Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waterloo [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Clark's Harbour, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Waterloo Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Clark's Harbour, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Waterloo [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Waterloo [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Clark's Harbour, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	110,134	...	...	758	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	103,192	...	...	820	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.7	...	...	-7.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	47,994	...	...	407	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,200	...	...	361	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,516.6	...	...	269.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	72.62	...	...	2.81	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	110,135	55,105	55,030	760	385	375
0 to 14 years	17,495	8,960	8,535	105	55	55
0 to 4 years	5,055	2,610	2,445	35	15	20
5 to 9 years	5,970	3,080	2,885	50	35	15
10 to 14 years	6,475	3,270	3,205	30	10	15
15 to 64 years	76,950	38,875	38,080	500	270	235
15 to 19 years	7,775	4,065	3,710	30	20	15
20 to 24 years	12,015	6,450	5,565	40	25	15
25 to 29 years	7,915	4,335	3,580	35	20	15
30 to 34 years	6,490	3,275	3,215	40	20	15
35 to 39 years	6,325	3,145	3,180	45	25	20
40 to 44 years	7,025	3,375	3,650	45	25	25
45 to 49 years	7,855	3,730	4,125	55	30	30
50 to 54 years	8,270	4,040	4,230	75	40	35
55 to 59 years	7,350	3,650	3,700	75	30	40
60 to 64 years	5,945	2,825	3,120	65	35	25
65 years and over	15,685	7,270	8,410	150	60	85
65 to 69 years	5,105	2,450	2,655	45	15	25
70 to 74 years	3,595	1,685	1,905	20	10	15
75 to 79 years	2,635	1,200	1,440	25	15	15
80 to 84 years	2,025	915	1,110	35	10	25
85 years and over	2,325	1,015	1,305	20	10	10
85 to 89 years	1,455	590	865	15	10	10
90 to 94 years	790	405	390	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	65	25	45	0	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	16.3	15.5	13.8	14.3	14.7
15 to 64 years	69.9	70.5	69.2	65.8	70.1	62.7
65 years and over	14.2	13.2	15.3	19.7	15.6	22.7
85 years and over	2.1	1.8	2.4	2.6	2.6	2.7
Average age of the population	39.0	38.0	39.9	45.0	43.3	46.7
Median age of the population	37.7	35.8	39.6	48.1	47.2	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,200	...	...	360	...	...
Single-detached house	23,495	...	...	320	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5,945	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,625	...	...	35	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,120	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	5,025	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	990	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,475	...	...	20	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	130	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,200	...	...	360	...	...
1 person	10,235	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	13,955	...	...	155	...	...
3 persons	6,970	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	7,320	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	3,725	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	108,510	...	...	755	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	92,640	46,145	46,495	650	330	325
Married or living common law	52,180	26,075	26,105	385	195	195
Married	45,835	22,910	22,920	300	150	150
Living common law	6,340	3,165	3,180	85	45	45
Not married and not living common law	40,460	20,070	20,390	265	130	135
Never married	29,665	16,520	13,145	145	90	55
Separated	2,250	975	1,270	25	10	10
Divorced	4,185	1,505	2,685	50	20	30
Widowed	4,355	1,060	3,290	50	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,630	...	...	235	...	...
2 persons	13,645	...	...	160	...	...
3 persons	6,440	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	6,950	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	2,600	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,630	...	...	235	...	...
Total couple families	25,555	...	...	195	...	...
Married couples	22,385	...	...	150	...	...
Common-law couples	3,170	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,075	...	...	40	...	...
Female parent	3,225	...	...	40	...	...
Male parent	850	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	25,555	...	...	195	...	...
Couples without children	11,285	...	...	130	...	...
Couples with children	14,270	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	5,140	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	6,615	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	2,515	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,075	...	...	45	...	...
1 child	2,360	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	1,300	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	420	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	20,335	10,475	9,860	155	85	75
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,200	...	...	360	...	...
One-census-family households	28,235	...	...	225	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,655	...	...	125	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	17,575	...	...	95	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	690	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,275	...	...	130	...	...
One-person households	10,235	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,040	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	108,925	54,495	54,430	755	380	375
English only	97,170	49,430	47,745	735	375	360
French only	45	15	25	0	0	0
English and French	9,990	4,325	5,670	25	10	15
Neither English nor French	1,715	725	990	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	108,920	54,490	54,430	760	385	375
English	105,355	52,900	52,455	755	385	370
French	1,160	535	620	5	0	5
English and French	745	355	390	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,670	705	960	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,525	715	815	5	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.5	0.7	0.0	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	108,920	54,495	54,430	755	380	375
Single responses	106,725	53,400	53,320	760	385	375
Official languages	77,015	38,580	38,435	755	385	375
English	75,870	38,050	37,825	750	380	370
French	1,140	535	605	5	0	0
Non-official languages	29,705	14,820	14,890	0	5	5
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	29,700	14,820	14,885	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,275	1,205	1,070	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	5	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	175	85	85	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	165	80	85	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,080	1,105	975	0	0	0
Amharic	80	35	45	0	0	0
Arabic	1,860	995	865	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	50	25	25	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	40	20	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	490	250	240	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	475	245	235	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	410	140	265	0	0	0
Bikol	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	65	25	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	100	200	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	555	305	250	0	0	0
Kannada	45	20	20	0	0	0
Malayalam	130	70	55	0	0	0
Tamil	265	150	120	0	0	0
Telugu	115	65	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	70	25	40	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15,360	7,650	7,705	0	0	0
Albanian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Armenian	180	90	90	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,705	1,790	1,915	0	0	0
Baltic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,670	1,770	1,895	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Croatian	280	145	135	0	0	0
Czech	145	70	80	0	0	0
Macedonian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Polish	1,100	525	575	0	0	0
Russian	745	355	390	0	0	0
Serbian	755	375	375	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Slovak	125	60	65	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	180	75	105	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,965	1,410	1,555	0	0	0
Afrikaans	35	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	55	30	25	0	0	0
Dutch	350	160	185	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	5	0	0	0
German	2,455	1,170	1,290	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	365	170	195	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,890	2,595	2,295	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,410	1,795	1,615	0	0	0
Bengali	375	205	170	0	0	0
Gujarati	400	205	195	0	0	0
Hindi	580	335	250	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	20	15	0	0	0	0
Marathi	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nepali	60	35	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	825	405	415	0	0	0
Sindhi	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Urdu	865	455	415	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,435	785	655	0	0	0
Kurdish	95	55	40	0	0	0
Pashto	140	70	70	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,205	655	545	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,160	1,550	1,615	0	0	0
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	340	170	170	0	0	0
Portuguese	580	300	280	0	0	0
Romanian	880	425	460	0	0	0
Spanish	1,350	650	700	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	155	65	90	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,120	555	565	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	80	70	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	35	20	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,185	4,065	4,110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	8,175	4,065	4,110	0	0	0
Cantonese	990	515	480	0	0	0
Hakka	15	5	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	6,675	3,280	3,395	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	95	50	50	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	335	185	145	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	150	60	90	0	0	0
Lao	110	45	60	0	0	0
Thai	40	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	305	165	145	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	40	25	15	0	0	0
Turkish	255	135	120	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	375	185	185	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	310	150	160	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,195	1,095	1,105	0	0	0
English and French	245	140	105	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,830	895	935	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	30	30	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	108,925	54,495	54,425	755	385	375
Single responses	103,775	51,960	51,815	760	385	375
Official languages	88,075	44,200	43,875	755	385	370
English	87,710	44,030	43,685	755	385	375
French	360	165	195	5	0	0
Non-official languages	15,695	7,760	7,935	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,695	7,765	7,935	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,340	680	655	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	90	40	50	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,240	640	600	0	0	0
Amharic	55	30	25	0	0	0
Arabic	1,115	570	540	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	20	20	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	270	130	140	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	265	125	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	65	100	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	55	80	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	235	125	110	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	35	25	0	0	0
Tamil	100	55	45	0	0	0
Telugu	50	25	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,640	3,285	3,355	0	0	0
Albanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	120	60	65	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,690	825	865	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,685	820	860	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Croatian	115	55	55	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	445	220	225	0	0	0
Russian	430	210	220	0	0	0
Serbian	440	215	230	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Slovak	40	15	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	410	185	225	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	375	170	205	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	45	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,875	1,470	1,410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,855	930	925	0	0	0
Bengali	215	115	105	0	0	0
Gujarati	225	105	115	0	0	0
Hindi	240	125	115	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	35	20	20	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	530	260	270	0	0	0
Sindhi	30	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Urdu	470	240	225	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,005	530	470	0	0	0
Kurdish	55	25	20	0	0	0
Pashto	90	45	45	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	860	455	400	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,420	690	730	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	130	115	0	0	0
Romanian	400	200	200	0	0	0
Spanish	725	340	385	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	45	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	790	370	420	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,745	2,860	2,885	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5,740	2,860	2,880	0	0	0
Cantonese	525	265	265	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,925	2,440	2,485	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	225	125	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	75	25	45	0	0	0
Lao	55	20	35	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	130	70	65	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Turkish	115	65	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,150	2,535	2,615	0	0	0
English and French	125	65	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	4,935	2,425	2,510	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	85	40	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	108,920	54,495	54,425	755	380	375
None	91,465	45,880	45,585	745	380	370
English	7,515	3,765	3,745	0	0	0
French	1,130	465	670	10	0	5
Non-official language	8,415	4,180	4,245	0	0	0
Aboriginal	15	5	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,400	4,175	4,230	0	0	0
English and French	55	20	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	210	115	95	0	0	0
French and non-official language	125	60	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	91,060	45,365	45,695	650	325	325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,040	43,500	43,535	630	315	310
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,984	43,280	30,162	28,576	42,112	20,885
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,050	43,505	43,545	630	315	315
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,666	38,685	27,768	26,048	36,992	20,032
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	79,785	40,525	39,255	520	280	240
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,835	43,917	28,583	24,533	38,400	15,904
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,800	28,055	32,740	525	265	255
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,548	628	2,842	10,805	11,000	9,696
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,545	35,010	31,535	450	255	195
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,591	42,574	29,577	26,720	40,896	18,112
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	91,025	45,355	45,670	670	350	320
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,220	43,585	43,635	645	335	305
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,602	63,351	41,866	37,574	45,634	28,697
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,240	43,590	43,650	640	335	310
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,557	49,966	35,158	31,293	36,457	25,605
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,735	40,540	39,195	510	285	225
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,116	64,592	41,248	36,375	44,998	25,741
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,885	28,115	32,775	540	280	255
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,791	5,065	6,414	10,385	9,625	11,211
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,475	35,110	31,365	470	270	200
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,553	61,452	40,471	36,738	44,204	26,769
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	91,025	45,355	45,670	670	350	320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	31,965	18,205	13,765	160	95	65
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	63,077	70,351	55,345	35,446	41,523	35,431
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	78,577	89,892	63,610	43,184	42,972	43,502
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.3	94.9	88.6	77.1	82.2	64.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.8	78.1	69.9	71.3	76.4	57.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.7	5.1	11.4	22.6	16.7	35.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	91,060	45,365	45,700	650	330	325
Without total income	4,020	1,860	2,165	25	10	10
With total income	87,040	43,500	43,540	625	315	310
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.9	95.3	96.2	95.5	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,230	6,825	8,400	85	25	60
$10,000 to $19,999	12,920	5,465	7,455	120	35	85
$20,000 to $29,999	10,205	4,365	5,840	125	40	80
$30,000 to $39,999	8,435	3,870	4,565	95	45	45
$40,000 to $49,999	7,375	3,530	3,845	55	35	15
$50,000 to $59,999	6,325	3,100	3,220	30	30	10
$60,000 to $69,999	5,075	2,725	2,350	25	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,270	2,355	1,910	25	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,465	1,985	1,480	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	3,475	1,950	1,525	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	10,265	7,320	2,950	30	30	0
$100,000 to $149,999	6,355	4,345	2,010	25	20	0
$150,000 and over	3,910	2,975	945	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	91,060	45,360	45,700	650	330	325
Without after-tax income	4,010	1,855	2,155	20	10	10
With after-tax income	87,050	43,505	43,545	630	315	315
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	95.9	95.3	96.9	95.5	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,615	6,950	8,665	90	30	60
$10,000 to $19,999	13,425	5,675	7,750	130	40	95
$20,000 to $29,999	11,730	5,090	6,635	145	55	95
$30,000 to $39,999	10,015	4,680	5,340	90	55	35
$40,000 to $49,999	8,830	4,320	4,510	60	45	15
$50,000 to $59,999	6,805	3,635	3,170	35	30	10
$60,000 to $69,999	5,415	3,080	2,330	35	30	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,785	2,725	2,065	15	10	0
$80,000 and over	10,435	7,350	3,080	30	25	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,985	1,925	1,055	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,950	1,335	615	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	5,505	4,095	1,410	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	91,060	45,360	45,700	650	325	320
Without employment income	24,515	10,355	14,165	200	70	125
With employment income	66,545	35,005	31,540	455	255	195
Percentage with employment income	73.1	77.2	69.0	70.0	78.5	60.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,475	4,625	4,850	45	20	30
$5,000 to $9,999	5,875	2,705	3,165	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	8,620	4,070	4,550	75	25	50
$20,000 to $29,999	6,165	2,830	3,330	90	40	45
$30,000 to $39,999	5,575	2,595	2,980	50	30	15
$40,000 to $49,999	5,245	2,505	2,745	45	40	10
$50,000 to $59,999	4,630	2,365	2,260	30	20	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,765	2,045	1,725	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,240	1,815	1,425	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	13,955	9,450	4,505	45	35	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,800	1,635	1,155	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,955	1,675	1,280	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	8,205	6,135	2,065	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,200	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,817	...	...	53,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,848	...	...	47,061	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,235	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,190	...	...	23,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,659	...	...	23,136	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,965	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,706	...	...	73,216	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,361	...	...	62,848	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,185	...	...	360	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	108,762	...	...	66,895	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,015	...	...	55,713	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,240	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,466	...	...	40,369	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,206	...	...	33,017	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,945	...	...	245	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,847	...	...	78,790	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,738	...	...	65,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,200	...	...	360	...	...
Under $5,000	1,245	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	570	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	890	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,130	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,385	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,330	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,395	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,400	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,490	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,365	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,810	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,615	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,505	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,435	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,325	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	17,310	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,650	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,570	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,475	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,610	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,200	...	...	360	...	...
Under $5,000	1,300	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	580	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	915	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,185	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,540	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,480	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,610	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,705	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,685	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,750	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,305	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,180	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,090	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,840	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,430	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,610	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,825	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,250	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,535	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	29,395	...	...	235	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,195	...	...	72,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,421	...	...	62,208	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,470	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	92,497	...	...	68,949	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,563	...	...	59,392	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	14,340	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,715	...	...	94,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,708	...	...	80,640	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,830	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,925	...	...	38,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,470	...	...	37,504	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	29,345	...	...	245	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	131,084	...	...	76,195	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,380	...	...	63,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,470	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	115,523	...	...	80,660	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,053	...	...	65,112	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	14,390	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	159,419	...	...	90,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,003	...	...	76,111	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,840	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,548	...	...	54,715	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,536	...	...	49,562	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,395	9,655	8,740	140	80	65
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,539	26,126	26,812	24,064	36,736	19,904
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,194	24,864	25,489	23,232	31,296	19,520
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,535	9,600	8,930	160	90	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,992	41,340	38,542	34,245	43,333	21,964
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,470	34,254	32,627	28,794	34,647	20,884
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	108,505	54,285	54,220	755	380	375
In the bottom half of the distribution	44,560	22,075	22,480	495	230	260
In the bottom decile	12,475	6,455	6,020	80	30	45
In the second decile	7,860	3,740	4,115	150	60	90
In the third decile	7,565	3,590	3,975	70	30	35
In the fourth decile	7,885	3,875	4,015	95	50	40
In the fifth decile	8,775	4,415	4,365	100	55	40
In the top half of the distribution	63,950	32,210	31,740	270	150	120
In the sixth decile	9,885	4,925	4,955	80	40	40
In the seventh decile	10,815	5,475	5,345	55	30	25
In the eighth decile	12,040	6,085	5,955	50	25	25
In the ninth decile	14,550	7,305	7,245	55	30	25
In the top decile	16,660	8,420	8,240	30	20	15
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	108,510	54,285	54,220	755	385	375
0 to 17 years	21,445	11,045	10,400	130	70	60
0 to 5 years	6,165	3,190	2,975	40	15	25
18 to 64 years	72,785	36,650	36,140	480	255	230
65 years and over	14,270	6,595	7,685	150	60	90
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,565	7,135	7,430	165	70	105
0 to 17 years	2,895	1,530	1,365	40	20	20
0 to 5 years	950	515	435	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	10,480	5,160	5,325	70	30	40
65 years and over	1,195	445	745	55	20	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.4	13.1	13.7	21.9	18.2	28.0
0 to 17 years (%)	13.5	13.9	13.1	30.8	28.6	33.3
0 to 5 years (%)	15.4	16.1	14.6	37.5	33.3	40.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.4	14.1	14.7	14.6	11.8	17.4
65 years and over (%)	8.4	6.7	9.7	36.7	33.3	38.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,140	5,830	5,315	45	20	25
0 to 17 years	1,700	915	785	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	520	290	225	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	9,095	4,770	4,330	25	15	15
65 years and over	345	150	200	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.3	10.7	9.8	6.0	5.2	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9	8.3	7.5	11.5	7.1	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	9.1	7.6	12.5	0.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	13.0	12.0	5.2	5.9	6.5
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.3	2.6	3.3	0.0	5.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	108,515	54,310	54,200	760	400	360
Official languages	106,815	53,585	53,225	755	400	360
English	106,795	53,585	53,215	755	400	360
French	10,000	4,460	5,535	35	10	20
Non-official languages	35,290	17,555	17,735	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	0	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	0	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	10	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35,260	17,550	17,710	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,895	1,545	1,350	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	190	110	80	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	185	105	80	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,705	1,440	1,270	0	0	0
Amharic	130	55	70	0	0	0
Arabic	2,415	1,290	1,125	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	110	50	55	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	65	30	35	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	535	265	280	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	515	255	255	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	615	215	400	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	125	55	75	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	460	155	310	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	90	55	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	70	45	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	755	450	310	0	0	0
Kannada	100	60	40	0	0	0
Malayalam	210	105	105	0	0	0
Tamil	430	270	160	0	0	0
Telugu	115	70	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	19,690	9,650	10,040	0	0	0
Albanian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Armenian	230	100	125	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	4,295	1,980	2,310	0	0	0
Baltic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	4,255	1,965	2,295	0	0	0
Belarusan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	135	70	70	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Croatian	465	220	250	0	0	0
Czech	205	95	105	0	0	0
Macedonian	60	35	20	0	0	0
Polish	1,155	520	635	0	0	0
Russian	1,070	500	575	0	0	0
Serbian	930	425	495	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	105	30	65	0	0	0
Slovak	210	105	105	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	285	120	165	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,160	1,925	2,235	0	0	0
Afrikaans	65	35	30	0	0	0
Danish	65	25	40	0	0	0
Dutch	450	190	260	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	3,595	1,685	1,915	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	55	40	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	390	180	210	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,300	3,355	2,945	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,800	2,540	2,260	0	0	0
Bengali	550	295	255	0	0	0
Gujarati	540	295	245	0	0	0
Hindi	1,860	1,000	860	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	140	75	65	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,270	665	605	0	0	0
Sindhi	100	55	50	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	180	85	95	0	0	0
Urdu	1,605	835	770	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,505	815	685	0	0	0
Kurdish	85	30	55	0	0	0
Pashto	110	45	65	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,360	765	595	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	90	45	50	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,885	2,315	2,570	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	640	335	310	0	0	0
Portuguese	735	390	340	0	0	0
Romanian	1,020	475	540	0	0	0
Spanish	2,685	1,220	1,470	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	435	225	215	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,155	590	565	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	285	185	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	65	55	10	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	85	45	40	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	80	50	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	25	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	30	50	0	0	0
American Sign Language	50	20	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,955	4,470	4,490	0	0	0
Chinese languages	8,955	4,470	4,490	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,390	705	685	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	7,645	3,760	3,890	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	120	50	70	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	90	40	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	470	275	195	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	225	95	130	0	0	0
Lao	165	65	95	0	0	0
Thai	60	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	465	295	175	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	80	60	20	0	0	0
Turkish	410	265	145	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	325	145	175	0	0	0
Estonian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	265	125	140	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	60	45	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	108,515	54,310	54,200	760	400	360
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	96,965	48,525	48,445	740	390	350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,240	10,395	9,840	105	70	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	76,725	38,125	38,600	635	325	315
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	11,550	5,790	5,760	15	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	108,515	54,310	54,205	755	400	360
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	76,235	38,255	37,985	735	390	350
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	27,275	13,390	13,890	10	0	10
Before 1981	6,570	3,120	3,445	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	2,885	1,400	1,490	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	5,710	2,875	2,840	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	8,165	4,120	4,045	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	4,055	2,100	1,960	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	4,110	2,025	2,085	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,945	1,875	2,075	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	5,005	2,675	2,330	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	27,280	13,390	13,890	10	0	10
Under 5 years	2,970	1,445	1,520	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,595	3,130	2,470	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	5,030	2,350	2,680	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	11,615	5,490	6,125	10	0	10
45 years and over	2,065	975	1,090	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	27,275	13,385	13,890	10	0	10
Americas	3,385	1,625	1,755	10	0	15
Brazil	135	80	55	0	0	0
Colombia	180	75	105	0	0	0
El Salvador	225	130	95	0	0	0
Guyana	445	200	250	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	255	150	105	0	0	0
Mexico	160	75	90	0	0	0
Peru	60	25	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	180	85	100	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,185	550	635	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	560	260	295	0	0	0
Europe	8,865	4,220	4,640	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	445	220	225	0	0	0
Croatia	295	150	145	0	0	0
France	100	60	35	0	0	0
Germany	1,130	515	620	0	0	0
Greece	130	55	75	0	0	0
Hungary	135	60	80	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italy	220	130	90	0	0	0
Netherlands	290	140	150	0	0	0
Poland	850	375	475	0	0	0
Portugal	200	105	95	0	0	0
Romania	805	395	415	0	0	0
Russian Federation	355	140	215	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	385	185	205	0	0	0
Ukraine	290	145	145	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,015	970	1,045	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,090	520	565	0	0	0
Africa	1,560	800	755	0	0	0
Algeria	35	15	20	0	0	0
Egypt	470	240	225	0	0	0
Ethiopia	80	35	45	0	0	0
Kenya	120	55	65	0	0	0
Morocco	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	105	55	50	0	0	0
Somalia	85	45	40	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	145	70	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	505	275	230	0	0	0
Asia	13,365	6,695	6,675	0	0	0
Afghanistan	140	65	70	0	0	0
Bangladesh	275	145	135	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	3,975	1,945	2,030	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	385	220	165	0	0	0
India	2,140	1,125	1,015	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	785	420	370	0	0	0
Iraq	375	185	190	0	0	0
Japan	75	25	55	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	830	440	395	0	0	0
Lebanon	135	75	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	990	525	465	0	0	0
Philippines	435	150	285	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	335	170	165	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	400	200	200	0	0	0
Taiwan	320	155	170	0	0	0
Viet Nam	385	190	200	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,375	665	705	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,945	1,875	2,075	0	0	0
Americas	355	150	200	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	0	30	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	25	20	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	175	75	100	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	40	40	0	0	0
Europe	450	190	260	0	0	0
France	30	20	10	0	0	0
Germany	45	15	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	0	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	40	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	180	85	95	0	0	0
Africa	275	150	125	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	100	45	50	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	20	20	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	55	35	0	0	0
Asia	2,855	1,370	1,485	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	50	10	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	915	440	480	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	10	0	0	0
India	495	280	215	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	265	140	125	0	0	0
Iraq	110	70	45	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	130	40	80	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	165	80	85	0	0	0
Philippines	160	50	110	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	50	35	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	240	130	110	0	0	0
Taiwan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Turkey	25	15	15	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	90	15	75	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	108,515	54,310	54,200	760	395	360
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	33,025	16,450	16,575	30	10	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	22,750	11,650	11,100	30	15	15
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	52,740	26,210	26,530	695	365	325
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	21,060	10,430	10,635	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	12,745	6,805	5,945	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	4,495	3,315	1,175	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	8,250	3,490	4,760	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	4,915	1,860	3,055	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	3,325	1,730	1,590	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	75	35	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	108,515	54,310	54,200	755	395	360
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,315	705	605	120	70	50
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,250	665	580	120	70	50
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	680	330	355	25	25	0
Métis	535	315	220	90	45	40
Inuk (Inuit)	30	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	107,205	53,605	53,595	635	325	310
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	108,515	54,310	54,200	760	400	360
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	360	185	175	40	25	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	108,155	54,125	54,025	715	370	345
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	108,510	54,315	54,200	760	395	360
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	170	60	105	15	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	170	60	110	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	145	45	95	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	25	15	15	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,175	1,105	1,075	155	85	65
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,105	1,080	1,030	150	85	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,465	720	745	55	40	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	620	335	280	90	45	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	30	45	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	25	40	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	106,170	53,145	53,020	590	300	290
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	108,515	54,315	54,200	760	400	360
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	28,180	14,560	13,625	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	6,940	3,710	3,225	0	0	0
Chinese	9,785	4,875	4,915	0	0	0
Black	2,035	1,155	880	0	0	10
Filipino	595	225	370	0	0	0
Latin American	1,480	765	715	0	0	0
Arab	1,950	1,070	880	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,220	580	640	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,200	670	530	0	0	0
Korean	1,200	620	575	0	0	0
Japanese	245	105	140	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	625	325	305	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	915	460	450	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	80,325	39,750	40,580	755	395	355
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	108,515	54,310	54,200	760	395	360
North American Aboriginal origins	2,345	1,165	1,180	165	95	75
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,685	800	885	65	45	20
Inuit	30	25	0	0	0	0
Métis	705	370	335	105	50	55
Other North American origins	24,070	11,935	12,130	475	255	220
Acadian	120	50	70	0	0	0
American	1,400	730	675	0	0	0
Canadian	23,015	11,415	11,600	475	255	220
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	120	80	45	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	0	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	72,825	36,070	36,755	430	220	210
British Isles origins	44,805	22,250	22,550	370	185	185
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	24,940	12,315	12,630	305	165	140
Irish	18,955	9,125	9,835	85	25	60
Manx	30	0	20	0	0	0
Scottish	19,765	9,655	10,105	145	65	80
Welsh	1,975	875	1,095	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,490	1,680	1,815	10	0	0
French origins	9,335	4,565	4,765	75	30	45
Alsatian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	10	0	0	0
French	9,260	4,540	4,720	75	30	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	30,875	15,170	15,700	60	35	25
Austrian	1,195	575	625	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	425	235	190	0	0	0
Dutch	5,475	2,755	2,720	30	20	10
Flemish	105	55	45	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	25,385	12,505	12,880	50	35	15
Luxembourger	30	20	10	0	0	0
Swiss	1,590	785	805	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,680	1,400	1,280	0	0	10
Danish	575	310	265	0	0	0
Finnish	495	240	255	0	0	10
Icelandic	145	80	65	0	0	0
Norwegian	735	375	365	0	0	0
Swedish	650	325	335	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	225	130	90	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	14,205	6,870	7,335	10	0	0
Bulgarian	110	50	65	0	0	0
Byelorussian	125	50	70	0	0	0
Czech	595	295	300	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	140	65	70	0	0	0
Estonian	170	80	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,635	800	830	0	0	0
Latvian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Lithuanian	265	140	125	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	5,605	2,760	2,845	0	0	0
Romanian	1,740	790	950	0	0	0
Russian	2,010	960	1,050	0	0	10
Slovak	510	245	265	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,245	1,595	1,650	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	10,065	5,135	4,930	0	0	0
Albanian	155	95	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	190	80	110	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	950	485	460	0	0	0
Cypriot	125	75	50	0	0	0
Greek	990	460	530	0	0	0
Italian	3,980	2,085	1,895	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	195	90	100	0	0	0
Maltese	205	95	110	0	0	0
Montenegrin	65	30	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Serbian	1,030	485	545	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	195	100	95	0	0	0
Spanish	1,135	585	555	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	290	130	160	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	535	300	240	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	335	195	140	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	170	90	80	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,525	800	725	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	105	45	60	0	0	0
Bermudan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	130	50	75	0	0	0
Dominican	60	35	30	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	650	390	265	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	280	150	130	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	225	105	120	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,360	1,150	1,210	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	0	35	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	165	100	70	0	0	0
Chilean	55	25	35	0	0	0
Colombian	360	155	205	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Guatemalan	120	70	55	0	0	0
Guyanese	455	240	215	0	0	0
Hispanic	40	30	15	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mexican	310	125	180	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	115	60	50	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Peruvian	125	80	50	0	0	0
Salvadorean	300	145	150	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	115	45	65	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	155	80	70	0	0	0
African origins	2,770	1,500	1,265	0	10	0
Central and West African origins	370	220	155	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	25	15	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	85	25	55	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	205	125	75	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Algerian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	770	405	360	0	0	0
Libyan	160	100	65	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sudanese	35	25	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	760	385	375	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	90	45	45	0	0	0
Ethiopian	120	45	75	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	300	170	125	0	0	0
South African	130	50	75	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	565	305	255	10	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	20	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	535	290	245	10	0	0
Asian origins	25,165	12,885	12,275	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,370	2,365	2,005	0	0	0
Afghan	300	175	120	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	445	275	165	0	0	0
Armenian	310	165	145	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	45	20	25	0	0	0
Georgian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hazara	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,245	685	560	0	0	0
Iraqi	340	175	160	0	0	0
Israeli	30	20	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	80	40	40	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	380	180	195	0	0	0
Palestinian	280	125	160	0	0	0
Pashtun	95	45	50	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Syrian	400	210	190	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	400	255	150	0	0	0
Turkmen	20	0	15	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	165	100	65	0	0	0
South Asian origins	7,215	3,865	3,350	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	280	150	130	0	0	0
Bengali	120	70	50	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	5,120	2,730	2,395	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	30	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,155	605	555	0	0	0
Punjabi	255	140	110	0	0	0
Sinhalese	125	65	60	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	345	190	155	0	0	0
Tamil	85	55	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	325	170	155	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	13,800	6,765	7,040	0	0	0
Burmese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	10	25	0	0	0
Chinese	10,455	5,220	5,235	0	0	0
Filipino	695	275	425	0	0	0
Hmong	90	35	55	0	0	0
Indonesian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Japanese	345	160	185	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,255	655	605	0	0	0
Laotian	220	100	120	0	0	0
Malaysian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Singaporean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	220	90	125	0	0	0
Thai	85	30	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	760	375	380	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	95	45	45	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	155	80	70	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	150	80	70	0	0	0
Oceania origins	205	100	100	0	0	0
Australian	100	40	60	0	0	0
New Zealander	70	45	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,180	...	...	360	...	...
Owner	29,265	...	...	280	...	...
Renter	12,915	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,180	...	...	360	...	...
Condominium	5,730	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	36,450	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,185	...	...	360	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,800	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,525	...	...	75	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,380	...	...	210	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,435	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,185	...	...	360	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,815	...	...	25	...	...
5 rooms	5,980	...	...	45	...	...
6 rooms	6,605	...	...	60	...	...
7 rooms	6,195	...	...	95	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,595	...	...	140	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,180	...	...	360	...	...
One person or fewer per room	41,630	...	...	355	...	...
More than 1 person per room	555	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,180	...	...	360	...	...
Suitable	40,545	...	...	350	...	...
Not suitable	1,640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,185	...	...	360	...	...
1960 or before	5,145	...	...	165	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,675	...	...	110	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,065	...	...	45	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,640	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,130	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,415	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,110	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,180	...	...	360	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,530	...	...	315	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,655	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,180	...	...	360	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,415	...	...	255	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,215	...	...	105	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,550	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,185	...	...	360	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,340	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,195	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,020	...	...	55	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,100	...	...	95	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,645	...	...	80	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,085	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,750	...	...	40	...	...
85 years and over	1,050	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	42,085	...	...	360	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	31,875	...	...	310	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,210	...	...	50	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,910	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,265	...	...	280	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.0	...	...	44.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,282	...	...	517	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,401	...	...	637	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	400,050	...	...	89,979	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	436,617	...	...	112,893	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,915	...	...	75	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.2	...	...	31.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.2	...	...	43.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,051	...	...	584	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,146	...	...	662	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	91,020	45,355	45,670	670	345	320
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,080	5,480	5,600	265	165	100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	24,450	12,405	12,045	170	105	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55,495	27,470	28,025	235	80	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,125	2,920	1,200	65	25	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,790	1,025	765	55	20	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,330	1,895	435	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,290	6,750	8,535	130	35	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,695	735	960	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	34,390	17,060	17,330	25	15	10
Bachelor's degree	20,980	9,820	11,155	25	15	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,740	770	970	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	830	500	335	0	0	0
Master's degree	8,010	3,975	4,030	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,835	1,990	850	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	57,050	28,295	28,760	490	260	225
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,455	1,840	1,620	160	105	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,605	5,340	5,265	125	75	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,990	21,110	21,875	200	70	130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,700	1,960	735	55	20	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,130	680	450	40	15	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,575	1,280	290	15	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,740	5,250	6,490	125	35	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,120	485	635	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	27,435	13,415	14,010	25	15	0
Bachelor's degree	16,095	7,485	8,610	20	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,375	575	800	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	670	355	310	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,980	3,430	3,550	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,315	1,570	745	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	91,025	45,355	45,670	665	345	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	35,530	17,885	17,645	435	270	170
Education	2,960	670	2,290	10	0	10
13. Education	2,960	670	2,295	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,865	715	1,140	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	275	225	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,580	490	1,090	0	0	0
Humanities	4,315	1,505	2,805	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	430	75	350	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,245	330	915	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	825	230	600	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	45	15	30	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	365	195	165	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	405	220	180	0	0	0
54. History	740	390	345	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	265	45	220	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,615	2,650	4,970	20	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	110	20	85	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	800	305	495	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	985	55	930	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	765	310	460	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	190	30	165	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,635	425	1,210	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,130	1,505	1,625	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	9,950	4,320	5,630	65	20	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	755	130	625	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,180	4,180	5,005	60	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,385	1,800	1,585	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,265	530	735	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	605	305	305	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	40	10	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,415	940	480	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,735	3,205	1,535	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,790	2,015	775	15	10	10
25. Library science	185	30	155	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,570	1,005	560	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	195	150	45	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,145	9,485	1,655	40	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	440	240	200	0	0	0
14. Engineering	5,160	4,020	1,145	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,005	1,800	205	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,310	1,280	30	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,260	1,210	50	15	10	0
48. Precision production	960	930	25	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	955	535	420	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	365	190	175	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	590	350	245	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,345	1,525	4,820	55	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,040	465	575	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,040	895	4,145	60	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	265	170	95	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,115	1,035	1,080	25	0	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,205	360	840	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	610	415	195	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	275	240	35	0	0	0
Other	115	25	95	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	115	20	95	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	57,050	28,295	28,755	485	260	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,060	7,180	6,880	280	185	100
Education	2,170	465	1,705	10	0	10
13. Education	2,170	465	1,705	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,390	475	915	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	145	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,205	330	875	0	0	0
Humanities	3,135	1,055	2,085	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	310	35	275	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	965	260	705	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	585	170	410	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	10	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	250	130	110	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	275	150	130	0	0	0
54. History	545	285	260	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	180	20	165	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,815	1,980	3,840	20	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	90	20	70	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	645	240	400	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	725	30	695	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	600	205	390	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	125	20	105	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,240	295	945	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	2,390	1,165	1,220	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	7,985	3,445	4,535	50	20	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	635	95	540	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,340	3,335	4,005	35	20	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,545	1,325	1,220	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,010	420	590	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	410	210	200	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	0	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,050	680	370	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	15	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,055	2,750	1,305	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,535	1,830	705	15	10	10
25. Library science	150	20	135	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,190	765	430	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	180	135	40	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,700	7,300	1,400	35	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	335	155	180	0	0	0
14. Engineering	4,245	3,295	955	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,570	1,395	175	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	935	915	20	0	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	920	875	40	10	15	0
48. Precision production	690	665	25	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	765	430	335	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	280	140	140	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	490	290	195	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,765	1,115	3,650	60	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	750	305	445	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,815	700	3,115	60	0	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	200	110	90	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,565	755	810	25	0	20
12. Personal and culinary services	850	230	620	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	490	325	160	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	195	25	10	0	0
Other	95	25	75	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	100	25	75	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	91,025	45,350	45,670	670	350	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,530	17,885	17,645	435	270	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	55,495	27,470	28,025	235	80	155
Location of study inside Canada	43,835	21,730	22,100	225	75	155
Same as province or territory of residence	41,070	20,310	20,765	200	75	125
Different than province or territory of residence	2,760	1,420	1,335	25	0	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	11,660	5,735	5,925	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,860	1,025	845	10	0	0
Philippines	270	90	180	0	0	0
India	1,160	595	570	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,060	605	465	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,830	850	980	0	0	0
France	95	50	45	0	0	0
Other	5,375	2,530	2,845	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	57,050	28,295	28,760	485	260	230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,060	7,180	6,885	285	185	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	42,990	21,110	21,875	205	70	125
Location of study inside Canada	34,015	16,900	17,115	195	70	130
Same as province or territory of residence	31,910	15,790	16,120	185	65	115
Different than province or territory of residence	2,110	1,110	995	15	0	20
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,970	4,210	4,760	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,420	745	680	0	0	0
Philippines	250	85	165	0	0	0
India	890	440	450	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	645	335	305	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,440	665	780	0	0	0
France	70	35	30	0	0	0
Other	4,255	1,905	2,350	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	91,025	45,350	45,670	665	350	320
In the labour force	60,220	31,895	28,325	435	245	190
Employed	56,140	29,795	26,340	395	220	175
Unemployed	4,085	2,095	1,985	45	25	20
Not in the labour force	30,805	13,465	17,340	230	105	125
Participation rate	66.2	70.3	62.0	65.4	70.0	59.4
Employment rate	61.7	65.7	57.7	59.4	62.9	54.7
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.6	7.0	10.3	10.2	10.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	91,020	45,355	45,670	665	350	320
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,505	11,740	15,765	190	70	115
Worked	63,525	33,615	29,910	475	275	200
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	32,780	18,775	14,010	165	95	65
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	30,740	14,840	15,895	310	180	130
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.7	41.8	36.5	35.9	37.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	60,220	31,895	28,325	435	240	190
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,280	625	645	10	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	58,945	31,260	27,680	430	240	190
Employee	52,450	27,330	25,120	385	225	160
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,495	3,930	2,560	45	15	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	60,220	31,895	28,330	435	245	195
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,275	625	650	10	10	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	58,940	31,260	27,685	430	240	190
0 Management occupations	6,920	4,395	2,525	25	20	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,130	2,825	6,305	40	10	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	7,635	5,930	1,705	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	3,070	720	2,355	25	0	25
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,905	3,480	5,430	30	10	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,960	835	1,125	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,465	5,620	6,850	75	20	55
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,415	5,085	330	35	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	645	510	135	120	105	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,805	1,880	925	70	45	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60,220	31,890	28,330	435	245	190
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,275	625	650	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	58,940	31,265	27,685	430	240	190
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	280	160	120	125	95	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	65	60	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	255	215	40	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,820	2,405	410	15	10	10
31-33 Manufacturing	6,305	4,510	1,800	100	75	30
41 Wholesale trade	2,070	1,510	560	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,950	3,015	2,940	40	35	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,405	1,110	295	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,450	1,505	945	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	5,115	2,095	3,015	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,040	525	505	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,285	4,090	2,200	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	90	60	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,035	1,265	775	10	0	10
61 Educational services	8,480	3,535	4,945	0	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	5,160	1,025	4,135	50	0	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,050	500	545	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,050	1,695	2,360	25	0	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,090	995	1,095	20	0	15
91 Public administration	1,950	990	965	20	15	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	56,140	29,800	26,340	390	215	170
Worked at home	4,335	2,140	2,190	15	0	15
Worked outside Canada	385	275	110	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,345	3,120	1,220	95	75	20
Worked at usual place	47,075	24,265	22,815	280	145	140
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	47,080	24,265	22,810	280	145	135
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,070	11,355	11,715	90	60	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	18,790	9,645	9,150	180	80	100
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,095	3,195	1,895	15	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	120	65	50	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,425	27,385	24,035	375	220	155
Car, truck, van - as a driver	39,640	21,710	17,930	335	190	145
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,295	1,310	1,985	30	25	0
Public transit	3,780	1,835	1,945	0	0	0
Walked	3,160	1,500	1,660	10	0	10
Bicycle	1,045	780	265	0	0	0
Other method	505	255	250	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,425	27,385	24,035	375	215	160
Less than 15 minutes	18,385	9,000	9,385	165	120	45
15 to 29 minutes	22,005	11,655	10,350	105	40	65
30 to 44 minutes	6,535	3,910	2,625	70	40	30
45 to 59 minutes	1,925	1,100	825	20	15	0
60 minutes and over	2,565	1,715	845	20	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,420	27,385	24,035	375	220	155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,905	1,275	630	75	45	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,730	4,475	2,255	80	40	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,395	6,570	5,830	80	60	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	15,000	7,155	7,850	45	15	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,765	3,810	3,960	25	0	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,625	4,110	3,515	65	60	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	65,825	34,840	30,990	490	280	210
Single responses	65,310	34,640	30,670	490	285	210
Official languages	64,640	34,270	30,370	495	285	210
English	64,410	34,210	30,195	490	280	210
French	225	55	175	0	0	0
Non-official languages	670	370	300	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	675	370	300	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	80	65	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	35	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	40	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	380	215	165	0	0	0
Chinese languages	380	215	165	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	305	170	130	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	515	200	315	0	0	0
English and French	135	25	105	0	0	0
English and non-official language	380	170	205	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	65,825	34,840	30,985	490	280	210
None	63,330	33,615	29,715	485	275	210
English	440	180	265	0	0	0
French	760	335	425	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,225	685	545	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,220	685	540	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	20	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	107,570	53,825	53,750	760	400	360
Non-movers	89,430	44,385	45,045	595	300	295
Movers	18,140	9,435	8,705	155	95	65
Non-migrants	9,345	5,010	4,335	85	50	40
Migrants	8,800	4,430	4,365	70	50	25
Internal migrants	6,445	3,235	3,205	70	50	25
Intraprovincial migrants	5,810	2,945	2,870	30	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	635	295	335	45	30	10
External migrants	2,350	1,195	1,160	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	103,445	51,690	51,760	740	395	350
Non-movers	61,120	29,995	31,130	510	255	255
Movers	42,320	21,695	20,630	225	135	90
Non-migrants	19,430	10,000	9,430	75	40	35
Migrants	22,890	11,695	11,195	150	95	55
Internal migrants	15,140	7,745	7,400	140	85	50
Intraprovincial migrants	13,565	6,925	6,640	105	70	35
Interprovincial migrants	1,575	815	760	30	15	10
External migrants	7,750	3,950	3,805	10	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Waterloo [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Clark's Harbour, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waterloo [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Clark's Harbour, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Waterloo [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Clark's Harbour, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waterloo [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Clark's Harbour, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia