Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Lomond No. 37, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Richmond Hill Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Lomond No. 37, RM Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Lomond No. 37, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	110,177	...	...	296	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	108,658	...	...	304	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.4	...	...	-2.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	41,991	...	...	121	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	40,214	...	...	113	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,760.0	...	...	0.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	39.92	...	...	833.95	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	110,175	53,035	57,145	300	165	130
0 to 14 years	14,910	7,780	7,130	65	40	25
0 to 4 years	4,185	2,150	2,035	20	10	5
5 to 9 years	5,070	2,640	2,435	25	10	10
10 to 14 years	5,650	2,990	2,660	20	15	10
15 to 64 years	75,455	36,210	39,250	190	100	85
15 to 19 years	6,825	3,595	3,230	15	10	10
20 to 24 years	7,080	3,680	3,400	10	5	10
25 to 29 years	7,085	3,575	3,505	15	5	10
30 to 34 years	6,350	3,115	3,235	15	10	10
35 to 39 years	6,220	2,845	3,370	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	7,510	3,355	4,150	20	10	15
45 to 49 years	8,715	3,965	4,750	25	15	10
50 to 54 years	9,230	4,405	4,825	30	20	10
55 to 59 years	8,830	4,110	4,720	20	10	15
60 to 64 years	7,620	3,560	4,060	30	15	15
65 years and over	19,810	9,045	10,760	40	25	15
65 to 69 years	6,980	3,310	3,675	15	10	10
70 to 74 years	4,490	2,060	2,425	10	5	5
75 to 79 years	3,510	1,630	1,875	5	5	0
80 to 84 years	2,560	1,175	1,385	0	5	5
85 years and over	2,265	870	1,400	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,520	650	875	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	575	170	405	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	155	50	105	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.5	14.7	12.5	21.7	24.2	19.2
15 to 64 years	68.5	68.3	68.7	63.3	60.6	65.4
65 years and over	18.0	17.1	18.8	13.3	15.2	11.5
85 years and over	2.1	1.6	2.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	42.8	41.6	43.9	39.6	39.2	40.0
Median age of the population	44.5	43.0	45.6	43.4	43.0	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	40,210	...	...	115	...	...
Single-detached house	18,455	...	...	105	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	12,500	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,255	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,330	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	4,960	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,550	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,360	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	40,215	...	...	115	...	...
1 person	8,970	...	...	25	...	...
2 persons	11,600	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	8,010	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	7,360	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	4,270	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	109,560	...	...	295	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	95,265	45,255	50,015	235	130	105
Married or living common law	55,880	27,690	28,190	165	80	80
Married	52,635	26,070	26,560	150	75	75
Living common law	3,245	1,620	1,625	15	5	10
Not married and not living common law	39,385	17,565	21,825	70	45	25
Never married	26,780	14,025	12,755	50	30	15
Separated	2,225	840	1,385	5	5	0
Divorced	5,435	1,815	3,625	10	5	0
Widowed	4,945	890	4,060	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	32,245	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	13,870	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	8,700	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	7,645	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	2,035	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	32,245	...	...	85	...	...
Total couple families	27,065	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	25,440	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	1,620	...	...	10	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,180	...	...	5	...	...
Female parent	4,275	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	905	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	27,065	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	10,595	...	...	40	...	...
Couples with children	16,470	...	...	35	...	...
1 child	7,190	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	7,315	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	1,965	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,180	...	...	5	...	...
1 child	3,270	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,505	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	405	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,540	5,810	8,725	35	25	10
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	40,215	...	...	110	...	...
One-census-family households	28,390	...	...	90	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,890	...	...	45	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	19,495	...	...	45	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,865	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,965	...	...	25	...	...
One-person households	8,975	...	...	20	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	995	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	109,615	52,855	56,755	295	165	130
English only	94,505	46,580	47,925	295	165	130
French only	55	15	35	0	0	0
English and French	7,555	3,225	4,330	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	7,505	3,030	4,470	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	109,615	52,860	56,755	295	165	130
English	99,875	48,865	51,015	295	165	130
French	785	315	465	0	0	0
English and French	1,530	675	855	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	7,425	3,005	4,420	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,550	655	895	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.2	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	109,615	52,855	56,760	300	170	130
Single responses	105,545	50,910	54,630	295	165	130
Official languages	38,990	19,530	19,460	290	165	125
English	38,315	19,250	19,065	290	165	125
French	675	280	400	0	0	0
Non-official languages	66,550	31,385	35,170	5	0	5
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	66,550	31,380	35,170	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,170	1,075	1,095	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	10	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,130	1,065	1,065	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	1,660	810	850	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	395	225	175	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	260	110	150	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240	105	140	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,605	595	1,015	5	0	0
Bikol	10	5	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	80	30	45	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	85	30	55	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	170	80	90	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,215	425	790	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	530	270	265	0	0	0
Kannada	25	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	100	50	50	0	0	0
Tamil	360	180	185	0	0	0
Telugu	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	29,495	14,185	15,305	0	0	5
Albanian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Armenian	590	275	315	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	6,585	3,025	3,560	5	0	0
Baltic languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Latvian	30	5	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	20	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	6,510	3,000	3,510	0	0	0
Belarusan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Croatian	100	45	55	0	0	0
Czech	60	20	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	190	85	110	0	0	0
Polish	365	175	195	0	0	0
Russian	4,965	2,285	2,680	0	0	0
Serbian	255	130	125	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	15	5	0	0	0
Slovak	60	25	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	320	140	180	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	820	345	475	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	170	75	95	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	510	215	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	75	30	45	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,010	490	520	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	14,730	7,350	7,380	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,965	1,460	1,500	0	0	0
Bengali	150	85	65	0	0	0
Gujarati	825	395	430	0	0	0
Hindi	535	255	280	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	30	15	10	0	0	0
Marathi	45	20	25	0	0	0
Nepali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	320	165	160	0	0	0
Sindhi	180	85	95	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	100	45	60	0	0	0
Urdu	750	380	370	0	0	0
Iranian languages	11,755	5,885	5,865	0	0	0
Kurdish	115	60	55	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	11,620	5,815	5,805	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,650	2,650	2,995	0	0	0
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,360	1,615	1,745	0	0	0
Portuguese	405	170	235	0	0	0
Romanian	720	340	385	0	0	0
Spanish	1,145	520	625	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	220	85	135	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	2,515	1,185	1,325	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	130	65	60	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	50	25	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	28,410	13,220	15,195	0	0	0
Chinese languages	28,385	13,205	15,185	0	0	0
Cantonese	15,255	7,075	8,180	0	0	0
Hakka	235	115	125	0	0	0
Mandarin	11,490	5,395	6,090	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	560	250	315	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	325	150	175	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	515	225	295	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	10	30	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	30	5	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	580	295	280	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	155	90	70	0	0	0
Turkish	395	190	205	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	480	235	240	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Finnish	50	30	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	400	195	200	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,070	1,945	2,125	0	0	0
English and French	175	85	90	0	0	0
English and non-official language	3,630	1,750	1,885	0	0	0
French and non-official language	110	45	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	160	65	90	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	109,615	52,855	56,755	295	170	130
Single responses	98,705	47,670	51,035	295	165	130
Official languages	55,305	27,295	28,010	295	165	125
English	55,095	27,205	27,885	295	165	130
French	210	90	125	0	0	0
Non-official languages	43,400	20,375	23,030	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	43,400	20,370	23,025	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,105	530	570	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	5	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,080	520	555	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	865	405	465	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	190	115	75	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	55	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	700	315	385	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	80	45	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	540	235	310	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	280	130	155	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	205	95	110	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	16,880	8,045	8,835	0	0	0
Albanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Armenian	315	145	180	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Polish	115	55	65	0	0	0
Russian	3,440	1,585	1,850	0	0	0
Serbian	135	75	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	25	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	415	190	225	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	9,935	4,870	5,065	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,355	650	705	0	0	0
Bengali	75	40	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	420	190	230	0	0	0
Hindi	190	85	105	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	130	65	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	60	30	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Urdu	395	200	200	0	0	0
Iranian languages	8,570	4,215	4,355	0	0	0
Kurdish	50	25	20	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	8,520	4,190	4,330	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,030	915	1,110	0	0	0
Catalan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	915	390	525	0	0	0
Portuguese	125	55	70	0	0	0
Romanian	405	185	215	0	0	0
Spanish	590	285	300	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	115	55	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	1,805	850	955	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	21,790	10,105	11,680	0	0	0
Chinese languages	21,770	10,095	11,670	0	0	0
Cantonese	11,835	5,400	6,435	0	0	0
Hakka	90	35	55	0	0	0
Mandarin	9,080	4,310	4,770	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	240	110	130	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	190	100	90	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	335	140	190	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	290	140	145	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	65	30	35	0	0	0
Turkish	205	100	110	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	195	100	95	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	175	90	85	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10,910	5,190	5,720	0	0	0
English and French	155	70	80	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10,485	5,010	5,475	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	240	90	145	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	109,615	52,855	56,755	300	165	130
None	75,980	36,750	39,225	295	170	130
English	16,560	8,025	8,530	5	0	0
French	635	270	365	0	0	0
Non-official language	15,845	7,515	8,320	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15,840	7,515	8,325	0	0	0
English and French	105	50	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	305	150	155	0	0	0
French and non-official language	170	85	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	94,660	45,060	49,600	235	125	105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,800	42,655	47,145	225	125	100
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,377	32,686	25,077	39,680	43,136	32,576
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,815	42,660	47,150	230	125	100
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,447	30,052	23,780	36,181	40,064	28,992
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	79,515	38,505	41,010	220	120	100
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,342	34,525	25,149	35,072	42,368	29,248
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,890	28,650	36,235	130	70	60
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,698	984	2,963	3,928	2,208	4,176
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,970	31,550	31,425	170	95	75
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,019	37,253	29,831	23,488	23,680	21,824
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	94,645	45,025	49,620	215	120	90
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,675	42,575	47,100	215	115	95
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,664	54,605	39,487	41,454	48,358	32,870
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,685	42,575	47,105	215	115	95
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,031	43,410	33,170	36,466	41,756	29,890
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,510	38,500	41,005	210	115	95
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,849	56,475	39,750	38,224	44,464	30,466
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,755	28,600	36,155	100	60	40
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,872	5,256	6,359	6,948	7,661	5,851
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,005	31,600	31,400	160	90	70
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,892	57,565	42,169	27,423	33,250	19,734
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	94,645	45,025	49,620	215	125	95
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	29,355	16,100	13,255	90	65	30
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	57,418	62,067	52,939	30,055	23,788	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	73,850	81,467	64,595	37,016	41,035	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.9	93.6	87.4	89.7	94.2	92.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.2	77.1	70.6	54.7	55.7	53.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.1	6.4	12.6	8.0	6.6	10.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	94,665	45,065	49,595	235	130	105
Without total income	4,855	2,405	2,455	10	5	5
With total income	89,805	42,655	47,145	225	125	100
Percentage with total income	94.9	94.7	95.1	95.7	96.2	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	18,305	8,175	10,130	40	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	17,355	7,360	10,000	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	10,710	4,685	6,025	25	10	20
$30,000 to $39,999	8,040	3,640	4,400	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	6,970	3,195	3,770	35	25	10
$50,000 to $59,999	5,505	2,595	2,910	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	4,520	2,300	2,215	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,705	1,845	1,855	20	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,030	1,650	1,385	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,705	1,400	1,305	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	8,955	5,805	3,150	10	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	5,700	3,520	2,185	10	5	5
$150,000 and over	3,250	2,290	965	0	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	94,660	45,065	49,595	230	125	105
Without after-tax income	4,850	2,400	2,450	5	0	5
With after-tax income	89,815	42,665	47,150	225	125	100
Percentage with after-tax income	94.9	94.7	95.1	97.8	100.0	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	18,650	8,290	10,355	35	15	15
$10,000 to $19,999	17,885	7,600	10,280	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	12,120	5,410	6,710	25	10	15
$30,000 to $39,999	9,400	4,240	5,165	45	25	20
$40,000 to $49,999	8,075	3,750	4,325	25	20	10
$50,000 to $59,999	6,055	3,045	3,010	25	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	4,755	2,460	2,300	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,800	2,060	1,735	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	9,080	5,810	3,265	10	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,740	1,520	1,220	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,690	1,100	590	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	4,645	3,190	1,460	5	0	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	94,660	45,060	49,600	235	130	105
Without employment income	31,690	13,515	18,175	60	35	30
With employment income	62,975	31,545	31,425	170	95	75
Percentage with employment income	66.5	70.0	63.4	72.3	73.1	71.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,365	3,870	4,495	45	25	20
$5,000 to $9,999	5,545	2,485	3,060	25	15	10
$10,000 to $19,999	9,200	4,440	4,760	15	5	5
$20,000 to $29,999	6,480	3,035	3,440	20	5	10
$30,000 to $39,999	5,755	2,600	3,150	15	5	10
$40,000 to $49,999	5,075	2,385	2,690	10	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	4,155	2,010	2,150	15	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,515	1,765	1,750	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,885	1,510	1,370	5	0	5
$80,000 and over	11,995	7,445	4,555	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,445	1,340	1,100	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,410	1,225	1,185	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	7,140	4,875	2,265	5	5	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	40,215	...	...	110	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,563	...	...	79,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,640	...	...	70,016	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,975	...	...	20	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,432	...	...	42,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,668	...	...	40,352	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,240	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,374	...	...	90,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,494	...	...	78,592	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	40,220	...	...	105	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	104,043	...	...	82,087	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	84,803	...	...	72,211	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,045	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,053	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,375	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,175	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,418	...	...	86,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,403	...	...	76,533	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	40,215	...	...	115	...	...
Under $5,000	1,145	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	685	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,035	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,610	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,540	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,870	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,700	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,585	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,470	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,480	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,705	...	...	5	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,410	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,355	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,995	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,925	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,715	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,790	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,705	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,715	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,505	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	40,215	...	...	115	...	...
Under $5,000	1,215	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	685	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,055	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,670	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,660	...	...	0	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,035	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,940	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,750	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,805	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,720	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,175	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,905	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,525	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,320	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,935	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,805	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,675	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,685	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,455	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,820	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,607	...	...	90,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,740	...	...	78,592	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,610	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,579	...	...	75,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,657	...	...	69,760	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,480	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,200	...	...	106,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,298	...	...	93,184	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,655	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,447	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,468	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,720	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	118,962	...	...	86,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,908	...	...	76,533	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,490	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,575	...	...	80,404	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,442	...	...	70,337	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,420	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	144,176	...	...	98,941	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,900	...	...	87,552	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,675	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,992	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,131	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,285	4,795	6,495	30	20	5
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,681	36,416	30,485	42,624	42,720	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,896	32,653	28,262	40,320	40,416	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,410	4,870	6,545	0	0	0
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,408	52,067	42,198	0	0	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,973	41,376	35,443	0	0	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	109,560	52,835	56,720	295	165	130
In the bottom half of the distribution	52,230	24,515	27,715	135	75	60
In the bottom decile	14,760	6,990	7,770	25	15	15
In the second decile	11,375	5,190	6,185	20	5	10
In the third decile	9,270	4,335	4,940	25	10	15
In the fourth decile	8,500	3,995	4,510	40	25	15
In the fifth decile	8,315	4,010	4,310	25	15	10
In the top half of the distribution	57,330	28,320	29,010	160	90	70
In the sixth decile	8,635	4,225	4,415	30	20	10
In the seventh decile	9,040	4,415	4,625	35	20	15
In the eighth decile	10,890	5,375	5,510	55	35	30
In the ninth decile	12,255	6,075	6,180	20	10	10
In the top decile	16,510	8,235	8,275	10	5	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	109,560	52,835	56,725	295	165	130
0 to 17 years	18,895	9,895	9,005	75	45	30
0 to 5 years	5,170	2,660	2,510	30	15	10
18 to 64 years	71,320	34,020	37,295	180	100	85
65 years and over	19,345	8,925	10,420	40	20	20
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	20,830	9,755	11,075	35	20	15
0 to 17 years	4,305	2,295	2,005	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	1,200	630	575	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	12,810	5,875	6,935	25	15	10
65 years and over	3,720	1,585	2,135	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.0	18.5	19.5	11.9	12.1	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	22.8	23.2	22.3	20.0	11.1	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	23.2	23.7	22.9	16.7	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	18.0	17.3	18.6	13.9	15.0	11.8
65 years and over (%)	19.2	17.8	20.5	12.5	0.0	0.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	16,530	7,755	8,775	25	10	10
0 to 17 years	3,470	1,860	1,615	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	975	515	460	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	10,790	5,010	5,780	15	10	10
65 years and over	2,270	885	1,385	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	15.1	14.7	15.5	8.5	6.1	7.7
0 to 17 years (%)	18.4	18.8	17.9	13.3	11.1	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	18.9	19.4	18.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.1	14.7	15.5	8.3	10.0	11.8
65 years and over (%)	11.7	9.9	13.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	109,510	52,805	56,705	265	145	125
Official languages	102,020	49,875	52,145	270	150	120
English	101,990	49,860	52,125	270	150	120
French	7,400	3,300	4,100	0	0	0
Non-official languages	77,115	36,365	40,750	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	77,105	36,360	40,745	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,500	1,770	1,730	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	60	20	45	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	65	20	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,435	1,750	1,685	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	2,085	1,080	1,010	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	25	45	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	1,330	680	650	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	410	175	235	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	35	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	355	145	210	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,460	930	1,530	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	60	35	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	195	80	110	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	265	115	150	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,115	780	1,335	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	30	0	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	55	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	35	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	695	350	350	0	0	0
Kannada	40	10	30	0	0	0
Malayalam	130	70	60	0	0	0
Tamil	470	245	225	0	0	0
Telugu	115	65	55	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35,665	17,045	18,620	0	0	0
Albanian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Armenian	620	295	325	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	7,515	3,520	3,995	0	0	0
Baltic languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
Latvian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	7,440	3,485	3,955	0	0	0
Belarusan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Croatian	175	70	105	0	0	0
Czech	85	35	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	290	115	170	0	0	0
Polish	460	205	255	0	0	0
Russian	5,995	2,830	3,170	0	0	0
Serbian	290	155	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slovak	55	30	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	30	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	675	330	345	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,535	725	815	0	0	0
Afrikaans	75	30	40	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	20	0	0	0
Dutch	210	85	125	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,050	515	535	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	50	35	10	0	0	0
Swedish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	115	40	70	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,390	630	760	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	17,760	8,680	9,080	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,405	2,155	2,245	0	0	0
Bengali	230	130	100	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,455	685	770	0	0	0
Hindi	1,705	855	850	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	60	35	20	0	0	0
Marathi	50	35	15	0	0	0
Nepali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	670	325	345	0	0	0
Sindhi	325	160	175	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	225	110	120	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	740	760	0	0	0
Iranian languages	13,440	6,570	6,870	0	0	0
Kurdish	200	120	85	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	13,370	6,535	6,840	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,675	3,635	4,040	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	4,395	2,125	2,270	0	0	0
Portuguese	535	230	300	0	0	0
Romanian	895	410	485	0	0	0
Spanish	2,120	1,020	1,105	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	490	220	275	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	2,840	1,305	1,535	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	350	185	170	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	205	115	90	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	55	25	35	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	25	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	15	35	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	10	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	31,950	15,050	16,895	0	0	0
Chinese languages	31,910	15,035	16,870	0	0	0
Cantonese	18,455	8,700	9,760	0	0	0
Hakka	300	135	160	0	0	0
Mandarin	16,710	7,745	8,965	0	0	0
Min Dong	15	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	685	300	380	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	390	190	200	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	700	355	350	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	55	20	40	0	0	0
Burmese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	60	10	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	960	460	495	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	235	105	135	0	0	0
Turkish	730	360	370	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	610	275	335	0	0	0
Estonian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Finnish	55	20	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	500	230	270	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	109,510	52,810	56,700	265	150	125
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	93,650	45,370	48,285	265	145	120
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,015	8,770	8,250	60	25	30
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	76,635	36,600	40,030	205	120	90
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	15,860	7,440	8,420	10	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	109,505	52,805	56,700	270	145	120
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	41,470	20,910	20,565	250	145	105
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	65,785	30,985	34,795	15	0	15
Before 1981	12,805	6,045	6,765	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	9,085	4,230	4,855	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	17,585	8,320	9,260	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	17,605	8,250	9,350	10	0	10
2001 to 2005	9,425	4,415	5,005	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	8,180	3,835	4,345	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	8,705	4,145	4,560	0	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,250	910	1,340	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	65,785	30,985	34,800	15	0	15
Under 5 years	4,965	2,540	2,430	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	10,120	5,420	4,700	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	12,435	5,605	6,825	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	28,805	13,015	15,790	0	0	10
45 years and over	9,455	4,405	5,050	0	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	65,785	30,990	34,800	15	0	15
Americas	3,600	1,645	1,955	0	0	10
Brazil	55	20	40	0	0	0
Colombia	140	70	70	0	0	0
El Salvador	60	10	45	0	0	0
Guyana	345	160	185	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	750	335	415	0	0	0
Mexico	105	40	70	0	0	0
Peru	135	65	70	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	410	165	245	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	795	410	385	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	800	365	430	0	0	0
Europe	12,250	5,675	6,575	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	70	45	25	0	0	0
Croatia	135	55	80	0	0	0
France	75	45	30	0	0	0
Germany	460	165	295	0	0	0
Greece	775	380	395	0	0	0
Hungary	220	90	130	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	80	40	35	0	0	0
Italy	2,425	1,220	1,210	0	0	0
Netherlands	135	70	70	0	0	0
Poland	330	130	205	0	0	0
Portugal	295	115	180	0	0	0
Romania	775	355	415	0	0	0
Russian Federation	2,050	900	1,150	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	170	75	95	0	0	0
Ukraine	1,395	715	685	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,200	555	655	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,665	735	925	0	0	0
Africa	2,705	1,300	1,410	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	785	405	380	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	265	105	160	0	0	0
Morocco	95	45	55	0	0	0
Nigeria	85	40	45	0	0	0
Somalia	70	30	45	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	315	145	175	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,070	530	540	0	0	0
Asia	47,155	22,325	24,830	10	0	10
Afghanistan	390	200	190	0	0	0
Bangladesh	185	110	75	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	13,515	6,270	7,250	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	8,985	4,275	4,710	0	0	0
India	1,885	940	940	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	11,190	5,505	5,690	0	0	0
Iraq	400	190	205	0	0	0
Japan	175	60	115	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	2,125	1,000	1,120	0	0	0
Lebanon	365	145	225	0	0	0
Pakistan	740	385	350	0	0	0
Philippines	2,075	805	1,270	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	430	210	220	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	110	70	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	915	390	525	0	0	0
Viet Nam	590	240	355	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	3,085	1,535	1,550	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,710	4,145	4,560	10	0	0
Americas	315	160	160	0	0	0
Brazil	15	15	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	50	15	35	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	145	80	70	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	65	35	30	0	0	0
Europe	550	240	305	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	40	15	15	0	0	0
Romania	25	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	145	45	100	0	0	0
Ukraine	140	75	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	150	60	90	0	0	0
Africa	305	170	135	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	165	95	70	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	45	40	0	0	0
Asia	7,530	3,570	3,965	10	0	0
Afghanistan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,820	1,310	1,515	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	140	45	95	0	0	0
India	185	95	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	2,820	1,385	1,440	0	0	0
Iraq	135	65	70	0	0	0
Israel	85	50	35	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	280	150	130	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nepal	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	115	70	50	0	0	0
Philippines	595	230	370	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	30	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	60	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	109,510	52,810	56,700	265	150	125
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	68,535	32,130	36,405	15	0	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	26,930	13,750	13,185	20	20	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,045	6,930	7,115	230	125	100
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	53,665	25,260	28,405	15	0	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	35,090	17,705	17,390	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	13,260	8,720	4,540	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	21,830	8,980	12,850	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	12,650	4,625	8,025	15	0	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	4,980	2,515	2,465	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	945	415	525	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	109,510	52,805	56,700	265	150	125
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	290	165	120	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	280	160	125	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	185	100	90	0	0	0
Métis	95	60	40	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	109,220	52,640	56,580	270	145	120
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	109,505	52,805	56,700	270	145	120
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	115	65	50	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	109,400	52,745	56,650	270	145	120
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	109,510	52,805	56,705	270	150	120
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	35	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	20	15	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	500	270	235	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	495	260	235	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	385	180	200	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	75	30	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	108,970	52,520	56,455	260	135	120
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	109,505	52,805	56,700	270	150	120
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	67,425	32,215	35,205	20	10	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	6,835	3,440	3,395	0	0	0
Chinese	34,525	16,450	18,075	0	0	0
Black	2,085	960	1,135	0	0	0
Filipino	2,680	1,080	1,600	25	0	15
Latin American	970	410	565	0	0	0
Arab	1,700	900	805	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	730	320	410	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	12,215	5,990	6,225	0	0	0
Korean	3,080	1,460	1,620	0	0	0
Japanese	395	170	225	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	460	220	245	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,735	820	920	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	42,085	20,590	21,495	250	140	105
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	109,510	52,805	56,700	270	145	125
North American Aboriginal origins	535	285	250	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	400	195	210	10	10	0
Inuit	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis	130	90	40	0	0	0
Other North American origins	8,330	4,185	4,145	75	45	30
Acadian	30	15	20	0	0	0
American	525	270	255	10	0	0
Canadian	7,880	3,960	3,930	70	45	25
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	38,970	18,910	20,065	195	110	80
British Isles origins	13,650	6,725	6,925	150	95	55
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	7,940	3,885	4,055	65	45	30
Irish	5,405	2,640	2,765	55	35	20
Manx	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	5,395	2,565	2,825	120	75	45
Welsh	510	215	295	0	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,250	605	645	15	0	0
French origins	2,305	1,105	1,200	25	15	10
Alsatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,280	1,100	1,190	25	10	15
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,720	2,290	2,430	70	40	40
Austrian	405	215	190	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Dutch	1,155	540	620	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,255	1,580	1,670	70	35	35
Luxembourger	15	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	165	70	90	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	840	435	405	20	10	10
Danish	130	60	70	0	0	0
Finnish	275	130	140	0	0	0
Icelandic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	195	115	85	20	10	0
Swedish	235	120	115	0	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	12,215	5,865	6,355	50	25	25
Bulgarian	75	20	55	0	0	0
Byelorussian	485	225	255	0	0	0
Czech	195	85	110	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	50	35	25	0	0	0
Estonian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,010	490	525	0	0	0
Latvian	210	95	110	0	0	0
Lithuanian	465	265	195	0	0	0
Moldovan	135	70	65	0	0	0
Polish	3,510	1,760	1,750	25	15	10
Romanian	1,315	630	680	10	0	10
Russian	5,420	2,520	2,900	20	10	10
Slovak	200	105	95	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,820	1,440	1,375	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	50	15	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins	13,445	6,625	6,825	0	0	0
Albanian	185	100	85	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	335	175	165	0	0	0
Cypriot	45	35	15	0	0	0
Greek	2,125	1,060	1,060	0	0	0
Italian	8,285	4,115	4,170	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	435	210	220	0	0	0
Maltese	95	55	35	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,160	545	610	0	0	0
Serbian	400	195	210	0	0	0
Sicilian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	155	70	90	0	0	0
Spanish	975	455	520	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	2,635	1,395	1,235	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	2,485	1,325	1,160	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	115	55	55	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	2,145	1,000	1,145	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	135	70	60	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	20	20	0	0	0
Dominican	30	10	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,315	650	665	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	25	20	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	260	130	125	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	10	20	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	225	90	140	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	110	40	70	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,815	915	900	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	10	30	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	110	75	35	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	105	55	45	0	0	0
Chilean	125	65	60	0	0	0
Colombian	225	100	125	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Guatemalan	35	20	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	270	135	130	0	0	0
Hispanic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	255	140	110	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Salvadorean	65	25	40	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	150	65	85	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	175	100	80	0	0	0
African origins	2,635	1,290	1,345	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	165	90	75	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	40	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins	1,310	700	610	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	995	525	470	0	0	0
Libyan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	210	120	90	0	0	0
Sudanese	55	30	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	615	285	335	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	45	15	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	90	40	50	0	0	0
South African	160	75	80	0	0	0
Tanzanian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	190	90	105	0	0	0
Other African origins	545	215	330	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	70	20	50	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	475	200	280	0	0	0
Asian origins	66,725	31,960	34,765	20	0	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	17,565	8,650	8,920	0	0	0
Afghan	575	295	275	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	355	195	160	0	0	0
Armenian	920	430	490	0	0	0
Assyrian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	180	85	95	0	0	0
Georgian	140	65	75	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	13,260	6,555	6,705	0	0	0
Iraqi	420	175	245	0	0	0
Israeli	540	305	235	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kazakh	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kurd	115	50	65	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	515	235	280	0	0	0
Palestinian	170	95	75	0	0	0
Pashtun	20	15	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	175	75	100	0	0	0
Tajik	55	20	35	0	0	0
Tatar	80	15	70	0	0	0
Turk	325	135	195	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uighur	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	50	25	25	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	190	100	90	0	0	0
South Asian origins	7,010	3,455	3,550	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	85	45	35	0	0	0
Bengali	130	75	60	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	5,390	2,620	2,770	0	0	0
Goan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	20	20	0	0	0
Pakistani	700	345	355	0	0	0
Punjabi	60	40	25	0	0	0
Sinhalese	50	20	35	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	500	275	225	0	0	0
Tamil	120	65	60	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	275	135	140	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	42,590	20,050	22,545	20	0	15
Burmese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	85	35	55	0	0	0
Chinese	35,355	16,845	18,510	0	0	0
Filipino	2,940	1,210	1,730	20	0	15
Hmong	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	165	75	100	0	0	0
Japanese	695	320	375	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	3,260	1,525	1,735	0	0	0
Laotian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	75	50	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	405	190	210	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	505	230	275	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	100	40	60	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	95	40	60	0	0	0
Oceania origins	45	20	25	0	0	0
Australian	45	20	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	40,220	...	...	110	...	...
Owner	30,725	...	...	95	...	...
Renter	9,495	...	...	10	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	40,220	...	...	110	...	...
Condominium	11,975	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	28,240	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	40,220	...	...	105	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,195	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,140	...	...	15	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,350	...	...	25	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,385	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40,220	...	...	105	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,110	...	...	15	...	...
5 rooms	5,655	...	...	10	...	...
6 rooms	5,020	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	4,050	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,390	...	...	75	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	40,220	...	...	110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,090	...	...	105	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40,220	...	...	105	...	...
Suitable	37,515	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable	2,705	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	40,220	...	...	105	...	...
1960 or before	3,365	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,010	...	...	45	...	...
1981 to 1990	10,305	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	9,710	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,415	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,895	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,525	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	40,220	...	...	110	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	38,680	...	...	95	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,540	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	40,220	...	...	110	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,935	...	...	55	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,680	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,610	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	40,220	...	...	105	...	...
15 to 24 years	470	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,705	...	...	15	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,480	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,775	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,180	...	...	20	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,210	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,225	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,180	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	40,155	...	...	75	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,975	...	...	70	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	16,185	...	...	10	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,370	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,725	...	...	60	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.2	...	...	38.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,497	...	...	536	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,802	...	...	756	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	802,224	...	...	250,007	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	964,002	...	...	263,013	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,495	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	55.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,350	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,352	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	94,645	45,025	49,620	215	125	95
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,425	5,665	6,765	60	50	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	22,905	10,640	12,265	70	35	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	59,310	28,720	30,590	85	35	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,730	2,245	1,485	20	20	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,080	1,080	1,000	10	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,650	1,170	485	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,400	6,210	8,190	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,205	1,435	1,770	20	15	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	37,985	18,830	19,150	10	0	15
Bachelor's degree	24,705	11,740	12,960	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,550	795	755	0	0	0
Master's degree	7,980	4,280	3,700	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,130	730	395	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	61,415	28,995	32,420	170	85	85
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,405	1,690	1,720	40	30	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,685	5,435	6,250	60	30	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	46,325	21,875	24,450	75	30	45
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,325	1,335	995	25	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,265	615	650	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,055	720	340	15	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,860	4,620	6,240	25	10	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,420	1,075	1,340	10	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30,725	14,840	15,880	10	0	15
Bachelor's degree	19,760	9,190	10,570	10	0	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,995	940	1,055	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,275	635	640	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,765	3,510	3,255	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	930	570	365	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	94,645	45,025	49,620	215	120	95
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	35,330	16,305	19,025	135	90	45
Education	3,005	710	2,300	15	0	15
13. Education	3,010	705	2,300	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,375	895	1,475	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	230	175	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,140	725	1,415	0	0	0
Humanities	3,365	1,125	2,240	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	665	125	535	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	980	270	715	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	855	295	555	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	110	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	120	60	0	0	0
54. History	405	190	210	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	115	10	105	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,040	2,495	4,545	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	20	60	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	505	210	290	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,020	105	915	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,050	385	670	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	95	20	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,055	220	835	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,225	1,535	1,700	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	14,730	6,550	8,185	15	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	635	110	520	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	14,080	6,435	7,645	15	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,310	1,520	1,790	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,310	465	850	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	755	345	405	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	65	10	55	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,095	655	440	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	50	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,725	3,045	1,680	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,570	2,460	1,110	10	0	0
25. Library science	140	30	115	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	915	495	420	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	95	60	35	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,565	9,300	2,270	15	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	720	435	280	0	0	0
14. Engineering	6,950	5,290	1,660	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,465	1,230	230	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	970	955	20	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	985	935	45	10	10	0
48. Precision production	475	445	30	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	665	305	360	15	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	350	150	205	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	315	160	155	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,640	1,895	4,740	15	10	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	520	225	300	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,730	1,445	4,290	20	0	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	385	230	155	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,895	880	1,015	0	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,285	380	905	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	25	20	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	310	245	65	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	265	225	45	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	61,410	28,995	32,420	170	85	85
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,090	7,125	7,970	95	55	40
Education	2,020	430	1,590	15	0	15
13. Education	2,020	430	1,595	15	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,855	655	1,205	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	115	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,710	535	1,175	0	0	0
Humanities	2,575	825	1,750	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	540	95	445	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	740	190	555	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	655	245	410	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	135	90	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	90	60	0	0	0
54. History	270	115	150	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	10	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,605	1,935	3,665	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	10	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	430	185	245	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	730	70	660	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	865	270	595	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	15	55	0	0	0
42. Psychology	840	170	670	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,605	1,215	1,390	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,900	5,010	6,890	15	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	475	75	400	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,415	4,930	6,490	15	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,435	1,125	1,315	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	925	320	605	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	580	285	300	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	55	10	50	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	825	495	335	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,220	2,715	1,500	0	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,305	2,255	1,050	10	10	0
25. Library science	100	30	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	730	385	345	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	80	50	35	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,665	6,865	1,795	15	10	0
04. Architecture and related services	540	290	250	0	0	0
14. Engineering	5,515	4,175	1,345	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,055	900	160	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	660	645	15	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	655	635	15	15	10	0
48. Precision production	235	220	15	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	460	195	265	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	225	80	140	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	110	120	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,205	1,510	3,695	0	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	365	140	225	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,525	1,200	3,330	10	0	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	315	175	140	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,385	605	780	0	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	935	235	700	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	240	185	55	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	165	20	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	94,645	45,025	49,615	215	120	95
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,335	16,300	19,025	130	85	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	59,310	28,725	30,590	85	40	50
Location of study inside Canada	34,860	17,095	17,770	70	35	35
Same as province or territory of residence	32,670	16,005	16,660	70	35	35
Different than province or territory of residence	2,190	1,085	1,105	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	24,450	11,630	12,825	15	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,995	1,175	820	0	0	0
Philippines	1,185	340	845	15	0	10
India	965	460	500	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,190	645	545	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	4,650	2,175	2,475	0	0	0
France	70	45	30	0	0	0
Other	14,400	6,785	7,620	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	61,415	28,995	32,415	170	80	85
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,090	7,120	7,970	95	55	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	46,325	21,870	24,450	70	30	45
Location of study inside Canada	27,695	13,320	14,375	60	30	30
Same as province or territory of residence	25,955	12,485	13,470	55	25	35
Different than province or territory of residence	1,740	830	910	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	18,625	8,555	10,075	10	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,580	890	690	10	0	0
Philippines	990	270	720	10	0	10
India	700	335	360	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	740	390	345	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	3,775	1,725	2,050	0	0	0
France	55	25	25	0	0	0
Other	10,790	4,915	5,880	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	94,645	45,025	49,615	220	125	95
In the labour force	58,720	30,165	28,545	150	90	65
Employed	54,480	28,025	26,450	150	90	60
Unemployed	4,240	2,145	2,095	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	35,925	14,855	21,070	65	30	35
Participation rate	62.0	67.0	57.5	68.2	72.0	68.4
Employment rate	57.6	62.2	53.3	68.2	72.0	63.2
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.1	7.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	94,645	45,025	49,620	215	120	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	34,575	14,435	20,145	55	25	30
Worked	60,075	30,595	29,480	165	100	60
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	30,435	16,815	13,625	115	75	40
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,635	13,780	15,855	55	25	30
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.1	41.9	46.8	46.5	47.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	58,715	30,170	28,545	150	90	65
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,725	855	870	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	56,995	29,315	27,675	155	90	65
Employee	47,070	23,000	24,065	65	35	30
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,930	6,315	3,610	90	55	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	58,720	30,170	28,545	155	90	65
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,725	855	875	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	56,995	29,315	27,675	150	90	65
0 Management occupations	7,980	5,010	2,970	80	55	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,295	3,685	7,610	10	0	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	7,310	5,390	1,915	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,645	1,100	2,550	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,175	1,815	4,360	0	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,155	1,010	1,145	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,205	5,790	6,410	10	0	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,480	4,240	245	15	15	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	330	280	55	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,410	990	420	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	58,715	30,170	28,545	155	90	65
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,725	855	870	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	56,995	29,315	27,675	150	90	65
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	70	40	25	105	55	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	70	50	30	10	10	0
22 Utilities	360	245	115	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,225	2,680	550	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,230	2,810	1,420	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,840	1,765	1,080	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,760	3,235	3,520	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,860	1,395	465	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,775	970	805	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	5,085	2,590	2,495	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,245	1,180	1,070	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,715	4,465	3,255	0	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	110	40	70	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,045	1,145	900	0	0	0
61 Educational services	4,465	1,420	3,045	10	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,595	1,275	4,315	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,045	555	495	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,190	1,580	1,615	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,460	980	1,480	0	0	0
91 Public administration	1,840	905	935	0	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	54,475	28,020	26,450	155	90	65
Worked at home	5,500	2,835	2,665	90	55	30
Worked outside Canada	635	455	185	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,010	4,115	1,895	10	10	0
Worked at usual place	42,335	20,620	21,710	60	25	30
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,330	20,625	21,710	60	25	35
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,050	4,245	5,805	15	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	12,645	6,265	6,380	35	15	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	19,580	10,070	9,510	10	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	55	40	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	48,340	24,730	23,605	70	35	30
Car, truck, van - as a driver	35,250	19,360	15,895	45	20	25
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,725	850	1,875	0	0	0
Public transit	8,040	3,550	4,495	0	0	0
Walked	1,610	625	985	10	0	10
Bicycle	185	135	55	0	0	0
Other method	525	220	300	15	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	48,340	24,735	23,605	65	35	30
Less than 15 minutes	6,815	2,935	3,875	30	15	15
15 to 29 minutes	13,965	7,020	6,945	10	10	0
30 to 44 minutes	12,510	6,590	5,915	20	0	10
45 to 59 minutes	6,050	3,245	2,800	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	9,010	4,940	4,070	10	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	48,340	24,730	23,605	65	35	30
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,615	1,190	425	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,220	3,800	2,420	35	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,035	6,410	6,625	15	0	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,665	6,140	6,525	10	0	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	9,190	4,430	4,765	0	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,615	2,765	2,845	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	62,225	31,740	30,485	175	105	65
Single responses	59,585	30,510	29,075	175	110	65
Official languages	56,105	28,695	27,405	175	105	70
English	55,965	28,660	27,300	175	105	65
French	145	35	105	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,480	1,815	1,665	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,485	1,815	1,665	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	0	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	595	320	275	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	185	65	125	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	60	125	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	185	60	125	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	315	200	120	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	300	195	105	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	295	190	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	35	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	250	120	130	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,550	1,345	1,205	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,550	1,345	1,205	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,145	610	535	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,310	685	620	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,640	1,230	1,410	0	0	0
English and French	265	105	165	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,345	1,115	1,225	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	62,225	31,735	30,485	175	105	70
None	54,285	27,755	26,525	175	105	70
English	1,635	810	825	0	0	0
French	505	240	265	0	0	0
Non-official language	5,660	2,865	2,800	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,665	2,860	2,800	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	95	55	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	20	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	108,675	52,420	56,255	265	150	120
Non-movers	95,355	45,880	49,480	260	145	115
Movers	13,320	6,540	6,775	0	0	0
Non-migrants	6,595	3,240	3,355	0	0	0
Migrants	6,725	3,305	3,425	0	0	0
Internal migrants	4,355	2,125	2,235	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,960	1,940	2,020	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	400	185	215	0	0	0
External migrants	2,365	1,180	1,190	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	105,365	50,700	54,660	255	145	110
Non-movers	66,580	32,085	34,495	220	120	95
Movers	38,785	18,620	20,165	40	20	20
Non-migrants	17,660	8,575	9,080	10	0	10
Migrants	21,125	10,040	11,090	30	15	15
Internal migrants	11,945	5,715	6,220	25	15	15
Intraprovincial migrants	10,990	5,275	5,715	25	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	955	440	515	0	0	0
External migrants	9,185	4,320	4,865	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Lomond No. 37, RM [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Lomond No. 37, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Lomond No. 37, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Lomond No. 37, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan