Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Northumberland, County [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hamilton, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]			Northumberland, CTY Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Hamilton, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Hamilton, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Northumberland, County [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,942	...	...	85,598	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	10,702	...	...	82,126	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.2	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,677	...	...	39,032	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,276	...	...	35,686	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	42.7	...	...	44.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	256.08	...	...	1,905.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,945	5,525	5,415	85,600	41,985	43,615
0 to 14 years	1,495	770	720	11,340	5,790	5,550
0 to 4 years	420	210	205	3,335	1,725	1,610
5 to 9 years	470	245	220	3,775	1,915	1,860
10 to 14 years	610	315	290	4,230	2,155	2,080
15 to 64 years	7,280	3,645	3,635	51,995	25,785	26,210
15 to 19 years	700	355	345	4,500	2,345	2,155
20 to 24 years	650	350	295	4,180	2,180	2,005
25 to 29 years	480	235	250	3,670	1,910	1,760
30 to 34 years	430	215	215	3,830	1,935	1,895
35 to 39 years	490	240	250	4,005	2,015	1,995
40 to 44 years	625	320	305	4,420	2,160	2,265
45 to 49 years	765	365	400	5,060	2,480	2,585
50 to 54 years	1,085	505	580	7,175	3,405	3,775
55 to 59 years	1,100	575	525	7,635	3,720	3,915
60 to 64 years	955	490	465	7,510	3,650	3,860
65 years and over	2,165	1,105	1,060	22,260	10,400	11,855
65 to 69 years	840	420	420	7,490	3,530	3,955
70 to 74 years	595	315	280	5,385	2,680	2,705
75 to 79 years	375	190	180	3,880	1,865	2,015
80 to 84 years	215	115	100	2,805	1,355	1,450
85 years and over	145	65	85	2,700	970	1,730
85 to 89 years	105	50	55	1,705	705	1,005
90 to 94 years	35	10	25	790	215	570
95 to 99 years	5	5	5	180	45	140
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	13.9	13.3	13.2	13.8	12.7
15 to 64 years	66.5	66.0	67.1	60.7	61.4	60.1
65 years and over	19.8	20.0	19.6	26.0	24.8	27.2
85 years and over	1.3	1.2	1.6	3.2	2.3	4.0
Average age of the population	44.5	44.3	44.6	47.0	46.0	47.9
Median age of the population	49.1	49.0	49.2	51.4	50.3	52.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,280	...	...	35,685	...	...
Single-detached house	4,040	...	...	28,345	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	730	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	110	...	...	6,365	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	895	...	...
Row house	25	...	...	1,675	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	465	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	50	...	...	3,215	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	115	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	130	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
1 person	775	...	...	9,030	...	...
2 persons	1,835	...	...	15,245	...	...
3 persons	680	...	...	5,055	...	...
4 persons	635	...	...	4,130	...	...
5 or more persons	355	...	...	2,230	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,920	...	...	83,365	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	9,445	4,750	4,695	74,255	36,190	38,070
Married or living common law	6,400	3,200	3,195	46,860	23,575	23,285
Married	5,305	2,660	2,645	38,985	19,635	19,350
Living common law	1,090	540	550	7,875	3,935	3,935
Not married and not living common law	3,050	1,550	1,495	27,400	12,615	14,785
Never married	1,970	1,085	885	14,945	8,210	6,730
Separated	215	115	100	2,365	1,160	1,210
Divorced	430	225	205	4,665	2,015	2,645
Widowed	430	125	310	5,420	1,225	4,195
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,505	...	...	26,400	...	...
2 persons	1,950	...	...	16,045	...	...
3 persons	680	...	...	4,865	...	...
4 persons	610	...	...	3,875	...	...
5 or more persons	260	...	...	1,615	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,505	...	...	26,400	...	...
Total couple families	3,170	...	...	22,875	...	...
Married couples	2,625	...	...	18,940	...	...
Common-law couples	545	...	...	3,935	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	330	...	...	3,530	...	...
Female parent	240	...	...	2,720	...	...
Male parent	90	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,170	...	...	22,875	...	...
Couples without children	1,750	...	...	13,835	...	...
Couples with children	1,420	...	...	9,040	...	...
1 child	585	...	...	3,875	...	...
2 children	585	...	...	3,620	...	...
3 or more children	255	...	...	1,545	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	335	...	...	3,530	...	...
1 child	200	...	...	2,210	...	...
2 children	100	...	...	995	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,165	605	565	12,585	5,580	7,005
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,280	...	...	35,690	...	...
One-census-family households	3,315	...	...	25,205	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,665	...	...	13,320	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,650	...	...	11,880	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	95	...	...	590	...	...
Non-census-family households	870	...	...	9,885	...	...
One-person households	775	...	...	9,030	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	95	...	...	860	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	10,945	5,525	5,415	84,195	41,125	43,075
English only	10,260	5,240	5,020	78,655	38,665	39,990
French only	5	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	665	280	385	5,420	2,405	3,015
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	105	50	60
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	10,940	5,525	5,415	84,200	41,125	43,075
English	10,790	5,445	5,345	82,885	40,490	42,400
French	130	70	65	1,140	550	590
English and French	10	5	5	70	35	35
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	100	50	55
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	135	70	65	1,175	570	605
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.4	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	10,945	5,525	5,415	84,195	41,125	43,075
Single responses	10,895	5,505	5,390	83,715	40,895	42,820
Official languages	10,450	5,280	5,165	79,785	38,985	40,800
English	10,310	5,215	5,100	78,550	38,405	40,145
French	140	75	70	1,235	575	655
Non-official languages	445	220	225	3,935	1,915	2,020
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	445	220	225	3,915	1,905	2,010
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	70	40	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	65	35	30
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	10	5	0	50	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	20	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	155	40	115
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	130	35	100
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	335	170	165	3,015	1,515	1,495
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	5	20	15	5
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	45	620	300	320
Baltic languages	5	0	5	30	10	15
Latvian	0	0	5	15	5	10
Lithuanian	5	5	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages	75	35	45	595	285	305
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Croatian	5	5	0	25	15	10
Czech	5	5	0	50	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	15	5
Polish	35	10	20	250	115	135
Russian	5	0	5	55	25	30
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	5	5	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	35	20	15
Ukrainian	15	0	5	95	40	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	160	85	75	1,410	690	720
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	10
Danish	5	5	0	55	30	25
Dutch	80	35	40	580	285	295
Frisian	5	0	0	25	10	10
German	70	40	30	690	330	365
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	10	115	65	55
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	185	100	85
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	125	65	60
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hindi	5	0	0	10	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	45	25	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iranian languages	5	5	5	55	30	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	55	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	35	30	645	340	300
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	15	300	175	125
Portuguese	20	10	10	125	70	60
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Spanish	15	10	5	200	95	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	20	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	130	60	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	10	195	90	110
Chinese languages	30	15	15	200	85	110
Cantonese	10	5	5	75	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	80	40	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	5	20	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	10	235	110	120
Estonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Finnish	5	5	0	60	25	35
Hungarian	15	10	5	140	75	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	20	20	480	225	250
English and French	25	10	15	165	65	95
English and non-official language	20	10	10	295	145	145
French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	10,945	5,530	5,415	84,195	41,120	43,075
Single responses	10,880	5,495	5,385	83,550	40,810	42,735
Official languages	10,800	5,450	5,345	82,675	40,380	42,305
English	10,770	5,445	5,325	82,415	40,235	42,175
French	25	10	20	265	140	125
Non-official languages	80	40	40	870	435	435
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80	40	40	870	430	435
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	5	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	40	20	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	40	20	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	20	495	250	245
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	130	75	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	130	70	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Polish	10	5	5	60	30	30
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ukrainian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	90	50	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	5	5	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	55	30	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	90	50	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	40	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	135	65	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Portuguese	0	0	5	10	5	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	5	5	5	75	40	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	10	110	50	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	5	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	105	55	50
Chinese languages	10	5	5	105	55	50
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	65	40	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	0	40	20	15
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	30	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	35	30	645	305	335
English and French	15	10	10	75	35	45
English and non-official language	45	25	20	555	270	285
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	10,940	5,525	5,415	84,195	41,120	43,075
None	10,690	5,415	5,275	81,580	39,915	41,660
English	40	15	25	475	245	225
French	70	40	35	800	365	435
Non-official language	140	60	80	1,310	575	730
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	15	20
Non-Aboriginal	140	60	80	1,275	565	710
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,115	4,595	4,520	69,570	33,890	35,685
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,064	46,930	31,304	33,927	41,992	27,474
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,125	4,600	4,520	69,605	33,890	35,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,859	41,000	28,315	30,803	37,293	25,289
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,530	4,365	4,165	62,570	31,115	31,455
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,175	44,000	27,345	30,061	38,514	23,062
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,305	2,950	3,355	52,335	23,995	28,340
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,661	7,523	6,306	8,682	8,708	8,652
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,935	3,660	3,270	47,435	24,885	22,545
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,120	40,640	28,699	29,238	34,659	25,031
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,055	4,585	4,470	69,480	33,870	35,610
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,433	61,823	38,747	44,337	53,166	35,940
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,060	4,590	4,470	69,520	33,875	35,645
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,704	50,128	33,061	37,222	43,764	31,005
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,510	4,395	4,110	62,560	31,100	31,460
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,729	59,069	35,612	41,558	50,899	32,325
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,305	2,925	3,380	52,260	23,915	28,345
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,018	8,152	7,901	9,201	9,112	9,275
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,935	3,695	3,235	47,435	24,810	22,620
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,863	51,469	35,179	39,636	45,470	33,237
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,280	1,950	1,330	21,690	12,365	9,320
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	57,367	64,906	46,887	50,282	57,229	42,683
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,443	73,232	56,474	59,623	66,400	50,630
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.2	91.5	85.3	84.4	87.8	79.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.5	66.8	66.1	61.1	63.2	58.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.9	8.5	14.7	15.6	12.2	20.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
Without total income	310	140	170	2,465	1,140	1,330
With total income	9,120	4,600	4,515	69,570	33,885	35,685
Percentage with total income	96.7	97.0	96.3	96.6	96.7	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,155	460	695	8,805	3,480	5,325
$10,000 to $19,999	1,350	520	825	12,245	4,560	7,680
$20,000 to $29,999	1,105	450	650	10,335	4,115	6,220
$30,000 to $39,999	1,055	475	580	8,700	3,960	4,735
$40,000 to $49,999	1,040	525	520	7,660	3,990	3,670
$50,000 to $59,999	790	440	350	5,755	3,270	2,485
$60,000 to $69,999	560	335	225	4,135	2,560	1,575
$70,000 to $79,999	460	280	180	2,985	1,920	1,065
$80,000 to $89,999	350	220	130	2,240	1,425	810
$90,000 to $99,999	355	225	130	1,990	1,195	800
$100,000 and over	900	665	230	4,715	3,400	1,315
$100,000 to $149,999	620	450	170	3,330	2,350	980
$150,000 and over	275	220	60	1,390	1,055	335
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
Without after-tax income	305	140	170	2,435	1,135	1,295
With after-tax income	9,120	4,600	4,525	69,605	33,890	35,715
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	97.0	96.5	96.6	96.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,210	470	745	9,285	3,550	5,740
$10,000 to $19,999	1,445	555	885	12,815	4,800	8,015
$20,000 to $29,999	1,270	530	740	11,900	4,915	6,985
$30,000 to $39,999	1,380	665	715	10,490	5,060	5,430
$40,000 to $49,999	1,105	595	510	8,215	4,520	3,695
$50,000 to $59,999	755	440	315	5,555	3,435	2,125
$60,000 to $69,999	580	380	205	3,745	2,445	1,305
$70,000 to $79,999	450	285	165	2,790	1,750	1,040
$80,000 and over	920	680	245	4,805	3,420	1,390
$80,000 to $89,999	320	215	105	1,725	1,115	610
$90,000 to $99,999	185	130	50	975	690	285
$100,000 and over	420	335	85	2,105	1,610	490
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
Without employment income	2,495	1,075	1,420	24,605	10,140	14,465
With employment income	6,935	3,665	3,270	47,435	24,885	22,550
Percentage with employment income	73.5	77.3	69.7	65.8	71.0	60.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,150	620	530	8,890	4,870	4,025
$5,000 to $9,999	590	265	325	4,010	1,805	2,205
$10,000 to $19,999	855	385	465	6,130	2,625	3,500
$20,000 to $29,999	625	255	370	5,095	2,125	2,970
$30,000 to $39,999	695	290	405	4,945	2,145	2,800
$40,000 to $49,999	570	265	305	4,140	2,080	2,060
$50,000 to $59,999	520	290	230	3,295	1,900	1,395
$60,000 to $69,999	375	230	150	2,370	1,520	850
$70,000 to $79,999	340	220	125	2,015	1,300	720
$80,000 and over	1,220	850	360	6,550	4,525	2,025
$80,000 to $89,999	250	150	105	1,575	1,015	560
$90,000 to $99,999	310	185	120	1,625	945	685
$100,000 and over	655	520	135	3,350	2,575	775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	88,124	...	...	70,208	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,032	...	...	62,187	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	775	...	...	9,030	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,088	...	...	34,747	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,336	...	...	31,541	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,500	...	...	26,655	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,826	...	...	83,490	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,453	...	...	73,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,275	...	...	35,690	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	106,777	...	...	86,327	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,376	...	...	72,509	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	745	...	...	9,010	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,288	...	...	45,135	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,454	...	...	38,126	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,535	...	...	26,675	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	119,087	...	...	100,238	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,462	...	...	84,121	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	365	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	855	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1,165	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	1,480	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...	1,325	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...	1,520	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	155	...	...	1,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	160	...	...	1,695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...	1,570	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	285	...	...	2,990	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	295	...	...	2,860	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	330	...	...	2,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	305	...	...	2,400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	2,105	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,815	...	...	10,675	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560	...	...	3,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	415	...	...	2,490	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	460	...	...	2,505	...	...
$200,000 and over	385	...	...	1,765	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,280	...	...	35,685	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	25	...	...	335	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	860	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1,220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	110	...	...	1,670	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	1,495	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	1,795	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	190	...	...	1,935	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	170	...	...	1,910	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...	1,905	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	365	...	...	3,575	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	3,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	395	...	...	3,095	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	360	...	...	2,505	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	255	...	...	2,055	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,375	...	...	7,515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	560	...	...	3,445	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	355	...	...	1,870	...	...
$150,000 and over	470	...	...	2,195	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,425	...	...	26,045	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,998	...	...	83,354	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,561	...	...	73,343	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,625	...	...	12,995	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,163	...	...	75,655	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,192	...	...	66,855	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,440	...	...	9,165	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,408	...	...	110,190	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,605	...	...	94,843	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	285	...	...	3,215	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,560	...	...	50,932	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,563	...	...	47,449	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,445	...	...	26,060	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	119,428	...	...	99,965	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,597	...	...	83,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,650	...	...	12,985	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,747	...	...	89,711	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,872	...	...	75,490	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,435	...	...	9,155	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,519	...	...	128,273	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,977	...	...	106,164	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	300	...	...	3,220	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,672	...	...	59,211	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,084	...	...	52,479	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,000	545	460	11,055	4,955	6,095
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,827	44,096	33,963	32,691	36,215	30,099
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,633	38,315	30,784	29,839	32,171	28,077
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,010	550	460	11,030	5,015	6,015
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,629	47,508	41,185	43,112	45,496	41,124
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,793	40,170	34,947	36,484	37,649	35,512
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	10,925	5,510	5,410	83,365	40,810	42,555
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,980	1,955	2,030	40,630	19,250	21,380
In the bottom decile	465	235	225	6,200	2,950	3,250
In the second decile	575	255	320	7,945	3,460	4,485
In the third decile	740	350	390	8,255	3,900	4,355
In the fourth decile	1,055	520	535	9,045	4,380	4,670
In the fifth decile	1,155	595	560	9,185	4,560	4,630
In the top half of the distribution	6,940	3,555	3,385	42,730	21,560	21,170
In the sixth decile	1,255	640	610	9,335	4,665	4,670
In the seventh decile	1,425	720	705	9,395	4,680	4,715
In the eighth decile	1,290	665	620	8,710	4,390	4,315
In the ninth decile	1,590	810	775	8,700	4,405	4,295
In the top decile	1,390	710	675	6,600	3,420	3,175
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	10,920	5,510	5,410	82,865	40,560	42,310
0 to 17 years	1,920	985	935	13,925	7,140	6,785
0 to 5 years	500	255	250	4,020	2,055	1,965
18 to 64 years	6,840	3,425	3,420	48,210	23,540	24,660
65 years and over	2,165	1,105	1,055	20,740	9,870	10,865
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	700	335	370	9,590	4,340	5,250
0 to 17 years	130	65	65	2,160	1,105	1,055
0 to 5 years	35	15	15	635	310	330
18 to 64 years	435	215	220	5,550	2,510	3,040
65 years and over	135	55	85	1,875	720	1,155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.4	6.1	6.8	11.6	10.7	12.4
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.6	7.0	15.5	15.5	15.5
0 to 5 years (%)	7.0	5.9	6.0	15.8	15.1	16.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.3	6.4	11.5	10.7	12.3
65 years and over (%)	6.2	5.0	8.1	9.0	7.3	10.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	225	120	105	3,455	1,675	1,775
0 to 17 years	35	15	20	670	360	310
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	185	90	100
18 to 64 years	170	90	80	2,520	1,215	1,310
65 years and over	20	10	10	260	105	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.1	2.2	1.9	4.2	4.1	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	1.8	1.5	2.1	4.8	5.0	4.6
0 to 5 years (%)	1.0	2.0	0.0	4.6	4.4	5.1
18 to 64 years (%)	2.5	2.6	2.3	5.2	5.2	5.3
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.3	1.1	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	10,925	5,515	5,415	83,365	40,810	42,555
Official languages	10,915	5,505	5,405	83,265	40,760	42,505
English	10,915	5,505	5,410	83,240	40,750	42,485
French	665	305	355	5,385	2,400	2,990
Non-official languages	605	280	320	5,055	2,355	2,705
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	60	20	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	50	10	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	45	10	35
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	40	10	35
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	605	280	320	5,005	2,335	2,670
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	85	45	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	85	40	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	50	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	10	20	10	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	170	45	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	155	40	115
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	25	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	35	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	50	25	20
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	465	235	230	3,900	1,880	2,020
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	20	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	75	25	50	660	330	330
Baltic languages	10	0	10	25	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	70	25	45	630	320	310
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	10	0	0	30	20	10
Czech	10	10	0	60	35	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Polish	35	10	25	290	145	150
Russian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ukrainian	30	10	15	105	45	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	190	105	85	1,555	715	840
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	15
Danish	0	10	0	40	15	25
Dutch	80	45	40	595	260	330
Frisian	10	10	0	20	25	0
German	115	60	55	875	410	465
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	0	175	100	75
Indo-Iranian languages	40	20	20	255	150	105
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	0	215	135	80
Bengali	10	0	0	30	10	15
Gujarati	0	10	0	65	45	25
Hindi	0	0	0	110	85	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	50	30	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Urdu	15	10	10	65	40	30
Iranian languages	20	10	10	45	15	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	15	45	15	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	75	75	1,365	630	740
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	45	20	510	275	235
Portuguese	15	10	0	135	70	70
Romanian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Spanish	85	35	45	760	320	440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	15	10	10	45	20	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	10	25	100	40	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	30	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	100	30	75
American Sign Language	10	0	10	60	10	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	15	255	105	150
Chinese languages	20	10	15	255	105	150
Cantonese	0	0	0	60	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	190	90	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	0	15	280	135	145
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	45	15	30
Hungarian	20	10	10	225	115	105
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	10,920	5,510	5,415	83,365	40,810	42,555
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	10,755	5,440	5,315	81,960	40,185	41,775
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,915	985	935	13,905	7,125	6,780
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,840	4,455	4,380	68,060	33,060	34,995
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	170	70	100	1,400	625	775
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	10,925	5,515	5,410	83,365	40,810	42,555
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,900	5,035	4,865	74,350	36,645	37,700
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,015	480	540	8,895	4,095	4,800
Before 1981	750	360	390	6,530	3,045	3,485
1981 to 1990	110	45	60	780	355	425
1991 to 2000	75	35	35	705	300	400
2001 to 2010	45	15	35	635	295	340
2001 to 2005	15	0	10	310	120	190
2006 to 2010	30	0	25	315	170	145
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	35	20	20	250	100	150
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	10	125	70	50
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,015	475	540	8,895	4,090	4,805
Under 5 years	185	85	105	1,360	705	655
5 to 14 years	245	120	130	2,060	920	1,140
15 to 24 years	265	130	135	2,300	1,015	1,285
25 to 44 years	260	115	145	2,835	1,305	1,530
45 years and over	55	30	30	340	150	190
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,020	475	540	8,895	4,090	4,800
Americas	125	60	65	1,400	570	830
Brazil	0	0	0	20	0	10
Colombia	15	10	0	60	30	25
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	130	50	80
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	10	0	10	170	75	95
Mexico	10	0	10	45	15	35
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	90	35	55
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	10	45	645	240	405
Other places of birth in Americas	30	25	10	215	105	105
Europe	745	350	395	6,320	3,015	3,300
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	10	0	20	15	0
France	0	0	0	60	30	30
Germany	70	35	40	515	240	275
Greece	0	10	0	80	60	25
Hungary	10	0	10	100	45	60
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	20	10	170	100	75
Italy	15	10	10	230	135	100
Netherlands	75	45	30	535	285	255
Poland	25	15	15	190	100	90
Portugal	0	0	0	75	45	30
Romania	0	0	0	35	10	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ukraine	0	0	10	35	10	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	455	190	265	3,785	1,695	2,090
Other places of birth in Europe	45	15	30	440	230	210
Africa	15	10	10	185	95	90
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	25	20	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	65	35	35
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	10	70	35	40
Asia	110	45	65	920	365	555
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	170	70	110
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	25	0	25
India	10	0	0	165	105	60
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	15	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	25	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	10	95	45	55
Lebanon	10	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	60	35	30
Philippines	10	0	10	150	35	115
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	40	20	20
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Taiwan	10	0	0	15	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	75	25	50
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	0	70	45	30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	15	20	250	95	150
Americas	10	0	10	75	20	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	50	10	40
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	10	10	10
Europe	0	0	10	20	10	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	135	55	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	50	15	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	45	30	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	0	20	15	0
Australia	20	15	10	20	15	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	10,925	5,515	5,410	83,365	40,810	42,555
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,050	490	560	9,335	4,320	5,015
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,660	850	810	13,085	6,345	6,740
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	8,220	4,175	4,040	60,945	30,145	30,805
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	285	125	160	2,535	1,130	1,405
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	145	75	75	1,220	605	620
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	75	55	20	500	330	175
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	75	20	60	725	275	450
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	105	40	60	1,060	385	670
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	25	10	15	210	110	100
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	40	25	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	10,925	5,515	5,410	83,365	40,810	42,550
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	225	90	130	2,275	1,030	1,245
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	215	85	125	2,230	1,000	1,225
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	150	60	85	1,510	680	830
Métis	70	25	45	705	310	390
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	10,700	5,420	5,275	81,085	39,780	41,305
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	10,925	5,515	5,410	83,365	40,810	42,555
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	100	40	60	1,000	440	560
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,825	5,475	5,350	82,365	40,370	41,990
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	10,925	5,510	5,415	83,365	40,810	42,555
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	40	15	30	635	305	330
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	40	15	25	635	305	330
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	10	25	530	250	275
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	95	40	55
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	425	205	220	3,145	1,445	1,705
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	415	195	220	3,120	1,435	1,685
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	145	135	2,315	1,070	1,245
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	35	70	740	330	410
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	15	65	35	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,455	5,290	5,165	79,580	39,065	40,515
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	10,920	5,510	5,410	83,365	40,810	42,555
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	335	155	180	2,870	1,340	1,535
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	15	15	495	255	240
Chinese	50	20	25	400	155	245
Black	90	55	25	835	440	390
Filipino	20	10	10	250	75	180
Latin American	20	0	10	200	95	100
Arab	15	0	10	40	15	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	0	70	35	35
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	10	40	15	20
Korean	55	20	30	165	75	90
Japanese	30	0	25	125	40	85
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	0	150	85	65
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	0	100	50	50
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,590	5,365	5,230	80,490	39,470	41,020
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	10,925	5,510	5,410	83,365	40,810	42,555
North American Aboriginal origins	465	215	245	3,785	1,745	2,040
First Nations (North American Indian)	320	160	160	2,875	1,335	1,540
Inuit	30	20	15	80	35	35
Métis	120	45	75	865	380	480
Other North American origins	4,500	2,355	2,145	31,835	15,840	15,990
Acadian	35	20	15	120	65	60
American	130	75	55	1,050	505	545
Canadian	4,375	2,285	2,090	31,080	15,475	15,610
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	20	10	115	50	65
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	30	15	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	0
European origins	8,325	4,185	4,140	65,245	31,695	33,550
British Isles origins	6,935	3,470	3,460	53,890	26,090	27,800
Channel Islander	0	0	0	30	15	20
Cornish	0	0	0	20	0	10
English	4,560	2,215	2,345	34,150	16,275	17,875
Irish	2,490	1,165	1,325	21,130	9,860	11,265
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	2,950	1,450	1,500	22,675	10,935	11,740
Welsh	200	110	95	2,065	1,000	1,065
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	400	215	190	3,030	1,450	1,580
French origins	1,020	530	490	8,915	4,210	4,700
Alsatian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,020	530	485	8,890	4,205	4,685
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,890	880	1,010	13,850	6,615	7,235
Austrian	105	40	65	525	225	300
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	15	35	380	195	190
Dutch	820	395	420	5,890	2,895	2,995
Flemish	30	15	10	50	30	25
Frisian	0	0	0	55	30	30
German	1,035	495	545	7,770	3,630	4,145
Luxembourger	10	10	0	10	10	0
Swiss	25	15	10	310	140	175
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	195	75	125	1,875	890	980
Danish	45	20	30	500	240	260
Finnish	45	25	20	310	150	160
Icelandic	0	10	0	75	35	40
Norwegian	20	10	10	380	195	185
Swedish	75	25	50	620	315	300
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	0	20	135	45	85
Eastern European origins	790	355	430	5,370	2,520	2,850
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Byelorussian	10	0	10	50	15	40
Czech	25	20	0	215	105	110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	45	25	20
Estonian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Hungarian	105	50	50	670	360	310
Latvian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Lithuanian	30	20	20	90	55	35
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	280	145	140	1,990	945	1,045
Romanian	55	30	30	210	90	125
Russian	85	40	45	460	215	235
Slovak	25	20	10	140	70	70
Ukrainian	265	75	190	1,955	865	1,085
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	35	0	25
Southern European origins	500	280	225	4,450	2,170	2,280
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	135	70	65
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	35	20	15	385	175	210
Italian	350	195	155	2,480	1,230	1,250
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	10	105	50	55
Maltese	30	20	10	245	130	120
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	25	20	520	235	285
Serbian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	65	30	30
Slovenian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Spanish	40	30	15	500	215	285
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	65	40	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins	40	25	10	390	205	185
Basque	0	0	0	15	15	0
Jewish	0	0	10	100	60	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	30	10	245	125	120
Caribbean origins	95	55	40	780	395	390
Antiguan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Barbadian	10	10	0	75	40	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Jamaican	65	40	25	365	185	180
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	10	20	170	75	90
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	30	15	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	85	50	40
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	20	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	40	15	25	480	220	260
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	20	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Argentinian	0	0	0	50	15	30
Belizean	10	0	10	10	0	15
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chilean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Colombian	15	10	0	70	40	35
Costa Rican	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	110	45	65
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	10	20	70	30	40
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	10
African origins	30	20	10	455	220	235
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	45	0	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	10
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	0	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	10	10	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	45	25	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	10	0	130	70	65
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	10	0	0	90	45	45
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	20	10	15
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	250	120	130
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	10	0	235	110	125
Asian origins	310	140	165	2,190	980	1,210
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	90	45	35	410	210	200
Afghan	10	0	10	40	15	20
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	50	25	20
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	30	10	105	70	35
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	0	10	50	20	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	10
South Asian origins	45	25	20	625	325	305
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	20	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	20	20	460	230	235
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	55	40	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	30	10	20
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	180	70	115	1,210	465	740
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	50	25	25	560	220	340
Filipino	15	10	15	240	60	175
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Japanese	35	0	30	170	60	110
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	20	30	155	75	80
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	15	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	10	10	40	20	15
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	125	75	55
Australian	0	0	0	95	55	40
New Zealander	10	0	0	20	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
Owner	4,030	...	...	28,920	...	...
Renter	245	...	...	6,760	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	1,660	...	...
Not condominium	4,265	...	...	34,025	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	100	...	...
1 bedroom	135	...	...	2,660	...	...
2 bedrooms	785	...	...	8,690	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,975	...	...	14,860	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,375	...	...	9,375	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	325	...	...	5,425	...	...
5 rooms	520	...	...	5,150	...	...
6 rooms	725	...	...	5,875	...	...
7 rooms	735	...	...	5,925	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,970	...	...	13,310	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.5	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,280	...	...	35,685	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,255	...	...	35,555	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
Suitable	4,180	...	...	34,795	...	...
Not suitable	90	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
1960 or before	1,150	...	...	11,570	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,260	...	...	8,825	...	...
1981 to 1990	785	...	...	4,440	...	...
1991 to 2000	600	...	...	4,160	...	...
2001 to 2005	255	...	...	2,430	...	...
2006 to 2010	120	...	...	2,300	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	110	...	...	1,965	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,955	...	...	33,150	...	...
Major repairs needed	325	...	...	2,540	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,280	...	...	35,685	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,285	...	...	20,445	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,950	...	...	14,855	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	40	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,275	...	...	35,685	...	...
15 to 24 years	30	...	...	440	...	...
25 to 34 years	330	...	...	2,940	...	...
35 to 44 years	565	...	...	4,295	...	...
45 to 54 years	915	...	...	6,395	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,150	...	...	8,595	...	...
65 to 74 years	825	...	...	7,540	...	...
75 to 84 years	355	...	...	4,040	...	...
85 years and over	115	...	...	1,445	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,155	...	...	34,615	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,545	...	...	26,690	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	615	...	...	7,925	...	...
30% to less than 100%	555	...	...	7,170	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,930	...	...	27,985	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.5	...	...	56.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.4	...	...	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,172	...	...	1,068	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,303	...	...	1,205	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	348,564	...	...	299,344	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	386,937	...	...	339,962	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	6,665	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	14.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.2	...	...	48.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,002	...	...	944	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	980	...	...	977	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,565	860	705	13,215	7,180	6,035
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,730	1,385	1,345	22,220	10,770	11,450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,135	2,495	2,640	36,605	17,070	19,530
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,015	775	235	6,400	4,825	1,575
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	400	250	145	2,660	1,675	985
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	615	525	95	3,740	3,145	590
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,540	1,050	1,490	18,270	7,125	11,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	165	50	115	1,325	540	780
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,410	615	800	10,615	4,580	6,030
Bachelor's degree	1,015	405	605	7,440	2,940	4,495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	40	55	755	330	425
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	30	10	240	185	60
Master's degree	225	120	105	1,845	910	935
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	15	30	335	215	115
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,900	2,910	2,995	42,610	20,575	22,030
No certificate, diploma or degree	500	320	175	4,725	2,855	1,870
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,630	865	765	13,100	6,745	6,360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,775	1,725	2,050	24,780	10,975	13,805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	675	500	175	3,900	2,985	915
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	255	165	95	1,630	1,065	565
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	420	340	80	2,275	1,925	350
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,015	800	1,215	13,190	5,075	8,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	40	70	675	275	400
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	975	385	590	7,020	2,640	4,370
Bachelor's degree	720	260	460	5,105	1,800	3,300
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	30	35	470	180	290
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	25	0	160	115	50
Master's degree	145	65	80	1,120	465	660
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	10	15	155	85	75
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,295	2,245	2,050	35,435	17,950	17,480
Education	410	110	300	2,685	705	1,975
13. Education	410	110	300	2,680	700	1,975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	40	65	1,320	570	750
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	250	195	55
50. Visual and performing arts	80	25	60	1,070	375	700
Humanities	115	35	80	1,765	690	1,075
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	110	30	85
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30	560	130	430
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	365	140	225
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	110	75	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	185	120	65
54. History	25	10	15	345	180	155
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	85	15	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	520	155	365	4,175	1,170	3,000
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	65	20	55
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	15	25	350	150	205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	0	110	1,045	65	985
22. Legal professions and studies	95	20	70	775	180	595
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	20	130	25	105
42. Psychology	70	20	50	635	165	470
45. Social sciences	170	95	70	1,170	580	590
Business, management and public administration	910	255	655	6,265	2,020	4,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	30	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	0	80	815	95	720
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	820	250	565	5,415	1,910	3,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	55	100	965	505	455
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	75	15	55	415	135	280
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	150	85	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	15	10	0
40. Physical sciences	35	15	20	265	200	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	115	75	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	35	55	860	390	465
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	30	35	630	310	315
25. Library science	25	0	20	85	10	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	140	70	70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,425	1,375	45	8,345	7,925	420
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	10	190	140	50
14. Engineering	125	125	10	760	695	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	275	250	25	1,880	1,740	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	390	385	10	2,195	2,145	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	415	405	0	2,250	2,165	80
48. Precision production	190	190	0	1,065	1,040	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	110	55	1,145	750	395
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	70	35	785	505	285
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	45	20	365	250	115
Health and related fields	780	110	670	6,085	840	5,245
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	20	55	530	185	340
51. Health professions and related programs	700	85	615	5,505	610	4,890
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	55	40	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	460	205	260	2,990	1,500	1,485
12. Personal and culinary services	230	25	200	1,375	260	1,110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	190	135	60	1,075	730	350
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	495	475	20
Other	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,900	2,910	2,990	42,610	20,575	22,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,130	1,185	945	17,825	9,600	8,230
Education	265	75	195	1,505	390	1,120
13. Education	265	75	190	1,510	390	1,115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	20	40	905	375	535
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	160	125	40
50. Visual and performing arts	55	10	40	745	250	495
Humanities	80	20	60	1,025	340	690
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	70	15	55
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	285	45	240
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	205	75	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	70	40	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	125	75	50
54. History	25	0	20	205	90	120
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	45	10	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	380	95	285	3,030	690	2,335
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	55	10	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	0	25	250	95	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	100	825	35	790
22. Legal professions and studies	70	15	60	595	110	485
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	100	20	90
42. Psychology	40	15	30	425	90	335
45. Social sciences	110	60	50	775	335	440
Business, management and public administration	670	170	500	4,245	1,255	2,990
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	0	65	620	45	570
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	600	165	435	3,610	1,215	2,400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	35	85	645	295	355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	10	50	310	105	205
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	10	105	55	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	30	10	20	145	90	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	75	40	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	30	30	620	270	355
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	25	25	480	225	260
25. Library science	15	10	10	50	10	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	80	40	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,010	970	40	5,500	5,175	330
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	10	120	80	40
14. Engineering	75	70	10	430	380	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	220	195	20	1,240	1,105	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	290	285	10	1,510	1,475	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	265	0	1,505	1,455	50
48. Precision production	135	135	0	695	680	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	135	90	45	820	515	310
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	75	50	25	545	335	210
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	35	20	275	180	100
Health and related fields	590	55	535	4,230	555	3,675
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	15	40	390	130	255
51. Health professions and related programs	530	40	490	3,810	400	3,410
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	40	30	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	400	165	235	2,225	1,100	1,125
12. Personal and culinary services	210	25	190	1,015	185	830
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	150	100	55	830	550	280
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	365	360	10
Other	0	0	0	10	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,295	2,250	2,050	35,435	17,950	17,485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,135	2,490	2,640	36,605	17,075	19,530
Location of study inside Canada	4,835	2,320	2,510	33,580	15,485	18,095
Same as province or territory of residence	4,585	2,205	2,385	31,470	14,475	17,005
Different than province or territory of residence	250	120	130	2,105	1,015	1,085
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	305	175	130	3,030	1,585	1,440
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	45	50	865	425	440
Philippines	0	10	10	90	30	60
India	0	0	0	50	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	105	65	40	1,065	615	450
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	60	25	40
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	90	60	35	900	465	435
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,905	2,905	2,990	42,610	20,575	22,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,130	1,190	945	17,825	9,600	8,230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,770	1,725	2,050	24,780	10,975	13,805
Location of study inside Canada	3,590	1,635	1,960	23,325	10,310	13,020
Same as province or territory of residence	3,460	1,565	1,890	22,085	9,715	12,375
Different than province or territory of residence	135	65	70	1,240	600	640
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	175	90	90	1,455	670	790
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	25	25	515	225	295
Philippines	0	10	0	65	25	45
India	0	0	0	35	20	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	70	35	30	305	150	150
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	60	25	35
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	50	25	25	470	215	250
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
In the labour force	6,015	3,145	2,870	40,880	21,010	19,875
Employed	5,560	2,915	2,640	37,880	19,405	18,475
Unemployed	455	225	225	3,000	1,600	1,400
Not in the labour force	3,415	1,595	1,820	31,160	14,020	17,140
Participation rate	63.8	66.4	61.2	56.7	60.0	53.7
Employment rate	59.0	61.5	56.3	52.6	55.4	49.9
Unemployment rate	7.6	7.2	7.8	7.3	7.6	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,430	4,740	4,690	72,040	35,025	37,015
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,020	1,315	1,700	28,850	12,785	16,065
Worked	6,415	3,420	2,990	43,185	22,240	20,950
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,345	1,995	1,355	22,350	12,755	9,590
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,065	1,430	1,630	20,840	9,480	11,360
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.1	43.2	43.0	43.1	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	6,015	3,145	2,870	40,885	21,005	19,875
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	80	35	45	785	390	395
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,930	3,110	2,825	40,095	20,620	19,480
Employee	5,040	2,560	2,480	34,330	17,205	17,125
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	890	550	340	5,765	3,415	2,350
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	6,015	3,145	2,870	40,880	21,005	19,875
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	85	35	50	785	390	395
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,930	3,110	2,825	40,095	20,620	19,480
0 Management occupations	675	400	275	4,395	2,555	1,840
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	695	115	585	4,945	1,180	3,760
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	265	200	60	1,660	1,265	390
3 Health occupations	460	45	420	2,770	420	2,350
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	565	190	380	4,575	1,500	3,075
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	115	30	85	975	405	570
6 Sales and service occupations	1,285	500	785	9,445	3,580	5,865
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,190	1,145	45	7,170	6,730	435
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	130	100	30	1,055	835	220
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	535	380	155	3,105	2,135	970
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	6,010	3,145	2,870	40,880	21,005	19,875
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	85	35	45	785	390	395
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,935	3,110	2,820	40,100	20,620	19,475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	170	130	40	1,305	935	370
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	25	10	180	165	15
22 Utilities	255	215	40	1,005	855	155
23 Construction	710	605	105	3,705	3,240	465
31-33 Manufacturing	785	530	250	4,945	3,435	1,510
41 Wholesale trade	180	105	75	1,150	765	385
44-45 Retail trade	740	310	430	5,020	2,140	2,885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	190	150	35	1,665	1,245	415
51 Information and cultural industries	70	35	35	535	260	280
52 Finance and insurance	110	20	85	960	320	645
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	50	25	680	360	320
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	265	110	160	1,970	945	1,020
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	20	15	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	255	150	105	1,815	1,010	810
61 Educational services	385	120	265	2,570	745	1,825
62 Health care and social assistance	730	75	655	4,810	600	4,210
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	30	70	760	330	430
72 Accommodation and food services	355	130	225	2,825	1,045	1,780
81 Other services (except public administration)	235	130	105	1,895	905	985
91 Public administration	285	180	100	2,280	1,315	965
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,560	2,920	2,640	37,885	19,405	18,475
Worked at home	440	240	200	3,620	1,840	1,775
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	105	65	35
No fixed workplace address	750	545	205	4,965	3,610	1,360
Worked at usual place	4,360	2,125	2,235	29,190	13,890	15,300
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,355	2,125	2,235	29,190	13,890	15,305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	350	190	160	9,805	4,280	5,520
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,495	1,045	1,445	8,300	3,640	4,655
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,505	880	625	11,000	5,890	5,105
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	10	95	70	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	5,110	2,670	2,440	34,160	17,495	16,660
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,680	2,500	2,175	29,220	15,160	14,060
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	260	100	160	2,025	950	1,075
Public transit	60	20	40	625	235	390
Walked	70	30	40	1,725	810	910
Bicycle	10	0	0	175	120	60
Other method	35	10	25	390	220	170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	5,110	2,665	2,440	34,155	17,495	16,665
Less than 15 minutes	1,520	650	870	11,570	5,240	6,330
15 to 29 minutes	1,690	830	860	9,520	4,615	4,905
30 to 44 minutes	755	440	315	5,880	3,140	2,745
45 to 59 minutes	505	305	200	3,110	1,695	1,415
60 minutes and over	640	445	190	4,080	2,805	1,270
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	5,110	2,665	2,440	34,155	17,495	16,660
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	535	405	130	3,335	2,335	1,000
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,250	850	395	6,910	4,475	2,435
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,215	550	670	8,355	4,050	4,310
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	885	280	605	6,225	2,180	4,050
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	455	155	300	3,165	1,075	2,085
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	770	435	335	6,165	3,385	2,780
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,595	3,495	3,100	44,440	22,780	21,655
Single responses	6,580	3,490	3,090	44,295	22,735	21,565
Official languages	6,575	3,485	3,085	44,250	22,710	21,540
English	6,560	3,490	3,075	44,130	22,680	21,455
French	15	0	10	115	30	85
Non-official languages	10	10	0	50	20	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	10	140	50	90
English and French	10	10	10	45	10	30
English and non-official language	10	0	0	90	30	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,595	3,495	3,095	44,440	22,780	21,655
None	6,495	3,460	3,040	43,650	22,420	21,230
English	10	0	10	100	25	75
French	65	25	40	515	240	270
Non-official language	30	15	15	175	95	80
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	30	15	15	165	90	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	10,850	5,460	5,390	82,745	40,480	42,270
Non-movers	9,845	4,980	4,865	72,900	35,690	37,205
Movers	1,005	480	530	9,850	4,790	5,055
Non-migrants	215	115	100	3,245	1,495	1,750
Migrants	790	360	425	6,605	3,295	3,310
Internal migrants	785	360	425	6,465	3,230	3,240
Intraprovincial migrants	745	350	395	6,065	3,015	3,055
Interprovincial migrants	40	10	30	400	220	185
External migrants	0	0	0	140	65	75
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	10,545	5,300	5,245	80,030	39,080	40,950
Non-movers	7,680	3,930	3,745	51,930	25,620	26,310
Movers	2,865	1,375	1,495	28,100	13,455	14,645
Non-migrants	920	440	485	9,840	4,585	5,250
Migrants	1,950	935	1,015	18,260	8,875	9,390
Internal migrants	1,890	915	980	17,695	8,605	9,090
Intraprovincial migrants	1,835	890	945	16,650	8,075	8,575
Interprovincial migrants	60	20	35	1,045	530	515
External migrants	55	25	30	570	265	305

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hamilton, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario and Northumberland, CTY [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Northumberland, County [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hamilton, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Northumberland, County [Census division], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Northumberland, County [Census division], Ontario