Census Profile, 2016 Census
Timmins--James Bay [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Timmins--James Bay Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Alberni-Clayoquot A, RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Timmins--James Bay [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Timmins--James Bay [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	83,257	...	...	243	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	83,104	...	...	192	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.2	...	...	26.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	39,486	...	...	444	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34,754	...	...	132	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.3	...	...	0.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	248,070.73	...	...	1,621.57	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	83,260	41,610	41,655	240	150	95
0 to 14 years	14,850	7,550	7,295	5	0	5
0 to 4 years	4,985	2,520	2,470	0	0	0
5 to 9 years	5,120	2,590	2,535	5	0	5
10 to 14 years	4,740	2,445	2,295	0	0	0
15 to 64 years	54,655	27,605	27,055	165	95	65
15 to 19 years	5,095	2,680	2,420	5	0	5
20 to 24 years	4,945	2,590	2,360	20	10	5
25 to 29 years	5,205	2,660	2,550	15	10	5
30 to 34 years	4,925	2,435	2,495	5	5	0
35 to 39 years	4,835	2,365	2,475	15	10	5
40 to 44 years	4,900	2,455	2,450	5	5	0
45 to 49 years	5,335	2,625	2,710	15	5	5
50 to 54 years	6,720	3,345	3,380	30	15	10
55 to 59 years	6,825	3,495	3,325	30	20	10
60 to 64 years	5,860	2,965	2,900	30	10	15
65 years and over	13,755	6,450	7,300	75	50	25
65 to 69 years	4,790	2,440	2,350	40	25	15
70 to 74 years	3,325	1,630	1,690	15	5	5
75 to 79 years	2,380	1,085	1,295	15	10	5
80 to 84 years	1,760	775	980	0	5	0
85 years and over	1,500	515	985	5	5	5
85 to 89 years	975	360	615	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	425	135	290	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	90	15	75	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.8	18.1	17.5	2.1	0.0	5.3
15 to 64 years	65.6	66.3	65.0	68.8	63.3	68.4
65 years and over	16.5	15.5	17.5	31.3	33.3	26.3
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.4	2.1	3.3	5.3
Average age of the population	40.8	40.1	41.4	52.7	53.7	51.0
Median age of the population	41.8	41.1	42.6	56.8	57.2	56.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	34,750	...	...	130	...	...
Single-detached house	24,960	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	720	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,440	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,820	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	910	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,305	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,235	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	165	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	635	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	34,755	...	...	135	...	...
1 person	10,180	...	...	70	...	...
2 persons	12,875	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	4,995	...	...	5	...	...
4 persons	4,190	...	...	0	...	...
5 or more persons	2,520	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	82,125	...	...	215	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	1.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	68,410	34,055	34,355	235	145	90
Married or living common law	40,795	20,410	20,390	115	60	55
Married	30,740	15,410	15,330	85	50	35
Living common law	10,055	5,000	5,060	30	15	15
Not married and not living common law	27,615	13,645	13,965	120	85	40
Never married	17,195	9,820	7,380	65	45	20
Separated	2,370	1,120	1,255	5	5	0
Divorced	3,520	1,685	1,835	40	30	15
Widowed	4,525	1,025	3,500	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	24,315	...	...	55	...	...
2 persons	13,410	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	4,975	...	...	5	...	...
4 persons	3,990	...	...	0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,945	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	24,320	...	...	55	...	...
Total couple families	20,085	...	...	50	...	...
Married couples	15,055	...	...	40	...	...
Common-law couples	5,030	...	...	15	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,235	...	...	0	...	...
Female parent	3,075	...	...	0	...	...
Male parent	1,165	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,085	...	...	50	...	...
Couples without children	10,860	...	...	45	...	...
Couples with children	9,225	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	3,845	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	3,610	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	1,770	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,230	...	...	0	...	...
1 child	2,550	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,130	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	555	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,715	6,935	6,780	90	70	25
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	34,750	...	...	135	...	...
One-census-family households	23,050	...	...	50	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,465	...	...	45	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,585	...	...	10	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	610	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,095	...	...	80	...	...
One-person households	10,180	...	...	70	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	915	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	82,460	41,240	41,220	245	145	90
English only	47,035	24,270	22,770	225	135	90
French only	1,465	675	795	0	0	0
English and French	33,700	16,175	17,520	15	5	5
Neither English nor French	265	125	135	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	82,465	41,245	41,220	240	150	95
English	58,435	29,520	28,915	235	145	90
French	23,385	11,410	11,980	5	5	5
English and French	395	200	195	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	250	115	135	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	23,580	11,505	12,075	5	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	28.6	27.9	29.3	2.1	3.3	5.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	82,465	41,240	41,220	245	150	95
Single responses	80,435	40,260	40,175	235	145	90
Official languages	73,855	37,015	36,840	220	135	90
English	50,260	25,500	24,760	215	125	85
French	23,595	11,510	12,085	5	5	5
Non-official languages	6,580	3,250	3,330	20	10	5
Aboriginal languages	3,790	1,915	1,870	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	3,780	1,910	1,865	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	3,670	1,845	1,820	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	40	20	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	155	55	100	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	3,460	1,770	1,690	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	65	45	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	75	50	25	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,795	1,330	1,460	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	35	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	55	35	25	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	170	50	125	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	40	105	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,955	945	1,010	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	460	205	255	5	0	0
Baltic languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	440	190	255	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	105	45	60	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	150	65	90	5	0	0
Russian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	35	45	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	760	380	375	10	5	0
Afrikaans	30	20	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	5	0
Dutch	105	60	45	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	600	290	310	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	90	75	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	145	80	70	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	30	30	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	555	260	295	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	395	190	205	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	25	20	0	0	0
Romanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	90	40	50	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	190	95	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages	190	95	95	0	0	0
Cantonese	105	50	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Estonian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	230	105	125	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,025	985	1,045	5	0	0
English and French	1,410	695	715	5	0	0
English and non-official language	580	265	310	5	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	82,460	41,240	41,220	245	145	95
Single responses	80,025	40,085	39,940	245	145	95
Official languages	77,145	38,655	38,490	240	145	90
English	63,895	32,400	31,490	240	145	95
French	13,255	6,250	7,000	5	0	0
Non-official languages	2,875	1,435	1,440	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	1,900	990	910	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,900	990	910	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	1,880	975	900	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	45	20	30	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	1,825	955	865	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	980	440	535	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	25	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	20	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	685	305	380	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	30	45	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	365	170	190	0	5	0
Afrikaans	20	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	335	155	180	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	50	90	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	25	55	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	40	15	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	55	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	35	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,440	1,155	1,280	0	5	0
English and French	1,640	800	840	0	0	0
English and non-official language	765	340	425	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	82,460	41,245	41,220	240	150	95
None	62,395	31,655	30,735	235	145	90
English	8,295	3,950	4,340	5	0	0
French	9,210	4,420	4,790	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,465	1,165	1,305	5	5	0
Aboriginal	1,575	765	815	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	895	400	495	0	0	5
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	67,280	33,545	33,740	205	125	80
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,690	32,400	32,290	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,671	43,611	26,725	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,705	32,405	32,300	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,860	38,856	25,028	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	55,775	28,655	27,120	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,882	44,486	24,596	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,615	21,245	25,365	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,859	8,126	7,669	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,960	25,005	21,960	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,678	46,552	26,893	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	67,385	33,580	33,810	220	145	70
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,780	32,440	32,345	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,438	54,117	34,729	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,800	32,440	32,360	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,407	44,237	30,561	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,750	28,680	27,075	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,961	54,480	32,819	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,945	21,360	25,585	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,113	9,043	9,171	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,030	25,080	21,950	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,461	53,948	33,623	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	67,390	33,580	33,805	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	20,995	11,845	9,145	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,579	67,277	45,696	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,257	74,197	51,380	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.2	88.9	79.4	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.9	77.3	66.0	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.8	11.1	20.6	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	67,280	33,545	33,735	x	x	x
Without total income	2,595	1,145	1,450	x	x	x
With total income	64,690	32,405	32,285	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.6	95.7	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,015	3,720	5,300	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	11,355	4,460	6,895	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	9,255	3,880	5,365	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	7,070	3,055	4,020	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,140	2,895	3,240	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,885	2,520	2,365	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,900	2,330	1,565	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,900	1,950	950	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,250	1,525	730	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	2,280	1,535	745	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	5,640	4,525	1,115	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	4,445	3,540	905	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	1,200	990	205	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	67,285	33,545	33,735	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	2,575	1,140	1,430	x	x	x
With after-tax income	64,710	32,405	32,305	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.6	95.8	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,225	3,785	5,435	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	11,825	4,620	7,205	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	10,550	4,475	6,080	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,340	3,785	4,560	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,025	3,550	3,470	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,240	3,150	2,085	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,825	2,545	1,280	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,285	2,295	990	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	5,390	4,190	1,195	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,240	1,675	565	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,230	1,005	225	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,915	1,515	400	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	67,285	33,545	33,735	x	x	x
Without employment income	20,320	8,540	11,780	x	x	x
With employment income	46,960	25,005	21,960	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	69.8	74.5	65.1	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,420	3,735	3,685	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	3,775	1,570	2,210	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	5,530	2,340	3,185	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	4,610	1,925	2,685	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,260	1,740	2,515	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	4,010	1,790	2,220	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,535	1,860	1,680	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,830	1,785	1,045	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,265	1,550	715	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	8,730	6,710	2,020	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,900	1,315	585	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	2,080	1,390	695	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	4,745	4,005	740	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	34,750	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,856	...	...	46,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,255	...	...	40,832	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,180	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,577	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,224	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	24,575	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,243	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,111	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	34,810	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,700	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,634	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,185	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,609	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,378	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	24,625	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,284	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,390	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	34,755	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	405	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	430	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,220	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,650	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,865	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,505	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,670	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,565	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,425	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,380	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,655	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,250	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,045	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,890	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,750	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,040	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,770	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,625	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,925	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,725	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,755	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	430	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	445	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,225	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,705	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,055	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,680	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,850	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,785	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,660	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,675	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,090	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,630	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,505	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,265	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,945	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,820	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,500	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,065	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,260	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,955	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,072	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,919	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,285	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,221	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,066	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,315	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,795	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,761	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,820	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,268	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,367	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,975	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,210	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,266	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,320	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,861	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,611	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,305	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,916	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,850	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,800	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,305	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,811	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,050	6,115	5,935	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,760	35,712	25,348	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,508	32,133	24,293	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,060	6,015	6,040	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,462	47,041	35,907	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,448	38,999	31,911	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	82,125	41,095	41,030	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	41,065	19,795	21,265	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	9,195	4,450	4,740	x	x	x
In the second decile	9,420	4,205	5,215	x	x	x
In the third decile	7,845	3,815	4,035	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	7,320	3,685	3,640	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	7,280	3,650	3,635	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	41,060	21,300	19,760	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	7,600	3,840	3,760	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	8,190	4,240	3,950	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	8,950	4,660	4,290	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	9,355	4,870	4,485	x	x	x
In the top decile	6,960	3,680	3,275	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	76,155	37,955	38,200	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	15,635	8,000	7,640	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	5,135	2,610	2,525	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	47,890	23,980	23,910	x	x	x
65 years and over	12,625	5,975	6,650	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,570	5,245	6,325	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	3,030	1,565	1,470	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,160	580	580	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	6,335	2,875	3,460	x	x	x
65 years and over	2,205	810	1,400	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.2	13.8	16.6	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	19.4	19.6	19.2	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	22.6	22.2	23.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.0	14.5	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	17.5	13.6	21.1	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,280	2,080	2,205	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	1,125	550	575	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	430	195	230	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	2,990	1,445	1,540	x	x	x
65 years and over	165	75	90	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.6	5.5	5.8	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	6.9	7.5	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	7.5	9.1	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	6.0	6.4	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.3	1.4	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	82,160	41,105	41,055	235	160	80
Official languages	81,930	40,980	40,950	235	155	80
English	80,535	40,350	40,190	240	160	80
French	35,090	16,825	18,265	20	15	0
Non-official languages	8,350	4,150	4,200	20	10	0
Aboriginal languages	4,715	2,395	2,320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	4,670	2,380	2,290	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	4,530	2,295	2,230	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	80	45	30	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	310	165	145	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	4,160	2,095	2,070	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	155	90	65	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	110	70	40	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	30	10	20	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,635	1,755	1,885	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	30	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	55	120	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	50	120	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,720	1,295	1,430	25	10	10
Albanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	520	225	300	0	0	10
Baltic languages	30	30	10	0	0	0
Latvian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	495	200	295	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	105	50	60	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	210	80	130	0	0	10
Russian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Serbian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	835	440	395	15	15	0
Afrikaans	75	45	30	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	10	0
Dutch	190	100	90	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	615	315	305	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	90	95	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	160	80	80	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	85	50	35	0	0	0
Hindi	80	50	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,200	540	655	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	550	225	330	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	35	40	0	0	0
Romanian	50	15	30	0	0	0
Spanish	565	280	280	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	40	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	20	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	130	55	75	0	0	0
American Sign Language	40	20	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	85	35	55	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	180	105	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	180	105	75	0	0	0
Cantonese	100	60	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	295	160	135	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	235	120	115	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	82,165	41,110	41,055	235	155	80
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	81,395	40,730	40,665	200	145	60
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,770	9,115	8,650	10	10	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	63,625	31,610	32,015	195	135	55
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	770	375	390	35	15	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	82,165	41,105	41,055	235	160	75
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	79,390	39,745	39,645	165	125	40
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,620	1,270	1,350	45	25	20
Before 1981	1,400	700	700	20	15	10
1981 to 1990	190	100	95	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	320	140	175	10	10	0
2001 to 2010	410	185	225	10	10	0
2001 to 2005	185	85	95	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	225	95	130	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	305	150	155	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	155	90	65	25	0	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,620	1,275	1,345	50	30	20
Under 5 years	500	265	235	0	10	0
5 to 14 years	585	335	250	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	545	240	305	0	10	0
25 to 44 years	910	400	510	15	0	10
45 years and over	80	40	45	20	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,620	1,270	1,350	45	25	20
Americas	425	185	245	20	0	15
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mexico	40	15	25	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	240	105	140	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	80	45	35	10	0	0
Europe	1,485	745	740	30	20	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	30	20	10	0	0	0
France	25	10	15	0	0	0
Germany	205	110	95	10	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	25	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	250	115	140	0	0	0
Netherlands	90	60	35	0	0	0
Poland	95	35	60	0	0	10
Portugal	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	45	25	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	370	155	215	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	280	165	110	10	0	0
Africa	150	100	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	40	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	30	10	0	0	0
Asia	525	215	310	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	115	35	75	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	15	0	0	0	0
India	95	45	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	170	50	120	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	30	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	305	145	155	0	0	0
Americas	80	30	55	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	10	30	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	35	10	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	55	40	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	20	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	100	35	65	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	10	35	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Australia	30	30	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	82,160	41,105	41,055	235	155	75
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,935	1,450	1,485	75	35	35
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,075	2,880	3,195	25	20	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	73,155	36,770	36,380	135	100	35
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,240	585	660	25	10	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	640	325	310	10	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	275	160	115	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	365	170	200	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	495	190	300	15	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	105	60	50	0	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	82,160	41,105	41,055	235	155	80
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	15,815	7,980	7,835	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	15,620	7,885	7,730	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	11,530	5,790	5,740	10	10	0
Métis	4,035	2,055	1,975	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	60	40	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	105	60	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	66,350	33,130	33,220	230	150	80
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	82,160	41,105	41,055	240	155	80
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10,965	5,520	5,445	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	71,200	35,590	35,605	225	150	75
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	82,160	41,105	41,055	235	155	75
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	8,940	4,615	4,325	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	8,855	4,580	4,270	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	8,355	4,305	4,050	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	480	260	220	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	90	35	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	50	20	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	35	10	30	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,490	4,055	4,435	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	8,190	3,910	4,280	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,445	2,050	2,400	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,665	1,825	1,845	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	40	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	300	140	160	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	250	125	125	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	64,730	32,440	32,295	225	145	80
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	82,165	41,105	41,055	235	160	80
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,340	660	685	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	250	120	125	0	0	0
Chinese	250	135	115	0	0	0
Black	295	150	145	10	10	10
Filipino	225	80	140	0	0	0
Latin American	120	65	50	0	0	0
Arab	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	45	25	15	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	80,820	40,450	40,370	230	150	75
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	82,160	41,105	41,055	240	160	80
North American Aboriginal origins	17,430	8,665	8,760	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	13,180	6,525	6,655	10	15	0
Inuit	180	75	105	0	0	0
Métis	4,460	2,240	2,220	0	0	0
Other North American origins	39,400	19,710	19,685	60	35	25
Acadian	125	55	75	0	0	0
American	530	255	275	15	10	10
Canadian	38,840	19,440	19,395	40	30	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	70	35	35	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Québécois	120	45	75	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	52,470	26,020	26,455	205	130	70
British Isles origins	30,400	15,015	15,390	150	95	55
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	16,645	8,200	8,445	105	65	40
Irish	12,465	5,965	6,500	45	30	15
Manx	25	10	20	0	0	0
Scottish	11,405	5,640	5,770	70	30	35
Welsh	790	435	360	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,440	700	740	10	0	0
French origins	27,025	13,405	13,615	15	10	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	27,025	13,405	13,615	15	10	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,440	3,690	3,750	70	40	30
Austrian	190	95	95	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	245	115	130	10	10	0
Dutch	1,815	930	885	25	10	20
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,410	2,620	2,790	35	30	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swiss	295	145	140	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,770	1,390	1,380	10	10	0
Danish	225	100	130	10	10	0
Finnish	1,435	720	715	0	0	0
Icelandic	40	35	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	640	340	300	10	10	0
Swedish	505	240	265	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	120	60	60	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,115	2,620	2,495	10	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Czech	70	35	35	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	290	160	130	0	0	0
Latvian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	80	50	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,480	1,235	1,240	0	0	0
Romanian	255	130	120	0	0	0
Russian	480	220	260	0	0	0
Slovak	135	65	70	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,890	1,000	890	10	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,070	2,350	2,720	25	20	10
Albanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	445	200	245	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	140	70	65	0	0	0
Italian	3,720	1,725	1,995	25	20	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	215	120	95	0	0	0
Serbian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	145	75	70	0	0	0
Spanish	330	115	225	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	250	115	135	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	90	45	55	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	130	60	70	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	265	125	140	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	40	20	25	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	135	55	85	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	240	105	130	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	0	10	10	0
Colombian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	40	50	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	300	160	140	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	65	40	25	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80	30	45	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	10	0	0	0
South African	45	15	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	140	75	65	0	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	110	60	50	10	10	0
Asian origins	1,155	545	610	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	160	90	70	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	70	40	30	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	235	115	125	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	165	90	80	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	10	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	745	340	405	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	415	200	220	0	0	0
Filipino	265	100	165	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	70	45	30	0	0	0
Australian	65	35	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	34,810	...	...	145	...	...
Owner	23,940	...	...	105	...	...
Renter	9,975	...	...	40	...	...
Band housing	895	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	34,810	...	...	145	...	...
Condominium	555	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	34,255	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	34,805	...	...	145	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,000	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,675	...	...	80	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,355	...	...	20	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,730	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	34,805	...	...	145	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,370	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	6,645	...	...	20	...	...
6 rooms	6,780	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	4,905	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,105	...	...	15	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	34,805	...	...	145	...	...
One person or fewer per room	34,380	...	...	140	...	...
More than 1 person per room	425	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	34,810	...	...	145	...	...
Suitable	33,595	...	...	140	...	...
Not suitable	1,215	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	34,810	...	...	145	...	...
1960 or before	13,470	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,020	...	...	30	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,920	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,865	...	...	40	...	...
2001 to 2005	650	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	830	...	...	15	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,070	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	34,805	...	...	145	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	30,475	...	...	120	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,335	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	34,805	...	...	145	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,295	...	...	100	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,185	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	325	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	34,805	...	...	145	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,285	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,905	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,285	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,890	...	...	15	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,480	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,165	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,890	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	905	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	32,850	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	26,245	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,605	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,950	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,160	...	...	105	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.9	...	...	38.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.2	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	938	...	...	385	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,076	...	...	700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,666	...	...	424,542	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	207,927	...	...	456,793	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,745	...	...	40	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	24.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.8	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	779	...	...	637	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	820	...	...	592	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	67,385	33,580	33,805	215	150	70
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,370	10,180	9,185	15	15	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,080	7,975	9,095	50	25	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,940	15,420	15,520	145	110	40
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,470	5,095	1,375	55	45	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,360	2,435	925	25	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,105	2,655	450	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,010	7,480	9,530	20	15	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	970	410	565	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,495	2,440	4,050	65	40	25
Bachelor's degree	4,835	1,700	3,135	30	25	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	530	200	330	20	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	145	65	0	0	0
Master's degree	835	345	490	20	10	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	50	35	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	44,330	22,055	22,280	125	75	50
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,435	4,750	3,690	0	0	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,285	5,305	5,975	35	15	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,615	12,000	12,615	80	60	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,690	3,690	1,000	25	20	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,470	1,805	665	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,220	1,885	340	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,020	6,130	7,885	15	10	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	730	330	400	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,180	1,850	3,325	40	20	20
Bachelor's degree	3,880	1,315	2,565	20	15	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	410	145	260	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	95	55	0	0	0
Master's degree	675	255	420	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	67,385	33,580	33,805	215	145	70
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	36,445	18,160	18,285	70	35	30
Education	2,195	450	1,745	15	10	0
13. Education	2,195	450	1,745	15	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	445	205	240	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	85	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	340	120	215	0	0	0
Humanities	875	300	570	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	20	40	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	180	45	130	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	65	155	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	25	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	60	40	0	10	0
54. History	140	70	70	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	10	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,485	600	1,885	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	0	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	45	80	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	870	40	830	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	385	130	260	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	445	90	350	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	575	275	295	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,385	1,350	4,035	15	15	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,110	195	920	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,260	1,155	3,105	15	15	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	725	380	340	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	255	115	140	15	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	25	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	310	205	105	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	35	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	455	295	160	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	365	255	110	0	0	0
25. Library science	40	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	40	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,875	8,495	385	45	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	135	90	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	490	455	40	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,465	2,270	195	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,680	1,645	35	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,115	3,070	40	15	10	0
48. Precision production	990	960	35	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,005	670	330	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	355	200	155	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	655	470	180	0	10	0
Health and related fields	5,680	905	4,775	10	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	315	135	175	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,335	745	4,590	10	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	25	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,800	1,765	1,040	25	15	10
12. Personal and culinary services	975	255	720	20	15	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	820	585	235	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	995	910	90	10	0	0
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	44,335	22,055	22,275	130	75	50
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,720	10,055	9,665	40	20	20
Education	1,600	305	1,295	0	0	0
13. Education	1,600	305	1,295	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	175	185	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	75	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	265	100	165	0	0	0
Humanities	605	205	400	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	20	30	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	115	25	85	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	45	130	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	10	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	40	15	0	0	0
54. History	115	60	55	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,070	485	1,590	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	45	70	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	725	25	705	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	350	115	230	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	365	65	305	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	465	230	235	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,580	1,040	3,540	15	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	955	145	810	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,620	890	2,730	10	10	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	570	280	290	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	95	105	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	10	40	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	240	145	100	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	30	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	400	265	140	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	340	230	105	0	0	0
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	35	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,895	6,585	310	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	100	70	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	410	375	35	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,980	1,820	160	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,265	1,235	30	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,420	2,390	30	0	0	0
48. Precision production	720	700	20	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	790	505	285	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	285	150	135	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	500	350	150	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,385	710	3,680	10	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	235	100	135	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,130	595	3,535	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	15	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,335	1,445	890	15	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	780	185	595	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	715	495	215	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	825	750	75	0	10	10
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	67,385	33,580	33,805	220	150	70
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,445	18,160	18,285	70	40	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,935	15,420	15,520	145	110	40
Location of study inside Canada	29,985	14,900	15,085	115	85	35
Same as province or territory of residence	28,655	14,255	14,405	65	40	20
Different than province or territory of residence	1,330	645	685	50	45	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	955	520	430	35	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	290	155	135	10	10	10
Philippines	80	20	55	0	0	0
India	75	35	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	110	60	45	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	385	235	150	15	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	44,330	22,055	22,275	125	75	50
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,720	10,055	9,665	40	20	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,615	12,000	12,615	85	60	25
Location of study inside Canada	23,900	11,615	12,280	70	50	20
Same as province or territory of residence	22,850	11,115	11,730	40	20	15
Different than province or territory of residence	1,045	495	545	30	25	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	720	385	335	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	220	120	105	0	0	10
Philippines	60	20	40	0	0	0
India	70	40	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	25	25	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	290	175	120	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	67,385	33,575	33,805	220	145	70
In the labour force	41,045	21,780	19,265	115	80	35
Employed	37,195	19,315	17,880	110	80	30
Unemployed	3,850	2,465	1,385	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	26,340	11,800	14,545	105	65	35
Participation rate	60.9	64.9	57.0	52.3	55.2	50.0
Employment rate	55.2	57.5	52.9	50.0	55.2	42.9
Unemployment rate	9.4	11.3	7.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	67,385	33,580	33,805	220	145	70
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	24,005	10,540	13,465	70	50	25
Worked	43,375	23,040	20,340	145	100	45
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	21,455	12,140	9,320	45	30	10
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	21,920	10,905	11,020	105	70	40
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.4	41.9	34.1	36.4	29.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	41,045	21,785	19,265	115	85	30
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	775	400	375	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	40,270	21,380	18,890	115	85	35
Employee	37,090	19,430	17,655	80	55	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,180	1,950	1,230	35	30	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	41,045	21,780	19,265	115	85	30
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	775	400	375	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	40,270	21,385	18,890	115	85	30
0 Management occupations	3,470	2,095	1,370	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,135	1,040	4,090	20	10	10
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,100	1,665	435	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,020	480	2,540	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,830	1,305	3,530	10	10	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	410	135	275	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,085	3,515	5,575	35	25	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,820	7,185	630	30	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,165	2,910	255	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,240	1,050	190	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	41,045	21,785	19,265	115	85	30
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	775	400	375	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	40,270	21,385	18,890	120	80	35
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,320	1,000	320	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,305	4,775	535	0	0	0
22 Utilities	490	420	65	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,960	2,600	355	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,945	1,540	405	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	780	635	145	0	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	4,850	2,085	2,770	10	0	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,980	1,305	670	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	440	185	250	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	775	205	570	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	400	240	160	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,380	675	705	10	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	20	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,260	635	620	0	0	0
61 Educational services	2,945	770	2,170	25	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	5,895	920	4,980	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	390	200	190	15	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,625	955	1,675	10	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,630	780	850	10	0	0
91 Public administration	2,885	1,440	1,440	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	37,200	19,315	17,880	115	85	25
Worked at home	1,805	965	840	15	10	0
Worked outside Canada	20	15	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,540	2,580	955	30	35	0
Worked at usual place	31,830	15,750	16,080	60	40	20
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	31,830	15,750	16,080	60	40	25
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,535	11,545	12,990	40	20	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,875	3,260	2,620	10	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,195	800	395	15	15	0
Commute to a different province or territory	230	160	75	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	35,375	18,335	17,035	95	75	25
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,910	14,415	12,500	50	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,930	1,420	1,510	0	0	0
Public transit	1,205	595	610	0	0	0
Walked	3,330	1,275	2,055	10	0	0
Bicycle	180	150	30	0	0	0
Other method	815	475	340	35	30	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	35,375	18,335	17,040	95	75	20
Less than 15 minutes	19,110	8,495	10,610	60	40	15
15 to 29 minutes	9,285	5,080	4,205	15	10	0
30 to 44 minutes	3,420	2,200	1,215	15	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	1,505	1,005	505	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	2,055	1,560	500	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	35,370	18,335	17,035	95	70	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,650	2,960	690	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,360	4,085	2,280	20	15	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,275	4,230	4,045	20	10	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,510	2,615	5,890	30	25	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,630	915	1,710	15	20	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,955	3,530	2,420	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	44,650	23,550	21,105	145	100	45
Single responses	42,425	22,530	19,895	145	100	50
Official languages	42,040	22,285	19,750	150	100	45
English	39,045	21,080	17,965	150	100	50
French	2,995	1,205	1,785	0	0	0
Non-official languages	390	240	150	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	320	200	125	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	320	200	125	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	320	200	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	320	200	125	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	35	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	35	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,230	1,025	1,205	0	0	0
English and French	2,100	970	1,135	0	0	0
English and non-official language	110	45	65	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	44,655	23,550	21,105	150	100	50
None	31,830	17,175	14,655	145	95	45
English	1,905	930	975	0	0	0
French	10,250	5,130	5,120	10	0	0
Non-official language	655	315	340	0	0	0
Aboriginal	540	255	280	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	115	60	55	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	81,290	40,605	40,685	240	155	80
Non-movers	71,965	36,070	35,890	180	125	55
Movers	9,330	4,535	4,790	60	35	25
Non-migrants	6,380	2,980	3,400	20	20	0
Migrants	2,945	1,560	1,390	35	10	20
Internal migrants	2,870	1,525	1,350	10	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	2,670	1,410	1,260	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	205	110	90	0	0	0
External migrants	75	35	40	25	10	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	77,260	38,545	38,715	235	155	80
Non-movers	51,220	25,880	25,340	150	105	45
Movers	26,045	12,665	13,380	85	50	40
Non-migrants	16,735	8,140	8,600	35	30	10
Migrants	9,310	4,530	4,780	50	20	30
Internal migrants	8,875	4,310	4,565	25	15	0
Intraprovincial migrants	8,010	3,870	4,140	20	10	10
Interprovincial migrants	865	440	430	0	0	0
External migrants	430	220	215	30	10	25

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Timmins--James Bay [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Alberni-Clayoquot A, RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Timmins--James Bay [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Timmins--James Bay [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Timmins--James Bay [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Alberni-Clayoquot A, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia