Census Profile, 2016 Census
Simcoe North [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Yarmouth [Population centre], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Simcoe North Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Yarmouth Nova Scotia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Simcoe North [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Simcoe North [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Yarmouth [Population centre], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	111,332	...	...	7,217	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	108,672	...	...	7,367^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.4	...	...	-2.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	58,219	...	...	3,736	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	46,789	...	...	3,368	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	62.4	...	...	549.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,785.32	...	...	13.14	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	111,335	54,570	56,765	7,215	3,235	3,985
0 to 14 years	15,120	7,885	7,235	970	480	490
0 to 4 years	4,620	2,440	2,180	325	165	165
5 to 9 years	5,080	2,670	2,410	315	150	170
10 to 14 years	5,425	2,780	2,645	325	165	160
15 to 64 years	69,970	34,395	35,575	4,410	2,025	2,380
15 to 19 years	5,800	3,020	2,785	420	210	215
20 to 24 years	6,115	3,100	3,015	425	195	235
25 to 29 years	5,700	2,905	2,795	340	160	175
30 to 34 years	5,485	2,740	2,745	345	155	195
35 to 39 years	5,460	2,695	2,765	375	165	205
40 to 44 years	6,010	2,950	3,060	375	145	235
45 to 49 years	6,770	3,305	3,465	460	225	240
50 to 54 years	9,245	4,525	4,715	560	265	300
55 to 59 years	9,905	4,695	5,210	575	260	315
60 to 64 years	9,480	4,460	5,025	520	240	280
65 years and over	26,235	12,290	13,950	1,840	730	1,110
65 to 69 years	8,555	4,230	4,330	490	220	270
70 to 74 years	6,480	3,110	3,375	400	170	225
75 to 79 years	4,575	2,205	2,365	320	135	185
80 to 84 years	3,375	1,575	1,795	260	100	165
85 years and over	3,255	1,170	2,090	375	110	265
85 to 89 years	2,005	790	1,220	195	60	135
90 to 94 years	990	315	670	125	35	90
95 to 99 years	235	55	175	45	15	35
100 years and over	30	5	20	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.6	14.4	12.7	13.4	14.8	12.3
15 to 64 years	62.8	63.0	62.7	61.1	62.6	59.7
65 years and over	23.6	22.5	24.6	25.5	22.6	27.9
85 years and over	2.9	2.1	3.7	5.2	3.4	6.6
Average age of the population	45.7	44.7	46.7	46.2	44.4	47.7
Median age of the population	49.5	48.1	50.6	48.9	47.6	50.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	46,785	...	...	3,365	...	...
Single-detached house	35,485	...	...	1,640	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,355	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,565	...	...	1,690	...	...
Semi-detached house	915	...	...	365	...	...
Row house	1,980	...	...	140	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,790	...	...	195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,655	...	...	985	...	...
Other single-attached house	220	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	385	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	46,790	...	...	3,365	...	...
1 person	12,725	...	...	1,350	...	...
2 persons	18,940	...	...	1,185	...	...
3 persons	6,865	...	...	440	...	...
4 persons	5,340	...	...	260	...	...
5 or more persons	2,920	...	...	130	...	...
Number of persons in private households	108,540	...	...	6,800	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	96,210	46,685	49,525	6,245	2,755	3,495
Married or living common law	56,405	28,245	28,155	2,900	1,450	1,450
Married	45,305	22,715	22,585	2,340	1,175	1,170
Living common law	11,100	5,530	5,570	560	275	280
Not married and not living common law	39,800	18,435	21,365	3,345	1,305	2,045
Never married	22,250	12,190	10,055	1,805	875	935
Separated	3,685	1,745	1,935	250	90	160
Divorced	6,730	2,860	3,870	570	200	375
Widowed	7,145	1,640	5,505	715	140	580
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	33,415	...	...	1,920	...	...
2 persons	20,055	...	...	1,200	...	...
3 persons	6,590	...	...	410	...	...
4 persons	4,840	...	...	220	...	...
5 or more persons	1,930	...	...	95	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	33,410	...	...	1,925	...	...
Total couple families	27,630	...	...	1,405	...	...
Married couples	22,090	...	...	1,125	...	...
Common-law couples	5,545	...	...	280	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,780	...	...	520	...	...
Female parent	4,420	...	...	455	...	...
Male parent	1,360	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	27,635	...	...	1,410	...	...
Couples without children	16,390	...	...	895	...	...
Couples with children	11,245	...	...	515	...	...
1 child	4,980	...	...	260	...	...
2 children	4,445	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more children	1,815	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,775	...	...	520	...	...
1 child	3,660	...	...	305	...	...
2 children	1,610	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	510	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,000	8,720	10,280	1,785	720	1,065
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	46,790	...	...	3,370	...	...
One-census-family households	31,545	...	...	1,835	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15,590	...	...	860	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,955	...	...	975	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	920	...	...	45	...	...
Non-census-family households	14,325	...	...	1,490	...	...
One-person households	12,725	...	...	1,350	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,595	...	...	140	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	109,215	53,495	55,725	6,910	3,115	3,800
English only	100,525	49,685	50,845	5,740	2,635	3,110
French only	35	20	20	10	5	10
English and French	8,440	3,690	4,745	1,150	475	675
Neither English nor French	210	95	115	10	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	109,215	53,490	55,725	6,915	3,115	3,795
English	105,795	51,920	53,875	6,395	2,895	3,500
French	3,100	1,430	1,670	500	210	290
English and French	115	55	65	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	200	90	115	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,160	1,455	1,700	505	210	295
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.9	2.7	3.1	7.3	6.7	7.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	109,220	53,490	55,725	6,910	3,115	3,800
Single responses	108,250	53,060	55,190	6,840	3,085	3,760
Official languages	101,730	49,850	51,880	6,680	3,010	3,670
English	98,295	48,260	50,025	6,135	2,785	3,350
French	3,435	1,585	1,850	535	225	315
Non-official languages	6,520	3,205	3,310	160	70	90
Aboriginal languages	230	110	115	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	205	105	105	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	195	100	100	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	195	100	100	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	10	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,295	3,100	3,195	160	70	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	50	35	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	50	35	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	15	10	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	20	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	20	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	295	95	195	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	265	85	180	0	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	5	5	5
Kannada	5	5	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,875	2,435	2,440	80	35	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,360	635	725	15	10	5
Baltic languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Latvian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,290	610	680	15	5	10
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	60	35	25	5	0	0
Czech	85	30	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Polish	510	235	270	0	0	5
Russian	195	90	105	5	0	5
Serbian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovak	40	25	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	30	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	210	95	115	0	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,895	945	950	20	10	10
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	460	240	220	10	5	5
Frisian	15	5	10	0	0	0
German	1,325	655	670	5	0	5
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	5
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	70	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	310	170	140	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	255	135	120	20	15	10
Bengali	10	5	5	5	5	0
Gujarati	80	40	35	0	0	0
Hindi	50	25	25	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	40	30	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	20	10	5	0
Iranian languages	50	25	20	5	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	25	20	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,140	600	540	20	5	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	730	410	325	5	0	0
Portuguese	180	85	95	0	0	5
Romanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	185	80	105	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	50	60	10	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	440	220	220	20	5	5
Chinese languages	435	215	215	15	5	5
Cantonese	180	95	85	15	10	5
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	205	95	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	315	155	160	5	0	0
Estonian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Finnish	80	30	45	5	0	0
Hungarian	185	100	85	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	965	435	535	75	35	40
English and French	450	195	255	45	20	30
English and non-official language	480	220	260	25	15	10
French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	109,215	53,490	55,725	6,915	3,115	3,795
Single responses	107,815	52,830	54,985	6,850	3,090	3,760
Official languages	105,955	51,920	54,035	6,775	3,045	3,725
English	105,120	51,545	53,575	6,635	2,995	3,640
French	840	375	460	140	55	85
Non-official languages	1,860	910	945	80	40	40
Aboriginal languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	30	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	30	30	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,800	880	915	80	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	10	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	45	45	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	90	45	45	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0	0	5
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,160	565	600	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	435	210	220	0	0	5
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	425	210	220	0	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	170	85	85	0	0	0
Russian	125	55	70	5	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	180	90	95	0	5	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	5	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	160	75	85	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	80	80	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	130	70	65	20	10	5
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	10	5	5
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	325	155	170	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	210	100	110	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	50	25	25	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	40	40	15	10	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	25	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	290	145	145	15	5	10
Chinese languages	285	140	140	15	10	10
Cantonese	115	55	55	15	5	5
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	145	70	75	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,400	655	745	60	30	35
English and French	200	85	110	30	15	20
English and non-official language	1,180	560	620	25	10	10
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	109,215	53,490	55,725	6,915	3,115	3,800
None	103,575	50,955	52,625	6,460	2,930	3,535
English	1,245	575	670	110	45	65
French	1,920	825	1,100	270	110	160
Non-official language	2,380	1,105	1,280	65	25	40
Aboriginal	350	170	180	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,030	935	1,095	65	25	35
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	5	0	0
French and non-official language	55	20	35	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	93,440	45,310	48,135	5,835	2,585	3,250
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	90,420	43,840	46,580	5,630	2,490	3,145
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,255	36,299	27,314	24,469	29,376	21,835
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	90,460	43,850	46,615	5,635	2,485	3,150
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,673	32,761	25,369	23,232	26,709	21,066
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	79,270	38,920	40,350	4,505	2,105	2,405
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,686	34,574	23,860	22,984	27,755	19,571
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	68,840	31,410	37,430	4,600	1,905	2,690
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,409	8,377	8,456	8,940	8,936	8,942
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,475	31,430	30,040	3,625	1,730	1,895
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,337	33,660	25,890	22,802	26,645	19,760
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	93,470	45,340	48,130	5,840	2,580	3,260
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	90,455	43,865	46,590	5,620	2,485	3,130
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,257	47,390	35,482	32,251	36,244	29,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	90,495	43,865	46,630	5,625	2,490	3,140
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,987	39,421	30,816	27,866	30,795	25,544
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,160	38,940	40,220	4,515	2,085	2,425
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,209	46,161	32,479	30,491	34,662	26,913
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	68,835	31,295	37,540	4,595	1,910	2,680
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,123	8,986	9,237	9,502	9,390	9,582
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,475	31,365	30,110	3,615	1,695	1,920
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,167	42,848	33,291	29,682	33,449	26,356
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	93,465	45,335	48,130	5,840	2,575	3,260
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	28,615	15,585	13,030	1,540	755	790
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,776	53,072	44,063	37,432	40,339	35,543
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,918	62,190	50,612	43,604	46,285	41,036
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.0	86.3	79.1	76.9	81.3	72.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.4	66.2	59.9	59.7	63.7	55.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.0	13.7	20.9	23.2	18.6	27.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	93,440	45,310	48,130	5,835	2,590	3,250
Without total income	3,020	1,470	1,545	205	100	105
With total income	90,420	43,845	46,585	5,630	2,485	3,145
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.8	96.8	96.5	95.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,860	5,415	6,445	780	300	485
$10,000 to $19,999	17,245	6,975	10,275	1,460	525	935
$20,000 to $29,999	14,570	6,175	8,400	1,115	445	665
$30,000 to $39,999	11,435	5,255	6,180	730	370	360
$40,000 to $49,999	9,750	4,755	5,000	475	245	225
$50,000 to $59,999	7,225	3,965	3,260	310	170	140
$60,000 to $69,999	5,120	2,995	2,125	200	110	95
$70,000 to $79,999	3,540	2,190	1,350	185	95	85
$80,000 to $89,999	2,660	1,625	1,040	120	60	65
$90,000 to $99,999	2,150	1,180	970	80	45	40
$100,000 and over	4,870	3,325	1,545	180	130	50
$100,000 to $149,999	3,490	2,300	1,190	135	100	35
$150,000 and over	1,380	1,020	360	45	30	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	93,440	45,310	48,130	5,840	2,590	3,250
Without after-tax income	2,980	1,460	1,520	205	100	100
With after-tax income	90,460	43,850	46,615	5,635	2,490	3,150
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.8	96.9	96.5	96.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,385	5,560	6,830	795	300	495
$10,000 to $19,999	17,990	7,265	10,720	1,555	570	985
$20,000 to $29,999	16,725	7,265	9,465	1,280	555	730
$30,000 to $39,999	13,505	6,375	7,125	820	410	410
$40,000 to $49,999	10,545	5,535	5,015	430	225	200
$50,000 to $59,999	6,835	4,030	2,810	285	145	140
$60,000 to $69,999	4,370	2,650	1,725	215	110	105
$70,000 to $79,999	3,100	1,825	1,285	100	55	40
$80,000 and over	5,000	3,355	1,650	155	110	40
$80,000 to $89,999	1,865	1,140	730	55	40	15
$90,000 to $99,999	995	680	315	35	30	5
$100,000 and over	2,140	1,540	605	60	40	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	93,440	45,310	48,130	5,840	2,590	3,250
Without employment income	31,970	13,880	18,090	2,210	860	1,355
With employment income	61,470	31,430	30,040	3,625	1,735	1,895
Percentage with employment income	65.8	69.4	62.4	62.1	67.0	58.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,180	5,245	4,935	550	240	310
$5,000 to $9,999	5,285	2,340	2,940	390	150	240
$10,000 to $19,999	8,395	3,650	4,745	680	275	410
$20,000 to $29,999	7,310	3,325	3,985	595	290	305
$30,000 to $39,999	6,835	3,105	3,725	440	240	200
$40,000 to $49,999	6,045	3,050	2,990	285	145	135
$50,000 to $59,999	4,760	2,655	2,110	185	105	75
$60,000 to $69,999	3,240	2,000	1,240	135	70	60
$70,000 to $79,999	2,435	1,555	885	130	65	65
$80,000 and over	6,985	4,505	2,480	240	145	90
$80,000 to $89,999	1,890	1,155	730	85	40	40
$90,000 to $99,999	1,780	925	850	45	20	25
$100,000 and over	3,315	2,420	895	110	85	25
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	46,785	...	...	3,365	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,367	...	...	40,128	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,582	...	...	36,912	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,725	...	...	1,350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,869	...	...	22,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,269	...	...	21,811	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	34,060	...	...	2,015	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,926	...	...	56,704	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,330	...	...	51,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	46,765	...	...	3,375	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,798	...	...	53,690	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,703	...	...	46,428	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,730	...	...	1,335	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,639	...	...	30,857	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,142	...	...	26,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	34,035	...	...	2,040	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,070	...	...	68,649	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,882	...	...	59,361	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	46,785	...	...	3,370	...	...
Under $5,000	555	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	580	...	...	105	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,425	...	...	200	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,895	...	...	360	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,440	...	...	280	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,960	...	...	230	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,270	...	...	250	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,420	...	...	200	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,315	...	...	185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,160	...	...	150	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,105	...	...	265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,655	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,295	...	...	160	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,900	...	...	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,540	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,285	...	...	455	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,715	...	...	180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,915	...	...	110	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,760	...	...	105	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,890	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	46,790	...	...	3,370	...	...
Under $5,000	605	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	585	...	...	105	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,465	...	...	205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,980	...	...	375	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,690	...	...	315	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,145	...	...	260	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,615	...	...	280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,865	...	...	235	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,630	...	...	195	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,610	...	...	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,675	...	...	290	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,165	...	...	220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,640	...	...	170	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,005	...	...	120	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,450	...	...	100	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,665	...	...	285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,110	...	...	135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,125	...	...	75	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,430	...	...	75	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	32,935	...	...	1,915	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,448	...	...	56,357	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,912	...	...	51,098	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	15,195	...	...	840	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,655	...	...	56,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,431	...	...	50,731	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,455	...	...	520	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,723	...	...	90,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,363	...	...	78,958	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,295	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,094	...	...	34,261	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,533	...	...	32,811	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	32,940	...	...	1,940	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,893	...	...	68,350	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,610	...	...	59,012	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15,105	...	...	860	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,913	...	...	63,323	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,545	...	...	54,449	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,500	...	...	515	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,963	...	...	99,893	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,736	...	...	84,409	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,265	...	...	495	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,484	...	...	39,937	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,351	...	...	36,944	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,660	7,765	8,895	1,640	670	975
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,084	30,304	28,036	22,183	24,192	21,589
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,908	27,757	26,211	21,413	22,688	20,992
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,540	7,640	8,900	1,620	660	960
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,648	40,357	37,182	30,044	30,428	29,780
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,893	33,604	32,282	26,091	26,166	26,040
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	108,540	53,190	55,355	6,800	3,065	3,735
In the bottom half of the distribution	58,850	28,220	30,630	4,865	2,120	2,750
In the bottom decile	10,920	5,275	5,645	1,345	540	810
In the second decile	12,470	5,630	6,845	1,385	575	810
In the third decile	12,515	6,045	6,470	875	410	460
In the fourth decile	11,835	5,790	6,040	670	315	355
In the fifth decile	11,110	5,480	5,630	595	285	315
In the top half of the distribution	49,690	24,970	24,725	1,930	945	990
In the sixth decile	11,420	5,620	5,800	580	275	305
In the seventh decile	10,975	5,520	5,455	445	210	230
In the eighth decile	10,325	5,185	5,140	340	170	170
In the ninth decile	9,540	4,845	4,695	320	155	165
In the top decile	7,430	3,795	3,630	250	130	120
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	107,015	52,420	54,595	6,800	3,060	3,735
0 to 17 years	18,105	9,440	8,660	1,195	590	600
0 to 5 years	5,430	2,880	2,550	390	195	195
18 to 64 years	64,480	31,295	33,195	4,065	1,840	2,225
65 years and over	24,430	11,690	12,745	1,535	630	910
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15,725	7,285	8,435	2,130	845	1,285
0 to 17 years	3,660	1,935	1,730	555	285	270
0 to 5 years	1,290	700	590	205	105	100
18 to 64 years	9,310	4,305	5,010	1,130	415	710
65 years and over	2,750	1,055	1,695	445	140	305
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.7	13.9	15.5	31.3	27.6	34.4
0 to 17 years (%)	20.2	20.5	20.0	46.4	48.3	45.0
0 to 5 years (%)	23.8	24.3	23.1	52.6	53.8	51.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.4	13.8	15.1	27.8	22.6	31.9
65 years and over (%)	11.3	9.0	13.3	29.0	22.2	33.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,735	3,345	3,390	865	350	515
0 to 17 years	1,380	725	655	225	115	115
0 to 5 years	485	265	225	85	45	45
18 to 64 years	4,990	2,440	2,550	595	225	370
65 years and over	365	180	185	35	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.3	6.4	6.2	12.7	11.4	13.8
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	7.7	7.6	18.8	19.5	19.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.9	9.2	8.8	21.8	23.1	23.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.7	7.8	7.7	14.6	12.2	16.6
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.5	1.5	2.3	1.6	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	108,535	53,170	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
Official languages	108,350	53,075	55,275	6,810	3,095	3,715
English	108,320	53,060	55,255	6,800	3,085	3,710
French	8,395	3,610	4,785	1,165	515	650
Non-official languages	8,730	4,140	4,595	255	95	150
Aboriginal languages	745	340	405	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	695	335	365	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	690	330	360	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	680	330	355	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	40	0	30	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,995	3,805	4,195	250	95	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	75	65	15	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	75	60	15	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	25	15	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	50	30	25	0	0	0
Maltese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	25	35	35	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	385	130	265	15	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	370	125	245	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	65	30	45	0	0	0
Tamil	30	10	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,065	2,960	3,105	120	55	70
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,420	640	780	10	0	0
Baltic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Latvian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,350	605	745	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	20	0	0	10
Czech	110	40	75	0	0	0
Macedonian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Polish	525	225	300	0	0	0
Russian	235	105	130	0	0	0
Serbian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slovak	50	20	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	275	135	135	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,330	1,170	1,160	30	10	25
Afrikaans	45	30	15	0	0	0
Danish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Dutch	545	250	295	15	0	10
Frisian	20	0	15	0	0	0
German	1,645	855	790	15	0	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	90	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	330	180	155	40	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	285	155	130	35	20	20
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	95	50	45	0	0	0
Hindi	95	45	50	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	80	55	20	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	10	15	10	10
Iranian languages	45	25	20	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	25	25	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,950	960	995	45	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,000	575	430	0	0	0
Portuguese	235	105	125	10	10	0
Romanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	750	300	455	30	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	25	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	140	65	75	0	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	25	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	250	90	160	10	0	10
American Sign Language	120	40	80	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	130	50	85	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	550	260	295	35	15	25
Chinese languages	545	260	290	35	10	20
Cantonese	265	135	130	20	10	10
Hakka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	275	115	155	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	320	155	165	20	10	10
Estonian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Finnish	75	20	55	0	0	0
Hungarian	180	100	80	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	108,535	53,175	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	106,845	52,465	54,380	6,665	3,035	3,630
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,350	9,640	8,715	1,180	635	540
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	88,495	42,825	45,670	5,490	2,400	3,090
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,690	705	985	150	55	95
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	108,535	53,170	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	98,855	48,595	50,260	6,435	2,930	3,505
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	9,555	4,505	5,050	370	160	205
Before 1981	6,300	3,040	3,265	140	60	80
1981 to 1990	970	465	505	35	10	25
1991 to 2000	935	475	460	20	0	10
2001 to 2010	945	375	570	125	65	60
2001 to 2005	515	190	330	80	45	35
2006 to 2010	430	190	240	45	20	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	400	155	250	50	25	30
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	120	70	50	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	9,555	4,510	5,050	370	160	205
Under 5 years	1,275	655	615	45	30	20
5 to 14 years	2,055	1,000	1,055	75	40	40
15 to 24 years	2,530	1,160	1,375	65	10	55
25 to 44 years	3,250	1,485	1,765	150	60	90
45 years and over	445	205	240	35	30	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,555	4,505	5,050	370	160	205
Americas	1,005	425	580	130	55	70
Brazil	15	0	10	10	0	10
Colombia	10	0	10	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	65	30	30	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	80	30	50	10	0	0
Mexico	30	0	20	0	0	10
Peru	15	10	10	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	70	45	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	550	215	330	100	50	55
Other places of birth in Americas	185	85	95	0	0	0
Europe	6,805	3,320	3,485	105	40	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	15	10	0	0	0
Croatia	45	20	25	10	0	10
France	50	25	25	10	0	10
Germany	1,015	535	485	10	0	10
Greece	105	45	65	0	0	0
Hungary	115	55	60	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	115	55	60	10	0	10
Italy	560	320	240	0	0	0
Netherlands	465	220	245	10	0	0
Poland	330	140	200	0	0	0
Portugal	170	75	90	0	0	0
Romania	65	35	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	85	40	45	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	115	45	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,845	1,340	1,495	55	25	30
Other places of birth in Europe	660	320	340	10	0	10
Africa	240	115	125	25	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	35	15	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	80	30	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	45	25	0	0	0
Asia	1,465	625	840	95	45	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	325	130	200	20	0	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	20	15	0	0	0
India	250	125	125	20	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	20	15	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	15	25	10	0	0
Philippines	370	135	235	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	0	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	70	30	40	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	140	60	80	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	20	20	15	15	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	400	150	255	55	25	30
Americas	60	15	45	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	0	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	105	45	60	10	0	10
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	20	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	10	15	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	205	75	125	20	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	65	25	45	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	108,535	53,170	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,060	4,760	5,300	385	170	220
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15,470	7,610	7,860	400	220	180
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	83,000	40,800	42,200	6,030	2,710	3,320
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,385	1,530	1,855	235	105	125
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,635	770	870	125	55	70
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	720	465	255	45	20	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	910	300	610	85	35	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,425	560	860	90	35	60
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	290	180	110	10	15	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	108,535	53,170	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	11,025	5,385	5,640	1,090	535	555
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10,700	5,250	5,445	1,065	530	535
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,700	2,270	2,425	85	35	40
Métis	5,940	2,955	2,980	980	490	490
Inuk (Inuit)	60	25	35	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	175	85	95	15	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	155	50	100	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	97,505	47,790	49,720	5,730	2,560	3,170
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	108,535	53,170	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,065	1,945	2,120	140	80	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	104,465	51,225	53,245	6,675	3,020	3,655
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	108,535	53,170	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,695	1,395	1,300	195	95	105
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,645	1,365	1,280	185	95	95
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,745	895	845	25	20	0
Métis single ancestry	885	465	420	160	70	90
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	30	25	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	50	30	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	10,000	4,830	5,170	1,160	515	650
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	9,655	4,680	4,970	1,100	495	600
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,610	2,180	2,430	305	145	160
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,990	2,480	2,510	795	355	445
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	20	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	340	145	195	65	20	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	145	180	50	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	95,840	46,945	48,895	5,455	2,485	2,970
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	108,535	53,170	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,335	1,610	1,725	455	235	220
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	595	310	285	45	30	15
Chinese	710	325	380	45	15	35
Black	720	410	315	290	160	130
Filipino	575	220	355	0	0	10
Latin American	120	40	80	20	10	15
Arab	45	25	20	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	80	45	40	40	20	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	45	20	25	0	10	0
Korean	135	55	80	0	0	0
Japanese	135	70	65	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	85	40	50	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	85	50	35	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	105,200	51,560	53,640	6,365	2,860	3,500
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	108,535	53,170	55,365	6,815	3,095	3,720
North American Aboriginal origins	12,695	6,225	6,465	1,360	610	750
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,730	3,245	3,485	390	185	210
Inuit	85	35	50	20	0	15
Métis	6,270	3,120	3,150	1,025	445	580
Other North American origins	42,455	20,920	21,535	3,940	1,760	2,180
Acadian	75	35	40	475	210	265
American	1,055	530	525	50	35	20
Canadian	41,570	20,530	21,035	3,530	1,555	1,980
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	105	40	65	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	30	10	25	0	0	10
Québécois	70	35	40	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	82,725	40,145	42,580	4,045	1,810	2,230
British Isles origins	62,430	29,860	32,570	3,010	1,365	1,640
Channel Islander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	38,565	18,560	20,005	1,850	835	1,015
Irish	25,525	11,550	13,975	955	405	550
Manx	70	20	50	0	0	0
Scottish	27,670	12,960	14,715	1,080	525	555
Welsh	2,110	960	1,150	60	25	35
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,245	1,545	1,700	95	20	80
French origins	18,920	8,820	10,105	1,750	745	1,005
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	18,915	8,815	10,100	1,750	740	1,005
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,285	8,660	8,620	510	255	255
Austrian	810	445	365	0	0	10
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	315	110	205	35	20	20
Dutch	5,205	2,575	2,635	125	65	65
Flemish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
German	11,645	5,835	5,810	355	180	180
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	535	260	270	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,335	1,045	1,290	80	45	35
Danish	540	215	330	0	10	10
Finnish	645	320	325	10	0	0
Icelandic	70	40	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	480	210	265	50	35	15
Swedish	570	250	325	10	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	140	55	85	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	8,050	3,890	4,160	115	55	60
Bulgarian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	360	195	165	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	105	50	50	0	0	10
Estonian	130	60	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	985	550	435	35	10	25
Latvian	175	80	90	0	0	0
Lithuanian	165	105	60	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,120	1,430	1,690	60	20	40
Romanian	310	185	120	10	10	0
Russian	750	345	410	15	15	0
Slovak	205	120	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,810	1,245	1,565	20	20	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,020	3,505	3,520	90	25	60
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	130	60	75	10	0	10
Cypriot	20	15	0	0	0	0
Greek	550	295	255	0	0	0
Italian	4,470	2,320	2,150	45	10	35
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	165	75	90	0	0	0
Maltese	285	175	115	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	675	295	380	10	0	0
Serbian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	195	80	110	0	0	0
Spanish	500	175	330	25	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	125	50	75	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other European origins	430	205	225	40	20	25
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	175	90	90	35	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	240	105	135	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	915	450	460	30	20	10
Antiguan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	50	25	30	10	0	0
Bermudan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	15	10	10	10	0
Jamaican	475	235	235	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	140	85	50	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	90	50	45	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	60	30	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	385	165	225	30	10	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	0	35	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	20	15	10	20	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	75	30	45	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	85	30	50	0	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	455	215	235	175	80	100
Central and West African origins	70	65	10	20	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	20	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins	85	50	35	20	0	10
Algerian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	10	15	10	10
Southern and East African origins	110	30	80	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	95	35	65	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	185	75	115	140	70	75
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	25	10	25	10	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	155	45	110	120	60	60
Asian origins	2,805	1,340	1,465	200	95	110
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	395	215	185	65	35	25
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Iraqi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	20	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	125	50	75	55	30	25
Palestinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	20	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	695	365	325	45	25	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	560	295	270	10	0	10
Goan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	15	15	15	10	0
Punjabi	50	30	20	25	15	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,750	770	980	95	30	65
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	785	350	435	50	15	40
Filipino	620	250	365	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Japanese	150	70	80	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	145	70	75	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	30	35	35	20	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	150	105	45	20	20	0
Australian	95	65	25	20	20	0
New Zealander	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	25	20	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	46,770	...	...	3,375	...	...
Owner	35,775	...	...	1,550	...	...
Renter	10,860	...	...	1,825	...	...
Band housing	130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	46,765	...	...	3,375	...	...
Condominium	2,425	...	...	120	...	...
Not condominium	44,340	...	...	3,255	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	46,770	...	...	3,375	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	3,940	...	...	630	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,440	...	...	1,055	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,610	...	...	1,120	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,625	...	...	555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	46,765	...	...	3,375	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,800	...	...	1,015	...	...
5 rooms	7,155	...	...	580	...	...
6 rooms	8,075	...	...	585	...	...
7 rooms	7,085	...	...	420	...	...
8 or more rooms	15,645	...	...	775	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	46,770	...	...	3,375	...	...
One person or fewer per room	46,615	...	...	3,360	...	...
More than 1 person per room	155	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	46,765	...	...	3,375	...	...
Suitable	45,380	...	...	3,270	...	...
Not suitable	1,385	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	46,765	...	...	3,375	...	...
1960 or before	13,180	...	...	1,625	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,575	...	...	855	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,705	...	...	420	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,695	...	...	245	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,825	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,975	...	...	60	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,810	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	46,765	...	...	3,375	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	43,230	...	...	3,035	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,535	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	46,765	...	...	3,375	...	...
1 household maintainer	27,550	...	...	2,390	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,340	...	...	935	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	875	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	46,765	...	...	3,375	...	...
15 to 24 years	850	...	...	195	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,640	...	...	365	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,875	...	...	485	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,795	...	...	600	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,850	...	...	655	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,040	...	...	565	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,980	...	...	345	...	...
85 years and over	1,740	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	45,645	...	...	3,375	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	33,665	...	...	2,335	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,985	...	...	1,035	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,800	...	...	945	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	34,935	...	...	1,545	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.1	...	...	51.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	18.7	...	...	15.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,059	...	...	759	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,173	...	...	923	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	279,344	...	...	140,014	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	342,092	...	...	161,102	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,780	...	...	1,830	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.0	...	...	23.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	50.7	...	...	43.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	911	...	...	651	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	959	...	...	684	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	93,470	45,335	48,130	5,840	2,580	3,260
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,745	10,490	9,255	1,710	820	890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	28,185	13,490	14,695	1,365	610	755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,535	21,360	24,175	2,765	1,145	1,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,315	6,065	2,255	420	220	200
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,825	2,355	1,470	300	120	180
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,490	3,705	780	125	105	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,235	9,505	13,725	1,440	530	910
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,510	605	905	135	35	100
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,480	5,190	7,290	765	360	405
Bachelor's degree	9,195	3,610	5,580	520	225	295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	865	350	520	50	30	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	410	285	125	35	30	10
Master's degree	1,770	820	955	155	80	80
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	240	125	115	0	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	57,135	27,410	29,725	3,460	1,550	1,915
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,880	4,545	3,335	690	405	285
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,255	8,465	8,785	775	360	415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,005	14,395	17,605	1,995	785	1,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,275	3,830	1,440	280	140	140
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,515	1,560	955	180	55	125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,760	2,270	490	100	80	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,255	7,030	10,225	1,070	380	690
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	895	345	550	65	10	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,580	3,190	5,385	580	260	315
Bachelor's degree	6,460	2,330	4,130	390	160	235
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	530	165	360	30	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	290	180	110	30	25	0
Master's degree	1,125	445	680	125	65	65
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	180	70	105	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	93,465	45,340	48,130	5,840	2,580	3,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	47,930	23,975	23,955	3,075	1,435	1,645
Education	3,005	775	2,235	195	45	150
13. Education	3,005	770	2,235	195	45	150
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,565	675	885	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	255	185	75	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,305	495	810	10	10	10
Humanities	1,720	680	1,045	110	55	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	100	20	75	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	460	145	310	10	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	420	135	295	25	15	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	40	35	20	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	235	150	85	50	30	10
54. History	355	180	170	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,155	1,425	3,735	205	85	115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	15	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	300	135	165	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,585	175	1,415	90	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	785	220	570	25	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	10	95	10	0	10
42. Psychology	880	195	680	30	15	10
45. Social sciences	1,440	670	770	45	35	10
Business, management and public administration	7,795	2,615	5,185	680	180	500
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,120	165	960	75	30	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,660	2,445	4,210	610	155	455
Physical and life sciences and technologies	930	480	450	50	35	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	390	165	225	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	240	130	115	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	220	165	55	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	20	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	985	520	465	105	70	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	730	435	295	80	65	20
25. Library science	100	10	85	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	135	60	75	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,250	9,680	575	460	415	45
04. Architecture and related services	215	150	65	10	0	0
14. Engineering	880	805	80	45	30	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,200	2,015	185	90	70	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,440	2,380	60	115	115	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,640	2,560	80	155	155	0
48. Precision production	1,875	1,775	100	50	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	855	580	270	35	20	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	415	260	155	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	440	320	115	20	10	0
Health and related fields	9,255	1,735	7,520	665	105	560
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	755	320	440	20	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	8,375	1,330	7,050	635	90	545
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	85	30	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,010	2,200	1,805	240	120	120
12. Personal and culinary services	1,865	490	1,370	140	40	100
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	1,410	1,035	380	35	20	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	725	665	60	60	55	10
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	57,140	27,410	29,730	3,460	1,545	1,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,135	13,015	12,120	1,465	765	700
Education	1,840	455	1,385	130	35	95
13. Education	1,835	455	1,385	130	35	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,070	450	620	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	135	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	890	320	575	10	0	0
Humanities	1,060	385	680	80	45	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	0	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	315	80	235	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	255	95	165	15	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	25	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	85	70	35	25	15
54. History	180	85	95	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	40	0	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,815	870	2,945	145	50	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	15	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	230	105	130	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,295	115	1,180	80	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	660	155	500	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	10	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	580	95	485	15	10	0
45. Social sciences	920	375	540	35	20	10
Business, management and public administration	5,430	1,685	3,745	515	135	375
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	885	105	785	70	20	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,525	1,585	2,945	445	115	335
Physical and life sciences and technologies	675	320	365	20	20	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	295	110	180	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	80	75	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	155	110	45	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	15	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	730	425	305	95	55	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	575	370	205	70	45	20
25. Library science	60	10	55	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	85	35	50	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,895	6,425	475	305	275	30
04. Architecture and related services	150	110	45	10	0	10
14. Engineering	485	420	70	10	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,515	1,350	170	55	45	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,630	1,575	55	85	85	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,760	1,695	65	115	115	0
48. Precision production	1,360	1,285	75	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	590	380	215	30	15	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	285	170	110	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	310	210	100	15	10	10
Health and related fields	6,790	1,275	5,515	490	85	410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	585	235	350	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,115	985	5,130	480	75	400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	55	30	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,075	1,735	1,340	180	75	105
12. Personal and culinary services	1,385	395	990	125	30	100
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,145	830	310	25	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	540	500	45	25	25	0
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	93,465	45,335	48,130	5,840	2,580	3,260
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,930	23,975	23,955	3,075	1,430	1,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	45,535	21,360	24,175	2,765	1,150	1,615
Location of study inside Canada	42,270	19,635	22,635	2,550	1,050	1,505
Same as province or territory of residence	40,565	18,900	21,670	2,100	780	1,320
Different than province or territory of residence	1,705	735	965	450	265	185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,265	1,730	1,540	215	100	115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	695	375	315	105	50	55
Philippines	200	55	145	10	0	10
India	95	50	50	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	805	475	330	20	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	130	60	70	10	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	10	0
Other	1,325	705	620	65	35	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	57,135	27,410	29,725	3,465	1,545	1,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,135	13,015	12,120	1,465	765	705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	32,000	14,400	17,605	1,995	785	1,210
Location of study inside Canada	30,285	13,605	16,680	1,865	725	1,135
Same as province or territory of residence	29,135	13,090	16,045	1,550	540	1,005
Different than province or territory of residence	1,150	515	635	315	190	130
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,715	795	925	130	55	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	460	230	230	50	20	25
Philippines	145	35	105	10	0	10
India	80	45	40	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	290	170	115	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	115	50	65	10	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	610	255	360	50	25	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	93,465	45,335	48,130	5,840	2,580	3,265
In the labour force	54,555	27,905	26,650	3,260	1,520	1,740
Employed	50,290	25,495	24,800	2,900	1,305	1,590
Unemployed	4,260	2,410	1,850	365	215	150
Not in the labour force	38,910	17,430	21,480	2,580	1,060	1,520
Participation rate	58.4	61.6	55.4	55.8	58.9	53.3
Employment rate	53.8	56.2	51.5	49.7	50.6	48.7
Unemployment rate	7.8	8.6	6.9	11.2	14.1	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	93,465	45,335	48,130	5,840	2,580	3,260
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	36,085	16,040	20,045	2,405	960	1,445
Worked	57,385	29,300	28,085	3,435	1,615	1,820
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	29,490	16,150	13,340	1,585	785	805
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,890	13,145	14,745	1,845	830	1,015
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	42.7	42.7	40.6	40.0	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	54,555	27,905	26,650	3,260	1,520	1,745
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,155	600	550	75	50	30
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	53,400	27,305	26,095	3,180	1,470	1,715
Employee	46,465	22,860	23,605	2,920	1,310	1,610
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,935	4,440	2,495	265	165	100
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	54,550	27,905	26,645	3,260	1,520	1,740
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,155	600	550	75	45	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	53,405	27,305	26,100	3,185	1,470	1,710
0 Management occupations	5,395	3,315	2,075	245	115	135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,405	1,510	4,890	365	95	265
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,010	1,610	400	115	105	15
3 Health occupations	4,390	880	3,505	315	85	235
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,260	1,895	4,360	445	150	290
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,205	495	710	45	10	30
6 Sales and service occupations	14,220	5,660	8,555	1,020	350	675
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,540	8,925	610	255	240	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,100	905	190	195	190	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,880	2,100	785	170	130	40
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	54,550	27,905	26,650	3,260	1,520	1,740
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,150	600	550	75	45	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	53,400	27,305	26,100	3,185	1,470	1,715
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	710	500	215	165	165	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	310	280	30	0	10	0
22 Utilities	360	295	65	10	10	0
23 Construction	5,175	4,645	535	90	90	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,680	4,210	1,475	275	185	90
41 Wholesale trade	1,550	1,155	395	65	50	20
44-45 Retail trade	6,735	3,180	3,555	620	260	360
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,860	1,305	550	90	60	20
51 Information and cultural industries	705	330	375	65	40	25
52 Finance and insurance	980	300	675	60	20	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	860	530	335	45	15	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,250	1,050	1,205	155	105	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	20	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,540	1,460	1,080	90	65	20
61 Educational services	3,045	785	2,270	190	45	150
62 Health care and social assistance	7,685	1,380	6,305	580	125	460
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	2,615	1,320	1,295	60	25	30
72 Accommodation and food services	4,245	1,525	2,720	335	75	255
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,370	1,160	1,210	110	40	75
91 Public administration	3,695	1,885	1,815	170	90	85
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50,295	25,495	24,800	2,895	1,305	1,590
Worked at home	3,545	1,720	1,825	80	50	30
Worked outside Canada	130	85	45	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,610	4,885	1,730	310	260	50
Worked at usual place	40,010	18,815	21,195	2,500	995	1,505
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	40,010	18,810	21,195	2,500	990	1,510
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,445	6,325	8,120	1,785	635	1,155
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	21,410	10,030	11,375	580	290	290
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,055	2,380	1,680	120	55	65
Commute to a different province or territory	100	70	25	15	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	46,620	23,695	22,925	2,810	1,250	1,560
Car, truck, van - as a driver	39,190	20,285	18,910	2,155	945	1,215
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,215	1,545	1,675	310	155	160
Public transit	905	295	615	25	10	15
Walked	2,410	1,060	1,350	275	115	165
Bicycle	340	245	95	0	0	0
Other method	555	275	280	40	25	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	46,620	23,695	22,925	2,810	1,250	1,560
Less than 15 minutes	18,475	8,410	10,065	2,120	840	1,285
15 to 29 minutes	14,090	6,595	7,495	415	230	180
30 to 44 minutes	6,685	3,595	3,090	175	120	50
45 to 59 minutes	3,075	1,825	1,250	35	25	15
60 minutes and over	4,295	3,270	1,025	65	35	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	46,620	23,695	22,925	2,810	1,255	1,555
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,805	2,575	1,230	125	55	65
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,805	5,495	3,305	400	180	215
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,060	6,235	5,820	790	385	400
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,355	3,385	5,965	710	260	455
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,490	1,780	2,715	315	130	190
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,110	4,225	3,885	475	235	240
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	59,110	30,180	28,930	3,560	1,670	1,890
Single responses	58,800	30,065	28,740	3,535	1,655	1,880
Official languages	58,655	30,000	28,655	3,530	1,660	1,875
English	58,360	29,935	28,430	3,495	1,630	1,865
French	295	70	225	35	25	15
Non-official languages	145	65	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	65	80	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	0	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	310	120	190	30	15	15
English and French	205	60	145	30	15	15
English and non-official language	105	55	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	59,110	30,180	28,925	3,560	1,670	1,890
None	57,220	29,350	27,870	3,335	1,590	1,745
English	220	75	140	20	10	10
French	1,185	520	670	190	60	130
Non-official language	440	220	225	15	0	10
Aboriginal	95	45	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	355	175	175	15	0	10
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	107,715	52,735	54,985	6,745	3,065	3,685
Non-movers	94,155	46,115	48,040	5,515	2,445	3,070
Movers	13,555	6,615	6,940	1,230	615	615
Non-migrants	5,720	2,715	3,005	805	395	410
Migrants	7,840	3,905	3,935	425	220	205
Internal migrants	7,615	3,815	3,805	405	210	195
Intraprovincial migrants	7,315	3,645	3,665	230	110	120
Interprovincial migrants	305	165	140	170	100	75
External migrants	220	90	125	25	15	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	103,875	50,770	53,105	6,490	2,915	3,575
Non-movers	66,065	32,620	33,450	3,490	1,590	1,900
Movers	37,805	18,150	19,655	3,000	1,330	1,670
Non-migrants	16,290	7,695	8,600	1,855	780	1,070
Migrants	21,515	10,455	11,055	1,150	545	600
Internal migrants	20,880	10,150	10,730	1,065	505	555
Intraprovincial migrants	20,130	9,755	10,375	655	310	345
Interprovincial migrants	750	390	360	405	195	210
External migrants	635	310	325	85	35	45

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Simcoe North [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Yarmouth [Population centre], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Simcoe North [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Yarmouth [Population centre], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Simcoe North [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Yarmouth [Population centre], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Simcoe North [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Yarmouth [Population centre], Nova Scotia