Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia--Lambton [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sarnia--Lambton Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Cottlesville, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Sarnia--Lambton [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Sarnia--Lambton [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	105,337	...	...	271	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	106,293	...	...	272	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.9	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	47,953	...	...	148	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,594	...	...	122	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	71.3	...	...	24.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,477.68	...	...	11.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	105,340	51,335	54,000	275	140	130
0 to 14 years	16,260	8,215	8,050	35	20	15
0 to 4 years	5,095	2,595	2,495	25	10	10
5 to 9 years	5,705	2,835	2,875	10	10	0
10 to 14 years	5,460	2,785	2,675	5	5	0
15 to 64 years	66,675	32,915	33,760	165	90	80
15 to 19 years	5,780	2,945	2,830	10	0	5
20 to 24 years	6,340	3,305	3,035	5	5	0
25 to 29 years	6,060	3,065	2,995	10	10	5
30 to 34 years	6,020	3,015	3,010	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	5,660	2,730	2,930	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	5,810	2,855	2,955	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	6,175	3,045	3,135	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	7,820	3,715	4,105	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	8,750	4,230	4,525	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	8,250	4,000	4,245	20	10	15
65 years and over	22,405	10,205	12,195	70	30	40
65 to 69 years	7,195	3,515	3,680	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	5,355	2,580	2,770	25	10	20
75 to 79 years	3,825	1,740	2,080	10	0	5
80 to 84 years	3,030	1,310	1,720	5	0	0
85 years and over	3,000	1,060	1,940	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	1,930	760	1,170	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	860	260	605	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	180	35	145	0	0	0
100 years and over	30	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.4	16.0	14.9	12.7	14.3	11.5
15 to 64 years	63.3	64.1	62.5	60.0	64.3	61.5
65 years and over	21.3	19.9	22.6	25.5	21.4	30.8
85 years and over	2.8	2.1	3.6	1.8	3.6	0.0
Average age of the population	43.7	42.6	44.6	47.3	45.8	48.8
Median age of the population	45.6	44.2	46.9	50.3	49.2	52.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,595	...	...	120	...	...
Single-detached house	33,445	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,910	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,130	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,465	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,140	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	910	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,480	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	130	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	110	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,595	...	...	125	...	...
1 person	13,760	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	17,515	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	6,130	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	5,465	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	2,720	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	103,695	...	...	270	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	89,075	43,125	45,960	235	120	115
Married or living common law	52,900	26,440	26,465	165	85	85
Married	44,845	22,410	22,430	150	75	75
Living common law	8,055	4,025	4,030	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law	36,180	16,685	19,490	70	35	35
Never married	21,360	11,745	9,615	40	25	10
Separated	2,900	1,250	1,645	5	0	5
Divorced	5,550	2,350	3,200	10	5	5
Widowed	6,375	1,340	5,030	20	0	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	31,005	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	17,665	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	5,955	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	5,125	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	2,255	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	31,005	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	26,045	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	22,020	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	4,030	...	...	10	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,960	...	...	10	...	...
Female parent	3,880	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	1,080	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,045	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	14,690	...	...	50	...	...
Couples with children	11,355	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,525	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	4,700	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	2,135	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,960	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	2,970	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,435	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	555	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	18,010	8,605	9,405	40	20	20
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,595	...	...	120	...	...
One-census-family households	30,130	...	...	90	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,370	...	...	50	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,765	...	...	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	435	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	15,030	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	13,765	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,270	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	104,110	50,895	53,215	270	140	130
English only	96,670	47,695	48,970	265	140	125
French only	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and French	7,140	3,075	4,065	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	255	105	155	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	104,110	50,900	53,215	270	140	135
English	101,735	49,850	51,890	270	140	130
French	2,010	900	1,105	0	0	0
English and French	120	55	65	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	245	95	155	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,070	925	1,140	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	1.8	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	104,110	50,895	53,215	270	140	130
Single responses	103,170	50,445	52,725	275	135	130
Official languages	96,270	47,080	49,190	270	140	135
English	94,070	46,095	47,975	270	140	130
French	2,200	980	1,215	0	0	0
Non-official languages	6,900	3,365	3,535	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	45	15	25	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,855	3,345	3,505	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	250	135	115	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	245	125	115	0	0	0
Amharic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	210	110	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	230	80	155	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	60	125	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	135	85	45	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	35	15	0	0	0
Tamil	40	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	35	25	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,385	2,635	2,745	0	0	0
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	820	365	450	0	0	0
Baltic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	790	360	435	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Czech	60	15	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Polish	325	150	175	0	0	0
Russian	70	20	45	0	0	0
Serbian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	105	45	60	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	10	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,715	805	910	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	20	0	0	0
Dutch	1,010	475	535	0	0	0
Frisian	40	15	20	0	0	0
German	565	265	295	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	200	115	85	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	750	410	345	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	670	365	305	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	270	145	125	0	0	0
Hindi	110	65	50	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	20	15	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	60	55	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	105	50	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,855	915	940	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	960	510	455	0	0	0
Portuguese	400	195	210	0	0	0
Romanian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Spanish	430	190	240	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	35	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	35	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	20	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	395	190	205	0	0	0
Chinese languages	370	180	195	0	0	0
Cantonese	145	80	70	0	0	0
Hakka	0	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	80	100	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	150	75	75	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	940	450	490	0	0	0
English and French	310	130	180	0	0	0
English and non-official language	585	295	285	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	104,110	50,900	53,215	270	140	130
Single responses	102,835	50,295	52,535	270	140	130
Official languages	100,725	49,295	51,430	275	140	130
English	100,165	49,055	51,110	270	140	135
French	560	240	315	0	0	0
Non-official languages	2,110	1,005	1,105	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,100	1,000	1,100	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	50	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	45	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	30	15	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,405	645	755	0	0	0
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	70	80	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	65	80	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	125	50	70	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	70	30	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	90	45	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	410	220	190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	375	195	175	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	180	90	90	0	0	0
Hindi	55	30	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	40	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	630	265	365	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	245	100	150	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	60	95	0	0	0
Romanian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	200	90	110	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	30	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	230	115	115	0	0	0
Chinese languages	215	110	110	0	0	0
Cantonese	85	35	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	65	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,275	600	675	0	0	0
English and French	135	50	85	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,105	530	575	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	104,110	50,895	53,210	270	140	130
None	98,625	48,380	50,245	270	140	130
English	1,230	585	640	0	0	0
French	1,620	665	955	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,540	1,225	1,315	0	0	0
Aboriginal	120	45	75	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,415	1,175	1,245	0	0	0
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	30	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	87,450	42,535	44,915	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,300	41,240	43,060	230	115	110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,458	48,521	26,929	20,203	30,272	17,152
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	84,370	41,240	43,130	230	120	110
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,113	42,600	24,808	19,648	28,096	16,832
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,945	38,020	37,920	165	95	70
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,587	45,579	22,939	16,384	26,048	10,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,720	28,585	34,140	205	105	105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,894	8,181	7,682	11,904	13,216	10,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,135	32,355	27,785	130	85	50
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,630	40,340	24,188	20,224	30,880	12,256
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	87,450	42,565	44,885	210	120	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,105	41,190	42,915	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,727	64,114	35,916	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	84,230	41,190	43,035	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,669	51,110	30,677	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,790	37,990	37,800	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,921	63,018	32,748	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,655	28,490	34,170	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,785	8,671	8,881	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,130	32,305	27,835	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,492	57,928	33,219	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	87,445	42,565	44,890	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	26,095	15,110	10,980	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,711	71,771	44,286	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	72,473	86,421	53,280	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.9	90.8	80.3	70.6	78.2	47.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.6	70.6	59.7	64.2	73.8	39.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.1	9.2	19.7	29.0	21.3	50.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	87,450	42,535	44,915	235	115	120
Without total income	3,150	1,300	1,850	5	0	5
With total income	84,300	41,240	43,060	230	115	110
Percentage with total income	96.4	97.0	95.9	97.9	100.0	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,530	4,430	7,100	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	13,645	4,720	8,925	80	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	11,600	4,065	7,540	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	9,465	3,980	5,490	20	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	8,370	4,010	4,350	15	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,375	3,605	2,770	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	5,065	3,110	1,955	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,830	2,520	1,310	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,965	1,965	1,005	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,660	1,720	940	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	8,800	7,115	1,680	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	5,645	4,450	1,195	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	3,150	2,665	490	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	87,450	42,535	44,915	235	120	115
Without after-tax income	3,085	1,295	1,785	5	0	5
With after-tax income	84,370	41,240	43,130	230	120	110
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	97.0	96.0	97.9	100.0	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,160	4,495	7,660	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	14,300	4,960	9,345	80	30	55
$20,000 to $29,999	13,330	4,885	8,440	50	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	11,085	4,920	6,165	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	9,130	4,855	4,275	10	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	6,810	4,190	2,625	15	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	4,745	3,205	1,540	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,000	2,690	1,310	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	8,815	7,040	1,775	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,590	1,905	690	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,765	1,385	380	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	4,455	3,750	705	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	87,455	42,540	44,915	235	115	115
Without employment income	27,310	10,185	17,130	105	35	65
With employment income	60,140	32,355	27,785	130	80	50
Percentage with employment income	68.8	76.1	61.9	55.3	69.6	43.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,360	6,475	4,885	20	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	4,770	1,950	2,825	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	7,310	2,835	4,475	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	6,230	2,440	3,790	15	10	5
$30,000 to $39,999	5,720	2,410	3,315	10	5	0
$40,000 to $49,999	4,640	2,235	2,400	5	0	0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,620	1,995	1,620	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,850	1,735	1,110	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,330	1,550	780	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	11,310	8,730	2,580	20	20	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,085	1,370	715	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,150	1,390	760	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	7,075	5,970	1,105	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,595	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,267	...	...	46,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,606	...	...	45,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,765	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,304	...	...	20,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,820	...	...	19,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,835	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,881	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,994	...	...	54,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,590	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	91,736	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,137	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,755	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,375	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,550	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,835	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,905	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,515	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,595	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	470	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	690	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,340	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,675	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,035	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,730	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,970	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,970	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,880	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,830	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,495	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,300	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,070	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,790	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,390	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,970	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,750	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,205	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,725	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,290	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,595	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	505	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	700	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,375	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,735	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,300	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,995	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,255	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,230	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,345	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,125	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,215	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,820	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,615	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,960	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,510	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,905	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,550	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,705	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,650	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,890	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,378	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,381	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,155	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,485	...	...	44,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,752	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,485	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,748	...	...	92,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,892	...	...	80,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,680	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,607	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,302	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,875	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,771	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,071	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,160	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,914	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,910	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,460	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	143,714	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,510	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,670	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,634	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,821	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,505	7,945	8,560	35	15	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,594	37,739	30,651	20,032	0	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,516	33,786	28,283	19,648	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,480	8,000	8,485	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,397	50,398	38,738	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,256	41,124	33,609	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	103,695	50,740	52,950	275	140	130
In the bottom half of the distribution	47,150	21,930	25,225	180	90	85
In the bottom decile	9,270	4,380	4,890	30	15	10
In the second decile	9,180	3,890	5,295	70	30	40
In the third decile	9,450	4,350	5,095	30	20	10
In the fourth decile	9,365	4,440	4,925	25	15	10
In the fifth decile	9,885	4,870	5,015	25	15	10
In the top half of the distribution	56,545	28,810	27,730	95	50	45
In the sixth decile	10,245	5,105	5,145	25	10	15
In the seventh decile	11,385	5,700	5,685	25	15	10
In the eighth decile	11,295	5,770	5,525	15	10	5
In the ninth decile	11,865	6,120	5,740	20	10	10
In the top decile	11,750	6,120	5,630	15	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	103,055	50,435	52,625	270	140	135
0 to 17 years	19,470	9,880	9,590	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	6,125	3,130	2,995	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	62,580	30,795	31,785	160	85	75
65 years and over	21,005	9,755	11,250	70	30	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,455	6,005	7,450	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	3,375	1,680	1,690	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	1,240	620	625	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	8,170	3,715	4,450	40	20	15
65 years and over	1,915	610	1,305	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.1	11.9	14.2	27.8	25.0	25.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.3	17.0	17.6	37.5	50.0	33.3
0 to 5 years (%)	20.2	19.8	20.9	20.0	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.1	12.1	14.0	25.0	23.5	20.0
65 years and over (%)	9.1	6.3	11.6	35.7	33.3	42.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,930	3,350	3,580	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	1,505	725	780	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	560	265	295	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,075	2,495	2,580	10	5	5
65 years and over	345	135	215	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.7	6.6	6.8	3.7	3.6	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	7.7	7.3	8.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	8.5	9.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	8.1	8.1	6.3	5.9	6.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.4	1.9	0.0	0.0	14.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	103,685	50,735	52,950	245	150	100
Official languages	103,425	50,610	52,810	245	145	95
English	103,385	50,600	52,790	245	150	95
French	7,205	3,180	4,025	0	0	0
Non-official languages	8,900	4,285	4,615	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	195	65	130	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	200	70	130	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	195	70	125	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	195	65	125	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,705	4,215	4,485	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	485	280	200	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	475	275	205	0	0	0
Amharic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	415	230	185	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	35	25	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	345	135	215	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	315	110	205	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	175	135	40	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	65	20	0	0	0
Tamil	45	30	10	0	0	0
Telugu	75	55	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,730	3,235	3,495	0	0	0
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	895	395	500	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	880	390	485	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Croatian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Czech	50	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Polish	370	175	195	0	0	0
Russian	140	50	90	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	115	40	80	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	50	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	20	15	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,015	945	1,070	0	0	0
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Dutch	1,095	515	580	0	0	0
Frisian	65	40	25	0	0	0
German	825	390	435	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	265	155	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,010	560	455	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	910	505	405	0	0	0
Bengali	50	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	345	200	145	0	0	0
Hindi	500	290	210	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	180	85	100	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	170	85	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	50	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,595	1,210	1,380	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,185	585	600	0	0	0
Portuguese	425	175	245	0	0	0
Romanian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Spanish	980	450	530	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	115	90	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	180	90	85	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	45	75	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	15	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	110	35	70	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	10	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	440	190	250	0	0	0
Chinese languages	405	170	235	0	0	0
Cantonese	160	80	80	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	215	80	130	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burmese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	103,690	50,740	52,950	245	145	95
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	100,960	49,535	51,430	240	150	95
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,425	9,845	9,580	30	20	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	81,540	39,690	41,845	210	120	85
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,725	1,205	1,525	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	103,690	50,740	52,950	240	150	95
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	92,270	45,400	46,870	245	145	95
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	10,820	4,945	5,875	0	0	0
Before 1981	6,850	3,240	3,610	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	1,160	435	725	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,015	460	555	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,255	560	690	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	605	275	325	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	650	290	360	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	540	245	295	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	600	395	210	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	10,815	4,945	5,870	0	0	0
Under 5 years	1,490	685	805	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,175	1,090	1,085	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	2,845	1,215	1,630	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	3,770	1,710	2,060	0	0	0
45 years and over	530	245	285	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10,820	4,940	5,870	0	0	0
Americas	2,070	710	1,365	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	50	25	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	100	45	55	0	0	0
Guyana	20	10	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	140	75	70	0	0	0
Mexico	75	35	40	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	75	35	45	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,340	350	990	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	250	125	120	0	0	0
Europe	6,490	3,150	3,340	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	15	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	50	25	25	0	0	0
Germany	405	165	240	0	0	0
Greece	155	90	65	0	0	0
Hungary	125	70	55	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	135	65	70	0	0	0
Italy	705	380	330	0	0	0
Netherlands	915	465	450	0	0	0
Poland	215	90	130	0	0	0
Portugal	250	105	145	0	0	0
Romania	80	25	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	0	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,880	1,410	1,475	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	435	215	220	0	0	0
Africa	335	180	155	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	20	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	110	110	0	0	0
Asia	1,885	875	1,005	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	215	60	160	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	30	20	0	0	0
India	460	235	220	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iraq	160	100	60	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	45	20	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	115	50	60	0	0	0
Philippines	300	115	185	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	25	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	225	110	110	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	540	250	295	0	0	0
Americas	145	65	80	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	30	70	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	0	0	0
Europe	90	25	55	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	80	50	25	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	20	25	0	0	0
Asia	230	100	125	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iraq	25	15	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	103,690	50,735	52,950	240	145	95
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	11,855	5,545	6,310	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	16,830	8,265	8,560	10	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	75,010	36,930	38,075	235	145	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,125	1,760	2,365	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,630	845	790	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	615	450	170	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,020	395	625	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,930	645	1,285	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	540	260	285	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	103,690	50,740	52,945	245	145	95
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,150	2,005	2,145	20	15	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,990	1,920	2,070	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,845	1,330	1,525	15	15	0
Métis	1,110	585	525	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	35	0	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	50	15	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	115	65	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	99,540	48,735	50,805	225	130	95
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	103,690	50,740	52,950	245	150	95
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,425	1,115	1,315	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	101,260	49,625	51,640	235	140	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	103,685	50,740	52,945	245	145	95
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,530	730	800	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,520	720	795	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,400	680	725	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	115	50	70	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,760	1,860	1,900	30	25	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,685	1,810	1,870	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,520	1,215	1,305	30	20	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,125	585	540	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	45	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	45	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	98,400	48,150	50,250	205	120	90
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	103,685	50,740	52,945	245	150	95
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,155	2,665	2,490	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,265	685	575	0	0	0
Chinese	620	260	355	0	0	0
Black	1,150	615	535	0	0	0
Filipino	470	190	280	0	0	0
Latin American	430	215	210	0	0	0
Arab	415	225	185	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	225	125	100	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	110	60	50	0	0	0
Korean	90	50	45	0	0	0
Japanese	90	55	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	130	85	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	160	95	70	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	98,530	48,070	50,460	240	150	95
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	103,685	50,735	52,950	245	145	95
North American Aboriginal origins	5,290	2,585	2,700	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,005	1,940	2,060	30	30	10
Inuit	45	20	30	0	0	0
Métis	1,325	685	635	0	0	0
Other North American origins	37,710	18,320	19,395	200	120	75
Acadian	65	15	50	0	0	0
American	1,685	670	1,010	0	0	0
Canadian	36,530	17,850	18,680	200	125	75
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	25	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	20	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	79,660	38,640	41,020	50	30	20
British Isles origins	58,360	28,325	30,035	50	30	20
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	10	0	0	0	0
English	34,750	16,365	18,390	45	30	20
Irish	24,150	11,570	12,580	0	0	0
Manx	45	25	20	0	0	0
Scottish	26,475	12,675	13,800	20	10	10
Welsh	2,170	1,080	1,090	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,470	1,195	1,275	0	0	0
French origins	15,440	7,275	8,165	0	0	0
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,435	7,275	8,155	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	21,550	10,435	11,110	0	0	0
Austrian	385	200	185	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,695	835	860	0	0	0
Dutch	9,670	4,665	5,005	0	0	0
Flemish	65	20	45	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	20	0	0	0
German	11,110	5,360	5,745	0	0	0
Luxembourger	30	10	20	0	0	0
Swiss	200	110	90	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,100	1,010	1,085	0	0	0
Danish	465	250	215	0	0	0
Finnish	430	230	195	0	0	0
Icelandic	130	65	60	0	0	0
Norwegian	530	240	295	0	0	0
Swedish	505	225	280	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	120	40	80	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	7,810	3,670	4,145	0	0	0
Bulgarian	80	30	50	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	380	195	185	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	225	95	130	0	0	0
Estonian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	995	445	555	0	0	0
Latvian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	160	60	100	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,785	1,435	1,350	0	0	0
Romanian	470	190	280	0	0	0
Russian	740	355	385	0	0	0
Slovak	765	305	465	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,215	1,035	1,180	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	55	30	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,395	3,840	3,555	0	0	0
Albanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	215	120	95	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	665	355	305	0	0	0
Italian	4,595	2,430	2,160	0	0	0
Kosovar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	60	45	15	0	0	0
Maltese	90	65	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,075	540	535	0	0	0
Serbian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Spanish	600	265	330	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	135	60	70	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	320	120	195	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	110	50	60	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	200	70	130	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	810	475	335	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	25	15	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	445	225	215	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	105	75	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	90	50	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	55	45	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	735	375	360	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Belizean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	50	35	15	0	0	0
Colombian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	110	65	50	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	35	20	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	230	110	120	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	100	50	50	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	920	475	445	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	230	130	100	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	100	40	60	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	55	20	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	110	45	65	0	0	0
Algerian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	105	40	65	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	125	70	55	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	485	245	245	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	100	55	40	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	390	190	200	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,920	1,950	1,970	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	915	475	445	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	75	40	40	0	0	0
Armenian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	160	95	65	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	35	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	370	180	190	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	75	35	45	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	10	35	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,315	710	605	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,055	585	470	0	0	0
Goan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	140	75	65	0	0	0
Punjabi	55	25	35	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	45	20	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Burmese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	840	395	450	10	0	0
Filipino	495	200	295	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	60	35	20	0	0	0
Japanese	115	65	50	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	45	45	0	0	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	60	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	45	15	30	0	0	0
Australian	30	0	20	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,590	...	...	105	...	...
Owner	33,270	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	12,235	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	90	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,595	...	...	110	...	...
Condominium	1,940	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	43,650	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,590	...	...	110	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,545	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,075	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,555	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,335	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,590	...	...	105	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,765	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	5,620	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	6,505	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	6,870	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	18,835	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,595	...	...	110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,420	...	...	110	...	...
More than 1 person per room	170	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,590	...	...	110	...	...
Suitable	44,650	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable	945	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,595	...	...	110	...	...
1960 or before	16,465	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,435	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,285	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,480	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,700	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,930	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,305	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,590	...	...	105	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	42,415	...	...	100	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,170	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,595	...	...	105	...	...
1 household maintainer	28,805	...	...	80	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,305	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	480	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,590	...	...	110	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,330	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,815	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,395	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,095	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,905	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,815	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,475	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	44,475	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	35,485	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,985	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,160	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,360	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.9	...	...	27.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.3	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	894	...	...	404	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,049	...	...	585	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	210,773	...	...	109,605	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	254,614	...	...	135,930	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,170	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.4	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	827	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	870	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	87,445	42,565	44,885	210	120	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,775	6,590	7,180	110	55	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25,650	11,665	13,975	40	25	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,020	24,300	23,720	60	40	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,280	7,530	1,745	25	15	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,370	2,315	1,055	20	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,905	5,220	685	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,760	10,595	14,165	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,105	430	675	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,880	5,745	7,135	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	9,265	3,885	5,375	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	915	385	530	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	210	95	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,100	1,055	1,040	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	295	205	95	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,280	26,585	27,695	155	95	65
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,445	2,340	2,105	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,945	7,020	7,925	35	25	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,890	17,225	17,670	50	25	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,080	4,980	1,100	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,150	1,505	645	15	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,930	3,475	450	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,895	8,130	10,765	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	705	305	395	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,215	3,810	5,410	10	10	10
Bachelor's degree	6,740	2,685	4,055	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	615	245	370	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	240	155	85	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,460	630	830	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	165	95	70	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	87,450	42,560	44,885	210	120	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	39,425	18,260	21,165	150	85	65
Education	2,810	695	2,110	0	0	0
13. Education	2,805	695	2,110	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	925	305	620	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	110	90	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	720	190	530	0	0	0
Humanities	1,860	725	1,140	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	10	75	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	465	115	350	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	560	195	365	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	40	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	225	155	70	0	0	0
54. History	345	210	140	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	85	0	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,360	1,120	3,240	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	295	100	195	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,500	115	1,385	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	550	185	360	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	0	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	640	100	535	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,300	605	695	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,105	2,130	4,975	10	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	995	175	815	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,100	1,955	4,145	10	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,440	815	625	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	420	165	255	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	205	90	115	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	425	280	145	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	375	275	100	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,205	755	450	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	950	640	310	10	0	10
25. Library science	105	25	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	135	90	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	15,040	14,055	990	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	180	135	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,940	1,595	350	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,035	3,635	390	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,810	3,755	55	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,040	2,935	100	10	0	0
48. Precision production	2,035	1,995	50	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	845	570	275	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	630	430	195	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	140	80	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,735	1,275	7,460	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	690	325	370	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,960	885	7,075	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	70	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,695	1,855	1,840	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,885	380	1,505	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,100	805	295	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	695	655	40	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,280	26,585	27,700	155	95	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,390	9,355	10,035	105	65	40
Education	1,685	415	1,270	0	0	0
13. Education	1,685	420	1,265	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	675	235	445	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	75	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	540	155	380	0	0	0
Humanities	1,315	520	800	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	10	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	290	65	230	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	435	150	280	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	30	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	115	45	0	0	0
54. History	235	145	95	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	0	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,335	760	2,575	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	260	95	170	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,230	75	1,150	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	440	125	310	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	10	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	460	65	390	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	875	395	485	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,370	1,490	3,880	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	830	125	700	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,530	1,360	3,165	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	990	515	480	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	295	105	190	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	75	80	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	265	140	120	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	270	185	85	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	975	625	350	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	770	525	245	0	0	0
25. Library science	80	20	55	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	80	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,745	9,885	855	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	160	120	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,335	1,025	305	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,915	2,565	345	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,720	2,680	45	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,165	2,085	80	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,450	1,405	45	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	680	445	230	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	500	335	160	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	110	70	10	10	0
Health and related fields	6,355	940	5,420	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	550	240	310	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,745	650	5,095	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	45	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,760	1,400	1,365	0	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,385	305	1,085	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	895	650	250	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	460	435	30	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	87,445	42,565	44,885	210	125	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,420	18,260	21,165	155	85	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	48,025	24,305	23,720	60	45	20
Location of study inside Canada	43,650	22,075	21,575	60	40	20
Same as province or territory of residence	41,430	20,905	20,525	40	25	10
Different than province or territory of residence	2,215	1,170	1,050	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,375	2,230	2,150	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,695	705	985	0	0	0
Philippines	155	50	105	0	0	0
India	370	190	175	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	780	520	260	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	50	20	30	0	0	0
France	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other	1,305	720	585	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,280	26,585	27,700	155	90	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,390	9,360	10,030	105	65	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,895	17,225	17,670	50	30	20
Location of study inside Canada	32,435	16,170	16,265	45	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	30,960	15,405	15,555	35	15	15
Different than province or territory of residence	1,475	765	710	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,455	1,055	1,405	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,165	435	730	0	0	0
Philippines	85	30	55	0	0	0
India	215	95	120	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	205	100	95	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	15	25	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	740	365	375	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	87,445	42,560	44,890	210	125	90
In the labour force	51,460	27,025	24,435	85	70	20
Employed	47,025	24,565	22,455	65	50	15
Unemployed	4,440	2,455	1,980	25	15	10
Not in the labour force	35,985	15,535	20,450	130	55	65
Participation rate	58.8	63.5	54.4	40.5	56.0	22.2
Employment rate	53.8	57.7	50.0	31.0	40.0	16.7
Unemployment rate	8.6	9.1	8.1	29.4	21.4	50.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	87,445	42,560	44,885	210	125	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	33,710	14,400	19,315	120	50	65
Worked	53,735	28,165	25,570	95	70	20
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,545	15,340	11,205	10	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,185	12,820	14,365	80	65	20
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.6	42.3	28.7	31.3	19.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	51,460	27,025	24,435	85	65	20
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,305	625	685	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	50,155	26,405	23,750	85	65	20
Employee	45,485	23,655	21,835	85	60	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,670	2,750	1,915	10	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	51,460	27,025	24,435	85	65	20
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,305	620	685	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	50,155	26,405	23,750	85	65	20
0 Management occupations	4,555	2,800	1,765	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,115	1,500	4,615	10	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,585	2,870	710	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,930	545	3,385	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,990	1,495	3,495	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	935	350	580	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,805	4,935	7,865	0	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,140	8,560	580	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,120	850	270	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,975	2,495	480	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	51,460	27,025	24,430	85	65	20
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,305	620	685	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	50,155	26,405	23,750	85	65	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,330	880	450	25	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	680	570	110	0	10	0
22 Utilities	545	425	120	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,485	4,050	435	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,895	4,595	1,300	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,825	1,425	405	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,960	2,535	3,425	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,060	1,505	555	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	485	190	295	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,075	355	725	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	665	385	285	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,600	1,505	1,095	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,740	1,620	1,125	0	0	0
61 Educational services	3,200	940	2,265	10	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	6,625	875	5,745	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,220	570	645	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,130	1,465	2,670	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,615	1,390	1,225	10	0	0
91 Public administration	1,985	1,130	850	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	47,025	24,570	22,455	65	50	15
Worked at home	2,755	1,340	1,415	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	345	190	160	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,790	3,610	1,175	20	20	0
Worked at usual place	39,135	19,435	19,705	45	25	15
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	39,135	19,435	19,700	45	25	20
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,495	11,095	12,405	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,120	6,925	6,190	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,375	1,320	1,060	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	140	100	45	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	43,920	23,045	20,880	60	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,425	19,825	17,605	40	30	10
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,680	1,285	1,390	10	10	10
Public transit	1,110	465	645	0	0	0
Walked	1,820	880	940	0	0	0
Bicycle	510	390	120	0	0	0
Other method	380	200	180	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	43,920	23,045	20,875	60	45	15
Less than 15 minutes	20,940	9,810	11,130	10	10	0
15 to 29 minutes	16,615	9,430	7,185	30	25	10
30 to 44 minutes	4,375	2,560	1,810	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	815	465	355	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	1,175	780	400	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	43,920	23,045	20,880	60	40	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,865	2,055	810	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,890	6,060	2,835	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,980	6,705	5,275	20	15	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,320	2,860	5,465	0	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,260	1,415	2,840	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,605	3,945	3,655	10	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	55,315	28,920	26,390	100	80	20
Single responses	55,160	28,855	26,305	100	80	20
Official languages	55,115	28,840	26,280	100	80	20
English	54,835	28,760	26,075	100	80	20
French	280	80	205	0	0	0
Non-official languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	145	65	85	0	0	0
English and French	105	50	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	55,315	28,925	26,390	100	80	20
None	54,220	28,520	25,705	100	80	20
English	160	30	130	0	0	0
French	610	270	335	0	0	0
Non-official language	275	85	190	0	0	10
Aboriginal	35	0	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	240	85	155	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	102,655	50,195	52,460	230	140	95
Non-movers	90,775	44,510	46,265	210	120	85
Movers	11,880	5,685	6,195	25	15	0
Non-migrants	7,360	3,495	3,865	0	0	0
Migrants	4,520	2,190	2,335	25	20	0
Internal migrants	4,105	1,975	2,130	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	3,660	1,765	1,895	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	445	210	230	20	15	0
External migrants	415	215	200	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	98,605	48,120	50,485	215	125	95
Non-movers	65,030	31,875	33,155	170	100	65
Movers	33,580	16,245	17,335	50	25	25
Non-migrants	19,890	9,555	10,335	10	10	0
Migrants	13,685	6,685	6,995	40	20	15
Internal migrants	12,375	5,995	6,385	45	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	11,075	5,325	5,745	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	1,300	665	640	15	10	10
External migrants	1,310	695	615	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sarnia--Lambton [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia--Lambton [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sarnia--Lambton [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia--Lambton [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador