Census Profile, 2016 Census
Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Peterborough, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Montcalm, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	81,032	...	...	1,260	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	78,777 ^r	...	...	1,309	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.9	...	...	-3.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	36,785	...	...	527	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34,710	...	...	491	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,261.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	64.25	...	...	468.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	81,030	38,170	42,865	1,260	645	610
0 to 14 years	11,795	6,005	5,790	220	120	100
0 to 4 years	4,070	2,075	2,000	75	50	25
5 to 9 years	4,020	1,995	2,030	80	35	50
10 to 14 years	3,695	1,935	1,765	60	35	25
15 to 64 years	51,130	24,585	26,545	855	430	425
15 to 19 years	4,475	2,220	2,250	80	40	45
20 to 24 years	6,170	2,995	3,175	75	35	40
25 to 29 years	5,540	2,725	2,820	85	40	40
30 to 34 years	5,000	2,470	2,535	75	35	35
35 to 39 years	4,435	2,160	2,280	75	40	35
40 to 44 years	4,275	2,145	2,135	60	30	30
45 to 49 years	4,530	2,105	2,430	90	40	50
50 to 54 years	5,465	2,585	2,885	120	60	55
55 to 59 years	5,785	2,640	3,135	115	60	50
60 to 64 years	5,445	2,545	2,905	85	40	40
65 years and over	18,110	7,580	10,530	185	100	90
65 to 69 years	5,210	2,370	2,840	75	45	30
70 to 74 years	3,905	1,720	2,190	45	25	25
75 to 79 years	3,060	1,305	1,755	25	10	10
80 to 84 years	2,640	1,105	1,535	20	10	10
85 years and over	3,295	1,085	2,210	20	5	15
85 to 89 years	2,020	760	1,260	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	980	270	715	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	260	55	200	5	0	5
100 years and over	30	5	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.7	13.5	17.5	18.6	16.4
15 to 64 years	63.1	64.4	61.9	67.9	66.7	69.7
65 years and over	22.3	19.9	24.6	14.7	15.5	14.8
85 years and over	4.1	2.8	5.2	1.6	0.8	2.5
Average age of the population	43.5	41.8	45.0	40.3	40.1	40.5
Median age of the population	43.6	41.2	45.9	42.1	42.7	41.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
Single-detached house	20,135	...	...	445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,515	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,055	...	...	40	...	...
Semi-detached house	770	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	2,810	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,575	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,855	...	...	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
1 person	10,915	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	12,730	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	5,035	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	4,010	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	2,025	...	...	40	...	...
Number of persons in private households	78,530	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	69,240	32,165	37,070	1,040	525	515
Married or living common law	35,970	17,925	18,045	700	350	350
Married	28,610	14,275	14,330	615	305	305
Living common law	7,370	3,655	3,715	85	45	45
Not married and not living common law	33,265	14,235	19,025	340	175	165
Never married	19,855	10,305	9,550	240	135	105
Separated	2,515	980	1,540	20	10	10
Divorced	5,315	1,890	3,425	40	25	15
Widowed	5,575	1,065	4,515	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	22,095	...	...	365	...	...
2 persons	12,580	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	4,540	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	3,615	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	1,360	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	22,090	...	...	365	...	...
Total couple families	17,570	...	...	330	...	...
Married couples	13,885	...	...	285	...	...
Common-law couples	3,680	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,525	...	...	35	...	...
Female parent	3,695	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	830	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	17,565	...	...	330	...	...
Couples without children	9,705	...	...	195	...	...
Couples with children	7,865	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	3,325	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	3,275	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	1,265	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,525	...	...	35	...	...
1 child	2,885	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	1,215	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	430	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	18,075	7,945	10,130	155	100	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
One-census-family households	21,155	...	...	355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,340	...	...	195	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,815	...	...	165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	465	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,090	...	...	130	...	...
One-person households	10,910	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,175	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	79,240	37,560	41,675	1,260	645	610
English only	72,785	34,870	37,915	635	320	320
French only	15	10	10	5	0	5
English and French	6,190	2,580	3,610	610	320	290
Neither English nor French	240	95	140	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	79,235	37,560	41,675	1,260	645	615
English	78,065	37,095	40,970	795	385	410
French	850	350	500	455	255	200
English and French	100	40	65	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	225	85	140	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	895	370	530	460	255	200
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.0	1.3	36.5	39.5	32.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	79,240	37,560	41,680	1,260	650	615
Single responses	78,595	37,255	41,335	1,235	635	600
Official languages	73,595	34,890	38,705	1,035	535	505
English	72,700	34,540	38,165	580	275	310
French	895	355	540	455	255	200
Non-official languages	4,995	2,360	2,630	195	100	95
Aboriginal languages	40	20	20	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	40	15	20	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,950	2,345	2,610	190	95	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	155	130	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	260	145	120	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	235	130	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	85	95	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	55	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	200	75	120	5	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	45	85	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	145	80	70	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tamil	65	35	35	0	0	0
Telugu	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,150	1,485	1,665	185	95	90
Albanian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	635	285	350	10	5	5
Baltic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	610	275	335	10	5	5
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	50	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	325	135	190	0	0	0
Russian	85	45	35	10	5	0
Serbian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	875	380	495	170	90	85
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	320	130	190	5	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	475	215	265	170	85	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	45	45	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	770	415	360	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	625	345	280	0	0	0
Bengali	60	30	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	190	105	85	0	0	0
Hindi	95	55	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	5	10	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	130	65	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	115	65	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	25	10	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	115	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	700	325	375	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	260	135	125	0	0	0
Portuguese	80	35	50	5	0	0
Romanian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Spanish	305	135	175	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	160	75	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	535	255	285	0	0	0
Chinese languages	510	245	270	0	0	0
Cantonese	160	80	75	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	290	140	155	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	5	0	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	135	55	75	0	0	5
Estonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	80	40	40	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	640	300	340	25	15	10
English and French	210	85	125	20	10	10
English and non-official language	405	210	195	5	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	10	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	79,235	37,560	41,680	1,260	650	610
Single responses	78,190	37,035	41,160	1,240	640	600
Official languages	76,335	36,125	40,205	1,110	570	540
English	76,070	36,010	40,055	825	425	400
French	270	115	155	280	140	145
Non-official languages	1,860	905	950	130	70	60
Aboriginal languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,850	900	945	130	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	80	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	75	80	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	145	75	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	55	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	40	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	30	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	925	450	470	125	65	60
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	85	95	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	90	90	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	125	60	70	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	30	40	120	65	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	20	30	125	65	55
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	435	225	210	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	350	185	170	0	0	0
Bengali	40	20	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	110	60	45	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	40	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	60	30	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	205	95	110	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	105	50	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	60	60	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	25	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	315	155	165	0	0	0
Chinese languages	300	150	150	0	0	0
Cantonese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	105	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	10	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,045	525	520	25	10	15
English and French	60	35	25	20	10	10
English and non-official language	950	480	475	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	79,240	37,560	41,680	1,260	650	615
None	75,435	35,805	39,630	780	400	375
English	980	485	490	260	130	130
French	1,015	415	605	180	95	85
Non-official language	1,725	805	925	40	15	20
Aboriginal	60	25	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,665	780	885	40	20	20
English and French	10	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	20	10	5	0	5
French and non-official language	50	30	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	66,780	31,300	35,475	975	500	475
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,460	30,155	34,305	930	485	445
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,040	34,326	26,904	36,907	43,563	30,848
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,475	30,155	34,315	935	485	450
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,691	31,198	25,254	32,416	37,723	27,776
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,320	26,645	29,670	890	475	420
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,453	32,749	23,031	34,176	41,387	27,824
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,715	22,370	28,345	610	280	330
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,553	6,554	8,077	5,204	4,624	5,496
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,275	22,140	22,135	770	420	345
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,058	29,275	25,334	31,936	39,936	26,304
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	66,785	31,320	35,465	965	470	490
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,515	30,190	34,330	920	460	455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,693	45,832	34,294	41,204	49,542	32,784
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,535	30,185	34,350	920	460	460
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,945	38,530	29,915	34,877	40,901	28,794
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,190	26,715	29,475	850	450	405
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,886	45,219	31,239	38,454	45,102	31,031
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,670	22,345	28,330	580	265	315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,525	7,855	9,053	8,649	9,706	7,771
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,325	22,180	22,145	745	400	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,761	41,513	32,002	35,957	41,942	29,039
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	66,785	31,320	35,465	965	475	495
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	19,105	10,110	8,995	355	225	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,252	53,291	45,096	43,078	45,814	39,524
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,893	63,604	51,474	47,504	50,485	42,220
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.1	87.0	78.8	89.0	91.4	84.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.7	66.4	60.7	71.0	75.0	65.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.9	13.0	21.2	11.2	8.3	15.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	66,780	31,305	35,480	975	500	475
Without total income	2,315	1,145	1,170	45	15	25
With total income	64,460	30,160	34,305	935	485	450
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.3	96.7	95.9	97.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,700	4,045	4,650	105	35	70
$10,000 to $19,999	13,170	5,300	7,870	125	50	70
$20,000 to $29,999	10,330	4,130	6,190	140	60	75
$30,000 to $39,999	8,250	3,670	4,575	130	55	75
$40,000 to $49,999	6,285	2,995	3,290	135	85	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,770	2,460	2,305	95	55	40
$60,000 to $69,999	3,480	1,895	1,585	65	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,455	1,375	1,075	55	45	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,855	1,095	765	30	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,685	900	780	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	3,490	2,280	1,210	35	25	10
$100,000 to $149,999	2,525	1,565	960	20	10	10
$150,000 and over	965	715	250	15	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	66,775	31,305	35,480	975	500	475
Without after-tax income	2,300	1,140	1,155	45	20	25
With after-tax income	64,480	30,160	34,320	930	480	450
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.3	96.7	95.4	96.0	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,975	4,100	4,880	110	40	70
$10,000 to $19,999	13,670	5,515	8,145	135	60	80
$20,000 to $29,999	12,060	4,915	7,140	180	75	100
$30,000 to $39,999	9,270	4,290	4,985	170	90	80
$40,000 to $49,999	6,905	3,450	3,450	130	75	50
$50,000 to $59,999	4,600	2,455	2,145	85	60	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,040	1,785	1,255	65	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,315	1,295	1,025	25	20	5
$80,000 and over	3,645	2,355	1,285	35	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,410	800	605	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	715	460	255	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,515	1,090	425	20	15	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	66,780	31,300	35,480	975	500	475
Without employment income	22,505	9,160	13,345	205	75	130
With employment income	44,275	22,145	22,135	765	420	345
Percentage with employment income	66.3	70.8	62.4	78.5	84.0	72.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,845	4,250	3,595	90	50	45
$5,000 to $9,999	4,030	1,760	2,270	75	40	35
$10,000 to $19,999	6,460	2,890	3,575	95	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	5,250	2,350	2,900	95	40	60
$30,000 to $39,999	4,845	2,210	2,635	100	45	55
$40,000 to $49,999	3,640	1,735	1,905	95	55	35
$50,000 to $59,999	2,985	1,530	1,455	75	45	25
$60,000 to $69,999	2,230	1,235	1,005	40	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,635	890	740	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	5,350	3,290	2,055	60	50	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,405	820	590	25	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,450	730	720	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	2,495	1,750	750	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	34,710	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,127	...	...	71,595	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,195	...	...	62,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,915	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,632	...	...	38,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,410	...	...	33,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,800	...	...	370	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,813	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,984	...	...	71,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,774	...	...	77,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,111	...	...	65,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,905	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,217	...	...	48,966	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,600	...	...	39,510	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,800	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,154	...	...	83,356	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,178	...	...	70,992	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	460	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	485	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,365	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,795	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,000	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,775	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,805	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,810	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,790	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,590	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,005	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,625	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,350	...	...	40	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,950	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,700	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,195	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,015	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,940	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,910	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,325	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
Under $5,000	485	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	490	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,385	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,865	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,240	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,985	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,065	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,060	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,005	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,945	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,380	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,955	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,410	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,045	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,560	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,855	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,715	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,425	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,715	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	22,050	...	...	365	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,064	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,642	...	...	71,424	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,155	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,472	...	...	81,237	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,925	...	...	68,864	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,980	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,794	...	...	91,819	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,386	...	...	79,616	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,260	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,252	...	...	55,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,200	...	...	49,536	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	22,085	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,635	...	...	83,351	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,151	...	...	70,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,100	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,951	...	...	77,967	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,914	...	...	67,142	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,055	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,160	...	...	100,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,643	...	...	84,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,220	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,574	...	...	53,628	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,645	...	...	47,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,365	7,245	9,120	140	95	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,155	24,354	25,649	35,520	41,792	31,296
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,952	23,071	24,414	32,032	35,456	28,864
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,215	7,335	8,875	125	80	40
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,498	34,797	34,250	44,343	39,683	53,481
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,035	29,769	30,254	36,312	32,228	44,318
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	78,530	37,275	41,255	1,160	595	560
In the bottom half of the distribution	45,015	20,825	24,190	635	330	305
In the bottom decile	10,860	5,225	5,640	75	40	35
In the second decile	9,760	4,170	5,590	110	50	60
In the third decile	8,455	3,875	4,575	150	75	80
In the fourth decile	8,165	3,870	4,295	155	80	75
In the fifth decile	7,775	3,685	4,095	140	85	55
In the top half of the distribution	33,515	16,455	17,060	525	270	255
In the sixth decile	7,515	3,595	3,920	125	70	60
In the seventh decile	7,390	3,600	3,790	120	60	60
In the eighth decile	6,805	3,355	3,450	110	60	50
In the ninth decile	6,680	3,320	3,360	115	60	55
In the top decile	5,125	2,580	2,545	50	20	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	78,530	37,275	41,255	1,160	600	565
0 to 17 years	14,115	7,170	6,950	230	120	110
0 to 5 years	4,840	2,470	2,370	85	50	30
18 to 64 years	48,240	23,060	25,180	755	385	375
65 years and over	16,170	7,045	9,130	175	95	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,645	6,560	8,085	130	65	65
0 to 17 years	3,375	1,730	1,645	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	1,330	685	650	15	15	5
18 to 64 years	9,330	4,250	5,085	70	35	35
65 years and over	1,940	585	1,350	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.6	17.6	19.6	11.2	10.8	11.5
0 to 17 years (%)	23.9	24.1	23.7	15.2	12.5	18.2
0 to 5 years (%)	27.5	27.7	27.4	17.6	30.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	19.3	18.4	20.2	9.3	9.1	9.3
65 years and over (%)	12.0	8.3	14.8	14.3	10.5	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,670	4,280	4,390	55	35	25
0 to 17 years	1,580	825	755	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	650	335	315	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	6,760	3,340	3,420	30	20	15
65 years and over	330	115	215	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.0	11.5	10.6	4.7	5.8	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	11.2	11.5	10.9	6.5	8.3	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	13.4	13.6	13.3	11.8	10.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.0	14.5	13.6	4.0	5.2	4.0
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.6	2.4	5.7	5.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	78,530	37,290	41,240	1,160	585	580
Official languages	78,270	37,170	41,100	1,145	570	575
English	78,255	37,155	41,100	1,125	555	570
French	6,275	2,700	3,580	625	290	330
Non-official languages	6,740	3,155	3,580	155	90	65
Aboriginal languages	110	60	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	100	50	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	95	55	40	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,630	3,095	3,535	155	95	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	455	275	180	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	440	265	170	0	0	0
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	350	210	140	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	20	15	0	0	0
Maltese	35	25	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	220	105	120	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	40	40	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	65	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	280	110	170	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	10	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	250	95	160	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	200	115	85	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	20	35	0	0	0
Tamil	120	70	40	0	0	0
Telugu	40	30	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,160	1,885	2,275	115	75	35
Albanian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	745	310	440	20	10	10
Baltic languages	30	0	30	0	0	0
Latvian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	720	305	415	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Czech	45	10	30	0	10	0
Macedonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Polish	335	135	195	0	0	0
Russian	155	75	80	15	10	10
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,110	505	600	105	70	35
Afrikaans	35	10	25	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	20	0	10	0
Dutch	345	130	215	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	700	360	340	85	55	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	75	40	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	890	455	440	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	825	425	395	0	0	0
Bengali	130	65	60	0	0	0
Gujarati	260	135	120	0	0	0
Hindi	385	205	180	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	45	15	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	70	60	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	170	90	80	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	25	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,390	615	775	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	365	175	190	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	60	75	0	0	0
Romanian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	900	395	500	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	95	55	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	160	65	95	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	145	65	80	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	55	35	25	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	20	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	0	30	15	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	250	110	135	0	0	0
American Sign Language	170	75	100	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	55	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	670	330	340	0	0	0
Chinese languages	650	325	325	0	0	0
Cantonese	255	135	115	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	380	180	195	0	0	0
Min Dong	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	25	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	15	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	10	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	170	65	105	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Finnish	45	15	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	105	45	60	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	78,530	37,290	41,240	1,160	585	575
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	76,535	36,280	40,260	1,115	555	560
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,945	7,025	6,920	235	110	130
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	62,595	29,255	33,340	880	450	435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,995	1,010	985	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	78,530	37,290	41,240	1,160	580	575
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	70,750	33,680	37,075	1,030	515	515
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,085	3,230	3,855	110	60	55
Before 1981	3,645	1,630	2,015	30	20	10
1981 to 1990	755	360	400	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	860	370	490	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,165	550	610	65	35	35
2001 to 2005	610	300	315	30	15	15
2006 to 2010	555	255	300	40	20	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	660	315	345	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	695	380	315	25	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,085	3,230	3,855	110	55	50
Under 5 years	1,035	525	510	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	1,425	635	785	30	10	25
15 to 24 years	1,760	775	985	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,500	1,130	1,365	45	20	25
45 years and over	375	165	210	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,085	3,230	3,855	115	60	55
Americas	1,050	445	605	15	10	10
Brazil	30	15	15	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	70	25	45	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	80	35	40	0	0	0
Mexico	65	30	30	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	40	10	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	585	240	340	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	180	85	95	10	0	10
Europe	3,720	1,715	2,000	55	30	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	30	20	15	0	0	0
Germany	360	160	200	30	20	15
Greece	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hungary	85	35	50	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	65	35	35	0	0	0
Italy	155	70	80	0	0	0
Netherlands	300	135	165	0	10	0
Poland	190	70	115	0	0	0
Portugal	45	15	30	0	0	0
Romania	40	15	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	10	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,910	920	985	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	375	175	200	10	10	0
Africa	330	185	145	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	70	50	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	20	0	20	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	20	20	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	155	80	75	10	10	0
Asia	1,930	850	1,080	35	15	25
Afghanistan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	60	40	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	350	120	240	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	60	30	25	0	0	0
India	360	175	185	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	25	20	10	0	0	0
Japan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	110	45	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	30	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	105	50	55	0	0	0
Philippines	255	110	145	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	50	25	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	90	40	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	10
Viet Nam	100	35	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	215	105	110	25	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	660	315	345	10	10	0
Americas	80	40	35	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	0	0	0
Europe	90	40	45	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	20	0	0	0
Africa	30	20	15	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	460	215	240	0	0	0
Afghanistan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	85	45	40	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	80	40	40	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	90	40	45	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	78,530	37,290	41,240	1,160	585	580
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,110	3,765	4,345	130	75	60
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	11,485	5,380	6,100	110	60	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	58,940	28,145	30,795	915	450	465
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,545	1,650	1,895	85	40	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,705	950	760	50	35	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	660	465	200	20	20	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,045	490	560	35	15	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,235	430	805	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	575	255	315	25	10	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	78,530	37,290	41,235	1,160	585	580
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,275	1,535	1,740	200	75	125
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,185	1,485	1,690	200	70	125
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,075	970	1,105	30	25	10
Métis	1,065	515	550	140	35	100
Inuk (Inuit)	40	10	35	30	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	25	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	75,260	35,755	39,500	960	510	450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	78,530	37,290	41,240	1,160	580	575
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,165	570	590	30	20	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	77,370	36,715	40,650	1,135	565	570
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	78,530	37,290	41,240	1,160	585	575
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	575	275	300	10	15	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	570	270	300	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	455	225	230	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	110	45	70	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,105	1,920	2,185	225	75	150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,985	1,885	2,100	225	75	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,015	1,445	1,565	65	30	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	950	435	510	125	25	100
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	25	30	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	120	35	85	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	35	85	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	73,850	35,100	38,745	920	495	420
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	78,530	37,290	41,240	1,160	585	575
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,800	2,360	2,440	40	25	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,315	690	625	0	0	0
Chinese	815	395	425	0	0	0
Black	795	385	405	40	20	15
Filipino	370	180	195	0	0	0
Latin American	205	90	120	0	0	0
Arab	285	175	110	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	285	135	150	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	25	35	0	0	0
Korean	165	60	105	0	0	0
Japanese	175	85	90	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	175	65	105	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	155	75	80	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	73,725	34,930	38,795	1,120	560	560
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	78,530	37,290	41,240	1,160	585	575
North American Aboriginal origins	4,685	2,190	2,490	240	85	150
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,595	1,710	1,885	80	40	35
Inuit	30	0	25	30	15	15
Métis	1,190	525	665	125	25	100
Other North American origins	28,355	13,370	14,980	340	170	165
Acadian	140	75	60	0	0	0
American	890	380	505	10	0	10
Canadian	27,625	13,035	14,590	335	170	170
New Brunswicker	15	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	115	45	70	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	10	0	0	0
European origins	61,220	28,975	32,250	965	485	485
British Isles origins	51,365	24,275	27,090	315	165	150
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	30,790	14,355	16,440	155	70	80
Irish	25,400	11,610	13,790	110	55	55
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	20,750	9,820	10,930	150	80	65
Welsh	2,140	1,005	1,135	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,725	1,185	1,540	15	0	15
French origins	9,950	4,650	5,305	540	235	300
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	25	15	10	0	0	0
French	9,920	4,635	5,290	535	235	300
Western European origins (except French origins)	12,775	6,015	6,760	345	180	165
Austrian	450	210	240	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	300	175	130	25	0	25
Dutch	4,470	2,060	2,410	80	35	40
Flemish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	8,255	3,935	4,325	250	145	105
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	275	125	145	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,880	850	1,030	20	0	15
Danish	460	210	245	15	0	15
Finnish	420	195	225	0	0	0
Icelandic	85	20	65	0	0	0
Norwegian	415	170	245	0	0	0
Swedish	460	220	240	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	140	70	70	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,200	2,485	2,710	180	70	115
Bulgarian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	240	125	115	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	45	15	35	0	0	10
Estonian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	655	325	325	0	0	0
Latvian	95	30	65	0	0	0
Lithuanian	110	40	70	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,155	990	1,160	40	10	25
Romanian	205	85	125	0	0	0
Russian	605	290	315	50	10	40
Slovak	85	35	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,545	800	735	90	50	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,285	2,490	2,795	0	0	0
Albanian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	145	65	75	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	20	10	0	0	0
Greek	385	195	190	0	0	0
Italian	3,280	1,545	1,730	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	90	50	35	0	0	0
Maltese	190	90	100	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	485	240	250	0	0	0
Serbian	135	45	85	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Spanish	505	235	270	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	75	25	50	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	345	195	155	0	0	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	165	85	75	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	155	80	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	635	290	350	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	50	20	30	10	0	10
Bermudan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	325	120	205	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	10	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	95	45	45	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	50	35	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	455	210	240	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Chilean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	130	65	70	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	25	20	10	0	0	0
Mexican	160	80	80	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	855	440	415	30	25	0
Central and West African origins	185	80	110	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	15	15	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	10	20	0	0	0
North African origins	180	105	80	25	20	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	100	70	35	30	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	265	140	125	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	25	20	10	0	0	0
South African	135	60	75	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	230	125	110	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	205	110	95	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,080	1,990	2,090	30	10	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	595	335	260	25	10	15
Afghan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	20	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	225	140	90	0	0	0
Palestinian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Syrian	120	50	70	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	115	60	60	20	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,395	720	675	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	65	35	25	0	0	0
Bengali	25	20	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,100	575	525	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	10	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	115	60	55	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	50	15	30	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,115	945	1,170	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	95	40	55	0	0	0
Chinese	1,050	485	565	0	0	10
Filipino	410	180	220	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	175	85	95	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	180	60	115	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	155	65	90	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	240	110	130	0	0	0
Australian	165	80	80	0	0	0
New Zealander	90	40	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
Owner	21,565	...	...	410	...	...
Renter	13,145	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
Condominium	2,005	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	32,700	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
No bedrooms	155	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,735	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,040	...	...	150	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,990	...	...	180	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,795	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	34,710	...	...	495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,545	...	...	65	...	...
5 rooms	5,115	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	5,190	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	5,075	...	...	60	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,790	...	...	185	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
One person or fewer per room	34,545	...	...	480	...	...
More than 1 person per room	170	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
Suitable	33,720	...	...	480	...	...
Not suitable	990	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	34,710	...	...	495	...	...
1960 or before	13,040	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,535	...	...	160	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,200	...	...	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,180	...	...	50	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,560	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,845	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,350	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	34,710	...	...	495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,475	...	...	455	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,240	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,895	...	...	260	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,850	...	...	230	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	965	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	34,710	...	...	490	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,785	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,950	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,760	...	...	95	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,815	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,540	...	...	95	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,670	...	...	85	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,580	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	1,610	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	34,655	...	...	440	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,045	...	...	400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,615	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,560	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	21,555	...	...	365	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.8	...	...	56.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.7	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,116	...	...	662	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,186	...	...	864	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,672	...	...	174,329	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	302,030	...	...	186,136	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,140	...	...	75	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	53.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	949	...	...	697	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	956	...	...	626	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	66,785	31,325	35,465	965	475	490
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,295	5,580	5,715	255	140	115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,680	9,650	10,030	290	125	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,805	16,095	19,715	420	210	210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,265	2,875	1,390	100	70	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,065	1,170	895	65	35	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,205	1,705	495	35	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,240	6,750	10,495	170	55	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	915	410	505	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,385	6,060	7,320	105	55	55
Bachelor's degree	9,160	3,865	5,290	75	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	910	385	520	10	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	340	220	120	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,470	1,285	1,185	20	15	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	505	300	200	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	40,160	19,210	20,945	675	330	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,125	2,460	1,670	95	70	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,535	5,640	4,895	240	100	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,495	11,115	14,380	340	165	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,540	1,715	825	85	60	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,275	745	535	60	30	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,265	970	295	25	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,485	4,905	7,585	135	45	90
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	480	215	255	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,990	4,275	5,715	80	35	45
Bachelor's degree	6,885	2,800	4,085	55	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	645	250	395	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	235	130	105	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,850	895	950	25	15	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	380	195	175	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	66,785	31,325	35,460	965	475	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,980	15,230	15,750	540	265	280
Education	2,595	750	1,845	30	10	25
13. Education	2,595	750	1,840	35	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,185	580	605	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	240	210	30	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	945	370	570	10	0	10
Humanities	2,140	970	1,165	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	130	35	100	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	630	195	435	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	315	130	190	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	185	140	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	365	230	130	0	0	0
54. History	425	225	200	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	15	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,395	1,400	2,995	50	10	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	190	65	130	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	140	175	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	845	75	770	20	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	555	140	415	25	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	175	55	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	775	195	580	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,535	740	800	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	6,255	2,240	4,015	45	30	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	925	195	730	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,320	2,045	3,275	45	30	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,525	750	775	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	895	375	515	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	215	110	105	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	325	235	95	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	25	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,115	680	435	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	790	525	265	10	0	10
25. Library science	115	15	100	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	190	130	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,130	5,735	390	100	95	10
04. Architecture and related services	185	120	60	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,025	905	120	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,590	1,495	90	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,320	1,305	15	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,180	1,125	55	20	20	0
48. Precision production	835	775	55	20	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	885	555	330	40	45	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	230	155	80	40	45	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	655	405	250	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,895	1,145	5,745	105	0	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	605	300	305	20	10	20
51. Health professions and related programs	6,135	735	5,395	85	0	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	150	110	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,685	1,280	1,405	15	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,330	305	1,020	10	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,035	690	345	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	305	265	40	10	0	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	40,160	19,215	20,950	670	330	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,665	8,100	6,565	330	165	160
Education	1,745	490	1,255	30	0	20
13. Education	1,745	490	1,255	25	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	865	400	465	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	175	140	30	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	690	260	435	0	0	10
Humanities	1,515	670	840	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	25	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	395	130	265	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	65	120	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	105	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	300	190	110	0	0	0
54. History	330	150	180	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	10	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,280	975	2,305	40	10	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	165	55	110	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	240	90	145	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	610	60	555	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	435	85	350	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	140	45	95	0	0	0
42. Psychology	535	120	410	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,160	520	635	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,460	1,620	2,840	45	30	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	705	150	555	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,745	1,465	2,275	40	30	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,145	530	610	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	700	290	410	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	65	70	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	235	160	80	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	15	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	835	505	320	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	625	430	200	10	0	0
25. Library science	85	15	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	60	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,990	3,705	280	75	65	0
04. Architecture and related services	160	105	55	0	0	0
14. Engineering	695	620	70	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	970	915	55	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	885	870	10	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	790	740	50	20	15	0
48. Precision production	485	445	40	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	660	410	255	30	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	145	100	50	35	30	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	515	315	200	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,990	820	4,175	90	10	90
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	475	215	260	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,420	545	3,880	75	0	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	100	60	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,010	985	1,030	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	960	230	725	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	810	545	270	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	205	35	0	10	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	66,790	31,320	35,465	965	475	490
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,980	15,230	15,750	540	265	275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	35,805	16,095	19,715	425	205	215
Location of study inside Canada	33,020	14,630	18,390	380	180	200
Same as province or territory of residence	31,055	13,725	17,330	365	180	190
Different than province or territory of residence	1,965	905	1,060	10	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,790	1,465	1,320	40	30	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	675	365	310	0	0	0
Philippines	120	40	75	0	0	0
India	330	190	145	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	485	310	175	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	95	40	60	0	0	0
France	30	15	20	10	0	0
Other	1,055	515	545	35	20	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	40,160	19,215	20,950	670	330	340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,670	8,100	6,565	330	170	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25,495	11,115	14,380	340	160	180
Location of study inside Canada	23,815	10,260	13,560	300	135	165
Same as province or territory of residence	22,485	9,640	12,835	290	135	155
Different than province or territory of residence	1,335	615	715	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,675	850	820	40	30	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	420	230	190	0	0	0
Philippines	110	40	70	0	0	0
India	205	105	95	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	160	95	65	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	80	30	50	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other	680	335	340	30	20	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	66,790	31,325	35,465	965	475	490
In the labour force	39,560	19,455	20,105	650	365	280
Employed	36,030	17,635	18,390	635	365	275
Unemployed	3,535	1,820	1,710	15	0	10
Not in the labour force	27,225	11,865	15,355	310	105	205
Participation rate	59.2	62.1	56.7	67.4	76.8	57.1
Employment rate	53.9	56.3	51.9	65.8	76.8	56.1
Unemployment rate	8.9	9.4	8.5	2.3	0.0	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	66,785	31,325	35,465	965	475	490
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,935	11,225	14,710	255	85	165
Worked	40,850	20,100	20,755	710	385	325
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,505	10,365	9,140	360	230	125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	21,355	9,735	11,615	350	155	200
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.7	42.4	43.7	44.2	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	39,560	19,455	20,105	650	370	285
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,110	555	550	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	38,450	18,900	19,550	650	370	285
Employee	34,730	16,720	18,005	480	230	250
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,725	2,180	1,545	175	140	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	39,560	19,455	20,105	655	370	285
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,110	555	555	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	38,450	18,900	19,555	650	370	280
0 Management occupations	3,295	1,825	1,465	145	105	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,680	1,260	3,420	65	25	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,380	1,855	525	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,320	620	2,705	60	10	55
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,525	1,900	3,625	90	30	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,285	610	680	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	11,160	4,890	6,275	90	35	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,690	4,375	310	125	115	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	520	415	110	55	40	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,590	1,155	435	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	39,560	19,455	20,105	655	365	285
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,110	560	555	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	38,450	18,900	19,550	650	370	280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	245	145	100	180	135	50
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	125	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	360	305	55	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,355	2,200	160	40	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,730	2,025	700	20	20	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,030	780	255	25	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	5,410	2,575	2,835	60	15	45
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,385	995	390	50	40	10
51 Information and cultural industries	775	405	365	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,020	380	640	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	530	255	280	10	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,910	1,025	890	20	15	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,535	1,380	1,155	25	25	0
61 Educational services	3,805	1,330	2,485	45	10	35
62 Health care and social assistance	5,875	1,105	4,775	115	15	100
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,055	530	530	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,475	1,500	1,980	20	10	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,710	745	965	20	10	10
91 Public administration	2,095	1,105	985	15	20	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	36,030	17,635	18,395	640	365	275
Worked at home	2,275	1,065	1,205	145	110	35
Worked outside Canada	60	25	30	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	3,980	2,810	1,170	85	70	15
Worked at usual place	29,715	13,735	15,985	405	190	220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,720	13,730	15,985	405	185	215
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,210	9,935	13,280	160	70	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,865	1,535	1,335	130	50	80
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,555	2,205	1,345	115	65	50
Commute to a different province or territory	95	60	35	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	33,695	16,540	17,155	490	255	230
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,140	12,515	12,625	410	215	200
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,620	1,185	1,435	25	10	10
Public transit	1,875	745	1,130	10	0	0
Walked	2,945	1,355	1,585	45	20	20
Bicycle	750	540	215	0	0	0
Other method	370	205	165	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	33,695	16,540	17,155	490	255	230
Less than 15 minutes	15,775	7,180	8,590	250	130	125
15 to 29 minutes	10,745	4,970	5,775	75	40	35
30 to 44 minutes	3,105	1,595	1,510	70	35	35
45 to 59 minutes	1,715	1,090	625	40	15	20
60 minutes and over	2,360	1,705	650	60	45	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	33,695	16,545	17,155	490	260	230
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,710	1,215	490	50	35	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,135	3,120	2,020	105	85	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,175	4,005	4,170	100	30	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,810	3,385	5,420	130	55	75
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,735	1,620	2,120	20	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,140	3,200	2,940	80	40	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	42,250	20,760	21,490	740	400	340
Single responses	42,060	20,700	21,355	680	365	315
Official languages	41,985	20,660	21,325	675	365	315
English	41,780	20,600	21,175	575	330	250
French	205	60	145	100	40	65
Non-official languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	15	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	195	60	130	60	30	25
English and French	130	50	85	45	25	25
English and non-official language	55	10	45	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	42,255	20,760	21,490	740	400	340
None	41,230	20,355	20,875	585	315	265
English	185	55	130	70	30	35
French	530	205	320	80	55	25
Non-official language	300	145	160	10	0	10
Aboriginal	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	290	145	145	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	77,725	36,880	40,840	1,150	575	575
Non-movers	64,970	30,725	34,245	1,005	495	510
Movers	12,755	6,160	6,595	150	80	70
Non-migrants	7,840	3,770	4,065	45	25	25
Migrants	4,915	2,385	2,530	100	60	45
Internal migrants	4,395	2,140	2,260	80	40	35
Intraprovincial migrants	4,075	1,945	2,125	80	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	325	195	130	0	0	0
External migrants	520	250	275	20	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	74,435	35,210	39,225	1,080	535	555
Non-movers	42,780	20,130	22,650	770	380	390
Movers	31,660	15,080	16,575	320	155	160
Non-migrants	18,015	8,675	9,340	100	55	45
Migrants	13,640	6,410	7,235	215	100	120
Internal migrants	12,245	5,700	6,545	190	80	110
Intraprovincial migrants	11,285	5,240	6,040	190	80	110
Interprovincial migrants	965	460	505	0	0	0
External migrants	1,400	710	690	25	20	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Peterborough, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Montcalm, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Montcalm, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba