Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thornhill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Little Pine 116, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Thornhill Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Little Pine 116, IRI Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Thornhill [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Thornhill [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Little Pine 116, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	112,719	...	...	700	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	110,427	...	...	675	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.1	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	39,819	...	...	220	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	38,472	...	...	201	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,791.9	...	...	10.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	62.90	...	...	65.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	112,720	54,175	58,540	700	360	340
0 to 14 years	18,130	9,240	8,885	240	115	130
0 to 4 years	5,085	2,560	2,530	90	40	50
5 to 9 years	6,190	3,140	3,045	75	35	40
10 to 14 years	6,855	3,540	3,315	75	40	35
15 to 64 years	75,400	36,175	39,220	410	215	190
15 to 19 years	7,415	3,765	3,650	60	30	25
20 to 24 years	7,670	3,960	3,705	60	30	30
25 to 29 years	6,540	3,295	3,245	60	35	25
30 to 34 years	6,005	2,930	3,080	40	20	20
35 to 39 years	6,325	2,800	3,520	25	10	15
40 to 44 years	7,705	3,515	4,195	35	20	20
45 to 49 years	8,405	3,960	4,445	40	25	15
50 to 54 years	8,825	4,140	4,685	35	20	15
55 to 59 years	8,855	4,175	4,680	25	15	10
60 to 64 years	7,655	3,635	4,015	25	20	10
65 years and over	19,195	8,765	10,430	50	25	20
65 to 69 years	6,770	3,260	3,510	20	10	10
70 to 74 years	4,195	1,975	2,225	15	10	10
75 to 79 years	3,285	1,510	1,775	5	5	0
80 to 84 years	2,390	1,040	1,345	0	0	0
85 years and over	2,545	970	1,575	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,540	600	945	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	790	285	500	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	195	75	115	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	10	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.1	17.1	15.2	34.3	31.9	38.2
15 to 64 years	66.9	66.8	67.0	58.6	59.7	55.9
65 years and over	17.0	16.2	17.8	7.1	6.9	5.9
85 years and over	2.3	1.8	2.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	41.5	40.5	42.4	28.7	30.2	27.2
Median age of the population	42.9	41.7	43.8	24.3	25.6	22.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	38,470	...	...	205	...	...
Single-detached house	20,390	...	...	200	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10,120	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,955	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,500	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	4,325	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,695	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	430	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	38,475	...	...	200	...	...
1 person	7,005	...	...	50	...	...
2 persons	10,955	...	...	40	...	...
3 persons	7,560	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	7,790	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	5,160	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	111,825	...	...	700	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	3.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	94,590	44,940	49,655	460	245	215
Married or living common law	57,220	28,400	28,820	160	85	80
Married	54,445	27,025	27,420	75	40	35
Living common law	2,780	1,380	1,405	85	45	45
Not married and not living common law	37,370	16,540	20,835	295	165	130
Never married	25,775	13,415	12,355	245	135	105
Separated	1,985	770	1,215	15	10	10
Divorced	4,815	1,520	3,295	20	15	5
Widowed	4,790	830	3,965	15	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	32,295	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	12,910	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	8,150	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	8,075	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	3,165	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	32,300	...	...	185	...	...
Total couple families	27,805	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	26,420	...	...	35	...	...
Common-law couples	1,385	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,495	...	...	100	...	...
Female parent	3,690	...	...	70	...	...
Male parent	800	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	27,805	...	...	80	...	...
Couples without children	10,180	...	...	20	...	...
Couples with children	17,625	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	6,775	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	7,770	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	3,085	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,495	...	...	100	...	...
1 child	2,730	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	1,375	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	390	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,195	4,590	7,600	110	70	40
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	38,470	...	...	205	...	...
One-census-family households	29,170	...	...	120	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,865	...	...	10	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	20,305	...	...	110	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,515	...	...	30	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,785	...	...	55	...	...
One-person households	7,005	...	...	50	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	785	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	112,120	54,000	58,125	700	360	340
English only	98,560	48,175	50,390	700	360	340
French only	60	25	35	0	0	0
English and French	9,125	4,035	5,095	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	4,375	1,770	2,605	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	112,125	54,000	58,120	700	360	340
English	105,240	51,115	54,125	700	360	340
French	1,115	490	615	0	0	0
English and French	1,470	665	810	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	4,300	1,730	2,575	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,845	825	1,020	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.6	1.5	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	112,125	54,000	58,120	700	360	340
Single responses	108,165	52,110	56,045	660	335	325
Official languages	51,220	25,345	25,880	425	210	215
English	50,255	24,925	25,330	425	210	215
French	965	420	545	0	0	0
Non-official languages	56,935	26,770	30,165	230	130	105
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	235	125	110
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	235	130	105
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	235	125	110
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	40	25	20
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	190	105	85
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	56,930	26,765	30,160	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,365	2,230	2,140	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	4,345	2,220	2,125	0	0	0
Amharic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Arabic	635	320	320	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	3,615	1,860	1,755	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	30	10	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	565	255	310	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	520	235	285	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,255	1,140	2,115	0	0	0
Bikol	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	60	15	40	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	40	10	35	0	0	0
Ilocano	340	135	200	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	70	25	45	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,705	935	1,775	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	20	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	710	350	360	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	95	45	50	0	0	0
Tamil	555	265	285	0	0	0
Telugu	50	25	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	33,110	15,760	17,345	0	0	0
Albanian	225	115	105	0	0	0
Armenian	295	150	140	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15,905	7,425	8,475	0	0	0
Baltic languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Latvian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15,770	7,365	8,405	0	0	0
Belarusan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	140	60	85	0	0	0
Croatian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Czech	45	25	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	100	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	525	225	305	0	0	0
Russian	13,895	6,525	7,365	0	0	0
Serbian	350	170	180	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	80	30	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	445	195	245	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,190	535	660	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dutch	90	30	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	365	170	195	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	695	310	380	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	555	265	290	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	8,395	4,175	4,225	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,650	1,315	1,335	0	0	0
Bengali	155	80	75	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,015	500	515	0	0	0
Hindi	455	220	235	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	10	10	5	0	0	0
Marathi	50	25	25	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	525	275	250	0	0	0
Sindhi	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	60	25	40	0	0	0
Urdu	305	155	150	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5,740	2,855	2,890	0	0	0
Kurdish	65	40	25	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5,665	2,810	2,855	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	6,535	3,090	3,440	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,910	1,395	1,515	0	0	0
Portuguese	735	335	400	0	0	0
Romanian	1,025	485	535	0	0	0
Spanish	1,860	870	990	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	40	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	105	60	50	0	0	0
Georgian	105	55	45	0	0	0
Korean	4,095	1,980	2,125	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	9,295	4,350	4,940	0	0	0
Chinese languages	9,270	4,345	4,930	0	0	0
Cantonese	3,625	1,690	1,935	0	0	0
Hakka	165	70	95	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,945	2,330	2,615	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	270	120	150	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	110	50	60	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	25	40	0	0	0
Lao	35	15	20	0	0	0
Thai	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	380	200	185	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	110	55	55	0	0	0
Turkish	235	130	110	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	735	310	425	0	0	0
Estonian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Finnish	55	20	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	645	280	365	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,960	1,890	2,075	40	25	15
English and French	190	85	110	0	0	0
English and non-official language	3,445	1,660	1,790	40	25	15
French and non-official language	160	80	80	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	160	70	95	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	112,125	54,005	58,120	700	360	340
Single responses	101,490	49,015	52,470	695	355	335
Official languages	68,095	33,230	34,865	595	295	305
English	67,770	33,105	34,660	595	295	300
French	325	130	200	0	0	0
Non-official languages	33,390	15,780	17,610	100	60	35
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	100	55	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	100	60	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	100	60	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	30	20	15
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	35	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	33,385	15,780	17,610	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,025	1,010	1,015	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,015	1,005	1,010	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	235	110	125	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	1,725	870	850	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	330	160	170	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	305	150	160	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,440	565	880	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	135	55	85	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,245	490	755	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	5	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	425	210	215	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tamil	340	165	175	0	0	0
Telugu	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	18,520	8,790	9,730	0	0	0
Albanian	125	65	60	0	0	0
Armenian	155	70	85	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	9,625	4,540	5,085	0	0	0
Baltic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,585	4,520	5,065	0	0	0
Belarusan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	25	40	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Polish	125	55	65	0	0	0
Russian	8,940	4,220	4,720	0	0	0
Serbian	190	90	100	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	165	85	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	115	50	60	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	20	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	55	25	25	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	220	100	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5,680	2,775	2,900	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,310	630	680	0	0	0
Bengali	75	35	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	570	265	305	0	0	0
Hindi	235	120	115	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	265	125	140	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Urdu	120	65	60	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,360	2,140	2,220	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	25	15	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,325	2,120	2,210	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,595	1,180	1,410	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	905	390	510	0	0	0
Portuguese	295	140	150	0	0	0
Romanian	505	235	270	0	0	0
Spanish	895	415	480	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	50	30	15	0	0	0
Georgian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Korean	3,150	1,535	1,615	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,935	3,250	3,685	0	0	0
Chinese languages	6,925	3,245	3,675	0	0	0
Cantonese	2,600	1,180	1,420	0	0	0
Hakka	80	45	40	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,940	1,885	2,055	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	150	70	80	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	80	40	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	180	85	90	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	55	25	25	0	0	0
Turkish	110	50	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	195	80	115	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	170	65	100	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10,635	4,990	5,650	5	5	0
English and French	195	90	105	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10,170	4,785	5,385	5	5	5
French and non-official language	45	15	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	225	100	125	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	112,125	54,005	58,120	700	360	340
None	81,030	39,355	41,675	400	195	205
English	13,875	6,635	7,240	90	55	35
French	725	310	420	0	0	0
Non-official language	15,770	7,360	8,410	210	105	100
Aboriginal	0	0	0	210	105	100
Non-Aboriginal	15,770	7,365	8,410	0	5	0
English and French	125	50	70	0	0	0
English and non-official language	400	205	195	0	0	0
French and non-official language	195	80	115	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	93,710	44,665	49,045	460	245	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,210	42,535	46,670	405	215	190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,474	38,452	29,945	13,872	10,080	18,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	89,215	42,535	46,680	400	215	190
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,799	34,780	27,841	13,872	10,080	18,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	81,200	39,275	41,920	240	130	110
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,350	39,216	28,883	10,400	10,400	10,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,960	27,485	35,480	385	200	185
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,921	901	3,104	4,592	1,468	7,728
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,950	33,230	33,720	220	125	105
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,057	40,657	30,604	11,872	12,320	10,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	93,655	44,600	49,050	460	245	215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,110	42,320	46,790	405	215	190
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,590	66,024	44,249	18,302	16,091	20,806
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	89,115	42,320	46,795	405	215	190
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,659	51,284	36,764	17,873	15,372	20,706
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,960	39,195	41,765	245	130	115
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,398	67,483	44,058	18,352	18,825	17,812
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,315	27,570	35,740	380	195	180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,989	5,404	6,441	7,682	5,101	10,489
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,905	33,255	33,650	220	120	100
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,579	64,425	42,860	18,830	19,387	18,158
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	93,650	44,605	49,050	460	245	215
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	31,950	17,555	14,400	65	30	35
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	60,073	65,755	55,138	30,784	29,248	37,120
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	79,670	91,120	65,709	33,294	30,627	35,646
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.1	94.5	88.8	60.2	68.0	51.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.6	77.9	70.2	55.9	67.2	45.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.9	5.5	11.3	39.4	29.5	47.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	93,710	44,665	49,040	460	245	215
Without total income	4,500	2,135	2,370	55	30	25
With total income	89,205	42,535	46,670	400	215	190
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.2	95.2	87.0	87.8	88.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,200	7,315	8,885	175	110	65
$10,000 to $19,999	15,180	6,575	8,605	90	45	45
$20,000 to $29,999	10,240	4,370	5,870	60	30	30
$30,000 to $39,999	8,095	3,515	4,575	30	10	20
$40,000 to $49,999	7,235	3,180	4,055	25	5	20
$50,000 to $59,999	6,060	2,810	3,255	10	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	4,930	2,370	2,560	5	0	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,955	2,000	1,960	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	3,360	1,795	1,565	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	3,165	1,580	1,580	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	10,785	7,025	3,755	0	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	6,550	3,955	2,590	0	0	0
$150,000 and over	4,235	3,065	1,165	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	93,710	44,670	49,040	460	245	215
Without after-tax income	4,495	2,130	2,365	55	35	25
With after-tax income	89,215	42,535	46,680	405	215	190
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.2	95.2	88.0	87.8	88.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,490	7,415	9,075	170	105	60
$10,000 to $19,999	15,760	6,825	8,935	90	45	50
$20,000 to $29,999	11,540	4,950	6,590	65	30	30
$30,000 to $39,999	9,685	4,235	5,450	30	10	15
$40,000 to $49,999	8,585	3,965	4,620	30	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	6,535	3,105	3,425	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,170	2,665	2,505	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,450	2,315	2,135	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	11,005	7,055	3,950	0	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	3,175	1,715	1,455	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,920	1,165	755	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	5,905	4,170	1,740	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	93,710	44,665	49,045	460	245	215
Without employment income	26,760	11,435	15,320	240	125	110
With employment income	66,950	33,225	33,725	225	120	100
Percentage with employment income	71.4	74.4	68.8	48.9	49.0	46.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,785	4,090	4,700	65	35	30
$5,000 to $9,999	5,815	2,675	3,140	40	25	15
$10,000 to $19,999	9,255	4,210	5,045	35	15	15
$20,000 to $29,999	6,605	2,925	3,680	30	25	10
$30,000 to $39,999	5,760	2,535	3,225	15	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	5,420	2,410	3,010	20	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	4,565	2,170	2,395	5	0	0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,790	1,890	1,895	5	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,005	1,525	1,480	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	13,950	8,795	5,155	5	0	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,815	1,550	1,270	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,735	1,380	1,365	0	0	5
$100,000 and over	8,400	5,875	2,520	0	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	38,470	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	91,131	...	...	28,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,037	...	...	28,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,005	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,710	...	...	15,392	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,278	...	...	15,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,470	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	106,228	...	...	35,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,783	...	...	35,072	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	126,546	...	...	36,695	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	101,212	...	...	35,836	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,955	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,699	...	...	17,233	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,308	...	...	16,555	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,490	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	141,753	...	...	42,969	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,339	...	...	42,051	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	38,470	...	...	205	...	...
Under $5,000	770	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	430	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	730	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,095	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,145	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,255	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,280	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,255	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,205	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,255	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,315	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,205	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,035	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,025	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,975	...	...	0	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,495	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,095	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,300	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,500	...	...	0	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,600	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	38,475	...	...	200	...	...
Under $5,000	850	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	440	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	755	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,125	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,200	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,370	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,460	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,450	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,435	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,490	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,725	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,570	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,590	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,375	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,070	...	...	0	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,565	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,465	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,350	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	6,755	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,080	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,509	...	...	34,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,054	...	...	34,432	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,620	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,095	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,595	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	17,665	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,645	...	...	47,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,144	...	...	47,232	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,980	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,674	...	...	28,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,336	...	...	27,584	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,050	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	141,450	...	...	42,168	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,925	...	...	41,243	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,675	...	...	10	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	122,039	...	...	16,827	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,503	...	...	16,827	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	17,545	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	165,966	...	...	58,627	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,549	...	...	57,106	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,050	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	77,792	...	...	33,678	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,362	...	...	33,030	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,565	3,775	5,790	60	45	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,137	35,456	30,355	12,064	13,856	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,680	31,918	28,411	12,064	13,856	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,545	3,635	5,905	60	45	20
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	49,495	52,944	47,372	16,007	16,424	14,783
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,259	42,549	38,849	15,479	15,716	14,783
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	111,820	53,900	57,925	700	360	340
In the bottom half of the distribution	44,550	20,735	23,810	635	325	315
In the bottom decile	10,235	4,845	5,395	350	190	170
In the second decile	8,725	3,840	4,885	130	65	65
In the third decile	8,405	3,900	4,505	65	30	30
In the fourth decile	8,410	3,985	4,425	50	20	30
In the fifth decile	8,780	4,170	4,610	35	15	20
In the top half of the distribution	67,275	33,165	34,115	65	40	25
In the sixth decile	9,340	4,525	4,820	15	5	10
In the seventh decile	10,710	5,195	5,515	20	10	10
In the eighth decile	12,120	5,940	6,175	30	15	10
In the ninth decile	15,100	7,460	7,640	0	0	0
In the top decile	20,000	10,040	9,960	0	0	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	111,825	53,900	57,920	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	22,450	11,420	11,035	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	6,215	3,145	3,065	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	70,955	33,935	37,020	0	0	0
65 years and over	18,415	8,545	9,870	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,075	6,600	7,470	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,970	1,490	1,485	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	845	440	410	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	8,720	4,095	4,625	0	0	0
65 years and over	2,375	1,020	1,360	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.6	12.2	12.9	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	13.0	13.5	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	13.6	14.0	13.4	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	12.3	12.1	12.5	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	12.9	11.9	13.8	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,550	5,355	6,195	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,415	1,225	1,195	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	700	370	335	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	7,650	3,535	4,115	0	0	0
65 years and over	1,480	595	885	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.3	9.9	10.7	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	10.8	10.7	10.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	11.3	11.8	10.9	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	10.4	11.1	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	8.0	7.0	9.0	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	111,720	53,820	57,905	700	360	340
Official languages	107,385	52,050	55,340	700	360	340
English	107,310	52,015	55,295	700	360	340
French	9,165	4,050	5,110	0	0	0
Non-official languages	69,610	32,720	36,890	370	200	170
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	370	200	170
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	370	200	170
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	365	195	170
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	75	40	30
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	295	160	135
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	69,610	32,720	36,890	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	12,315	6,055	6,255	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	12,275	6,030	6,240	0	0	0
Amharic	75	40	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,010	520	490	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	40	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	11,210	5,485	5,720	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	20	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	845	370	465	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	805	355	450	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,245	1,455	2,790	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	85	20	60	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	360	140	215	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	105	40	70	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,075	1,405	2,670	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	105	40	60	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	920	435	490	0	0	0
Kannada	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	115	45	70	0	0	0
Tamil	750	355	395	0	0	0
Telugu	65	40	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40,160	19,285	20,880	0	0	0
Albanian	270	135	130	0	0	0
Armenian	275	140	135	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	17,945	8,380	9,570	0	0	0
Baltic languages	220	100	120	0	0	0
Latvian	105	40	65	0	0	0
Lithuanian	115	60	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages	17,885	8,350	9,535	0	0	0
Belarusan	75	30	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	190	70	115	0	0	0
Croatian	135	65	75	0	0	0
Czech	50	45	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	150	75	80	0	0	0
Polish	670	330	340	0	0	0
Russian	16,310	7,635	8,680	0	0	0
Serbian	305	145	165	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	95	35	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	15	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,465	675	790	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,545	1,255	1,290	0	0	0
Afrikaans	390	195	195	0	0	0
Danish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Dutch	125	50	75	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	770	385	385	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	1,295	630	660	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	800	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,295	5,155	5,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,710	1,885	1,830	0	0	0
Bengali	205	105	100	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,305	665	635	0	0	0
Hindi	1,715	825	890	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	120	60	60	0	0	0
Nepali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	800	445	355	0	0	0
Sindhi	110	50	65	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	100	55	45	0	0	0
Urdu	610	320	290	0	0	0
Iranian languages	6,590	3,275	3,310	0	0	0
Kurdish	90	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	25	10	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	6,565	3,260	3,305	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	45	30	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,130	4,405	4,720	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	4,125	1,955	2,165	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,110	515	600	0	0	0
Romanian	1,155	560	600	0	0	0
Spanish	3,125	1,555	1,575	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	280	135	140	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Georgian	160	80	75	0	0	0
Korean	4,550	2,225	2,325	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	225	135	90	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	110	75	35	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	0	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10,525	4,940	5,580	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10,510	4,935	5,575	0	0	0
Cantonese	4,680	2,160	2,520	0	0	0
Hakka	180	75	100	0	0	0
Mandarin	6,380	2,985	3,400	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	315	140	175	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	135	70	70	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	200	95	110	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	160	55	100	0	0	0
Lao	100	40	60	0	0	0
Thai	55	15	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	705	350	350	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	225	115	110	0	0	0
Turkish	460	230	235	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	905	385	515	0	0	0
Estonian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Finnish	80	35	50	0	0	0
Hungarian	760	320	440	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	111,725	53,820	57,905	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	98,990	48,110	50,890	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,655	10,610	10,045	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	78,340	37,495	40,845	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	12,730	5,715	7,015	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	111,720	53,815	57,905	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	50,930	25,600	25,325	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	58,575	27,370	31,210	0	0	0
Before 1981	13,315	6,225	7,090	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	8,020	3,850	4,170	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	14,340	6,805	7,540	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	16,245	7,520	8,720	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	9,010	4,255	4,755	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	7,230	3,270	3,965	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	6,655	2,965	3,690	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,220	850	1,370	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	58,570	27,370	31,205	0	0	0
Under 5 years	4,715	2,350	2,365	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	9,005	4,495	4,510	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	10,545	4,525	6,025	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	27,655	12,960	14,695	0	0	0
45 years and over	6,645	3,040	3,610	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	58,575	27,365	31,205	0	0	0
Americas	4,595	2,050	2,540	0	0	0
Brazil	135	65	70	0	0	0
Colombia	135	65	70	0	0	0
El Salvador	100	40	60	0	0	0
Guyana	530	265	265	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	580	240	345	0	0	0
Mexico	165	55	105	0	0	0
Peru	100	40	60	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	350	150	200	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,425	615	815	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,070	515	555	0	0	0
Europe	19,260	8,860	10,395	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	55	20	30	0	0	0
Croatia	80	40	40	0	0	0
France	110	65	45	0	0	0
Germany	440	165	280	0	0	0
Greece	335	175	160	0	0	0
Hungary	365	150	215	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Italy	2,035	995	1,040	0	0	0
Netherlands	65	25	35	0	0	0
Poland	665	305	360	0	0	0
Portugal	635	285	345	0	0	0
Romania	950	465	485	0	0	0
Russian Federation	4,880	2,165	2,715	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	150	70	85	0	0	0
Ukraine	3,825	1,715	2,105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,050	440	610	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	3,540	1,735	1,800	0	0	0
Africa	3,365	1,685	1,680	0	0	0
Algeria	25	0	20	0	0	0
Egypt	210	110	100	0	0	0
Ethiopia	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kenya	180	80	100	0	0	0
Morocco	680	355	325	0	0	0
Nigeria	45	20	20	0	0	0
Somalia	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	1,545	755	785	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	615	325	290	0	0	0
Asia	31,230	14,715	16,510	0	0	0
Afghanistan	195	95	95	0	0	0
Bangladesh	105	50	60	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	4,685	2,160	2,525	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	1,780	815	970	0	0	0
India	2,350	1,160	1,195	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	5,465	2,700	2,765	0	0	0
Iraq	370	200	170	0	0	0
Japan	80	25	50	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	3,455	1,675	1,775	0	0	0
Lebanon	160	85	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	280	145	140	0	0	0
Philippines	3,700	1,400	2,300	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	560	280	280	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	375	195	185	0	0	0
Viet Nam	930	435	495	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	6,675	3,280	3,390	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	130	55	75	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,660	2,965	3,695	0	0	0
Americas	315	125	190	0	0	0
Brazil	20	10	15	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	20	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	195	75	115	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	0	0	0
Europe	945	430	515	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Romania	35	15	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	285	120	165	0	0	0
Ukraine	295	135	160	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	200	80	120	0	0	0
Africa	175	75	100	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	85	35	55	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	35	15	0	0	0
Asia	5,220	2,330	2,885	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	20	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,015	505	505	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	15	20	0	0	0
India	285	130	155	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	1,685	795	885	0	0	0
Iraq	70	40	30	0	0	0
Israel	375	195	180	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	400	185	215	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	905	270	635	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	35	20	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	270	115	160	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	111,720	53,820	57,900	700	360	340
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	61,615	28,610	33,000	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	31,540	15,935	15,610	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	18,565	9,270	9,300	695	360	335
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	46,280	21,635	24,640	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	30,695	14,770	15,920	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	11,865	7,320	4,545	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	18,830	7,450	11,375	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10,605	4,360	6,245	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	4,410	2,270	2,145	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	565	240	330	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	111,725	53,820	57,905	700	360	340
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	240	120	120	700	360	340
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	190	85	105	700	360	340
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	125	55	65	695	360	340
Métis	60	20	35	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	35	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	111,485	53,695	57,785	0	0	0
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	111,720	53,815	57,905	700	360	340
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	90	40	50	695	355	335
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	111,635	53,775	57,855	10	10	10
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	111,720	53,820	57,905	700	360	340
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	0	25	670	345	330
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	0	25	665	340	320
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	0	20	655	340	320
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	300	150	150	25	15	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	300	145	150	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	120	110	25	10	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	30	40	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	111,395	53,670	57,725	0	0	0
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	111,720	53,820	57,905	700	360	340
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	41,400	19,665	21,745	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	6,355	3,220	3,140	0	0	0
Chinese	11,775	5,690	6,085	0	0	0
Black	2,325	1,055	1,270	0	0	0
Filipino	5,150	2,005	3,145	0	0	0
Latin American	1,165	560	610	0	0	0
Arab	755	410	345	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	885	395	495	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	5,885	2,865	3,025	0	0	0
Korean	4,820	2,375	2,445	0	0	0
Japanese	300	150	150	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	485	200	285	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,500	745	760	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	70,320	34,160	36,160	700	360	340
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	111,720	53,820	57,905	700	360	340
North American Aboriginal origins	330	155	180	700	360	340
First Nations (North American Indian)	250	120	130	695	360	340
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	80	35	45	15	0	10
Other North American origins	12,240	6,060	6,185	10	0	0
Acadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
American	1,425	710	710	0	0	0
Canadian	11,290	5,595	5,695	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	63,260	30,590	32,670	25	10	15
British Isles origins	10,930	5,330	5,595	15	10	10
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,355	3,130	3,225	0	0	0
Irish	3,730	1,790	1,940	0	0	0
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,795	1,805	1,990	0	0	10
Welsh	340	160	175	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,250	595	660	0	0	0
French origins	2,005	970	1,040	0	0	10
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,005	965	1,035	10	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,525	2,705	2,820	10	10	0
Austrian	950	455	495	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	125	40	80	0	0	0
Dutch	960	480	480	0	0	0
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,755	1,860	1,895	10	10	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	110	45	65	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	615	300	320	0	0	0
Danish	170	85	85	0	0	0
Finnish	150	70	80	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	80	30	50	0	0	0
Swedish	165	100	65	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	40	10	30	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	35,955	17,235	18,725	0	0	0
Bulgarian	435	190	245	0	0	0
Byelorussian	810	350	455	0	0	0
Czech	350	190	155	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	320	175	145	0	0	0
Estonian	145	60	85	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,590	1,325	1,265	0	0	0
Latvian	670	340	335	0	0	0
Lithuanian	1,815	920	895	0	0	0
Moldovan	445	230	215	0	0	0
Polish	14,060	6,775	7,285	0	0	0
Romanian	3,425	1,725	1,705	0	0	0
Russian	18,295	8,590	9,700	0	0	0
Slovak	300	135	165	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,895	2,845	3,055	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	930	440	495	0	0	0
Southern European origins	12,750	6,200	6,550	0	0	0
Albanian	290	140	145	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	245	110	130	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	1,555	730	835	0	0	0
Italian	7,295	3,585	3,715	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	255	125	130	0	0	0
Maltese	80	45	35	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,680	810	870	0	0	0
Serbian	380	185	190	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	125	40	80	0	0	0
Spanish	1,635	750	885	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	115	50	65	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	30	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	11,910	5,845	6,060	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	11,195	5,510	5,690	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	750	355	395	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	2,265	1,015	1,250	0	0	0
Antiguan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	110	50	65	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cuban	115	60	55	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	115	55	60	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,105	440	665	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	10	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	335	145	190	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	100	35	60	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	385	195	190	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	90	50	40	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,195	990	1,210	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	80	45	35	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	230	105	125	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	150	55	100	0	0	0
Chilean	65	40	30	0	0	0
Colombian	235	105	135	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	215	125	90	0	0	0
Guatemalan	65	30	40	0	0	0
Guyanese	355	140	215	0	0	0
Hispanic	55	35	15	0	0	0
Honduran	30	10	20	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	190	95	100	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Panamanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	25	25	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	125	45	75	0	0	0
Salvadorean	110	40	70	0	0	0
Uruguayan	40	15	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	70	20	55	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	135	60	75	0	0	0
African origins	5,020	2,545	2,475	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	210	110	105	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Guinean	0	10	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	2,760	1,425	1,335	0	0	0
Algerian	55	15	40	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	540	295	240	0	0	0
Libyan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	2,045	1,055	990	0	0	0
Sudanese	55	40	15	0	0	0
Tunisian	230	110	120	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,575	755	815	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	70	30	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	35	0	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	40	10	30	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	35	15	20	0	0	0
South African	1,245	600	640	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	505	260	245	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	445	235	215	0	0	0
Asian origins	44,565	21,305	23,260	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	14,270	7,050	7,220	0	0	0
Afghan	315	140	175	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	200	115	80	0	0	0
Armenian	495	225	270	0	0	0
Assyrian	105	40	60	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	440	205	230	0	0	0
Georgian	270	140	130	0	0	0
Hazara	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian	6,720	3,330	3,385	0	0	0
Iraqi	630	320	315	0	0	0
Israeli	3,830	1,925	1,905	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurd	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	280	135	150	0	0	0
Palestinian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Pashtun	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Syrian	215	115	100	0	0	0
Tajik	40	15	20	0	0	0
Tatar	185	90	95	0	0	0
Turk	550	285	265	0	0	0
Turkmen	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	130	50	85	0	0	0
Yemeni	260	130	125	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	235	115	115	0	0	0
South Asian origins	6,745	3,385	3,360	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	90	50	45	0	0	0
Bengali	60	20	40	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	5,220	2,610	2,615	0	0	0
Goan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	15	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	295	165	125	0	0	0
Punjabi	100	60	40	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	690	350	345	0	0	0
Tamil	225	95	130	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	310	160	155	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	23,975	11,075	12,905	0	0	0
Burmese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	45	15	35	0	0	0
Chinese	12,510	6,000	6,505	0	0	0
Filipino	5,430	2,140	3,290	0	0	0
Hmong	15	0	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Japanese	455	215	240	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	4,935	2,430	2,500	0	0	0
Laotian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Malaysian	110	40	65	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Taiwanese	220	100	115	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,030	505	525	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	110	55	60	0	0	0
Australian	35	15	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	55	25	30	0	0	0
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
Owner	31,305	...	...	10	...	...
Renter	7,135	...	...	0	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
Condominium	10,670	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	27,770	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
No bedrooms	85	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,880	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,120	...	...	60	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,755	...	...	75	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	16,600	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	38,440	...	...	205	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,900	...	...	60	...	...
5 rooms	5,400	...	...	50	...	...
6 rooms	4,885	...	...	40	...	...
7 rooms	5,145	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,110	...	...	30	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,260	...	...	175	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,180	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
Suitable	35,940	...	...	150	...	...
Not suitable	2,500	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
1960 or before	1,380	...	...	10	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,455	...	...	75	...	...
1981 to 1990	10,755	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,075	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,110	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,815	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,860	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	37,185	...	...	85	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,255	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	38,440	...	...	200	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,445	...	...	145	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,640	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,355	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	38,440	...	...	205	...	...
15 to 24 years	400	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,165	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,330	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,140	...	...	45	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,010	...	...	40	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,925	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,340	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,125	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	38,375	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	25,110	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	13,260	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,750	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	31,295	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,635	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,814	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	801,341	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	872,276	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,140	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	58.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,433	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,449	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	93,650	44,600	49,050	460	245	215
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,565	5,085	5,475	195	110	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,395	10,160	11,240	95	45	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	61,690	29,360	32,325	170	90	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,500	2,215	1,280	90	60	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,015	1,155	865	80	50	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,485	1,065	420	10	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,175	6,645	8,530	50	20	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,165	1,410	1,760	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	39,855	19,090	20,760	25	10	20
Bachelor's degree	24,920	11,285	13,635	15	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,585	1,725	1,865	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,430	805	625	0	0	0
Master's degree	8,420	4,360	4,065	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,495	915	575	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	60,255	28,350	31,910	295	155	135
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,615	1,350	1,265	100	60	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,270	5,100	5,165	60	25	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,370	21,895	25,475	130	75	60
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,165	1,345	820	65	50	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,295	735	565	55	40	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	865	610	255	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,175	4,740	6,435	45	20	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,245	960	1,285	10	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	31,785	14,850	16,930	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree	19,765	8,860	10,900	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,750	1,250	1,505	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,160	640	520	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,975	3,460	3,515	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,130	635	495	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	93,650	44,605	49,050	460	250	215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	31,960	15,245	16,715	290	160	135
Education	3,960	635	3,325	10	0	10
13. Education	3,960	635	3,330	15	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,635	1,040	1,595	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	305	230	75	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,330	810	1,525	0	0	0
Humanities	3,835	1,310	2,525	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	665	115	550	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	935	225	705	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,130	385	745	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	280	130	145	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	290	225	60	0	0	0
54. History	405	220	190	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	130	0	125	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,725	3,150	5,580	10	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	15	80	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	705	270	430	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,135	85	1,050	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,690	785	900	0	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	140	30	115	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,480	365	1,115	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,490	1,600	1,890	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	13,975	6,800	7,180	30	15	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	890	195	705	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	13,055	6,590	6,465	20	10	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,315	1,500	1,810	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,235	500	735	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	805	340	465	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	75	20	55	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,105	625	475	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	15	85	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,175	2,470	1,705	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,035	1,980	1,055	0	0	0
25. Library science	205	15	195	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	835	435	400	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	105	45	55	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,420	9,155	2,265	40	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	720	405	320	0	0	0
14. Engineering	6,720	5,055	1,665	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,535	1,320	220	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	910	890	25	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,015	1,005	10	0	10	0
48. Precision production	515	490	30	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	555	295	260	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	335	170	165	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	220	125	95	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,290	2,150	5,135	15	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	595	300	295	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,320	1,630	4,690	15	10	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	375	220	150	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,800	860	935	50	30	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,185	355	830	20	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	310	255	55	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	285	240	45	20	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	60,260	28,350	31,910	295	155	140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,890	6,460	6,435	160	80	80
Education	2,820	440	2,385	10	0	0
13. Education	2,820	440	2,380	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,955	720	1,230	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	195	140	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,760	585	1,170	0	0	0
Humanities	2,830	965	1,865	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	525	80	440	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	640	160	480	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	845	275	565	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	210	100	110	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	190	55	0	0	0
54. History	270	150	120	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	95	0	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,920	2,400	4,515	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	10	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	520	195	325	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	845	45	800	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,415	610	805	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	95	25	75	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,185	285	895	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,785	1,235	1,545	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,025	5,185	5,840	25	10	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	690	125	570	10	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,320	5,055	5,265	15	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,475	1,085	1,395	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	915	355	565	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	610	250	360	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	55	15	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	815	455	360	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	15	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,640	2,160	1,475	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,755	1,810	950	0	10	0
25. Library science	160	10	150	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	645	315	325	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	75	25	50	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,365	6,525	1,845	35	35	10
04. Architecture and related services	595	330	265	0	0	0
14. Engineering	5,230	3,840	1,395	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,020	875	145	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	565	545	20	10	10	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	625	620	0	0	0	0
48. Precision production	325	315	15	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	405	195	210	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	235	95	135	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	170	95	75	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,665	1,655	4,005	15	10	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	440	215	225	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,920	1,255	3,660	15	0	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	310	180	130	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,270	565	710	35	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	855	235	620	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	215	160	50	0	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	165	35	15	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	93,650	44,605	49,050	460	245	215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,960	15,240	16,720	290	155	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	61,690	29,360	32,330	170	90	80
Location of study inside Canada	35,990	17,225	18,770	170	90	80
Same as province or territory of residence	32,985	15,780	17,200	155	80	75
Different than province or territory of residence	3,015	1,440	1,570	15	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25,695	12,140	13,555	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,155	1,195	960	0	0	0
Philippines	2,040	580	1,460	0	0	0
India	1,195	585	615	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	875	480	400	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,775	905	870	0	0	0
France	125	60	60	0	0	0
Other	17,530	8,335	9,195	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	60,260	28,350	31,910	290	155	140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,890	6,455	6,430	165	85	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,370	21,895	25,475	130	70	60
Location of study inside Canada	27,980	13,075	14,905	130	75	55
Same as province or territory of residence	25,720	12,000	13,720	115	60	55
Different than province or territory of residence	2,265	1,080	1,190	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	19,390	8,820	10,570	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,640	845	800	0	0	0
Philippines	1,735	475	1,260	0	0	0
India	905	440	465	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	485	275	210	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,505	750	755	0	0	0
France	100	50	50	0	0	0
Other	13,020	5,990	7,035	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	93,655	44,605	49,050	460	245	215
In the labour force	61,545	31,370	30,185	180	105	75
Employed	57,635	29,415	28,225	125	65	55
Unemployed	3,905	1,950	1,955	60	45	15
Not in the labour force	32,105	13,235	18,865	280	135	145
Participation rate	65.7	70.3	61.5	39.1	42.9	34.9
Employment rate	61.5	65.9	57.5	27.2	26.5	25.6
Unemployment rate	6.3	6.2	6.5	33.3	42.9	20.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	93,655	44,605	49,045	460	245	215
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	29,495	12,270	17,220	270	140	130
Worked	64,155	32,330	31,825	190	105	85
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	32,970	18,220	14,740	75	40	40
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	31,190	14,110	17,080	110	70	45
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	43.2	41.5	36.4	34.3	39.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	61,550	31,365	30,180	180	110	75
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,360	685	680	25	20	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	60,190	30,680	29,505	155	90	65
Employee	49,285	23,500	25,785	150	85	65
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10,900	7,180	3,715	0	0	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	61,550	31,365	30,180	180	110	70
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,360	685	680	25	20	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	60,190	30,685	29,505	150	90	65
0 Management occupations	8,310	5,360	2,950	15	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,700	4,005	7,695	0	0	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	6,985	5,095	1,890	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,135	1,275	2,855	0	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,825	2,380	5,440	25	0	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,375	1,090	1,280	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	12,465	5,940	6,520	35	20	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,440	4,240	200	55	50	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	245	225	25	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,715	1,070	640	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	61,545	31,365	30,180	180	110	70
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,360	680	675	30	20	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	60,185	30,680	29,505	155	90	65
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	60	40	25	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	30	25	0	10	0
22 Utilities	215	145	70	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,130	2,640	490	25	25	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,175	3,415	1,765	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,055	1,950	1,100	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,595	3,115	3,480	15	10	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,910	1,465	445	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,655	965	690	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,705	2,355	2,345	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,230	1,195	1,035	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,425	4,965	3,455	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	140	55	85	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,275	1,280	1,000	10	10	0
61 Educational services	5,395	1,600	3,800	20	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	6,310	1,525	4,780	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,125	630	495	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,810	1,340	1,470	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,925	1,025	1,905	10	0	0
91 Public administration	2,005	960	1,045	25	15	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	57,635	29,410	28,225	125	60	60
Worked at home	6,075	2,945	3,130	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	380	260	120	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,985	4,065	1,920	35	30	0
Worked at usual place	45,195	22,145	23,055	85	35	55
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	45,200	22,145	23,055	85	35	50
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,630	5,415	6,210	45	15	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,125	3,260	3,860	10	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	26,340	13,420	12,925	25	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	100	45	55	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,185	26,205	24,975	120	65	55
Car, truck, van - as a driver	36,140	20,165	15,975	100	50	50
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,615	845	1,775	10	10	0
Public transit	10,105	4,275	5,830	0	0	0
Walked	1,540	545	995	0	0	10
Bicycle	210	150	60	0	0	0
Other method	575	230	345	0	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,180	26,205	24,975	120	60	55
Less than 15 minutes	6,905	3,040	3,865	70	30	40
15 to 29 minutes	15,520	7,870	7,655	20	10	10
30 to 44 minutes	13,210	7,105	6,105	10	0	0
45 to 59 minutes	6,385	3,465	2,920	10	0	10
60 minutes and over	9,160	4,725	4,430	20	20	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,180	26,210	24,975	120	60	55
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,555	1,120	430	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,210	3,750	2,460	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,855	6,895	6,960	25	10	15
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,560	7,220	7,340	50	15	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	9,125	4,290	4,835	10	10	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,880	2,930	2,945	20	15	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	66,285	33,375	32,910	195	105	90
Single responses	64,495	32,595	31,900	195	105	85
Official languages	62,605	31,695	30,910	165	95	75
English	62,420	31,665	30,765	170	90	80
French	185	30	155	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,885	905	990	25	15	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,890	905	985	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	35	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	30	80	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	105	25	80	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	760	360	400	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	445	195	245	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	445	200	250	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	415	185	235	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	235	130	105	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	200	115	80	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	200	115	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	45	15	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	425	220	210	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	515	265	245	0	0	0
Chinese languages	515	265	245	0	0	0
Cantonese	210	90	115	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	285	170	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,790	780	1,010	10	0	0
English and French	260	80	180	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,505	695	810	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	25	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	66,285	33,375	32,910	195	105	85
None	59,665	30,120	29,545	115	70	45
English	1,025	470	555	20	10	10
French	640	305	330	0	0	0
Non-official language	4,880	2,445	2,435	60	30	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	60	30	35
Non-Aboriginal	4,880	2,445	2,435	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	0	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	35	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	110,810	53,335	57,475	675	350	325
Non-movers	99,470	47,985	51,485	630	330	300
Movers	11,335	5,350	5,980	45	20	25
Non-migrants	5,855	2,705	3,150	15	0	10
Migrants	5,480	2,645	2,830	30	15	15
Internal migrants	3,715	1,850	1,865	30	15	15
Intraprovincial migrants	3,395	1,705	1,690	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	320	145	180	10	0	0
External migrants	1,765	800	965	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	106,725	51,175	55,555	610	320	290
Non-movers	72,000	34,635	37,360	475	250	230
Movers	34,725	16,535	18,190	135	75	60
Non-migrants	16,985	8,070	8,920	55	25	30
Migrants	17,740	8,470	9,275	80	50	35
Internal migrants	10,535	5,230	5,305	80	50	35
Intraprovincial migrants	9,640	4,830	4,810	45	25	20
Interprovincial migrants	900	405	500	30	25	10
External migrants	7,200	3,240	3,965	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Thornhill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Little Pine 116, IRI [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thornhill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Little Pine 116, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Thornhill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Little Pine 116, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thornhill [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Little Pine 116, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan