Census Profile, 2016 Census
York, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario and Alberta [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	York, RM Ontario [Census division]			Alberta [Province]
	Data quality , York, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario  Map : York, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberta [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,109,909	...	...	4,067,175	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,032,524	...	...	3,645,257	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.5	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	369,928	...	...	1,654,129	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	357,084	...	...	1,527,678	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	629.9	...	...	6.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,762.13	...	...	640,330.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,109,910	540,755	569,150	4,067,175	2,039,410	2,027,765
0 to 14 years	195,575	100,440	95,130	779,155	399,570	379,580
0 to 4 years	57,235	29,205	28,025	266,515	136,520	129,995
5 to 9 years	67,345	34,665	32,680	270,715	138,990	131,725
10 to 14 years	71,000	36,575	34,430	241,920	124,060	117,860
15 to 64 years	752,410	365,525	386,885	2,787,805	1,408,150	1,379,655
15 to 19 years	74,910	38,615	36,295	240,035	123,625	116,410
20 to 24 years	71,965	37,465	34,495	261,830	133,990	127,840
25 to 29 years	63,860	32,140	31,720	310,940	156,715	154,225
30 to 34 years	62,910	30,105	32,800	333,175	167,555	165,620
35 to 39 years	68,510	31,260	37,255	305,505	153,655	151,850
40 to 44 years	81,615	37,885	43,730	281,205	142,545	138,660
45 to 49 years	89,925	42,655	47,270	269,030	135,855	133,180
50 to 54 years	92,240	44,860	47,380	284,310	142,205	142,100
55 to 59 years	80,930	39,135	41,795	275,540	138,565	136,970
60 to 64 years	65,540	31,395	34,140	226,230	113,440	112,790
65 years and over	161,925	74,790	87,135	500,215	231,690	268,530
65 to 69 years	56,415	27,155	29,260	173,680	85,500	88,180
70 to 74 years	37,465	17,900	19,570	117,035	56,430	60,610
75 to 79 years	28,670	13,525	15,145	83,955	39,105	44,845
80 to 84 years	20,175	9,160	11,020	62,165	27,590	34,575
85 years and over	19,195	7,055	12,140	63,385	23,065	40,320
85 to 89 years	12,215	4,850	7,365	39,965	16,050	23,915
90 to 94 years	5,435	1,780	3,650	18,025	5,755	12,275
95 to 99 years	1,355	380	980	4,735	1,145	3,595
100 years and over	190	45	145	650	115	535
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.6	16.7	19.2	19.6	18.7
15 to 64 years	67.8	67.6	68.0	68.5	69.0	68.0
65 years and over	14.6	13.8	15.3	12.3	11.4	13.2
85 years and over	1.7	1.3	2.1	1.6	1.1	2.0
Average age of the population	39.9	39.0	40.7	37.8	37.2	38.4
Median age of the population	41.1	40.0	42.0	36.7	36.2	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	357,085	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Single-detached house	227,725	...	...	946,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	36,805	...	...	62,395	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	92,440	...	...	471,090	...	...
Semi-detached house	21,945	...	...	86,765	...	...
Row house	43,890	...	...	116,625	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15,170	...	...	43,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,085	...	...	223,360	...	...
Other single-attached house	355	...	...	1,245	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	110	...	...	47,970	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	357,080	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
1 person	52,505	...	...	366,080	...	...
2 persons	93,885	...	...	524,415	...	...
3 persons	72,070	...	...	245,075	...	...
4 persons	83,360	...	...	233,770	...	...
5 or more persons	55,270	...	...	158,335	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,100,950	...	...	3,978,145	...	...
Average household size	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	914,340	440,315	474,015	3,288,020	1,639,835	1,648,185
Married or living common law	565,770	281,540	284,225	1,969,300	988,410	980,895
Married	529,195	263,360	265,835	1,648,945	828,155	820,790
Living common law	36,570	18,180	18,395	320,350	160,250	160,100
Not married and not living common law	348,570	158,775	189,795	1,318,720	651,430	667,290
Never married	245,890	129,890	116,005	905,700	505,310	400,390
Separated	18,855	7,115	11,745	76,150	34,000	42,150
Divorced	41,075	14,095	26,980	195,850	82,040	113,815
Widowed	42,745	7,680	35,065	141,020	30,080	110,940
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	319,535	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
2 persons	119,170	...	...	540,850	...	...
3 persons	81,005	...	...	235,245	...	...
4 persons	88,875	...	...	227,165	...	...
5 or more persons	30,485	...	...	111,330	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	319,535	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
Total couple families	275,595	...	...	953,325	...	...
Married couples	257,325	...	...	793,195	...	...
Common-law couples	18,270	...	...	160,130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	43,940	...	...	161,260	...	...
Female parent	35,455	...	...	123,490	...	...
Male parent	8,485	...	...	37,770	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	275,590	...	...	953,325	...	...
Couples without children	93,850	...	...	443,665	...	...
Couples with children	181,745	...	...	509,655	...	...
1 child	66,790	...	...	190,010	...	...
2 children	85,340	...	...	213,910	...	...
3 or more children	29,615	...	...	105,735	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	43,940	...	...	161,260	...	...
1 child	25,320	...	...	97,180	...	...
2 children	14,220	...	...	45,235	...	...
3 or more children	4,400	...	...	18,845	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	104,335	42,125	62,215	678,535	356,875	321,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	357,085	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One-census-family households	277,380	...	...	1,039,985	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	76,320	...	...	414,570	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	201,060	...	...	625,415	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20,350	...	...	36,120	...	...
Non-census-family households	59,350	...	...	451,570	...	...
One-person households	52,505	...	...	366,080	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	6,850	...	...	85,490	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,103,285	538,500	564,785	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English only	967,750	481,900	485,850	3,698,765	1,869,670	1,829,095
French only	485	195	290	3,895	1,725	2,165
English and French	73,200	30,955	42,250	264,720	124,400	140,315
Neither English nor French	61,855	25,455	36,405	59,280	24,715	34,565
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,103,290	538,500	564,785	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English	1,023,355	504,985	518,365	3,880,685	1,950,980	1,929,705
French	8,855	3,925	4,925	71,535	37,205	34,330
English and French	10,020	4,510	5,510	16,605	8,350	8,255
Neither English nor French	61,060	25,075	35,980	57,830	23,970	33,860
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	13,865	6,180	7,680	79,840	41,380	38,455
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.3	1.1	1.4	2.0	2.0	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,103,285	538,500	564,785	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
Single responses	1,063,225	519,200	544,030	3,934,580	1,975,615	1,958,970
Official languages	533,450	267,420	266,035	3,063,640	1,552,475	1,511,165
English	525,395	263,835	261,565	2,991,485	1,515,025	1,476,460
French	8,055	3,585	4,465	72,150	37,450	34,705
Non-official languages	529,775	251,775	277,995	870,940	423,140	447,805
Aboriginal languages	50	25	30	23,835	11,290	12,550
Algonquian languages	40	15	25	18,295	8,665	9,630
Blackfoot	5	5	0	2,750	1,305	1,445
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	14,960	7,105	7,850
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	50	15	35
Plains Cree	0	0	0	720	280	435
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	50	20	35
Woods Cree	0	0	0	910	430	480
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	13,220	6,355	6,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	10	20	550	235	315
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway	25	10	20	525	230	300
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15	5	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	1,865	865	1,000
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	1,855	860	990
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	35	15	15
Carrier	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	1,470	710	760
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Gwich'in	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	70	20	45
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	200	90	115
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	5	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	155	70	80
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	25
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	120	35	85
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	5	10
Inuktitut	0	0	0	60	20	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	30
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	10	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	5	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	80	45	35
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	3,370	1,630	1,745
Dakota	0	0	0	350	165	185
Stoney	0	0	0	3,020	1,460	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	5	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	529,725	251,755	277,970	847,105	411,850	435,255
Afro-Asiatic languages	19,725	9,945	9,785	68,415	36,215	32,200
Berber languages	15	10	5	340	190	145
Kabyle	10	5	0	165	90	75
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	175	100	75
Cushitic languages	320	140	185	12,525	6,495	6,030
Bilen	0	0	0	315	185	130
Oromo	25	15	15	2,650	1,375	1,275
Somali	300	125	170	9,520	4,915	4,605
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Semitic languages	19,375	9,780	9,595	55,425	29,450	25,980
Amharic	205	90	110	7,320	3,605	3,720
Arabic	10,465	5,220	5,240	40,540	21,840	18,705
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	1,725	830	895	400	210	190
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	505	260	250	145	80	65
Harari	50	20	25	260	135	120
Hebrew	5,795	3,060	2,735	960	505	460
Maltese	370	175	195	75	30	40
Tigrigna	140	65	75	5,415	2,880	2,535
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	130	60	70	305	155	145
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	130	80	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,975	3,590	4,385	25,295	11,760	13,535
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,255	600	655	1,925	910	1,010
Vietnamese	6,715	2,995	3,725	23,350	10,840	12,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	15,610	5,770	9,845	115,405	50,190	65,210
Bikol	40	20	20	425	205	225
Cebuano	375	135	240	5,135	2,155	2,980
Fijian	10	0	0	125	75	50
Hiligaynon	180	60	120	1,500	640	855
Ilocano	830	325	505	5,350	2,310	3,040
Malagasy	5	0	5	35	10	25
Malay	815	365	450	1,460	615	845
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	80	35	45	765	370	390
Pangasinan	35	20	15	290	115	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	13,160	4,770	8,390	99,035	43,120	55,920
Waray-Waray	30	15	15	305	145	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	55	20	35	980	430	550
Creole languages	480	235	240	1,895	990	910
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	95	45	50
Creole, n.o.s.	345	170	175	1,175	640	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	135	70	65	625	305	325
Dravidian languages	23,920	11,585	12,335	13,490	7,075	6,415
Kannada	210	115	100	535	270	265
Malayalam	1,445	710	730	6,345	3,285	3,060
Tamil	21,545	10,410	11,140	4,430	2,360	2,070
Telugu	705	350	355	2,130	1,135	995
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	50	25	25
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	5	105	55	45
Indo-European languages	238,555	114,865	123,685	442,685	220,330	222,355
Albanian	1,435	705	730	2,345	1,270	1,075
Armenian	3,435	1,685	1,750	500	250	245
Balto-Slavic languages	52,545	24,580	27,965	80,330	37,750	42,580
Baltic languages	635	250	380	1,010	475	535
Latvian	250	90	155	415	195	220
Lithuanian	380	160	220	600	285	315
Slavic languages	51,915	24,330	27,585	79,325	37,275	42,050
Belarusan	115	50	65	65	30	30
Bosnian	145	65	75	1,835	915	920
Bulgarian	760	365	400	1,545	790	755
Croatian	1,155	545	610	4,655	2,340	2,320
Czech	435	190	250	3,000	1,430	1,575
Macedonian	2,640	1,255	1,385	360	185	175
Polish	4,400	2,005	2,395	20,130	9,425	10,705
Russian	37,315	17,570	19,745	17,810	8,150	9,665
Serbian	1,545	780	765	4,020	2,035	1,985
Serbo-Croatian	165	85	80	970	480	485
Slovak	430	175	250	2,185	1,070	1,115
Slovene (Slovenian)	455	210	245	695	320	370
Ukrainian	2,295	1,000	1,295	21,835	9,985	11,850
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	215	120	100
Celtic languages	45	25	25	370	200	170
Scottish Gaelic	20	10	5	135	70	65
Welsh	25	15	10	175	85	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	65	40	25
Germanic languages	7,865	3,620	4,250	104,260	51,525	52,735
Afrikaans	165	75	90	3,010	1,475	1,535
Danish	275	135	145	2,380	1,245	1,135
Dutch	1,455	685	770	16,135	8,095	8,045
Frisian	20	5	10	360	200	160
German	4,750	2,175	2,575	80,050	39,435	40,615
Icelandic	10	5	10	115	55	60
Norwegian	40	20	25	815	370	445
Swedish	140	55	80	875	405	470
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	15	320	150	170
Yiddish	975	440	535	140	70	70
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	55	30	25
Greek	7,465	3,630	3,840	3,130	1,655	1,475
Indo-Iranian languages	82,575	40,810	41,770	166,805	85,250	81,560
Indo-Aryan languages	43,850	21,545	22,300	145,900	74,320	71,580
Bengali	1,585	815	770	7,000	3,630	3,370
Gujarati	9,475	4,590	4,875	13,140	6,785	6,355
Hindi	5,300	2,580	2,715	17,055	8,675	8,385
Kashmiri	40	20	20	105	60	50
Konkani	175	80	90	370	190	185
Marathi	430	210	225	1,510	775	730
Nepali	125	60	65	5,175	2,690	2,490
Oriya (Odia)	35	20	20	190	100	90
Punjabi (Panjabi)	9,750	4,870	4,880	68,695	34,935	33,760
Sindhi	1,345	645	700	2,770	1,300	1,475
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	990	465	525	2,590	1,320	1,265
Urdu	14,610	7,200	7,410	27,295	13,865	13,430
Iranian languages	38,475	19,130	19,340	19,600	10,235	9,365
Kurdish	715	385	325	1,550	845	705
Pashto	605	300	310	2,560	1,320	1,235
Persian (Farsi)	37,160	18,450	18,705	15,490	8,070	7,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	255	130	120	1,310	695	615
Italic (Romance) languages	83,175	39,815	43,360	84,940	42,425	42,515
Catalan	20	5	10	75	30	45
Italian	54,685	26,400	28,280	11,375	5,760	5,615
Portuguese	7,440	3,480	3,965	9,050	4,380	4,670
Romanian	6,560	3,115	3,445	8,035	4,080	3,955
Spanish	14,440	6,795	7,640	56,370	28,160	28,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	35	20	15
Japanese	1,165	425	740	4,875	1,715	3,160
Kartvelian languages	190	105	90	230	130	105
Georgian	185	105	85	230	130	100
Korean	12,955	6,155	6,805	17,920	8,485	9,435
Mongolic languages	20	10	10	545	255	290
Mongolian	20	10	10	540	255	290
Niger-Congo languages	1,410	680	730	15,360	7,870	7,495
Akan (Twi)	385	185	200	1,755	915	835
Bamanankan	5	5	0	35	20	15
Edo	40	20	15	275	155	120
Ewe	40	20	20	245	145	100
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	5	10	230	120	100
Ga	30	15	15	145	80	65
Ganda	25	15	15	280	145	135
Igbo	140	70	75	1,165	625	540
Lingala	10	5	5	270	130	140
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	605	305	295
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	805	405	400
Shona	35	15	20	1,100	545	555
Swahili	270	125	145	2,380	1,160	1,215
Wolof	0	0	0	280	165	110
Yoruba	225	120	105	2,435	1,305	1,125
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	170	85	85	3,370	1,640	1,735
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	15	15	2,720	1,395	1,330
Dinka	0	0	0	1,345	705	640
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	1,375	685	690
Sign languages	150	85	65	830	440	390
American Sign Language	25	15	10	335	165	165
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	125	75	55	495	275	225
Sino-Tibetan languages	199,205	94,330	104,875	122,450	57,740	64,705
Chinese languages	198,980	94,225	104,755	120,375	56,675	63,700
Cantonese	108,675	51,650	57,030	59,145	27,755	31,385
Hakka	2,980	1,395	1,585	990	465	530
Mandarin	78,965	37,350	41,615	50,660	23,940	26,720
Min Dong	275	125	145	115	50	65
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	3,615	1,690	1,930	3,060	1,375	1,695
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,795	810	990	630	305	330
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,610	1,180	1,430	5,725	2,770	2,955
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	55	30	30	40	15	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	225	105	120	2,075	1,065	1,005
Burmese	170	75	90	430	230	200
Karenic languages	0	0	0	795	415	380
Tibetan	35	20	15	575	295	275
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	275	130	140
Tai-Kadai languages	1,030	435	595	2,670	955	1,710
Lao	750	355	400	1,020	485	535
Thai	270	80	185	1,630	465	1,165
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	20	10	15
Turkic languages	3,230	1,665	1,570	4,050	2,250	1,800
Azerbaijani	585	315	270	365	215	155
Turkish	2,420	1,240	1,185	3,140	1,760	1,375
Uyghur	20	5	5	130	70	60
Uzbek	100	45	55	205	115	90
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	215	95	120
Uralic languages	3,990	1,820	2,170	7,470	3,600	3,870
Estonian	335	140	190	190	90	105
Finnish	575	240	335	810	330	480
Hungarian	3,080	1,435	1,645	6,470	3,185	3,285
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	35	40	690	415	280
Multiple responses	40,060	19,300	20,760	92,070	44,900	47,175
English and French	2,110	980	1,135	10,230	4,950	5,280
English and non-official language	35,875	17,400	18,475	77,520	37,815	39,705
French and non-official language	865	395	470	2,685	1,375	1,305
English, French and non-official language	1,205	535	675	1,640	760	880
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,103,285	538,500	564,790	4,026,655	2,020,510	2,006,145
Single responses	1,004,035	490,600	513,435	3,837,615	1,928,230	1,909,385
Official languages	687,865	340,820	347,050	3,354,885	1,690,490	1,664,395
English	684,910	339,505	345,405	3,327,255	1,676,360	1,650,895
French	2,960	1,315	1,645	27,630	14,130	13,500
Non-official languages	316,170	149,780	166,390	482,725	237,740	244,990
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	9,970	4,940	5,020
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	7,175	3,575	3,605
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,110	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5,875	2,925	2,945
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	125	60	60
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	600	300	295
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5,120	2,540	2,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	190	95	95
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	5	0	185	90	95
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	5	5	620	320	300
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	620	325	300
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	5	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	540	280	260
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	5	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,125	1,025	1,095
Dakota	0	0	0	175	85	85
Stoney	0	0	0	1,945	935	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	316,155	149,775	166,385	472,760	232,800	239,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	9,110	4,435	4,675	43,770	22,535	21,235
Berber languages	5	0	5	200	105	95
Kabyle	5	0	5	90	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	105	60	45
Cushitic languages	165	75	95	9,220	4,750	4,470
Bilen	0	0	0	280	160	115
Oromo	15	10	5	2,075	1,060	1,015
Somali	145	60	85	6,850	3,520	3,325
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Semitic languages	8,935	4,360	4,575	34,310	17,660	16,655
Amharic	65	30	35	4,915	2,390	2,530
Arabic	4,660	2,225	2,440	24,230	12,555	11,675
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	1,030	465	565	260	130	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	270	130	140	95	50	40
Harari	15	10	10	165	80	85
Hebrew	2,700	1,420	1,280	460	235	225
Maltese	55	25	30	15	10	10
Tigrigna	65	30	30	3,955	2,095	1,860
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	70	25	45	210	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,495	2,030	2,465	16,355	7,635	8,715
Khmer (Cambodian)	725	315	405	960	460	500
Vietnamese	3,770	1,715	2,055	15,380	7,175	8,205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	5,830	2,490	3,340	60,860	28,765	32,100
Bikol	5	0	0	70	40	35
Cebuano	115	45	70	2,110	1,015	1,090
Fijian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	45	15	25	470	215	255
Ilocano	295	125	170	1,975	935	1,035
Malagasy	5	5	0	20	10	10
Malay	295	155	145	405	205	195
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	10	15	220	110	110
Pangasinan	0	0	0	45	20	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5,020	2,115	2,900	55,105	26,005	29,100
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	125	60	60
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	280	120	155
Creole languages	245	120	120	970	495	475
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	50	25	25
Creole, n.o.s.	190	90	100	655	345	310
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	270	125	140
Dravidian languages	15,295	7,210	8,080	8,460	4,335	4,125
Kannada	70	35	40	210	105	105
Malayalam	640	310	330	4,060	2,070	1,990
Tamil	14,250	6,700	7,545	2,915	1,515	1,395
Telugu	330	165	170	1,245	635	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	30	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Indo-European languages	114,395	54,195	60,200	230,270	115,280	114,995
Albanian	665	325	340	1,060	570	485
Armenian	1,780	850	930	215	115	105
Balto-Slavic languages	29,765	14,155	15,615	30,220	14,820	15,400
Baltic languages	175	80	90	410	210	200
Latvian	50	20	25	165	85	80
Lithuanian	130	60	70	250	125	120
Slavic languages	29,590	14,065	15,520	29,815	14,610	15,205
Belarusan	40	20	20	15	10	5
Bosnian	55	25	30	785	400	385
Bulgarian	360	160	195	825	415	405
Croatian	295	140	155	1,800	905	895
Czech	70	35	40	875	440	430
Macedonian	890	405	480	175	90	85
Polish	1,545	745	800	7,705	3,675	4,030
Russian	24,545	11,685	12,855	10,145	4,965	5,175
Serbian	690	340	350	2,100	1,045	1,055
Serbo-Croatian	50	25	25	315	160	155
Slovak	110	50	65	710	345	365
Slovene (Slovenian)	85	40	45	150	70	75
Ukrainian	855	390	465	4,180	2,060	2,110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	55	30	25
Celtic languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	5
Welsh	0	0	5	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Germanic languages	795	375	420	40,915	20,280	20,625
Afrikaans	40	20	25	1,705	835	875
Danish	15	5	10	150	75	75
Dutch	80	40	40	1,980	985	1,000
Frisian	0	0	0	60	30	30
German	565	265	305	36,295	18,010	18,290
Icelandic	5	0	5	30	15	15
Norwegian	5	0	0	60	20	35
Swedish	25	10	15	145	65	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Yiddish	60	30	25	15	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	425	215	210
Greek	2,315	1,080	1,230	1,015	490	525
Indo-Iranian languages	49,735	24,025	25,705	111,975	56,535	55,445
Indo-Aryan languages	23,260	11,135	12,120	98,610	49,790	48,815
Bengali	830	410	420	4,530	2,300	2,225
Gujarati	5,080	2,360	2,720	8,025	4,085	3,935
Hindi	2,420	1,165	1,255	9,945	5,115	4,825
Kashmiri	15	5	5	50	20	25
Konkani	30	15	15	75	40	40
Marathi	165	80	85	845	440	405
Nepali	70	35	35	3,710	1,905	1,805
Oriya (Odia)	20	10	10	95	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,370	2,610	2,760	51,010	25,720	25,295
Sindhi	465	215	250	1,240	575	665
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	420	200	225	1,480	750	730
Urdu	8,370	4,045	4,325	17,600	8,795	8,810
Iranian languages	26,360	12,830	13,530	12,720	6,415	6,305
Kurdish	350	190	165	850	440	410
Pashto	310	145	165	1,640	845	795
Persian (Farsi)	25,705	12,505	13,205	10,230	5,135	5,100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	55	55	650	325	325
Italic (Romance) languages	29,340	13,380	15,965	44,830	22,445	22,385
Catalan	10	5	5	35	10	20
Italian	16,485	7,255	9,230	2,840	1,275	1,560
Portuguese	2,320	1,105	1,210	3,905	1,875	2,030
Romanian	3,365	1,575	1,785	4,135	2,115	2,020
Spanish	7,165	3,430	3,735	33,910	17,160	16,755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	10	5	5
Japanese	535	240	305	2,245	945	1,300
Kartvelian languages	90	50	35	160	85	70
Georgian	90	55	30	160	85	70
Korean	9,210	4,435	4,770	12,775	6,205	6,570
Mongolic languages	15	10	0	335	160	175
Mongolian	15	5	0	335	155	175
Niger-Congo languages	355	150	205	5,600	2,725	2,875
Akan (Twi)	140	60	85	845	415	430
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	5	5	5	70	35	35
Ewe	10	5	5	80	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	105	55	45
Ga	5	5	5	40	20	20
Ganda	0	0	0	95	50	50
Igbo	35	10	25	265	125	145
Lingala	0	0	0	85	35	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	280	135	145
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	350	175	170
Shona	10	5	5	410	190	225
Swahili	65	25	35	1,090	530	565
Wolof	5	5	0	170	95	75
Yoruba	35	15	20	690	340	350
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	1,015	485	535
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	1,525	765	755
Dinka	0	0	0	800	420	380
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	725	350	375
Sign languages	240	135	105	1,095	630	465
American Sign Language	50	25	25	325	170	155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	190	115	80	765	455	310
Sino-Tibetan languages	152,975	72,665	80,310	82,380	39,230	43,155
Chinese languages	152,870	72,615	80,250	80,880	38,455	42,420
Cantonese	83,405	39,255	44,145	38,275	17,810	20,460
Hakka	1,285	595	690	315	135	185
Mandarin	63,770	30,715	33,060	37,125	18,030	19,095
Min Dong	80	30	50	20	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,505	695	810	1,245	540	705
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,125	540	580	340	175	165
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,675	770	905	3,550	1,760	1,785
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	105	50	60	1,500	770	730
Burmese	75	35	45	280	145	130
Karenic languages	0	0	0	665	340	320
Tibetan	20	10	10	420	220	200
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	140	65	75
Tai-Kadai languages	440	215	225	1,130	505	625
Lao	360	175	180	465	215	245
Thai	75	35	40	655	285	370
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	10	5	10
Turkic languages	1,680	830	850	2,390	1,270	1,120
Azerbaijani	250	125	125	155	90	75
Turkish	1,350	660	690	1,945	1,030	915
Uyghur	5	0	5	80	45	40
Uzbek	25	15	15	135	70	65
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	20	70	35	25
Uralic languages	1,220	550	670	2,130	1,040	1,085
Estonian	65	30	40	25	10	15
Finnish	120	55	70	105	50	50
Hungarian	1,030	465	565	1,995	980	1,015
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	240	140	95
Multiple responses	99,250	47,900	51,350	189,040	92,280	96,760
English and French	1,770	825	945	6,885	3,410	3,475
English and non-official language	95,380	46,190	49,190	178,070	86,895	91,170
French and non-official language	285	120	165	1,125	540	580
English, French and non-official language	1,815	765	1,045	2,965	1,430	1,530
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,103,290	538,500	564,785	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
None	817,470	401,410	416,065	3,492,295	1,760,240	1,732,055
English	125,870	61,690	64,180	221,305	110,655	110,650
French	7,615	3,195	4,420	41,840	19,470	22,375
Non-official language	147,335	69,965	77,370	262,255	125,640	136,615
Aboriginal	40	20	20	17,430	8,325	9,105
Non-Aboriginal	147,290	69,940	77,350	244,825	117,315	127,510
English and French	780	345	435	1,535	775	760
English and non-official language	2,665	1,285	1,375	4,545	2,345	2,195
French and non-official language	1,510	595	915	2,795	1,340	1,455
English, French and non-official language	40	15	20	85	50	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	905,545	437,285	468,255	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	859,850	414,745	445,100	3,053,470	1,528,275	1,525,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,994	39,340	28,446	42,717	54,891	33,213
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	860,030	414,795	445,230	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,288	35,405	26,477	38,067	47,131	30,478
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	778,115	383,045	395,075	2,839,590	1,458,560	1,381,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,297	40,255	27,763	42,330	54,528	32,099
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	606,580	265,135	341,445	1,785,065	711,210	1,073,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,953	903	3,232	4,093	3,834	4,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	649,045	328,720	320,325	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,030
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,290	42,476	31,343	42,679	54,361	32,982
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	905,545	437,285	468,255	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	859,565	414,630	444,930	3,054,555	1,528,100	1,526,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,867	60,882	41,534	62,778	80,001	45,535
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	859,730	414,685	445,045	3,055,230	1,528,240	1,526,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,049	47,768	34,789	50,683	62,938	38,417
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	777,375	383,010	394,365	2,840,675	1,458,210	1,382,465
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,547	62,198	41,204	62,997	80,282	44,766
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	607,260	265,620	341,640	1,784,345	710,105	1,074,240
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,013	5,350	6,529	7,175	7,298	7,093
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	649,045	328,905	320,140	2,473,665	1,299,805	1,173,855
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,177	61,657	42,437	59,343	74,073	43,031
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	905,540	437,290	468,255	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	319,420	178,480	140,940	1,152,385	669,770	482,615
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	59,914	65,701	53,923	64,090	73,781	53,836
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	75,216	84,288	63,728	81,586	94,822	63,218
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	91.6	94.4	87.9	93.3	95.8	89.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.6	80.6	73.5	76.5	78.9	72.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	8.4	5.6	12.1	6.7	4.2	10.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	905,545	437,290	468,255	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without total income	45,695	22,545	23,150	152,585	74,410	78,170
With total income	859,850	414,745	445,105	3,053,470	1,528,280	1,525,190
Percentage with total income	95.0	94.8	95.1	95.2	95.4	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	153,565	67,250	86,315	389,580	146,450	243,130
$10,000 to $19,999	149,160	63,105	86,055	385,235	147,125	238,110
$20,000 to $29,999	101,740	43,910	57,830	364,915	142,810	222,105
$30,000 to $39,999	79,290	35,230	44,060	305,680	131,185	174,490
$40,000 to $49,999	71,465	32,350	39,115	286,615	133,715	152,900
$50,000 to $59,999	58,740	27,995	30,745	247,830	124,720	123,115
$60,000 to $69,999	48,310	24,785	23,525	205,840	114,405	91,430
$70,000 to $79,999	39,365	21,225	18,135	165,640	99,645	65,995
$80,000 to $89,999	33,210	18,765	14,445	132,720	82,700	50,020
$90,000 to $99,999	30,600	16,375	14,225	114,010	70,655	43,350
$100,000 and over	94,415	63,750	30,660	455,410	334,865	120,550
$100,000 to $149,999	60,710	38,970	21,740	274,185	191,710	82,475
$150,000 and over	33,705	24,785	8,915	181,225	143,150	38,075
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	905,545	437,285	468,255	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,365
Without after-tax income	45,520	22,490	23,025	151,915	74,270	77,645
With after-tax income	860,030	414,800	445,230	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	94.9	95.1	95.3	95.4	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	156,585	68,235	88,345	399,005	149,280	249,725
$10,000 to $19,999	154,935	65,800	89,140	402,780	154,330	248,450
$20,000 to $29,999	115,705	50,270	65,430	420,955	166,650	254,300
$30,000 to $39,999	94,875	42,500	52,370	377,590	169,665	207,925
$40,000 to $49,999	83,675	39,440	44,230	347,960	172,595	175,365
$50,000 to $59,999	65,245	33,265	31,980	276,970	153,985	122,985
$60,000 to $69,999	50,870	28,295	22,570	208,265	127,045	81,220
$70,000 to $79,999	43,065	23,825	19,245	160,580	100,970	59,610
$80,000 and over	95,075	63,160	31,915	460,030	333,895	126,140
$80,000 to $89,999	29,760	17,415	12,345	121,015	78,400	42,620
$90,000 to $99,999	17,845	11,675	6,165	82,020	57,375	24,645
$100,000 and over	47,470	34,065	13,405	257,000	198,120	58,875
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	905,545	437,290	468,255	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without employment income	256,500	108,570	147,930	732,385	301,060	431,330
With employment income	649,045	328,720	320,325	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,035
Percentage with employment income	71.7	75.2	68.4	77.2	81.2	73.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	79,430	36,680	42,755	273,835	122,830	151,005
$5,000 to $9,999	54,120	24,350	29,775	164,095	68,100	95,990
$10,000 to $19,999	88,210	41,275	46,935	274,105	113,680	160,430
$20,000 to $29,999	65,175	29,430	35,740	235,620	96,855	138,760
$30,000 to $39,999	58,215	26,065	32,150	227,450	100,650	126,805
$40,000 to $49,999	54,055	24,715	29,340	219,155	103,680	115,475
$50,000 to $59,999	45,970	22,510	23,460	195,145	99,285	95,860
$60,000 to $69,999	38,615	20,145	18,470	163,465	92,950	70,515
$70,000 to $79,999	32,120	17,875	14,250	135,150	83,240	51,910
$80,000 and over	133,130	85,670	47,455	585,640	420,365	165,280
$80,000 to $89,999	28,395	16,350	12,050	111,045	71,210	39,835
$90,000 to $99,999	27,645	14,705	12,935	99,785	62,305	37,480
$100,000 and over	77,085	54,615	22,470	374,815	286,855	87,960
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	357,085	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,776	...	...	93,835	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,804	...	...	80,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	52,500	...	...	366,080	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,454	...	...	47,948	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,026	...	...	41,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	304,585	...	...	1,161,600	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,385	...	...	111,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,578	...	...	94,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	357,085	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	122,446	...	...	125,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	98,832	...	...	101,361	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	52,565	...	...	365,000	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	57,702	...	...	64,341	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,180	...	...	52,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	304,515	...	...	1,162,675	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	133,622	...	...	144,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,921	...	...	116,821	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	357,085	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	5,500	...	...	21,660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,450	...	...	13,555	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,325	...	...	18,070	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	7,965	...	...	33,045	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	9,355	...	...	51,505	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10,455	...	...	38,615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10,985	...	...	42,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	11,085	...	...	46,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10,920	...	...	46,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10,870	...	...	46,825	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	21,215	...	...	95,425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20,700	...	...	95,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20,190	...	...	92,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	19,530	...	...	88,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	19,170	...	...	84,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	170,370	...	...	712,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	42,390	...	...	184,595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	34,225	...	...	142,910	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45,395	...	...	181,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	48,355	...	...	202,745	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	357,085	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	6,055	...	...	23,395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	3,525	...	...	13,860	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5,435	...	...	18,600	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	8,330	...	...	34,540	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10,155	...	...	55,010	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	11,380	...	...	44,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	12,270	...	...	50,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	12,625	...	...	55,645	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	13,085	...	...	57,695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	12,930	...	...	59,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25,790	...	...	119,200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25,055	...	...	116,250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	24,930	...	...	112,675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	23,930	...	...	106,235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	21,955	...	...	95,600	...	...
$100,000 and over	139,635	...	...	565,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	46,615	...	...	192,795	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	33,530	...	...	132,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	59,495	...	...	240,305	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	301,820	...	...	1,099,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,298	...	...	109,997	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,633	...	...	93,588	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.4	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	73,975	...	...	407,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,225	...	...	101,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,066	...	...	86,043	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	181,785	...	...	511,375	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,337	...	...	133,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,763	...	...	111,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	37,465	...	...	146,045	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,186	...	...	62,909	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,183	...	...	57,079	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	301,660	...	...	1,101,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	132,766	...	...	144,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,111	...	...	116,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	74,015	...	...	408,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	115,111	...	...	137,805	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,059	...	...	110,236	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	181,555	...	...	512,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	151,941	...	...	169,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,411	...	...	135,623	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	37,470	...	...	145,115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	77,761	...	...	80,406	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,120	...	...	68,470	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	73,925	32,615	41,305	577,475	308,835	268,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	33,437	36,813	31,250	42,598	47,903	37,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	30,558	33,044	28,942	37,648	41,340	33,785
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	73,920	32,525	41,395	573,385	306,195	267,190
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	49,689	54,146	46,187	56,856	63,468	49,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	40,315	43,053	38,164	46,559	50,990	41,481
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,100,950	537,640	563,305	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,650
In the bottom half of the distribution	445,670	212,490	233,185	1,527,695	739,210	788,485
In the bottom decile	91,175	43,965	47,215	293,490	143,880	149,605
In the second decile	89,325	41,370	47,955	278,635	128,055	150,575
In the third decile	86,835	41,200	45,640	297,695	142,090	155,605
In the fourth decile	85,940	41,350	44,590	315,570	154,815	160,760
In the fifth decile	92,395	44,610	47,785	342,305	170,375	171,935
In the top half of the distribution	655,280	325,155	330,125	2,450,450	1,259,285	1,191,160
In the sixth decile	99,705	48,690	51,015	366,250	183,860	182,390
In the seventh decile	111,200	54,605	56,600	397,275	201,465	195,810
In the eighth decile	127,460	62,975	64,485	443,585	227,385	216,200
In the ninth decile	148,525	73,995	74,535	522,545	268,995	253,555
In the top decile	168,380	84,890	83,495	720,795	377,585	343,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,100,690	537,525	563,165	3,925,220	1,971,735	1,953,485
0 to 17 years	240,140	123,460	116,685	893,255	458,330	434,925
0 to 5 years	69,750	35,665	34,085	310,080	158,825	151,260
18 to 64 years	705,355	341,145	364,210	2,580,730	1,298,440	1,282,295
65 years and over	155,190	72,920	82,275	451,235	214,965	236,265
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	132,450	63,060	69,395	363,890	171,945	191,940
0 to 17 years	34,050	17,770	16,285	114,215	58,665	55,555
0 to 5 years	10,015	5,240	4,775	41,755	21,350	20,400
18 to 64 years	80,570	37,700	42,870	210,870	98,415	112,455
65 years and over	17,825	7,590	10,240	38,800	14,875	23,925
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	11.7	12.3	9.3	8.7	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	14.2	14.4	14.0	12.8	12.8	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	14.4	14.7	14.0	13.5	13.4	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	11.1	11.8	8.2	7.6	8.8
65 years and over (%)	11.5	10.4	12.4	8.6	6.9	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	101,265	48,450	52,815	273,515	134,180	139,335
0 to 17 years	25,495	13,300	12,195	76,930	39,385	37,550
0 to 5 years	7,470	3,930	3,540	28,190	14,420	13,770
18 to 64 years	65,660	30,995	34,660	181,805	88,715	93,095
65 years and over	10,115	4,155	5,955	14,780	6,085	8,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.0	9.4	7.0	6.8	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.8	10.5	8.6	8.6	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.7	11.0	10.4	9.1	9.1	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.1	9.5	7.0	6.8	7.3
65 years and over (%)	6.5	5.7	7.2	3.3	2.8	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,100,950	537,640	563,305	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Official languages	1,039,185	512,470	526,715	3,920,530	1,974,435	1,946,095
English	1,038,690	512,245	526,440	3,916,805	1,972,800	1,944,005
French	73,385	30,930	42,455	264,600	123,940	140,660
Non-official languages	642,375	306,045	336,335	1,082,425	527,770	554,655
Aboriginal languages	130	65	65	36,465	17,415	19,045
Algonquian languages	120	55	60	29,675	14,120	15,555
Blackfoot	0	10	0	5,575	2,665	2,905
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	23,465	11,155	12,310
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	25	0	15
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	90	20	70
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,580	620	965
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swampy Cree	0	10	0	45	25	25
Woods Cree	10	0	0	1,135	525	610
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	20,665	9,990	10,675
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	35	15	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	100	45	55	955	425	530
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway	95	40	55	925	415	505
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	2,640	1,255	1,385
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	2,630	1,250	1,380
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	85	50	35
Carrier	0	0	0	45	10	35
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dene	0	0	0	2,010	975	1,035
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	75	30	45
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	285	140	145
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	190	90	100
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	45
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	135	50	80
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	60	20	35
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	20
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	40	25	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	25	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	145	75	70
Salish languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,050	2,005	2,045
Dakota	0	0	0	530	285	245
Stoney	0	0	0	3,650	1,790	1,855
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	642,250	305,980	336,270	1,046,245	510,495	535,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	36,690	18,525	18,170	96,210	50,675	45,535
Berber languages	35	20	20	540	335	205
Kabyle	0	0	0	225	125	90
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	315	210	110
Cushitic languages	455	205	255	15,445	8,055	7,385
Bilen	0	0	0	370	235	135
Oromo	55	30	25	3,125	1,625	1,500
Somali	405	175	230	12,030	6,240	5,795
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	20	40
Semitic languages	36,235	18,315	17,920	82,200	43,405	38,800
Amharic	450	225	225	10,870	5,595	5,275
Arabic	15,340	7,735	7,605	62,730	33,365	29,370
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	2,080	970	1,105	430	225	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	580	320	265	150	70	75
Harari	50	25	30	340	150	185
Hebrew	18,265	9,325	8,940	3,250	1,650	1,600
Maltese	545	280	270	145	85	55
Tigrigna	170	75	100	7,315	3,915	3,400
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	160	55	100	450	250	205
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	375	225	145
Austro-Asiatic languages	11,410	5,055	6,350	32,730	15,440	17,290
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,650	785	865	2,700	1,375	1,330
Vietnamese	9,805	4,295	5,510	30,150	14,130	16,015
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	20,200	7,420	12,780	145,745	63,615	82,130
Bikol	35	0	30	330	150	180
Cebuano	510	190	320	6,690	2,940	3,750
Fijian	15	10	0	340	195	145
Hiligaynon	120	55	70	1,760	745	1,020
Ilocano	1,150	450	700	7,370	3,160	4,215
Malagasy	25	15	0	80	40	40
Malay	1,220	535	685	3,040	1,435	1,610
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	95	45	50	1,185	565	625
Pangasinan	25	15	10	445	190	250
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	18,455	6,690	11,765	138,440	60,115	78,325
Waray-Waray	35	15	20	420	170	245
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	155	55	95	1,160	505	650
Creole languages	1,365	675	690	4,585	2,390	2,195
Haitian Creole	20	0	15	255	140	115
Creole, n.o.s.	795	400	395	2,675	1,425	1,250
Creole languages, n.i.e.	560	275	290	1,680	840	850
Dravidian languages	31,440	15,325	16,115	18,190	9,660	8,525
Kannada	375	175	195	1,035	520	515
Malayalam	1,955	930	1,025	8,150	4,255	3,900
Tamil	28,445	13,885	14,565	7,195	3,900	3,295
Telugu	1,210	600	610	2,910	1,560	1,345
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	0	15	150	80	70
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	115	55	55
Indo-European languages	307,865	148,660	159,205	550,490	274,510	275,980
Albanian	1,640	820	825	2,880	1,550	1,325
Armenian	3,950	1,900	2,055	530	255	275
Balto-Slavic languages	60,455	28,650	31,805	93,150	44,750	48,395
Baltic languages	890	390	505	1,360	660	705
Latvian	395	170	225	590	300	290
Lithuanian	500	220	280	775	360	415
Slavic languages	60,065	28,495	31,565	92,300	44,340	47,960
Belarusan	285	150	140	200	95	105
Bosnian	245	110	135	2,880	1,450	1,435
Bulgarian	850	390	465	1,795	945	850
Croatian	1,710	790	920	6,280	3,260	3,025
Czech	545	250	295	3,590	1,650	1,940
Macedonian	3,945	1,940	2,010	535	270	265
Polish	5,170	2,415	2,755	23,650	11,455	12,195
Russian	44,785	21,215	23,570	27,375	13,195	14,175
Serbian	1,935	1,010	925	5,355	2,630	2,730
Serbo-Croatian	250	140	105	1,095	550	540
Slovak	530	215	315	2,780	1,495	1,285
Slovene (Slovenian)	565	285	280	735	360	375
Ukrainian	4,870	2,265	2,605	26,600	11,980	14,620
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	25	250	120	130
Celtic languages	165	80	85	1,180	615	560
Scottish Gaelic	95	45	50	440	215	225
Welsh	40	20	20	315	180	130
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	450	220	225
Germanic languages	13,660	6,420	7,245	112,670	56,325	56,345
Afrikaans	1,150	565	575	5,165	2,655	2,515
Danish	300	135	160	2,800	1,360	1,440
Dutch	2,055	875	1,175	19,480	9,595	9,890
Frisian	25	10	15	475	275	205
German	8,220	3,895	4,320	83,010	41,905	41,105
Icelandic	10	0	15	160	70	95
Norwegian	180	95	85	1,450	635	810
Swedish	330	150	180	1,635	800	835
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	380	170	215
Yiddish	1,785	880	905	250	130	115
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	2,115	1,095	1,015
Greek	11,310	5,545	5,765	4,935	2,535	2,400
Indo-Iranian languages	106,865	52,795	54,065	206,725	106,045	100,675
Indo-Aryan languages	62,210	30,850	31,360	186,005	95,045	90,960
Bengali	2,225	1,140	1,080	8,530	4,385	4,140
Gujarati	13,010	6,220	6,785	18,005	8,945	9,055
Hindi	20,870	10,240	10,635	61,290	31,900	29,385
Kashmiri	35	20	15	125	80	45
Konkani	405	200	205	625	300	320
Marathi	825	455	375	2,575	1,385	1,195
Nepali	210	95	115	5,510	3,000	2,510
Oriya (Odia)	95	40	60	255	135	120
Punjabi (Panjabi)	17,020	8,710	8,305	90,485	46,350	44,135
Sindhi	2,085	935	1,150	4,595	2,065	2,530
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,125	1,100	1,030	3,800	1,925	1,875
Urdu	22,885	11,505	11,380	41,235	21,245	20,000
Iranian languages	45,295	22,260	23,035	22,140	11,665	10,475
Kurdish	1,230	670	570	1,930	1,100	825
Pashto	680	370	310	3,330	1,795	1,530
Persian (Farsi)	44,030	21,595	22,430	17,600	9,220	8,375
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	470	245	225	1,760	960	805
Italic (Romance) languages	116,680	55,850	60,830	142,340	69,885	72,450
Catalan	35	15	15	170	95	80
Italian	78,395	37,680	40,715	19,900	9,875	10,020
Portuguese	9,880	4,690	5,195	12,670	6,255	6,415
Romanian	7,695	3,640	4,055	9,915	5,185	4,735
Spanish	24,520	11,640	12,880	104,445	50,960	53,490
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	110	55	55	250	130	125
Japanese	2,530	1,115	1,410	9,215	4,115	5,100
Kartvelian languages	260	125	130	225	130	100
Georgian	255	125	135	230	130	100
Korean	15,245	7,265	7,980	19,950	9,405	10,545
Mongolic languages	50	15	30	800	375	430
Mongolian	50	20	35	800	370	430
Niger-Congo languages	3,325	1,680	1,645	29,430	14,980	14,450
Akan (Twi)	670	340	330	2,925	1,505	1,420
Bamanankan	30	25	10	60	30	30
Edo	45	25	20	620	325	290
Ewe	45	25	20	335	170	165
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	15	300	165	135
Ga	30	20	15	345	190	155
Ganda	50	30	15	610	305	305
Igbo	235	90	150	2,550	1,345	1,210
Lingala	60	30	25	1,240	640	605
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	830	420	410
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	1,155	605	550
Shona	70	25	40	1,810	850	960
Swahili	1,300	680	620	6,700	3,470	3,235
Wolof	15	10	10	600	365	235
Yoruba	450	225	225	5,930	3,035	2,890
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	460	235	225	6,585	3,265	3,320
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	25	30	3,070	1,495	1,575
Dinka	0	0	0	1,655	825	825
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	30	1,425	675	750
Sign languages	700	265	435	5,910	2,350	3,555
American Sign Language	340	115	230	3,085	1,130	1,955
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	365	155	210	2,855	1,230	1,625
Sino-Tibetan languages	224,860	106,860	117,990	141,860	67,945	73,915
Chinese languages	224,695	106,795	117,895	139,385	66,700	72,685
Cantonese	133,810	63,235	70,575	74,770	35,490	39,280
Hakka	3,480	1,585	1,895	1,180	515	660
Mandarin	115,265	53,825	61,440	70,510	33,310	37,195
Min Dong	175	50	120	85	50	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	4,300	1,925	2,375	4,140	1,765	2,380
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,515	1,180	1,330	855	380	470
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,875	1,350	1,520	6,335	3,160	3,175
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	55	25	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	245	110	135	2,590	1,290	1,300
Burmese	190	85	105	605	305	295
Karenic languages	0	0	0	805	415	390
Tibetan	35	20	20	860	430	430
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	445	215	235
Tai-Kadai languages	1,285	540	745	3,705	1,510	2,195
Lao	915	425	485	1,520	730	795
Thai	435	145	285	2,400	850	1,545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	45	25	25
Turkic languages	5,500	2,790	2,705	5,795	3,180	2,625
Azerbaijani	1,030	535	500	630	325	300
Turkish	4,370	2,195	2,175	4,255	2,420	1,835
Uyghur	10	0	0	290	135	155
Uzbek	120	55	65	425	200	225
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	105	55	50	355	170	180
Uralic languages	4,810	2,220	2,595	8,895	4,315	4,575
Estonian	525	240	290	185	85	105
Finnish	705	300	405	1,045	455	590
Hungarian	3,600	1,685	1,915	7,660	3,770	3,890
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	200	100	95	1,820	1,025	790
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	993,335	488,255	505,080	3,622,740	1,825,135	1,797,600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	227,510	116,845	110,660	854,815	439,065	415,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	765,825	371,410	394,415	2,767,920	1,386,070	1,381,850
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	107,615	49,385	58,230	355,410	173,365	182,045
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	570,710	287,520	283,190	3,062,775	1,550,445	1,512,335
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	515,225	243,380	271,850	845,220	412,320	432,895
Before 1981	119,395	57,695	61,705	163,460	81,620	81,840
1981 to 1990	75,145	36,255	38,890	86,350	41,690	44,660
1991 to 2000	139,815	66,135	73,680	131,560	62,930	68,630
2001 to 2010	129,465	59,915	69,550	256,055	125,235	130,820
2001 to 2005	72,605	33,845	38,760	109,145	53,425	55,720
2006 to 2010	56,860	26,075	30,790	146,910	71,810	75,100
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	51,405	23,380	28,025	207,790	100,845	106,945
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	15,010	6,745	8,265	70,155	35,735	34,420
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	515,230	243,385	271,850	845,220	412,320	432,895
Under 5 years	43,285	21,545	21,735	82,175	42,200	39,975
5 to 14 years	84,305	42,520	41,790	149,815	77,820	71,995
15 to 24 years	111,620	50,505	61,115	168,965	78,215	90,755
25 to 44 years	218,675	102,965	115,715	372,805	180,265	192,535
45 years and over	57,340	25,845	31,490	71,450	33,820	37,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	515,225	243,380	271,845	845,215	412,325	432,895
Americas	42,700	19,670	23,030	103,540	49,345	54,190
Brazil	1,165	560	600	2,545	1,100	1,440
Colombia	1,850	875	970	9,535	4,570	4,960
El Salvador	985	450	535	7,255	3,725	3,530
Guyana	6,900	3,120	3,780	2,555	1,200	1,355
Haiti	135	70	70	1,270	675	600
Jamaica	8,660	3,830	4,830	6,845	3,170	3,680
Mexico	1,060	465	595	15,665	7,860	7,805
Peru	1,165	525	635	1,920	780	1,140
Trinidad and Tobago	3,870	1,845	2,025	3,415	1,670	1,750
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	7,420	3,340	4,080	30,460	13,675	16,785
Other places of birth in Americas	9,495	4,590	4,905	22,075	10,925	11,150
Europe	119,590	56,995	62,595	189,770	95,355	94,415
Bosnia and Herzegovina	580	315	270	4,555	2,325	2,230
Croatia	930	415	515	3,080	1,615	1,465
France	720	340	380	2,535	1,215	1,320
Germany	3,660	1,630	2,025	19,205	9,485	9,715
Greece	4,770	2,475	2,295	2,005	1,115	890
Hungary	1,715	770	945	3,665	1,880	1,785
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	780	365	415	3,935	2,100	1,835
Italy	36,040	17,745	18,295	8,110	4,370	3,745
Netherlands	1,355	655	700	14,035	7,420	6,610
Poland	3,730	1,635	2,095	16,925	8,045	8,880
Portugal	4,710	2,225	2,480	4,050	1,985	2,070
Romania	6,285	2,955	3,335	7,725	3,930	3,795
Russian Federation	13,820	6,185	7,635	7,260	3,135	4,125
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	1,040	485	555	2,255	1,080	1,170
Ukraine	9,910	4,725	5,185	8,150	3,700	4,455
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	14,895	7,050	7,845	59,215	30,280	28,935
Other places of birth in Europe	14,645	7,030	7,615	23,060	11,670	11,390
Africa	20,925	10,265	10,665	89,740	46,705	43,030
Algeria	80	25	55	1,340	715	625
Egypt	3,970	2,020	1,950	5,320	2,940	2,375
Ethiopia	405	215	190	10,570	5,355	5,215
Kenya	2,100	980	1,115	5,120	2,555	2,565
Morocco	1,010	525	490	1,695	1,005	695
Nigeria	1,105	490	615	12,405	6,520	5,880
Somalia	355	135	220	7,060	3,665	3,395
South Africa, Republic of	3,925	1,940	1,985	7,355	3,670	3,685
Other places of birth in Africa	7,980	3,945	4,035	38,865	20,275	18,590
Asia	331,090	156,020	175,070	452,225	215,955	236,265
Afghanistan	3,895	1,970	1,925	5,190	2,765	2,430
Bangladesh	1,330	695	640	5,085	2,590	2,500
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	99,195	45,730	53,460	57,690	26,510	31,185
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	50,850	24,260	26,590	19,110	9,265	9,850
India	28,625	13,940	14,680	91,660	46,625	45,035
IranCensus data footnote 61	32,615	16,020	16,600	8,910	4,655	4,250
Iraq	4,675	2,320	2,355	5,935	3,205	2,730
Japan	815	295	520	3,065	905	2,160
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	11,330	5,420	5,910	13,850	6,530	7,320
Lebanon	2,190	1,075	1,115	10,395	5,640	4,750
Pakistan	12,885	6,355	6,540	28,075	14,630	13,445
Philippines	18,180	7,065	11,115	123,830	54,075	69,755
Sri Lanka	19,545	9,460	10,090	4,835	2,475	2,365
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	810	415	385	4,800	2,515	2,280
Taiwan	4,530	1,985	2,545	3,455	1,460	2,000
Viet Nam	11,295	4,975	6,325	27,080	12,645	14,435
Other places of birth in Asia	28,320	14,045	14,275	39,250	19,485	19,765
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	920	430	490	9,940	4,950	4,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	51,405	23,385	28,020	207,790	100,845	106,945
Americas	3,075	1,470	1,605	20,060	9,660	10,400
Brazil	210	80	130	860	370	490
Colombia	120	50	70	2,295	1,020	1,275
Cuba	90	55	35	465	215	255
Haiti	20	15	10	385	240	150
Jamaica	320	140	180	1,660	765	895
Mexico	210	115	95	4,405	2,250	2,150
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,140	570	565	4,645	2,130	2,515
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	125	55	75	1,570	745	820
Other places of birth in Americas	840	400	435	3,785	1,930	1,855
Europe	4,255	1,965	2,295	20,870	10,830	10,045
France	55	35	20	425	240	180
Germany	105	65	40	1,370	710	655
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	55	35	15	1,355	835	520
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	310	150	155	715	365	350
Romania	255	85	175	1,100	545	555
Russian Federation	1,040	375	665	1,235	430	805
Ukraine	885	435	445	2,340	1,060	1,280
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	455	280	180	6,225	3,570	2,650
Other places of birth in Europe	1,095	505	595	6,100	3,065	3,040
Africa	1,625	810	815	27,770	14,165	13,610
Algeria	10	0	0	255	115	135
Cameroon	30	0	30	1,055	515	545
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	15	0	805	365	440
Côte d'Ivoire	35	25	15	420	210	210
Egypt	635	290	345	1,940	1,045	895
Eritrea	0	0	0	2,390	1,335	1,055
Ethiopia	10	10	0	3,445	1,670	1,780
Morocco	35	20	20	515	265	250
Nigeria	165	75	85	6,110	3,200	2,910
Somalia	0	0	0	2,120	1,110	1,010
South Africa, Republic of	180	85	95	1,590	800	785
Tunisia	15	10	0	255	135	125
Other places of birth in Africa	495	280	215	6,870	3,400	3,470
Asia	42,375	19,105	23,270	137,110	65,055	72,050
Afghanistan	350	170	180	810	435	375
Bangladesh	165	75	90	1,355	635	715
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	20,040	9,045	10,995	10,525	4,700	5,825
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	990	385	610	750	305	450
India	2,615	1,230	1,385	28,820	14,915	13,900
IranCensus data footnote 61	6,970	3,315	3,650	3,265	1,665	1,600
Iraq	585	280	305	2,010	1,045	960
Israel	855	465	390	480	250	230
Japan	105	25	80	665	195	475
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,255	600	655	3,840	1,710	2,125
Lebanon	115	50	65	1,470	755	710
Nepal	55	30	30	2,615	1,380	1,240
Pakistan	1,990	920	1,065	6,910	3,420	3,490
Philippines	3,010	960	2,055	59,390	26,960	32,435
Saudi Arabia	115	75	40	820	435	385
Sri Lanka	930	440	490	1,345	650	695
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	180	110	65	3,340	1,705	1,630
Taiwan	215	105	110	505	165	340
Turkey	160	80	75	390	215	180
United Arab Emirates	255	115	145	810	430	375
Viet Nam	295	105	185	2,040	795	1,240
Other places of birth in Asia	1,120	515	605	4,965	2,285	2,680
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	80	35	40	1,980	1,135	845
Australia	45	25	25	1,065	600	465
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	30	10	20	915	535	375
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,100,950	537,640	563,305	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,650
First generationCensus data footnote 69	535,435	252,745	282,690	938,500	460,015	478,480
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	326,965	166,205	160,760	742,455	374,065	368,390
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	238,550	118,690	119,855	2,297,195	1,164,420	1,132,775
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	403,235	189,315	213,910	694,945	337,380	357,565
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	227,190	112,895	114,300	387,275	195,845	191,430
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	87,045	57,480	29,570	154,700	96,855	57,850
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	140,140	55,415	84,725	232,570	98,990	133,575
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	119,090	46,665	72,430	198,575	81,650	116,920
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	50,290	26,670	23,620	103,785	57,130	46,650
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	6,665	3,095	3,570	5,320	2,745	2,570
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,100,950	537,645	563,310	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	5,915	2,830	3,085	258,640	125,445	133,195
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	5,535	2,630	2,905	253,460	123,115	130,340
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	3,380	1,600	1,780	136,585	65,755	70,835
Métis	2,070	990	1,085	114,370	56,170	58,200
Inuk (Inuit)	80	45	40	2,500	1,195	1,305
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	150	75	75	2,905	1,350	1,555
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	235	125	110	2,280	975	1,300
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,095,040	534,815	560,220	3,719,505	1,873,055	1,846,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	1,995	935	1,055	123,235	59,065	64,170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,098,950	536,705	562,245	3,854,915	1,939,430	1,915,475
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,100,950	537,645	563,310	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	920	425	500	103,600	50,680	52,915
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	900	405	495	99,940	48,860	51,070
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	660	325	340	81,685	39,815	41,870
Métis single ancestry	240	75	160	17,515	8,690	8,820
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	735	355	380
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	20	15	0	3,665	1,820	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	15	0	3,490	1,725	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	105	55	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	50	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	9,000	4,400	4,605	200,215	97,055	103,160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	8,815	4,285	4,535	189,830	92,295	97,530
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,630	3,280	3,350	104,875	50,595	54,280
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,065	945	1,115	82,585	40,530	42,060
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	55	65	2,365	1,170	1,195
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	185	115	70	10,385	4,760	5,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	80	65	9,760	4,465	5,295
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	0	310	155	155
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	20	0	270	110	160
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	25	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,091,025	532,825	558,200	3,674,330	1,850,760	1,823,570
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,100,950	537,645	563,310	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	541,200	262,030	279,170	933,165	461,460	471,705
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	116,695	58,375	58,325	230,930	118,535	112,390
Chinese	244,320	117,800	126,520	158,200	77,035	81,165
Black	27,775	13,380	14,390	129,390	66,960	62,440
Filipino	25,870	10,660	15,205	166,195	74,770	91,425
Latin American	13,650	6,500	7,150	55,090	27,560	27,525
Arab	13,105	6,685	6,420	56,700	30,245	26,450
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	14,050	6,550	7,500	43,985	21,025	22,960
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	41,735	20,645	21,090	20,980	11,010	9,965
Korean	16,955	8,200	8,755	21,275	10,130	11,145
Japanese	2,755	1,320	1,430	12,165	5,495	6,670
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	7,310	3,550	3,760	9,900	4,700	5,205
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	16,985	8,365	8,620	28,360	13,985	14,375
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	559,750	275,610	284,140	3,044,980	1,537,040	1,507,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,100,950	537,645	563,305	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,645
North American Aboriginal origins	9,930	4,820	5,110	303,815	147,735	156,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,480	3,715	3,765	200,290	96,845	103,445
Inuit	165	100	70	3,900	1,915	1,985
Métis	2,485	1,140	1,345	113,735	55,590	58,150
Other North American origins	130,745	65,260	65,485	955,040	486,735	468,305
Acadian	445	190	255	5,545	2,970	2,570
American	7,185	3,515	3,675	72,355	35,480	36,875
Canadian	125,580	62,780	62,795	902,315	460,335	441,975
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	50	35	15
Newfoundlander	485	275	210	1,985	1,135	850
Nova Scotian	75	45	30	190	115	70
Ontarian	55	20	35	110	65	45
Québécois	150	60	80	1,380	750	630
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	10	0	10	415	210	205
European origins	523,255	256,655	266,600	2,580,720	1,292,280	1,288,440
British Isles origins	196,580	96,120	100,460	1,581,265	787,205	794,060
Channel Islander	85	50	45	225	115	115
Cornish	20	10	15	210	90	115
English	116,760	56,990	59,770	899,440	444,010	455,440
Irish	78,650	37,760	40,890	596,750	288,710	308,040
Manx	155	80	75	945	450	495
Scottish	81,155	39,185	41,970	704,205	347,740	356,460
Welsh	7,845	3,835	4,005	80,455	38,715	41,740
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	15,975	7,520	8,455	90,865	44,055	46,815
French origins	34,655	16,475	18,185	411,560	201,160	210,395
Alsatian	40	15	25	200	120	80
Breton	0	0	0	60	25	35
Corsican	0	0	10	125	65	70
French	34,620	16,465	18,160	411,315	201,030	210,290
Western European origins (except French origins)	63,455	31,110	32,345	915,185	455,115	460,065
Austrian	5,535	2,780	2,755	39,530	19,225	20,305
Bavarian	15	10	0	110	60	55
Belgian	1,410	630	780	21,210	10,320	10,890
Dutch	16,530	8,035	8,495	195,720	97,735	97,990
Flemish	115	60	55	2,005	870	1,140
Frisian	30	25	10	685	380	305
German	42,540	20,875	21,660	712,955	353,755	359,195
Luxembourger	50	30	20	680	355	320
Swiss	2,480	1,215	1,265	24,310	11,905	12,410
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	105	50	60	830	390	440
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,065	4,660	5,400	329,990	159,695	170,295
Danish	2,240	1,115	1,125	60,380	29,240	31,135
Finnish	2,935	1,285	1,650	17,755	8,780	8,975
Icelandic	525	280	250	20,225	10,050	10,175
Norwegian	2,150	970	1,180	156,595	75,160	81,430
Swedish	2,280	970	1,310	97,840	46,445	51,385
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	500	250	255	13,515	7,005	6,505
Eastern European origins	120,035	58,305	61,735	685,270	336,430	348,845
Bulgarian	1,565	770	800	2,935	1,510	1,425
Byelorussian	2,855	1,355	1,495	2,200	1,165	1,035
Czech	2,255	1,140	1,115	20,865	10,405	10,460
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,005	495	510	10,055	4,800	5,255
Estonian	1,300	595	705	2,715	1,240	1,470
Hungarian	10,340	5,105	5,235	56,270	27,385	28,885
Latvian	2,005	925	1,085	3,245	1,585	1,660
Lithuanian	4,210	2,165	2,045	6,090	2,915	3,175
Moldovan	1,450	780	675	1,585	790	790
Polish	39,260	19,405	19,850	186,510	91,115	95,395
Romanian	12,780	6,275	6,505	34,230	16,520	17,710
Russian	47,545	22,700	24,850	107,800	51,840	55,960
Slovak	1,745	820	925	11,010	5,495	5,515
Ukrainian	26,070	12,855	13,215	369,090	181,600	187,490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	1,595	740	855	1,910	1,015	895
Southern European origins	220,920	109,775	111,145	215,725	107,495	108,230
Albanian	2,020	1,020	1,005	2,935	1,555	1,385
Bosnian	350	165	190	3,870	1,985	1,890
Catalan	10	15	0	85	55	25
Croatian	3,925	1,950	1,980	14,220	7,535	6,690
Cypriot	585	285	300	160	90	70
Greek	21,445	10,810	10,635	15,025	7,790	7,235
Italian	159,470	79,565	79,910	101,265	50,975	50,285
Kosovar	15	10	10	420	210	210
Macedonian	7,005	3,535	3,465	1,015	485	535
Maltese	2,645	1,325	1,320	1,560	845	715
Montenegrin	105	65	40	290	185	105
Portuguese	20,340	9,970	10,370	22,385	11,395	10,985
Serbian	3,025	1,530	1,490	7,755	3,875	3,875
Sicilian	460	235	220	330	160	170
Slovenian	2,015	1,050	965	3,885	2,010	1,875
Spanish	13,775	6,415	7,360	48,055	22,225	25,835
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,165	565	600	5,120	2,495	2,625
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	65	25	35	245	120	125
Other European origins	23,065	11,715	11,355	22,805	11,700	11,105
Basque	135	80	55	425	210	215
Jewish	20,870	10,590	10,280	9,780	4,890	4,885
Roma (Gypsy)	55	35	25	465	220	245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	150	75	75	995	505	490
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	1,930	980	950	11,255	5,940	5,310
Caribbean origins	28,270	13,520	14,750	36,120	18,050	18,070
Antiguan	125	45	75	455	265	190
Bahamian	170	100	70	310	180	130
Barbadian	1,755	860	900	2,065	980	1,080
Bermudan	130	65	65	210	120	90
Carib	95	50	45	135	45	85
Cuban	895	400	490	2,175	1,110	1,060
Dominican	655	310	340	930	530	395
Grenadian	605	295	310	595	300	295
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	340	155	190	2,235	1,210	1,025
Jamaican	15,760	7,480	8,290	17,325	8,540	8,785
Kittitian/Nevisian	155	80	80	95	65	30
Martinican	10	10	0	10	0	0
Montserratan	50	20	30	30	10	25
Puerto Rican	70	45	25	460	225	240
St. Lucian	165	95	70	595	295	300
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	4,115	2,075	2,035	5,180	2,685	2,490
Vincentian/Grenadinian	605	290	320	535	215	325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	4,215	1,970	2,240	2,670	1,275	1,395
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,005	435	565	2,305	1,110	1,200
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,720	11,910	12,810	78,405	39,030	39,375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	585	245	335	1,980	965	1,015
Arawak	30	10	25	105	30	70
Argentinian	1,315	700	615	1,385	705	680
Belizean	70	45	20	445	250	190
Bolivian	65	40	30	590	305	285
Brazilian	1,285	600	690	3,030	1,330	1,700
Chilean	1,035	490	545	8,105	4,115	3,990
Colombian	2,875	1,420	1,460	12,585	6,060	6,525
Costa Rican	180	95	90	575	270	305
Ecuadorian	2,920	1,350	1,565	890	405	485
Guatemalan	525	245	280	2,395	1,270	1,120
Guyanese	6,285	2,990	3,295	3,095	1,545	1,555
Hispanic	450	240	210	1,785	905	885
Honduran	160	85	75	760	405	355
Maya	75	40	35	580	310	275
Mexican	2,165	1,055	1,110	22,475	11,430	11,045
Nicaraguan	470	255	210	1,675	825	855
Panamanian	245	120	125	320	150	170
Paraguayan	40	25	15	340	155	190
Peruvian	1,530	725	805	2,740	1,245	1,495
Salvadorean	1,320	610	710	8,810	4,545	4,270
Uruguayan	405	175	230	315	180	135
Venezuelan	980	435	540	4,690	2,295	2,390
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,185	605	580	3,430	1,735	1,695
African origins	27,410	13,730	13,680	136,510	70,620	65,885
Central and West African origins	3,520	1,755	1,770	33,170	17,430	15,735
Akan	45	25	15	130	80	50
Angolan	30	20	10	295	155	140
Ashanti	35	15	20	130	70	55
Beninese	0	0	0	200	90	105
Burkinabe	0	10	0	100	50	50
Cameroonian	155	70	80	2,040	1,010	1,035
Chadian	0	10	0	75	55	20
Congolese	135	75	60	4,095	2,100	1,990
Edo	75	35	35	555	320	235
Ewe	0	0	0	125	70	55
Gabonese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gambian	0	0	10	110	60	50
Ghanaian	1,155	585	575	4,470	2,365	2,100
Guinean	70	35	35	455	235	215
Ibo	280	130	155	1,760	935	825
Ivorian	55	40	25	655	355	295
Liberian	20	10	10	1,040	495	540
Malian	35	25	10	70	45	25
Malinké	40	20	25	95	55	45
Nigerian	1,045	470	575	13,010	6,815	6,200
Peulh	0	0	0	105	70	35
Senegalese	35	15	15	575	370	205
Sierra Leonean	45	15	25	740	395	345
Togolese	20	15	0	150	70	80
Wolof	0	0	0	70	45	25
Yoruba	210	110	105	2,990	1,600	1,385
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	225	140	85	1,865	985	875
North African origins	10,255	5,290	4,960	23,235	12,305	10,935
Algerian	145	75	70	1,620	805	815
Berber	75	30	45	685	415	270
Coptic	425	200	225	225	115	110
Dinka	0	0	0	565	320	250
Egyptian	6,285	3,230	3,050	8,525	4,515	4,010
Libyan	110	70	45	1,300	665	635
Maure	0	0	0	95	70	25
Moroccan	3,050	1,590	1,460	2,510	1,380	1,130
Sudanese	325	160	165	7,070	3,695	3,375
Tunisian	355	200	155	940	480	455
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	15	10	10	575	315	260
Southern and East African origins	7,735	3,880	3,860	56,560	29,285	27,275
Afrikaner	65	30	35	315	155	160
Amhara	55	20	40	450	240	215
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	10	10	0	700	395	310
Burundian	65	35	30	975	555	420
Djiboutian	20	10	10	170	90	75
Eritrean	270	140	130	7,960	4,250	3,715
Ethiopian	685	350	340	13,225	6,710	6,510
Harari	55	25	25	165	85	80
Kenyan	475	225	250	2,175	1,035	1,140
Malagasy	40	30	15	125	55	70
Mauritian	440	235	200	550	310	235
Oromo	100	50	55	1,355	765	595
Rwandan	10	0	10	1,420	745	675
Seychellois	0	0	0	35	25	10
Somali	675	320	360	14,100	7,315	6,790
South African	3,385	1,685	1,705	6,635	3,310	3,320
Tanzanian	375	225	155	1,030	525	505
Tigrian	0	0	0	700	380	320
Ugandan	200	110	85	1,155	645	510
Zambian	35	15	25	265	155	110
Zimbabwean	245	130	110	2,590	1,300	1,285
Zulu	20	0	20	295	135	160
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	890	430	465	3,875	2,010	1,870
Other African origins	6,050	2,865	3,185	26,150	12,995	13,155
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	695	300	395	2,525	1,220	1,305
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	5,420	2,605	2,820	23,960	11,950	12,010
Asian origins	514,515	248,995	265,520	756,335	370,390	385,945
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	83,325	41,325	42,000	97,355	51,035	46,315
Afghan	6,365	3,150	3,220	8,540	4,545	3,995
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	2,595	1,315	1,280	10,470	5,690	4,780
Armenian	5,820	2,830	2,990	1,780	865	910
Assyrian	1,530	735	795	560	300	255
Azerbaijani	1,395	715	685	615	280	335
Georgian	625	320	305	400	230	165
Hazara	65	35	30	365	190	170
Iranian	41,005	20,355	20,650	13,925	7,220	6,705
Iraqi	5,155	2,545	2,610	6,165	3,250	2,915
Israeli	6,750	3,480	3,270	1,565	830	740
Jordanian	610	325	290	1,325	670	655
Kazakh	240	100	140	565	260	310
Kurd	1,095	560	530	2,040	1,160	880
Kuwaiti	35	10	25	185	110	80
Kyrgyz	105	45	60	200	110	90
Lebanese	4,580	2,245	2,330	32,365	16,835	15,525
Palestinian	1,735	910	825	4,880	2,675	2,210
Pashtun	165	95	70	645	305	345
Saudi Arabian	110	70	35	390	205	180
Syrian	1,340	655	685	7,215	3,605	3,610
Tajik	270	125	140	265	160	105
Tatar	640	270	370	530	215	315
Turk	3,910	1,915	2,005	5,745	3,155	2,595
Turkmen	130	70	60	105	55	50
Uighur	50	25	25	270	125	140
Uzbek	475	220	250	485	225	260
Yemeni	560	265	295	930	440	485
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	1,690	840	850	2,445	1,305	1,140
South Asian origins	119,090	59,220	59,865	231,550	118,855	112,695
Bangladeshi	840	465	375	4,155	2,085	2,070
Bengali	615	300	320	1,660	870	790
Bhutanese	0	0	0	815	410	400
East Indian	72,850	36,150	36,705	174,510	89,140	85,370
Goan	490	245	245	495	265	225
Gujarati	635	265	370	855	445	410
Kashmiri	125	70	55	720	355	365
Nepali	195	95	100	4,600	2,490	2,110
Pakistani	13,595	6,880	6,720	29,265	15,075	14,190
Punjabi	2,785	1,455	1,330	15,645	8,230	7,420
Sinhalese	695	380	315	750	400	355
Sri Lankan	22,040	10,770	11,265	5,585	2,885	2,695
Tamil	8,440	4,335	4,105	1,050	565	485
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	5,970	2,995	2,975	4,845	2,500	2,335
East and Southeast Asian origins	316,005	150,330	165,680	431,135	202,400	228,735
Burmese	310	130	180	1,270	650	615
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,350	1,195	1,155	4,260	2,245	2,015
Chinese	255,965	123,290	132,680	188,280	90,735	97,545
Filipino	28,830	12,130	16,700	175,130	79,150	95,975
Hmong	20	10	15	0	0	0
Indonesian	995	480	510	3,005	1,425	1,575
Japanese	4,185	1,965	2,220	16,595	7,510	9,085
Karen	0	0	0	740	390	345
Korean	18,190	8,810	9,375	22,410	10,655	11,755
Laotian	1,300	665	630	2,050	1,020	1,030
Malaysian	955	475	480	2,970	1,340	1,630
Mongolian	350	165	185	1,565	725	835
Singaporean	195	90	105	370	180	190
Taiwanese	2,070	975	1,095	1,995	855	1,140
Thai	560	235	330	2,735	980	1,750
Tibetan	95	45	50	965	500	465
Vietnamese	12,420	5,745	6,675	36,780	17,720	19,060
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	515	285	230	735	385	345
Other Asian origins	1,005	490	505	3,115	1,580	1,530
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	1,005	490	510	3,115	1,585	1,530
Oceania origins	1,040	560	485	15,500	7,825	7,680
Australian	650	370	280	7,785	3,975	3,810
New Zealander	230	100	120	2,905	1,535	1,370
Pacific Islands origins	180	95	80	5,150	2,510	2,635
Fijian	105	55	50	3,325	1,580	1,745
Hawaiian	30	20	10	425	190	235
Maori	0	0	0	640	325	320
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	0	10	0	205	105	95
Samoan	15	10	10	280	180	100
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	45	20	25	375	195	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	357,085	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Owner	306,535	...	...	1,105,795	...	...
Renter	50,535	...	...	412,150	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	9,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	357,085	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Condominium	48,185	...	...	256,015	...	...
Not condominium	308,900	...	...	1,271,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	357,080	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
No bedrooms	580	...	...	5,440	...	...
1 bedroom	23,550	...	...	139,820	...	...
2 bedrooms	40,720	...	...	322,370	...	...
3 bedrooms	113,220	...	...	540,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	179,015	...	...	519,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	357,085	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	60,760	...	...	358,650	...	...
5 rooms	46,520	...	...	238,870	...	...
6 rooms	53,370	...	...	224,335	...	...
7 rooms	53,785	...	...	201,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	142,655	...	...	504,270	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	357,085	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	348,655	...	...	1,494,875	...	...
More than 1 person per room	8,425	...	...	32,805	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	357,085	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Suitable	338,835	...	...	1,458,550	...	...
Not suitable	18,250	...	...	69,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	357,085	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1960 or before	21,445	...	...	177,780	...	...
1961 to 1980	49,940	...	...	439,505	...	...
1981 to 1990	71,730	...	...	193,360	...	...
1991 to 2000	70,170	...	...	216,410	...	...
2001 to 2005	54,365	...	...	157,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	49,325	...	...	180,645	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	40,105	...	...	162,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	357,080	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	345,995	...	...	1,440,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	11,090	...	...	87,240	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	357,080	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	175,300	...	...	873,125	...	...
2 household maintainers	167,350	...	...	605,830	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	14,430	...	...	48,725	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	357,085	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,755	...	...	53,955	...	...
25 to 34 years	32,405	...	...	281,820	...	...
35 to 44 years	68,705	...	...	307,930	...	...
45 to 54 years	95,560	...	...	310,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	77,420	...	...	288,480	...	...
65 to 74 years	47,665	...	...	169,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	24,575	...	...	86,970	...	...
85 years and over	7,995	...	...	28,585	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	355,995	...	...	1,479,270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	244,115	...	...	1,170,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	111,880	...	...	308,485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	91,910	...	...	268,795	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	306,035	...	...	1,075,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	28.1	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,746	...	...	1,481	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,846	...	...	1,531	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	800,284	...	...	400,104	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	871,831	...	...	449,790	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50,485	...	...	410,225	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.5	...	...	10.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	51.8	...	...	36.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,401	...	...	1,243	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,417	...	...	1,279	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	905,540	437,285	468,255	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	144,850	68,240	76,615	540,665	284,020	256,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	234,965	113,765	121,195	895,885	440,665	455,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	525,730	255,285	270,450	1,769,500	878,130	891,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40,135	27,435	12,700	309,465	242,160	67,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	20,560	12,335	8,225	94,735	56,255	38,480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	19,575	15,095	4,475	214,730	185,905	28,825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	157,790	70,525	87,265	615,480	250,590	364,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	26,115	12,145	13,965	94,620	36,875	57,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	301,685	145,175	156,510	749,930	348,510	401,425
Bachelor's degree	206,800	95,795	111,005	530,085	235,610	294,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20,790	9,505	11,285	39,955	18,075	21,880
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,345	4,160	4,185	21,850	11,810	10,045
Master's degree	58,285	30,960	27,320	133,265	67,215	66,055
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	7,470	4,760	2,710	24,770	15,805	8,965
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	603,735	288,260	315,475	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	50,355	25,110	25,245	244,755	136,085	108,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	131,445	63,170	68,280	569,435	283,290	286,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	421,930	199,980	221,950	1,443,635	711,655	731,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	27,205	18,355	8,850	238,220	189,180	49,035
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	13,865	8,150	5,715	69,415	42,445	26,970
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	13,340	10,210	3,130	168,805	146,740	22,065
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	125,185	55,285	69,905	496,375	203,350	293,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20,010	9,085	10,920	73,315	29,315	44,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	249,530	117,250	132,280	635,730	289,810	345,920
Bachelor's degree	168,885	76,800	92,085	448,235	197,045	251,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	16,915	7,380	9,530	32,095	14,155	17,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,765	3,190	3,580	18,855	9,505	9,350
Master's degree	50,800	26,170	24,630	116,975	57,230	59,740
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	6,165	3,715	2,445	19,570	11,875	7,695
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	905,545	437,285	468,255	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	379,815	182,005	197,810	1,436,545	724,680	711,865
Education	29,825	5,905	23,920	121,930	29,000	92,930
13. Education	29,825	5,905	23,920	121,930	29,000	92,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20,295	8,435	11,860	49,660	20,960	28,705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,480	1,810	665	9,130	6,305	2,820
50. Visual and performing arts	17,815	6,620	11,195	40,535	14,650	25,885
Humanities	29,135	9,515	19,625	69,305	27,480	41,830
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	4,430	885	3,545	6,790	1,620	5,170
23. English language and literature/letters	7,595	1,830	5,770	15,110	4,270	10,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	8,905	2,850	6,055	20,660	7,275	13,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	60	30	30	225	105	125
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,455	780	680	4,890	2,750	2,140
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,920	1,225	695	11,435	6,560	4,865
54. History	3,690	1,785	1,905	8,600	4,560	4,045
55. French language and literature/letters	1,080	130	950	1,595	345	1,250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	68,600	23,190	45,415	159,735	51,705	108,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	725	110	620	2,345	470	1,875
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,525	2,170	3,350	17,180	6,320	10,865
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10,140	840	9,295	28,750	2,185	26,570
22. Legal professions and studies	11,645	3,965	7,680	29,000	9,355	19,645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,020	190	830	2,190	605	1,580
42. Psychology	10,150	2,310	7,840	27,275	6,765	20,515
45. Social sciences	29,395	13,600	15,800	52,985	26,000	26,985
Business, management and public administration	131,760	58,605	73,155	361,530	133,045	228,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	305	95	210	670	155	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	5,945	1,055	4,895	21,565	4,015	17,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	125,505	57,460	68,045	339,295	128,885	210,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25,985	12,065	13,925	72,850	38,330	34,525
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,985	3,885	6,105	25,850	10,955	14,895
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,960	3,075	3,885	15,410	7,270	8,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	505	150	350	555	170	385
40. Physical sciences	7,705	4,690	3,020	26,130	17,875	8,255
41. Science technologies/technicians	835	260	575	4,900	2,055	2,845
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	36,520	23,505	13,015	60,830	37,710	23,120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	28,105	19,220	8,895	48,975	32,855	16,125
25. Library science	895	135	765	4,295	515	3,780
27. Mathematics and statistics	6,730	3,620	3,105	7,050	4,020	3,035
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	785	530	255	515	330	185
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	101,050	86,685	14,360	463,185	415,665	47,520
04. Architecture and related services	5,410	3,615	1,795	11,325	7,140	4,190
14. Engineering	47,390	37,220	10,175	110,345	89,275	21,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	16,570	14,880	1,685	84,800	72,145	12,655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	60	10	50
46. Construction trades	12,990	12,795	200	100,370	96,810	3,560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	12,845	12,585	255	103,880	100,100	3,785
48. Precision production	5,845	5,600	250	52,400	50,195	2,205
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,590	3,160	2,425	44,270	27,245	17,025
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,385	1,995	1,395	28,440	17,860	10,580
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,205	1,170	1,035	15,830	9,390	6,445
Health and related fields	56,325	14,525	41,800	270,920	51,220	219,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,960	3,030	2,930	19,300	9,110	10,195
51. Health professions and related programs	48,290	10,375	37,915	245,265	38,460	206,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,075	1,115	960	6,350	3,650	2,695
Personal, protective and transportation services	20,600	9,695	10,900	95,140	45,720	49,415
12. Personal and culinary services	13,045	3,850	9,195	57,285	14,985	42,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	65	55	0	250	230	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	125	125	0	740	655	85
43. Security and protective services	4,805	3,475	1,325	16,985	11,590	5,400
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,560	2,190	370	19,880	18,270	1,610
Other	45	0	40	150	60	95
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	0	45	145	60	95
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	603,735	288,255	315,470	2,257,820	1,131,025	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	181,805	88,275	93,525	814,190	419,370	394,820
Education	22,445	4,335	18,110	91,020	19,920	71,105
13. Education	22,445	4,335	18,110	91,025	19,920	71,100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15,955	6,380	9,575	40,255	16,670	23,585
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,790	1,310	480	7,095	4,810	2,285
50. Visual and performing arts	14,165	5,070	9,095	33,155	11,860	21,300
Humanities	22,475	6,995	15,475	55,985	21,840	34,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	3,645	625	3,020	5,690	1,310	4,380
23. English language and literature/letters	5,780	1,325	4,455	12,345	3,425	8,920
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,830	2,080	4,750	17,320	6,020	11,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	50	20	25	200	95	100
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,145	625	520	3,930	2,205	1,725
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,510	975	530	8,500	4,960	3,545
54. History	2,625	1,260	1,365	6,855	3,565	3,285
55. French language and literature/letters	890	85	800	1,140	245	895
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55,715	18,055	37,660	135,545	42,855	92,685
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	605	80	520	2,025	425	1,600
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	4,360	1,720	2,645	14,880	5,360	9,520
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,905	550	7,355	23,730	1,770	21,960
22. Legal professions and studies	9,915	2,950	6,970	25,095	7,395	17,705
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	735	145	590	1,790	530	1,255
42. Psychology	8,090	1,720	6,375	22,460	5,290	17,170
45. Social sciences	24,100	10,895	13,210	45,565	22,095	23,465
Business, management and public administration	109,790	46,980	62,810	301,995	110,825	191,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	275	85	190	560	135	420
44. Public administration and social service professions	4,765	740	4,025	18,035	3,130	14,910
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	104,750	46,155	58,595	283,400	107,560	175,840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	19,745	8,825	10,915	58,120	29,655	28,465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	7,490	2,760	4,730	20,925	8,620	12,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	5,335	2,295	3,030	12,175	5,740	6,435
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	425	140	290	460	155	305
40. Physical sciences	5,895	3,485	2,410	20,785	13,645	7,140
41. Science technologies/technicians	605	150	455	3,775	1,500	2,270
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	33,255	21,350	11,905	53,975	33,590	20,385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	26,250	17,875	8,375	44,735	29,980	14,750
25. Library science	715	115	605	3,400	440	2,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	5,600	2,920	2,680	5,420	2,915	2,500
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	685	435	250	420	255	165
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	78,715	66,545	12,170	376,875	335,210	41,670
04. Architecture and related services	4,390	2,870	1,520	9,335	5,630	3,710
14. Engineering	39,060	30,190	8,865	95,005	75,840	19,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	12,540	11,260	1,280	69,300	58,610	10,690
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	55	10	50
46. Construction trades	9,445	9,285	160	80,455	77,430	3,020
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,440	9,260	175	81,470	78,290	3,180
48. Precision production	3,835	3,675	160	41,255	39,405	1,850
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	4,315	2,290	2,030	35,820	21,060	14,760
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,590	1,415	1,180	21,990	12,970	9,025
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,725	875	850	13,825	8,090	5,740
Health and related fields	43,995	11,130	32,860	217,640	42,225	175,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,485	2,230	2,250	15,955	7,530	8,425
51. Health professions and related programs	37,885	8,060	29,830	196,250	31,775	164,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,620	845	780	5,435	2,925	2,505
Personal, protective and transportation services	15,480	7,075	8,405	76,300	37,755	38,540
12. Personal and culinary services	9,815	2,740	7,080	44,755	12,085	32,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	30	25	0	190	170	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	60	60	0	460	410	50
43. Security and protective services	3,620	2,575	1,045	14,100	9,595	4,505
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,960	1,680	275	16,795	15,490	1,305
Other	40	0	35	115	55	60
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	0	35	110	55	60
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	905,545	437,290	468,255	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	379,820	182,010	197,810	1,436,545	724,685	711,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	525,730	255,280	270,450	1,769,505	878,130	891,370
Location of study inside Canada	359,920	174,750	185,170	1,424,855	709,950	714,905
Same as province or territory of residence	338,740	164,200	174,540	1,064,560	530,135	534,430
Different than province or territory of residence	21,180	10,555	10,630	360,290	179,815	180,475
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	165,810	80,530	85,275	344,645	168,180	176,465
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	14,620	8,035	6,585	45,690	25,545	20,145
Philippines	9,855	3,060	6,800	68,760	26,480	42,280
India	13,030	6,340	6,690	41,560	21,025	20,535
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	9,775	5,490	4,285	28,630	16,255	12,370
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	28,925	13,880	15,045	18,850	8,805	10,050
France	615	340	280	2,150	1,275	875
Other	88,985	43,390	45,600	139,010	68,800	70,210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	603,730	288,255	315,475	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	181,800	88,280	93,525	814,190	419,375	394,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	421,930	199,980	221,950	1,443,630	711,655	731,980
Location of study inside Canada	291,555	139,150	152,405	1,150,780	572,180	578,595
Same as province or territory of residence	274,730	130,895	143,835	857,370	426,365	431,010
Different than province or territory of residence	16,825	8,260	8,565	293,410	145,820	147,590
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	130,375	60,830	69,550	292,850	139,470	153,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,760	6,130	5,635	34,655	18,640	16,015
Philippines	8,135	2,410	5,725	64,000	24,435	39,565
India	10,445	4,880	5,560	37,240	18,505	18,740
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	6,050	3,300	2,750	20,065	11,390	8,675
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	24,675	11,635	13,035	16,600	7,630	8,965
France	515	270	245	1,870	1,105	765
Other	68,805	32,205	36,600	118,425	57,770	60,655
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	905,545	437,290	468,255	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
In the labour force	604,200	312,860	291,340	2,302,945	1,238,280	1,064,655
Employed	565,295	293,385	271,905	2,096,105	1,114,360	981,745
Unemployed	38,905	19,475	19,435	206,835	123,925	82,910
Not in the labour force	301,340	124,430	176,915	903,105	364,525	538,580
Participation rate	66.7	71.5	62.2	71.8	77.3	66.4
Employment rate	62.4	67.1	58.1	65.4	69.5	61.2
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.2	6.7	9.0	10.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	905,545	437,290	468,255	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	285,085	117,590	167,495	806,150	318,845	487,310
Worked	620,465	319,700	300,765	2,399,895	1,283,965	1,115,930
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	329,290	185,040	144,250	1,193,860	698,530	495,330
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	291,170	134,660	156,515	1,206,035	585,430	620,595
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.7	42.1	42.5	43.1	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	604,200	312,860	291,340	2,302,940	1,238,285	1,064,660
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,550	6,405	7,145	40,005	18,650	21,360
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	590,650	306,455	284,195	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
Employee	502,935	248,865	254,075	1,984,225	1,042,630	941,595
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	87,715	57,590	30,120	278,710	177,010	101,705
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	604,200	312,860	291,340	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,550	6,405	7,150	40,010	18,645	21,360
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	590,650	306,455	284,195	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
0 Management occupations	82,345	52,415	29,925	261,505	167,260	94,245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	112,780	35,715	77,060	353,965	95,685	258,280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	60,085	45,565	14,515	175,025	136,240	38,795
3 Health occupations	31,190	7,875	23,310	150,415	28,130	122,290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	64,175	18,380	45,795	228,325	74,105	154,220
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	18,920	8,610	10,305	50,170	19,960	30,210
6 Sales and service occupations	133,030	62,625	70,405	491,495	204,245	287,255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	60,120	56,700	3,415	406,495	376,375	30,120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,890	4,805	1,085	72,465	59,465	13,000
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	22,125	13,755	8,370	73,070	58,170	14,895
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	604,200	312,860	291,340	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	13,550	6,405	7,145	40,005	18,650	21,360
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	590,650	306,455	284,195	2,262,935	1,219,630	1,043,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,270	1,380	890	64,035	43,045	20,990
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	785	565	225	142,490	109,105	33,390
22 Utilities	3,320	2,270	1,050	21,940	15,345	6,595
23 Construction	43,055	36,235	6,825	236,370	201,640	34,730
31-33 Manufacturing	54,185	35,295	18,895	127,535	96,045	31,490
41 Wholesale trade	31,260	19,535	11,730	80,610	56,840	23,775
44-45 Retail trade	67,995	33,130	34,870	249,880	115,065	134,810
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	21,225	15,485	5,740	115,295	83,675	31,620
51 Information and cultural industries	16,790	9,645	7,145	33,045	18,625	14,420
52 Finance and insurance	49,315	23,350	25,960	69,225	25,230	43,995
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	18,415	9,755	8,660	41,520	23,075	18,450
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	66,445	37,810	28,635	167,800	94,565	73,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,465	550	910	5,560	2,760	2,795
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	24,040	13,505	10,525	87,350	49,595	37,760
61 Educational services	46,900	13,340	33,565	147,270	44,160	103,110
62 Health care and social assistance	50,515	10,115	40,395	245,875	41,235	204,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	11,235	6,150	5,085	44,880	21,550	23,335
72 Accommodation and food services	33,525	16,090	17,440	153,790	62,220	91,570
81 Other services (except public administration)	25,040	10,740	14,310	105,865	50,455	55,405
91 Public administration	22,865	11,515	11,345	122,595	65,420	57,175
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	565,295	293,390	271,905	2,096,110	1,114,360	981,745
Worked at home	48,950	24,205	24,740	162,465	77,935	84,530
Worked outside Canada	4,210	2,930	1,280	6,270	4,715	1,555
No fixed workplace address	65,160	46,855	18,305	307,065	236,995	70,070
Worked at usual place	446,975	219,400	227,580	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	446,975	219,400	227,580	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	132,650	58,370	74,280	1,186,170	554,850	631,330
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	103,955	50,275	53,680	358,010	190,730	167,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	209,555	110,285	99,265	64,360	41,925	22,435
Commute to a different province or territory	820	465	355	11,770	7,210	4,560
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	512,140	266,255	245,885	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Car, truck, van - as a driver	395,785	218,030	177,750	1,497,440	832,890	664,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	32,935	11,255	21,680	99,635	40,215	59,420
Public transit	65,320	29,075	36,245	194,560	88,325	106,235
Walked	12,025	4,820	7,205	85,805	38,030	47,775
Bicycle	1,460	1,015	445	21,925	14,685	7,240
Other method	4,615	2,055	2,560	28,015	17,560	10,455
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	512,140	266,250	245,885	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Less than 15 minutes	78,745	33,485	45,260	519,085	237,105	281,980
15 to 29 minutes	139,545	68,695	70,850	706,940	377,165	329,780
30 to 44 minutes	128,560	70,695	57,870	422,070	243,905	178,165
45 to 59 minutes	66,940	37,730	29,215	148,620	86,485	62,135
60 minutes and over	98,345	55,650	42,695	130,665	87,060	43,605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	512,140	266,255	245,885	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	27,120	20,830	6,285	145,660	107,460	38,200
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	79,075	48,915	30,165	395,425	254,225	141,200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	139,835	69,065	70,765	567,530	297,825	269,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	120,375	55,790	64,585	347,270	147,425	199,845
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	82,450	38,790	43,660	188,660	77,175	111,490
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	63,285	32,860	30,425	282,820	147,600	135,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	640,825	329,370	311,455	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,090
Single responses	622,700	321,205	301,490	2,446,600	1,304,240	1,142,360
Official languages	593,810	306,310	287,505	2,425,545	1,292,940	1,132,610
English	592,040	305,955	286,090	2,418,990	1,290,870	1,128,120
French	1,775	360	1,415	6,560	2,070	4,490
Non-official languages	28,880	14,895	13,990	21,055	11,305	9,750
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,000	550	450
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	670	355	315
Blackfoot	0	0	0	75	50	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	565	295	270
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	535	280	255
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	45	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	60	35	25
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	255	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	140	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	28,880	14,895	13,990	20,050	10,755	9,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	260	80	185	940	575	360
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Bilen	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	25	15	15
Somali	0	0	0	60	25	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	260	75	185	840	530	305
Amharic	0	0	0	85	50	35
Arabic	80	40	40	610	415	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	175	40	135	50	15	35
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	40	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	205	75	130	1,305	515	790
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	15	10	0
Vietnamese	200	80	120	1,290	505	780
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	35	90	850	420	430
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	10	10	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	30	70	785	405	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	415	195	215	55	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	400	190	210	35	15	15
Telugu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,470	1,760	1,710	8,280	4,855	3,425
Albanian	10	0	0	30	20	10
Armenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,250	510	745	690	335	355
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,250	505	745	695	335	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	15	15	0
Bulgarian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Croatian	10	10	0	15	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	10	10	0
Polish	20	10	10	220	135	85
Russian	1,190	475	715	275	120	160
Serbian	0	0	10	25	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	0	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	10	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	25	45	2,535	1,700	840
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	10	20
Danish	10	10	0	10	0	10
Dutch	30	10	15	145	80	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	20	2,160	1,455	700
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	135	30
Greek	30	20	10	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,295	740	550	3,215	1,870	1,350
Indo-Aryan languages	400	195	205	3,010	1,735	1,275
Bengali	0	0	10	25	10	15
Gujarati	80	35	50	75	15	60
Hindi	50	25	20	210	110	100
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	40	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	70	70	2,480	1,510	970
Sindhi	10	10	10	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	90	45	45	155	50	100
Iranian languages	890	545	340	200	130	70
Kurdish	30	20	0	15	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	860	530	330	175	105	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	795	455	340	1,780	920	860
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	205	110	90	30	10	15
Portuguese	155	115	45	140	70	70
Romanian	110	45	60	50	30	20
Spanish	330	185	150	1,560	800	760
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	15	50	195	75	125
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	1,120	555	565	785	350	435
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	15	10	230	120	115
American Sign Language	0	0	0	125	40	85
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	0	105	80	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	23,145	12,130	11,015	7,080	3,665	3,420
Chinese languages	23,140	12,125	11,015	7,035	3,635	3,400
Cantonese	12,320	6,335	5,990	4,545	2,340	2,205
Hakka	20	0	10	15	0	10
Mandarin	10,370	5,570	4,805	2,170	1,125	1,045
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	95	70	30	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	315	145	170	275	155	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	130	60	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	25	15	80	35	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	30	15	65	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	10	10	0	70	45	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	65	40	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple responses	18,130	8,165	9,960	20,810	10,080	10,735
English and French	2,400	845	1,555	4,525	2,050	2,475
English and non-official language	15,535	7,250	8,285	15,935	7,860	8,075
French and non-official language	15	10	10	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	185	70	115	295	140	155
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	640,830	329,370	311,455	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,095
None	580,175	299,415	280,760	2,370,575	1,264,955	1,105,620
English	12,250	5,805	6,440	13,805	6,540	7,270
French	5,630	2,300	3,325	23,920	11,380	12,545
Non-official language	41,725	21,375	20,355	57,640	30,700	26,935
Aboriginal	20	10	20	5,045	2,370	2,680
Non-Aboriginal	41,700	21,365	20,335	52,590	28,335	24,260
English and French	10	0	0	30	15	15
English and non-official language	595	255	345	215	105	110
French and non-official language	440	205	235	1,220	625	595
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,090,730	532,595	558,135	3,925,440	1,971,515	1,953,920
Non-movers	979,135	478,175	500,955	3,318,340	1,667,060	1,651,280
Movers	111,595	54,425	57,170	607,095	304,450	302,640
Non-migrants	55,650	27,110	28,535	394,230	199,640	194,590
Migrants	55,950	27,310	28,635	212,865	104,815	108,050
Internal migrants	42,645	20,950	21,700	166,390	82,335	84,055
Intraprovincial migrants	39,815	19,580	20,235	120,105	59,845	60,260
Interprovincial migrants	2,830	1,370	1,460	46,280	22,490	23,795
External migrants	13,305	6,365	6,945	46,475	22,480	23,995
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,043,775	508,275	535,500	3,714,635	1,863,450	1,851,190
Non-movers	687,285	336,165	351,125	2,052,580	1,028,510	1,024,070
Movers	356,485	172,110	184,380	1,662,055	834,935	827,120
Non-migrants	169,945	82,260	87,685	899,165	454,700	444,465
Migrants	186,540	89,850	96,695	762,890	380,235	382,655
Internal migrants	133,665	65,495	68,170	559,860	280,255	279,610
Intraprovincial migrants	126,340	62,050	64,285	333,775	165,900	167,875
Interprovincial migrants	7,325	3,440	3,880	226,090	114,355	111,730
External migrants	52,880	24,360	28,520	203,025	99,980	103,045