Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kawartha Lakes, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Rivière-du-Loup, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kawartha Lakes, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Rivière-du-Loup, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Kawartha Lakes, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Kawartha Lakes, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Rivière-du-Loup, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	75,423	...	...	19,507	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	73,219 ^r	...	...	19,447	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	38,444	...	...	9,772	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	31,106	...	...	9,071	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	24.5	...	...	231.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,084.38	...	...	84.11	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	75,425	37,285	38,135	19,505	9,365	10,140
0 to 14 years	9,900	5,065	4,835	2,675	1,380	1,300
0 to 4 years	3,095	1,590	1,510	875	460	415
5 to 9 years	3,350	1,735	1,615	965	495	470
10 to 14 years	3,455	1,740	1,715	840	425	415
15 to 64 years	46,460	23,160	23,300	12,120	6,020	6,100
15 to 19 years	3,945	2,045	1,905	935	480	455
20 to 24 years	3,930	2,060	1,870	1,075	565	505
25 to 29 years	3,430	1,810	1,625	1,070	565	505
30 to 34 years	3,655	1,835	1,820	1,080	555	525
35 to 39 years	3,460	1,690	1,770	1,125	555	565
40 to 44 years	3,665	1,820	1,845	1,130	570	555
45 to 49 years	4,490	2,180	2,305	1,030	525	510
50 to 54 years	6,205	3,060	3,145	1,430	675	755
55 to 59 years	6,870	3,425	3,445	1,600	765	835
60 to 64 years	6,805	3,235	3,570	1,650	760	890
65 years and over	19,065	9,055	10,005	4,710	1,970	2,740
65 to 69 years	6,380	3,185	3,190	1,425	645	780
70 to 74 years	4,750	2,375	2,375	1,105	505	600
75 to 79 years	3,160	1,515	1,640	785	350	435
80 to 84 years	2,370	1,090	1,280	630	240	395
85 years and over	2,410	895	1,515	755	230	530
85 to 89 years	1,500	615	885	460	150	310
90 to 94 years	695	215	475	230	70	160
95 to 99 years	190	60	135	55	5	50
100 years and over	30	5	25	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.1	13.6	12.7	13.7	14.7	12.8
15 to 64 years	61.6	62.1	61.1	62.1	64.3	60.2
65 years and over	25.3	24.3	26.2	24.1	21.0	27.0
85 years and over	3.2	2.4	4.0	3.9	2.5	5.2
Average age of the population	46.7	45.8	47.6	45.7	43.7	47.5
Median age of the population	51.2	50.3	51.9	48.3	45.1	51.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
Single-detached house	25,990	...	...	3,950	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	685	...	...	40	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,190	...	...	5,035	...	...
Semi-detached house	535	...	...	640	...	...
Row house	640	...	...	160	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	855	...	...	545	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,080	...	...	3,625	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	65	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	245	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
1 person	7,685	...	...	3,465	...	...
2 persons	13,330	...	...	3,455	...	...
3 persons	4,420	...	...	1,000	...	...
4 persons	3,630	...	...	800	...	...
5 or more persons	2,045	...	...	345	...	...
Number of persons in private households	73,375	...	...	18,445	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	65,525	32,220	33,300	16,830	7,985	8,845
Married or living common law	41,180	20,665	20,515	9,525	4,775	4,745
Married	34,340	17,250	17,090	5,100	2,565	2,535
Living common law	6,845	3,420	3,425	4,425	2,210	2,210
Not married and not living common law	24,345	11,550	12,790	7,305	3,210	4,095
Never married	13,465	7,560	5,910	4,685	2,480	2,205
Separated	2,080	1,035	1,040	185	85	100
Divorced	3,940	1,825	2,110	1,160	425	730
Widowed	4,855	1,125	3,730	1,280	230	1,055
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,235	...	...	5,350	...	...
2 persons	14,200	...	...	3,325	...	...
3 persons	4,295	...	...	945	...	...
4 persons	3,355	...	...	770	...	...
5 or more persons	1,390	...	...	320	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,235	...	...	5,355	...	...
Total couple families	20,130	...	...	4,600	...	...
Married couples	16,715	...	...	2,395	...	...
Common-law couples	3,415	...	...	2,210	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,105	...	...	755	...	...
Female parent	2,360	...	...	590	...	...
Male parent	750	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,130	...	...	4,600	...	...
Couples without children	12,180	...	...	2,845	...	...
Couples with children	7,945	...	...	1,755	...	...
1 child	3,485	...	...	735	...	...
2 children	3,130	...	...	725	...	...
3 or more children	1,330	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,105	...	...	755	...	...
1 child	2,015	...	...	475	...	...
2 children	810	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more children	285	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,205	5,240	5,970	4,230	1,930	2,300
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	31,110	...	...	9,070	...	...
One-census-family households	21,930	...	...	5,305	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,620	...	...	2,820	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,305	...	...	2,485	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	640	...	...	25	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,535	...	...	3,745	...	...
One-person households	7,680	...	...	3,465	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	855	...	...	275	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	74,240	36,595	37,645	19,225	9,260	9,965
English only	70,770	35,155	35,615	25	15	10
French only	10	5	5	14,885	6,765	8,120
English and French	3,330	1,380	1,945	4,310	2,480	1,825
Neither English nor French	130	60	75	10	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	74,240	36,595	37,645	19,225	9,260	9,960
English	73,365	36,190	37,175	115	65	50
French	710	340	370	19,085	9,185	9,900
English and French	40	15	25	20	15	10
Neither English nor French	120	50	70	10	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	730	350	385	120	70	55
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.6	0.8	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	74,240	36,595	37,640	19,220	9,260	9,960
Single responses	73,875	36,430	37,450	19,165	9,235	9,930
Official languages	70,580	34,830	35,750	19,020	9,160	9,855
English	69,755	34,455	35,305	115	65	50
French	820	375	445	18,905	9,100	9,805
Non-official languages	3,300	1,600	1,700	150	75	75
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,290	1,600	1,690	150	70	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	40	40	35	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	40	45	30	15	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	20	25	35	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	10	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	10	45	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malay	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,670	1,320	1,345	60	30	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	10	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	530	245	290	5	0	5
Baltic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	505	235	270	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	40	15	20	0	5	0
Macedonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	200	95	100	0	0	0
Russian	80	35	40	5	0	0
Serbian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	30	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,435	710	725	0	5	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dutch	440	220	220	0	5	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	895	440	455	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	50	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	115	55	55	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	25	15	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	455	235	220	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	195	125	70	5	5	0
Portuguese	130	60	70	5	0	5
Romanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	100	35	60	35	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	30	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	65	75	15	5	10
Chinese languages	140	60	75	15	10	5
Cantonese	55	30	25	5	5	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	20	30	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	185	80	100	0	0	5
Estonian	15	5	15	0	0	0
Finnish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	50	55	0	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	360	165	195	55	25	30
English and French	125	55	70	30	15	15
English and non-official language	220	100	115	5	0	5
French and non-official language	10	5	5	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	74,240	36,595	37,645	19,225	9,265	9,965
Single responses	73,700	36,355	37,345	19,130	9,215	9,915
Official languages	72,755	35,890	36,865	19,050	9,175	9,875
English	72,585	35,800	36,780	75	40	35
French	170	85	85	18,975	9,135	9,835
Non-official languages	945	465	480	80	40	40
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	945	465	475	80	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	15	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	20	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	5	15	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	665	330	335	35	20	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	15	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	70	70	0	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	5	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	55	30	25	0	0	0
Russian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	350	180	170	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	320	165	155	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	35	50	20	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	5	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	45	45	15	5	5
Chinese languages	90	45	45	15	5	5
Cantonese	35	20	20	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	25	25	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	545	240	295	95	50	45
English and French	55	25	30	55	30	20
English and non-official language	475	215	260	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	74,240	36,595	37,645	19,225	9,260	9,960
None	72,320	35,710	36,605	18,645	8,945	9,700
English	465	230	235	410	230	175
French	465	190	280	85	45	40
Non-official language	960	450	505	75	35	35
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	945	450	500	70	35	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	0	10	5	5
French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	63,510	31,175	32,335	15,775	7,605	8,165
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,365	30,190	31,180	15,500	7,475	8,025
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,302	39,649	26,592	32,704	38,394	27,876
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,410	30,195	31,215	15,510	7,475	8,030
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,448	35,570	24,685	29,161	33,434	25,509
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,635	27,385	27,255	13,730	6,805	6,925
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,820	36,382	22,203	29,234	35,859	24,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,675	21,695	24,980	12,190	5,545	6,645
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,574	8,612	8,551	8,483	7,648	9,052
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,960	22,155	19,800	10,845	5,655	5,190
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,318	32,283	25,157	30,195	34,534	26,275
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	63,505	31,175	32,335	15,775	7,610	8,165
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,420	30,210	31,210	15,535	7,480	8,050
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,487	49,132	34,088	39,672	46,238	33,569
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,475	30,220	31,250	15,535	7,485	8,050
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,998	40,720	29,466	33,216	37,939	28,827
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,590	27,440	27,155	13,730	6,820	6,905
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,859	46,893	30,740	36,898	43,965	29,924
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,535	21,730	24,805	12,210	5,520	6,685
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,175	9,097	9,243	8,980	8,360	9,491
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,960	22,135	19,825	10,845	5,615	5,230
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,242	42,167	31,744	36,726	42,032	31,022
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	63,505	31,175	32,335	15,775	7,610	8,165
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	18,830	10,630	8,195	4,825	2,615	2,210
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,763	54,444	42,793	41,754	45,619	37,549
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,177	61,988	48,643	49,776	54,875	43,733
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.2	86.6	78.6	81.9	86.2	76.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.6	63.5	59.0	64.2	67.5	60.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.8	13.4	21.4	18.1	13.8	23.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	63,510	31,175	32,335	15,775	7,605	8,170
Without total income	2,135	985	1,155	270	130	140
With total income	61,370	30,190	31,180	15,500	7,480	8,030
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.8	96.4	98.3	98.4	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,120	3,410	4,710	1,505	600	905
$10,000 to $19,999	11,505	4,490	7,010	3,085	1,165	1,915
$20,000 to $29,999	9,250	3,755	5,500	2,510	1,065	1,445
$30,000 to $39,999	7,780	3,580	4,200	2,450	1,110	1,340
$40,000 to $49,999	6,840	3,655	3,185	1,950	1,050	900
$50,000 to $59,999	4,940	2,825	2,115	1,375	800	570
$60,000 to $69,999	3,505	2,170	1,335	785	490	295
$70,000 to $79,999	2,495	1,605	890	670	395	280
$80,000 to $89,999	1,905	1,255	650	390	265	125
$90,000 to $99,999	1,515	940	580	215	145	75
$100,000 and over	3,500	2,495	1,005	560	395	165
$100,000 to $149,999	2,550	1,780	770	375	265	110
$150,000 and over	950	715	235	180	125	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	63,510	31,175	32,330	15,775	7,605	8,165
Without after-tax income	2,095	985	1,115	270	130	140
With after-tax income	61,410	30,195	31,220	15,510	7,475	8,030
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.9	96.6	98.3	98.3	98.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,525	3,480	5,050	1,590	615	980
$10,000 to $19,999	11,980	4,690	7,295	3,220	1,230	1,990
$20,000 to $29,999	10,740	4,470	6,265	3,195	1,400	1,805
$30,000 to $39,999	9,425	4,675	4,750	2,980	1,505	1,480
$40,000 to $49,999	7,110	3,950	3,155	2,000	1,135	865
$50,000 to $59,999	4,775	2,930	1,845	1,060	625	425
$60,000 to $69,999	3,130	2,105	1,030	675	430	245
$70,000 to $79,999	2,255	1,430	820	290	200	95
$80,000 and over	3,475	2,460	1,010	485	340	150
$80,000 to $89,999	1,235	810	425	160	110	45
$90,000 to $99,999	750	540	210	85	60	30
$100,000 and over	1,485	1,105	375	240	170	75
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	63,510	31,175	32,335	15,775	7,605	8,170
Without employment income	21,545	9,015	12,535	4,930	1,950	2,980
With employment income	41,960	22,160	19,800	10,845	5,655	5,190
Percentage with employment income	66.1	71.1	61.2	68.7	74.4	63.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,170	4,615	3,550	1,390	730	660
$5,000 to $9,999	3,515	1,610	1,910	830	350	480
$10,000 to $19,999	5,480	2,370	3,115	1,575	685	890
$20,000 to $29,999	4,550	2,030	2,525	1,600	700	910
$30,000 to $39,999	4,580	1,995	2,590	1,640	800	840
$40,000 to $49,999	3,830	1,915	1,915	1,175	715	460
$50,000 to $59,999	2,840	1,650	1,190	825	520	300
$60,000 to $69,999	2,120	1,310	810	520	305	210
$70,000 to $79,999	1,675	1,105	575	510	285	225
$80,000 and over	5,195	3,575	1,625	780	565	220
$80,000 to $89,999	1,380	925	460	250	180	65
$90,000 to $99,999	1,275	760	520	155	110	45
$100,000 and over	2,540	1,890	645	380	270	110
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	31,110	...	...	9,070	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,187	...	...	53,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,733	...	...	47,075	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,680	...	...	3,460	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,175	...	...	28,661	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,501	...	...	26,256	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,425	...	...	5,605	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,545	...	...	75,685	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,003	...	...	65,180	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,923	...	...	67,928	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,163	...	...	56,890	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,690	...	...	3,460	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,224	...	...	37,781	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,056	...	...	31,423	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,415	...	...	5,610	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,293	...	...	86,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,368	...	...	72,597	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
Under $5,000	345	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	365	...	...	115	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	845	...	...	415	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,055	...	...	610	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,445	...	...	525	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,190	...	...	450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,480	...	...	585	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,500	...	...	570	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,490	...	...	485	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,410	...	...	445	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,660	...	...	825	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,465	...	...	650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,320	...	...	635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,045	...	...	540	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,745	...	...	430	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,750	...	...	1,740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,260	...	...	775	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,050	...	...	410	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,110	...	...	355	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,335	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
Under $5,000	375	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	385	...	...	115	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	855	...	...	415	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,105	...	...	630	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,545	...	...	625	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,375	...	...	550	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,665	...	...	755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,815	...	...	620	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,740	...	...	560	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,620	...	...	530	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,155	...	...	900	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,920	...	...	775	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,550	...	...	640	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,125	...	...	490	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,665	...	...	400	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,205	...	...	1,015	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,895	...	...	560	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,580	...	...	240	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,730	...	...	220	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	22,820	...	...	5,395	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,290	...	...	76,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,801	...	...	65,547	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,345	...	...	2,795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,554	...	...	67,209	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,792	...	...	58,169	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,090	...	...	1,765	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,793	...	...	106,163	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,873	...	...	89,580	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,775	...	...	740	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,591	...	...	47,927	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,513	...	...	44,245	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	22,815	...	...	5,385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,101	...	...	87,346	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,109	...	...	73,143	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,375	...	...	2,800	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,798	...	...	78,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,280	...	...	65,939	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,085	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,736	...	...	116,792	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,034	...	...	95,642	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,765	...	...	720	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,107	...	...	50,803	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,991	...	...	45,741	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,795	4,655	5,140	4,025	1,845	2,185
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,548	32,425	27,706	27,344	30,549	25,395
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,371	29,280	25,902	25,280	27,328	24,078
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,805	4,780	5,020	4,050	1,875	2,180
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,601	40,766	36,537	35,929	38,159	34,008
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,006	34,162	31,905	30,103	31,572	28,837
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	73,375	36,225	37,155	18,445	8,975	9,470
In the bottom half of the distribution	37,650	18,065	19,585	11,035	5,180	5,850
In the bottom decile	6,270	3,125	3,150	1,505	705	805
In the second decile	7,450	3,325	4,125	2,290	955	1,335
In the third decile	8,020	3,825	4,195	2,370	1,120	1,255
In the fourth decile	7,805	3,790	4,015	2,560	1,265	1,300
In the fifth decile	8,105	4,000	4,100	2,305	1,140	1,165
In the top half of the distribution	35,725	18,160	17,570	7,410	3,795	3,615
In the sixth decile	8,065	4,080	3,985	2,275	1,170	1,105
In the seventh decile	7,975	4,005	3,970	1,985	985	1,000
In the eighth decile	7,635	3,885	3,750	1,490	765	720
In the ninth decile	6,930	3,540	3,385	945	500	450
In the top decile	5,115	2,640	2,475	715	375	340
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	73,375	36,220	37,150	18,445	8,980	9,470
0 to 17 years	12,130	6,240	5,890	3,195	1,645	1,550
0 to 5 years	3,770	1,930	1,840	1,045	550	495
18 to 64 years	43,320	21,295	22,020	11,405	5,625	5,785
65 years and over	17,925	8,685	9,240	3,845	1,705	2,140
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,630	4,555	5,080	2,645	1,140	1,505
0 to 17 years	2,000	1,045	960	370	175	190
0 to 5 years	650	335	315	120	65	55
18 to 64 years	5,710	2,740	2,970	1,540	705	835
65 years and over	1,910	760	1,150	745	255	485
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.1	12.6	13.7	14.3	12.7	15.9
0 to 17 years (%)	16.5	16.7	16.3	11.6	10.6	12.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.2	17.4	17.1	11.5	11.8	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.9	13.5	13.5	12.5	14.4
65 years and over (%)	10.7	8.8	12.4	19.4	15.0	22.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,480	1,810	1,670	955	475	485
0 to 17 years	595	315	280	105	55	50
0 to 5 years	200	105	95	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	2,650	1,375	1,275	795	395	400
65 years and over	230	115	115	55	25	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	5.0	4.5	5.2	5.3	5.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.0	4.8	3.3	3.3	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	5.3	5.4	5.2	3.3	3.6	3.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	6.5	5.8	7.0	7.0	6.9
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.5	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	73,375	36,220	37,155	18,445	8,980	9,465
Official languages	73,250	36,165	37,080	18,420	8,970	9,455
English	73,240	36,170	37,070	4,250	2,455	1,790
French	3,305	1,365	1,935	18,405	8,960	9,445
Non-official languages	4,175	1,930	2,250	545	240	305
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,160	1,920	2,240	540	240	305
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	70	75	50	25	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	70	75	50	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	45	40	50	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	20	0	0	0
Maltese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	55	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	50	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austronesian languages	90	10	75	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	10	70	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	30	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	55	25	30	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,150	1,490	1,665	370	170	205
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	15	55	25	30
Balto-Slavic languages	545	240	310	50	25	25
Baltic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	530	230	295	50	25	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	45	15	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	220	110	110	10	10	10
Russian	90	40	50	35	20	15
Serbian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	20	10	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,670	810	860	30	10	15
Afrikaans	30	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dutch	450	205	245	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	1,150	565	585	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	65	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	75	75	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	100	45	60	10	10	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	60	30	35	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	30	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	710	320	380	280	120	160
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	230	145	90	0	10	0
Portuguese	185	80	110	10	0	0
Romanian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Spanish	300	100	195	280	120	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	15	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	115	30	85	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	10	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	25	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	225	105	120	60	25	30
Chinese languages	225	110	120	60	25	30
Cantonese	105	60	50	25	15	10
Hakka	15	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	45	75	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	250	110	140	0	0	0
Estonian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	170	70	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	73,375	36,225	37,155	18,445	8,980	9,470
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	72,275	35,690	36,585	18,235	8,885	9,350
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,120	6,230	5,895	3,100	1,625	1,480
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	60,150	29,465	30,690	15,130	7,260	7,870
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,105	535	565	210	90	115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	73,375	36,225	37,155	18,445	8,980	9,470
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	67,500	33,495	34,005	18,030	8,770	9,260
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,785	2,675	3,105	355	190	165
Before 1981	4,210	1,955	2,260	45	25	20
1981 to 1990	545	245	295	30	15	15
1991 to 2000	345	175	175	30	20	15
2001 to 2010	485	200	290	105	55	50
2001 to 2005	285	140	150	40	20	20
2006 to 2010	200	65	140	70	35	35
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	195	105	90	145	80	65
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	95	55	40	60	15	45
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,780	2,675	3,110	355	190	170
Under 5 years	740	365	380	70	30	40
5 to 14 years	1,505	695	810	55	35	20
15 to 24 years	1,545	680	860	65	35	30
25 to 44 years	1,810	855	955	140	80	55
45 years and over	180	80	105	30	10	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,780	2,675	3,105	355	190	165
Americas	600	250	345	70	25	50
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	60	40	25	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	25	15	15
Jamaica	50	25	20	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	340	130	210	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	105	40	70	25	0	20
Europe	4,315	2,070	2,245	100	60	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	35	20	20	0	0	0
France	40	10	30	60	40	20
Germany	535	265	270	0	0	10
Greece	40	20	15	0	0	0
Hungary	90	35	50	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	80	40	40	0	10	0
Italy	140	105	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	375	190	185	0	0	0
Poland	135	70	65	0	0	10
Portugal	105	50	60	0	0	0
Romania	20	20	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	15	10	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	10	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,225	1,015	1,215	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	420	210	210	10	10	10
Africa	115	45	70	65	50	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	15	15	0
Nigeria	20	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	15	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	25	50	30	20
Asia	720	305	410	115	60	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	55	60	45	20	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	15	20	0	0	0
India	100	55	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Philippines	80	10	70	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	40	15	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	10
Viet Nam	65	40	25	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	75	30	45	55	35	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	0	35	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	195	105	90	145	80	65
Americas	15	15	0	10	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Europe	50	30	15	20	15	10
France	10	10	0	10	10	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	10	10	0	50	30	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	20	15
Asia	120	55	70	60	30	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	0	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	15	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	15	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	73,375	36,225	37,155	18,445	8,980	9,470
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,035	2,810	3,225	435	220	215
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10,730	5,280	5,450	255	115	145
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	56,610	28,130	28,480	17,755	8,645	9,110
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,615	735	875	320	170	150
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	790	400	390	150	90	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	395	255	145	65	45	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	390	145	250	85	45	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	595	215	380	125	60	70
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	225	120	105	40	20	25
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	73,375	36,225	37,155	18,445	8,975	9,465
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,995	920	1,075	225	130	90
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,885	865	1,025	195	120	70
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,115	480	630	95	50	45
Métis	740	355	380	100	70	30
Inuk (Inuit)	35	25	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	70	40	25	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	20	25	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	71,380	35,300	36,080	18,225	8,845	9,375
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	73,375	36,220	37,155	18,445	8,980	9,470
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	505	235	275	90	45	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	72,865	35,985	36,885	18,355	8,930	9,420
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	73,375	36,220	37,155	18,445	8,975	9,470
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	290	105	185	125	60	65
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	280	105	170	125	60	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	215	60	150	90	55	40
Métis single ancestry	60	35	20	30	10	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	10	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,785	1,345	1,440	440	235	210
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,710	1,315	1,400	435	230	205
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,920	930	985	390	205	185
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	760	360	400	50	30	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	25	50	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	25	45	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	70,295	34,770	35,525	17,875	8,680	9,200
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	73,375	36,220	37,150	18,445	8,975	9,470
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,530	770	760	290	140	150
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	345	170	170	15	15	0
Chinese	245	120	125	50	20	30
Black	280	145	135	85	45	45
Filipino	190	75	115	10	0	10
Latin American	40	15	25	10	0	10
Arab	80	35	35	60	25	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	130	80	45	10	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	45	25	20	30	10	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	25	10	20	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	71,845	35,450	36,395	18,150	8,830	9,320
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	73,375	36,220	37,155	18,445	8,980	9,470
North American Aboriginal origins	3,080	1,455	1,630	570	295	275
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,215	1,025	1,190	485	260	230
Inuit	40	25	20	0	0	0
Métis	915	435	480	90	40	45
Other North American origins	28,835	14,420	14,420	15,275	7,390	7,885
Acadian	90	50	40	100	50	45
American	750	345	405	90	35	50
Canadian	28,225	14,085	14,135	14,940	7,230	7,710
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	160	100	60	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	295	135	165
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	57,350	28,075	29,275	5,495	2,705	2,790
British Isles origins	47,880	23,225	24,655	815	380	435
Channel Islander	20	10	10	10	0	10
Cornish	10	0	10	10	10	0
English	30,820	14,620	16,205	120	45	80
Irish	19,745	9,210	10,540	530	245	280
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	19,240	9,415	9,820	200	105	95
Welsh	1,875	875	1,005	10	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,570	1,210	1,355	20	15	10
French origins	6,955	3,265	3,690	4,930	2,440	2,485
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	35	25	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,955	3,270	3,690	4,905	2,425	2,485
Western European origins (except French origins)	11,355	5,505	5,855	160	60	95
Austrian	505	235	275	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	165	90	75	15	10	10
Dutch	4,410	2,120	2,285	30	25	10
Flemish	20	15	10	0	10	0
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	6,750	3,295	3,450	110	30	75
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	375	155	220	10	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,615	765	855	10	10	0
Danish	375	195	185	0	10	0
Finnish	245	105	145	0	0	0
Icelandic	90	45	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	0	0	0
Swedish	480	235	250	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,380	2,290	2,095	50	30	20
Bulgarian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	100	50	45	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	55	40	20	0	0	0
Estonian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	700	355	350	0	10	0
Latvian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	90	55	35	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,625	825	800	20	10	0
Romanian	145	55	85	0	0	10
Russian	365	215	160	15	10	10
Slovak	150	70	75	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,515	840	680	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,655	1,870	1,780	145	75	70
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	100	60	40	0	0	10
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	295	175	120	0	0	0
Italian	1,950	1,015	940	85	50	40
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Maltese	235	130	100	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	520	250	275	20	0	10
Serbian	60	35	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	40	15	0	0	0
Spanish	310	105	200	40	15	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	90	35	55	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	260	105	155	10	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	95	40	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	155	60	95	10	10	10
Caribbean origins	360	200	160	50	15	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	20	10	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Jamaican	205	105	100	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	290	135	155	30	15	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	15	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chilean	15	0	10	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	80	50	35	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	45	40	10	15	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	285	135	155	140	85	55
Central and West African origins	35	30	0	25	15	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	30	25	10	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	10	0	80	45	35
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	70	35	30
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	115	30	85	30	15	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	90	25	60	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	125	60	65	10	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	115	60	55	10	10	0
Asian origins	1,490	755	730	175	90	85
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	290	165	130	65	30	30
Afghan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	30	20	10	60	25	30
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Iraqi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	40	15	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	55	35	25	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	65	20	40	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	380	175	205	20	15	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	275	130	150	20	10	10
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	65	35	30	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	830	415	410	85	40	45
Burmese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	345	180	165	55	25	30
Filipino	200	85	115	10	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	80	40	40	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	40	35	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	55	40	15	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	60	35	25	0	0	0
Australian	30	25	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
Owner	25,780	...	...	5,030	...	...
Renter	5,325	...	...	4,040	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
Condominium	795	...	...	890	...	...
Not condominium	30,310	...	...	8,180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	65	...	...
1 bedroom	2,230	...	...	1,260	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,040	...	...	2,885	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,345	...	...	2,850	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,455	...	...	2,000	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,505	...	...	3,390	...	...
5 rooms	4,580	...	...	1,295	...	...
6 rooms	5,455	...	...	1,025	...	...
7 rooms	5,370	...	...	1,025	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,195	...	...	2,330	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	31,110	...	...	9,075	...	...
One person or fewer per room	30,975	...	...	9,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	130	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	31,105	...	...	9,075	...	...
Suitable	30,325	...	...	8,980	...	...
Not suitable	780	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
1960 or before	8,830	...	...	2,045	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,805	...	...	2,975	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,135	...	...	1,210	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,440	...	...	1,040	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,760	...	...	545	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,685	...	...	725	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,455	...	...	525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	29,065	...	...	8,730	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,040	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	31,105	...	...	9,070	...	...
1 household maintainer	17,275	...	...	5,875	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,360	...	...	3,145	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	470	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	31,105	...	...	9,075	...	...
15 to 24 years	420	...	...	425	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,760	...	...	1,255	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,510	...	...	1,270	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,500	...	...	1,465	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,580	...	...	2,020	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,490	...	...	1,630	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,425	...	...	785	...	...
85 years and over	1,420	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	30,055	...	...	9,060	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,945	...	...	7,425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,105	...	...	1,635	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,275	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	24,810	...	...	5,025	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.9	...	...	54.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.7	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,017	...	...	816	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,150	...	...	901	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,811	...	...	190,418	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	347,722	...	...	209,080	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,310	...	...	4,035	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.7	...	...	10.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	51.6	...	...	29.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	933	...	...	610	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	937	...	...	654	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	63,505	31,175	32,335	15,775	7,605	8,170
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,095	6,955	6,140	3,270	1,615	1,660
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,340	9,600	10,740	3,180	1,425	1,755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,075	14,620	15,455	9,325	4,565	4,755
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,205	4,730	1,480	3,290	1,985	1,310
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,530	1,635	895	2,545	1,410	1,140
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,680	3,095	585	745	575	165
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,195	6,750	9,445	3,085	1,275	1,810
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,180	535	640	615	240	380
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,490	2,605	3,885	2,325	1,075	1,260
Bachelor's degree	4,665	1,775	2,895	1,715	775	940
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	240	360	190	90	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	170	105	65	85	35	50
Master's degree	940	435	505	320	150	165
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	60	55	25	20	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,845	18,470	19,380	9,965	4,865	5,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,765	2,780	1,985	1,330	750	580
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,270	6,020	6,250	1,635	765	870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,805	9,665	11,140	6,995	3,345	3,650
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,870	2,975	895	2,485	1,465	1,015
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,585	1,025	560	1,915	1,020	895
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,290	1,955	335	570	450	120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,835	4,810	7,025	2,230	920	1,305
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	595	265	330	405	150	255
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,505	1,610	2,895	1,875	800	1,075
Bachelor's degree	3,340	1,170	2,170	1,380	590	790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	390	120	270	145	55	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	55	45	75	30	45
Master's degree	610	230	380	255	110	150
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	30	35	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	63,505	31,175	32,330	15,775	7,605	8,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	33,435	16,555	16,880	6,450	3,040	3,410
Education	1,920	495	1,425	1,000	290	710
13. Education	1,920	500	1,425	1,000	285	710
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	915	455	460	220	65	160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	260	215	45	15	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	660	245	415	210	50	155
Humanities	1,050	390	660	315	170	140
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	30	50	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	290	50	240	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	255	95	155	190	100	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	35	20	25	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	170	90	75	25	25	0
54. History	165	80	85	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	30	40	20	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,815	660	2,150	520	165	360
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	0	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	190	45	145	60	35	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	745	50	695	160	15	150
22. Legal professions and studies	580	100	485	70	25	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	0	55	15	0	15
42. Psychology	475	85	390	95	10	85
45. Social sciences	715	375	345	115	75	40
Business, management and public administration	5,070	1,670	3,395	2,135	710	1,420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	605	100	505	115	25	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,455	1,570	2,885	2,015	680	1,335
Physical and life sciences and technologies	735	370	365	245	130	120
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	325	135	195	55	15	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	70	85	35	20	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	65	25	40
40. Physical sciences	170	125	45	75	50	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	45	35	15	15	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	640	375	270	170	115	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	470	280	190	130	110	25
25. Library science	60	10	50	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	80	35	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,540	7,250	285	2,065	1,985	80
04. Architecture and related services	110	80	30	50	25	25
14. Engineering	455	415	35	185	175	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,530	1,400	130	350	325	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,060	2,030	30	585	575	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,405	2,365	35	515	505	0
48. Precision production	980	955	25	380	375	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,160	835	330	230	175	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	650	455	200	115	85	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	505	380	130	115	95	20
Health and related fields	5,435	690	4,745	1,515	320	1,205
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	520	260	260	145	95	50
51. Health professions and related programs	4,890	420	4,470	1,345	210	1,130
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	10	35	10	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,790	1,430	1,360	895	445	445
12. Personal and culinary services	1,200	225	975	590	170	420
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,140	785	360	165	145	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	425	395	25	130	125	0
Other	0	0	10	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,845	18,465	19,375	9,960	4,860	5,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,035	8,805	8,240	2,970	1,520	1,455
Education	1,105	295	810	645	175	465
13. Education	1,105	295	805	650	175	470
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	640	265	370	175	40	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	120	35	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	485	150	330	160	35	125
Humanities	640	235	400	175	95	80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	20	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	185	25	160	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	80	100	105	60	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	10	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	50	35	10	10	0
54. History	100	50	55	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	30	20	15	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,070	455	1,615	420	115	310
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	25	115	55	30	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	545	25	525	140	10	125
22. Legal professions and studies	455	70	385	60	20	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	0	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	325	55	275	75	10	70
45. Social sciences	520	280	240	85	50	35
Business, management and public administration	3,390	960	2,425	1,685	520	1,165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	495	70	425	90	25	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,895	895	2,000	1,595	500	1,100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	495	220	275	165	85	80
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	85	145	45	15	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	45	55	25	10	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	100	60	40	65	40	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	30	25	20	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	460	260	195	150	100	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	375	220	150	120	95	25
25. Library science	30	0	20	20	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,115	4,905	210	1,600	1,525	75
04. Architecture and related services	75	55	20	40	10	25
14. Engineering	255	230	30	165	155	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,060	970	90	260	240	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,435	1,420	20	455	440	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,660	1,630	30	385	380	0
48. Precision production	625	600	20	290	290	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	880	615	265	175	125	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	485	315	170	100	65	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	395	300	100	80	60	20
Health and related fields	4,020	465	3,555	1,110	225	885
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	380	165	210	90	65	25
51. Health professions and related programs	3,620	280	3,340	985	150	830
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	30	10	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,000	990	1,010	695	335	360
12. Personal and culinary services	805	145	660	445	105	345
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	865	535	330	140	130	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	305	15	105	100	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	63,505	31,175	32,335	15,775	7,610	8,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,435	16,550	16,880	6,450	3,040	3,415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,070	14,620	15,455	9,320	4,570	4,755
Location of study inside Canada	28,175	13,610	14,570	9,190	4,485	4,700
Same as province or territory of residence	27,000	12,995	14,005	9,045	4,420	4,625
Different than province or territory of residence	1,175	610	565	140	65	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,895	1,015	880	130	80	55
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	310	165	145	30	25	0
Philippines	50	0	55	0	0	0
India	65	30	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	665	395	270	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	10	25	10	0	10
France	25	10	15	30	20	10
Other	750	410	340	60	30	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,845	18,465	19,375	9,960	4,860	5,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,040	8,805	8,235	2,970	1,520	1,450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20,805	9,665	11,140	6,995	3,345	3,650
Location of study inside Canada	19,890	9,210	10,680	6,870	3,275	3,595
Same as province or territory of residence	19,140	8,825	10,315	6,790	3,250	3,545
Different than province or territory of residence	745	380	370	75	30	55
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	915	460	455	125	65	55
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	205	100	105	25	20	10
Philippines	40	0	40	0	0	0
India	50	20	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	205	120	85	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	10	0	10
France	10	0	0	25	15	10
Other	375	205	170	65	30	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	63,510	31,175	32,330	15,775	7,605	8,165
In the labour force	36,165	18,735	17,425	9,705	5,055	4,650
Employed	33,365	17,150	16,210	9,195	4,740	4,455
Unemployed	2,795	1,585	1,210	505	310	195
Not in the labour force	27,345	12,435	14,905	6,070	2,555	3,520
Participation rate	56.9	60.1	53.9	61.5	66.5	57.0
Employment rate	52.5	55.0	50.1	58.3	62.3	54.6
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.5	6.9	5.2	6.1	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	63,505	31,175	32,335	15,775	7,610	8,170
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,750	11,640	14,115	5,475	2,305	3,170
Worked	37,755	19,540	18,225	10,305	5,300	5,000
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,470	11,020	8,445	4,910	2,675	2,235
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,290	8,515	9,775	5,390	2,630	2,760
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.3	42.7	42.6	42.9	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	36,165	18,735	17,430	9,700	5,050	4,650
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	705	380	320	140	75	65
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	35,460	18,355	17,105	9,565	4,980	4,585
Employee	30,295	15,075	15,225	8,725	4,490	4,235
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,160	3,280	1,880	840	490	350
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	36,165	18,740	17,425	9,700	5,050	4,650
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	700	385	320	140	75	65
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	35,460	18,355	17,105	9,565	4,980	4,585
0 Management occupations	3,800	2,350	1,450	930	605	325
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,495	900	3,600	1,355	430	935
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,245	940	305	460	365	105
3 Health occupations	2,635	275	2,360	850	170	680
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,895	1,190	2,705	1,250	370	880
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	605	215	390	195	95	105
6 Sales and service occupations	8,280	3,170	5,110	2,510	1,090	1,415
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,785	7,290	490	1,210	1,185	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,110	900	220	145	130	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,610	1,135	475	655	545	105
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	36,165	18,735	17,425	9,705	5,055	4,650
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	700	380	320	140	75	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	35,460	18,355	17,105	9,560	4,980	4,585
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,340	915	420	230	170	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	245	205	30	125	90	40
22 Utilities	500	425	75	100	70	25
23 Construction	4,145	3,705	445	475	405	70
31-33 Manufacturing	2,865	2,100	765	1,150	910	245
41 Wholesale trade	1,085	820	265	280	230	55
44-45 Retail trade	4,570	2,160	2,410	1,445	735	715
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,565	1,105	455	415	340	75
51 Information and cultural industries	470	245	225	150	95	55
52 Finance and insurance	1,020	280	740	215	85	130
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	590	275	315	80	65	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,630	710	915	385	185	200
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	15	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,720	1,010	710	330	220	105
61 Educational services	2,255	650	1,605	795	250	540
62 Health care and social assistance	4,510	520	3,990	1,480	285	1,200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	900	450	450	95	60	40
72 Accommodation and food services	1,980	655	1,325	980	365	610
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,740	870	870	425	200	225
91 Public administration	2,295	1,220	1,080	410	220	185
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	33,365	17,150	16,215	9,200	4,745	4,455
Worked at home	3,170	1,635	1,535	415	175	245
Worked outside Canada	105	60	40	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,045	3,825	1,220	615	455	160
Worked at usual place	25,050	11,630	13,420	8,170	4,115	4,050
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,045	11,630	13,415	8,170	4,110	4,055
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,715	5,445	8,265	6,755	3,330	3,420
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	565	335	230
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,260	6,130	5,125	825	425	390
Commute to a different province or territory	75	50	25	20	20	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30,095	15,455	14,635	8,785	4,570	4,215
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,305	13,670	12,635	7,440	3,890	3,550
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,790	900	895	445	205	240
Public transit	295	75	220	65	30	35
Walked	1,325	620	710	670	325	345
Bicycle	145	85	65	55	40	15
Other method	225	110	120	105	70	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30,090	15,455	14,635	8,785	4,565	4,215
Less than 15 minutes	8,405	3,620	4,785	6,445	3,220	3,225
15 to 29 minutes	8,315	3,685	4,630	1,525	855	665
30 to 44 minutes	5,150	2,605	2,540	480	290	190
45 to 59 minutes	2,965	1,675	1,285	115	60	50
60 minutes and over	5,255	3,860	1,390	215	135	85
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30,090	15,455	14,635	8,780	4,565	4,215
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,965	2,080	885	290	210	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,705	3,610	2,095	1,295	940	355
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,585	3,675	3,915	3,050	1,575	1,470
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,955	2,110	3,850	2,065	800	1,270
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,550	910	1,640	720	270	450
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,330	3,070	2,260	1,355	775	580
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	39,015	20,180	18,840	10,515	5,415	5,100
Single responses	38,900	20,110	18,790	10,340	5,325	5,015
Official languages	38,820	20,070	18,750	10,340	5,320	5,015
English	38,760	20,065	18,690	110	65	40
French	60	10	60	10,230	5,255	4,980
Non-official languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	30	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	70	45	180	90	85
English and French	50	30	15	175	90	80
English and non-official language	70	45	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	39,015	20,180	18,835	10,515	5,415	5,105
None	38,495	19,980	18,510	8,930	4,440	4,485
English	110	25	85	1,495	905	590
French	275	105	170	65	45	20
Non-official language	145	70	70	15	15	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	140	75	70	20	15	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	72,710	35,845	36,860	18,245	8,870	9,375
Non-movers	65,350	32,250	33,095	15,985	7,740	8,240
Movers	7,360	3,600	3,770	2,260	1,130	1,130
Non-migrants	3,400	1,695	1,705	1,320	655	670
Migrants	3,965	1,900	2,065	940	475	465
Internal migrants	3,795	1,825	1,965	925	460	460
Intraprovincial migrants	3,545	1,705	1,840	910	450	455
Interprovincial migrants	250	125	125	15	10	10
External migrants	170	70	100	15	15	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	70,335	34,610	35,720	17,525	8,505	9,015
Non-movers	48,680	24,160	24,520	11,380	5,440	5,940
Movers	21,660	10,455	11,210	6,140	3,070	3,075
Non-migrants	9,860	4,720	5,135	3,520	1,750	1,770
Migrants	11,805	5,735	6,070	2,620	1,320	1,305
Internal migrants	11,455	5,555	5,900	2,470	1,245	1,225
Intraprovincial migrants	10,910	5,275	5,635	2,395	1,205	1,190
Interprovincial migrants	545	280	265	80	40	40
External migrants	345	175	175	155	80	75

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kawartha Lakes, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Rivière-du-Loup, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 12, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kawartha Lakes, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Rivière-du-Loup, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kawartha Lakes, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Rivière-du-Loup, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kawartha Lakes, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Rivière-du-Loup, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec