Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Vaughan--Woodbridge Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Massey Drive Newfoundland and Labrador [Population centre]
	Data quality , Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	105,228	...	...	1,632	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	105,450	...	...	1,412^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.2	...	...	15.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	33,045	...	...	624	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	32,403	...	...	610	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,318.0	...	...	658.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	79.84	...	...	2.48	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	105,225	51,490	53,740	1,630	815	820
0 to 14 years	18,340	9,430	8,910	325	165	155
0 to 4 years	4,635	2,365	2,270	90	45	45
5 to 9 years	6,300	3,295	2,995	125	75	55
10 to 14 years	7,410	3,765	3,645	105	50	55
15 to 64 years	69,485	33,760	35,730	1,215	600	615
15 to 19 years	7,335	3,725	3,610	120	50	70
20 to 24 years	6,880	3,595	3,290	110	60	55
25 to 29 years	5,740	2,875	2,865	110	65	45
30 to 34 years	5,320	2,585	2,735	100	40	60
35 to 39 years	5,980	2,730	3,250	160	70	85
40 to 44 years	7,990	3,760	4,230	135	60	75
45 to 49 years	9,095	4,395	4,700	150	70	70
50 to 54 years	8,515	4,170	4,345	150	80	65
55 to 59 years	7,065	3,380	3,685	110	65	45
60 to 64 years	5,565	2,540	3,020	80	35	40
65 years and over	17,400	8,305	9,095	90	50	50
65 to 69 years	5,605	2,625	2,985	40	20	15
70 to 74 years	3,940	1,945	1,995	20	10	15
75 to 79 years	3,550	1,755	1,790	25	15	15
80 to 84 years	2,370	1,180	1,190	10	5	5
85 years and over	1,930	795	1,140	0	5	0
85 to 89 years	1,270	560	710	5	5	5
90 to 94 years	530	190	335	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	110	35	80	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	5	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.4	18.3	16.6	19.9	20.2	18.9
15 to 64 years	66.0	65.6	66.5	74.5	73.6	75.0
65 years and over	16.5	16.1	16.9	5.5	6.1	6.1
85 years and over	1.8	1.5	2.1	0.0	0.6	0.0
Average age of the population	40.6	39.8	41.3	35.3	35.3	35.4
Median age of the population	42.0	41.2	42.7	36.5	36.4	36.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
Single-detached house	22,950	...	...	600	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,805	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,645	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,265	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	2,635	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,100	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	640	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
1 person	3,900	...	...	100	...	...
2 persons	8,205	...	...	205	...	...
3 persons	6,110	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	8,360	...	...	135	...	...
5 or more persons	5,830	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	104,575	...	...	1,635	...	...
Average household size	3.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	86,885	42,060	44,825	1,310	650	660
Married or living common law	53,425	26,650	26,775	880	435	445
Married	51,150	25,515	25,635	720	360	360
Living common law	2,270	1,135	1,140	160	80	80
Not married and not living common law	33,465	15,415	18,050	425	205	220
Never married	24,105	12,750	11,355	310	165	145
Separated	1,685	660	1,025	20	10	15
Divorced	2,935	1,090	1,845	55	25	30
Widowed	4,735	910	3,825	35	5	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,200	...	...	505	...	...
2 persons	10,720	...	...	210	...	...
3 persons	6,980	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	8,905	...	...	130	...	...
5 or more persons	3,590	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,200	...	...	500	...	...
Total couple families	26,175	...	...	440	...	...
Married couples	25,035	...	...	360	...	...
Common-law couples	1,135	...	...	80	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,030	...	...	65	...	...
Female parent	3,220	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	815	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	26,170	...	...	440	...	...
Couples without children	8,510	...	...	175	...	...
Couples with children	17,665	...	...	270	...	...
1 child	5,635	...	...	120	...	...
2 children	8,535	...	...	125	...	...
3 or more children	3,490	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,030	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	2,215	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	1,345	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	470	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,905	3,025	4,880	155	85	65
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
One-census-family households	26,180	...	...	495	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,960	...	...	165	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	19,225	...	...	325	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,950	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,275	...	...	110	...	...
One-person households	3,895	...	...	95	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	380	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	104,740	51,340	53,405	1,630	815	815
English only	94,990	47,685	47,300	1,550	795	755
French only	50	20	30	0	0	5
English and French	5,170	1,935	3,230	80	20	60
Neither English nor French	4,535	1,695	2,840	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	104,740	51,340	53,400	1,630	815	820
English	99,095	49,120	49,975	1,625	815	815
French	535	250	290	5	0	5
English and French	615	305	315	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	4,495	1,670	2,830	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	845	400	445	5	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.3	0.0	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	104,745	51,340	53,405	1,630	815	815
Single responses	100,250	49,185	51,065	1,630	815	815
Official languages	48,595	24,735	23,860	1,615	810	810
English	48,155	24,525	23,630	1,610	805	805
French	445	210	230	10	0	5
Non-official languages	51,650	24,450	27,205	10	5	5
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	51,650	24,445	27,200	10	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,745	1,365	1,380	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	45	20	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,695	1,340	1,360	0	0	0
Amharic	30	10	15	0	0	0
Arabic	1,175	595	575	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	905	435	465	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	345	170	175	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	20	20	0	0	0
Maltese	120	60	60	0	0	0
Tigrigna	30	10	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	30	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,050	915	1,135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	95	45	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,955	870	1,085	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,025	380	645	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	10	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	910	325	580	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,185	590	595	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tamil	1,005	495	505	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40,490	19,220	21,275	10	5	5
Albanian	400	190	205	0	0	0
Armenian	155	70	80	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,365	1,565	1,805	0	0	0
Baltic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,335	1,550	1,780	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	50	60	0	0	0
Croatian	365	180	185	0	0	0
Czech	30	10	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	170	75	95	0	0	0
Polish	610	275	335	0	0	0
Russian	1,480	710	765	0	0	0
Serbian	160	80	75	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	100	40	60	0	0	0
Ukrainian	210	85	125	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	130	150	5	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	25	30	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	200	95	100	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	590	265	325	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,300	3,105	3,200	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,805	2,355	2,450	0	5	0
Bengali	120	60	60	0	0	0
Gujarati	635	300	340	0	0	0
Hindi	530	275	260	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,670	1,315	1,355	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Urdu	720	350	370	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,480	740	735	0	0	0
Kurdish	120	65	55	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	30	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,305	660	645	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	5	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	29,390	13,880	15,510	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	23,755	11,250	12,500	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,885	880	1,000	0	0	0
Romanian	780	365	415	0	0	0
Spanish	2,960	1,375	1,585	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	460	225	235	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	180	90	90	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,710	1,280	1,435	0	5	0
Chinese languages	2,690	1,265	1,420	0	5	0
Cantonese	1,140	525	610	0	0	0
Hakka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,275	610	665	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Lao	65	35	35	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	405	210	195	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Turkish	370	190	185	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	225	110	115	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	210	100	115	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,495	2,155	2,340	5	0	0
English and French	125	60	65	5	0	5
English and non-official language	4,175	2,020	2,155	5	0	0
French and non-official language	100	40	60	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	95	35	60	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	104,740	51,335	53,405	1,635	815	815
Single responses	94,455	46,365	48,085	1,630	815	820
Official languages	70,670	35,260	35,405	1,630	810	815
English	70,500	35,185	35,320	1,625	810	815
French	165	75	90	5	0	5
Non-official languages	23,790	11,105	12,680	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	23,790	11,105	12,685	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,450	710	745	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,425	695	730	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	570	285	285	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	565	265	300	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	190	100	95	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,335	590	745	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,285	565	715	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	380	170	215	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	335	140	195	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	815	385	430	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	70	35	35	0	0	0
Tamil	730	345	385	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,220	8,005	9,220	0	0	0
Albanian	180	90	85	0	0	0
Armenian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,840	885	955	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,830	880	950	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Croatian	140	70	75	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	75	40	40	0	0	0
Polish	285	145	140	0	0	0
Russian	1,035	505	530	0	0	0
Serbian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	150	65	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,660	1,770	1,885	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,765	1,330	1,430	0	0	0
Bengali	55	30	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	360	160	200	0	0	0
Hindi	270	135	130	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,615	795	820	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	410	200	215	0	0	0
Iranian languages	885	430	450	0	0	0
Kurdish	70	40	35	0	0	0
Pashto	35	15	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	780	380	400	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	11,260	5,135	6,130	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	8,745	3,920	4,825	0	0	0
Portuguese	665	330	335	0	0	0
Romanian	410	190	220	0	0	0
Spanish	1,440	690	750	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	285	140	145	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	20	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,845	875	970	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,830	865	960	0	0	0
Cantonese	700	315	385	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	990	480	510	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	80	40	45	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lao	35	20	20	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	250	120	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	245	120	120	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10,285	4,975	5,315	5	5	0
English and French	110	50	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10,025	4,870	5,155	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	120	40	75	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	104,745	51,335	53,405	1,635	815	815
None	75,890	37,525	38,365	1,615	810	800
English	9,400	4,605	4,800	0	0	0
French	450	190	260	15	0	10
Non-official language	18,645	8,865	9,785	5	5	5
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	18,645	8,865	9,780	5	5	5
English and French	50	25	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	135	70	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	175	65	105	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	86,245	41,855	44,390	1,310	645	660
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,295	39,925	42,370	1,255	625	625
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,823	42,781	30,145	46,165	53,675	39,509
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,315	39,930	42,385	1,250	625	625
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,499	38,134	27,851	39,552	45,275	34,816
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,165	37,245	37,915	1,185	605	580
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,879	41,919	29,164	44,928	52,544	39,296
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,145	25,495	32,650	775	315	465
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,940	1,433	3,871	4,053	6,672	3,064
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,040	31,515	30,525	1,105	560	545
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,013	46,874	34,845	44,224	52,032	40,000
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	86,255	41,860	44,395	1,310	660	650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,315	40,025	42,290	1,235	630	610
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,797	59,934	42,150	53,291	62,383	43,919
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,335	40,030	42,305	1,240	630	610
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,211	47,484	35,275	43,557	50,045	36,869
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,030	37,300	37,740	1,165	600	565
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,135	59,313	41,063	52,230	61,542	42,339
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,975	25,485	32,490	750	300	455
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,240	7,319	7,178	6,884	7,663	6,366
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,045	31,555	30,490	1,095	565	530
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,253	60,521	43,696	50,563	59,362	41,210
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	86,255	41,855	44,395	1,310	660	650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	32,110	17,975	14,130	630	350	285
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,789	65,920	53,057	63,059	68,816	55,565
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	73,017	81,032	62,822	63,846	70,127	56,117
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.1	92.5	86.8	91.8	93.3	89.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.6	80.5	73.7	83.9	84.3	83.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.9	7.5	13.2	8.3	6.9	10.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	86,245	41,855	44,390	1,305	645	660
Without total income	3,950	1,930	2,020	55	25	35
With total income	82,300	39,925	42,370	1,255	625	625
Percentage with total income	95.4	95.4	95.4	96.2	96.9	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,610	4,955	6,655	120	45	80
$10,000 to $19,999	13,545	5,250	8,295	135	50	85
$20,000 to $29,999	10,975	4,800	6,170	140	65	80
$30,000 to $39,999	8,405	3,955	4,450	140	70	75
$40,000 to $49,999	7,525	3,500	4,030	140	65	70
$50,000 to $59,999	6,280	3,045	3,235	115	60	55
$60,000 to $69,999	5,050	2,700	2,350	90	55	30
$70,000 to $79,999	4,080	2,330	1,745	105	65	40
$80,000 to $89,999	3,255	1,955	1,305	95	45	50
$90,000 to $99,999	3,110	1,650	1,460	70	30	40
$100,000 and over	8,475	5,790	2,685	100	75	20
$100,000 to $149,999	5,555	3,615	1,940	80	65	15
$150,000 and over	2,915	2,170	740	20	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	86,245	41,855	44,390	1,305	645	665
Without after-tax income	3,930	1,925	2,005	60	20	35
With after-tax income	82,315	39,930	42,385	1,250	625	630
Percentage with after-tax income	95.4	95.4	95.5	95.8	96.9	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,875	5,040	6,835	125	45	80
$10,000 to $19,999	14,160	5,540	8,620	150	55	95
$20,000 to $29,999	12,515	5,490	7,025	180	80	100
$30,000 to $39,999	10,145	4,780	5,360	180	95	90
$40,000 to $49,999	8,875	4,295	4,580	160	75	85
$50,000 to $59,999	6,905	3,685	3,220	130	80	45
$60,000 to $69,999	5,175	3,075	2,100	140	75	70
$70,000 to $79,999	4,300	2,415	1,880	95	50	50
$80,000 and over	8,370	5,600	2,765	85	75	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,765	1,585	1,180	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,590	1,095	500	25	25	5
$100,000 and over	4,015	2,920	1,090	35	30	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	86,245	41,855	44,390	1,310	645	660
Without employment income	24,210	10,340	13,870	205	90	115
With employment income	62,040	31,515	30,520	1,105	560	540
Percentage with employment income	71.9	75.3	68.8	84.4	86.8	81.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,360	3,020	3,340	120	45	70
$5,000 to $9,999	4,605	2,090	2,510	70	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	7,895	3,585	4,310	125	55	70
$20,000 to $29,999	6,195	2,735	3,465	90	40	50
$30,000 to $39,999	5,945	2,550	3,395	90	55	35
$40,000 to $49,999	5,710	2,530	3,180	105	45	60
$50,000 to $59,999	5,095	2,540	2,560	85	40	45
$60,000 to $69,999	4,110	2,245	1,870	75	45	30
$70,000 to $79,999	3,430	1,985	1,440	100	60	40
$80,000 and over	12,685	8,230	4,455	240	140	95
$80,000 to $89,999	2,935	1,785	1,155	90	40	50
$90,000 to $99,999	2,885	1,495	1,380	65	35	35
$100,000 and over	6,870	4,945	1,920	85	70	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	106,699	...	...	102,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	91,884	...	...	86,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,895	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,950	...	...	43,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,224	...	...	36,736	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	28,505	...	...	510	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,594	...	...	113,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,072	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	32,400	...	...	610	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	129,041	...	...	108,133	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	104,714	...	...	88,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,910	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,102	...	...	58,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,990	...	...	46,726	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	28,495	...	...	515	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	138,369	...	...	117,261	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,365	...	...	96,061	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	32,400	...	...	610	...	...
Under $5,000	190	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	120	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	205	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	385	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	765	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	685	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	855	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	975	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	985	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	955	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,855	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,845	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,765	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,785	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,710	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,320	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,065	...	...	100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,560	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,855	...	...	95	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,840	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
Under $5,000	235	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	125	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	215	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	410	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	845	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	725	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	950	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,145	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,120	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,165	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,310	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,230	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,235	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,105	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,090	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,495	...	...	240	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,795	...	...	115	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,605	...	...	70	...	...
$150,000 and over	6,100	...	...	50	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	28,395	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,353	...	...	113,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,951	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.5	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,680	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,503	...	...	91,904	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,033	...	...	77,056	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	17,710	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,140	...	...	136,576	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,923	...	...	111,424	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,265	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	75,742	...	...	47,744	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,343	...	...	45,184	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,390	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	137,432	...	...	116,195	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,537	...	...	95,232	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,740	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,469	...	...	99,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,853	...	...	81,633	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	17,585	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	159,286	...	...	140,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,833	...	...	113,778	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,360	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	92,421	...	...	50,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	78,571	...	...	46,429	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,145	2,175	2,970	130	75	55
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,444	43,861	31,472	41,472	42,880	36,480
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,018	38,443	29,328	34,432	35,968	31,040
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,145	2,190	2,955	140	70	75
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	54,405	62,174	48,634	57,310	64,440	50,652
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,075	49,189	40,277	45,916	51,204	40,977
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	104,575	51,275	53,300	1,630	815	815
In the bottom half of the distribution	36,135	17,160	18,970	495	230	265
In the bottom decile	4,270	2,105	2,165	60	30	30
In the second decile	6,440	2,890	3,550	85	35	50
In the third decile	7,800	3,700	4,100	95	35	55
In the fourth decile	8,345	3,990	4,350	110	60	50
In the fifth decile	9,285	4,480	4,805	150	75	75
In the top half of the distribution	68,440	34,115	34,325	1,135	585	550
In the sixth decile	10,350	5,040	5,305	170	80	90
In the seventh decile	11,995	5,930	6,060	220	105	110
In the eighth decile	13,635	6,810	6,825	305	165	145
In the ninth decile	16,110	8,070	8,040	300	150	150
In the top decile	16,355	8,260	8,095	140	85	55
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	104,575	51,275	53,300	1,630	815	820
0 to 17 years	22,630	11,590	11,040	400	200	200
0 to 5 years	5,760	2,940	2,825	115	60	55
18 to 64 years	65,115	31,560	33,560	1,140	570	570
65 years and over	16,825	8,125	8,700	90	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,125	3,365	3,760	100	40	60
0 to 17 years	2,075	1,090	985	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	510	280	225	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	3,960	1,870	2,090	55	20	35
65 years and over	1,090	405	680	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.8	6.6	7.1	6.1	4.9	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	9.2	9.4	8.9	8.8	7.5	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.9	9.5	8.0	4.3	8.3	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	5.9	6.2	4.8	3.5	6.1
65 years and over (%)	6.5	5.0	7.8	11.1	11.1	22.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,350	2,590	2,760	40	15	20
0 to 17 years	1,565	820	745	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	370	210	160	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,200	1,555	1,640	25	15	15
65 years and over	585	210	375	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	5.1	5.2	2.5	1.8	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	6.9	7.1	6.7	3.8	2.5	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	7.1	5.7	4.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.9	4.9	2.2	2.6	2.6
65 years and over (%)	3.5	2.6	4.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	104,580	51,275	53,300	1,635	815	820
Official languages	100,105	49,565	50,535	1,635	815	815
English	100,075	49,555	50,520	1,630	815	815
French	5,180	1,920	3,255	90	30	55
Non-official languages	66,655	31,590	35,065	20	15	0
Aboriginal languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	66,640	31,580	35,065	20	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,385	1,750	1,635	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	65	30	35	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,305	1,720	1,585	0	0	0
Amharic	40	25	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,955	1,025	935	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	1,070	525	540	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	450	260	190	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	140	70	75	0	0	0
Maltese	180	100	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	60	25	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,830	1,280	1,550	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	110	55	55	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,720	1,225	1,495	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,275	445	830	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	45	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	55	20	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,165	400	765	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	20	15	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	25	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	10	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,470	660	810	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tamil	1,260	560	705	0	0	0
Telugu	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	53,785	25,700	28,080	20	15	10
Albanian	440	215	230	0	0	0
Armenian	240	120	115	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,840	1,800	2,040	0	0	0
Baltic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,810	1,790	2,015	0	0	0
Belarusan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Bulgarian	170	65	100	0	0	0
Croatian	410	200	215	0	0	0
Czech	35	0	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	225	105	125	0	0	0
Polish	755	335	420	0	0	0
Russian	1,795	870	925	0	0	0
Serbian	225	110	115	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovak	65	25	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	115	70	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	320	140	175	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	495	245	250	10	0	10
Afrikaans	15	0	10	10	10	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	80	40	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	380	185	190	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,010	480	525	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	8,510	4,315	4,195	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	6,740	3,395	3,340	10	0	0
Bengali	140	70	70	0	0	0
Gujarati	805	355	450	0	0	0
Hindi	2,440	1,205	1,240	0	10	0
Kashmiri	15	10	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	25	0	20	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,070	2,090	1,980	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	10	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	70	45	30	0	0	0
Urdu	1,035	540	495	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,885	980	910	0	0	0
Kurdish	150	100	50	0	0	0
Pashto	15	15	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,735	875	860	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	39,805	18,780	21,025	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	33,385	15,730	17,655	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,335	1,130	1,205	0	0	0
Romanian	845	370	470	0	0	0
Spanish	4,440	2,080	2,360	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	70	15	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	585	270	315	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	390	170	220	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	200	95	105	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	70	20	50	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	20	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	15	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,070	1,440	1,635	0	0	0
Chinese languages	3,065	1,440	1,625	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,445	645	805	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,675	800	875	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	270	120	150	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	110	55	65	0	0	0
Lao	70	25	45	0	0	0
Thai	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	575	290	295	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	530	260	270	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	45	20	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	235	100	135	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	225	95	125	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	104,580	51,280	53,305	1,630	815	815
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	98,290	48,510	49,785	1,615	805	815
Canadian citizens aged under 18	22,015	11,310	10,700	395	190	210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	76,280	37,195	39,080	1,225	615	610
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,290	2,770	3,515	15	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	104,580	51,280	53,300	1,630	815	820
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	59,460	29,860	29,600	1,610	800	815
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	44,430	21,135	23,295	10	10	0
Before 1981	21,135	10,185	10,950	10	0	0
1981 to 1990	5,630	2,760	2,870	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	8,750	4,100	4,645	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	6,690	3,110	3,580	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,860	1,835	2,020	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,835	1,270	1,560	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,225	980	1,245	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	695	285	410	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	44,430	21,135	23,295	10	10	0
Under 5 years	4,170	1,935	2,230	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	8,210	3,790	4,420	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	14,715	6,920	7,795	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	14,470	7,295	7,175	0	0	0
45 years and over	2,860	1,190	1,665	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	44,430	21,140	23,295	10	10	10
Americas	4,775	2,205	2,570	0	0	0
Brazil	220	120	95	0	0	0
Colombia	305	140	165	0	0	0
El Salvador	275	130	140	0	0	0
Guyana	680	300	380	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	660	270	390	0	0	0
Mexico	130	55	70	0	0	0
Peru	150	65	90	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	240	135	105	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	385	165	220	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,735	820	910	0	0	0
Europe	23,365	11,205	12,160	0	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	115	65	45	0	0	0
Croatia	230	105	125	0	0	0
France	110	70	45	0	0	0
Germany	175	80	100	0	0	0
Greece	350	180	175	0	0	0
Hungary	90	35	55	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italy	17,005	8,190	8,810	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	10	15	0	0	0
Poland	500	210	295	0	0	0
Portugal	1,115	555	565	0	0	0
Romania	745	325	420	0	0	0
Russian Federation	550	240	310	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	405	200	205	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	495	275	220	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,310	600	710	0	0	0
Africa	1,050	460	590	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	180	100	75	0	0	0
Ethiopia	40	30	15	0	0	0
Kenya	65	25	40	0	0	0
Morocco	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	155	50	105	0	0	0
Somalia	65	15	50	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	30	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	430	180	250	0	0	0
Asia	15,160	7,235	7,920	0	0	0
Afghanistan	640	335	305	0	0	0
Bangladesh	65	35	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,215	550	670	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	160	85	75	0	0	0
India	3,640	1,755	1,885	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	625	315	310	0	0	0
Iraq	1,460	750	710	0	0	0
Japan	40	15	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	395	170	225	0	0	0
Lebanon	200	105	90	0	0	0
Pakistan	600	300	300	0	0	0
Philippines	1,200	465	735	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	950	460	495	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	135	60	70	0	0	0
Taiwan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Viet Nam	2,210	1,000	1,215	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,565	810	755	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	80	25	55	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,225	985	1,245	10	10	10
Americas	335	115	220	0	0	0
Brazil	50	25	25	0	0	0
Colombia	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	0	20	0	0	0
Mexico	20	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	30	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	125	30	95	0	0	0
Europe	350	160	195	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	50	10	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	0	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	65	40	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	155	80	75	0	0	0
Africa	55	35	20	10	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	20	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,485	675	810	0	0	0
Afghanistan	40	25	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	190	80	110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	315	165	150	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	105	50	55	0	0	0
Iraq	190	90	100	0	0	0
Israel	20	20	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	25	45	0	0	0
Philippines	205	55	145	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	10	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	60	25	30	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	0	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	95	40	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	30	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	104,580	51,280	53,305	1,630	815	820
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	45,425	21,595	23,830	30	15	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	40,285	20,170	20,115	20	10	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	18,870	9,515	9,355	1,585	795	795
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	23,980	11,315	12,665	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	9,455	4,690	4,760	0	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,805	2,490	1,315	0	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,645	2,200	3,450	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	9,070	3,660	5,410	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	5,155	2,810	2,350	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	300	150	145	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	104,580	51,280	53,300	1,635	815	815
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	240	130	110	360	190	170
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	220	120	100	330	165	165
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	120	60	60	295	150	140
Métis	85	55	35	30	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	15	0	30	20	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	104,340	51,150	53,195	1,270	625	645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	104,580	51,280	53,300	1,630	815	815
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	100	60	40	215	105	115
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	104,480	51,220	53,265	1,415	710	705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	104,580	51,275	53,300	1,630	815	815
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	45	35	0	50	40	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	45	35	10	55	35	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	40	30	0	55	35	15
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	295	155	150	350	175	170
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	290	150	145	350	180	170
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	205	100	100	325	170	155
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	40	25	10	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	104,240	51,090	53,145	1,230	605	630
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	104,580	51,280	53,305	1,630	815	820
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	30,255	14,765	15,490	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	9,820	4,930	4,890	10	10	0
Chinese	3,200	1,540	1,660	0	0	0
Black	2,630	1,285	1,345	0	0	0
Filipino	1,740	710	1,030	0	0	0
Latin American	2,940	1,415	1,525	0	0	0
Arab	1,735	915	820	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	3,070	1,420	1,650	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	2,160	1,110	1,045	0	0	0
Korean	785	360	425	0	0	0
Japanese	75	25	50	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	880	420	455	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,220	635	590	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	74,330	36,515	37,815	1,625	810	815
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	104,580	51,280	53,300	1,635	815	815
North American Aboriginal origins	340	190	155	400	210	190
First Nations (North American Indian)	250	130	120	375	205	175
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	95	55	40	20	10	15
Other North American origins	7,020	3,550	3,475	975	475	495
Acadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
American	280	145	135	0	0	0
Canadian	6,820	3,455	3,365	970	470	500
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	10	10	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	72,765	35,700	37,065	885	425	455
British Isles origins	6,235	3,200	3,035	850	420	430
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,655	1,855	1,800	690	360	325
Irish	2,435	1,170	1,265	200	85	115
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,170	1,160	1,015	65	15	50
Welsh	165	90	70	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	460	225	240	30	10	20
French origins	1,500	675	820	135	60	75
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,500	680	820	135	60	75
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,430	1,180	1,255	25	0	25
Austrian	285	140	145	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dutch	445	235	215	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	1,690	835	850	25	0	25
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	145	45	95	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	220	110	105	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Swedish	75	40	35	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,920	2,800	3,120	25	0	25
Bulgarian	210	95	120	0	0	0
Byelorussian	175	105	75	0	0	0
Czech	180	75	110	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	0	25	0	0	0
Estonian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	510	250	255	0	0	0
Latvian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Polish	1,850	865	985	25	0	25
Romanian	980	470	515	0	0	0
Russian	1,600	820	780	0	0	0
Slovak	120	50	65	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,215	590	625	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	63,260	31,015	32,250	0	0	10
Albanian	520	270	250	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	15	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	860	445	415	0	0	0
Cypriot	135	65	65	0	0	0
Greek	2,145	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Italian	55,960	27,475	28,480	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	350	180	165	0	0	0
Maltese	615	320	295	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,715	1,715	1,995	10	0	10
Serbian	260	115	140	0	0	0
Sicilian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	370	200	165	0	0	0
Spanish	1,900	880	1,020	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	90	45	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	375	205	170	0	0	10
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	260	155	110	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	90	45	45	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	2,020	975	1,045	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	125	45	80	0	0	0
Dominican	180	95	90	0	0	0
Grenadian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,160	565	600	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	185	115	65	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	270	100	165	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	100	50	45	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,755	1,790	1,960	0	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	255	130	120	0	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	240	115	120	0	0	0
Chilean	190	80	110	0	0	0
Colombian	465	245	220	0	0	0
Costa Rican	80	35	45	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	795	365	430	0	0	0
Guatemalan	105	35	70	0	0	0
Guyanese	490	210	280	0	0	0
Hispanic	55	25	30	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	325	185	140	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	165	90	80	0	0	0
Salvadorean	350	160	195	0	0	0
Uruguayan	70	15	50	0	0	0
Venezuelan	95	35	55	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	185	100	85	0	0	0
African origins	1,975	1,015	955	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	615	260	355	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	340	160	180	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	80	35	50	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	150	45	105	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	480	270	215	0	0	0
Algerian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber	40	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	30	15	20	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	320	180	145	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	75	35	40	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	460	265	195	10	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrean	85	50	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	130	80	55	0	0	0
South African	55	30	25	10	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	430	225	205	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	375	200	170	0	0	0
Asian origins	25,795	12,620	13,175	15	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	6,270	3,195	3,075	10	0	0
Afghan	1,000	505	495	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	320	150	170	0	0	0
Armenian	335	175	160	0	0	0
Assyrian	790	390	405	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	80	45	35	0	0	0
Georgian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	920	475	445	0	0	0
Iraqi	1,325	725	600	0	0	0
Israeli	95	50	50	0	0	0
Jordanian	105	35	70	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	150	90	65	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	430	255	175	10	0	0
Palestinian	125	55	70	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Syrian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	65	25	40	0	0	0
Turk	590	285	300	0	0	0
Turkmen	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	40	10	30	0	0	0
Yemeni	35	15	20	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	295	135	170	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10,085	5,070	5,020	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	35	25	15	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	7,280	3,705	3,575	10	0	10
Goan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	10	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	625	325	300	0	0	0
Punjabi	805	405	395	0	0	0
Sinhalese	60	30	25	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	1,040	470	570	0	0	0
Tamil	370	170	205	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	475	235	235	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	9,610	4,480	5,130	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	285	155	130	0	0	0
Chinese	4,335	2,125	2,210	0	0	0
Filipino	1,815	760	1,060	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	105	30	75	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	810	365	450	0	0	0
Laotian	90	55	40	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Thai	35	25	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	3,070	1,430	1,640	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	70	25	45	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	70	25	45	0	0	0
Oceania origins	100	50	50	0	0	0
Australian	20	20	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	50	20	30	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	20	20	0	0	0
Fijian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
Owner	29,785	...	...	515	...	...
Renter	2,620	...	...	95	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
Condominium	3,045	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	29,360	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,415	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,965	...	...	85	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,010	...	...	270	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	18,970	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,330	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	3,390	...	...	105	...	...
6 rooms	4,580	...	...	75	...	...
7 rooms	4,820	...	...	95	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,285	...	...	285	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
One person or fewer per room	31,810	...	...	610	...	...
More than 1 person per room	590	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	32,400	...	...	610	...	...
Suitable	30,745	...	...	610	...	...
Not suitable	1,660	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
1960 or before	520	...	...	20	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,820	...	...	50	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,785	...	...	75	...	...
1991 to 2000	8,705	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	6,975	...	...	115	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,730	...	...	135	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,865	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	31,605	...	...	610	...	...
Major repairs needed	800	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,225	...	...	260	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,780	...	...	345	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,405	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	32,405	...	...	610	...	...
15 to 24 years	70	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,945	...	...	115	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,910	...	...	135	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,875	...	...	155	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,410	...	...	120	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,065	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,265	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	860	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	32,380	...	...	610	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,870	...	...	520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,515	...	...	90	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,700	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,780	...	...	515	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.2	...	...	75.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	21.1	...	...	11.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,510	...	...	1,544	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,724	...	...	1,447	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	801,251	...	...	323,859	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	865,653	...	...	313,568	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,625	...	...	95	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.6	...	...	25.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,454	...	...	1,001	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,454	...	...	1,085	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	86,255	41,860	44,400	1,310	655	650
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,550	9,590	10,955	175	80	95
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	22,840	11,115	11,735	235	120	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,860	21,150	21,705	900	460	440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,375	3,935	1,445	160	130	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,530	1,690	840	65	35	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,840	2,245	600	95	95	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,900	7,025	7,875	360	180	185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,075	965	1,110	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,505	9,235	11,270	330	135	195
Bachelor's degree	14,795	6,535	8,260	220	70	145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,755	720	1,035	20	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	425	220	200	10	10	0
Master's degree	3,170	1,555	1,610	65	30	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	365	200	165	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55,245	26,515	28,730	975	480	495
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,210	3,085	3,125	60	30	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,850	6,610	7,240	135	70	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,185	16,820	18,370	775	375	400
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,485	2,500	985	120	90	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,625	1,045	580	40	15	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,860	1,460	400	75	75	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,505	5,740	6,765	315	150	165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,670	800	875	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,525	7,780	9,745	295	115	175
Bachelor's degree	12,445	5,435	7,005	190	60	130
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,545	620	925	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	370	190	180	10	0	0
Master's degree	2,855	1,375	1,475	65	30	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	320	165	150	15	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	86,255	41,860	44,395	1,310	660	650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	43,395	20,705	22,690	410	195	210
Education	2,955	565	2,390	60	15	40
13. Education	2,950	560	2,390	55	15	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,530	680	845	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	215	155	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,310	525	780	0	10	0
Humanities	2,495	750	1,745	10	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	490	110	380	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	525	105	420	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	790	265	520	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	40	80	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	35	30	0	0	0
54. History	350	175	175	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	160	15	145	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,105	1,845	4,260	60	35	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	10	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	415	120	290	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,015	80	935	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	1,375	355	1,015	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	0	10	0
42. Psychology	810	170	640	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	2,405	1,100	1,310	25	10	10
Business, management and public administration	10,670	4,805	5,865	200	70	135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	425	95	330	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,235	4,710	5,525	180	65	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,800	790	1,010	25	10	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	615	210	405	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	575	290	290	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	520	265	245	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	20	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,820	1,190	630	25	10	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,465	1,000	465	20	10	10
25. Library science	30	10	20	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	280	145	135	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	40	35	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,225	8,415	805	250	235	10
04. Architecture and related services	510	415	90	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,800	2,250	550	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,610	1,510	105	50	45	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,230	2,210	20	100	100	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,395	1,380	15	70	65	0
48. Precision production	685	670	15	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	280	185	100	35	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205	140	65	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	40	35	35	25	0
Health and related fields	3,430	820	2,610	185	15	165
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	420	230	190	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,870	515	2,355	175	15	155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	140	75	60	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,560	1,110	1,455	45	35	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,940	610	1,330	10	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	405	310	90	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	180	30	20	20	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55,245	26,515	28,730	975	480	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,060	9,695	10,360	195	105	90
Education	2,490	450	2,040	50	15	35
13. Education	2,490	450	2,040	55	15	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,245	550	690	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	165	120	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,080	430	645	0	0	0
Humanities	2,070	585	1,485	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	425	80	340	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	405	75	330	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	665	220	445	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	35	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	30	25	0	0	0
54. History	275	130	145	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	145	10	140	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,010	1,495	3,520	50	25	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	0	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	325	100	220	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	725	35	690	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	1,235	295	940	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	10	10	0	0
42. Psychology	670	135	535	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,990	915	1,075	20	10	15
Business, management and public administration	9,300	4,060	5,240	190	65	125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	330	55	275	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,960	4,005	4,955	170	60	105
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,390	585	800	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	480	160	315	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	410	200	210	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	435	215	220	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	10	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,685	1,075	610	25	10	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,380	925	460	20	10	10
25. Library science	25	10	20	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	240	105	135	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	40	35	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,170	6,480	690	190	180	10
04. Architecture and related services	430	355	80	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,430	1,935	500	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,300	1,215	85	50	50	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,595	1,580	15	70	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,010	1,010	0	45	45	0
48. Precision production	390	385	10	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	145	85	35	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	110	60	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	30	25	30	25	0
Health and related fields	2,760	635	2,125	165	15	150
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	285	165	120	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,355	405	1,945	160	10	150
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	70	55	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,835	765	1,075	40	35	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,370	390	980	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	290	230	65	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	145	30	20	20	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	86,255	41,855	44,395	1,310	655	650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	43,395	20,705	22,690	410	195	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	42,860	21,150	21,710	900	460	440
Location of study inside Canada	34,430	17,020	17,410	895	455	440
Same as province or territory of residence	33,610	16,570	17,040	725	365	360
Different than province or territory of residence	820	450	370	170	90	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,430	4,130	4,295	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	785	385	400	0	0	0
Philippines	620	205	410	0	0	0
India	1,125	530	595	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	325	185	140	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	610	275	335	0	0	0
France	20	10	0	0	0	0
Other	4,945	2,530	2,410	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55,245	26,515	28,730	975	480	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,060	9,695	10,365	200	105	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	35,190	16,820	18,370	780	375	400
Location of study inside Canada	28,490	13,720	14,770	775	375	405
Same as province or territory of residence	27,770	13,320	14,445	615	285	330
Different than province or territory of residence	725	400	320	165	90	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,695	3,100	3,600	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	675	305	375	0	0	0
Philippines	545	185	355	0	0	0
India	945	415	530	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	230	125	100	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	545	250	300	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other	3,745	1,810	1,930	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	86,255	41,860	44,395	1,305	660	650
In the labour force	57,640	29,800	27,835	990	525	470
Employed	54,590	28,245	26,345	930	480	445
Unemployed	3,050	1,560	1,490	65	45	20
Not in the labour force	28,615	12,055	16,560	320	135	180
Participation rate	66.8	71.2	62.7	75.9	79.5	72.3
Employment rate	63.3	67.5	59.3	71.3	72.7	68.5
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.2	5.4	6.6	8.6	4.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	86,255	41,855	44,395	1,305	660	650
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,510	11,405	16,105	235	105	130
Worked	58,745	30,455	28,290	1,075	555	520
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	33,155	18,710	14,445	630	350	285
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25,590	11,745	13,845	445	205	240
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.9	44.6	43.2	42.8	43.0	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	57,640	29,800	27,835	995	520	470
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	965	430	530	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	56,675	29,370	27,305	990	520	470
Employee	49,545	24,160	25,385	940	485	450
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,130	5,210	1,925	55	40	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	57,635	29,800	27,840	995	525	470
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	965	430	530	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	56,675	29,370	27,310	990	525	470
0 Management occupations	7,660	4,800	2,860	125	105	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,790	3,120	7,665	115	20	90
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,910	3,015	895	40	30	0
3 Health occupations	1,950	425	1,525	170	25	150
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,390	1,515	4,875	140	45	90
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,395	665	730	15	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	13,640	6,260	7,375	210	115	95
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,080	7,750	335	155	150	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	375	350	25	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,490	1,470	1,025	20	20	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	57,640	29,805	27,840	995	520	470
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	960	435	530	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	56,675	29,370	27,310	990	525	470
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	70	40	30	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	60	30	20	20	0
22 Utilities	240	180	65	10	0	0
23 Construction	6,620	5,480	1,140	100	95	10
31-33 Manufacturing	6,410	4,065	2,345	40	35	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,985	1,775	1,210	30	30	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,280	3,435	3,840	140	85	55
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,660	1,910	745	25	15	15
51 Information and cultural industries	1,220	655	565	30	25	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,825	1,550	2,270	45	20	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,485	885	595	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,575	2,530	2,050	45	20	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	150	65	85	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,070	1,060	1,010	15	0	10
61 Educational services	5,185	1,240	3,940	80	40	40
62 Health care and social assistance	3,530	555	2,980	250	45	210
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	925	460	465	25	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,800	1,265	1,530	25	0	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,575	1,220	1,355	25	10	10
91 Public administration	1,990	930	1,060	80	35	40
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	54,590	28,245	26,350	930	485	445
Worked at home	2,945	1,515	1,425	35	10	25
Worked outside Canada	240	165	80	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,875	5,305	1,570	70	55	15
Worked at usual place	44,535	21,265	23,275	820	415	410
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	44,535	21,260	23,275	820	415	410
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,865	8,385	10,480	25	15	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,565	1,190	1,370	740	345	395
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	23,065	11,665	11,405	25	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	35	25	15	30	30	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,410	26,570	24,840	895	470	425
Car, truck, van - as a driver	42,600	23,210	19,390	790	410	375
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,485	1,280	2,205	60	20	35
Public transit	4,165	1,590	2,570	10	10	0
Walked	645	235	415	10	0	0
Bicycle	80	65	20	0	0	0
Other method	440	190	250	35	25	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,410	26,565	24,845	890	470	425
Less than 15 minutes	8,965	3,780	5,185	630	325	310
15 to 29 minutes	16,905	8,965	7,935	190	90	100
30 to 44 minutes	12,960	7,055	5,910	50	45	10
45 to 59 minutes	5,655	3,130	2,520	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	6,925	3,635	3,290	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,410	26,565	24,845	895	470	425
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,215	2,655	560	45	35	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,415	5,765	2,650	70	70	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,640	6,990	7,655	300	120	175
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,505	4,705	6,790	300	155	145
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,785	2,875	3,915	70	35	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,860	3,580	3,280	110	55	55
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	60,685	31,285	29,405	1,095	565	525
Single responses	59,500	30,830	28,670	1,095	565	525
Official languages	58,865	30,510	28,350	1,095	565	530
English	58,735	30,490	28,245	1,090	565	530
French	125	25	105	10	0	0
Non-official languages	640	325	315	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	635	320	315	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	40	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	40	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	405	220	180	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	15	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	30	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	260	135	125	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	35	20	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,185	450	735	0	0	0
English and French	205	45	165	0	0	0
English and non-official language	960	405	555	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	60,685	31,285	29,400	1,095	565	525
None	56,160	28,890	27,270	1,090	565	520
English	420	185	235	0	0	0
French	505	215	285	10	0	0
Non-official language	3,530	1,960	1,565	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,525	1,955	1,565	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	35	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	103,815	50,915	52,900	1,620	815	805
Non-movers	96,875	47,515	49,355	1,330	670	655
Movers	6,940	3,395	3,540	290	140	150
Non-migrants	3,745	1,805	1,935	140	60	85
Migrants	3,200	1,590	1,605	150	85	70
Internal migrants	2,595	1,310	1,280	145	75	65
Intraprovincial migrants	2,405	1,220	1,185	135	65	65
Interprovincial migrants	190	95	100	15	15	0
External migrants	600	280	325	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	99,995	48,980	51,015	1,530	780	755
Non-movers	77,345	37,935	39,410	915	480	440
Movers	22,650	11,040	11,605	615	300	315
Non-migrants	13,100	6,380	6,725	250	105	135
Migrants	9,545	4,670	4,875	370	195	175
Internal migrants	7,380	3,710	3,675	360	185	175
Intraprovincial migrants	7,070	3,550	3,515	230	120	105
Interprovincial migrants	315	160	155	135	65	65
External migrants	2,160	955	1,205	10	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador