Census Profile, 2016 Census
Frontenac, County [Census division], Ontario and Elfros No. 307, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Frontenac, CTY Ontario [Census division]			Elfros No. 307, RM Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Frontenac, County [Census division], Ontario Map : Frontenac, County [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Elfros No. 307, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	150,475	...	...	391	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	149,753 ^r	...	...	432	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.5	...	...	-9.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	77,155	...	...	198	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	64,295	...	...	172	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	39.7	...	...	0.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,787.76	...	...	697.34	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	150,475	73,010	77,465	390	185	210
0 to 14 years	22,015	11,280	10,735	55	20	35
0 to 4 years	7,035	3,610	3,420	20	5	15
5 to 9 years	7,605	3,845	3,755	20	5	10
10 to 14 years	7,380	3,815	3,560	20	10	10
15 to 64 years	98,740	48,390	50,355	255	120	135
15 to 19 years	8,345	4,245	4,100	25	10	15
20 to 24 years	10,710	5,295	5,415	15	10	10
25 to 29 years	10,170	5,095	5,070	15	5	10
30 to 34 years	9,435	4,710	4,725	15	10	5
35 to 39 years	8,685	4,340	4,350	15	5	10
40 to 44 years	8,270	4,100	4,170	25	15	10
45 to 49 years	9,560	4,630	4,930	25	5	15
50 to 54 years	11,760	5,740	6,010	40	15	20
55 to 59 years	11,430	5,320	6,110	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	10,380	4,915	5,470	40	20	20
65 years and over	29,715	13,340	16,375	85	45	35
65 to 69 years	9,485	4,450	5,040	25	20	10
70 to 74 years	7,075	3,355	3,725	25	15	15
75 to 79 years	5,180	2,385	2,795	15	5	5
80 to 84 years	3,950	1,710	2,240	5	5	5
85 years and over	4,030	1,450	2,580	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	2,530	1,005	1,525	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	1,150	360	800	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	305	75	230	0	0	0
100 years and over	35	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.4	13.9	14.1	10.8	16.7
15 to 64 years	65.6	66.3	65.0	65.4	64.9	64.3
65 years and over	19.7	18.3	21.1	21.8	24.3	16.7
85 years and over	2.7	2.0	3.3	1.3	2.7	0.0
Average age of the population	42.8	41.7	43.8	45.5	48.8	42.5
Median age of the population	43.6	41.9	45.2	50.9	53.7	47.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	64,295	...	...	175	...	...
Single-detached house	36,875	...	...	165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	8,565	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	18,565	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,125	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	3,695	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,060	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,545	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	135	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	285	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	64,295	...	...	170	...	...
1 person	19,325	...	...	50	...	...
2 persons	24,205	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	9,340	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	7,670	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	3,755	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	146,715	...	...	390	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	128,460	61,730	66,730	335	165	170
Married or living common law	72,910	36,600	36,305	230	115	115
Married	58,860	29,640	29,220	190	100	95
Living common law	14,050	6,965	7,080	35	15	20
Not married and not living common law	55,555	25,130	30,425	105	50	55
Never married	34,595	18,130	16,465	70	40	30
Separated	4,105	1,835	2,270	0	0	0
Divorced	8,795	3,380	5,415	15	10	5
Widowed	8,055	1,780	6,275	20	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	42,495	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	24,155	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	8,580	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	7,110	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	2,650	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	42,495	...	...	115	...	...
Total couple families	35,465	...	...	110	...	...
Married couples	28,445	...	...	95	...	...
Common-law couples	7,020	...	...	20	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,025	...	...	5	...	...
Female parent	5,495	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	1,530	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	35,465	...	...	110	...	...
Couples without children	19,715	...	...	75	...	...
Couples with children	15,750	...	...	45	...	...
1 child	6,620	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	6,610	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	2,515	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,025	...	...	5	...	...
1 child	4,440	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,960	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	30,230	13,520	16,705	60	35	25
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	64,295	...	...	175	...	...
One-census-family households	40,735	...	...	120	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	18,965	...	...	75	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,770	...	...	50	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	875	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	22,685	...	...	55	...	...
One-person households	19,325	...	...	50	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,365	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	147,500	71,125	76,375	390	185	205
English only	128,445	62,610	65,835	390	185	205
French only	270	115	160	0	0	0
English and French	18,130	8,135	9,995	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	660	270	390	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	147,500	71,125	76,375	395	185	205
English	141,545	68,305	73,240	390	185	205
French	4,770	2,305	2,465	0	0	0
English and French	560	260	295	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	625	250	380	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5,050	2,435	2,610	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.4	3.4	3.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	147,500	71,125	76,375	390	185	205
Single responses	145,645	70,270	75,375	390	185	205
Official languages	132,295	63,985	68,310	375	175	200
English	127,565	61,690	65,870	375	175	200
French	4,735	2,295	2,440	0	0	0
Non-official languages	13,345	6,280	7,065	15	10	5
Aboriginal languages	35	15	15	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,315	6,265	7,050	15	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	910	470	440	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	885	460	430	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	830	435	395	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	220	105	115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	35	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	75	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	505	155	345	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	10	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	390	125	265	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	230	120	105	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	45	45	0	0	0
Tamil	100	55	40	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,525	4,075	4,450	15	10	5
Albanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,260	575	690	10	5	5
Baltic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,215	550	660	10	5	5
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	130	55	75	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	450	200	255	0	0	0
Russian	255	120	140	0	0	0
Serbian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	45	20	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	140	65	70	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,955	860	1,090	0	0	0
Afrikaans	35	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	95	45	50	0	0	0
Dutch	750	350	405	0	0	0
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	975	410	565	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	35	10	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	165	170	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,685	890	795	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,215	645	570	0	0	0
Bengali	190	100	90	0	0	0
Gujarati	165	85	80	0	0	0
Hindi	205	120	85	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	195	105	90	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Urdu	330	180	150	0	0	0
Iranian languages	450	240	215	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	420	225	195	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,215	1,550	1,665	0	0	0
Catalan	15	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	600	305	295	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,650	805	845	0	0	0
Romanian	90	35	55	0	0	0
Spanish	850	395	460	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	105	30	75	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	405	170	235	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	65	60	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	15	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,825	860	970	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,800	845	955	0	0	0
Cantonese	445	210	230	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,175	550	630	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	105	40	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	20	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	85	45	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	75	45	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	255	105	145	0	0	0
Estonian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Finnish	60	20	45	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	80	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,860	860	1,000	0	0	5
English and French	660	300	355	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,040	490	550	0	0	0
French and non-official language	95	45	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	30	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	147,500	71,125	76,375	395	185	205
Single responses	144,665	69,820	74,845	390	185	205
Official languages	139,570	67,430	72,140	390	185	205
English	137,325	66,330	70,995	390	185	205
French	2,240	1,100	1,140	0	0	0
Non-official languages	5,095	2,390	2,705	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,085	2,385	2,700	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	455	215	235	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	450	220	240	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	445	215	230	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	50	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	40	55	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	65	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	55	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,800	1,320	1,480	0	0	0
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	365	170	195	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	360	165	195	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	130	55	70	0	0	0
Russian	125	60	60	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	200	85	110	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	60	25	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	45	55	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	65	70	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	840	410	425	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	570	275	295	0	0	0
Bengali	120	55	60	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hindi	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	50	50	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	155	70	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	265	135	130	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	250	130	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,245	575	675	0	0	0
Catalan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	145	55	85	0	0	0
Portuguese	685	320	365	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	385	175	210	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	250	115	140	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,035	495	545	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,035	490	540	0	0	0
Cantonese	210	95	110	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	760	365	390	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,830	1,305	1,530	0	0	0
English and French	485	235	250	5	0	0
English and non-official language	2,215	1,010	1,200	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	100	40	60	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	147,500	71,125	76,375	395	185	205
None	135,770	65,665	70,100	385	180	200
English	3,495	1,685	1,805	0	0	0
French	3,085	1,370	1,720	0	0	0
Non-official language	4,875	2,275	2,600	5	5	0
Aboriginal	60	30	25	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,815	2,250	2,570	5	5	0
English and French	80	35	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	30	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	140	60	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	124,720	59,565	65,160	340	165	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	120,310	57,390	62,930	320	160	155
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,438	41,072	31,097	32,896	36,672	31,296
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	120,355	57,390	62,965	320	165	160
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,039	36,701	28,356	30,720	32,576	29,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	108,320	52,180	56,145	305	160	150
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,383	39,890	27,901	26,048	29,504	24,555
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,690	39,550	49,145	215	110	110
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,660	5,850	6,951	6,816	7,040	6,384
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,020	43,595	43,420	270	140	125
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,311	35,371	28,128	25,056	27,328	24,480
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	124,720	59,565	65,160	290	160	130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	120,260	57,355	62,910	280	160	125
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,951	54,040	40,489	38,359	42,001	33,574
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	120,285	57,350	62,930	280	160	120
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,298	44,509	34,550	32,632	35,203	29,253
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,470	52,200	56,270	255	150	110
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,487	53,622	37,940	35,482	38,507	31,221
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,775	39,430	49,345	175	105	70
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,027	7,613	8,358	9,313	8,540	10,466
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,015	43,595	43,420	235	140	90
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,666	47,103	36,207	35,178	34,763	35,841
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	124,720	59,565	65,160	290	160	130
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	40,325	21,585	18,735	145	100	45
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,228	59,616	49,722	38,547	38,457	47,957
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,319	67,942	55,840	39,002	38,236	40,622
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.1	89.9	83.8	84.9	84.3	82.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.8	66.7	62.6	69.9	74.2	67.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.9	10.1	16.2	14.8	14.4	15.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	124,725	59,565	65,160	340	170	170
Without total income	4,410	2,180	2,230	15	5	15
With total income	120,315	57,385	62,925	320	160	155
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.3	96.6	94.1	94.1	91.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,425	6,865	8,560	45	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	20,710	8,360	12,355	60	30	30
$20,000 to $29,999	16,370	6,700	9,665	45	20	30
$30,000 to $39,999	13,790	6,090	7,705	45	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	12,220	5,660	6,565	25	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	9,870	4,915	4,955	30	10	20
$60,000 to $69,999	8,215	4,635	3,575	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	6,035	3,470	2,570	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	4,825	2,750	2,075	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	3,590	2,015	1,575	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	9,260	5,935	3,325	15	10	5
$100,000 to $149,999	6,450	3,970	2,475	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	2,810	1,965	845	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	124,720	59,565	65,160	335	165	170
Without after-tax income	4,370	2,175	2,190	20	5	10
With after-tax income	120,355	57,390	62,965	320	165	155
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.3	96.6	95.5	100.0	91.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,140	7,005	9,130	45	25	20
$10,000 to $19,999	21,665	8,750	12,910	55	30	30
$20,000 to $29,999	18,890	7,910	10,985	55	25	30
$30,000 to $39,999	16,365	7,425	8,940	55	25	35
$40,000 to $49,999	13,990	6,685	7,310	30	15	20
$50,000 to $59,999	10,740	6,015	4,725	30	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	7,675	4,475	3,195	25	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	5,410	3,030	2,375	15	10	5
$80,000 and over	9,480	6,090	3,395	10	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,255	1,890	1,365	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,795	1,145	650	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	4,430	3,055	1,380	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	124,720	59,565	65,160	340	170	170
Without employment income	37,705	15,970	21,735	65	25	45
With employment income	87,020	43,595	43,425	265	145	125
Percentage with employment income	69.8	73.2	66.6	77.9	85.3	73.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	14,495	7,200	7,295	45	30	15
$5,000 to $9,999	7,425	3,330	4,095	15	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	11,405	5,070	6,335	50	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	8,985	4,125	4,860	30	10	15
$30,000 to $39,999	8,295	3,775	4,520	35	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	7,750	3,590	4,160	20	5	10
$50,000 to $59,999	6,490	3,240	3,250	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,645	3,265	2,385	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,210	2,470	1,740	15	10	10
$80,000 and over	12,315	7,520	4,795	30	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,535	1,980	1,555	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,765	1,500	1,265	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	6,015	4,040	1,970	10	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	64,295	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,432	...	...	62,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,139	...	...	56,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	19,325	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,078	...	...	26,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,682	...	...	24,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	44,975	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,904	...	...	75,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,776	...	...	66,944	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,820	...	...	67,349	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,518	...	...	57,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	19,290	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,953	...	...	27,157	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,497	...	...	23,010	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	45,005	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,911	...	...	92,865	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,675	...	...	79,059	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	64,295	...	...	175	...	...
Under $5,000	900	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	955	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,045	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,440	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,750	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,615	...	...	0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,740	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,745	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,675	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,685	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,095	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,785	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,360	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,015	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,570	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,925	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,850	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,655	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,905	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,520	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	64,295	...	...	175	...	...
Under $5,000	960	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	965	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,075	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,555	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,065	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,885	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,235	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,205	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,280	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,170	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,080	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,535	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,895	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,325	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,610	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,470	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,305	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,740	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,425	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	42,220	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,253	...	...	75,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,741	...	...	66,944	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	18,575	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,010	...	...	72,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,164	...	...	63,104	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,925	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,311	...	...	79,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,567	...	...	73,984	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,590	...	...	5	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,937	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,013	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	42,315	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,758	...	...	95,003	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,896	...	...	80,631	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	18,655	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,526	...	...	85,245	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,102	...	...	71,375	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,895	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,106	...	...	114,885	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,930	...	...	98,824	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,575	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,503	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,810	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	27,480	12,370	15,110	55	35	20
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,899	29,537	30,159	24,320	20,608	32,768
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,721	27,294	28,052	24,320	20,608	29,632
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	27,145	12,175	14,975	70	55	0
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,578	42,857	40,537	26,405	24,616	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,549	36,400	34,857	22,715	20,790	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	146,715	70,835	75,880	390	185	210
In the bottom half of the distribution	70,355	33,070	37,295	220	105	115
In the bottom decile	15,475	7,350	8,115	25	20	10
In the second decile	13,840	6,215	7,630	45	25	25
In the third decile	13,340	6,230	7,110	60	20	35
In the fourth decile	13,615	6,490	7,120	45	20	25
In the fifth decile	14,095	6,775	7,320	45	20	20
In the top half of the distribution	76,355	37,765	38,590	170	80	90
In the sixth decile	14,865	7,225	7,640	45	20	25
In the seventh decile	15,175	7,470	7,705	30	15	15
In the eighth decile	16,305	8,135	8,175	25	15	10
In the ninth decile	16,225	8,050	8,175	35	20	15
In the top decile	13,790	6,890	6,900	30	15	20
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	146,715	70,835	75,880	390	185	205
0 to 17 years	26,665	13,700	12,965	75	20	50
0 to 5 years	8,485	4,380	4,105	25	5	15
18 to 64 years	92,320	44,495	47,825	240	115	125
65 years and over	27,735	12,640	15,095	85	50	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	20,615	9,450	11,165	55	30	25
0 to 17 years	4,375	2,235	2,135	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	1,595	805	790	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	13,565	6,245	7,315	25	20	10
65 years and over	2,680	960	1,715	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	13.3	14.7	14.1	16.2	12.2
0 to 17 years (%)	16.4	16.3	16.5	20.0	25.0	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.8	18.4	19.2	20.0	100.0	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.0	15.3	10.4	17.4	8.0
65 years and over (%)	9.7	7.6	11.4	17.6	20.0	14.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	12,250	5,880	6,370	20	15	5
0 to 17 years	2,060	1,030	1,030	5	5	5
0 to 5 years	770	370	400	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,680	4,630	5,050	10	10	0
65 years and over	515	220	290	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.3	8.3	8.4	5.1	8.1	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	7.7	7.5	7.9	6.7	25.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	8.4	9.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	10.4	10.6	4.2	8.7	0.0
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.7	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	146,715	70,835	75,885	315	175	135
Official languages	146,060	70,545	75,515	315	180	135
English	145,785	70,400	75,390	310	175	135
French	18,335	8,380	9,955	10	0	0
Non-official languages	18,370	8,640	9,730	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	95	25	65	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75	20	55	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	30	0	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	15	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	10	20	0	0	10
Algonquin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,290	8,620	9,670	20	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,325	710	615	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,310	700	610	0	0	0
Amharic	20	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	625	545	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	100	60	45	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	305	140	160	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	70	25	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	115	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	595	175	420	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	70	35	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	520	135	380	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	320	175	145	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	40	45	0	0	0
Tamil	185	100	85	0	0	0
Telugu	45	25	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,335	5,855	6,480	15	10	0
Albanian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Armenian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,570	705	865	15	10	10
Baltic languages	50	10	35	0	0	0
Latvian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,530	700	835	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Czech	200	85	115	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	625	275	350	0	0	0
Russian	390	195	195	0	0	0
Serbian	105	40	60	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slovak	75	40	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	160	70	85	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	60	30	25	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Welsh	25	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,045	1,370	1,675	0	0	0
Afrikaans	65	30	30	0	0	0
Danish	110	45	65	0	0	0
Dutch	860	390	475	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	0	0	0	0
German	1,995	900	1,090	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Swedish	75	35	40	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	455	240	220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,160	1,160	995	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,660	890	770	0	0	0
Bengali	245	145	105	0	0	0
Gujarati	255	140	120	0	0	0
Hindi	730	390	340	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	30	0	20	0	0	0
Nepali	30	10	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	360	190	165	0	0	0
Sindhi	45	20	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	55	30	30	0	0	0
Urdu	520	295	230	0	0	0
Iranian languages	535	285	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	30	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	480	260	220	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,400	2,540	2,860	0	0	0
Catalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	1,070	515	550	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,110	1,060	1,050	0	0	0
Romanian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Spanish	2,345	1,005	1,335	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	35	10	0	0	0
Japanese	175	85	90	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	495	235	260	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	255	115	145	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	85	35	50	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	65	30	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	15	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	20	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	225	85	145	0	0	0
American Sign Language	175	55	120	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,160	1,035	1,130	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,135	1,010	1,120	0	0	0
Cantonese	640	290	345	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,480	705	775	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	145	65	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Burmese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	15	30	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	170	90	80	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	165	85	80	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	125	175	0	0	0
Estonian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Finnish	135	65	70	0	0	0
Hungarian	140	65	75	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	146,715	70,835	75,880	315	175	135
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	141,350	68,270	73,080	310	175	135
Canadian citizens aged under 18	26,175	13,465	12,715	35	20	15
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	115,175	54,810	60,365	275	155	120
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,360	2,565	2,800	0	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	146,715	70,835	75,885	315	180	135
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	127,430	61,660	65,770	300	165	135
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	17,590	8,285	9,305	15	10	0
Before 1981	8,615	4,045	4,565	10	10	0
1981 to 1990	1,960	905	1,050	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,170	1,050	1,125	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	3,175	1,490	1,685	0	10	0
2001 to 2005	1,505	720	785	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,665	770	895	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,675	790	885	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,695	890	805	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	17,595	8,285	9,310	10	10	0
Under 5 years	2,245	1,080	1,165	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	3,595	1,810	1,785	0	10	0
15 to 24 years	3,990	1,680	2,310	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	6,695	3,210	3,490	0	0	0
45 years and over	1,070	505	560	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	17,590	8,285	9,305	15	10	0
Americas	2,675	1,190	1,490	0	0	0
Brazil	115	50	70	0	0	0
Colombia	70	15	50	0	0	0
El Salvador	175	90	90	0	0	0
Guyana	85	25	55	0	0	0
Haiti	35	20	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	185	100	85	0	0	0
Mexico	115	50	60	0	0	0
Peru	40	0	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	95	40	50	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,440	620	820	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	340	180	160	0	0	0
Europe	8,855	4,170	4,685	10	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	15	25	0	0	0
Croatia	25	20	10	0	0	0
France	140	70	65	0	0	0
Germany	760	280	475	0	0	0
Greece	190	125	70	0	0	0
Hungary	95	55	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	130	70	60	0	0	0
Italy	440	225	220	0	0	0
Netherlands	750	360	390	0	0	0
Poland	360	190	170	0	0	0
Portugal	1,300	660	640	0	0	0
Romania	85	45	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	105	20	80	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	70	30	35	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	50	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,485	1,625	1,860	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	790	335	460	0	0	0
Africa	1,120	565	550	0	0	0
Algeria	35	15	25	0	0	0
Egypt	260	150	115	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kenya	60	30	35	0	0	0
Morocco	60	30	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	30	30	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	150	80	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	450	220	230	0	0	0
Asia	4,780	2,265	2,520	0	0	0
Afghanistan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	115	70	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	965	425	540	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	125	55	70	0	0	0
India	745	370	375	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	295	170	125	0	0	0
Iraq	90	50	30	0	0	0
Japan	80	20	60	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	345	170	175	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	50	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	370	190	185	0	0	0
Philippines	520	165	360	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	145	70	70	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	65	35	35	0	0	0
Viet Nam	160	70	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	610	315	300	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	155	90	65	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,675	795	885	0	0	0
Americas	265	145	125	0	0	0
Brazil	55	30	25	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	30	20	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	65	50	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	20	0	0	0
Europe	235	110	125	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	125	60	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	30	35	0	0	0
Africa	210	100	105	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	25	0	15	0	0	0
Egypt	50	30	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	15	0	0	0
Asia	960	435	520	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	190	80	110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	135	70	65	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Iraq	30	15	15	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	45	15	25	0	0	0
Philippines	130	40	95	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	20	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turkey	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	35	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	146,715	70,830	75,885	310	175	135
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	20,495	9,780	10,715	15	15	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	23,375	11,380	12,000	40	20	15
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	102,840	49,675	53,170	265	145	120
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	9,220	4,330	4,890	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,265	2,610	2,650	10	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,060	1,350	710	10	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,205	1,265	1,940	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,825	1,110	1,710	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,105	590	515	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	146,715	70,835	75,880	310	180	130
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,435	2,610	2,830	15	0	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,215	2,475	2,735	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,420	1,615	1,805	10	0	10
Métis	1,735	825	915	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	100	60	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	125	75	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	141,275	68,225	73,055	300	175	125
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	146,715	70,835	75,880	315	175	135
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,420	730	695	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	145,295	70,110	75,190	300	170	125
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	146,715	70,835	75,880	310	175	135
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,050	500	550	0	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,035	500	540	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	820	375	445	0	0	10
Métis single ancestry	205	110	85	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,370	3,585	3,790	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,195	3,510	3,685	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,430	2,585	2,840	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,715	895	820	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	25	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	175	75	100	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	65	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	138,295	66,750	71,545	300	170	130
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	146,715	70,830	75,880	310	175	135
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	11,950	5,960	5,985	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,460	1,320	1,145	0	0	0
Chinese	2,565	1,230	1,335	0	0	0
Black	1,850	980	875	0	0	0
Filipino	780	305	475	0	0	0
Latin American	895	385	510	0	0	0
Arab	1,025	560	465	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	560	250	300	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	460	255	210	0	0	0
Korean	525	265	260	0	0	0
Japanese	210	80	130	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	180	90	85	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	430	235	200	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	134,765	64,870	69,895	310	180	135
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	146,715	70,835	75,885	315	175	135
North American Aboriginal origins	8,425	4,085	4,340	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,425	3,035	3,390	10	0	10
Inuit	90	45	45	0	0	0
Métis	2,095	1,080	1,015	0	0	0
Other North American origins	55,825	27,065	28,760	35	25	15
Acadian	395	210	180	0	0	0
American	2,170	1,060	1,110	0	0	0
Canadian	54,235	26,285	27,945	35	25	10
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	140	75	65	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Québécois	75	45	35	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	110,300	52,470	57,830	285	165	120
British Isles origins	86,140	40,780	45,355	130	80	50
Channel Islander	25	15	20	0	0	0
Cornish	20	0	10	0	0	0
English	48,775	22,765	26,005	80	35	40
Irish	41,415	19,165	22,245	10	10	0
Manx	50	15	40	0	0	0
Scottish	36,730	17,210	19,520	80	50	30
Welsh	3,585	1,605	1,975	0	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	5,185	2,365	2,820	0	0	0
French origins	21,080	9,995	11,090	25	10	20
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	21,070	9,990	11,080	25	10	15
Western European origins (except French origins)	24,450	11,405	13,045	20	10	10
Austrian	845	385	455	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	520	260	260	0	0	0
Dutch	8,860	4,065	4,795	0	0	0
Flemish	45	30	15	0	0	0
Frisian	50	20	30	0	0	0
German	15,615	7,365	8,245	25	15	15
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	595	300	295	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	4,525	2,210	2,315	135	80	50
Danish	1,180	585	595	0	0	0
Finnish	845	420	420	0	0	0
Icelandic	295	150	145	95	65	30
Norwegian	1,185	615	570	10	10	0
Swedish	1,140	470	670	20	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	190	115	75	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	10,970	5,075	5,895	125	60	60
Bulgarian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	640	305	335	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	170	60	110	0	0	0
Estonian	155	60	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,175	595	580	0	0	0
Latvian	185	55	125	0	0	0
Lithuanian	290	155	140	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	4,310	2,025	2,285	85	40	45
Romanian	575	295	280	0	0	0
Russian	1,370	585	785	10	10	0
Slovak	340	165	180	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,250	1,455	1,795	100	50	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	75	25	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins	11,315	5,665	5,655	0	0	0
Albanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	290	190	95	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	980	530	445	0	0	0
Italian	4,915	2,410	2,505	0	0	0
Kosovar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Maltese	140	65	75	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,700	1,925	1,775	0	0	0
Serbian	195	90	105	0	0	0
Sicilian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Slovenian	115	50	65	0	0	0
Spanish	1,115	495	620	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	150	65	85	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	785	390	395	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	405	210	200	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	30	0	20	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	320	155	160	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,240	630	605	0	0	0
Antiguan	25	20	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	135	70	70	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	105	50	60	0	0	0
Dominican	35	25	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	55	30	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	580	325	260	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	125	50	75	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	90	55	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,485	695	785	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	70	30	45	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	165	85	80	0	0	0
Chilean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Colombian	125	30	95	0	0	0
Costa Rican	45	0	40	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	65	30	35	0	0	0
Guyanese	155	75	85	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	0	15	0	0	0
Honduran	45	20	20	0	0	0
Maya	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mexican	295	160	130	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	175	85	90	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	75	60	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	100	30	70	0	0	0
African origins	2,195	1,070	1,125	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	410	185	225	0	0	0
Akan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	90	30	55	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	25	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	45	30	20	0	0	0
North African origins	805	390	415	0	0	0
Algerian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Berber	50	20	35	0	0	0
Coptic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	445	225	220	0	0	0
Libyan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	110	45	70	0	0	0
Sudanese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tunisian	50	20	25	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	480	255	230	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	70	35	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	35	35	0	0	0	0
South African	245	105	135	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	535	250	285	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	485	230	255	0	0	0
Asian origins	9,745	4,875	4,870	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,105	1,190	920	0	0	0
Afghan	75	40	40	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	385	215	175	0	0	0
Armenian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	15	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	585	345	240	0	0	0
Iraqi	95	60	35	0	0	0
Israeli	65	20	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	345	195	150	0	0	0
Palestinian	120	70	45	0	0	0
Pashtun	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Syrian	115	65	55	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	170	100	70	0	0	0
Turkmen	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	30	30	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,680	1,445	1,240	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	95	45	55	0	0	0
Bengali	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,860	1,020	835	0	0	0
Goan	35	25	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	35	10	25	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	405	205	195	0	0	0
Punjabi	65	30	35	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	165	85	75	0	0	0
Tamil	40	30	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	75	45	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,090	2,350	2,745	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	120	45	75	0	0	0
Chinese	2,980	1,425	1,555	0	0	0
Filipino	890	355	535	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Japanese	270	120	150	0	0	0
Karen	25	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	550	275	285	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	40	10	35	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	40	30	10	0	0	0
Thai	60	20	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	300	155	150	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	45	10	30	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	45	10	30	0	0	0
Oceania origins	300	170	125	0	0	0
Australian	210	125	80	0	0	0
New Zealander	75	40	30	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
Owner	41,745	...	...	145	...	...
Renter	22,550	...	...	15	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
Condominium	3,510	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	60,785	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
No bedrooms	265	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	7,530	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	16,010	...	...	30	...	...
3 bedrooms	24,185	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	16,310	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15,825	...	...	20	...	...
5 rooms	9,255	...	...	15	...	...
6 rooms	9,715	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	9,260	...	...	0	...	...
8 or more rooms	20,240	...	...	80	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
One person or fewer per room	64,000	...	...	160	...	...
More than 1 person per room	295	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
Suitable	62,500	...	...	160	...	...
Not suitable	1,795	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	64,295	...	...	155	...	...
1960 or before	15,040	...	...	80	...	...
1961 to 1980	19,930	...	...	45	...	...
1981 to 1990	10,670	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,585	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,065	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,950	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,060	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	60,280	...	...	145	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,010	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
1 household maintainer	37,245	...	...	105	...	...
2 household maintainers	25,545	...	...	60	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,500	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	64,295	...	...	160	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,160	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	9,210	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,930	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,160	...	...	20	...	...
55 to 64 years	12,625	...	...	55	...	...
65 to 74 years	10,085	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,685	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	2,455	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	63,835	...	...	95	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	46,970	...	...	85	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	16,860	...	...	10	...	...
30% to less than 100%	14,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	41,370	...	...	85	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.1	...	...	35.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,158	...	...	400	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,272	...	...	628	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,476	...	...	179,792	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	356,013	...	...	192,410	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,525	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	999	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,059	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	124,725	59,565	65,160	290	160	125
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,785	9,310	8,475	70	40	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	34,955	17,650	17,300	105	70	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	71,980	32,600	39,380	120	55	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,000	5,835	2,165	20	10	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,655	2,225	1,430	0	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,345	3,610	735	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	30,015	11,385	18,625	70	20	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,930	680	1,250	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	32,040	14,700	17,340	20	15	10
Bachelor's degree	18,875	7,920	10,965	20	15	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,690	705	985	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,510	830	680	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,935	3,250	3,685	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	3,025	1,995	1,030	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,095	37,335	40,760	190	105	85
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,260	3,605	2,650	20	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,525	10,425	9,100	90	65	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,305	23,305	29,005	90	35	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,220	3,775	1,445	15	10	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,455	1,455	1,000	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,765	2,320	445	0	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,375	8,700	13,680	60	15	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,115	445	675	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	23,585	10,380	13,205	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree	13,580	5,495	8,080	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,165	470	695	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,280	645	635	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,395	2,445	2,950	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,165	1,325	840	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	124,725	59,560	65,160	295	160	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	52,735	26,960	25,775	175	115	65
Education	4,845	1,245	3,595	10	0	10
13. Education	4,840	1,240	3,595	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,450	995	1,455	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	375	315	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,075	675	1,395	0	0	0
Humanities	4,595	1,900	2,695	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	355	110	250	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,305	375	930	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	870	350	515	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	60	25	30	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	350	170	175	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	440	250	190	0	0	0
54. History	985	580	405	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	230	40	195	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,705	3,295	6,415	10	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	165	45	120	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	685	265	420	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,735	165	1,580	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,380	520	860	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	730	150	575	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,940	550	1,395	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,075	1,605	1,470	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,645	4,255	7,390	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,525	370	1,155	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,100	3,880	6,225	10	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,715	1,950	1,765	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,930	800	1,130	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	380	170	210	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,260	930	330	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	115	40	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,580	1,665	915	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,860	1,290	575	0	0	0
25. Library science	165	25	140	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	520	325	200	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,185	11,280	900	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	390	270	125	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,110	2,585	530	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,710	2,555	155	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,860	2,840	25	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,255	2,235	20	25	30	0
48. Precision production	845	800	45	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,000	645	355	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	550	365	190	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	450	285	160	0	0	0
Health and related fields	14,205	2,745	11,460	35	0	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	950	465	490	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	12,675	1,930	10,745	35	0	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	580	350	230	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,050	2,630	2,420	10	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,560	745	1,820	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	195	175	20	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	170	160	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,620	1,080	535	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	505	470	35	0	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,095	37,335	40,760	195	105	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,785	14,030	11,755	105	75	30
Education	3,065	805	2,265	10	0	0
13. Education	3,065	805	2,265	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,775	670	1,105	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	260	215	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,510	455	1,055	0	0	0
Humanities	2,900	1,230	1,670	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	220	60	160	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	780	220	560	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	550	225	320	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	0	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	240	140	100	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	270	160	115	0	0	0
54. History	670	400	270	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	140	20	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,475	2,395	5,080	0	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	120	40	85	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	550	235	315	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,335	100	1,230	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,120	365	755	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	575	115	465	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,470	395	1,080	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,305	1,150	1,155	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,670	3,125	5,545	10	10	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,180	275	900	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,475	2,845	4,635	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,640	1,235	1,405	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,465	555	905	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	280	120	165	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	800	540	260	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	10	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,020	1,325	695	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,570	1,090	485	0	0	0
25. Library science	95	15	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	325	205	125	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,540	7,775	770	20	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	310	205	105	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,230	1,770	460	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,005	1,875	130	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,935	1,910	25	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,500	1,485	20	15	20	0
48. Precision production	555	525	35	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	760	465	295	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	390	240	150	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	375	225	150	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10,515	2,180	8,330	35	0	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	675	375	305	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	9,380	1,560	7,825	35	0	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	450	245	210	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,935	2,100	1,835	0	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,880	560	1,320	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	160	145	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	135	125	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,340	885	460	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	420	385	30	0	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	124,725	59,560	65,160	295	160	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,740	26,965	25,775	175	110	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	71,985	32,600	39,385	115	55	65
Location of study inside Canada	64,265	28,725	35,540	115	50	65
Same as province or territory of residence	56,905	25,425	31,480	105	45	65
Different than province or territory of residence	7,355	3,295	4,060	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,725	3,880	3,840	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,975	1,065	915	0	0	0
Philippines	320	65	255	0	0	0
India	425	210	215	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,445	855	595	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	410	215	195	0	0	0
France	135	75	55	0	0	0
Other	3,005	1,400	1,610	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,095	37,335	40,755	195	110	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,785	14,030	11,760	105	75	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	52,310	23,305	29,000	90	35	55
Location of study inside Canada	47,300	20,940	26,365	90	30	60
Same as province or territory of residence	42,070	18,660	23,415	85	30	60
Different than province or territory of residence	5,230	2,280	2,950	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,000	2,370	2,640	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,240	610	630	0	0	0
Philippines	230	45	190	0	0	0
India	300	135	160	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	665	400	265	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	355	190	170	0	0	0
France	80	50	30	0	0	0
Other	2,140	940	1,195	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	124,725	59,560	65,160	290	165	130
In the labour force	77,390	38,800	38,590	215	135	80
Employed	71,620	35,770	35,850	220	140	80
Unemployed	5,775	3,030	2,745	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	47,330	20,765	26,570	70	25	45
Participation rate	62.0	65.1	59.2	74.1	81.8	61.5
Employment rate	57.4	60.1	55.0	75.9	84.8	61.5
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.8	7.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	124,725	59,560	65,160	290	165	130
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	43,595	18,955	24,645	65	25	45
Worked	81,125	40,610	40,515	225	135	85
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	41,285	22,210	19,070	145	100	50
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	39,845	18,400	21,445	80	40	40
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.0	42.4	46.5	46.7	46.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	77,395	38,800	38,590	220	140	85
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,775	915	860	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	75,615	37,885	37,730	220	135	80
Employee	67,815	33,235	34,575	135	80	60
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,805	4,650	3,155	80	60	20
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	77,390	38,800	38,590	220	135	85
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,770	915	860	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	75,620	37,885	37,730	220	140	80
0 Management occupations	7,145	4,445	2,700	75	60	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,430	2,765	7,660	10	10	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,230	3,420	805	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	7,570	1,830	5,730	25	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	13,820	5,950	7,865	15	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,240	960	1,280	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	18,900	8,160	10,740	20	15	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,665	8,240	425	40	40	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,055	840	215	20	10	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,570	1,275	295	15	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	77,395	38,800	38,595	220	140	80
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,770	910	860	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	75,620	37,885	37,730	220	140	80
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	665	425	235	95	75	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	140	130	15	10	0	0
22 Utilities	485	385	90	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,010	4,495	520	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,155	2,450	700	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,500	1,060	440	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,695	4,145	4,545	30	20	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,975	1,510	460	10	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,090	625	460	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,175	800	1,375	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,400	795	605	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,670	1,950	1,725	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	20	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,555	2,085	1,470	0	0	0
61 Educational services	9,760	3,850	5,910	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	12,105	2,685	9,420	30	0	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,705	815	890	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	6,665	2,855	3,810	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,995	1,355	1,640	0	0	0
91 Public administration	8,855	5,445	3,410	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	71,620	35,770	35,845	220	140	80
Worked at home	4,850	2,365	2,485	90	60	30
Worked outside Canada	330	190	140	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,215	5,190	2,025	25	15	10
Worked at usual place	59,225	28,025	31,195	105	60	40
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	59,220	28,030	31,195	105	60	45
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	46,205	21,385	24,815	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,270	3,385	3,885	90	50	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,495	3,115	2,385	15	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	250	140	105	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	66,440	33,220	33,220	130	75	50
Car, truck, van - as a driver	49,685	25,870	23,815	130	75	55
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,585	1,705	2,880	0	0	0
Public transit	4,695	1,895	2,800	0	0	0
Walked	5,370	2,545	2,825	0	0	0
Bicycle	1,355	835	525	0	0	0
Other method	745	375	370	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	66,440	33,220	33,225	130	80	55
Less than 15 minutes	22,760	10,925	11,840	30	25	10
15 to 29 minutes	28,925	14,630	14,295	55	30	20
30 to 44 minutes	9,945	5,010	4,930	35	15	25
45 to 59 minutes	2,450	1,190	1,260	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	2,355	1,470	895	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	66,440	33,220	33,220	130	80	50
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,210	2,165	1,045	10	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,540	7,045	4,490	45	25	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20,240	10,175	10,065	35	25	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	15,080	6,325	8,750	30	10	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,995	2,970	4,025	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,380	4,535	4,845	0	10	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	83,270	41,565	41,700	220	140	85
Single responses	82,590	41,230	41,360	220	135	85
Official languages	82,325	41,085	41,240	220	140	85
English	81,570	40,855	40,715	225	140	80
French	750	230	520	0	0	0
Non-official languages	270	150	120	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	265	145	115	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	40	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	60	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	110	60	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	25	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	40	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	680	335	345	0	0	0
English and French	455	230	225	0	0	0
English and non-official language	205	100	100	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	83,270	41,565	41,705	225	140	85
None	78,610	39,260	39,345	220	140	85
English	655	240	415	0	0	0
French	3,360	1,715	1,640	0	0	0
Non-official language	600	320	275	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	585	320	265	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	145,345	70,150	75,195	310	175	135
Non-movers	123,205	59,330	63,875	290	165	130
Movers	22,140	10,825	11,320	15	15	10
Non-migrants	13,215	6,505	6,705	0	0	0
Migrants	8,930	4,315	4,610	15	15	0
Internal migrants	7,735	3,720	4,010	20	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	6,045	2,895	3,150	20	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	1,690	825	865	0	0	0
External migrants	1,200	600	595	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	139,660	67,160	72,500	300	175	125
Non-movers	82,940	40,100	42,845	270	155	115
Movers	56,725	27,065	29,665	30	20	10
Non-migrants	30,230	14,525	15,705	15	10	0
Migrants	26,490	12,535	13,960	15	10	10
Internal migrants	22,970	10,810	12,165	15	10	10
Intraprovincial migrants	18,260	8,480	9,780	15	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	4,715	2,330	2,380	0	0	0
External migrants	3,520	1,720	1,795	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Frontenac, CTY [Census division], Ontario and Elfros No. 307, RM [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Frontenac, County [Census division], Ontario and Elfros No. 307, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Frontenac, County [Census division], Ontario and Elfros No. 307, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Frontenac, County [Census division], Ontario and Elfros No. 307, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan