Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hastings, County [Census division], Ontario and Grand Falls, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hastings, CTY Ontario [Census division]			Grand Falls, TV New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Hastings, County [Census division], Ontario Map : Hastings, County [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Grand Falls, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	136,445	...	...	5,326	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	134,934	...	...	5,706	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.1	...	...	-6.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	65,136	...	...	2,622	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	57,017	...	...	2,467	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	22.4	...	...	294.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6,103.92	...	...	18.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	136,445	66,965	69,480	5,330	2,495	2,830
0 to 14 years	21,110	10,775	10,330	730	345	385
0 to 4 years	6,765	3,465	3,295	225	110	110
5 to 9 years	7,275	3,730	3,545	225	105	120
10 to 14 years	7,065	3,585	3,485	280	125	150
15 to 64 years	86,305	42,805	43,500	3,300	1,575	1,720
15 to 19 years	7,565	3,885	3,675	270	140	135
20 to 24 years	7,595	3,925	3,665	220	105	110
25 to 29 years	7,405	3,790	3,620	230	120	105
30 to 34 years	7,490	3,780	3,715	250	110	135
35 to 39 years	7,435	3,615	3,815	275	130	145
40 to 44 years	7,435	3,635	3,800	335	160	170
45 to 49 years	8,360	4,085	4,280	320	150	165
50 to 54 years	11,230	5,540	5,685	440	205	235
55 to 59 years	11,505	5,595	5,905	540	250	285
60 to 64 years	10,285	4,950	5,335	440	195	240
65 years and over	29,030	13,380	15,650	1,300	575	725
65 to 69 years	9,590	4,635	4,950	440	195	245
70 to 74 years	6,955	3,390	3,565	335	165	170
75 to 79 years	5,115	2,400	2,710	210	95	115
80 to 84 years	3,715	1,660	2,055	165	60	105
85 years and over	3,660	1,285	2,370	150	60	95
85 to 89 years	2,270	895	1,375	95	35	60
90 to 94 years	1,075	320	755	40	20	25
95 to 99 years	285	65	220	10	5	10
100 years and over	35	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.1	14.9	13.7	13.8	13.6
15 to 64 years	63.3	63.9	62.6	61.9	63.1	60.8
65 years and over	21.3	20.0	22.5	24.4	23.0	25.6
85 years and over	2.7	1.9	3.4	2.8	2.4	3.4
Average age of the population	43.8	42.8	44.8	46.5	45.6	47.3
Median age of the population	46.3	45.1	47.4	50.7	49.4	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	57,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
Single-detached house	41,840	...	...	1,455	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,550	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,170	...	...	935	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,775	...	...	110	...	...
Row house	2,175	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,165	...	...	135	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,850	...	...	480	...	...
Other single-attached house	210	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	460	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	57,015	...	...	2,465	...	...
1 person	15,600	...	...	825	...	...
2 persons	22,415	...	...	1,030	...	...
3 persons	8,430	...	...	300	...	...
4 persons	6,795	...	...	235	...	...
5 or more persons	3,780	...	...	85	...	...
Number of persons in private households	133,715	...	...	5,175	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	115,335	56,185	59,150	4,600	2,150	2,450
Married or living common law	68,705	34,330	34,375	2,740	1,365	1,370
Married	54,850	27,420	27,425	2,080	1,040	1,040
Living common law	13,855	6,905	6,945	660	330	335
Not married and not living common law	46,630	21,855	24,775	1,860	785	1,080
Never married	26,680	14,875	11,805	965	510	450
Separated	3,985	1,755	2,225	185	70	115
Divorced	7,560	3,295	4,265	300	130	175
Widowed	8,405	1,925	6,480	410	75	335
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	40,360	...	...	1,595	...	...
2 persons	23,320	...	...	1,015	...	...
3 persons	8,045	...	...	275	...	...
4 persons	6,250	...	...	225	...	...
5 or more persons	2,740	...	...	75	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	40,355	...	...	1,590	...	...
Total couple families	33,810	...	...	1,340	...	...
Married couples	26,885	...	...	1,015	...	...
Common-law couples	6,925	...	...	330	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,545	...	...	250	...	...
Female parent	5,065	...	...	205	...	...
Male parent	1,480	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	33,810	...	...	1,345	...	...
Couples without children	19,155	...	...	855	...	...
Couples with children	14,655	...	...	485	...	...
1 child	6,335	...	...	205	...	...
2 children	5,760	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more children	2,560	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,545	...	...	250	...	...
1 child	4,160	...	...	160	...	...
2 children	1,710	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	675	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	23,140	11,045	12,095	1,015	425	595
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	57,015	...	...	2,470	...	...
One-census-family households	38,415	...	...	1,570	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	18,340	...	...	845	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	20,075	...	...	720	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	960	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	17,640	...	...	885	...	...
One-person households	15,600	...	...	825	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,040	...	...	65	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	134,750	66,305	68,445	5,210	2,440	2,770
English only	125,665	62,040	63,630	460	225	235
French only	190	75	115	660	285	380
English and French	8,555	4,035	4,520	4,090	1,935	2,155
Neither English nor French	345	160	180	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	134,750	66,305	68,445	5,210	2,440	2,770
English	131,325	64,540	66,780	935	465	475
French	2,945	1,515	1,435	4,240	1,960	2,280
English and French	165	100	70	30	20	15
Neither English nor French	315	150	165	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,030	1,565	1,465	4,255	1,965	2,290
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.2	2.4	2.1	81.7	80.5	82.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	134,745	66,300	68,445	5,210	2,440	2,770
Single responses	133,785	65,815	67,970	5,110	2,385	2,725
Official languages	127,490	62,845	64,645	5,080	2,375	2,700
English	124,465	61,290	63,175	875	435	440
French	3,020	1,550	1,470	4,205	1,940	2,265
Non-official languages	6,300	2,970	3,325	35	15	20
Aboriginal languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	30	20	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	15	15	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,240	2,945	3,300	35	15	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	70	65	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	70	65	0	5	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	90	45	45	0	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	60	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	135	60	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	255	85	175	0	0	5
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	5	5	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185	60	125	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	5	10	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	115	60	55	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	65	35	30	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,295	2,065	2,230	20	5	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	720	330	390	0	0	0
Baltic languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Latvian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	690	310	370	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	70	35	40	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	260	120	140	0	0	0
Russian	90	35	55	0	0	0
Serbian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	90	40	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,860	860	1,000	5	5	5
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	55	30	30	0	5	0
Dutch	735	350	385	5	0	5
Frisian	25	15	10	0	0	0
German	995	440	560	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	210	105	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	550	285	260	0	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	500	265	235	0	0	5
Bengali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	150	80	70	0	0	0
Hindi	50	25	25	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	150	75	75	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	100	55	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	930	465	465	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	300	160	135	0	0	0
Portuguese	225	115	115	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	390	180	205	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	5	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	245	115	125	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	30	20	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	60	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	85	40	40	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	560	240	315	0	0	0
Chinese languages	495	210	285	0	0	0
Cantonese	190	90	105	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	255	105	150	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	60	30	35	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	245	125	120	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	85	40	45	0	0	0
Hungarian	145	80	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	965	485	475	100	55	45
English and French	375	205	170	90	50	40
English and non-official language	540	270	275	0	0	5
French and non-official language	35	15	15	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	134,750	66,300	68,445	5,210	2,440	2,770
Single responses	133,330	65,610	67,715	5,085	2,370	2,710
Official languages	131,095	64,555	66,540	5,080	2,375	2,710
English	129,735	63,850	65,885	1,110	540	570
French	1,360	705	650	3,970	1,835	2,135
Non-official languages	2,230	1,060	1,175	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,200	1,045	1,155	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	50	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	35	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	20	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,160	550	610	5	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	90	85	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	170	85	85	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	300	135	165	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	40	15	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	250	115	135	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	30	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	305	150	155	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	275	140	135	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	90	45	40	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	50	55	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	295	145	150	0	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	25	40	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	155	85	70	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	170	80	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	140	70	65	5	0	0
American Sign Language	85	50	40	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	340	150	190	0	0	0
Chinese languages	300	130	170	0	0	0
Cantonese	105	50	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	70	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,420	690	730	125	70	60
English and French	265	145	120	115	65	55
English and non-official language	1,110	525	585	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	10	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	30	15	20	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	134,750	66,305	68,445	5,210	2,440	2,770
None	129,315	63,710	65,605	3,440	1,615	1,820
English	1,550	770	780	1,305	600	710
French	1,550	735	820	430	215	220
Non-official language	2,230	1,050	1,180	25	5	20
Aboriginal	190	80	110	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,040	965	1,070	25	5	15
English and French	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	5
French and non-official language	65	20	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	112,650	55,045	57,600	4,440	2,080	2,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	108,425	53,105	55,320	4,330	2,025	2,305
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,305	36,757	25,776	29,165	35,814	24,512
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	108,480	53,105	55,375	4,325	2,025	2,305
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,977	33,261	24,172	26,955	31,954	23,128
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,335	46,695	46,645	3,675	1,805	1,870
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,272	35,590	22,477	26,405	33,293	22,221
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,435	37,730	44,705	3,285	1,385	1,900
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,447	8,371	8,577	9,419	10,216	8,634
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	73,745	38,425	35,325	2,890	1,480	1,410
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,909	34,684	24,578	27,925	34,048	24,032
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	112,645	55,075	57,575	4,445	2,080	2,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,480	53,175	55,300	4,290	2,000	2,290
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,646	44,740	32,786	36,749	43,255	31,081
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	108,525	53,175	55,350	4,295	1,995	2,295
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,339	37,996	28,865	31,542	36,490	27,238
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,585	46,825	46,760	3,680	1,785	1,890
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,703	43,655	29,741	34,659	40,903	28,748
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,160	37,615	44,545	3,240	1,355	1,885
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,221	8,908	9,484	9,299	9,743	8,979
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,745	38,355	35,395	2,885	1,465	1,425
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,382	41,721	30,597	35,588	40,247	30,791
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	112,645	55,075	57,570	4,445	2,075	2,365
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	35,415	20,390	15,035	1,325	690	630
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,127	51,909	41,405	44,745	48,165	42,541
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,032	57,821	46,538	51,181	55,777	46,126
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.9	85.9	76.8	79.8	84.0	75.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.2	67.5	59.9	64.9	69.0	60.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.1	14.1	23.2	20.1	16.1	25.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	112,650	55,045	57,600	4,445	2,075	2,365
Without total income	4,220	1,945	2,275	115	55	60
With total income	108,425	53,105	55,325	4,325	2,025	2,305
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.5	96.1	97.3	97.6	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,070	5,980	8,085	515	195	325
$10,000 to $19,999	21,595	8,655	12,940	940	320	625
$20,000 to $29,999	18,065	7,580	10,485	755	300	455
$30,000 to $39,999	13,785	6,340	7,450	645	305	340
$40,000 to $49,999	11,545	5,990	5,555	470	275	195
$50,000 to $59,999	8,565	4,895	3,670	330	210	125
$60,000 to $69,999	6,445	4,080	2,365	200	130	70
$70,000 to $79,999	4,395	2,935	1,460	150	80	70
$80,000 to $89,999	3,035	2,025	1,010	110	55	55
$90,000 to $99,999	2,335	1,350	985	65	45	25
$100,000 and over	4,590	3,280	1,310	135	110	30
$100,000 to $149,999	3,505	2,480	1,025	100	75	20
$150,000 and over	1,085	800	290	40	35	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	112,645	55,045	57,600	4,445	2,080	2,365
Without after-tax income	4,165	1,940	2,225	120	55	60
With after-tax income	108,485	53,110	55,375	4,325	2,025	2,305
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.5	96.1	97.3	97.4	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,625	6,095	8,530	535	195	335
$10,000 to $19,999	22,500	9,025	13,475	985	335	645
$20,000 to $29,999	20,730	8,900	11,830	930	385	540
$30,000 to $39,999	16,030	7,715	8,320	735	390	350
$40,000 to $49,999	12,395	6,870	5,520	505	320	190
$50,000 to $59,999	8,680	5,470	3,210	240	150	95
$60,000 to $69,999	5,330	3,545	1,780	185	100	90
$70,000 to $79,999	3,415	2,100	1,315	85	55	35
$80,000 and over	4,780	3,385	1,390	125	105	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,010	1,325	685	40	30	10
$90,000 to $99,999	985	725	255	30	20	10
$100,000 and over	1,785	1,330	450	55	50	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	112,650	55,045	57,600	4,445	2,080	2,365
Without employment income	38,900	16,625	22,275	1,555	600	955
With employment income	73,745	38,425	35,325	2,890	1,480	1,410
Percentage with employment income	65.5	69.8	61.3	65.0	71.2	59.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,095	6,225	5,870	355	170	185
$5,000 to $9,999	6,200	2,690	3,510	260	100	160
$10,000 to $19,999	10,100	4,295	5,800	450	200	250
$20,000 to $29,999	9,440	4,175	5,265	470	195	275
$30,000 to $39,999	8,195	3,815	4,375	340	175	165
$40,000 to $49,999	7,315	3,860	3,450	290	180	110
$50,000 to $59,999	5,705	3,405	2,295	220	145	70
$60,000 to $69,999	4,225	2,830	1,400	150	100	50
$70,000 to $79,999	3,090	2,110	975	120	50	70
$80,000 and over	7,390	5,010	2,375	235	165	75
$80,000 to $89,999	2,270	1,490	780	85	45	40
$90,000 to $99,999	1,895	1,075	820	50	35	15
$100,000 and over	3,225	2,445	780	100	85	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	57,015	...	...	2,465	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,109	...	...	50,211	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,900	...	...	45,781	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	15,600	...	...	820	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,438	...	...	23,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,220	...	...	22,667	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	41,415	...	...	1,645	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,659	...	...	68,059	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,761	...	...	60,526	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	57,020	...	...	2,465	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,527	...	...	63,919	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,459	...	...	54,910	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	15,595	...	...	835	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,773	...	...	31,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,642	...	...	27,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	41,425	...	...	1,630	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,607	...	...	80,551	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,682	...	...	68,896	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	57,015	...	...	2,465	...	...
Under $5,000	535	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	620	...	...	65	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,955	...	...	85	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,440	...	...	230	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,050	...	...	135	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,845	...	...	140	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,015	...	...	170	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,865	...	...	145	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,815	...	...	145	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,710	...	...	115	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,110	...	...	215	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,890	...	...	175	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,180	...	...	155	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,720	...	...	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,965	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,300	...	...	435	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,495	...	...	180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,240	...	...	120	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,020	...	...	85	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,545	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	57,020	...	...	2,465	...	...
Under $5,000	575	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	635	...	...	65	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,980	...	...	85	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,555	...	...	235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,400	...	...	160	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,050	...	...	150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,370	...	...	185	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,330	...	...	170	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,330	...	...	150	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,165	...	...	155	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,115	...	...	230	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,370	...	...	200	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,560	...	...	175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,660	...	...	140	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,830	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,085	...	...	275	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,615	...	...	155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,310	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,160	...	...	60	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	39,910	...	...	1,605	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,464	...	...	68,659	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,533	...	...	60,800	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	17,925	...	...	825	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,813	...	...	63,258	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,720	...	...	56,288	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	14,865	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,133	...	...	97,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,462	...	...	83,872	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,040	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,642	...	...	40,128	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,583	...	...	38,528	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	39,935	...	...	1,610	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,538	...	...	80,871	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,520	...	...	69,135	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	17,905	...	...	830	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,564	...	...	73,057	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,353	...	...	62,614	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	14,860	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,789	...	...	109,964	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,773	...	...	92,411	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,025	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,186	...	...	51,095	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,475	...	...	46,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	20,480	9,895	10,580	935	395	540
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,803	29,352	26,822	23,392	27,776	21,088
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,937	27,085	25,209	22,421	24,934	20,704
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	20,360	9,875	10,490	900	345	555
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,177	38,285	34,195	30,975	34,317	28,893
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,555	32,876	30,311	27,213	29,641	25,700
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	133,710	65,795	67,920	5,170	2,420	2,750
In the bottom half of the distribution	77,495	37,200	40,290	3,250	1,445	1,805
In the bottom decile	14,095	6,895	7,200	575	225	355
In the second decile	17,240	7,815	9,425	760	315	450
In the third decile	15,755	7,500	8,255	670	305	365
In the fourth decile	15,685	7,690	7,990	685	335	350
In the fifth decile	14,715	7,300	7,415	565	270	295
In the top half of the distribution	56,220	28,595	27,625	1,915	975	940
In the sixth decile	13,955	7,000	6,955	495	245	245
In the seventh decile	13,260	6,835	6,420	535	270	260
In the eighth decile	12,205	6,225	5,985	425	220	210
In the ninth decile	10,425	5,270	5,155	260	140	125
In the top decile	6,375	3,270	3,105	200	105	100
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	131,185	64,555	66,635	5,175	2,425	2,750
0 to 17 years	24,940	12,710	12,225	880	425	455
0 to 5 years	8,010	4,095	3,915	270	130	135
18 to 64 years	79,475	39,250	40,225	3,085	1,465	1,625
65 years and over	26,775	12,600	14,175	1,205	530	670
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	21,370	9,920	11,450	995	395	605
0 to 17 years	5,410	2,760	2,650	195	90	110
0 to 5 years	1,960	990	970	65	30	35
18 to 64 years	12,505	5,830	6,675	475	200	280
65 years and over	3,455	1,330	2,125	320	105	215
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.3	15.4	17.2	19.2	16.3	22.0
0 to 17 years (%)	21.7	21.7	21.7	22.2	21.2	24.2
0 to 5 years (%)	24.5	24.2	24.8	24.1	23.1	25.9
18 to 64 years (%)	15.7	14.9	16.6	15.4	13.7	17.2
65 years and over (%)	12.9	10.6	15.0	26.6	19.8	32.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,740	4,395	4,345	330	130	200
0 to 17 years	1,965	1,005	960	60	15	40
0 to 5 years	755	375	380	20	5	15
18 to 64 years	6,365	3,205	3,165	245	100	135
65 years and over	405	190	215	25	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.7	6.8	6.5	6.4	5.4	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.9	7.9	7.9	6.8	3.5	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.4	9.2	9.7	7.4	3.8	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	8.2	7.9	7.9	6.8	8.3
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.5	1.5	2.1	0.9	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	133,715	65,795	67,920	5,170	2,420	2,750
Official languages	133,405	65,680	67,725	5,170	2,420	2,750
English	133,230	65,615	67,610	4,540	2,130	2,410
French	8,680	4,115	4,565	4,690	2,200	2,490
Non-official languages	8,760	3,880	4,875	85	35	55
Aboriginal languages	340	140	200	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	325	130	190	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	320	130	195	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,425	3,750	4,670	85	35	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	190	100	95	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	190	95	95	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	140	70	70	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	20	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	190	70	120	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	60	105	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	350	100	250	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	70	25	40	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	10	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275	80	200	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	140	80	55	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	75	45	30	0	0	0
Tamil	70	40	35	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,670	2,575	3,090	75	30	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	815	375	440	0	0	0
Baltic languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Latvian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	780	350	430	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	45	25	0	0	0
Czech	75	30	50	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	250	120	130	0	0	0
Russian	125	55	65	0	0	0
Serbian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	35	90	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,190	980	1,210	15	10	10
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	80	40	45	0	0	0
Dutch	700	295	405	0	0	10
Frisian	35	15	15	0	0	0
German	1,430	650	775	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	50	15	25	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	305	140	165	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	810	365	440	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	730	340	390	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	245	105	140	10	0	10
Hindi	320	160	160	0	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	110	120	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Urdu	240	115	125	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	25	60	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	70	25	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,715	790	925	50	20	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	495	255	245	0	0	0
Portuguese	370	185	180	0	0	0
Romanian	75	30	50	0	0	0
Spanish	880	385	490	50	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	45	50	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	235	100	140	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	40	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	35	25	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	775	305	465	0	0	0
American Sign Language	525	215	305	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	250	90	160	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	570	260	310	0	0	0
Chinese languages	480	210	270	0	0	0
Cantonese	150	75	75	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	315	145	170	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	85	45	35	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	20	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	325	175	150	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	95	45	55	0	0	0
Hungarian	215	125	90	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	133,710	65,795	67,915	5,175	2,420	2,750
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	131,520	64,895	66,625	5,095	2,395	2,695
Canadian citizens aged under 18	25,520	13,045	12,475	910	455	450
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	106,000	51,850	54,150	4,185	1,940	2,245
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,195	905	1,295	75	25	50
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	133,710	65,795	67,915	5,170	2,420	2,750
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	123,800	61,215	62,585	5,030	2,370	2,660
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	9,480	4,390	5,090	130	50	80
Before 1981	5,695	2,705	2,995	50	15	40
1981 to 1990	1,020	460	565	15	15	0
1991 to 2000	1,010	455	555	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	1,095	490	610	20	10	15
2001 to 2005	560	245	310	10	0	0
2006 to 2010	540	240	300	15	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	655	285	370	25	10	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	430	190	245	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	9,480	4,390	5,090	130	50	80
Under 5 years	1,395	720	675	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	2,050	970	1,080	25	10	20
15 to 24 years	2,450	1,040	1,410	25	15	15
25 to 44 years	3,145	1,455	1,690	50	20	25
45 years and over	440	210	230	15	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,480	4,395	5,090	130	50	80
Americas	1,550	695	855	95	45	45
Brazil	40	25	25	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	45	25	25	0	0	0
Guyana	85	50	35	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	165	110	60	0	0	0
Mexico	50	10	40	10	0	10
Peru	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	115	35	85	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	700	300	395	80	35	45
Other places of birth in Americas	285	120	165	0	0	0
Europe	5,815	2,765	3,050	15	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	50	35	15	0	0	0
France	95	45	50	0	0	0
Germany	665	290	375	0	0	0
Greece	155	70	90	0	0	0
Hungary	80	55	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	85	40	40	0	0	0
Italy	220	120	95	0	0	0
Netherlands	745	375	375	0	0	0
Poland	165	75	90	0	0	0
Portugal	205	115	90	0	0	0
Romania	100	55	50	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	0	45	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	65	25	35	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,580	1,180	1,405	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	480	250	230	10	0	0
Africa	190	100	85	10	0	10
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	25	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	40	40	10	0	0
Asia	1,850	790	1,065	0	0	0
Afghanistan	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	290	120	165	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	30	20	15	0	0	0
India	410	195	210	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	170	65	100	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	110	65	45	0	0	0
Philippines	315	100	215	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	80	50	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	130	45	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	195	80	115	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	75	40	30	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	655	285	370	25	10	15
Americas	150	70	75	20	10	10
Brazil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	40	40	20	15	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	65	35	25	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	30	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	0	0	0
Asia	400	155	245	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	115	55	60	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	130	50	80	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	133,715	65,795	67,920	5,170	2,420	2,750
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,575	4,895	5,675	150	65	90
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15,980	7,775	8,205	295	140	155
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	107,155	53,120	54,030	4,720	2,215	2,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,930	1,745	2,185	85	40	40
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,715	825	885	20	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	700	440	265	15	0	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,015	385	625	10	10	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,635	630	1,000	55	25	25
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	530	265	265	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	50	20	30	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	133,710	65,795	67,915	5,170	2,420	2,750
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	9,850	4,800	5,050	175	100	75
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	9,445	4,640	4,805	165	90	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	6,150	2,995	3,155	65	40	30
Métis	3,210	1,595	1,610	95	55	40
Inuk (Inuit)	90	45	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	190	95	95	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	215	70	145	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	123,860	60,990	62,865	4,995	2,325	2,670
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	133,710	65,795	67,915	5,170	2,420	2,750
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,535	2,180	2,355	20	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	129,180	63,615	65,565	5,150	2,405	2,745
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	133,710	65,795	67,920	5,170	2,420	2,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,820	1,395	1,420	50	25	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,810	1,390	1,420	50	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,410	1,225	1,185	15	0	10
Métis single ancestry	380	155	225	30	20	10
Inuit single ancestry	25	10	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	9,325	4,535	4,795	155	70	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	9,090	4,415	4,675	150	70	85
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,320	3,060	3,260	110	55	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,670	1,305	1,365	45	10	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	55	45	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	240	115	115	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	195	100	90	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	121,565	59,865	61,700	4,970	2,325	2,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	133,710	65,795	67,920	5,175	2,425	2,750
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,760	2,200	2,560	55	15	40
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Chinese	630	260	370	10	0	10
Black	870	525	340	20	10	10
Filipino	460	155	305	15	0	10
Latin American	355	145	215	10	0	10
Arab	165	75	90	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	285	125	160	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	100	40	60	0	0	0
Korean	295	120	180	0	0	0
Japanese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	235	130	105	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	115	45	70	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	128,950	63,590	65,360	5,120	2,410	2,710
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	133,710	65,795	67,915	5,175	2,420	2,750
North American Aboriginal origins	12,150	5,930	6,220	200	95	105
First Nations (North American Indian)	8,965	4,400	4,560	125	65	60
Inuit	165	85	85	0	0	0
Métis	3,260	1,570	1,695	75	35	45
Other North American origins	55,825	27,625	28,205	4,200	2,025	2,175
Acadian	215	110	105	110	50	60
American	1,260	635	625	140	80	65
Canadian	54,675	27,040	27,640	4,090	1,965	2,120
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	150	75	75	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Ontarian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Québécois	70	40	35	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	20	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	96,485	47,170	49,315	2,175	990	1,185
British Isles origins	77,690	37,530	40,165	885	425	455
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	0	10	0	0	0
English	46,005	21,990	24,015	555	265	290
Irish	35,570	16,815	18,755	370	185	180
Manx	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	30,965	14,720	16,245	190	90	100
Welsh	2,810	1,240	1,570	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,735	1,830	1,905	0	0	0
French origins	17,295	8,215	9,080	1,740	790	955
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	17,290	8,210	9,080	1,735	790	945
Western European origins (except French origins)	23,480	11,365	12,105	90	40	45
Austrian	490	235	255	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	405	190	210	25	10	10
Dutch	9,600	4,615	4,985	15	15	10
Flemish	55	15	40	0	0	0
Frisian	60	30	25	0	0	0
German	14,325	7,000	7,320	40	15	25
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	545	280	265	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,750	1,300	1,450	95	50	45
Danish	670	305	365	75	35	35
Finnish	545	265	285	10	0	0
Icelandic	135	60	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	610	265	340	0	0	0
Swedish	835	395	445	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	155	90	70	0	10	0
Eastern European origins	7,245	3,565	3,680	10	0	10
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Czech	325	165	160	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	130	55	70	0	0	0
Estonian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,005	500	500	0	0	0
Latvian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	110	65	45	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,940	1,435	1,510	10	0	10
Romanian	340	140	205	0	0	0
Russian	745	335	415	0	0	0
Slovak	120	40	75	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,215	1,095	1,120	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,740	3,280	3,460	60	25	35
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	165	90	75	0	0	0
Cypriot	35	20	20	0	0	0
Greek	765	380	380	0	0	0
Italian	3,785	1,935	1,850	30	15	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	65	50	15	0	0	0
Maltese	105	75	30	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	975	455	525	0	0	0
Serbian	90	45	50	0	0	0
Sicilian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	100	45	60	0	0	0
Spanish	695	215	480	35	15	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	70	35	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	410	210	200	0	0	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	220	105	115	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	175	95	80	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,035	545	485	15	10	0
Antiguan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Bermudan	40	15	35	0	0	0
Carib	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	20	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	20	15	10	10	0
Jamaican	470	290	185	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	105	60	45	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	185	90	95	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	780	325	460	20	0	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	70	10	60	0	0	0
Chilean	25	0	25	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	160	85	80	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	55	70	15	0	15
Nicaraguan	60	35	25	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	50	25	30	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	105	45	55	0	0	0
African origins	695	370	325	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	55	40	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	110	45	65	0	0	0
Algerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	75	25	45	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	55	45	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	425	225	200	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	55	25	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	370	205	165	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,795	1,630	2,170	35	15	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	480	225	250	10	10	10
Afghan	40	25	20	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	40	25	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	135	55	80	10	0	0
Palestinian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	25	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,240	570	665	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	990	445	545	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	160	75	80	0	0	0
Punjabi	50	35	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	75	40	40	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	45	20	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,105	840	1,265	25	0	15
Burmese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	775	310	470	10	0	10
Filipino	500	170	330	15	0	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	60	15	45	0	0	0
Japanese	135	50	85	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	305	120	190	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	105	70	40	0	0	0
Vietnamese	210	90	120	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	210	95	115	0	0	0
Australian	155	60	100	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	25	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	57,020	...	...	2,465	...	...
Owner	40,990	...	...	1,585	...	...
Renter	16,025	...	...	880	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	57,015	...	...	2,465	...	...
Condominium	2,215	...	...	155	...	...
Not condominium	54,805	...	...	2,315	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	57,015	...	...	2,465	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,285	...	...	225	...	...
2 bedrooms	14,315	...	...	810	...	...
3 bedrooms	22,635	...	...	935	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	14,675	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	57,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	11,265	...	...	640	...	...
5 rooms	8,150	...	...	410	...	...
6 rooms	9,595	...	...	485	...	...
7 rooms	8,190	...	...	285	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,820	...	...	645	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	57,015	...	...	2,470	...	...
One person or fewer per room	56,745	...	...	2,455	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	57,020	...	...	2,465	...	...
Suitable	55,335	...	...	2,420	...	...
Not suitable	1,685	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	57,015	...	...	2,465	...	...
1960 or before	18,310	...	...	660	...	...
1961 to 1980	17,520	...	...	865	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,670	...	...	265	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,610	...	...	320	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,795	...	...	130	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,735	...	...	180	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,375	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	57,015	...	...	2,470	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	52,490	...	...	2,280	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,525	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	57,015	...	...	2,465	...	...
1 household maintainer	33,805	...	...	1,635	...	...
2 household maintainers	22,330	...	...	810	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	880	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	57,015	...	...	2,470	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,495	...	...	70	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,735	...	...	225	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,730	...	...	325	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,895	...	...	450	...	...
55 to 64 years	12,520	...	...	550	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,835	...	...	465	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,840	...	...	290	...	...
85 years and over	1,960	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	55,195	...	...	2,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	41,260	...	...	1,900	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	13,935	...	...	555	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,765	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	39,545	...	...	1,585	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.1	...	...	53.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.3	...	...	13.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,002	...	...	777	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,090	...	...	915	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,970	...	...	149,991	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,347	...	...	169,494	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,695	...	...	880	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.7	...	...	13.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.8	...	...	39.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	903	...	...	628	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	921	...	...	669	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	112,645	55,075	57,575	4,445	2,075	2,370
No certificate, diploma or degree	24,600	13,025	11,580	1,155	550	605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	34,950	17,495	17,460	1,340	635	710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,095	24,555	28,540	1,950	895	1,055
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,455	6,880	2,575	420	235	190
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,795	3,105	1,690	280	125	145
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,660	3,775	885	140	105	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	29,600	11,520	18,080	675	340	340
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,490	670	825	140	45	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,545	5,485	7,065	705	280	430
Bachelor's degree	9,285	3,745	5,545	530	210	320
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	810	350	455	60	20	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	315	200	115	15	10	10
Master's degree	1,985	1,075	910	90	30	60
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	150	110	40	15	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	70,525	34,645	35,880	2,735	1,270	1,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,060	5,840	4,225	395	205	190
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,950	11,520	10,435	925	425	500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,515	17,290	21,225	1,420	640	775
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,205	4,535	1,670	290	145	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,190	2,105	1,085	200	85	115
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,015	2,435	585	95	65	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,400	8,710	13,695	530	280	250
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	820	375	445	95	30	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,090	3,675	5,425	500	185	320
Bachelor's degree	6,875	2,620	4,250	375	150	225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	545	200	340	45	15	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	125	90	20	0	10
Master's degree	1,380	665	710	60	10	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	80	55	30	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	112,645	55,075	57,575	4,445	2,080	2,365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	59,555	30,520	29,030	2,495	1,185	1,315
Education	3,325	780	2,545	260	55	205
13. Education	3,325	775	2,545	265	60	205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,450	665	790	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	405	310	95	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,050	355	690	15	0	15
Humanities	2,085	840	1,240	40	25	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	115	40	70	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	550	150	405	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	530	185	345	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	60	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	375	240	140	20	20	0
54. History	340	160	175	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	70	15	60	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,160	1,645	4,515	110	40	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	70	20	55	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	665	295	365	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,050	185	1,860	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	920	245	675	20	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	185	25	155	0	0	0
42. Psychology	925	210	715	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	1,360	660	695	25	25	0
Business, management and public administration	9,950	2,935	7,020	515	225	290
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,860	275	1,590	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,075	2,655	5,415	475	210	265
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,275	725	550	50	15	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	590	265	320	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	220	125	95	25	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	15	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	285	240	45	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	165	90	80	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,490	855	630	30	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,160	705	460	30	20	10
25. Library science	155	25	130	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	165	120	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,005	11,230	770	360	345	10
04. Architecture and related services	225	160	60	10	10	0
14. Engineering	1,025	870	150	25	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,910	2,625	290	35	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,675	2,605	70	115	115	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,570	3,445	120	120	120	0
48. Precision production	1,600	1,520	80	60	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,270	895	375	65	45	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	690	435	260	45	35	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	580	460	115	25	15	0
Health and related fields	8,990	1,255	7,730	340	50	290
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	765	380	380	20	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs	8,120	800	7,315	315	35	280
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	105	75	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,080	2,720	2,360	160	65	95
12. Personal and culinary services	2,255	535	1,720	100	15	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	60	55	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	95	85	15	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	1,670	1,110	560	30	25	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	995	940	50	20	20	0
Other	20	10	15	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	70,525	34,645	35,880	2,735	1,265	1,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	32,015	17,355	14,655	1,320	625	690
Education	2,095	445	1,650	145	20	125
13. Education	2,090	445	1,650	145	20	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,015	465	545	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	285	220	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	725	250	475	10	0	10
Humanities	1,445	580	860	20	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	40	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	365	100	270	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	385	145	245	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	45	25	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	235	140	95	10	15	0
54. History	255	115	140	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	35	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,690	1,120	3,570	90	30	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	540	205	330	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,640	140	1,510	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	770	195	575	20	10	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	15	115	0	0	0
42. Psychology	575	110	465	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	985	450	540	25	20	10
Business, management and public administration	7,280	2,050	5,225	390	170	225
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,455	185	1,265	35	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,815	1,865	3,945	355	160	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	910	505	400	40	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	420	180	240	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	90	65	20	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	205	170	35	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	110	65	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,205	690	510	30	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,005	615	385	30	20	10
25. Library science	105	15	95	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	60	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,415	7,810	610	270	265	10
04. Architecture and related services	155	105	50	0	10	0
14. Engineering	665	540	130	15	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,215	1,970	240	35	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,885	1,835	45	80	80	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,465	2,375	85	95	100	0
48. Precision production	1,025	975	55	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	900	620	285	25	15	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	495	295	200	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	415	325	85	10	0	0
Health and related fields	6,760	940	5,825	255	45	205
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	600	275	325	20	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,085	605	5,475	230	30	195
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	55	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,790	2,055	1,735	135	50	85
12. Personal and culinary services	1,620	385	1,245	80	0	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	50	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	60	55	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,290	845	445	30	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	765	720	40	20	20	0
Other	10	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	112,650	55,070	57,575	4,445	2,080	2,365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	59,555	30,520	29,035	2,495	1,180	1,315
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	53,095	24,555	28,540	1,950	895	1,050
Location of study inside Canada	49,985	22,905	27,080	1,885	880	1,010
Same as province or territory of residence	45,960	21,075	24,880	1,595	735	855
Different than province or territory of residence	4,025	1,825	2,200	290	140	155
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,110	1,650	1,460	60	15	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	785	455	330	35	10	20
Philippines	135	25	105	10	0	0
India	260	125	135	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	670	395	280	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	35	50	0	0	0
France	25	20	0	0	10	0
Other	1,145	590	555	15	10	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	70,525	34,645	35,885	2,735	1,265	1,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,015	17,360	14,655	1,320	625	695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,515	17,290	21,225	1,415	640	775
Location of study inside Canada	36,645	16,405	20,230	1,370	625	740
Same as province or territory of residence	33,750	15,075	18,670	1,170	525	640
Different than province or territory of residence	2,895	1,335	1,565	200	100	95
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,875	885	990	45	10	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	560	295	270	30	0	25
Philippines	120	15	100	10	0	0
India	225	100	120	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	225	135	90	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	75	25	50	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	10	0
Other	655	295	360	10	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	112,650	55,075	57,575	4,445	2,080	2,365
In the labour force	65,145	33,730	31,415	2,490	1,285	1,205
Employed	60,535	31,255	29,280	2,270	1,145	1,125
Unemployed	4,610	2,475	2,135	220	145	80
Not in the labour force	47,500	21,340	26,155	1,950	790	1,160
Participation rate	57.8	61.2	54.6	56.0	61.8	51.0
Employment rate	53.7	56.7	50.9	51.1	55.0	47.6
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.3	6.8	8.8	11.3	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	112,645	55,070	57,570	4,440	2,080	2,365
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	44,250	19,655	24,595	1,775	690	1,085
Worked	68,400	35,420	32,980	2,670	1,390	1,280
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	36,370	20,960	15,405	1,325	690	635
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	32,030	14,455	17,570	1,345	695	645
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.9	42.6	42.1	41.0	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	65,145	33,730	31,415	2,490	1,285	1,205
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,235	580	655	45	25	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	63,910	33,155	30,760	2,450	1,265	1,180
Employee	57,060	28,915	28,145	2,170	1,090	1,075
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,855	4,240	2,610	280	170	105
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	65,150	33,730	31,415	2,495	1,290	1,205
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,235	580	660	50	25	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	63,910	33,150	30,755	2,445	1,265	1,185
0 Management occupations	6,235	3,805	2,430	240	140	105
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,640	2,130	5,510	360	130	230
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,870	2,285	590	70	55	15
3 Health occupations	4,455	645	3,805	190	30	160
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,550	3,195	5,360	295	75	215
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,330	450	875	10	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	15,375	5,935	9,440	635	260	375
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,905	10,090	810	395	370	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,490	1,165	320	75	65	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,055	3,445	1,615	175	130	45
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	65,145	33,730	31,415	2,490	1,290	1,210
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,235	580	655	45	25	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	63,910	33,150	30,755	2,445	1,265	1,185
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,575	1,120	455	95	65	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	190	180	15	10	10	0
22 Utilities	515	450	65	30	15	20
23 Construction	4,820	4,460	365	190	150	40
31-33 Manufacturing	7,380	5,250	2,130	280	220	60
41 Wholesale trade	2,020	1,410	610	50	40	10
44-45 Retail trade	8,165	3,480	4,685	395	195	200
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,365	2,465	900	125	80	40
51 Information and cultural industries	760	395	370	15	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,220	325	895	80	40	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	925	455	480	15	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,170	1,060	1,110	105	55	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,100	2,285	1,810	60	35	25
61 Educational services	4,155	1,140	3,020	205	60	145
62 Health care and social assistance	7,985	1,040	6,945	300	45	255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	905	425	475	20	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,590	1,635	2,950	200	60	140
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,580	1,275	1,305	125	80	45
91 Public administration	6,470	4,300	2,175	160	90	70
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	60,535	31,255	29,280	2,270	1,145	1,125
Worked at home	3,965	1,970	2,000	75	20	55
Worked outside Canada	180	130	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,855	5,115	1,740	250	205	45
Worked at usual place	49,540	24,040	25,495	1,930	910	1,025
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	49,535	24,040	25,495	1,935	910	1,020
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	27,400	13,210	14,180	1,355	585	770
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,075	6,940	8,130	205	110	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,895	3,780	3,110	360	210	150
Commute to a different province or territory	180	110	65	20	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	56,395	29,155	27,235	2,185	1,115	1,070
Car, truck, van - as a driver	47,695	25,040	22,655	1,945	1,000	945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,720	1,725	1,990	80	35	45
Public transit	1,150	490	665	0	0	10
Walked	2,810	1,215	1,595	105	45	60
Bicycle	470	370	95	0	0	0
Other method	555	315	240	50	30	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	56,395	29,155	27,235	2,185	1,115	1,065
Less than 15 minutes	21,820	10,505	11,315	1,645	770	875
15 to 29 minutes	19,985	10,355	9,630	300	180	120
30 to 44 minutes	8,615	4,505	4,105	105	65	35
45 to 59 minutes	2,875	1,545	1,330	50	30	20
60 minutes and over	3,105	2,240	855	90	75	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	56,395	29,155	27,235	2,185	1,120	1,065
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,085	3,380	1,705	180	140	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,935	7,235	3,700	340	225	115
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,100	7,730	7,365	800	380	420
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,545	3,715	6,835	400	155	240
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,020	1,885	3,130	185	70	115
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,715	5,210	4,505	275	140	135
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	70,510	36,435	34,075	2,730	1,420	1,310
Single responses	70,155	36,285	33,870	2,215	1,150	1,065
Official languages	69,995	36,220	33,770	2,215	1,155	1,065
English	69,675	36,140	33,535	685	380	310
French	320	90	235	1,530	775	755
Non-official languages	160	65	100	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	10	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	155	55	100	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	10	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	10	45	0	0	0
American Sign Language	55	10	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	355	155	200	510	265	245
English and French	245	110	130	505	260	245
English and non-official language	105	30	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	70,510	36,435	34,070	2,730	1,415	1,310
None	68,115	35,220	32,895	1,235	695	540
English	290	75	215	1,105	525	580
French	1,685	990	695	380	195	185
Non-official language	395	140	250	0	0	0
Aboriginal	60	20	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	335	120	215	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	132,405	65,120	67,285	5,125	2,405	2,725
Non-movers	115,365	56,760	58,605	4,600	2,155	2,445
Movers	17,045	8,365	8,680	530	250	280
Non-migrants	8,765	4,295	4,460	285	155	130
Migrants	8,285	4,065	4,215	240	90	150
Internal migrants	7,840	3,870	3,970	210	90	120
Intraprovincial migrants	6,995	3,435	3,560	190	80	110
Interprovincial migrants	850	440	410	20	10	10
External migrants	440	195	245	30	0	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	126,985	62,440	64,545	4,970	2,305	2,660
Non-movers	81,170	40,020	41,155	3,605	1,680	1,925
Movers	45,810	22,425	23,390	1,365	625	740
Non-migrants	21,875	10,600	11,275	840	410	430
Migrants	23,935	11,820	12,110	530	220	310
Internal migrants	22,895	11,350	11,545	500	200	300
Intraprovincial migrants	20,130	9,885	10,245	355	140	215
Interprovincial migrants	2,765	1,465	1,300	150	65	85
External migrants	1,040	475	570	30	15	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hastings, CTY [Census division], Ontario and Grand Falls, TV [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hastings, County [Census division], Ontario and Grand Falls, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hastings, County [Census division], Ontario and Grand Falls, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hastings, County [Census division], Ontario and Grand Falls, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick