	195	230	4,915	2,390	2,530
Arabic	9,985	4,815	5,170	24,230	12,555	11,675
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	2,335	1,115	1,225	260	130	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	435	220	220	95	50	40
Harari	70	30	35	165	80	85
Hebrew	3,545	1,830	1,715	460	235	225
Maltese	95	40	50	15	10	10
Tigrigna	480	215	270	3,955	2,095	1,860
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	155	70	85	210	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	14,085	6,365	7,720	16,355	7,635	8,715
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,320	580	740	960	460	500
Vietnamese	12,760	5,780	6,975	15,380	7,175	8,205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	23,320	9,700	13,620	60,860	28,765	32,100
Bikol	30	10	15	70	40	35
Cebuano	630	255	375	2,110	1,015	1,090
Fijian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	285	115	165	470	215	255
Ilocano	1,545	675	870	1,975	935	1,035
Malagasy	5	5	5	20	10	10
Malay	505	245	255	405	205	195
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	95	40	55	220	110	110
Pangasinan	15	5	5	45	20	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20,035	8,265	11,770	55,105	26,005	29,100
Waray-Waray	30	10	20	125	60	60
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	150	70	85	280	120	155
Creole languages	635	290	345	970	495	475
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	50	25	25
Creole, n.o.s.	420	185	230	655	345	310
Creole languages, n.i.e.	205	95	110	270	125	140
Dravidian languages	20,610	9,880	10,730	8,460	4,335	4,125
Kannada	130	60	65	210	105	105
Malayalam	1,030	535	495	4,060	2,070	1,990
Tamil	18,530	8,770	9,760	2,915	1,515	1,395
Telugu	925	515	410	1,245	635	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	30	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Indo-European languages	214,035	100,920	113,120	230,270	115,280	114,995
Albanian	1,735	860	875	1,060	570	485
Armenian	3,915	1,880	2,040	215	115	105
Balto-Slavic languages	50,710	23,690	27,020	30,220	14,820	15,400
Baltic languages	425	185	240	410	210	200
Latvian	200	85	115	165	85	80
Lithuanian	225	105	120	250	125	120
Slavic languages	50,285	23,505	26,780	29,815	14,610	15,205
Belarusan	70	35	35	15	10	5
Bosnian	140	65	80	785	400	385
Bulgarian	1,070	510	555	825	415	405
Croatian	610	280	330	1,800	905	895
Czech	295	135	155	875	440	430
Macedonian	1,250	570	680	175	90	85
Polish	3,210	1,480	1,725	7,705	3,675	4,030
Russian	38,565	18,075	20,490	10,145	4,965	5,175
Serbian	2,140	1,050	1,085	2,100	1,045	1,055
Serbo-Croatian	190	90	100	315	160	155
Slovak	300	130	170	710	345	365
Slovene (Slovenian)	165	75	90	150	70	75
Ukrainian	2,250	990	1,265	4,180	2,060	2,110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	15	20	55	30	25
Celtic languages	10	5	5	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	15	15	5
Welsh	0	0	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	5	0
Germanic languages	1,385	620	760	40,915	20,280	20,625
Afrikaans	55	20	30	1,705	835	875
Danish	25	10	15	150	75	75
Dutch	135	65	70	1,980	985	1,000
Frisian	0	0	0	60	30	30
German	970	435	535	36,295	18,010	18,290
Icelandic	5	0	5	30	15	15
Norwegian	10	10	0	60	20	35
Swedish	45	20	30	145	65	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Yiddish	140	70	70	15	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	425	215	210
Greek	4,630	2,150	2,485	1,015	490	525
Indo-Iranian languages	82,855	40,320	42,540	111,975	56,535	55,445
Indo-Aryan languages	35,685	17,340	18,345	98,610	49,790	48,815
Bengali	2,650	1,320	1,330	4,530	2,300	2,225
Gujarati	7,285	3,490	3,800	8,025	4,085	3,935
Hindi	4,055	1,995	2,065	9,945	5,115	4,825
Kashmiri	15	5	5	50	20	25
Konkani	70	35	35	75	40	40
Marathi	360	180	180	845	440	405
Nepali	220	110	115	3,710	1,905	1,805
Oriya (Odia)	45	25	20	95	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	7,040	3,480	3,570	51,010	25,720	25,295
Sindhi	685	310	375	1,240	575	665
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	755	360	395	1,480	750	730
Urdu	12,510	6,050	6,460	17,600	8,795	8,810
Iranian languages	46,955	22,865	24,085	12,720	6,415	6,305
Kurdish	870	465	400	850	440	410
Pashto	580	285	295	1,640	845	795
Persian (Farsi)	45,500	22,115	23,390	10,230	5,135	5,100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	220	115	105	650	325	325
Italic (Romance) languages	68,790	31,390	37,395	44,830	22,445	22,385
Catalan	20	15	10	35	10	20
Italian	28,130	12,125	16,010	2,840	1,275	1,560
Portuguese	9,845	4,810	5,035	3,905	1,875	2,030
Romanian	6,240	2,880	3,355	4,135	2,115	2,020
Spanish	24,530	11,555	12,970	33,910	17,160	16,755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	10	5	5
Japanese	1,505	675	835	2,245	945	1,300
Kartvelian languages	600	340	255	160	85	70
Georgian	600	345	255	160	85	70
Korean	23,295	11,015	12,275	12,775	6,205	6,570
Mongolic languages	65	35	35	335	160	175
Mongolian	70	35	30	335	155	175
Niger-Congo languages	2,645	1,135	1,510	5,600	2,725	2,875
Akan (Twi)	1,270	510	760	845	415	430
Bamanankan	0	0	5	10	10	0
Edo	110	35	75	70	35	35
Ewe	30	10	20	80	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	5	15	105	55	45
Ga	25	5	15	40	20	20
Ganda	35	15	25	95	50	50
Igbo	120	50	75	265	125	145
Lingala	10	10	5	85	35	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	10	280	135	145
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	10	350	175	170
Shona	50	20	30	410	190	225
Swahili	355	160	190	1,090	530	565
Wolof	20	10	10	170	95	75
Yoruba	290	155	135	690	340	350
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	245	105	135	1,015	485	535
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	15	15	1,525	765	755
Dinka	5	0	5	800	420	380
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	725	350	375
Sign languages	450	260	185	1,095	630	465
American Sign Language	115	60	60	325	170	155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	330	200	130	765	455	310
Sino-Tibetan languages	206,185	96,865	109,315	82,380	39,230	43,155
Chinese languages	205,745	96,655	109,090	80,880	38,455	42,420
Cantonese	102,370	47,565	54,805	38,275	17,810	20,460
Hakka	1,425	650	775	315	135	185
Mandarin	94,720	45,095	49,625	37,125	18,030	19,095
Min Dong	90	35	50	20	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,555	1,165	1,390	1,245	540	705
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,555	745	815	340	175	165
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,980	1,370	1,610	3,550	1,760	1,785
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	445	215	225	1,500	770	730
Burmese	150	70	75	280	145	130
Karenic languages	140	65	75	665	340	320
Tibetan	125	65	65	420	220	200
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	140	65	75
Tai-Kadai languages	795	380	415	1,130	505	625
Lao	625	305	320	465	215	245
Thai	165	70	90	655	285	370
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	10	5	10
Turkic languages	4,600	2,305	2,300	2,390	1,270	1,120
Azerbaijani	520	265	255	155	90	75
Turkish	3,830	1,905	1,925	1,945	1,030	915
Uyghur	40	15	20	80	45	40
Uzbek	140	75	60	135	70	65
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	70	35	25
Uralic languages	3,410	1,555	1,860	2,130	1,040	1,085
Estonian	190	70	120	25	10	15
Finnish	240	95	140	105	50	50
Hungarian	2,985	1,385	1,595	1,995	980	1,015
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	90	40	45	240	140	95
Multiple responses	171,685	81,500	90,185	189,040	92,280	96,760
English and French	3,080	1,435	1,645	6,885	3,410	3,475
English and non-official language	164,840	78,440	86,400	178,070	86,895	91,170
French and non-official language	610	260	355	1,125	540	580
English, French and non-official language	3,150	1,370	1,780	2,965	1,430	1,530
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,800,900	869,790	931,110	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
None	1,329,940	645,795	684,145	3,492,295	1,760,240	1,732,055
English	211,390	102,205	109,190	221,305	110,655	110,650
French	12,190	5,150	7,045	41,840	19,470	22,375
Non-official language	238,880	112,815	126,065	262,255	125,640	136,615
Aboriginal	85	35	50	17,430	8,325	9,105
Non-Aboriginal	238,795	112,775	126,015	244,825	117,315	127,510
English and French	1,330	595	730	1,535	775	760
English and non-official language	4,640	2,195	2,450	4,545	2,345	2,195
French and non-official language	2,445	1,000	1,440	2,795	1,340	1,455
English, French and non-official language	85	35	50	85	50	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,493,490	712,570	780,915	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,416,575	675,230	741,345	3,053,470	1,528,275	1,525,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,542	35,844	26,893	42,717	54,891	33,213
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,416,820	675,300	741,520	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,295	32,590	25,279	38,067	47,131	30,478
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,253,955	611,705	642,250	2,839,590	1,458,560	1,381,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,053	37,213	26,281	42,330	54,528	32,099
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,026,600	446,620	579,985	1,785,065	711,210	1,073,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,161	1,032	3,652	4,093	3,834	4,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,037,875	522,045	515,825	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,030
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,800	39,154	29,545	42,679	54,361	32,982
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,493,515	712,525	780,990	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,416,355	675,160	741,200	3,054,555	1,528,100	1,526,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,434	56,258	39,397	62,778	80,001	45,535
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,416,580	675,210	741,370	3,055,230	1,528,240	1,526,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,647	44,575	33,247	50,683	62,938	38,417
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,253,480	611,915	641,565	2,840,675	1,458,210	1,382,465
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,402	58,003	39,245	62,997	80,282	44,766
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,027,260	447,350	579,910	1,784,345	710,105	1,074,240
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,340	5,565	6,937	7,175	7,298	7,093
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,037,950	522,500	515,455	2,473,665	1,299,805	1,173,855
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,836	57,316	40,241	59,343	74,073	43,031
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,493,520	712,525	780,990	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	492,370	272,960	219,415	1,152,385	669,770	482,615
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,279	61,573	51,061	64,090	73,781	53,836
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	71,192	79,491	60,868	81,586	94,822	63,218
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.3	93.4	86.2	93.3	95.8	89.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	75.5	79.0	70.9	76.5	78.9	72.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.7	6.6	13.8	6.7	4.2	10.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,493,485	712,570	780,920	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without total income	76,915	37,340	39,575	152,585	74,410	78,170
With total income	1,416,570	675,230	741,340	3,053,470	1,528,280	1,525,190
Percentage with total income	94.8	94.8	94.9	95.2	95.4	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	262,455	117,165	145,290	389,580	146,450	243,130
$10,000 to $19,999	256,520	107,075	149,440	385,235	147,125	238,110
$20,000 to $29,999	180,470	76,580	103,890	364,915	142,810	222,105
$30,000 to $39,999	138,950	61,410	77,540	305,680	131,185	174,490
$40,000 to $49,999	120,755	55,170	65,580	286,615	133,715	152,900
$50,000 to $59,999	95,470	46,260	49,210	247,830	124,720	123,115
$60,000 to $69,999	75,885	39,270	36,615	205,840	114,405	91,430
$70,000 to $79,999	60,300	33,000	27,300	165,640	99,645	65,995
$80,000 to $89,999	49,445	28,110	21,335	132,720	82,700	50,020
$90,000 to $99,999	43,585	23,385	20,195	114,010	70,655	43,350
$100,000 and over	132,740	87,795	44,950	455,410	334,865	120,550
$100,000 to $149,999	85,705	54,070	31,635	274,185	191,710	82,475
$150,000 and over	47,045	33,730	13,315	181,225	143,150	38,075
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,493,490	712,570	780,915	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,365
Without after-tax income	76,665	37,270	39,395	151,915	74,270	77,645
With after-tax income	1,416,820	675,295	741,520	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Percentage with after-tax income	94.9	94.8	95.0	95.3	95.4	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	267,115	118,745	148,375	399,005	149,280	249,725
$10,000 to $19,999	266,415	111,655	154,760	402,780	154,330	248,450
$20,000 to $29,999	204,785	87,565	117,220	420,955	166,650	254,300
$30,000 to $39,999	164,580	74,060	90,515	377,590	169,665	207,925
$40,000 to $49,999	138,440	65,895	72,550	347,960	172,595	175,365
$50,000 to $59,999	102,720	52,900	49,825	276,970	153,985	122,985
$60,000 to $69,999	77,240	43,085	34,155	208,265	127,045	81,220
$70,000 to $79,999	61,845	34,335	27,505	160,580	100,970	59,610
$80,000 and over	133,675	87,060	46,610	460,030	333,895	126,140
$80,000 to $89,999	42,155	24,495	17,660	121,015	78,400	42,620
$90,000 to $99,999	25,145	16,070	9,075	82,020	57,375	24,645
$100,000 and over	66,375	46,500	19,880	257,000	198,120	58,875
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,493,485	712,570	780,915	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without employment income	455,615	190,525	265,085	732,385	301,060	431,330
With employment income	1,037,875	522,045	515,830	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,035
Percentage with employment income	69.5	73.3	66.1	77.2	81.2	73.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	131,925	61,110	70,815	273,835	122,830	151,005
$5,000 to $9,999	89,040	40,055	48,990	164,095	68,100	95,990
$10,000 to $19,999	146,040	67,695	78,345	274,105	113,680	160,430
$20,000 to $29,999	112,310	50,040	62,270	235,620	96,855	138,760
$30,000 to $39,999	100,145	45,650	54,500	227,450	100,650	126,805
$40,000 to $49,999	90,505	42,345	48,160	219,155	103,680	115,475
$50,000 to $59,999	73,600	37,030	36,570	195,145	99,285	95,860
$60,000 to $69,999	59,630	31,785	27,845	163,465	92,950	70,515
$70,000 to $79,999	48,545	27,540	21,010	135,150	83,240	51,910
$80,000 and over	186,130	118,805	67,325	585,640	420,365	165,280
$80,000 to $89,999	41,440	24,175	17,270	111,045	71,210	39,835
$90,000 to $99,999	38,935	20,770	18,165	99,785	62,305	37,480
$100,000 and over	105,750	73,855	31,895	374,815	286,855	87,960
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	626,215	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,224	...	...	93,835	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,573	...	...	80,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	123,190	...	...	366,080	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,221	...	...	47,948	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,568	...	...	41,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	503,025	...	...	1,161,600	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,156	...	...	111,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,408	...	...	94,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	626,190	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,290	...	...	125,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,427	...	...	101,361	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	123,225	...	...	365,000	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,797	...	...	64,341	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,176	...	...	52,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	502,965	...	...	1,162,675	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	120,885	...	...	144,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,514	...	...	116,821	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	626,215	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	14,310	...	...	21,660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	8,460	...	...	13,555	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	12,990	...	...	18,070	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20,925	...	...	33,045	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	21,200	...	...	51,505	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	22,825	...	...	38,615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	23,260	...	...	42,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	23,310	...	...	46,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	22,680	...	...	46,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	22,230	...	...	46,825	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	42,725	...	...	95,425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	39,910	...	...	95,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	37,445	...	...	92,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	34,770	...	...	88,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	32,620	...	...	84,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	246,555	...	...	712,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	67,600	...	...	184,595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50,775	...	...	142,910	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	62,940	...	...	181,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	65,235	...	...	202,745	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	626,215	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	15,240	...	...	23,395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	8,570	...	...	13,860	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	13,210	...	...	18,600	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	21,670	...	...	34,540	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	23,125	...	...	55,010	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	24,785	...	...	44,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	26,030	...	...	50,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	26,725	...	...	55,645	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	27,215	...	...	57,695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	26,480	...	...	59,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50,790	...	...	119,200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	46,765	...	...	116,250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	43,970	...	...	112,675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	39,940	...	...	106,235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35,075	...	...	95,600	...	...
$100,000 and over	196,630	...	...	565,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	69,500	...	...	192,795	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	46,755	...	...	132,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	80,375	...	...	240,305	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	491,580	...	...	1,099,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,440	...	...	109,997	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,737	...	...	93,588	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	127,335	...	...	407,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,542	...	...	101,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,736	...	...	86,043	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	268,685	...	...	511,375	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,605	...	...	133,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,783	...	...	111,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	78,700	...	...	146,045	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,293	...	...	62,909	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,291	...	...	57,079	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	491,490	...	...	1,101,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	120,642	...	...	144,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,134	...	...	116,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	127,265	...	...	408,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	107,626	...	...	137,805	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,054	...	...	110,236	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	268,705	...	...	512,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	142,725	...	...	169,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,594	...	...	135,623	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	78,290	...	...	145,115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,843	...	...	80,406	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,134	...	...	68,470	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	179,230	80,900	98,330	577,475	308,835	268,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	30,130	32,017	28,881	42,598	47,903	37,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	27,870	29,276	27,017	37,648	41,340	33,785
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	178,520	80,400	98,120	573,385	306,195	267,190
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	44,194	46,839	42,027	56,856	63,468	49,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	36,489	37,996	35,254	46,559	50,990	41,481
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,796,685	868,275	928,405	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,650
In the bottom half of the distribution	849,470	399,865	449,605	1,527,695	739,210	788,485
In the bottom decile	201,555	95,870	105,685	293,490	143,880	149,605
In the second decile	176,880	80,505	96,375	278,635	128,055	150,575
In the third decile	162,435	75,965	86,475	297,695	142,090	155,605
In the fourth decile	153,955	73,165	80,790	315,570	154,815	160,760
In the fifth decile	154,645	74,360	80,280	342,305	170,375	171,935
In the top half of the distribution	947,210	468,410	478,805	2,450,450	1,259,285	1,191,160
In the sixth decile	159,825	77,740	82,085	366,250	183,860	182,390
In the seventh decile	167,865	82,050	85,815	397,275	201,465	195,810
In the eighth decile	183,000	90,340	92,660	443,585	227,385	216,200
In the ninth decile	205,620	102,165	103,460	522,545	268,995	253,555
In the top decile	230,900	116,115	114,780	720,795	377,585	343,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,796,420	868,155	928,265	3,925,220	1,971,735	1,953,485
0 to 17 years	371,425	190,860	180,565	893,255	458,330	434,925
0 to 5 years	113,190	57,900	55,290	310,080	158,825	151,260
18 to 64 years	1,158,775	556,340	602,435	2,580,730	1,298,440	1,282,295
65 years and over	266,220	120,960	145,265	451,235	214,965	236,265
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	282,960	132,315	150,645	363,890	171,945	191,940
0 to 17 years	71,260	36,965	34,300	114,215	58,665	55,555
0 to 5 years	22,340	11,610	10,730	41,755	21,350	20,400
18 to 64 years	174,765	80,520	94,240	210,870	98,415	112,455
65 years and over	36,935	14,825	22,105	38,800	14,875	23,925
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.8	15.2	16.2	9.3	8.7	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	19.2	19.4	19.0	12.8	12.8	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	19.7	20.1	19.4	13.5	13.4	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	15.1	14.5	15.6	8.2	7.6	8.8
65 years and over (%)	13.9	12.3	15.2	8.6	6.9	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	224,640	105,990	118,655	273,515	134,180	139,335
0 to 17 years	53,810	27,930	25,875	76,930	39,385	37,550
0 to 5 years	16,815	8,750	8,070	28,190	14,420	13,770
18 to 64 years	148,180	69,440	78,740	181,805	88,715	93,095
65 years and over	22,660	8,625	14,035	14,780	6,085	8,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.5	12.2	12.8	7.0	6.8	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.5	14.6	14.3	8.6	8.6	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	14.9	15.1	14.6	9.1	9.1	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	12.5	13.1	7.0	6.8	7.3
65 years and over (%)	8.5	7.1	9.7	3.3	2.8	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,796,700	868,350	928,355	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Official languages	1,700,140	829,580	870,560	3,920,530	1,974,435	1,946,095
English	1,698,965	829,055	869,905	3,916,805	1,972,800	1,944,005
French	118,690	50,275	68,420	264,600	123,940	140,660
Non-official languages	1,066,325	503,280	563,040	1,082,425	527,770	554,655
Aboriginal languages	210	75	135	36,465	17,415	19,045
Algonquian languages	190	70	120	29,675	14,120	15,555
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,575	2,665	2,905
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	20	23,465	11,155	12,310
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	25	0	15
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	90	20	70
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,580	620	965
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	45	25	25
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	10	20,665	9,990	10,675
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	35	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	35	15	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	160	65	100	955	425	530
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway	155	60	100	925	415	505
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	2,640	1,255	1,385
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	2,630	1,250	1,380
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	85	50	35
Carrier	0	0	0	45	10	35
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dene	0	0	0	2,010	975	1,035
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	75	30	45
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	285	140	145
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	190	90	100
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	45
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	135	50	80
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	60	20	35
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	40	25	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	25	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	145	75	70
Salish languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,050	2,005	2,045
Dakota	0	0	0	530	285	245
Stoney	0	0	0	3,650	1,790	1,855
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	35	15	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,066,125	503,215	562,915	1,046,245	510,495	535,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	67,860	33,795	34,065	96,210	50,675	45,535
Berber languages	50	25	25	540	335	205
Kabyle	10	0	0	225	125	90
Berber languages, n.i.e.	45	30	15	315	210	110
Cushitic languages	5,695	2,510	3,185	15,445	8,055	7,385
Bilen	45	30	15	370	235	135
Oromo	450	185	260	3,125	1,625	1,500
Somali	5,230	2,290	2,940	12,030	6,240	5,795
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	20	40
Semitic languages	62,425	31,410	31,015	82,200	43,405	38,800
Amharic	1,610	815	790	10,870	5,595	5,275
Arabic	30,465	15,340	15,125	62,730	33,365	29,370
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	4,255	2,025	2,230	430	225	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	690	370	330	150	70	75
Harari	140	70	65	340	150	185
Hebrew	26,260	13,325	12,930	3,250	1,650	1,600
Maltese	725	360	370	145	85	55
Tigrigna	1,210	575	630	7,315	3,915	3,400
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	325	135	190	450	250	205
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	80	55	25	375	225	145
Austro-Asiatic languages	28,380	12,985	15,395	32,730	15,440	17,290
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,285	1,495	1,790	2,700	1,375	1,330
Vietnamese	25,300	11,595	13,705	30,150	14,130	16,015
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	62,725	23,760	38,970	145,745	63,615	82,130
Bikol	175	80	95	330	150	180
Cebuano	2,330	880	1,450	6,690	2,940	3,750
Fijian	15	10	10	340	195	145
Hiligaynon	855	330	530	1,760	745	1,020
Ilocano	5,160	2,070	3,090	7,370	3,160	4,215
Malagasy	30	20	0	80	40	40
Malay	2,065	950	1,115	3,040	1,435	1,610
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	435	205	230	1,185	565	625
Pangasinan	150	50	100	445	190	250
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	58,710	22,060	36,650	138,440	60,115	78,325
Waray-Waray	145	45	100	420	170	245
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	570	220	350	1,160	505	650
Creole languages	4,085	1,890	2,195	4,585	2,390	2,195
Haitian Creole	90	40	50	255	140	115
Creole, n.o.s.	2,110	955	1,150	2,675	1,425	1,250
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,930	910	1,025	1,680	840	850
Dravidian languages	41,895	20,705	21,190	18,190	9,660	8,525
Kannada	670	325	340	1,035	520	515
Malayalam	3,080	1,525	1,550	8,150	4,255	3,900
Tamil	36,370	17,825	18,545	7,195	3,900	3,295
Telugu	2,650	1,465	1,180	2,910	1,560	1,345
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	55	20	35	150	80	70
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	115	55	55
Indo-European languages	517,940	249,200	268,735	550,490	274,510	275,980
Albanian	4,210	2,065	2,150	2,880	1,550	1,325
Armenian	7,735	3,715	4,020	530	255	275
Balto-Slavic languages	99,725	46,570	53,150	93,150	44,750	48,395
Baltic languages	1,675	715	965	1,360	660	705
Latvian	935	400	535	590	300	290
Lithuanian	745	310	435	775	360	415
Slavic languages	98,890	46,270	52,625	92,300	44,340	47,960
Belarusan	490	260	230	200	95	105
Bosnian	450	195	255	2,880	1,450	1,435
Bulgarian	2,325	1,120	1,200	1,795	945	850
Croatian	3,335	1,560	1,770	6,280	3,260	3,025
Czech	1,415	665	750	3,590	1,650	1,940
Macedonian	5,340	2,585	2,755	535	270	265
Polish	10,215	4,715	5,495	23,650	11,455	12,195
Russian	69,100	32,300	36,800	27,375	13,195	14,175
Serbian	4,965	2,565	2,390	5,355	2,630	2,730
Serbo-Croatian	530	265	265	1,095	550	540
Slovak	1,175	495	680	2,780	1,495	1,285
Slovene (Slovenian)	960	430	530	735	360	375
Ukrainian	9,500	4,200	5,300	26,600	11,980	14,620
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	80	55	250	120	130
Celtic languages	245	120	120	1,180	615	560
Scottish Gaelic	135	60	70	440	215	225
Welsh	55	30	25	315	180	130
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	450	220	225
Germanic languages	23,740	10,915	12,830	112,670	56,325	56,345
Afrikaans	1,620	785	835	5,165	2,655	2,515
Danish	505	215	290	2,800	1,360	1,440
Dutch	3,320	1,465	1,850	19,480	9,595	9,890
Frisian	55	20	35	475	275	205
German	14,355	6,695	7,655	83,010	41,905	41,105
Icelandic	10	0	10	160	70	95
Norwegian	245	125	120	1,450	635	810
Swedish	575	230	345	1,635	800	835
Vlaams (Flemish)	70	30	40	380	170	215
Yiddish	3,645	1,675	1,970	250	130	115
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	2,115	1,095	1,015
Greek	19,395	9,415	9,985	4,935	2,535	2,400
Indo-Iranian languages	168,465	83,825	84,640	206,725	106,045	100,675
Indo-Aryan languages	92,090	46,115	45,970	186,005	95,045	90,960
Bengali	5,885	2,935	2,950	8,530	4,385	4,140
Gujarati	18,690	9,115	9,570	18,005	8,945	9,055
Hindi	32,555	16,475	16,080	61,290	31,900	29,385
Kashmiri	75	40	35	125	80	45
Konkani	635	295	350	625	300	320
Marathi	1,625	865	755	2,575	1,385	1,195
Nepali	555	280	270	5,510	3,000	2,510
Oriya (Odia)	200	90	110	255	135	120
Punjabi (Panjabi)	22,205	11,470	10,735	90,485	46,350	44,135
Sindhi	3,025	1,370	1,655	4,595	2,065	2,530
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,240	1,650	1,590	3,800	1,925	1,875
Urdu	32,575	16,290	16,290	41,235	21,245	20,000
Iranian languages	77,160	38,105	39,060	22,140	11,665	10,475
Kurdish	2,320	1,225	1,095	1,930	1,100	825
Pashto	1,640	910	730	3,330	1,795	1,530
Persian (Farsi)	74,640	36,790	37,850	17,600	9,220	8,375
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	890	470	420	1,760	960	805
Italic (Romance) languages	207,205	98,740	108,470	142,340	69,885	72,450
Catalan	60	35	25	170	95	80
Italian	108,530	51,815	56,715	19,900	9,875	10,020
Portuguese	28,410	13,735	14,665	12,670	6,255	6,415
Romanian	14,165	6,665	7,495	9,915	5,185	4,735
Spanish	63,405	29,945	33,455	104,445	50,960	53,490
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	270	105	160	250	130	125
Japanese	5,585	2,435	3,150	9,215	4,115	5,100
Kartvelian languages	1,100	565	535	225	130	100
Georgian	1,100	570	530	230	130	100
Korean	35,740	17,200	18,535	19,950	9,405	10,545
Mongolic languages	95	25	65	800	375	430
Mongolian	95	20	70	800	370	430
Niger-Congo languages	12,710	6,060	6,650	29,430	14,980	14,450
Akan (Twi)	4,015	1,805	2,210	2,925	1,505	1,420
Bamanankan	60	35	25	60	30	30
Edo	635	245	395	620	325	290
Ewe	110	60	50	335	170	165
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	90	45	50	300	165	135
Ga	175	70	110	345	190	155
Ganda	155	95	60	610	305	305
Igbo	845	420	425	2,550	1,345	1,210
Lingala	260	115	145	1,240	640	605
Rundi (Kirundi)	110	65	50	830	420	410
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	105	45	55	1,155	605	550
Shona	285	115	175	1,810	850	960
Swahili	2,940	1,505	1,435	6,700	3,470	3,235
Wolof	115	55	55	600	365	235
Yoruba	1,840	945	890	5,930	3,035	2,890
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,585	740	845	6,585	3,265	3,320
Nilo-Saharan languages	115	65	50	3,070	1,495	1,575
Dinka	30	25	0	1,655	825	825
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	85	40	45	1,425	675	750
Sign languages	1,410	585	825	5,910	2,350	3,555
American Sign Language	740	275	460	3,085	1,130	1,955
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	680	310	375	2,855	1,230	1,625
Sino-Tibetan languages	305,515	143,780	161,735	141,860	67,945	73,915
Chinese languages	304,815	143,480	161,330	139,385	66,700	72,685
Cantonese	168,995	79,105	89,885	74,770	35,490	39,280
Hakka	3,990	1,780	2,210	1,180	515	660
Mandarin	165,165	76,730	88,435	70,510	33,310	37,195
Min Dong	205	70	135	85	50	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	6,690	3,005	3,690	4,140	1,765	2,380
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,630	1,755	1,875	855	380	470
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,895	2,205	2,685	6,335	3,160	3,175
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	50	35	55	25	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	815	355	455	2,590	1,290	1,300
Burmese	380	155	225	605	305	295
Karenic languages	185	85	100	805	415	390
Tibetan	145	60	85	860	430	430
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	445	215	235
Tai-Kadai languages	1,990	830	1,160	3,705	1,510	2,195
Lao	1,395	645	750	1,520	730	795
Thai	715	250	470	2,400	850	1,545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	45	25	25
Turkic languages	12,135	6,070	6,070	5,795	3,180	2,625
Azerbaijani	1,990	1,015	975	630	325	300
Turkish	9,790	4,865	4,930	4,255	2,420	1,835
Uyghur	70	25	50	290	135	155
Uzbek	385	215	170	425	200	225
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	275	130	145	355	170	180
Uralic languages	10,465	4,815	5,645	8,895	4,315	4,575
Estonian	930	400	525	185	85	105
Finnish	1,180	495	690	1,045	455	590
Hungarian	8,375	3,920	4,455	7,660	3,770	3,890
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	595	295	295	1,820	1,025	790
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,796,695	868,350	928,355	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,562,930	760,220	802,710	3,622,740	1,825,135	1,797,600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	342,255	175,825	166,435	854,815	439,065	415,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,220,675	584,395	636,275	2,767,920	1,386,070	1,381,850
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	233,770	108,125	125,640	355,410	173,365	182,045
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,796,700	868,350	928,355	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	869,225	436,930	432,300	3,062,775	1,550,445	1,512,335
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	884,690	411,225	473,460	845,220	412,320	432,895
Before 1981	196,630	92,160	104,475	163,460	81,620	81,840
1981 to 1990	121,455	58,015	63,435	86,350	41,690	44,660
1991 to 2000	219,355	101,540	117,815	131,560	62,930	68,630
2001 to 2010	231,175	106,250	124,930	256,055	125,235	130,820
2001 to 2005	121,865	56,680	65,185	109,145	53,425	55,720
2006 to 2010	109,315	49,570	59,740	146,910	71,810	75,100
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	116,075	53,255	62,815	207,790	100,845	106,945
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	42,785	20,195	22,590	70,155	35,735	34,420
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	884,690	411,225	473,465	845,220	412,320	432,895
Under 5 years	68,240	33,995	34,245	82,175	42,200	39,975
5 to 14 years	143,790	72,095	71,695	149,815	77,820	71,995
15 to 24 years	189,835	85,670	104,165	168,965	78,215	90,755
25 to 44 years	383,025	174,945	208,080	372,805	180,265	192,535
45 years and over	99,795	44,520	55,280	71,450	33,820	37,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	884,685	411,225	473,460	845,215	412,325	432,895
Americas	104,410	46,085	58,325	103,540	49,345	54,190
Brazil	3,050	1,450	1,605	2,545	1,100	1,440
Colombia	5,650	2,640	3,010	9,535	4,570	4,960
El Salvador	3,845	1,855	1,985	7,255	3,725	3,530
Guyana	14,895	6,515	8,380	2,555	1,200	1,355
Haiti	465	230	235	1,270	675	600
Jamaica	23,195	9,545	13,650	6,845	3,170	3,680
Mexico	2,930	1,270	1,655	15,665	7,860	7,805
Peru	2,370	1,045	1,325	1,920	780	1,140
Trinidad and Tobago	7,595	3,415	4,170	3,415	1,670	1,750
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	11,840	5,465	6,370	30,460	13,675	16,785
Other places of birth in Americas	28,585	12,650	15,930	22,075	10,925	11,150
Europe	203,855	95,795	108,060	189,770	95,355	94,415
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,565	775	790	4,555	2,325	2,230
Croatia	1,700	770	930	3,080	1,615	1,465
France	1,575	740	830	2,535	1,215	1,320
Germany	6,365	2,840	3,520	19,205	9,485	9,715
Greece	8,680	4,315	4,365	2,005	1,115	890
Hungary	4,475	2,015	2,455	3,665	1,880	1,785
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,330	630	705	3,935	2,100	1,835
Italy	53,355	25,700	27,655	8,110	4,370	3,745
Netherlands	2,220	1,080	1,140	14,035	7,420	6,610
Poland	7,710	3,350	4,360	16,925	8,045	8,880
Portugal	13,970	6,780	7,185	4,050	1,985	2,070
Romania	11,845	5,510	6,335	7,725	3,930	3,795
Russian Federation	21,720	9,520	12,200	7,260	3,135	4,125
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	2,760	1,295	1,470	2,255	1,080	1,170
Ukraine	15,960	7,340	8,615	8,150	3,700	4,455
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	22,865	10,750	12,110	59,215	30,280	28,935
Other places of birth in Europe	25,775	12,375	13,400	23,060	11,670	11,390
Africa	42,890	20,505	22,385	89,740	46,705	43,030
Algeria	220	100	120	1,340	715	625
Egypt	6,405	3,220	3,185	5,320	2,940	2,375
Ethiopia	1,710	800	915	10,570	5,355	5,215
Kenya	3,330	1,585	1,745	5,120	2,555	2,565
Morocco	1,680	830	845	1,695	1,005	695
Nigeria	4,110	1,970	2,140	12,405	6,520	5,880
Somalia	2,965	1,160	1,810	7,060	3,665	3,395
South Africa, Republic of	5,275	2,545	2,730	7,355	3,670	3,685
Other places of birth in Africa	17,185	8,285	8,900	38,865	20,275	18,590
Asia	532,065	248,140	283,925	452,225	215,955	236,265
Afghanistan	6,895	3,515	3,380	5,190	2,765	2,430
Bangladesh	3,650	1,860	1,785	5,085	2,590	2,500
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	135,405	61,980	73,425	57,690	26,510	31,185
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	63,580	30,005	33,570	19,110	9,265	9,850
India	42,315	20,900	21,415	91,660	46,625	45,035
IranCensus data footnote 61	56,575	27,830	28,745	8,910	4,655	4,250
Iraq	8,755	4,305	4,445	5,935	3,205	2,730
Japan	1,750	590	1,165	3,065	905	2,160
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	25,925	12,465	13,465	13,850	6,530	7,320
Lebanon	4,215	2,130	2,090	10,395	5,640	4,750
Pakistan	19,280	9,485	9,790	28,075	14,630	13,445
Philippines	56,920	22,230	34,690	123,830	54,075	69,755
Sri Lanka	25,120	12,195	12,930	4,835	2,475	2,365
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,945	1,440	1,505	4,800	2,515	2,280
Taiwan	7,945	3,475	4,465	3,455	1,460	2,000
Viet Nam	24,125	10,820	13,300	27,080	12,645	14,435
Other places of birth in Asia	46,665	22,915	23,750	39,250	19,485	19,765
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	1,465	695	765	9,940	4,950	4,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	116,070	53,260	62,815	207,790	100,845	106,945
Americas	11,085	5,130	5,950	20,060	9,660	10,400
Brazil	750	335	415	860	370	490
Colombia	740	335	400	2,295	1,020	1,275
Cuba	365	155	205	465	215	255
Haiti	120	70	45	385	240	150
Jamaica	1,680	865	815	1,660	765	895
Mexico	765	385	385	4,405	2,250	2,150
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,915	1,000	915	4,645	2,130	2,515
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	340	130	205	1,570	745	820
Other places of birth in Americas	4,420	1,850	2,570	3,785	1,930	1,855
Europe	9,400	4,375	5,030	20,870	10,830	10,045
France	195	95	95	425	240	180
Germany	210	110	100	1,370	710	655
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	120	75	40	1,355	835	520
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	615	280	335	715	365	350
Romania	625	230	400	1,100	545	555
Russian Federation	2,060	765	1,290	1,235	430	805
Ukraine	1,545	740	810	2,340	1,060	1,280
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	695	445	255	6,225	3,570	2,650
Other places of birth in Europe	3,335	1,625	1,705	6,100	3,065	3,040
Africa	5,685	2,755	2,930	27,770	14,165	13,610
Algeria	45	25	20	255	115	135
Cameroon	275	115	160	1,055	515	545
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	60	40	20	805	365	440
Côte d'Ivoire	85	40	45	420	210	210
Egypt	1,195	565	630	1,940	1,045	895
Eritrea	225	115	115	2,390	1,335	1,055
Ethiopia	180	70	115	3,445	1,670	1,780
Morocco	70	25	45	515	265	250
Nigeria	1,240	575	665	6,110	3,200	2,910
Somalia	340	180	165	2,120	1,110	1,010
South Africa, Republic of	260	140	125	1,590	800	785
Tunisia	40	20	15	255	135	125
Other places of birth in Africa	1,665	850	815	6,870	3,400	3,470
Asia	89,705	40,880	48,820	137,110	65,055	72,050
Afghanistan	1,055	550	505	810	435	375
Bangladesh	780	375	405	1,355	635	715
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	28,025	12,560	15,470	10,525	4,700	5,825
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,235	485	750	750	305	450
India	6,405	3,265	3,140	28,820	14,915	13,900
IranCensus data footnote 61	14,950	7,195	7,760	3,265	1,665	1,600
Iraq	1,935	935	1,000	2,010	1,045	960
Israel	1,170	640	535	480	250	230
Japan	260	65	190	665	195	475
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,925	1,415	1,510	3,840	1,710	2,125
Lebanon	340	185	155	1,470	755	710
Nepal	155	85	70	2,615	1,380	1,240
Pakistan	3,615	1,695	1,920	6,910	3,420	3,490
Philippines	17,645	7,090	10,550	59,390	26,960	32,435
Saudi Arabia	385	210	170	820	435	385
Sri Lanka	1,485	675	805	1,345	650	695
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,530	795	740	3,340	1,705	1,630
Taiwan	330	130	200	505	165	340
Turkey	710	355	355	390	215	180
United Arab Emirates	545	300	245	810	430	375
Viet Nam	1,025	400	625	2,040	795	1,240
Other places of birth in Asia	3,185	1,475	1,705	4,965	2,285	2,680
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	200	120	80	1,980	1,135	845
Australia	130	75	55	1,065	600	465
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	70	45	30	915	535	375
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,796,700	868,345	928,355	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,650
First generationCensus data footnote 69	935,835	435,735	500,105	938,500	460,015	478,480
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	507,045	256,170	250,880	742,455	374,065	368,390
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	353,820	176,450	177,370	2,297,195	1,164,420	1,132,775
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	699,850	324,695	375,160	694,945	337,380	357,565
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	385,055	186,560	198,495	387,275	195,845	191,430
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	152,300	91,690	60,610	154,700	96,855	57,850
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	232,755	94,870	137,885	232,570	98,990	133,575
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	205,060	81,455	123,605	198,575	81,650	116,920
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	98,645	51,745	46,900	103,785	57,130	46,650
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	11,095	4,930	6,155	5,320	2,745	2,570
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,796,700	868,345	928,355	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	10,530	4,890	5,640	258,640	125,445	133,195
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	9,900	4,555	5,340	253,460	123,115	130,340
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	6,190	2,870	3,315	136,585	65,755	70,835
Métis	3,540	1,615	1,930	114,370	56,170	58,200
Inuk (Inuit)	170	75	100	2,500	1,195	1,305
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	240	125	120	2,905	1,350	1,555
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	390	210	185	2,280	975	1,300
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,786,170	863,455	922,715	3,719,505	1,873,055	1,846,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,796,700	868,350	928,355	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	3,520	1,615	1,905	123,235	59,065	64,170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,793,180	866,730	926,445	3,854,915	1,939,430	1,915,475
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,796,700	868,345	928,355	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	1,710	760	955	103,600	50,680	52,915
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	1,675	740	935	99,940	48,860	51,070
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	1,275	575	700	81,685	39,815	41,870
Métis single ancestry	370	150	220	17,515	8,690	8,820
Inuit single ancestry	25	10	20	735	355	380
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	45	25	15	3,665	1,820	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	25	15	3,490	1,725	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	105	55	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	50	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	15,425	7,380	8,045	200,215	97,055	103,160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	15,095	7,210	7,885	189,830	92,295	97,530
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,475	5,580	5,890	104,875	50,595	54,280
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,430	1,555	1,880	82,585	40,530	42,060
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	185	70	115	2,365	1,170	1,195
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	335	170	160	10,385	4,760	5,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	275	130	145	9,760	4,465	5,295
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	20	310	155	155
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	25	0	270	110	160
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	25	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,779,560	860,205	919,350	3,674,330	1,850,760	1,823,570
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,796,700	868,345	928,350	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	932,875	444,675	488,200	933,165	461,460	471,705
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	168,655	84,590	84,070	230,930	118,535	112,390
Chinese	329,980	157,515	172,470	158,200	77,035	81,165
Black	98,780	45,345	53,430	129,390	66,960	62,440
Filipino	74,280	30,450	43,830	166,195	74,770	91,425
Latin American	43,660	20,725	22,930	55,090	27,560	27,525
Arab	24,080	12,240	11,840	56,700	30,245	26,450
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	32,935	15,570	17,360	43,985	21,025	22,960
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	71,500	35,525	35,975	20,980	11,010	9,965
Korean	38,565	18,815	19,755	21,275	10,130	11,145
Japanese	5,705	2,600	3,110	12,165	5,495	6,670
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	15,240	7,150	8,085	9,900	4,700	5,205
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	29,485	14,145	15,345	28,360	13,985	14,375
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	863,825	423,675	440,150	3,044,980	1,537,040	1,507,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,796,700	868,350	928,355	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,645
North American Aboriginal origins	17,140	8,140	9,005	303,815	147,735	156,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	13,105	6,335	6,770	200,290	96,845	103,445
Inuit	280	120	155	3,900	1,915	1,985
Métis	4,135	1,880	2,255	113,735	55,590	58,150
Other North American origins	204,505	101,980	102,515	955,040	486,735	468,305
Acadian	775	365	410	5,545	2,970	2,570
American	11,725	5,810	5,910	72,355	35,480	36,875
Canadian	195,490	97,535	97,950	902,315	460,335	441,975
New Brunswicker	15	0	10	50	35	15
Newfoundlander	770	430	340	1,985	1,135	850
Nova Scotian	135	85	50	190	115	70
Ontarian	140	65	75	110	65	45
Québécois	295	145	150	1,380	750	630
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	50	15	35	415	210	205
European origins	815,560	397,265	418,295	2,580,720	1,292,280	1,288,440
British Isles origins	303,765	147,965	155,805	1,581,265	787,205	794,060
Channel Islander	115	70	40	225	115	115
Cornish	30	15	20	210	90	115
English	178,495	87,075	91,415	899,440	444,010	455,440
Irish	122,925	58,965	63,955	596,750	288,710	308,040
Manx	200	110	85	945	450	495
Scottish	124,680	59,900	64,780	704,205	347,740	356,460
Welsh	12,245	5,805	6,440	80,455	38,715	41,740
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	24,105	11,415	12,695	90,865	44,055	46,815
French origins	55,230	26,235	28,995	411,560	201,160	210,395
Alsatian	70	30	40	200	120	80
Breton	0	0	0	60	25	35
Corsican	0	0	0	125	65	70
French	55,165	26,215	28,955	411,315	201,030	210,290
Western European origins (except French origins)	98,700	47,895	50,805	915,185	455,115	460,065
Austrian	8,630	4,235	4,395	39,530	19,225	20,305
Bavarian	15	10	10	110	60	55
Belgian	2,225	1,010	1,215	21,210	10,320	10,890
Dutch	25,505	12,370	13,135	195,720	97,735	97,990
Flemish	195	85	115	2,005	870	1,140
Frisian	70	35	30	685	380	305
German	66,060	32,080	33,975	712,955	353,755	359,195
Luxembourger	60	35	25	680	355	320
Swiss	3,680	1,685	1,990	24,310	11,905	12,410
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	130	65	65	830	390	440
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15,870	7,490	8,385	329,990	159,695	170,295
Danish	3,480	1,700	1,780	60,380	29,240	31,135
Finnish	4,795	2,185	2,605	17,755	8,780	8,975
Icelandic	765	390	375	20,225	10,050	10,175
Norwegian	3,415	1,645	1,775	156,595	75,160	81,430
Swedish	3,660	1,555	2,105	97,840	46,445	51,385
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	770	400	375	13,515	7,005	6,505
Eastern European origins	195,400	93,960	101,440	685,270	336,430	348,845
Bulgarian	3,460	1,690	1,770	2,935	1,510	1,425
Byelorussian	4,330	2,110	2,220	2,200	1,165	1,035
Czech	3,935	2,035	1,900	20,865	10,405	10,460
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,705	825	875	10,055	4,800	5,255
Estonian	2,090	940	1,155	2,715	1,240	1,470
Hungarian	19,120	9,415	9,700	56,270	27,385	28,885
Latvian	3,360	1,540	1,820	3,245	1,585	1,660
Lithuanian	6,560	3,305	3,255	6,090	2,915	3,175
Moldovan	2,075	1,095	975	1,585	790	790
Polish	62,990	30,775	32,215	186,510	91,115	95,395
Romanian	21,825	10,520	11,310	34,230	16,520	17,710
Russian	71,895	33,855	38,040	107,800	51,840	55,960
Slovak	3,125	1,460	1,660	11,010	5,495	5,515
Ukrainian	41,265	19,940	21,330	369,090	181,600	187,490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	2,630	1,265	1,360	1,910	1,015	895
Southern European origins	332,320	164,275	168,045	215,725	107,495	108,230
Albanian	4,905	2,410	2,505	2,935	1,555	1,385
Bosnian	835	360	475	3,870	1,985	1,890
Catalan	40	30	10	85	55	25
Croatian	6,440	3,165	3,270	14,220	7,535	6,690
Cypriot	835	425	410	160	90	70
Greek	32,850	16,390	16,460	15,025	7,790	7,235
Italian	211,270	105,135	106,130	101,265	50,975	50,285
Kosovar	45	20	25	420	210	210
Macedonian	9,490	4,745	4,745	1,015	485	535
Maltese	3,785	1,905	1,885	1,560	845	715
Montenegrin	305	155	150	290	185	105
Portuguese	45,175	22,095	23,080	22,385	11,395	10,985
Serbian	6,235	3,245	2,990	7,755	3,875	3,875
Sicilian	565	280	280	330	160	170
Slovenian	3,155	1,575	1,580	3,885	2,010	1,875
Spanish	30,195	14,130	16,070	48,055	22,225	25,835
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,825	920	910	5,120	2,495	2,625
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	135	70	60	245	120	125
Other European origins	36,205	18,415	17,790	22,805	11,700	11,105
Basque	180	105	70	425	210	215
Jewish	32,350	16,460	15,885	9,780	4,890	4,885
Roma (Gypsy)	250	125	130	465	220	245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	295	145	145	995	505	490
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,285	1,645	1,635	11,255	5,940	5,310
Caribbean origins	75,235	33,950	41,285	36,120	18,050	18,070
Antiguan	410	155	250	455	265	190
Bahamian	260	155	105	310	180	130
Barbadian	3,605	1,615	1,990	2,065	980	1,080
Bermudan	250	110	140	210	120	90
Carib	305	120	180	135	45	85
Cuban	2,315	1,050	1,265	2,175	1,110	1,060
Dominican	2,015	1,005	1,010	930	530	395
Grenadian	3,090	1,280	1,810	595	300	295
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	1,000	470	530	2,235	1,210	1,025
Jamaican	43,505	19,670	23,835	17,325	8,540	8,785
Kittitian/Nevisian	435	195	245	95	65	30
Martinican	25	10	15	10	0	0
Montserratan	75	25	45	30	10	25
Puerto Rican	180	110	70	460	225	240
St. Lucian	1,605	725	880	595	295	300
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	8,155	3,865	4,290	5,180	2,685	2,490
Vincentian/Grenadinian	2,875	1,170	1,705	535	215	325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	9,160	4,055	5,105	2,670	1,275	1,395
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	3,325	1,395	1,930	2,305	1,110	1,200
Latin, Central and South American origins	61,280	29,080	32,195	78,405	39,030	39,375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	1,865	855	1,010	1,980	965	1,015
Arawak	110	50	55	105	30	70
Argentinian	3,115	1,635	1,475	1,385	705	680
Belizean	105	75	40	445	250	190
Bolivian	355	200	160	590	305	285
Brazilian	3,475	1,685	1,790	3,030	1,330	1,700
Chilean	2,640	1,245	1,395	8,105	4,115	3,990
Colombian	8,015	3,840	4,175	12,585	6,060	6,525
Costa Rican	615	305	310	575	270	305
Ecuadorian	7,990	3,665	4,325	890	405	485
Guatemalan	1,780	840	945	2,395	1,270	1,120
Guyanese	12,380	5,765	6,615	3,095	1,545	1,555
Hispanic	1,300	670	635	1,785	905	885
Honduran	520	230	295	760	405	355
Maya	330	190	140	580	310	275
Mexican	5,325	2,500	2,825	22,475	11,430	11,045
Nicaraguan	1,120	570	550	1,675	825	855
Panamanian	440	185	255	320	150	170
Paraguayan	100	60	40	340	155	190
Peruvian	3,165	1,460	1,700	2,740	1,245	1,495
Salvadorean	5,225	2,560	2,670	8,810	4,545	4,270
Uruguayan	1,020	485	530	315	180	135
Venezuelan	2,120	950	1,170	4,690	2,295	2,390
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	2,750	1,310	1,440	3,430	1,735	1,695
African origins	68,855	33,420	35,435	136,510	70,620	65,885
Central and West African origins	14,995	7,260	7,740	33,170	17,430	15,735
Akan	220	125	95	130	80	50
Angolan	160	55	105	295	155	140
Ashanti	285	120	170	130	70	55
Beninese	75	40	30	200	90	105
Burkinabe	0	10	0	100	50	50
Cameroonian	800	385	415	2,040	1,010	1,035
Chadian	40	15	25	75	55	20
Congolese	595	270	325	4,095	2,100	1,990
Edo	220	125	95	555	320	235
Ewe	10	10	10	125	70	55
Gabonese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gambian	175	90	90	110	60	50
Ghanaian	5,525	2,575	2,950	4,470	2,365	2,100
Guinean	130	75	60	455	235	215
Ibo	535	245	290	1,760	935	825
Ivorian	185	100	90	655	355	295
Liberian	50	20	25	1,040	495	540
Malian	100	60	45	70	45	25
Malinké	40	20	20	95	55	45
Nigerian	4,975	2,395	2,575	13,010	6,815	6,200
Peulh	0	0	0	105	70	35
Senegalese	100	55	40	575	370	205
Sierra Leonean	340	175	165	740	395	345
Togolese	80	55	25	150	70	80
Wolof	35	15	25	70	45	25
Yoruba	545	315	235	2,990	1,600	1,385
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	570	325	245	1,865	985	875
North African origins	16,155	8,275	7,875	23,235	12,305	10,935
Algerian	350	175	185	1,620	805	815
Berber	145	60	85	685	415	270
Coptic	515	250	265	225	115	110
Dinka	0	0	0	565	320	250
Egyptian	9,645	4,880	4,770	8,525	4,515	4,010
Libyan	260	135	130	1,300	665	635
Maure	50	35	15	95	70	25
Moroccan	4,510	2,385	2,130	2,510	1,380	1,130
Sudanese	890	440	445	7,070	3,695	3,375
Tunisian	475	270	205	940	480	455
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	125	75	50	575	315	260
Southern and East African origins	20,800	10,000	10,800	56,560	29,285	27,275
Afrikaner	115	65	55	315	155	160
Amhara	105	50	55	450	240	215
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	105	50	55	700	395	310
Burundian	195	110	85	975	555	420
Djiboutian	20	10	10	170	90	75
Eritrean	1,575	825	755	7,960	4,250	3,715
Ethiopian	2,595	1,270	1,320	13,225	6,710	6,510
Harari	80	40	35	165	85	80
Kenyan	1,010	470	545	2,175	1,035	1,140
Malagasy	55	40	15	125	55	70
Mauritian	645	320	320	550	310	235
Oromo	310	145	165	1,355	765	595
Rwandan	170	95	80	1,420	745	675
Seychellois	20	10	20	35	25	10
Somali	6,795	3,175	3,625	14,100	7,315	6,790
South African	4,590	2,285	2,300	6,635	3,310	3,320
Tanzanian	590	325	265	1,030	525	505
Tigrian	80	30	45	700	380	320
Ugandan	450	230	220	1,155	645	510
Zambian	100	45	55	265	155	110
Zimbabwean	580	245	340	2,590	1,300	1,285
Zulu	65	35	30	295	135	160
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,775	740	1,035	3,875	2,010	1,870
Other African origins	17,610	8,215	9,395	26,150	12,995	13,155
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	2,215	905	1,310	2,525	1,220	1,305
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	15,585	7,395	8,190	23,960	11,950	12,010
Asian origins	815,280	390,400	424,880	756,335	370,390	385,945
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	144,500	71,705	72,790	97,355	51,035	46,315
Afghan	10,725	5,465	5,255	8,540	4,545	3,995
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	5,140	2,590	2,545	10,470	5,690	4,780
Armenian	10,580	5,155	5,420	1,780	865	910
Assyrian	2,730	1,370	1,360	560	300	255
Azerbaijani	2,365	1,180	1,185	615	280	335
Georgian	1,610	840	770	400	230	165
Hazara	90	55	40	365	190	170
Iranian	68,720	34,045	34,675	13,925	7,220	6,705
Iraqi	8,905	4,345	4,560	6,165	3,250	2,915
Israeli	9,165	4,645	4,520	1,565	830	740
Jordanian	1,065	575	485	1,325	670	655
Kazakh	465	205	260	565	260	310
Kurd	2,345	1,195	1,150	2,040	1,160	880
Kuwaiti	80	40	40	185	110	80
Kyrgyz	175	70	105	200	110	90
Lebanese	8,275	4,110	4,165	32,365	16,835	15,525
Palestinian	2,850	1,500	1,350	4,880	2,675	2,210
Pashtun	360	185	180	645	305	345
Saudi Arabian	445	260	190	390	205	180
Syrian	3,375	1,605	1,770	7,215	3,605	3,610
Tajik	520	250	270	265	160	105
Tatar	960	395	570	530	215	315
Turk	8,425	4,105	4,315	5,745	3,155	2,595
Turkmen	195	110	90	105	55	50
Uighur	150	65	85	270	125	140
Uzbek	1,025	520	505	485	225	260
Yemeni	855	410	445	930	440	485
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	3,095	1,550	1,540	2,445	1,305	1,140
South Asian origins	174,235	86,850	87,380	231,550	118,855	112,695
Bangladeshi	2,340	1,220	1,125	4,155	2,085	2,070
Bengali	1,575	770	800	1,660	870	790
Bhutanese	15	0	10	815	410	400
East Indian	109,855	54,695	55,155	174,510	89,140	85,370
Goan	770	365	400	495	265	225
Gujarati	850	370	490	855	445	410
Kashmiri	205	95	105	720	355	365
Nepali	480	255	230	4,600	2,490	2,110
Pakistani	20,185	10,165	10,020	29,265	15,075	14,190
Punjabi	3,775	1,920	1,850	15,645	8,230	7,420
Sinhalese	1,035	565	470	750	400	355
Sri Lankan	28,310	13,800	14,510	5,585	2,885	2,695
Tamil	10,345	5,320	5,020	1,050	565	485
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	8,795	4,505	4,295	4,845	2,500	2,335
East and Southeast Asian origins	502,480	234,640	267,840	431,135	202,400	228,735
Burmese	630	305	325	1,270	650	615
Cambodian (Khmer)	4,505	2,155	2,355	4,260	2,245	2,015
Chinese	351,100	167,135	183,960	188,280	90,735	97,545
Filipino	79,995	33,125	46,865	175,130	79,150	95,975
Hmong	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	1,745	850	895	3,005	1,425	1,575
Japanese	8,100	3,705	4,395	16,595	7,510	9,085
Karen	190	90	110	740	390	345
Korean	40,460	19,745	20,715	22,410	10,655	11,755
Laotian	2,010	1,015	995	2,050	1,020	1,030
Malaysian	1,485	725	755	2,970	1,340	1,630
Mongolian	565	240	325	1,565	725	835
Singaporean	320	135	180	370	180	190
Taiwanese	3,795	1,740	2,055	1,995	855	1,140
Thai	1,030	385	645	2,735	980	1,750
Tibetan	230	100	125	965	500	465
Vietnamese	29,215	13,790	15,425	36,780	17,720	19,060
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	790	415	375	735	385	345
Other Asian origins	1,830	925	905	3,115	1,580	1,530
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,830	925	905	3,115	1,585	1,530
Oceania origins	1,730	865	870	15,500	7,825	7,680
Australian	1,045	560	485	7,785	3,975	3,810
New Zealander	385	185	205	2,905	1,535	1,370
Pacific Islands origins	330	150	185	5,150	2,510	2,635
Fijian	155	55	100	3,325	1,580	1,745
Hawaiian	65	40	30	425	190	235
Maori	15	15	0	640	325	320
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	20	10	15	205	105	95
Samoan	20	10	15	280	180	100
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	70	35	40	375	195	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	626,190	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Owner	454,755	...	...	1,105,795	...	...
Renter	171,425	...	...	412,150	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	9,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	626,190	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Condominium	118,120	...	...	256,015	...	...
Not condominium	508,065	...	...	1,271,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	626,190	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
No bedrooms	3,295	...	...	5,440	...	...
1 bedroom	80,310	...	...	139,820	...	...
2 bedrooms	122,225	...	...	322,370	...	...
3 bedrooms	188,120	...	...	540,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	232,235	...	...	519,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	626,185	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	185,355	...	...	358,650	...	...
5 rooms	85,095	...	...	238,870	...	...
6 rooms	83,935	...	...	224,335	...	...
7 rooms	77,950	...	...	201,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	193,855	...	...	504,270	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	626,190	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	600,830	...	...	1,494,875	...	...
More than 1 person per room	25,365	...	...	32,805	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	626,185	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Suitable	569,205	...	...	1,458,550	...	...
Not suitable	56,985	...	...	69,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	626,190	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1960 or before	79,675	...	...	177,780	...	...
1961 to 1980	159,090	...	...	439,505	...	...
1981 to 1990	97,230	...	...	193,360	...	...
1991 to 2000	91,965	...	...	216,410	...	...
2001 to 2005	72,075	...	...	157,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	66,460	...	...	180,645	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	59,690	...	...	162,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	626,185	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	597,290	...	...	1,440,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	28,900	...	...	87,240	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	626,190	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	339,575	...	...	873,125	...	...
2 household maintainers	259,380	...	...	605,830	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	27,235	...	...	48,725	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	626,190	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
15 to 24 years	10,520	...	...	53,955	...	...
25 to 34 years	70,345	...	...	281,820	...	...
35 to 44 years	116,540	...	...	307,930	...	...
45 to 54 years	152,800	...	...	310,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	126,555	...	...	288,480	...	...
65 to 74 years	81,685	...	...	169,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	48,565	...	...	86,970	...	...
85 years and over	19,175	...	...	28,585	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	624,015	...	...	1,479,270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	410,220	...	...	1,170,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	213,795	...	...	308,485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	172,730	...	...	268,795	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	453,865	...	...	1,075,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.8	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	28.5	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,631	...	...	1,481	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,768	...	...	1,531	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	749,952	...	...	400,104	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	824,545	...	...	449,790	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	171,355	...	...	410,225	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	10.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	49.4	...	...	36.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,251	...	...	1,243	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,287	...	...	1,279	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,493,515	712,525	780,995	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	249,985	117,775	132,210	540,665	284,020	256,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	387,045	187,695	199,355	895,885	440,665	455,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	856,485	407,060	449,425	1,769,500	878,130	891,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	68,590	45,280	23,315	309,465	242,160	67,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	36,055	21,030	15,025	94,735	56,255	38,480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	32,540	24,250	8,285	214,730	185,905	28,825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	254,440	109,540	144,900	615,480	250,590	364,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	44,510	19,755	24,755	94,620	36,875	57,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	488,950	232,485	256,465	749,930	348,510	401,425
Bachelor's degree	327,250	148,525	178,725	530,085	235,610	294,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	34,255	15,625	18,625	39,955	18,075	21,880
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15,320	7,815	7,505	21,850	11,810	10,045
Master's degree	98,070	51,510	46,555	133,265	67,215	66,055
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	14,060	9,005	5,060	24,770	15,805	8,965
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	989,350	468,910	520,445	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	93,585	46,820	46,770	244,755	136,085	108,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	216,225	105,735	110,495	569,435	283,290	286,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	679,540	316,355	363,175	1,443,635	711,655	731,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	46,670	30,485	16,185	238,220	189,180	49,035
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	24,380	13,990	10,390	69,415	42,445	26,970
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	22,290	16,495	5,790	168,805	146,740	22,065
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	198,850	85,405	113,440	496,375	203,350	293,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	33,780	14,755	19,025	73,315	29,315	44,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	400,240	185,715	214,525	635,730	289,810	345,920
Bachelor's degree	265,105	118,155	146,950	448,235	197,045	251,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	27,310	11,935	15,380	32,095	14,155	17,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	12,125	5,735	6,390	18,855	9,505	9,350
Master's degree	84,645	43,100	41,545	116,975	57,230	59,740
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	11,050	6,795	4,260	19,570	11,875	7,695
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,493,515	712,525	780,990	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	637,030	305,470	331,565	1,436,545	724,680	711,865
Education	47,190	9,030	38,160	121,930	29,000	92,930
13. Education	47,190	9,030	38,165	121,930	29,000	92,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	34,150	14,065	20,085	49,660	20,960	28,705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	4,325	3,200	1,125	9,130	6,305	2,820
50. Visual and performing arts	29,825	10,870	18,965	40,535	14,650	25,885
Humanities	48,120	15,880	32,240	69,305	27,480	41,830
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	7,920	1,680	6,240	6,790	1,620	5,170
23. English language and literature/letters	12,540	3,125	9,410	15,110	4,270	10,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	13,365	4,280	9,080	20,660	7,275	13,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	115	55	60	225	105	125
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,565	1,335	1,235	4,890	2,750	2,140
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,530	2,230	1,305	11,435	6,560	4,865
54. History	6,195	2,930	3,270	8,600	4,560	4,045
55. French language and literature/letters	1,885	245	1,640	1,595	345	1,250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	111,485	37,940	73,545	159,735	51,705	108,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,350	270	1,080	2,345	470	1,875
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	9,330	3,655	5,670	17,180	6,320	10,865
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	17,340	1,620	15,720	28,750	2,185	26,570
22. Legal professions and studies	18,800	6,855	11,945	29,000	9,355	19,645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,675	375	1,300	2,190	605	1,580
42. Psychology	16,120	3,725	12,395	27,275	6,765	20,515
45. Social sciences	46,865	21,445	25,430	52,985	26,000	26,985
Business, management and public administration	207,790	89,880	117,905	361,530	133,045	228,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	480	155	320	670	155	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,620	1,970	8,650	21,565	4,015	17,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	196,690	87,760	108,930	339,295	128,885	210,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	41,200	19,180	22,020	72,850	38,330	34,525
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	16,580	6,500	10,085	25,850	10,955	14,895
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	9,940	4,355	5,580	15,410	7,270	8,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	845	255	590	555	170	385
40. Physical sciences	12,420	7,610	4,810	26,130	17,875	8,255
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,410	460	955	4,900	2,055	2,845
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	57,565	36,475	21,090	60,830	37,710	23,120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	44,045	29,640	14,400	48,975	32,855	16,125
25. Library science	1,650	230	1,415	4,295	515	3,780
27. Mathematics and statistics	10,820	5,910	4,910	7,050	4,020	3,035
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,055	700	360	515	330	185
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	161,630	137,530	24,105	463,185	415,665	47,520
04. Architecture and related services	9,265	5,920	3,340	11,325	7,140	4,190
14. Engineering	76,270	59,520	16,750	110,345	89,275	21,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25,570	22,820	2,745	84,800	72,145	12,655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	15	0	15	60	10	50
46. Construction trades	20,695	20,285	415	100,370	96,810	3,560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20,105	19,640	470	103,880	100,100	3,785
48. Precision production	9,715	9,345	365	52,400	50,195	2,205
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	9,575	5,300	4,270	44,270	27,245	17,025
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,965	3,400	2,560	28,440	17,860	10,580
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,610	1,900	1,710	15,830	9,390	6,445
Health and related fields	102,745	25,565	77,185	270,920	51,220	219,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	8,895	4,605	4,290	19,300	9,110	10,195
51. Health professions and related programs	89,860	18,790	71,070	245,265	38,460	206,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	3,990	2,160	1,830	6,350	3,650	2,695
Personal, protective and transportation services	34,960	16,200	18,765	95,140	45,720	49,415
12. Personal and culinary services	22,305	6,490	15,815	57,285	14,985	42,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	130	115	10	250	230	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	235	215	25	740	655	85
43. Security and protective services	7,570	5,320	2,255	16,985	11,590	5,400
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,720	4,060	665	19,880	18,270	1,610
Other	70	20	50	150	60	95
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	20	50	145	60	95
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	989,350	468,905	520,445	2,257,820	1,131,025	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	309,810	152,550	157,265	814,190	419,370	394,820
Education	34,400	6,450	27,950	91,020	19,920	71,105
13. Education	34,400	6,450	27,950	91,025	19,920	71,100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	26,785	10,750	16,035	40,255	16,670	23,585
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,235	2,400	835	7,095	4,810	2,285
50. Visual and performing arts	23,550	8,350	15,195	33,155	11,860	21,300
Humanities	36,505	11,490	25,015	55,985	21,840	34,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	6,245	1,150	5,095	5,690	1,310	4,380
23. English language and literature/letters	9,430	2,240	7,195	12,345	3,425	8,920
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10,135	3,130	7,010	17,320	6,020	11,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	80	40	40	200	95	100
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,005	1,035	965	3,930	2,205	1,725
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,725	1,695	1,030	8,500	4,960	3,545
54. History	4,425	2,035	2,385	6,855	3,565	3,285
55. French language and literature/letters	1,450	150	1,300	1,140	245	895
Social and behavioural sciences and law	89,395	29,280	60,110	135,545	42,855	92,685
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,120	215	900	2,025	425	1,600
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	7,385	2,885	4,500	14,880	5,360	9,520
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	13,440	1,085	12,355	23,730	1,770	21,960
22. Legal professions and studies	15,745	5,075	10,665	25,095	7,395	17,705
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,265	315	945	1,790	530	1,255
42. Psychology	12,555	2,730	9,820	22,460	5,290	17,170
45. Social sciences	37,885	16,965	20,925	45,565	22,095	23,465
Business, management and public administration	170,615	71,395	99,220	301,995	110,825	191,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	410	125	285	560	135	420
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,440	1,475	6,970	18,035	3,130	14,910
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	161,765	69,795	91,965	283,400	107,560	175,840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	31,025	13,915	17,110	58,120	29,655	28,465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	12,475	4,665	7,805	20,925	8,620	12,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	7,610	3,265	4,340	12,175	5,740	6,435
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	720	235	485	460	155	305
40. Physical sciences	9,215	5,470	3,745	20,785	13,645	7,140
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,010	275	735	3,775	1,500	2,270
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	51,615	32,785	18,825	53,975	33,590	20,385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40,640	27,345	13,295	44,735	29,980	14,750
25. Library science	1,200	185	1,015	3,400	440	2,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	8,835	4,665	4,170	5,420	2,915	2,500
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	940	595	345	420	255	165
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	125,145	104,865	20,280	376,875	335,210	41,670
04. Architecture and related services	7,420	4,575	2,845	9,335	5,630	3,710
14. Engineering	62,295	47,800	14,495	95,005	75,840	19,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	19,160	17,100	2,060	69,300	58,610	10,690
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	15	0	15	55	10	50
46. Construction trades	14,950	14,655	295	80,455	77,430	3,020
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	14,785	14,465	325	81,470	78,290	3,180
48. Precision production	6,525	6,280	245	41,255	39,405	1,850
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	7,500	3,915	3,585	35,820	21,060	14,760
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,620	2,430	2,195	21,990	12,970	9,025
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,875	1,485	1,390	13,825	8,090	5,740
Health and related fields	80,305	19,545	60,760	217,640	42,225	175,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,675	3,465	3,215	15,955	7,530	8,425
51. Health professions and related programs	70,600	14,555	56,045	196,250	31,775	164,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	3,025	1,530	1,495	5,435	2,925	2,505
Personal, protective and transportation services	26,210	11,955	14,250	76,300	37,755	38,540
12. Personal and culinary services	16,550	4,570	11,980	44,755	12,085	32,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	75	60	10	190	170	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	105	100	10	460	410	50
43. Security and protective services	5,790	4,035	1,755	14,100	9,595	4,505
49. Transportation and materials moving	3,685	3,190	495	16,795	15,490	1,305
Other	60	15	45	115	55	60
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	55	15	45	110	55	60
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,493,515	712,525	780,990	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	637,030	305,465	331,565	1,436,545	724,685	711,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	856,490	407,055	449,425	1,769,505	878,130	891,370
Location of study inside Canada	563,450	268,145	295,305	1,424,855	709,950	714,905
Same as province or territory of residence	528,780	251,100	277,680	1,064,560	530,135	534,430
Different than province or territory of residence	34,670	17,045	17,625	360,290	179,815	180,475
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	293,035	138,915	154,120	344,645	168,180	176,465
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	23,365	13,005	10,360	45,690	25,545	20,145
Philippines	29,445	9,305	20,145	68,760	26,480	42,280
India	21,300	10,540	10,760	41,560	21,025	20,535
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	15,280	8,390	6,890	28,630	16,255	12,370
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	42,415	20,095	22,320	18,850	8,805	10,050
France	1,605	840	765	2,150	1,275	875
Other	159,615	76,735	82,880	139,010	68,800	70,210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	989,350	468,910	520,445	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	309,815	152,550	157,265	814,190	419,375	394,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	679,535	316,360	363,180	1,443,630	711,655	731,980
Location of study inside Canada	448,830	210,755	238,080	1,150,780	572,180	578,595
Same as province or territory of residence	422,075	197,630	224,440	857,370	426,365	431,010
Different than province or territory of residence	26,760	13,115	13,635	293,410	145,820	147,590
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	230,710	105,610	125,100	292,850	139,470	153,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	18,195	9,670	8,520	34,655	18,640	16,015
Philippines	25,840	7,960	17,885	64,000	24,435	39,565
India	17,255	8,285	8,970	37,240	18,505	18,740
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	9,225	4,985	4,235	20,065	11,390	8,675
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	36,225	16,910	19,320	16,600	7,630	8,965
France	1,220	610	610	1,870	1,105	765
Other	122,745	57,190	65,555	118,425	57,770	60,655
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,493,515	712,525	780,990	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
In the labour force	967,410	497,540	469,870	2,302,945	1,238,280	1,064,655
Employed	896,785	462,505	434,280	2,096,105	1,114,360	981,745
Unemployed	70,625	35,040	35,585	206,835	123,925	82,910
Not in the labour force	526,105	214,985	311,120	903,105	364,525	538,580
Participation rate	64.8	69.8	60.2	71.8	77.3	66.4
Employment rate	60.0	64.9	55.6	65.4	69.5	61.2
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.0	7.6	9.0	10.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,493,515	712,525	780,995	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	505,385	206,855	298,535	806,150	318,845	487,310
Worked	988,130	505,675	482,455	2,399,895	1,283,965	1,115,930
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	508,465	283,755	224,715	1,193,860	698,530	495,330
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	479,665	221,925	257,740	1,206,035	585,430	620,595
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.8	42.5	43.1	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	967,410	497,540	469,870	2,302,940	1,238,285	1,064,660
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	26,160	12,195	13,960	40,005	18,650	21,360
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	941,250	485,345	455,910	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
Employee	809,355	399,490	409,870	1,984,225	1,042,630	941,595
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	131,895	85,860	46,040	278,710	177,010	101,705
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	967,410	497,540	469,870	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	26,155	12,195	13,960	40,010	18,645	21,360
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	941,255	485,345	455,910	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
0 Management occupations	115,665	72,095	43,570	261,505	167,260	94,245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	173,760	57,035	116,725	353,965	95,685	258,280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	90,850	68,795	22,050	175,025	136,240	38,795
3 Health occupations	53,755	13,470	40,290	150,415	28,130	122,290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	104,395	29,230	75,165	228,325	74,105	154,220
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30,280	13,975	16,300	50,170	19,960	30,210
6 Sales and service occupations	217,510	99,985	117,525	491,495	204,245	287,255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	102,520	96,330	6,190	406,495	376,375	30,120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	8,710	7,080	1,635	72,465	59,465	13,000
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	43,805	27,340	16,465	73,070	58,170	14,895
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	967,410	497,540	469,870	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	26,155	12,200	13,960	40,005	18,650	21,360
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	941,255	485,345	455,910	2,262,935	1,219,630	1,043,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,815	2,290	1,520	64,035	43,045	20,990
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,320	920	395	142,490	109,105	33,390
22 Utilities	4,790	3,230	1,560	21,940	15,345	6,595
23 Construction	67,945	58,455	9,495	236,370	201,640	34,730
31-33 Manufacturing	89,285	58,855	30,430	127,535	96,045	31,490
41 Wholesale trade	44,930	28,325	16,595	80,610	56,840	23,775
44-45 Retail trade	104,960	49,855	55,100	249,880	115,065	134,810
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	37,125	27,270	9,850	115,295	83,675	31,620
51 Information and cultural industries	25,900	14,865	11,035	33,045	18,625	14,420
52 Finance and insurance	74,405	34,900	39,505	69,225	25,230	43,995
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	28,325	14,945	13,380	41,520	23,075	18,450
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	101,990	57,910	44,085	167,800	94,565	73,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,310	930	1,375	5,560	2,760	2,795
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	45,020	24,695	20,325	87,350	49,595	37,760
61 Educational services	69,920	20,600	49,325	147,270	44,160	103,110
62 Health care and social assistance	87,940	17,780	70,160	245,875	41,235	204,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	17,085	9,290	7,795	44,880	21,550	23,335
72 Accommodation and food services	56,010	25,520	30,490	153,790	62,220	91,570
81 Other services (except public administration)	43,395	17,335	26,055	105,865	50,455	55,405
91 Public administration	34,790	17,375	17,415	122,595	65,420	57,175
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	896,785	462,505	434,280	2,096,110	1,114,360	981,745
Worked at home	70,780	35,480	35,295	162,465	77,935	84,530
Worked outside Canada	6,810	4,665	2,145	6,270	4,715	1,555
No fixed workplace address	108,730	77,220	31,515	307,065	236,995	70,070
Worked at usual place	710,465	345,140	365,330	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	710,470	345,140	365,330	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	317,250	138,735	178,520	1,186,170	554,850	631,330
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	108,230	52,225	56,005	358,010	190,730	167,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	283,505	153,295	130,210	64,360	41,925	22,435
Commute to a different province or territory	1,480	885	595	11,770	7,210	4,560
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	819,195	422,355	396,845	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Car, truck, van - as a driver	564,805	318,910	245,895	1,497,440	832,890	664,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	49,120	17,735	31,390	99,635	40,215	59,420
Public transit	171,270	70,905	100,360	194,560	88,325	106,235
Walked	23,760	9,475	14,285	85,805	38,030	47,775
Bicycle	2,780	2,005	775	21,925	14,685	7,240
Other method	7,470	3,330	4,135	28,015	17,560	10,455
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	819,195	422,355	396,845	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Less than 15 minutes	114,700	49,995	64,700	519,085	237,105	281,980
15 to 29 minutes	217,415	108,255	109,165	706,940	377,165	329,780
30 to 44 minutes	213,415	116,080	97,335	422,070	243,905	178,165
45 to 59 minutes	114,870	62,100	52,770	148,620	86,485	62,135
60 minutes and over	158,800	85,925	72,875	130,665	87,060	43,605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	819,200	422,355	396,840	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	46,435	34,385	12,050	145,660	107,460	38,200
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	127,105	77,645	49,460	395,425	254,225	141,200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	214,710	104,310	110,400	567,530	297,825	269,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	192,095	88,305	103,785	347,270	147,425	199,845
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	126,630	58,825	67,805	188,660	77,175	111,490
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	112,225	58,880	53,340	282,820	147,600	135,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,023,780	522,790	500,995	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,090
Single responses	994,415	509,330	485,085	2,446,600	1,304,240	1,142,360
Official languages	952,755	487,655	465,100	2,425,545	1,292,940	1,132,610
English	949,815	487,005	462,810	2,418,990	1,290,870	1,128,120
French	2,940	650	2,290	6,560	2,070	4,490
Non-official languages	41,660	21,675	19,985	21,055	11,305	9,750
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	1,000	550	450
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	670	355	315
Blackfoot	0	0	0	75	50	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	565	295	270
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	535	280	255
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	45	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	60	35	25
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	255	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	140	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	41,660	21,670	19,985	20,050	10,755	9,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	630	310	320	940	575	360
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	10	15	100	45	55
Bilen	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	10	10	10	25	15	15
Somali	15	0	10	60	25	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	610	305	305	840	530	305
Amharic	0	0	10	85	50	35
Arabic	285	195	90	610	415	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	50	35	15	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	245	55	190	50	15	35
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	15	10	40	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	755	305	445	1,305	515	790
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	15	10	0
Vietnamese	730	300	435	1,290	505	780
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	385	150	235	850	420	430
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	20	10	10	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	10	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	335	130	200	785	405	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	465	230	235	55	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	455	225	230	35	15	15
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,885	4,260	3,625	8,280	4,855	3,425
Albanian	55	30	25	30	20	10
Armenian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,115	920	1,195	690	335	355
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,110	920	1,190	695	335	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	15	15	0
Bulgarian	20	15	10	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	10	10	0
Polish	50	35	20	220	135	85
Russian	1,910	805	1,105	275	120	160
Serbian	30	15	15	25	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	25	0	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	30	30	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	15	60	2,535	1,700	840
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	10	20
Danish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	10	0	10	145	80	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	10	35	2,160	1,455	700
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	135	30
Greek	40	35	10	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,545	1,500	1,040	3,215	1,870	1,350
Indo-Aryan languages	705	365	345	3,010	1,735	1,275
Bengali	60	20	40	25	10	15
Gujarati	90	35	50	75	15	60
Hindi	95	55	40	210	110	100
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	40	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	130	120	2,480	1,510	970
Sindhi	10	10	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	180	105	70	155	50	100
Iranian languages	1,835	1,140	695	200	130	70
Kurdish	40	30	0	15	10	0
Pashto	10	0	0	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,790	1,110	680	175	105	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,975	1,730	1,245	1,780	920	860
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	415	215	195	30	10	15
Portuguese	1,075	715	360	140	70	70
Romanian	145	65	85	50	30	20
Spanish	1,340	735	605	1,560	800	760
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	205	55	150	195	75	125
Kartvelian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	3,050	1,565	1,485	785	350	435
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	15	35	10	30
Akan (Twi)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	25	20	230	120	115
American Sign Language	25	10	10	125	40	85
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	0	105	80	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	27,915	14,600	13,315	7,080	3,665	3,420
Chinese languages	27,915	14,605	13,315	7,035	3,635	3,400
Cantonese	13,725	7,070	6,650	4,545	2,340	2,205
Hakka	15	10	15	15	0	10
Mandarin	13,580	7,230	6,350	2,170	1,125	1,045
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	105	75	35	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	465	210	255	275	155	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	125	60	65
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	130	60	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	170	115	60	80	35	45
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	165	110	55	65	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	100	40	55	70	45	25
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	20	10	10	0
Hungarian	70	40	30	65	40	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	0
Multiple responses	29,365	13,455	15,905	20,810	10,080	10,735
English and French	4,270	1,660	2,615	4,525	2,050	2,475
English and non-official language	24,735	11,655	13,080	15,935	7,860	8,075
French and non-official language	20	10	0	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	340	130	210	295	140	155
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,023,775	522,785	500,995	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,095
None	926,830	474,750	452,085	2,370,575	1,264,955	1,105,620
English	18,845	9,100	9,740	13,805	6,540	7,270
French	9,750	4,055	5,695	23,920	11,380	12,545
Non-official language	66,910	34,225	32,680	57,640	30,700	26,935
Aboriginal	30	10	25	5,045	2,370	2,680
Non-Aboriginal	66,875	34,220	32,655	52,590	28,335	24,260
English and French	15	15	0	30	15	15
English and non-official language	700	305	390	215	105	110
French and non-official language	730	330	400	1,220	625	595
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,779,005	859,465	919,535	3,925,440	1,971,515	1,953,920
Non-movers	1,569,340	756,710	812,635	3,318,340	1,667,060	1,651,280
Movers	209,660	102,755	106,900	607,095	304,450	302,640
Non-migrants	116,060	56,490	59,570	394,230	199,640	194,590
Migrants	93,600	46,265	47,335	212,865	104,815	108,050
Internal migrants	62,535	30,880	31,655	166,390	82,335	84,055
Intraprovincial migrants	56,005	27,710	28,295	120,105	59,845	60,260
Interprovincial migrants	6,530	3,170	3,360	46,280	22,490	23,795
External migrants	31,065	15,390	15,680	46,475	22,480	23,995
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,703,475	820,545	882,930	3,714,635	1,863,450	1,851,190
Non-movers	1,073,140	516,100	557,045	2,052,580	1,028,510	1,024,070
Movers	630,330	304,445	325,885	1,662,055	834,935	827,120
Non-migrants	323,620	155,265	168,355	899,165	454,700	444,465
Migrants	306,710	149,180	157,530	762,890	380,235	382,655
Internal migrants	186,750	91,585	95,165	559,860	280,255	279,610
Intraprovincial migrants	172,120	84,705	87,415	333,775	165,900	167,875
Interprovincial migrants	14,630	6,885	7,750	226,090	114,355	111,730
External migrants	119,955	57,595	62,365	203,025	99,980	103,045