Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Whitby Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Muskoday First Nation, IRI Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	128,377	...	...	647	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	122,022	...	...	688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.2	...	...	-6.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	44,195	...	...	217	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	43,529	...	...	205	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	875.4	...	...	6.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	146.66	...	...	98.72	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	128,375	62,530	65,845	645	335	310
0 to 14 years	25,535	13,120	12,415	185	100	85
0 to 4 years	7,215	3,705	3,510	55	30	25
5 to 9 years	9,005	4,630	4,375	70	40	35
10 to 14 years	9,315	4,790	4,530	60	30	25
15 to 64 years	86,315	42,100	44,215	385	200	180
15 to 19 years	9,120	4,640	4,480	40	20	20
20 to 24 years	8,305	4,315	3,995	40	20	15
25 to 29 years	6,400	3,225	3,180	45	20	25
30 to 34 years	7,215	3,465	3,750	40	25	20
35 to 39 years	8,590	3,905	4,690	40	20	25
40 to 44 years	9,960	4,760	5,205	40	20	20
45 to 49 years	10,260	4,905	5,355	35	15	15
50 to 54 years	10,870	5,360	5,515	40	20	20
55 to 59 years	8,870	4,300	4,565	40	25	15
60 to 64 years	6,720	3,230	3,490	25	15	10
65 years and over	16,530	7,315	9,215	80	30	50
65 to 69 years	5,710	2,620	3,090	20	5	15
70 to 74 years	3,890	1,870	2,015	25	15	15
75 to 79 years	2,720	1,200	1,520	20	5	10
80 to 84 years	2,060	890	1,170	10	5	5
85 years and over	2,155	735	1,415	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,410	530	880	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	585	175	405	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	150	25	125	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.9	21.0	18.9	28.7	29.9	27.4
15 to 64 years	67.2	67.3	67.2	59.7	59.7	58.1
65 years and over	12.9	11.7	14.0	12.4	9.0	16.1
85 years and over	1.7	1.2	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	38.4	37.4	39.4	34.4	33.1	35.7
Median age of the population	39.5	38.4	40.4	31.7	30.5	34.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
Single-detached house	30,390	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,195	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,935	...	...	20	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,260	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	5,530	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	835	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,280	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
1 person	7,645	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	12,190	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	8,185	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	9,945	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	5,555	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	126,780	...	...	650	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	102,840	49,415	53,430	465	235	225
Married or living common law	62,250	31,130	31,125	205	100	105
Married	55,220	27,610	27,610	130	65	70
Living common law	7,035	3,520	3,515	70	35	35
Not married and not living common law	40,590	18,285	22,305	260	140	125
Never married	27,785	14,475	13,310	200	115	85
Separated	2,940	1,160	1,780	5	5	5
Divorced	5,210	1,730	3,480	35	15	15
Widowed	4,650	925	3,730	25	0	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	36,435	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	13,940	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	8,555	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	10,040	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	3,900	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	36,430	...	...	180	...	...
Total couple families	30,540	...	...	100	...	...
Married couples	27,025	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	3,515	...	...	35	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,890	...	...	85	...	...
Female parent	4,680	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	1,210	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30,540	...	...	100	...	...
Couples without children	10,700	...	...	45	...	...
Couples with children	19,845	...	...	55	...	...
1 child	6,635	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	9,455	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	3,750	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,895	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	3,240	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	1,920	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	730	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,575	5,290	7,280	110	70	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	43,525	...	...	205	...	...
One-census-family households	33,710	...	...	150	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,690	...	...	40	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	24,020	...	...	105	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,330	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,490	...	...	40	...	...
One-person households	7,645	...	...	35	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	845	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	127,525	62,120	65,405	645	335	315
English only	115,745	57,210	58,530	645	330	310
French only	85	40	50	0	0	0
English and French	10,615	4,445	6,170	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	1,075	425	660	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	127,525	62,120	65,405	650	335	310
English	123,890	60,530	63,360	645	335	315
French	2,070	960	1,110	0	5	0
English and French	525	230	290	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,040	405	640	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,335	1,075	1,260	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.7	1.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	127,525	62,120	65,405	645	335	310
Single responses	124,960	60,915	64,045	645	335	315
Official languages	105,185	51,495	53,695	635	330	305
English	103,135	50,545	52,590	635	330	305
French	2,050	955	1,100	0	0	0
Non-official languages	19,770	9,420	10,355	10	5	5
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	10	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,760	9,415	10,350	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	950	490	460	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	930	480	450	5	0	0
Amharic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Arabic	755	395	360	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	85	40	40	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	205	85	120	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	200	85	115	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,095	435	660	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	980	390	595	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	80	30	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,090	530	560	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	130	70	55	0	0	0
Tamil	870	415	460	0	0	0
Telugu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	13,085	6,335	6,755	0	0	0
Albanian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Armenian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,415	1,095	1,320	0	0	0
Baltic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Latvian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,370	1,080	1,290	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Croatian	160	75	80	0	0	0
Czech	70	35	40	0	0	0
Macedonian	415	205	215	0	0	0
Polish	785	345	445	0	0	0
Russian	270	110	165	0	0	0
Serbian	185	95	90	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	85	35	45	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	80	35	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,420	635	785	0	0	0
Afrikaans	45	15	30	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dutch	550	235	310	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	720	325	395	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	610	310	300	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,310	2,155	2,155	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,140	1,550	1,590	0	0	0
Bengali	275	140	135	0	0	0
Gujarati	385	195	190	0	0	0
Hindi	315	145	165	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	40	20	20	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	435	220	215	0	0	0
Sindhi	65	25	35	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	95	45	50	0	0	0
Urdu	1,510	740	770	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,145	590	550	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	95	45	45	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,035	535	500	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,175	2,060	2,115	0	0	0
Catalan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	1,595	820	770	0	0	0
Portuguese	795	380	420	0	0	0
Romanian	375	175	200	0	0	0
Spanish	1,405	685	720	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Japanese	70	25	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	200	105	100	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	280	125	155	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	50	15	30	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	10	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	35	20	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	25	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,110	985	1,135	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,105	975	1,125	0	0	0
Cantonese	790	380	415	0	0	0
Hakka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,160	535	625	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	90	35	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	30	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	25	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	400	185	210	0	0	0
Estonian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Finnish	55	20	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	300	135	165	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,565	1,205	1,360	0	0	0
English and French	350	160	195	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,070	970	1,100	5	5	0
French and non-official language	75	40	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	30	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	127,525	62,120	65,405	650	335	315
Single responses	122,765	59,865	62,900	645	335	310
Official languages	114,650	56,010	58,640	645	335	315
English	113,805	55,610	58,195	645	335	315
French	845	400	440	0	0	0
Non-official languages	8,120	3,850	4,260	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,115	3,855	4,260	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	335	160	175	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	320	150	170	0	0	0
Amharic	10	10	5	0	0	0
Arabic	265	125	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	50	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	125	50	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	295	140	160	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	270	125	145	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	690	335	355	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	35	20	0	0	0
Tamil	580	280	305	0	0	0
Telugu	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,845	2,310	2,540	0	0	0
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	785	365	425	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	775	360	420	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	105	45	65	0	0	0
Polish	280	125	155	0	0	0
Russian	130	60	65	0	0	0
Serbian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	135	60	80	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	45	20	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	70	30	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	75	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,300	1,105	1,195	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,630	780	845	0	0	0
Bengali	140	70	75	0	0	0
Gujarati	195	95	105	0	0	0
Hindi	115	45	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	215	100	110	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	880	435	445	0	0	0
Iranian languages	665	320	345	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	50	25	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	610	290	320	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,410	685	725	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	355	155	195	0	0	0
Portuguese	210	95	110	0	0	0
Romanian	195	95	100	0	0	0
Spanish	655	340	315	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	55	50	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,365	650	720	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,365	650	715	0	0	0
Cantonese	435	205	230	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	860	405	455	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	70	30	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,760	2,255	2,505	0	0	0
English and French	295	140	155	0	0	0
English and non-official language	4,315	2,050	2,265	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	130	60	70	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	127,525	62,120	65,405	645	335	315
None	114,190	55,845	58,350	630	325	300
English	4,130	2,025	2,105	0	0	0
French	1,805	755	1,055	0	0	0
Non-official language	7,155	3,385	3,770	20	10	10
Aboriginal	15	5	10	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	7,140	3,380	3,760	0	0	0
English and French	55	20	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	60	35	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	120	55	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	101,285	48,765	52,520	465	235	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	96,110	46,240	49,870	435	225	210
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,242	52,067	34,779	19,200	17,920	19,264
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	96,145	46,245	49,900	435	225	215
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,443	45,012	31,390	18,944	17,728	19,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,665	43,595	45,075	295	155	135
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,266	51,980	32,860	18,400	19,456	17,728
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,365	27,720	37,645	395	200	200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,862	1,156	3,981	2,920	854	8,128
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,500	38,820	37,680	260	140	120
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,924	52,188	36,117	20,096	20,128	18,667
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	101,285	48,765	52,520	460	235	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,980	46,020	49,960	435	225	210
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,958	66,185	44,616	24,078	23,864	24,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	96,035	46,025	50,010	435	220	215
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,364	52,089	37,255	22,694	22,027	23,385
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,510	43,390	45,120	295	160	140
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,727	66,497	43,408	26,239	27,637	24,670
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,235	27,540	37,695	400	195	200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,607	5,825	7,178	6,946	5,007	8,856
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,495	38,685	37,815	265	140	125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,389	64,002	44,555	27,246	28,296	26,024
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	101,280	48,765	52,520	465	235	225
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	38,625	21,435	17,185	90	40	50
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	68,336	76,613	61,040	35,712	35,264	37,632
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	77,818	86,699	66,738	39,493	38,455	40,379
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.8	94.7	87.9	73.9	81.6	66.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	78.9	81.3	75.6	67.6	76.4	59.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.2	5.3	12.1	26.2	18.6	34.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	101,285	48,765	52,520	465	235	225
Without total income	5,175	2,525	2,650	30	15	15
With total income	96,110	46,235	49,870	435	225	215
Percentage with total income	94.9	94.8	95.0	93.5	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,100	5,875	8,225	150	85	65
$10,000 to $19,999	13,500	5,305	8,190	95	35	60
$20,000 to $29,999	9,935	3,840	6,090	70	40	25
$30,000 to $39,999	8,575	3,620	4,950	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	8,555	3,665	4,890	25	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	7,475	3,565	3,910	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	6,580	3,365	3,210	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	5,490	2,945	2,545	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	4,690	2,605	2,080	10	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	4,485	2,425	2,060	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	12,735	9,015	3,720	0	0	5
$100,000 to $149,999	8,855	6,025	2,830	0	0	5
$150,000 and over	3,880	2,990	890	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	101,285	48,765	52,520	460	235	230
Without after-tax income	5,135	2,520	2,615	30	10	15
With after-tax income	96,145	46,245	49,900	435	220	215
Percentage with after-tax income	94.9	94.8	95.0	94.6	93.6	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,560	5,955	8,605	150	85	65
$10,000 to $19,999	14,060	5,555	8,505	100	40	60
$20,000 to $29,999	11,620	4,655	6,965	70	45	25
$30,000 to $39,999	10,750	4,540	6,220	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	10,285	4,775	5,520	30	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	8,805	4,515	4,295	15	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	7,075	3,875	3,205	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	6,325	3,540	2,785	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	12,655	8,840	3,815	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	4,260	2,615	1,645	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,705	1,900	805	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	5,690	4,325	1,365	0	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	101,280	48,765	52,515	465	235	230
Without employment income	24,785	9,945	14,840	200	95	110
With employment income	76,500	38,820	37,680	265	140	120
Percentage with employment income	75.5	79.6	71.8	57.0	59.6	52.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,490	5,130	5,360	55	30	30
$5,000 to $9,999	5,625	2,360	3,265	30	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	8,340	3,630	4,705	45	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	6,130	2,640	3,485	45	30	15
$30,000 to $39,999	5,890	2,475	3,405	35	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	5,870	2,535	3,340	10	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,625	2,685	2,940	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,120	2,605	2,515	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,420	2,360	2,060	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	18,990	12,385	6,600	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	4,060	2,255	1,805	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	4,070	2,180	1,885	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	10,865	7,955	2,910	5	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	103,809	...	...	38,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,847	...	...	38,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,645	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,566	...	...	19,669	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,025	...	...	19,669	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	35,880	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	118,109	...	...	44,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,467	...	...	44,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	121,180	...	...	51,210	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	97,877	...	...	48,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,635	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,480	...	...	19,097	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,474	...	...	18,647	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	35,895	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	135,153	...	...	57,595	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,022	...	...	54,155	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
Under $5,000	300	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	285	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	610	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	820	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,010	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	915	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,040	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,040	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,220	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,150	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,430	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,485	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,475	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,475	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,575	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	22,695	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,785	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,880	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	6,320	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,710	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,525	...	...	205	...	...
Under $5,000	330	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	295	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	620	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	870	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,125	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,045	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,210	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,350	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,425	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,425	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,135	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,105	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,300	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,205	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,950	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	18,135	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,565	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,535	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	7,030	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	35,345	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	117,676	...	...	44,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,054	...	...	44,032	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,400	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,666	...	...	51,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,610	...	...	51,840	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	19,950	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	140,915	...	...	72,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,915	...	...	70,144	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,280	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,603	...	...	27,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,662	...	...	27,648	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	35,385	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	134,742	...	...	56,636	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,567	...	...	53,275	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,445	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	116,446	...	...	69,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,674	...	...	64,032	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	19,900	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	157,935	...	...	77,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,363	...	...	72,493	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,290	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	81,251	...	...	35,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,557	...	...	34,575	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,985	4,455	5,530	45	30	20
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	40,896	45,133	37,658	19,296	19,648	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,986	39,014	33,759	19,296	19,648	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,985	4,445	5,540	45	30	20
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,755	55,495	46,951	17,752	19,916	14,334
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,933	44,870	39,576	17,095	18,862	14,306
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	126,785	61,865	64,920	645	335	315
In the bottom half of the distribution	41,575	19,375	22,200	550	285	265
In the bottom decile	6,535	3,075	3,455	230	115	110
In the second decile	7,390	3,250	4,145	115	55	60
In the third decile	8,040	3,715	4,325	80	45	40
In the fourth decile	9,025	4,255	4,770	60	35	20
In the fifth decile	10,580	5,080	5,505	65	35	30
In the top half of the distribution	85,205	42,490	42,715	100	50	50
In the sixth decile	12,875	6,265	6,610	5	5	5
In the seventh decile	14,900	7,305	7,590	40	20	20
In the eighth decile	16,970	8,435	8,535	25	10	15
In the ninth decile	20,675	10,410	10,265	20	10	10
In the top decile	19,790	10,075	9,715	10	5	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	126,780	61,865	64,920	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	30,955	15,840	15,120	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	8,835	4,540	4,295	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	80,320	39,025	41,290	0	0	0
65 years and over	15,505	7,000	8,505	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,780	4,425	5,355	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	3,085	1,570	1,520	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	920	465	455	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,470	2,465	3,005	0	0	0
65 years and over	1,220	390	835	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.7	7.2	8.2	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	9.9	10.1	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	10.2	10.6	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.3	7.3	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	7.9	5.6	9.8	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,320	2,550	2,765	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,510	780	730	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	430	220	210	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,525	1,660	1,865	0	0	0
65 years and over	285	110	170	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.1	4.3	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	4.9	4.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	4.9	4.8	4.9	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	4.3	4.5	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	126,785	61,865	64,915	645	335	310
Official languages	125,710	61,380	64,330	650	335	310
English	125,640	61,340	64,300	650	335	315
French	10,650	4,540	6,115	0	0	0
Non-official languages	25,245	12,170	13,075	40	20	25
Aboriginal languages	30	0	25	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	25	0	20	40	20	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	40	20	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	0	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	10	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,210	12,165	13,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,190	600	595	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,170	590	585	0	0	0
Amharic	45	35	15	0	0	0
Arabic	940	470	465	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	20	35	0	0	0
Maltese	110	50	65	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	215	80	140	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	185	65	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,525	605	920	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	150	65	85	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	70	30	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,325	520	805	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	295	125	170	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	100	40	60	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	175	75	100	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,415	730	685	0	0	0
Kannada	75	45	35	0	0	0
Malayalam	175	95	75	0	0	0
Tamil	1,140	585	555	0	0	0
Telugu	90	40	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,055	8,335	8,720	0	0	0
Albanian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Armenian	110	45	65	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,950	1,375	1,570	0	0	0
Baltic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Latvian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,915	1,360	1,555	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Croatian	205	90	110	0	0	0
Czech	150	75	75	0	0	0
Macedonian	555	250	300	0	0	0
Polish	970	475	495	0	0	0
Russian	415	160	255	0	0	0
Serbian	290	160	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	80	40	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	120	55	60	0	0	0
Ukrainian	310	135	170	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,845	835	1,005	0	10	0
Afrikaans	90	40	55	0	0	0
Danish	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dutch	555	250	310	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	1,095	505	590	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	55	25	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,005	495	505	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5,755	2,830	2,925	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,485	2,190	2,295	0	0	0
Bengali	425	210	215	0	0	0
Gujarati	540	250	290	0	0	0
Hindi	1,435	730	710	0	0	0
Kashmiri	20	15	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	80	40	45	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	895	460	440	0	0	0
Sindhi	85	40	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	205	80	125	0	0	0
Urdu	2,200	1,115	1,085	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,330	670	660	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	15	10	0	0	0
Pashto	90	60	30	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,285	635	650	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,710	2,870	2,840	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,275	1,160	1,105	0	0	0
Portuguese	930	465	465	0	0	0
Romanian	395	180	210	0	0	0
Spanish	2,290	1,140	1,140	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	140	45	95	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	265	140	125	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	585	295	290	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	75	45	35	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	25	0	15	0	0	0
Lingala	80	60	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	60	25	25	0	0	0
Shona	50	15	35	0	0	0
Swahili	115	70	50	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	130	65	65	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	135	65	65	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	185	75	110	0	0	0
American Sign Language	120	50	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	25	50	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,300	1,105	1,200	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,290	1,095	1,195	0	0	0
Cantonese	885	420	465	0	0	0
Hakka	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,500	725	770	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	60	40	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	90	80	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	0	0	0	0
Thai	70	65	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	125	55	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	0	15	0	0	0
Turkish	110	45	60	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	470	225	245	0	0	0
Estonian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Finnish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	380	175	205	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	126,785	61,865	64,915	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	121,385	59,210	62,180	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	30,260	15,550	14,710	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	91,130	43,660	47,470	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,395	2,655	2,740	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	126,785	61,865	64,915	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	96,505	47,290	49,215	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	29,550	14,150	15,400	0	0	0
Before 1981	11,170	5,240	5,935	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	4,290	2,150	2,140	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	5,610	2,715	2,900	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	6,335	2,985	3,350	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,510	1,650	1,865	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,825	1,335	1,495	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,140	1,065	1,080	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	730	425	305	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	29,550	14,150	15,400	0	0	0
Under 5 years	3,555	1,745	1,815	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	6,550	3,395	3,150	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	6,850	3,025	3,825	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	10,705	5,155	5,550	0	0	0
45 years and over	1,885	830	1,055	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	29,555	14,150	15,400	0	0	0
Americas	7,510	3,440	4,075	0	0	0
Brazil	125	40	85	0	0	0
Colombia	190	85	105	0	0	0
El Salvador	75	40	40	0	0	0
Guyana	1,245	550	695	0	0	0
Haiti	70	25	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	2,380	1,080	1,295	0	0	0
Mexico	155	65	95	0	0	0
Peru	105	50	55	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	990	455	535	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	925	420	510	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,245	630	615	0	0	0
Europe	10,270	4,970	5,300	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	100	60	35	0	0	0
Croatia	135	65	70	0	0	0
France	80	70	10	0	0	0
Germany	500	255	245	0	0	0
Greece	355	185	165	0	0	0
Hungary	160	80	85	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	240	110	130	0	0	0
Italy	965	510	455	0	0	0
Netherlands	495	245	255	0	0	0
Poland	585	260	325	0	0	0
Portugal	365	190	170	0	0	0
Romania	365	175	190	0	0	0
Russian Federation	175	60	110	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	115	55	70	0	0	0
Ukraine	155	65	85	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	4,490	2,095	2,395	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	990	495	495	0	0	0
Africa	1,755	895	860	0	0	0
Algeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	160	80	75	0	0	0
Ethiopia	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kenya	110	45	65	0	0	0
Morocco	55	45	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	300	140	165	0	0	0
Somalia	20	15	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	240	140	95	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	815	405	410	0	0	0
Asia	9,895	4,770	5,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	640	315	320	0	0	0
Bangladesh	245	110	130	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,235	570	665	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	305	165	140	0	0	0
India	1,800	920	885	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	290	160	130	0	0	0
Iraq	70	40	30	0	0	0
Japan	45	10	40	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	250	140	105	0	0	0
Lebanon	225	120	100	0	0	0
Pakistan	1,365	710	660	0	0	0
Philippines	1,500	620	885	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	875	400	475	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	60	35	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	175	60	120	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	790	380	415	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	120	80	40	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,145	1,065	1,075	0	0	0
Americas	465	255	210	0	0	0
Brazil	20	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	160	105	55	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	55	50	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	115	55	55	0	0	0
Europe	215	110	100	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	40	30	0	0	0
Africa	245	145	100	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	15	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	45	25	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	55	35	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	40	20	0	0	0
Asia	1,185	530	660	0	0	0
Afghanistan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	20	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	230	115	120	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	250	120	125	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	140	70	70	0	0	0
Philippines	215	70	145	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	55	25	35	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	40	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Australia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	126,785	61,865	64,915	645	335	310
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	30,775	14,825	15,945	10	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	34,495	17,255	17,245	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	61,515	29,790	31,730	635	325	310
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	18,825	9,100	9,725	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	9,335	4,735	4,605	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,605	2,325	1,280	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,730	2,405	3,325	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	6,770	2,910	3,860	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,570	1,390	1,180	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	145	60	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	126,785	61,865	64,915	650	335	315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,995	940	1,060	625	320	305
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,880	890	990	620	320	305
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,115	545	565	620	315	300
Métis	730	330	400	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	124,790	60,925	63,860	20	15	10
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	126,785	61,865	64,915	645	335	315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	560	240	325	615	320	300
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	126,225	61,625	64,595	35	20	10
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	126,785	61,865	64,920	645	335	310
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	245	110	140	550	285	265
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	250	110	140	540	280	260
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	215	105	115	535	275	260
Métis single ancestry	30	10	25	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,235	1,415	1,815	75	35	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,145	1,370	1,780	75	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,330	1,045	1,285	70	35	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	755	285	465	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	35	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	80	50	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	55	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	123,305	60,340	62,970	25	10	10
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	126,785	61,865	64,920	645	335	310
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	32,095	15,800	16,285	10	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	8,345	4,210	4,135	0	0	0
Chinese	3,185	1,540	1,640	0	0	0
Black	10,085	4,910	5,175	0	0	0
Filipino	2,550	1,120	1,425	0	0	0
Latin American	1,345	715	625	0	0	0
Arab	960	485	475	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	525	240	285	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,265	625	635	0	0	0
Korean	350	200	150	0	0	0
Japanese	460	215	240	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	1,170	535	635	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,860	1,010	850	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	94,690	46,065	48,625	645	335	310
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	126,785	61,865	64,915	645	335	315
North American Aboriginal origins	3,480	1,525	1,950	620	320	300
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,630	1,195	1,430	615	320	300
Inuit	65	35	30	0	0	0
Métis	870	345	520	10	0	10
Other North American origins	35,765	17,725	18,035	40	25	15
Acadian	160	80	85	0	0	0
American	1,530	765	765	10	10	0
Canadian	34,555	17,135	17,425	35	15	15
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	275	165	105	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	25	15	10	0	0	0
European origins	87,885	42,545	45,340	65	30	30
British Isles origins	63,210	30,310	32,900	40	20	15
Channel Islander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	36,080	17,210	18,870	0	0	0
Irish	26,935	12,660	14,270	10	10	10
Manx	45	10	35	0	0	0
Scottish	27,965	13,390	14,570	25	15	10
Welsh	2,780	1,310	1,470	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,600	2,170	2,430	0	0	0
French origins	11,025	5,230	5,795	15	10	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,025	5,230	5,795	15	10	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	15,910	7,580	8,330	10	10	0
Austrian	845	415	430	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	400	190	210	0	0	0
Dutch	4,690	2,300	2,390	0	0	0
Flemish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10,680	5,000	5,680	10	10	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	490	265	230	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,685	1,305	1,380	10	0	0
Danish	695	325	370	0	0	0
Finnish	580	320	265	0	0	0
Icelandic	225	105	120	0	0	0
Norwegian	530	230	295	10	10	0
Swedish	675	350	325	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	105	50	55	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	12,300	5,865	6,430	15	10	10
Bulgarian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Byelorussian	60	40	15	0	0	0
Czech	450	230	220	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	175	90	90	0	0	0
Estonian	225	145	80	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,550	705	845	0	0	0
Latvian	195	90	100	0	0	0
Lithuanian	270	120	145	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	4,830	2,280	2,555	0	0	0
Romanian	840	395	440	0	0	0
Russian	1,215	575	645	0	0	0
Slovak	475	265	205	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,815	1,780	2,035	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	18,995	9,725	9,270	0	0	0
Albanian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	650	320	340	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	2,350	1,210	1,145	0	0	0
Italian	9,385	4,820	4,570	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	1,160	585	565	0	0	0
Maltese	725	305	415	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,240	1,630	1,610	0	0	0
Serbian	320	170	150	0	0	0
Sicilian	95	25	65	0	0	0
Slovenian	360	210	155	0	0	0
Spanish	2,045	1,055	990	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	265	140	120	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	670	345	325	0	0	0
Basque	25	10	20	0	0	0
Jewish	340	180	160	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	305	155	150	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	9,475	4,495	4,980	0	0	0
Antiguan	100	55	45	0	0	0
Bahamian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Barbadian	870	425	445	0	0	0
Bermudan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Carib	70	20	50	0	0	0
Cuban	165	80	85	0	0	0
Dominican	110	55	50	0	0	0
Grenadian	310	125	185	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	145	60	85	0	0	0
Jamaican	5,575	2,710	2,870	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	35	35	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	130	75	55	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,535	730	805	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	255	115	140	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	1,185	535	650	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	310	125	185	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,740	1,855	1,885	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	115	50	65	0	0	0
Arawak	50	10	40	0	0	0
Argentinian	90	55	35	0	0	0
Belizean	35	15	25	0	0	0
Bolivian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	170	60	105	0	0	0
Chilean	125	60	65	0	0	0
Colombian	270	140	125	0	0	0
Costa Rican	45	25	20	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	110	35	70	0	0	0
Guatemalan	110	60	45	0	0	0
Guyanese	1,620	810	815	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	355	155	195	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Peruvian	155	80	65	0	0	0
Salvadorean	120	55	65	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	230	145	90	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	110	50	55	0	10	0
African origins	3,930	1,985	1,940	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	905	480	420	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	30	25	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	160	105	55	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	170	95	80	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	375	180	190	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	120	50	65	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	55	30	25	0	0	0
North African origins	545	275	275	0	0	0
Algerian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	25	0	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	310	150	160	0	0	0
Libyan	65	30	35	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	70	50	20	0	0	0
Sudanese	20	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	765	405	360	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Burundian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	55	20	35	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	0	30	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	20	15	0	0	0	0
South African	275	155	120	0	0	0
Tanzanian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	75	25	55	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	80	35	40	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,780	875	905	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	235	125	110	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,585	775	810	0	0	0
Asian origins	20,890	10,325	10,565	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,435	1,760	1,670	0	0	0
Afghan	1,055	510	545	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	255	155	105	0	0	0
Armenian	265	145	120	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	470	260	210	0	0	0
Iraqi	90	55	35	0	0	0
Israeli	65	35	30	0	0	0
Jordanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	575	250	330	0	0	0
Palestinian	265	140	125	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	195	115	85	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	240	130	110	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	55	30	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins	9,540	4,780	4,765	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	175	75	95	0	0	0
Bengali	105	60	50	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	6,365	3,210	3,150	0	0	0
Goan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	25	20	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,455	705	745	0	0	0
Punjabi	215	115	105	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	1,030	480	545	0	0	0
Tamil	235	140	95	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	590	305	290	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	8,480	4,050	4,425	0	0	0
Burmese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese	4,525	2,235	2,290	0	0	0
Filipino	2,885	1,295	1,585	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	105	70	40	0	0	0
Japanese	540	245	300	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	380	205	175	0	0	0
Laotian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	55	15	35	0	0	0
Thai	90	65	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	315	125	190	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	80	40	40	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Oceania origins	265	140	120	0	0	0
Australian	185	95	90	0	0	0
New Zealander	45	35	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	55	30	30	0	0	0
Fijian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
Owner	36,275	...	...	15	...	...
Renter	7,255	...	...	0	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	43,525	...	...	205	...	...
Condominium	2,975	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	40,555	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,610	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,550	...	...	35	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,315	...	...	95	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	18,975	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	43,525	...	...	205	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,640	...	...	35	...	...
5 rooms	4,985	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	6,500	...	...	50	...	...
7 rooms	7,035	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,370	...	...	25	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	43,525	...	...	205	...	...
One person or fewer per room	43,060	...	...	195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	470	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
Suitable	42,010	...	...	175	...	...
Not suitable	1,520	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
1960 or before	3,845	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,330	...	...	55	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,230	...	...	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	8,840	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	8,205	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,575	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,500	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	42,080	...	...	160	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,450	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,600	...	...	130	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,950	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	970	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	43,530	...	...	205	...	...
15 to 24 years	340	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,310	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,295	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	11,595	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,760	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,390	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,795	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	1,045	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	43,455	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,015	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,440	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,540	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	36,245	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	69.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,746	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,719	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	501,324	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	548,489	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,255	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,112	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,168	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	101,280	48,760	52,520	465	235	230
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,865	7,005	6,865	140	75	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	28,785	13,890	14,895	120	65	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	58,635	27,875	30,760	205	95	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,785	4,300	1,490	55	45	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,635	1,625	1,005	25	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,150	2,670	480	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25,305	11,180	14,125	100	35	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,015	875	1,140	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25,530	11,520	14,015	40	10	30
Bachelor's degree	18,570	8,215	10,360	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,670	660	1,010	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	480	260	215	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,330	2,105	2,225	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	475	280	200	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,460	32,880	35,580	310	155	150
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,155	2,415	1,735	55	35	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,865	8,385	8,475	85	50	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,450	22,080	25,370	165	75	90
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,155	3,135	1,025	40	40	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,865	1,150	715	15	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,290	1,985	310	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,480	9,005	11,470	80	30	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,540	665	870	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,275	9,275	11,995	25	10	20
Bachelor's degree	15,315	6,550	8,760	25	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,400	510	890	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	410	215	190	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,775	1,785	1,995	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	380	210	165	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	101,280	48,765	52,520	465	235	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	42,650	20,890	21,760	260	140	120
Education	3,810	810	3,000	15	10	10
13. Education	3,810	805	3,000	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,500	1,190	1,310	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	550	395	150	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,950	795	1,155	10	0	0
Humanities	3,050	1,120	1,930	0	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	195	55	145	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	860	220	640	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	795	255	545	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	150	80	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	270	175	100	0	0	0
54. History	610	320	295	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	150	20	130	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,390	2,530	5,860	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	10	80	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	950	405	550	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,330	65	1,265	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	1,510	295	1,215	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	15	120	0	0	10
42. Psychology	1,305	280	1,025	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,070	1,460	1,610	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	13,130	5,675	7,455	45	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,105	175	925	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,000	5,480	6,515	35	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,005	435	570	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	630	265	365	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	0	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	590	390	195	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	30	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,470	1,575	900	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,950	1,305	640	0	0	0
25. Library science	105	20	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	360	205	155	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	55	45	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,025	10,140	890	45	45	10
04. Architecture and related services	450	340	105	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,615	2,210	405	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,530	2,305	230	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,295	2,235	60	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,135	2,075	60	10	10	0
48. Precision production	990	965	20	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	630	360	270	0	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	335	185	155	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	290	180	115	0	10	0
Health and related fields	7,755	1,520	6,230	15	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,105	590	515	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,540	860	5,685	20	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	105	75	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,535	1,840	1,695	35	20	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,620	440	1,175	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,495	1,015	480	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	405	370	35	10	0	10
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,460	32,880	35,580	310	155	150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	21,010	10,800	10,210	145	80	60
Education	3,010	610	2,400	10	0	0
13. Education	3,010	610	2,400	10	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,930	915	1,015	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	385	280	105	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,545	635	915	10	0	0
Humanities	2,450	865	1,585	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	160	45	120	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	700	170	535	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	655	210	450	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	115	55	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	130	55	0	0	0
54. History	485	240	245	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	130	10	110	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,050	2,040	5,010	25	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	15	70	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	790	335	455	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,065	35	1,025	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	1,370	235	1,130	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	10	95	10	0	0
42. Psychology	1,080	215	870	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,565	1,195	1,370	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	11,005	4,680	6,325	35	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	15	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	945	150	790	10	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,035	4,510	5,525	25	0	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,830	815	1,015	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	770	320	450	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	510	190	320	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	0	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	455	285	165	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	25	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,175	1,380	795	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,775	1,185	590	0	10	0
25. Library science	95	15	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	255	140	115	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	45	35	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,625	7,885	745	35	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	365	285	90	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,055	1,710	345	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,050	1,855	190	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,790	1,730	50	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,645	1,605	50	0	0	0
48. Precision production	720	700	15	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	490	255	230	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	255	125	130	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	135	100	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,220	1,215	5,005	20	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	870	445	425	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,260	715	4,550	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	60	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,675	1,420	1,260	30	15	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,150	315	840	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,215	830	385	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	300	275	30	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	101,285	48,765	52,520	465	235	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,645	20,890	21,755	265	140	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	58,640	27,875	30,760	200	95	110
Location of study inside Canada	49,665	23,390	26,275	205	95	105
Same as province or territory of residence	46,565	21,805	24,760	190	90	100
Different than province or territory of residence	3,100	1,590	1,515	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,970	4,480	4,485	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,510	730	780	0	0	10
Philippines	695	260	435	0	0	0
India	850	425	420	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,330	800	530	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	495	230	260	0	0	0
France	45	30	20	0	0	0
Other	4,040	2,010	2,035	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,460	32,880	35,580	305	155	150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,015	10,800	10,210	140	85	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,450	22,080	25,370	165	80	85
Location of study inside Canada	40,605	18,785	21,815	160	75	85
Same as province or territory of residence	38,105	17,530	20,580	155	70	85
Different than province or territory of residence	2,495	1,260	1,235	0	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,845	3,290	3,560	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,240	595	640	0	0	0
Philippines	510	175	335	0	0	0
India	710	335	375	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	695	410	285	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	410	185	225	0	0	0
France	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other	3,235	1,565	1,665	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	101,285	48,765	52,520	465	235	230
In the labour force	70,300	35,910	34,390	250	140	105
Employed	65,080	33,150	31,930	180	90	90
Unemployed	5,220	2,760	2,460	70	55	20
Not in the labour force	30,985	12,855	18,125	215	90	120
Participation rate	69.4	73.6	65.5	53.8	59.6	45.7
Employment rate	64.3	68.0	60.8	38.7	38.3	39.1
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.7	7.2	28.0	39.3	19.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	101,285	48,765	52,520	465	235	230
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	29,350	12,160	17,190	220	100	120
Worked	71,930	36,605	35,325	245	140	110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	39,355	21,950	17,405	100	45	55
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	32,575	14,655	17,920	145	90	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.9	42.6	38.8	37.8	40.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	70,300	35,905	34,390	250	140	105
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,555	775	775	20	15	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	68,745	35,130	33,615	230	130	95
Employee	62,040	31,015	31,030	220	125	90
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,705	4,120	2,585	15	10	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	70,295	35,905	34,395	250	140	105
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,555	775	775	20	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	68,745	35,130	33,615	230	135	100
0 Management occupations	9,230	5,590	3,640	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,855	3,540	8,310	20	0	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,985	3,890	1,095	10	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,010	730	3,275	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,590	3,130	6,465	35	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,200	995	1,205	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	15,570	6,945	8,625	80	55	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,320	7,895	430	50	45	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	770	650	120	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,215	1,765	455	10	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	70,300	35,905	34,390	250	145	105
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,550	780	780	20	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	68,745	35,130	33,610	230	130	100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	265	150	110	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	145	100	45	0	10	0
22 Utilities	1,695	1,205	490	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,755	4,190	570	25	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,160	3,800	1,355	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,850	1,925	920	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,095	4,055	4,035	30	20	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,700	2,105	590	15	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,225	1,230	995	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	5,065	2,205	2,865	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,490	690	800	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,405	2,930	2,470	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	210	70	140	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,005	1,765	1,240	10	10	10
61 Educational services	6,270	1,645	4,625	20	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	6,950	1,120	5,835	40	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,620	840	785	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,880	1,595	2,290	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,515	1,130	1,385	10	0	0
91 Public administration	4,435	2,380	2,055	40	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	65,085	33,150	31,930	180	90	90
Worked at home	4,860	2,255	2,605	10	10	0
Worked outside Canada	180	125	60	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,155	5,155	2,005	25	20	0
Worked at usual place	52,885	25,620	27,265	150	65	80
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	52,885	25,620	27,270	150	65	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,570	5,560	8,015	65	35	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,395	7,275	8,125	75	25	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	23,780	12,715	11,065	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	135	75	60	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	60,040	30,775	29,265	175	85	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	47,075	25,020	22,060	155	75	85
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,195	1,490	1,700	10	10	10
Public transit	7,485	3,310	4,185	0	0	0
Walked	1,575	585	990	10	0	0
Bicycle	180	130	45	0	0	0
Other method	530	235	295	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	60,040	30,770	29,270	175	85	90
Less than 15 minutes	12,240	4,965	7,270	75	40	35
15 to 29 minutes	15,825	7,540	8,290	75	30	45
30 to 44 minutes	9,295	5,310	3,985	10	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	7,540	4,450	3,095	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	15,140	8,515	6,625	15	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	60,040	30,775	29,270	175	90	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,550	4,085	1,470	0	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,390	6,490	4,895	40	25	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,730	7,540	8,195	70	25	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,375	4,685	6,685	30	10	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,430	2,840	3,595	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,565	5,135	4,430	30	15	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	74,150	37,635	36,515	260	145	115
Single responses	73,525	37,385	36,140	260	145	115
Official languages	73,270	37,265	36,005	260	145	115
English	72,880	37,195	35,680	260	145	115
French	390	70	320	0	0	0
Non-official languages	255	115	135	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250	115	135	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	25	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages	155	75	75	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	60	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	625	250	380	0	0	0
English and French	370	135	235	0	0	0
English and non-official language	245	110	135	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	74,150	37,635	36,515	265	145	120
None	71,790	36,515	35,280	255	145	115
English	375	90	285	0	0	0
French	1,100	530	570	0	0	0
Non-official language	865	495	370	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	860	495	370	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	125,510	61,220	64,295	635	330	310
Non-movers	113,985	55,635	58,355	595	305	285
Movers	11,530	5,585	5,940	40	25	20
Non-migrants	4,455	2,140	2,320	10	10	0
Migrants	7,070	3,450	3,620	35	15	20
Internal migrants	6,575	3,180	3,390	35	15	20
Intraprovincial migrants	6,240	3,020	3,220	30	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	330	160	175	0	10	0
External migrants	500	270	225	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	119,580	58,210	61,370	595	305	290
Non-movers	80,195	39,280	40,910	445	225	215
Movers	39,385	18,930	20,460	150	85	70
Non-migrants	16,065	7,605	8,465	60	30	30
Migrants	23,320	11,325	12,000	90	50	40
Internal migrants	20,765	10,010	10,755	90	50	40
Intraprovincial migrants	19,885	9,620	10,265	80	40	40
Interprovincial migrants	880	390	490	10	10	0
External migrants	2,555	1,310	1,240	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Muskoday First Nation, IRI [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan