Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitchurch-Stouffville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Beardy's and Okemasis 96 and 97B, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Whitchurch-Stouffville, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Beardy's and Okemasis 96 and 97B, IRI Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Whitchurch-Stouffville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Whitchurch-Stouffville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Beardy's and Okemasis 96 and 97B, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	45,837	...	...	28	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	37,628	...	...	29	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	21.8	...	...	-3.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	15,712	...	...	5	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	15,355	...	...	5	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	222.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	206.22	...	...	9.91	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	45,845	22,435	23,405	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	9,315	4,745	4,565	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	3,220	1,680	1,545	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	3,190	1,585	1,605	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	2,900	1,480	1,415	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	29,205	14,335	14,875	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	2,610	1,340	1,275	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	2,285	1,200	1,085	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	2,085	1,025	1,060	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	3,095	1,420	1,670	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	3,505	1,620	1,885	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	3,520	1,810	1,710	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	3,270	1,625	1,645	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	3,260	1,615	1,645	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	2,985	1,455	1,530	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	2,590	1,220	1,370	x	x	x
65 years and over	7,320	3,355	3,965	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	2,395	1,120	1,280	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	1,740	840	900	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	1,270	610	660	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	1,000	450	550	x	x	x
85 years and over	915	340	575	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	585	235	350	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	245	90	155	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	75	15	60	x	x	x
100 years and over	5	5	10	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	20.3	21.1	19.5	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	63.7	63.9	63.6	x	x	x
65 years and over	16.0	15.0	16.9	x	x	x
85 years and over	2.0	1.5	2.5	x	x	x
Average age of the population	39.6	38.7	40.4	x	x	x
Median age of the population	40.0	39.6	40.4	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	11,720	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	105	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,525	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	810	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	1,550	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	405	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	750	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	2,320	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	4,650	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	2,890	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	3,435	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	2,060	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	45,345	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	3.0	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	36,525	17,690	18,840	x	x	x
Married or living common law	24,430	12,180	12,250	x	x	x
Married	22,345	11,140	11,205	x	x	x
Living common law	2,085	1,040	1,045	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	12,100	5,505	6,590	x	x	x
Never married	8,070	4,320	3,750	x	x	x
Separated	780	295	485	x	x	x
Divorced	1,470	560	915	x	x	x
Widowed	1,775	330	1,450	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	13,420	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	5,455	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	3,070	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	3,575	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,315	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	13,420	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	11,975	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	10,935	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	1,045	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,440	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	1,125	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	315	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	11,975	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	4,625	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	7,350	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	2,615	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	3,445	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	1,285	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,440	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	825	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	455	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,035	1,670	2,360	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	12,185	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,065	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,120	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	605	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,565	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	2,320	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	245	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	45,430	22,315	23,115	x	x	x
English only	41,145	20,535	20,610	x	x	x
French only	10	5	10	x	x	x
English and French	3,080	1,290	1,795	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	1,195	490	705	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	45,430	22,320	23,115	x	x	x
English	43,565	21,535	22,030	x	x	x
French	425	180	245	x	x	x
English and French	260	115	140	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	1,180	480	695	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	560	240	320	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.1	1.4	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	45,435	22,320	23,115	x	x	x
Single responses	44,045	21,640	22,410	x	x	x
Official languages	30,110	14,970	15,135	x	x	x
English	29,700	14,805	14,900	x	x	x
French	405	165	240	x	x	x
Non-official languages	13,940	6,670	7,270	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	5	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,940	6,670	7,265	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	390	195	190	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	390	195	190	x	x	x
Amharic	5	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	355	180	180	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	15	10	10	x	x	x
Maltese	5	5	5	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	55	65	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	x	x	x
Vietnamese	110	50	60	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	530	200	330	x	x	x
Bikol	5	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	15	5	10	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	x	x	x
Ilocano	25	10	10	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	25	15	15	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	440	165	285	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	15	5	10	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	2,020	1,005	1,015	x	x	x
Kannada	10	5	5	x	x	x
Malayalam	85	40	50	x	x	x
Tamil	1,880	940	945	x	x	x
Telugu	45	20	20	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	5,710	2,775	2,930	x	x	x
Albanian	45	20	25	x	x	x
Armenian	150	70	80	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	970	445	525	x	x	x
Baltic languages	30	10	15	x	x	x
Latvian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Lithuanian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages	940	435	505	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Bulgarian	15	5	10	x	x	x
Croatian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Czech	35	15	20	x	x	x
Macedonian	295	140	155	x	x	x
Polish	170	85	85	x	x	x
Russian	255	115	145	x	x	x
Serbian	35	15	20	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	25	10	15	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	50	20	30	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	5	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	545	260	290	x	x	x
Afrikaans	5	5	0	x	x	x
Danish	15	10	10	x	x	x
Dutch	115	60	60	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	400	185	215	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Swedish	10	0	5	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	445	215	225	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	1,565	770	795	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	1,235	600	635	x	x	x
Bengali	25	10	15	x	x	x
Gujarati	325	165	165	x	x	x
Hindi	140	70	70	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	5	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	10	0	5	x	x	x
Nepali	10	5	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	115	115	x	x	x
Sindhi	35	20	10	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	60	30	35	x	x	x
Urdu	400	180	215	x	x	x
Iranian languages	320	165	150	x	x	x
Kurdish	5	0	5	x	x	x
Pashto	35	20	15	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	280	145	135	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	1,985	990	995	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	1,225	640	580	x	x	x
Portuguese	225	110	120	x	x	x
Romanian	150	60	95	x	x	x
Spanish	370	180	195	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	40	15	25	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	145	70	75	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	5	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	5	0	5	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	5	5	5	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,665	2,210	2,455	x	x	x
Chinese languages	4,665	2,210	2,455	x	x	x
Cantonese	2,995	1,435	1,560	x	x	x
Hakka	75	30	40	x	x	x
Mandarin	1,445	670	770	x	x	x
Min Dong	5	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	35	35	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	30	40	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	20	x	x	x
Lao	10	0	10	x	x	x
Thai	10	5	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	40	25	20	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	5	5	5	x	x	x
Turkish	20	10	10	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	10	5	5	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	195	90	110	x	x	x
Estonian	25	15	15	x	x	x
Finnish	50	20	35	x	x	x
Hungarian	120	55	60	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	1,380	675	705	x	x	x
English and French	115	55	65	x	x	x
English and non-official language	1,215	595	620	x	x	x
French and non-official language	15	10	10	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	40	15	20	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	45,430	22,320	23,115	x	x	x
Single responses	42,455	20,855	21,605	x	x	x
Official languages	35,385	17,475	17,905	x	x	x
English	35,225	17,410	17,815	x	x	x
French	160	65	90	x	x	x
Non-official languages	7,075	3,375	3,695	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,075	3,375	3,695	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	55	70	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	125	60	65	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	120	60	65	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	5	5	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	5	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	35	15	20	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	170	75	90	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	x	x	x
Ilocano	10	5	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	15	10	5	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	55	75	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	1,300	620	680	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	40	25	20	x	x	x
Tamil	1,235	590	645	x	x	x
Telugu	25	15	10	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,770	825	940	x	x	x
Albanian	15	5	10	x	x	x
Armenian	40	15	15	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	295	140	150	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	295	140	150	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	10	5	5	x	x	x
Macedonian	70	35	35	x	x	x
Polish	40	25	15	x	x	x
Russian	135	60	65	x	x	x
Serbian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	5	0	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	5	0	5	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	65	35	35	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	10	5	5	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	55	30	30	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	115	50	65	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	750	355	400	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	565	265	300	x	x	x
Bengali	5	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	170	80	90	x	x	x
Hindi	60	30	30	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	5	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	5	5	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	50	60	x	x	x
Sindhi	10	5	5	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	20	25	x	x	x
Urdu	165	75	90	x	x	x
Iranian languages	175	85	95	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	20	10	10	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	155	70	85	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	490	225	265	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	235	110	130	x	x	x
Portuguese	30	10	15	x	x	x
Romanian	65	25	40	x	x	x
Spanish	165	80	85	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	90	50	45	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,490	1,680	1,805	x	x	x
Chinese languages	3,485	1,680	1,805	x	x	x
Cantonese	2,230	1,080	1,150	x	x	x
Hakka	40	20	20	x	x	x
Mandarin	1,125	540	580	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	15	20	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	5	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Lao	5	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	5	5	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	15	5	10	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	10	0	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	5	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	50	25	30	x	x	x
Estonian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Finnish	15	5	5	x	x	x
Hungarian	35	15	20	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	2,975	1,465	1,515	x	x	x
English and French	85	40	50	x	x	x
English and non-official language	2,810	1,390	1,425	x	x	x
French and non-official language	10	5	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	70	35	40	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	45,430	22,315	23,115	x	x	x
None	37,335	18,440	18,900	x	x	x
English	3,135	1,560	1,580	x	x	x
French	390	150	240	x	x	x
Non-official language	4,425	2,115	2,310	x	x	x
Aboriginal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	4,425	2,115	2,310	x	x	x
English and French	30	10	20	x	x	x
English and non-official language	55	20	35	x	x	x
French and non-official language	50	15	35	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	36,040	17,540	18,505	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,605	16,845	17,760	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,915	49,134	34,208	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,620	16,850	17,770	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,612	42,960	30,926	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,095	15,925	16,170	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,670	48,582	31,823	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,765	10,275	13,485	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,383	1,260	4,636	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,590	13,655	12,935	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,964	48,768	34,500	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	36,035	17,465	18,575	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,565	16,770	17,795	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,167	71,343	45,753	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,580	16,775	17,810	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,416	55,209	38,133	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,060	15,825	16,235	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,653	71,627	44,030	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,860	10,250	13,610	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,799	6,123	7,308	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,595	13,570	13,020	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,104	69,853	43,820	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	36,040	17,460	18,580	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	13,860	7,860	6,000	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	60,622	67,089	54,203	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	77,817	88,826	63,391	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.9	94.7	87.8	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.9	78.2	70.1	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.1	5.3	12.2	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	36,035	17,535	18,505	x	x	x
Without total income	1,435	695	740	x	x	x
With total income	34,610	16,845	17,765	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	96.0	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,970	2,065	2,910	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	4,850	1,950	2,895	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	3,840	1,595	2,250	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	3,320	1,415	1,900	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	3,280	1,495	1,785	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	2,730	1,335	1,390	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,355	1,240	1,115	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,970	1,080	885	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,540	880	655	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,480	815	660	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	4,280	2,960	1,315	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	2,615	1,735	875	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	1,660	1,220	435	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	36,040	17,535	18,500	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	1,420	685	730	x	x	x
With after-tax income	34,625	16,850	17,775	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.1	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,170	2,115	3,050	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	5,070	2,060	3,015	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	4,420	1,810	2,610	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,100	1,830	2,270	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	3,950	1,905	2,045	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,135	1,660	1,475	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,410	1,360	1,050	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,065	1,165	900	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	4,300	2,945	1,355	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,300	800	500	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	725	480	245	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	2,275	1,670	610	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	36,040	17,535	18,505	x	x	x
Without employment income	9,445	3,880	5,565	x	x	x
With employment income	26,595	13,655	12,935	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	73.8	77.9	69.9	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,265	1,510	1,755	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	1,885	825	1,060	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	3,110	1,430	1,680	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	2,390	1,035	1,360	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	2,365	1,030	1,330	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	2,390	1,095	1,290	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	2,035	1,060	975	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	1,750	935	815	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,480	835	650	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	5,920	3,895	2,025	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,285	755	525	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,260	685	575	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	3,375	2,450	920	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,997	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,652	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,320	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,816	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,930	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,035	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,117	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,169	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	130,938	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	104,529	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,315	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	63,774	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	51,345	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,035	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	142,880	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,985	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	175	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	230	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	330	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	305	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	350	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	410	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	400	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	420	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	905	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	845	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	955	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	940	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	885	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,965	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,100	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,710	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,080	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,065	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	165	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	180	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	245	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	370	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	330	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	410	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	465	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	530	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	555	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,085	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,120	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,205	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,180	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,045	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,380	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,340	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,540	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,505	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,905	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	113,414	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,622	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,945	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,864	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,478	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,365	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	128,589	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,632	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,265	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	74,354	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,051	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,905	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	142,279	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	113,391	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,975	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	136,698	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	106,706	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,340	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	156,001	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,435	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	82,632	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,495	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,970	1,310	1,660	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,709	45,952	40,218	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,790	40,269	36,114	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,970	1,295	1,680	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	58,515	61,197	56,446	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,542	48,895	46,498	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	45,345	22,280	23,065	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	16,015	7,665	8,350	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	2,340	1,145	1,195	x	x	x
In the second decile	2,890	1,325	1,565	x	x	x
In the third decile	3,240	1,550	1,695	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	3,510	1,695	1,820	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	4,030	1,955	2,080	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	29,325	14,615	14,715	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	4,375	2,175	2,195	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	5,195	2,515	2,680	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	5,875	2,875	3,000	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	6,605	3,345	3,265	x	x	x
In the top decile	7,275	3,700	3,575	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	45,345	22,275	23,070	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	10,875	5,550	5,330	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	3,860	2,005	1,855	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	27,555	13,475	14,085	x	x	x
65 years and over	6,910	3,255	3,655	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,735	1,800	1,935	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	1,035	535	500	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	335	180	160	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	2,195	1,065	1,125	x	x	x
65 years and over	510	195	310	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.2	8.1	8.4	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	9.6	9.4	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	8.7	9.0	8.6	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.9	8.0	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	7.4	6.0	8.5	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,685	825	860	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	410	200	210	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	135	70	65	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	1,135	565	570	x	x	x
65 years and over	140	60	80	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.7	3.7	3.7	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	3.6	3.9	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	3.5	3.5	3.5	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.2	4.0	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.8	2.2	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	45,340	22,280	23,065	x	x	x
Official languages	44,115	21,770	22,340	x	x	x
English	44,105	21,765	22,335	x	x	x
French	3,070	1,265	1,810	x	x	x
Non-official languages	17,925	8,640	9,285	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	17,925	8,640	9,290	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	630	325	310	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	635	330	305	x	x	x
Amharic	0	10	0	x	x	x
Arabic	555	285	275	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	65	30	30	x	x	x
Maltese	10	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	190	80	110	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	185	75	115	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	625	245	380	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	25	15	10	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	30	20	10	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	45	25	20	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	10	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	575	220	355	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	20	15	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	2,715	1,340	1,370	x	x	x
Kannada	20	10	10	x	x	x
Malayalam	100	45	55	x	x	x
Tamil	2,525	1,250	1,270	x	x	x
Telugu	90	35	55	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	8,200	4,040	4,160	x	x	x
Albanian	65	25	40	x	x	x
Armenian	160	90	70	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	1,335	630	705	x	x	x
Baltic languages	35	20	20	x	x	x
Latvian	25	15	10	x	x	x
Lithuanian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Slavic languages	1,305	620	690	x	x	x
Belarusan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	65	25	45	x	x	x
Czech	55	30	25	x	x	x
Macedonian	510	245	265	x	x	x
Polish	275	135	140	x	x	x
Russian	335	145	190	x	x	x
Serbian	40	15	25	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Slovak	40	15	25	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	60	20	40	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	10	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	695	300	395	x	x	x
Afrikaans	10	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	15	10	10	x	x	x
Dutch	155	60	95	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	490	225	265	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	25	10	15	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	780	390	390	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	2,410	1,205	1,200	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	2,090	1,025	1,065	x	x	x
Bengali	60	35	25	x	x	x
Gujarati	410	205	205	x	x	x
Hindi	635	305	330	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	10	10	0	x	x	x
Marathi	25	25	10	x	x	x
Nepali	10	0	10	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	15	0	10	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	430	225	210	x	x	x
Sindhi	100	45	50	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	115	60	60	x	x	x
Urdu	850	390	460	x	x	x
Iranian languages	335	190	150	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	20	10	10	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	315	175	140	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	3,005	1,510	1,495	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	1,855	980	875	x	x	x
Portuguese	320	160	155	x	x	x
Romanian	205	75	130	x	x	x
Spanish	700	335	365	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	60	25	40	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	115	50	65	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	35	15	15	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	10	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	40	15	25	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	20	15	10	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	30	15	15	x	x	x
American Sign Language	20	10	10	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,390	2,515	2,870	x	x	x
Chinese languages	5,395	2,520	2,875	x	x	x
Cantonese	3,785	1,775	2,010	x	x	x
Hakka	65	35	30	x	x	x
Mandarin	2,365	1,090	1,275	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	75	40	40	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	60	20	40	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	20	x	x	x
Lao	25	10	20	x	x	x
Thai	15	10	10	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	85	50	35	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	x	x	x
Turkish	45	30	15	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	25	10	15	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Uralic languages	240	95	145	x	x	x
Estonian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Finnish	80	30	50	x	x	x
Hungarian	140	60	80	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	45,340	22,280	23,065	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	42,750	21,140	21,605	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,565	5,420	5,145	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,185	15,730	16,460	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,595	1,135	1,460	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	45,340	22,275	23,070	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	30,315	15,140	15,175	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	14,740	7,035	7,705	x	x	x
Before 1981	4,175	2,075	2,100	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	2,135	1,040	1,090	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	4,010	1,955	2,050	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	3,455	1,545	1,910	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	2,000	920	1,080	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	1,450	625	825	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	975	420	550	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	290	100	190	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	14,740	7,040	7,705	x	x	x
Under 5 years	1,365	655	710	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	2,960	1,490	1,465	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	3,745	1,745	2,000	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	5,535	2,650	2,885	x	x	x
45 years and over	1,145	500	645	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	14,740	7,035	7,705	x	x	x
Americas	1,430	635	795	x	x	x
Brazil	40	15	25	x	x	x
Colombia	35	15	25	x	x	x
El Salvador	20	15	10	x	x	x
Guyana	225	95	130	x	x	x
Haiti	10	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	295	130	170	x	x	x
Mexico	85	40	50	x	x	x
Peru	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	120	65	55	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	335	135	200	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	250	125	130	x	x	x
Europe	3,965	1,945	2,020	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	x	x	x
Croatia	25	10	15	x	x	x
France	25	15	10	x	x	x
Germany	240	100	135	x	x	x
Greece	335	175	155	x	x	x
Hungary	65	30	35	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	45	30	15	x	x	x
Italy	790	430	360	x	x	x
Netherlands	100	50	45	x	x	x
Poland	175	75	100	x	x	x
Portugal	145	75	70	x	x	x
Romania	190	85	100	x	x	x
Russian Federation	115	35	85	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	0	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	100	35	65	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,100	550	550	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	490	235	255	x	x	x
Africa	555	285	270	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	145	70	75	x	x	x
Ethiopia	10	0	0	x	x	x
Kenya	70	35	30	x	x	x
Morocco	10	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	20	20	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	55	35	25	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	245	120	125	x	x	x
Asia	8,755	4,155	4,600	x	x	x
Afghanistan	90	40	55	x	x	x
Bangladesh	35	25	15	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,940	880	1,060	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	1,510	725	785	x	x	x
India	880	425	460	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	185	115	65	x	x	x
Iraq	40	30	10	x	x	x
Japan	35	0	30	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	100	50	50	x	x	x
Lebanon	95	50	45	x	x	x
Pakistan	490	240	255	x	x	x
Philippines	590	255	330	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	1,660	805	860	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	10	x	x	x
Taiwan	150	60	95	x	x	x
Viet Nam	355	155	200	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	570	280	290	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	45	25	25	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	975	425	550	x	x	x
Americas	95	40	55	x	x	x
Brazil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuba	10	10	0	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	10	0	10	x	x	x
Mexico	15	10	10	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	15	15	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	20	0	15	x	x	x
Europe	80	35	45	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germany	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	10	0	10	x	x	x
Russian Federation	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	25	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	x	x	x
Africa	30	15	10	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	10	x	x	x
Eritrea	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	15	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tunisia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	x	x	x
Asia	765	325	440	x	x	x
Afghanistan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	375	160	215	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	10	35	x	x	x
India	100	40	60	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israel	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Lebanon	10	10	0	x	x	x
Nepal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	20	10	15	x	x	x
Philippines	0	0	10	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	100	55	45	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	25	10	20	x	x	x
Viet Nam	0	0	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	0	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Australia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	45,345	22,275	23,065	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	15,305	7,290	8,015	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	13,405	6,780	6,625	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	16,635	8,210	8,425	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10,840	5,130	5,710	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,440	2,755	2,680	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,925	1,325	605	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,510	1,435	2,080	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,575	1,385	2,190	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,655	885	770	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	175	105	70	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	45,345	22,280	23,065	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	340	175	170	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	325	160	165	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	200	115	85	x	x	x
Métis	115	40	70	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	10	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	44,995	22,100	22,895	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	45,345	22,275	23,065	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	85	60	25	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	45,255	22,210	23,040	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	45,340	22,275	23,065	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	15	15	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25	15	10	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	0	10	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	540	280	260	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	540	280	260	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	400	215	185	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	65	75	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	44,775	21,985	22,790	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	45,345	22,280	23,070	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	16,745	8,125	8,615	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	5,635	2,825	2,810	x	x	x
Chinese	5,950	2,830	3,125	x	x	x
Black	1,005	490	515	x	x	x
Filipino	1,135	510	630	x	x	x
Latin American	355	145	205	x	x	x
Arab	450	240	210	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	310	145	165	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	350	200	150	x	x	x
Korean	180	75	100	x	x	x
Japanese	160	65	95	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	375	195	185	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	830	410	425	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	28,600	14,150	14,450	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	45,345	22,275	23,065	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	565	290	275	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	415	220	195	x	x	x
Inuit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis	150	70	80	x	x	x
Other North American origins	8,740	4,360	4,380	x	x	x
Acadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
American	415	220	190	x	x	x
Canadian	8,425	4,190	4,235	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	35	30	0	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ontarian	15	0	10	x	x	x
Québécois	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	x	x	x
European origins	26,740	13,030	13,710	x	x	x
British Isles origins	15,340	7,445	7,895	x	x	x
Channel Islander	10	0	10	x	x	x
Cornish	0	0	0	x	x	x
English	9,115	4,400	4,715	x	x	x
Irish	6,195	2,980	3,215	x	x	x
Manx	15	10	10	x	x	x
Scottish	6,500	3,130	3,365	x	x	x
Welsh	625	320	310	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,400	680	715	x	x	x
French origins	2,355	1,090	1,265	x	x	x
Alsatian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Breton	0	0	0	x	x	x
Corsican	0	0	0	x	x	x
French	2,350	1,090	1,265	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,375	2,060	2,315	x	x	x
Austrian	285	100	180	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	60	20	40	x	x	x
Dutch	1,235	600	640	x	x	x
Flemish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	2,915	1,395	1,520	x	x	x
Luxembourger	10	0	0	x	x	x
Swiss	265	105	165	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	745	330	420	x	x	x
Danish	195	80	115	x	x	x
Finnish	255	105	150	x	x	x
Icelandic	40	20	20	x	x	x
Norwegian	130	65	65	x	x	x
Swedish	120	45	75	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	20	10	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	3,580	1,740	1,840	x	x	x
Bulgarian	35	20	20	x	x	x
Byelorussian	30	20	10	x	x	x
Czech	120	60	65	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	30	10	20	x	x	x
Estonian	70	50	25	x	x	x
Hungarian	420	200	215	x	x	x
Latvian	115	50	70	x	x	x
Lithuanian	65	30	40	x	x	x
Moldovan	15	0	10	x	x	x
Polish	1,235	645	590	x	x	x
Romanian	315	130	185	x	x	x
Russian	650	270	375	x	x	x
Slovak	95	45	45	x	x	x
Ukrainian	1,005	505	500	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	70	25	45	x	x	x
Southern European origins	9,135	4,565	4,570	x	x	x
Albanian	70	25	45	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	145	70	75	x	x	x
Cypriot	75	25	50	x	x	x
Greek	1,710	870	830	x	x	x
Italian	5,325	2,695	2,625	x	x	x
Kosovar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	870	440	425	x	x	x
Maltese	90	40	50	x	x	x
Montenegrin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	1,035	505	535	x	x	x
Serbian	70	35	35	x	x	x
Sicilian	55	30	30	x	x	x
Slovenian	105	65	45	x	x	x
Spanish	650	235	415	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	160	75	80	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	220	110	110	x	x	x
Basque	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jewish	105	60	45	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	0	10	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	90	45	50	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	1,390	665	730	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Barbadian	120	70	50	x	x	x
Bermudan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	40	20	20	x	x	x
Dominican	35	10	25	x	x	x
Grenadian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	55	15	35	x	x	x
Jamaican	685	340	350	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	0	15	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	25	20	10	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	175	100	75	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	20	15	10	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	220	90	130	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	100	45	55	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	935	485	450	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	10	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	45	20	30	x	x	x
Belizean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bolivian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Brazilian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Chilean	25	0	15	x	x	x
Colombian	110	50	65	x	x	x
Costa Rican	20	10	10	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	20	10	0	x	x	x
Guatemalan	20	10	15	x	x	x
Guyanese	410	210	200	x	x	x
Hispanic	10	0	0	x	x	x
Honduran	15	10	0	x	x	x
Maya	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexican	140	75	65	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Panamanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Paraguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peruvian	25	0	25	x	x	x
Salvadorean	20	20	0	x	x	x
Uruguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	35	25	10	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	x	x	x
African origins	860	450	405	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	80	55	30	x	x	x
Akan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	10	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	50	30	25	x	x	x
Guinean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ivorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Liberian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	20	10	10	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins	430	225	205	x	x	x
Algerian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	380	200	180	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	40	25	20	x	x	x
Sudanese	55	25	20	x	x	x
Tunisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	135	80	50	x	x	x
Afrikaner	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	10	0	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
South African	45	30	15	x	x	x
Tanzanian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	50	35	15	x	x	x
Other African origins	210	90	125	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	210	85	125	x	x	x
Asian origins	15,280	7,450	7,835	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,315	710	595	x	x	x
Afghan	160	90	65	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	90	45	45	x	x	x
Armenian	285	170	115	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	315	170	140	x	x	x
Iraqi	75	45	30	x	x	x
Israeli	45	25	20	x	x	x
Jordanian	20	15	10	x	x	x
Kazakh	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	30	10	15	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	180	80	95	x	x	x
Palestinian	105	60	40	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	15	0	15	x	x	x
Syrian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	15	10	10	x	x	x
Turk	45	20	25	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	35	25	15	x	x	x
Yemeni	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	0	20	x	x	x
South Asian origins	5,760	2,885	2,870	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	30	15	15	x	x	x
Bengali	10	10	0	x	x	x
Bhutanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	2,695	1,335	1,360	x	x	x
Goan	0	10	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	50	20	25	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistani	640	315	320	x	x	x
Punjabi	45	20	25	x	x	x
Sinhalese	75	40	35	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	1,965	980	980	x	x	x
Tamil	730	385	350	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	255	135	120	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	8,425	3,965	4,455	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Chinese	6,690	3,190	3,505	x	x	x
Filipino	1,390	615	775	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	35	20	15	x	x	x
Japanese	245	95	150	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	225	90	135	x	x	x
Laotian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Malaysian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Mongolian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Singaporean	10	0	10	x	x	x
Taiwanese	60	20	35	x	x	x
Thai	15	15	10	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	270	145	120	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	10	x	x	x
Oceania origins	125	75	50	x	x	x
Australian	80	45	30	x	x	x
New Zealander	15	10	10	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	30	20	15	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hawaiian	25	20	10	x	x	x
Maori	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	13,605	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	1,750	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	1,535	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	13,825	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	630	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,095	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,460	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,145	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,665	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	1,960	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	2,500	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	2,785	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,440	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,185	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	165	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	14,960	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	400	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	1,695	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,280	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,805	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,315	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,175	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,410	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,680	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	14,970	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	385	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,200	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,700	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	450	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	15,355	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,725	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,420	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,475	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,910	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,130	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,225	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	425	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	15,255	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	11,170	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,090	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,560	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,540	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.8	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.3	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,797	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,873	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	751,188	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	836,075	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,740	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.6	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.1	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,297	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,356	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	36,040	17,460	18,580	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,265	2,570	2,695	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,130	4,855	5,280	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,645	10,035	10,600	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,875	1,410	465	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	885	580	305	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	990	830	160	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,275	3,250	4,020	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	950	475	480	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,545	4,905	5,640	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	7,565	3,425	4,135	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	710	300	410	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	270	150	120	x	x	x
Master's degree	1,855	955	905	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	145	80	65	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	24,320	11,670	12,655	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,795	935	860	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,010	2,940	3,070	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,525	7,795	8,730	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,260	965	290	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	575	390	185	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	685	575	110	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,890	2,655	3,235	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	710	365	350	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,665	3,810	4,850	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	6,255	2,715	3,540	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	235	370	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	75	100	x	x	x
Master's degree	1,510	730	780	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	110	55	55	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	36,040	17,460	18,575	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,400	7,420	7,980	x	x	x
Education	1,425	275	1,150	x	x	x
13. Education	1,425	275	1,155	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	830	400	430	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	90	45	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	695	310	380	x	x	x
Humanities	1,125	370	755	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	90	10	80	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	295	45	255	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	330	100	240	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	35	30	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	50	30	x	x	x
54. History	225	125	105	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,910	960	1,955	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	0	45	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	285	105	185	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	505	55	445	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	445	125	315	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	0	35	x	x	x
42. Psychology	430	90	340	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	1,175	580	585	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	4,960	2,280	2,680	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	35	215	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,710	2,245	2,465	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	950	470	475	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	355	135	215	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	305	125	175	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	255	190	65	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	15	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,130	685	445	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	855	560	300	x	x	x
25. Library science	45	10	30	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	220	110	105	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	15	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,610	3,280	325	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	175	120	55	x	x	x
14. Engineering	1,190	1,015	180	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	705	635	65	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	675	670	10	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	605	590	10	x	x	x
48. Precision production	265	255	10	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	200	90	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	130	45	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	70	45	x	x	x
Health and related fields	2,465	640	1,830	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	435	225	210	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	2,010	405	1,610	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	935	475	460	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	495	135	360	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	320	230	95	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	110	10	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	24,320	11,670	12,655	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,800	3,875	3,925	x	x	x
Education	1,095	200	890	x	x	x
13. Education	1,095	200	895	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	635	295	345	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	55	35	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	540	235	310	x	x	x
Humanities	810	260	545	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	10	70	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	210	30	180	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	235	60	175	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	30	15	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	x	x	x
54. History	160	95	65	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,375	685	1,690	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	35	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	240	80	155	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	430	40	390	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	360	65	290	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	x	x	x
42. Psychology	330	50	275	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	950	440	505	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	4,185	1,865	2,320	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	30	190	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,960	1,830	2,130	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	765	355	410	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	105	185	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	255	105	150	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	195	140	55	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,050	640	405	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	815	530	285	x	x	x
25. Library science	35	10	25	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	180	95	85	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	0	15	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,790	2,505	285	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	145	95	45	x	x	x
14. Engineering	935	775	155	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	575	520	60	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	470	465	0	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	460	450	10	x	x	x
48. Precision production	205	195	10	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	135	85	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	95	40	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	45	40	x	x	x
Health and related fields	1,890	480	1,400	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	365	190	175	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	1,510	290	1,220	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	705	365	345	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	360	100	260	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	265	185	80	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	85	0	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	36,035	17,460	18,575	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,400	7,420	7,975	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20,640	10,040	10,600	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	16,465	7,900	8,560	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	15,440	7,435	8,005	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	1,025	465	555	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,180	2,140	2,040	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	565	310	255	x	x	x
Philippines	285	105	175	x	x	x
India	450	195	250	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	485	295	190	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	460	220	235	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other	1,935	1,010	920	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	24,325	11,670	12,655	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,805	3,875	3,925	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	16,525	7,790	8,730	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	13,220	6,185	7,035	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	12,495	5,875	6,620	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	725	305	420	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,305	1,610	1,695	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	465	235	235	x	x	x
Philippines	250	95	155	x	x	x
India	400	175	230	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	255	160	100	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	425	195	230	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other	1,500	750	750	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	36,035	17,460	18,580	x	x	x
In the labour force	24,570	12,860	11,710	x	x	x
Employed	23,285	12,200	11,085	x	x	x
Unemployed	1,285	660	625	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	11,465	4,600	6,865	x	x	x
Participation rate	68.2	73.7	63.0	x	x	x
Employment rate	64.6	69.9	59.7	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	5.2	5.1	5.3	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	36,040	17,460	18,580	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,605	4,245	6,360	x	x	x
Worked	25,435	13,215	12,220	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	14,265	8,145	6,120	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	11,170	5,075	6,095	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.9	44.7	43.0	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	24,570	12,860	11,710	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	425	195	235	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	24,145	12,670	11,475	x	x	x
Employee	20,665	10,355	10,310	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,480	2,315	1,170	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	24,570	12,860	11,710	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	425	190	235	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	24,145	12,670	11,475	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	3,815	2,525	1,290	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,410	1,260	3,150	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,850	1,445	405	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	1,270	310	970	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,845	850	2,000	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	830	390	445	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	5,135	2,375	2,760	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,715	2,550	160	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	580	470	110	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	675	495	180	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	24,570	12,860	11,710	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	430	195	235	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	24,145	12,665	11,475	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	240	165	75	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	30	15	x	x	x
22 Utilities	195	140	50	x	x	x
23 Construction	2,020	1,690	330	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	1,850	1,280	565	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	1,350	795	560	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	2,565	1,310	1,255	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	810	630	180	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	690	425	265	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	1,940	935	1,000	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	660	340	325	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,355	1,315	1,040	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	60	15	45	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,160	655	500	x	x	x
61 Educational services	2,105	565	1,540	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	2,065	390	1,675	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	745	430	315	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	1,330	555	780	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	975	445	530	x	x	x
91 Public administration	990	560	440	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	23,285	12,200	11,090	x	x	x
Worked at home	2,275	1,160	1,115	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	135	85	50	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	2,595	1,960	635	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	18,280	8,995	9,285	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	18,285	9,000	9,285	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,395	1,495	1,900	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,580	3,540	4,040	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,280	3,960	3,325	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	20	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	20,875	10,955	9,915	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	17,495	9,515	7,980	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,250	450	800	x	x	x
Public transit	1,400	670	730	x	x	x
Walked	510	220	290	x	x	x
Bicycle	70	40	30	x	x	x
Other method	150	70	80	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	20,875	10,960	9,920	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	3,460	1,540	1,925	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	4,580	2,195	2,385	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	5,895	3,280	2,615	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	2,970	1,585	1,380	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	3,965	2,355	1,605	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	20,875	10,955	9,920	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,375	1,050	320	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,865	2,310	1,560	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,360	3,200	3,160	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,150	1,900	2,255	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,790	1,215	1,575	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,335	1,285	1,045	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	26,050	13,505	12,550	x	x	x
Single responses	25,530	13,260	12,270	x	x	x
Official languages	24,840	12,910	11,930	x	x	x
English	24,755	12,895	11,860	x	x	x
French	85	10	75	x	x	x
Non-official languages	695	355	340	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	695	350	340	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	55	15	40	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	55	15	40	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	40	25	15	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	10	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	10	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	10	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	15	10	10	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	15	10	10	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	565	290	275	x	x	x
Chinese languages	565	290	275	x	x	x
Cantonese	380	195	185	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	190	95	90	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	520	240	275	x	x	x
English and French	80	30	55	x	x	x
English and non-official language	435	210	225	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	26,050	13,500	12,550	x	x	x
None	24,460	12,695	11,765	x	x	x
English	330	140	190	x	x	x
French	270	95	180	x	x	x
Non-official language	955	555	400	x	x	x
Aboriginal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	955	555	405	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	20	10	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	15	10	10	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	44,740	21,960	22,780	x	x	x
Non-movers	40,220	19,650	20,570	x	x	x
Movers	4,520	2,310	2,210	x	x	x
Non-migrants	1,770	865	905	x	x	x
Migrants	2,750	1,445	1,305	x	x	x
Internal migrants	2,505	1,330	1,170	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	2,410	1,285	1,125	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	100	50	50	x	x	x
External migrants	245	115	130	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	42,130	20,565	21,565	x	x	x
Non-movers	25,150	12,395	12,760	x	x	x
Movers	16,975	8,175	8,805	x	x	x
Non-migrants	6,150	2,850	3,300	x	x	x
Migrants	10,825	5,325	5,500	x	x	x
Internal migrants	9,800	4,845	4,950	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	9,570	4,735	4,835	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	230	110	115	x	x	x
External migrants	1,030	480	550	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Whitchurch-Stouffville, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Beardy's and Okemasis 96 and 97B, IRI [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 10, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitchurch-Stouffville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Beardy's and Okemasis 96 and 97B, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Whitchurch-Stouffville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Beardy's and Okemasis 96 and 97B, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitchurch-Stouffville, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Beardy's and Okemasis 96 and 97B, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan