Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto, C Ontario [Census subdivision]			Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	2,731,571	...	...	5,928,040	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	2,615,060	...	...	5,583,064	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	1,179,057	...	...	2,235,145	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	1,112,929	...	...	2,135,909	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,334.4	...	...	1,003.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	630.20	...	...	5,905.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	2,731,575	1,313,590	1,417,985	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290
0 to 14 years	398,135	204,190	193,945	985,615	505,690	479,920
0 to 4 years	136,000	69,895	66,105	310,070	158,835	151,235
5 to 9 years	135,025	69,345	65,680	338,320	173,665	164,660
10 to 14 years	127,105	64,940	62,165	337,220	173,190	164,035
15 to 64 years	1,906,495	925,070	981,420	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935
15 to 19 years	145,525	74,240	71,280	366,525	188,790	177,735
20 to 24 years	194,750	97,415	97,330	411,945	210,445	201,500
25 to 29 years	232,945	113,905	119,035	424,345	209,785	214,560
30 to 34 years	224,580	108,895	115,680	419,845	201,620	218,220
35 to 39 years	196,310	94,065	102,240	406,175	190,620	215,555
40 to 44 years	182,390	86,535	95,860	414,490	195,580	218,910
45 to 49 years	190,925	90,860	100,065	440,145	210,225	229,920
50 to 54 years	202,405	98,735	103,670	460,465	225,115	235,350
55 to 59 years	182,805	88,145	94,655	407,175	198,170	209,005
60 to 64 years	153,865	72,265	81,600	332,740	158,560	174,175
65 years and over	426,945	184,325	242,615	858,580	382,150	476,435
65 to 69 years	130,540	60,360	70,185	280,910	132,275	148,635
70 to 74 years	93,600	42,315	51,285	197,490	91,745	105,745
75 to 79 years	76,160	32,730	43,430	151,925	68,045	83,880
80 to 84 years	60,630	25,670	34,965	113,220	49,005	64,215
85 years and over	66,005	23,245	42,750	115,030	41,080	73,955
85 to 89 years	40,800	15,665	25,135	72,340	28,160	44,175
90 to 94 years	19,680	6,180	13,500	33,400	10,570	22,835
95 to 99 years	4,750	1,275	3,470	8,030	2,115	5,915
100 years and over	770	120	650	1,270	230	1,040
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.5	13.7	16.6	17.6	15.7
15 to 64 years	69.8	70.4	69.2	68.9	69.1	68.7
65 years and over	15.6	14.0	17.1	14.5	13.3	15.6
85 years and over	2.4	1.8	3.0	1.9	1.4	2.4
Average age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.7	39.7	38.7	40.6
Median age of the population	39.3	38.0	40.5	39.4	38.2	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Single-detached house	269,675	...	...	846,405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	493,280	...	...	626,905	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	349,885	...	...	661,955	...	...
Semi-detached house	71,230	...	...	158,815	...	...
Row house	61,630	...	...	195,245	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	48,540	...	...	89,975	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	165,625	...	...	214,365	...	...
Other single-attached house	2,860	...	...	3,555	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	95	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
1 person	359,955	...	...	519,795	...	...
2 persons	333,425	...	...	598,700	...	...
3 persons	175,720	...	...	373,775	...	...
4 persons	146,580	...	...	377,170	...	...
5 or more persons	97,245	...	...	266,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,691,665	...	...	5,862,855	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	2,333,435	1,109,400	1,224,035	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365
Married or living common law	1,181,360	592,560	588,805	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315
Married	1,011,190	505,025	506,165	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995
Living common law	170,175	87,535	82,640	291,240	147,925	143,320
Not married and not living common law	1,152,075	516,840	635,240	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050
Never married	806,265	410,975	395,295	1,537,495	798,270	739,220
Separated	68,715	27,570	41,145	130,030	51,235	78,795
Divorced	152,000	55,490	96,515	271,530	97,385	174,150
Widowed	125,095	22,810	102,285	245,200	45,310	199,890
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	718,750	...	...	1,625,790	...	...
2 persons	344,110	...	...	682,915	...	...
3 persons	174,600	...	...	397,625	...	...
4 persons	143,250	...	...	391,440	...	...
5 or more persons	56,795	...	...	153,805	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	718,755	...	...	1,625,790	...	...
Total couple families	566,155	...	...	1,333,645	...	...
Married couples	481,125	...	...	1,188,130	...	...
Common-law couples	85,030	...	...	145,515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	152,595	...	...	292,150	...	...
Female parent	128,550	...	...	241,820	...	...
Male parent	24,050	...	...	50,325	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	566,155	...	...	1,333,645	...	...
Couples without children	250,085	...	...	509,835	...	...
Couples with children	316,075	...	...	823,805	...	...
1 child	133,440	...	...	312,605	...	...
2 children	130,765	...	...	366,295	...	...
3 or more children	51,865	...	...	144,910	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	152,600	...	...	292,145	...	...
1 child	94,025	...	...	173,080	...	...
2 children	41,160	...	...	85,025	...	...
3 or more children	17,415	...	...	34,040	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	602,855	277,825	325,035	923,210	415,830	507,380
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
One-census-family households	653,360	...	...	1,430,535	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	226,080	...	...	434,860	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	427,280	...	...	995,670	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	31,600	...	...	93,790	...	...
Non-census-family households	427,970	...	...	611,585	...	...
One-person households	359,960	...	...	519,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	68,015	...	...	91,795	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,510	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885
English only	2,323,235	1,139,585	1,183,655	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880
French only	2,725	1,140	1,585	4,855	2,035	2,815
English and French	245,695	107,985	137,705	464,980	201,080	263,900
Neither English nor French	132,765	53,195	79,570	258,925	102,635	156,290
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885
English	2,508,815	1,219,600	1,289,220	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785
French	39,795	18,805	20,995	72,790	33,545	39,245
English and French	24,865	11,205	13,660	51,895	23,470	28,425
Neither English nor French	130,940	52,295	78,640	255,295	100,870	154,430
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	52,230	24,405	27,820	98,735	45,280	53,455
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.7	1.6	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880
Single responses	2,598,230	1,251,220	1,347,010	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090
Official languages	1,411,345	697,965	713,380	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970
English	1,375,900	681,120	694,780	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775
French	35,440	16,845	18,595	65,535	30,340	35,195
Non-official languages	1,186,885	553,255	633,635	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120
Aboriginal languages	425	185	235	575	255	325
Algonquian languages	315	140	175	400	175	230
Blackfoot	0	5	0	5	10	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	90	35	55	115	45	70
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	5
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	10	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Northern East Cree	5	5	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	10	0	5
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	5	15	30	10	20
Woods Cree	5	5	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	15	30	55	20	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	25	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	25	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	195	95	105	250	115	140
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	175	85	90	230	105	120
Oji-Cree	5	5	5	10	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	5	5	15	5	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages	15	10	5	25	10	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	5	25	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	5	0	5
Dene	5	5	5	5	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	5	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	5	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages	20	0	20	35	15	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	20	30	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	20	5	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	5	15	10	5
Oneida	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	5	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	5	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	55	30	25	80	40	40
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,186,465	553,070	633,395	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795
Afro-Asiatic languages	65,540	32,330	33,205	140,140	69,950	70,195
Berber languages	135	80	55	220	130	90
Kabyle	60	30	25	105	60	50
Berber languages, n.i.e.	75	45	30	115	70	45
Cushitic languages	12,355	5,300	7,050	14,405	6,195	8,205
Bilen	75	45	30	80	45	35
Oromo	860	420	435	1,005	490	515
Somali	11,375	4,810	6,565	13,255	5,625	7,630
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	65	35	30
Semitic languages	52,845	26,840	26,010	125,160	63,435	61,725
Amharic	6,425	2,880	3,550	7,460	3,375	4,085
Arabic	29,825	15,745	14,075	85,175	43,805	41,365
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	4,840	2,360	2,480	10,195	4,985	5,215
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	700	360	335	1,845	920	925
Harari	755	350	405	930	435	490
Hebrew	4,350	2,345	2,005	10,390	5,560	4,830
Maltese	1,430	715	710	3,525	1,730	1,795
Tigrigna	4,150	1,890	2,260	4,725	2,160	2,560
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	380	190	190	925	465	460
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	200	115	90	355	185	175
Austro-Asiatic languages	26,165	11,860	14,305	51,160	23,360	27,800
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,365	595	770	3,090	1,400	1,690
Vietnamese	24,775	11,255	13,520	48,005	21,935	26,070
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	20	10	15	65	25	40
Austronesian languages	99,750	39,030	60,725	160,980	63,835	97,150
Bikol	320	135	185	470	210	260
Cebuano	3,390	1,335	2,055	5,080	2,020	3,055
Fijian	25	15	10	55	25	25
Hiligaynon	1,695	665	1,040	2,320	890	1,435
Ilocano	7,135	2,765	4,375	9,415	3,685	5,735
Malagasy	20	10	10	25	15	15
Malay	1,930	880	1,050	4,420	1,995	2,430
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	720	310	410	1,305	580	725
Pangasinan	320	125	200	450	185	270
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	83,230	32,445	50,785	136,115	53,725	82,385
Waray-Waray	210	60	150	315	105	205
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	755	290	465	1,015	400	610
Creole languages	3,015	1,350	1,660	5,505	2,575	2,930
Haitian Creole	165	75	85	200	95	110
Creole, n.o.s.	1,825	815	1,010	3,380	1,600	1,785
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,020	460	560	1,920	875	1,040
Dravidian languages	67,055	33,175	33,880	133,415	65,680	67,740
Kannada	730	380	350	2,025	1,015	1,010
Malayalam	4,560	2,460	2,100	12,530	6,430	6,100
Tamil	57,535	27,935	29,600	109,580	53,225	56,355
Telugu	4,125	2,355	1,775	9,015	4,880	4,135
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	275	135	140
Hmong-Mien languages	20	5	10	25	10	15
Indo-European languages	589,410	282,355	307,055	1,372,335	664,655	707,680
Albanian	8,495	4,225	4,270	13,260	6,615	6,645
Armenian	7,845	3,740	4,105	12,570	6,070	6,505
Balto-Slavic languages	120,445	53,650	66,790	261,650	119,970	141,685
Baltic languages	3,490	1,365	2,125	5,445	2,185	3,260
Latvian	1,610	645	965	2,255	905	1,350
Lithuanian	1,880	725	1,160	3,185	1,280	1,910
Slavic languages	116,955	52,290	64,665	256,205	117,785	138,420
Belarusan	195	95	100	355	170	185
Bosnian	1,105	525	580	2,750	1,330	1,415
Bulgarian	4,345	2,075	2,270	6,945	3,350	3,590
Croatian	5,570	2,535	3,035	16,525	7,925	8,595
Czech	2,860	1,345	1,515	4,795	2,215	2,580
Macedonian	6,190	2,920	3,270	12,010	5,700	6,315
Polish	25,060	10,845	14,215	69,860	31,625	38,240
Russian	36,145	15,805	20,345	83,105	37,735	45,375
Serbian	13,380	6,450	6,930	21,420	10,425	10,995
Serbo-Croatian	1,470	670	800	2,420	1,130	1,290
Slovak	3,095	1,455	1,645	5,260	2,455	2,800
Slovene (Slovenian)	1,785	750	1,035	3,705	1,630	2,075
Ukrainian	15,465	6,685	8,785	26,550	11,840	14,710
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	280	140	140	510	265	245
Celtic languages	275	125	145	460	210	250
Scottish Gaelic	80	35	40	165	75	90
Welsh	85	30	55	150	65	85
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	45	140	75	70
Germanic languages	22,310	10,095	12,215	45,990	20,810	25,180
Afrikaans	405	210	190	985	475	510
Danish	665	285	380	1,570	710	855
Dutch	3,180	1,535	1,645	8,585	4,045	4,540
Frisian	40	25	15	135	60	75
German	14,515	6,440	8,075	29,425	13,140	16,285
Icelandic	65	35	30	85	40	45
Norwegian	230	105	130	380	170	210
Swedish	700	305	395	1,140	485	660
Vlaams (Flemish)	130	50	80	280	110	170
Yiddish	2,350	1,095	1,255	3,355	1,555	1,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	50	20	25
Greek	27,840	13,415	14,425	41,225	20,005	21,215
Indo-Iranian languages	194,760	99,110	95,650	589,495	296,750	292,745
Indo-Aryan languages	138,625	70,700	67,930	476,470	239,960	236,510
Bengali	28,460	14,365	14,090	38,325	19,275	19,045
Gujarati	26,400	13,520	12,880	64,115	32,120	31,995
Hindi	15,230	7,960	7,270	48,140	24,165	23,975
Kashmiri	80	45	40	275	140	140
Konkani	745	355	390	2,155	1,020	1,135
Marathi	1,760	925	835	4,465	2,270	2,200
Nepali	2,540	1,290	1,245	4,685	2,350	2,330
Oriya (Odia)	300	165	135	585	315	270
Punjabi (Panjabi)	19,965	10,380	9,590	171,230	86,995	84,230
Sindhi	2,440	1,080	1,355	5,800	2,720	3,085
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,280	1,605	1,675	7,860	3,805	4,055
Urdu	37,420	19,005	18,420	128,845	64,790	64,060
Iranian languages	55,190	27,895	27,295	111,100	55,775	55,330
Kurdish	1,650	930	720	2,775	1,555	1,220
Pashto	4,355	2,285	2,070	7,685	3,960	3,730
Persian (Farsi)	49,185	24,680	24,510	100,640	50,255	50,380
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	945	520	425	1,920	1,020	910
Italic (Romance) languages	207,445	97,980	109,465	407,685	194,225	213,460
Catalan	125	70	55	165	90	75
Italian	62,640	29,050	33,590	151,415	72,645	78,770
Portuguese	59,355	28,540	30,820	104,305	50,075	54,235
Romanian	12,335	5,630	6,705	25,075	11,670	13,400
Spanish	72,850	34,635	38,215	126,500	59,645	66,860
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	135	60	75	225	105	125
Japanese	7,015	2,405	4,610	9,650	3,370	6,280
Kartvelian languages	870	465	400	1,110	595	515
Georgian	870	465	400	1,110	595	515
Korean	33,665	15,155	18,505	55,005	25,250	29,750
Mongolic languages	290	130	165	345	155	190
Mongolian	295	130	160	345	155	190
Niger-Congo languages	13,780	6,455	7,325	24,130	11,310	12,820
Akan (Twi)	4,340	1,970	2,375	8,490	3,905	4,580
Bamanankan	45	25	20	60	30	30
Edo	670	260	410	1,020	410	610
Ewe	175	90	80	370	185	190
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	165	85	75	220	115	105
Ga	200	90	115	440	200	245
Ganda	375	180	200	515	245	270
Igbo	740	385	355	1,520	775	750
Lingala	285	135	150	375	175	200
Rundi (Kirundi)	270	130	135	355	165	185
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	285	135	150	380	175	210
Shona	395	185	205	680	325	355
Swahili	2,230	1,050	1,185	3,215	1,495	1,715
Wolof	115	65	50	160	90	80
Yoruba	1,580	820	760	3,380	1,720	1,655
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,905	845	1,055	2,945	1,310	1,635
Nilo-Saharan languages	235	125	105	360	200	160
Dinka	40	20	15	45	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	200	105	90	315	170	145
Sign languages	565	320	245	1,220	665	555
American Sign Language	210	120	90	470	250	220
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	350	200	150	750	420	330
Sino-Tibetan languages	250,960	114,630	136,330	516,670	239,930	276,740
Chinese languages	245,285	111,855	133,430	510,185	236,775	273,415
Cantonese	114,670	52,085	62,585	247,710	115,020	132,680
Hakka	2,855	1,225	1,635	6,495	2,915	3,580
Mandarin	111,405	51,120	60,280	227,085	105,655	121,435
Min Dong	450	220	225	765	370	395
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	6,120	2,820	3,300	11,580	5,345	6,235
Wu (Shanghainese)	2,665	1,200	1,470	5,290	2,380	2,910
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,015	3,135	3,880	11,075	4,995	6,080
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	100	50	55	190	95	95
Tibeto-Burman languages	5,670	2,775	2,895	6,485	3,160	3,325
Burmese	610	270	335	1,005	450	555
Karenic languages	255	125	135	265	125	140
Tibetan	4,590	2,275	2,320	4,875	2,410	2,470
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	215	110	105	335	175	160
Tai-Kadai languages	1,720	690	1,030	3,935	1,600	2,340
Lao	710	365	340	2,275	1,095	1,180
Thai	1,005	320	685	1,640	495	1,145
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	25	10	15
Turkic languages	10,680	5,610	5,065	16,700	8,685	8,015
Azerbaijani	915	490	420	1,615	865	745
Turkish	8,835	4,670	4,165	13,700	7,145	6,550
Uyghur	240	120	125	385	195	195
Uzbek	440	225	210	595	300	295
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	250	110	140	405	180	225
Uralic languages	15,145	6,655	8,485	24,330	10,880	13,455
Estonian	1,940	770	1,170	2,685	1,100	1,585
Finnish	1,315	500	825	2,515	1,010	1,505
Hungarian	11,885	5,385	6,500	19,130	8,765	10,360
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	585	310	280	960	495	465
Multiple responses	106,190	50,685	55,500	237,755	114,960	122,795
English and French	7,550	3,520	4,030	14,945	6,895	8,050
English and non-official language	92,620	44,395	48,230	210,320	102,445	107,880
French and non-official language	3,300	1,515	1,785	6,050	2,715	3,330
English, French and non-official language	2,715	1,255	1,460	6,440	2,910	3,535
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	2,704,415	1,301,900	1,402,510	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880
Single responses	2,458,470	1,185,800	1,272,670	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730
Official languages	1,756,685	858,655	898,030	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995
English	1,739,625	850,750	888,875	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970
French	17,065	7,910	9,155	29,795	13,770	16,030
Non-official languages	701,785	327,145	374,640	1,455,335	688,605	766,730
Aboriginal languages	110	55	55	160	85	80
Algonquian languages	55	30	25	80	40	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	20	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	10	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	20	15	45	20	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	10	35	20	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	15	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	5	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	5	0	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	40	20	20	50	25	30
Non-Aboriginal languages	701,675	327,090	374,590	1,455,175	688,520	766,655
Afro-Asiatic languages	36,560	17,185	19,375	74,095	35,480	38,615
Berber languages	40	20	20	65	30	30
Kabyle	20	10	10	35	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	35	15	15
Cushitic languages	7,495	3,140	4,350	8,380	3,530	4,850
Bilen	40	20	25	40	15	20
Oromo	495	230	265	545	250	290
Somali	6,930	2,880	4,050	7,765	3,250	4,520
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	30	15	20
Semitic languages	28,920	13,970	14,955	65,465	31,830	33,635
Amharic	3,425	1,500	1,925	3,815	1,680	2,135
Arabic	16,485	8,210	8,280	45,020	22,145	22,875
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	3,620	1,755	1,860	6,790	3,255	3,535
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	480	240	240	1,095	535	560
Harari	450	200	250	520	235	285
Hebrew	1,610	805	810	4,395	2,265	2,135
Maltese	430	200	230	875	395	475
Tigrigna	2,250	985	1,270	2,480	1,085	1,395
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	170	85	90	480	225	250
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	110	55	50	185	90	95
Austro-Asiatic languages	17,760	8,020	9,740	33,450	15,260	18,190
Khmer (Cambodian)	725	305	425	1,655	725	935
Vietnamese	17,020	7,710	9,305	31,760	14,525	17,235
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	30	15	20
Austronesian languages	48,375	20,215	28,165	72,495	30,930	41,570
Bikol	75	30	40	85	35	45
Cebuano	1,320	560	760	1,875	810	1,065
Fijian	5	5	0	10	10	5
Hiligaynon	615	265	355	780	335	445
Ilocano	2,695	1,150	1,545	3,455	1,480	1,970
Malagasy	5	0	0	10	5	5
Malay	575	270	300	1,455	705	750
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	215	90	120	405	180	225
Pangasinan	60	30	30	80	35	40
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	42,520	17,680	24,835	63,985	27,170	36,815
Waray-Waray	60	20	40	75	30	45
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	230	105	130	285	135	150
Creole languages	1,530	665	865	2,845	1,315	1,535
Haitian Creole	110	50	60	120	55	60
Creole, n.o.s.	1,015	430	580	1,950	900	1,050
Creole languages, n.i.e.	405	175	225	780	355	425
Dravidian languages	47,065	22,840	24,225	88,295	42,605	45,695
Kannada	290	155	135	830	415	410
Malayalam	2,460	1,315	1,140	6,400	3,260	3,140
Tamil	42,015	20,085	21,930	76,095	36,265	39,830
Telugu	2,270	1,270	1,000	4,870	2,615	2,255
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	95	40	50
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	317,075	150,570	166,505	723,495	347,435	376,055
Albanian	4,110	2,070	2,045	6,385	3,195	3,190
Armenian	5,170	2,430	2,740	7,475	3,530	3,940
Balto-Slavic languages	61,615	28,155	33,460	135,230	63,280	71,950
Baltic languages	1,080	430	655	1,640	680	960
Latvian	465	180	285	600	245	355
Lithuanian	615	250	370	1,045	440	605
Slavic languages	60,530	27,725	32,805	133,590	62,600	70,995
Belarusan	70	35	40	125	60	65
Bosnian	500	240	260	1,330	645	690
Bulgarian	2,450	1,185	1,260	3,860	1,875	1,980
Croatian	2,040	945	1,095	5,940	2,845	3,095
Czech	850	410	440	1,415	685	730
Macedonian	2,730	1,285	1,440	4,970	2,355	2,615
Polish	10,610	4,730	5,875	33,325	15,550	17,775
Russian	23,075	10,420	12,655	53,675	24,950	28,720
Serbian	8,020	3,865	4,155	12,200	5,910	6,290
Serbo-Croatian	585	280	305	935	435	500
Slovak	1,615	795	820	2,290	1,115	1,175
Slovene (Slovenian)	490	200	295	890	385	500
Ukrainian	7,425	3,300	4,125	12,515	5,720	6,790
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	70	25	40	135	55	80
Celtic languages	40	25	15	65	35	30
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	0	25	15	10
Welsh	10	5	0	20	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	25	10	10
Germanic languages	2,895	1,325	1,575	5,315	2,430	2,885
Afrikaans	90	45	45	265	125	145
Danish	80	35	45	135	65	75
Dutch	285	140	150	655	300	350
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	1,955	875	1,080	3,590	1,625	1,965
Icelandic	15	5	10	20	5	15
Norwegian	35	15	15	45	15	20
Swedish	130	50	75	220	100	120
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	25	15	10
Yiddish	290	145	145	350	175	175
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	5	0
Greek	13,000	6,065	6,935	16,940	7,905	9,035
Indo-Iranian languages	122,130	60,785	61,340	367,340	181,800	185,540
Indo-Aryan languages	84,470	42,405	42,060	292,940	145,580	147,360
Bengali	18,935	9,390	9,545	24,615	12,140	12,470
Gujarati	16,525	8,290	8,235	38,265	18,750	19,515
Hindi	7,850	4,060	3,785	23,995	11,925	12,065
Kashmiri	10	5	5	50	25	25
Konkani	160	80	80	440	215	230
Marathi	775	405	370	2,000	1,030	970
Nepali	1,705	870	830	3,085	1,560	1,525
Oriya (Odia)	140	70	75	270	135	140
Punjabi (Panjabi)	12,075	6,210	5,870	116,045	58,355	57,690
Sindhi	1,130	495	635	2,485	1,140	1,350
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,545	765	785	3,580	1,750	1,825
Urdu	23,625	11,775	11,850	78,105	38,560	39,550
Iranian languages	37,275	18,170	19,105	73,635	35,825	37,805
Kurdish	905	490	415	1,470	795	675
Pashto	2,995	1,525	1,465	4,850	2,430	2,415
Persian (Farsi)	33,375	16,150	17,225	67,315	32,600	34,715
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	385	210	175	770	395	375
Italic (Romance) languages	108,115	49,715	58,400	184,745	85,260	99,480
Catalan	65	30	35	80	40	45
Italian	27,130	11,365	15,770	51,815	22,250	29,560
Portuguese	33,425	16,090	17,340	50,210	24,070	26,135
Romanian	5,910	2,705	3,210	12,200	5,660	6,540
Spanish	41,530	19,510	22,025	70,370	33,205	37,165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	65	30	35
Japanese	3,295	1,380	1,915	4,550	1,950	2,600
Kartvelian languages	635	345	295	745	405	335
Georgian	635	345	295	745	405	335
Korean	23,625	10,830	12,795	38,435	17,960	20,475
Mongolic languages	175	85	90	200	100	95
Mongolian	175	85	90	200	100	95
Niger-Congo languages	5,675	2,540	3,135	8,925	3,985	4,945
Akan (Twi)	2,320	1,000	1,325	4,040	1,745	2,300
Bamanankan	15	10	10	15	10	10
Edo	220	85	125	295	115	175
Ewe	40	10	30	95	40	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	60	25	35	75	35	40
Ga	80	30	50	150	65	85
Ganda	110	50	65	155	70	85
Igbo	250	130	120	410	205	205
Lingala	75	30	45	95	40	55
Rundi (Kirundi)	110	55	55	125	60	65
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	85	35	45	115	50	65
Shona	125	55	70	235	115	125
Swahili	995	440	555	1,225	540	690
Wolof	60	35	25	80	45	35
Yoruba	560	295	265	1,080	520	560
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	570	250	315	735	330	405
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	35	25	90	45	45
Dinka	10	10	5	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	75	40	40
Sign languages	885	520	365	1,910	1,085	825
American Sign Language	315	170	140	720	375	345
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	570	345	220	1,190	710	480
Sino-Tibetan languages	185,430	85,370	100,055	385,150	180,140	205,005
Chinese languages	181,255	83,310	97,945	380,550	177,880	202,675
Cantonese	83,405	37,430	45,980	182,755	84,030	98,725
Hakka	1,250	550	695	2,725	1,240	1,490
Mandarin	87,760	41,290	46,470	179,665	85,535	94,135
Min Dong	155	70	85	240	105	135
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	2,805	1,285	1,515	5,065	2,315	2,745
Wu (Shanghainese)	1,470	680	795	3,130	1,465	1,665
Chinese, n.o.s.	4,350	1,975	2,375	6,890	3,155	3,735
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	85	35	50
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,175	2,060	2,110	4,595	2,265	2,330
Burmese	365	160	205	575	260	310
Karenic languages	205	105	105	215	105	110
Tibetan	3,525	1,750	1,775	3,705	1,845	1,860
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	100	55	50
Tai-Kadai languages	710	330	385	1,635	765	865
Lao	315	155	160	1,050	505	540
Thai	390	175	220	575	255	320
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	10	5	5
Turkic languages	6,340	3,205	3,135	9,495	4,755	4,740
Azerbaijani	365	185	180	645	325	320
Turkish	5,495	2,770	2,725	8,155	4,070	4,090
Uyghur	130	70	65	225	120	105
Uzbek	260	135	125	315	165	145
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	95	45	45	150	70	80
Uralic languages	6,255	2,835	3,420	9,040	4,135	4,900
Estonian	530	185	345	650	240	410
Finnish	260	105	155	510	220	290
Hungarian	5,460	2,540	2,920	7,875	3,680	4,200
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	215	115	100	320	165	155
Multiple responses	245,950	116,105	129,845	561,765	270,615	291,155
English and French	6,510	3,010	3,495	13,015	5,965	7,055
English and non-official language	233,300	110,350	122,950	535,630	258,900	276,730
French and non-official language	1,355	595	755	2,390	1,055	1,340
English, French and non-official language	4,780	2,145	2,640	10,730	4,700	6,035
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885
None	2,057,585	995,080	1,062,505	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850
English	271,530	130,775	140,750	594,565	291,580	302,985
French	27,445	12,360	15,080	52,850	22,910	29,940
Non-official language	335,090	157,715	177,375	720,320	342,165	378,160
Aboriginal	385	165	220	480	205	275
Non-Aboriginal	334,705	157,550	177,155	719,840	341,955	377,885
English and French	1,835	875	965	4,015	1,855	2,165
English and non-official language	6,420	3,075	3,340	13,540	6,615	6,925
French and non-official language	4,365	1,950	2,425	8,355	3,630	4,730
English, French and non-official language	140	65	80	255	120	135
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,089	33,456	27,576	31,705	36,559	28,070
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,187,340	1,042,005	1,145,335	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,958	30,661	25,918	29,242	33,167	26,233
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,888,445	918,925	969,520	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,733	36,010	28,105	32,705	38,299	28,006
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,598,435	709,590	888,850	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,249	1,115	3,956	2,205	1,016	3,814
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,578,750	791,520	787,230	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,602	37,149	30,393	34,838	39,549	30,701
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,187,225	1,041,920	1,145,300	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,268	62,667	42,807	50,479	60,343	41,343
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,187,505	1,042,020	1,145,485	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,462	48,059	35,461	40,565	47,026	34,582
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,889,205	918,700	970,505	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,901	66,647	43,781	52,042	62,785	41,617
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,598,725	710,015	888,710	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,631	5,725	7,355	6,392	5,530	7,071
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,578,755	791,435	787,310	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,032	64,206	43,805	51,801	61,164	42,171
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	726,575	392,990	333,590	1,645,880	909,065	736,815
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	55,246	58,626	52,090	56,454	60,974	51,880
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	78,643	89,498	65,856	74,722	84,091	63,161
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.6	93.6	86.7	90.9	93.9	86.8
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	74.4	77.7	70.1	76.5	79.7	72.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.4	6.4	13.3	9.1	6.1	13.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895
Without total income	107,760	50,750	57,005	247,145	117,900	129,245
With total income	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655
Percentage with total income	95.3	95.4	95.3	94.9	95.0	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	389,430	182,885	206,545	816,625	368,835	447,795
$10,000 to $19,999	410,355	175,800	234,555	824,160	348,745	475,420
$20,000 to $29,999	291,150	125,720	165,430	589,070	254,985	334,085
$30,000 to $39,999	221,475	100,395	121,085	463,975	209,685	254,290
$40,000 to $49,999	187,235	87,700	99,535	407,495	189,100	218,390
$50,000 to $59,999	145,500	70,185	75,315	325,105	158,480	166,620
$60,000 to $69,999	114,465	57,710	56,750	258,085	134,225	123,855
$70,000 to $79,999	89,650	46,940	42,705	203,100	111,065	92,035
$80,000 to $89,999	69,990	37,355	32,630	161,920	90,560	71,355
$90,000 to $99,999	58,210	30,005	28,210	137,570	73,985	63,585
$100,000 and over	209,575	127,215	82,360	444,845	287,620	157,225
$100,000 to $149,999	119,810	68,240	51,570	272,905	168,210	104,700
$150,000 and over	89,770	58,975	30,795	171,935	119,415	52,525
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895
Without after-tax income	107,450	50,660	56,795	246,350	117,700	128,650
With after-tax income	2,187,335	1,042,005	1,145,330	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.4	95.3	95.0	95.0	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	395,780	185,315	210,465	830,700	373,605	457,095
$10,000 to $19,999	425,580	183,045	242,535	856,665	364,095	492,575
$20,000 to $29,999	330,405	144,300	186,110	673,015	294,190	378,830
$30,000 to $39,999	261,430	120,825	140,610	552,905	254,030	298,870
$40,000 to $49,999	213,815	101,645	112,175	472,370	226,445	245,925
$50,000 to $59,999	154,925	77,550	77,375	348,665	180,280	168,385
$60,000 to $69,999	112,490	59,255	53,235	256,270	141,835	114,435
$70,000 to $79,999	84,300	44,490	39,810	198,170	109,175	88,995
$80,000 and over	208,615	125,585	83,025	443,970	283,840	160,130
$80,000 to $89,999	57,270	30,705	26,570	132,515	76,100	56,410
$90,000 to $99,999	34,660	20,035	14,630	79,285	49,680	29,605
$100,000 and over	116,680	74,845	41,830	232,170	158,060	74,115
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,120	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895
Without employment income	716,035	301,145	414,895	1,424,510	593,940	830,565
With employment income	1,578,750	791,520	787,235	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330
Percentage with employment income	68.8	72.4	65.5	70.8	74.7	67.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	201,230	94,895	106,335	432,990	203,395	229,595
$5,000 to $9,999	132,320	61,255	71,065	286,225	129,320	156,910
$10,000 to $19,999	219,860	103,510	116,355	470,970	221,325	249,645
$20,000 to $29,999	176,835	81,220	95,615	371,235	170,795	200,440
$30,000 to $39,999	157,110	75,225	81,890	336,685	157,540	179,150
$40,000 to $49,999	141,850	68,405	73,445	310,550	147,370	163,180
$50,000 to $59,999	113,285	57,240	56,045	255,620	129,510	126,105
$60,000 to $69,999	90,310	47,130	43,180	206,215	110,510	95,705
$70,000 to $79,999	72,185	39,215	32,975	166,035	93,745	72,290
$80,000 and over	273,755	163,430	110,330	618,065	387,750	230,315
$80,000 to $89,999	57,580	31,675	25,910	136,480	78,255	58,230
$90,000 to $99,999	50,845	26,260	24,580	121,935	65,620	56,320
$100,000 and over	165,330	105,490	59,840	359,645	243,875	115,775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,829	...	...	78,373	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,264	...	...	68,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	359,960	...	...	519,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,018	...	...	39,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,172	...	...	35,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	752,970	...	...	1,616,120	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,908	...	...	94,463	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,695	...	...	82,594	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	102,721	...	...	109,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,495	...	...	87,993	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	359,985	...	...	519,930	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,409	...	...	55,833	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,276	...	...	44,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	752,940	...	...	1,615,980	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,340	...	...	126,740	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,289	...	...	101,904	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Under $5,000	33,190	...	...	47,170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	23,455	...	...	32,275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	36,550	...	...	50,900	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	54,025	...	...	75,725	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	47,315	...	...	73,110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	47,500	...	...	74,910	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	46,945	...	...	76,830	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	47,115	...	...	78,800	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	46,290	...	...	78,620	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	44,650	...	...	77,375	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	84,180	...	...	150,140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	76,120	...	...	141,320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	68,190	...	...	131,390	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60,400	...	...	122,205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	53,485	...	...	113,055	...	...
$100,000 and over	343,520	...	...	812,085	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	100,810	...	...	229,055	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	68,300	...	...	167,755	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	77,810	...	...	200,605	...	...
$200,000 and over	96,600	...	...	214,660	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,905	...	...
Under $5,000	34,790	...	...	49,905	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	23,615	...	...	32,655	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	37,085	...	...	51,760	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55,930	...	...	78,605	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	51,915	...	...	80,190	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	52,205	...	...	82,520	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	53,515	...	...	87,360	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55,545	...	...	92,550	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55,765	...	...	95,185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	53,385	...	...	93,510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	98,910	...	...	179,885	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	86,755	...	...	165,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	75,120	...	...	153,020	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	63,360	...	...	136,810	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	51,570	...	...	118,465	...	...
$100,000 and over	263,465	...	...	638,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	94,025	...	...	229,315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	58,255	...	...	149,930	...	...
$150,000 and over	111,180	...	...	258,915	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	705,600	...	...	1,557,640	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,859	...	...	94,132	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,530	...	...	82,232	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	221,155	...	...	423,565	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,232	...	...	85,201	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,412	...	...	73,904	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	316,455	...	...	822,810	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,273	...	...	114,050	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,920	...	...	98,699	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	138,800	...	...	257,415	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,040	...	...	57,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,839	...	...	52,715	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	705,445	...	...	1,556,795	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,312	...	...	127,226	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,343	...	...	102,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	221,085	...	...	423,700	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	127,461	...	...	120,527	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,833	...	...	94,618	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	317,230	...	...	823,190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	155,188	...	...	148,914	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,979	...	...	118,944	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	137,685	...	...	255,745	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,494	...	...	73,609	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,981	...	...	62,869	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	518,290	246,070	272,215	747,115	353,075	394,040
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,059	31,130	31,006	32,613	33,636	31,818
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,647	28,567	28,713	29,868	30,519	29,362
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	517,005	245,110	271,895	745,705	351,920	393,790
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,407	49,458	45,557	47,973	50,595	45,630
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	38,513	39,445	37,673	39,048	40,380	37,857
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,455,315	686,810	768,500	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885
In the bottom decile	404,560	195,060	209,500	652,620	315,260	337,360
In the second decile	320,165	146,180	173,980	583,750	269,305	314,445
In the third decile	268,495	125,455	143,040	539,335	254,260	285,075
In the fourth decile	238,680	113,000	125,680	518,440	248,375	270,065
In the fifth decile	223,415	107,115	116,300	519,140	251,205	267,935
In the top half of the distribution	1,236,350	609,425	626,925	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015
In the sixth decile	216,450	103,995	112,460	528,520	256,980	271,540
In the seventh decile	213,325	103,540	109,790	546,775	267,890	278,885
In the eighth decile	219,865	107,815	112,050	580,185	286,725	293,460
In the ninth decile	241,850	119,420	122,425	639,880	318,340	321,540
In the top decile	344,855	174,650	170,200	754,210	381,625	372,590
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760
0 to 17 years	478,360	245,340	233,020	1,195,910	614,060	581,850
0 to 5 years	162,510	83,480	79,030	374,440	191,880	182,555
18 to 64 years	1,811,265	874,400	936,860	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495
65 years and over	402,045	176,495	225,550	815,415	369,005	446,405
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	543,385	254,890	288,495	912,405	430,210	482,200
0 to 17 years	125,675	64,485	61,195	235,120	121,220	113,905
0 to 5 years	42,685	21,880	20,805	75,855	39,055	36,795
18 to 64 years	347,775	163,045	184,730	565,145	264,585	300,560
65 years and over	69,935	27,360	42,575	112,140	44,405	67,735
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.2	19.7	20.7	15.6	15.1	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	26.3	26.3	26.3	19.7	19.7	19.6
0 to 5 years (%)	26.3	26.2	26.3	20.3	20.4	20.2
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	18.6	19.7	14.7	14.2	15.1
65 years and over (%)	17.4	15.5	18.9	13.8	12.0	15.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	469,325	224,145	245,180	749,935	359,355	390,585
0 to 17 years	98,910	50,725	48,185	178,525	91,985	86,540
0 to 5 years	33,950	17,345	16,605	58,105	29,855	28,245
18 to 64 years	322,620	155,490	167,130	499,350	239,960	259,390
65 years and over	47,800	17,935	29,865	72,065	27,410	44,660
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	17.4	17.3	17.6	12.8	12.6	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	20.7	20.7	20.7	14.9	15.0	14.9
0 to 5 years (%)	20.9	20.8	21.0	15.5	15.6	15.5
18 to 64 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	13.0	12.9	13.1
65 years and over (%)	11.9	10.2	13.2	8.8	7.4	10.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865
Official languages	2,559,780	1,243,220	1,316,560	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380
English	2,557,220	1,242,190	1,315,035	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665
French	246,610	107,660	138,950	466,820	200,835	265,990
Non-official languages	1,464,760	689,505	775,255	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340
Aboriginal languages	795	325	470	1,105	450	655
Algonquian languages	660	285	375	940	395	545
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	135	65	70	190	90	95
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	30	20	10	50	30	20
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	25	10	15	30	10	15
Woods Cree	10	10	10	15	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	70	30	35	100	45	55
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	10	45	20	25
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	0	10	45	25	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	510	215	295	705	280	425
Algonquin	15	10	10	15	10	10
Ojibway	480	205	275	675	270	405
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	10	0	20	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	15	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	10	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	10	0	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	10	10	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	15	20	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	10	10	15	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	10
Iroquoian languages	50	10	40	60	20	40
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	40	10	35	45	15	35
Oneida	10	0	10	10	10	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	15	10	0
Salish languages	0	10	10	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	10	0	10	0	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	10	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	10	10	30	20	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,464,025	689,205	774,820	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720
Afro-Asiatic languages	100,730	49,935	50,795	211,335	106,115	105,215
Berber languages	135	75	55	245	135	110
Kabyle	35	15	25	80	40	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	110	65	45	170	95	75
Cushitic languages	17,250	7,505	9,750	20,445	8,910	11,530
Bilen	65	45	25	85	50	35
Oromo	1,175	495	685	1,390	590	800
Somali	16,020	6,955	9,065	18,965	8,250	10,715
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	85	30	50
Semitic languages	84,510	42,935	41,580	191,925	97,710	94,215
Amharic	9,560	4,445	5,120	11,440	5,325	6,115
Arabic	47,885	25,005	22,890	125,970	65,090	60,880
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5,930	2,865	3,065	12,500	6,090	6,410
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	680	335	350	2,220	1,110	1,105
Harari	945	480	465	1,250	635	620
Hebrew	18,860	9,555	9,315	38,385	19,590	18,795
Maltese	1,860	910	950	4,675	2,295	2,380
Tigrigna	5,150	2,425	2,725	5,960	2,790	3,180
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	465	255	205	1,135	555	580
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	370	180	185	720	335	390
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,965	15,600	18,360	67,000	30,750	36,245
Khmer (Cambodian)	2,020	850	1,170	4,340	1,900	2,445
Vietnamese	32,165	14,870	17,295	62,935	29,000	33,935
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	40	0	35
Austronesian languages	128,075	50,505	77,570	205,810	81,995	123,815
Bikol	385	175	210	580	260	325
Cebuano	4,685	1,865	2,830	7,350	2,960	4,395
Fijian	10	0	10	50	20	30
Hiligaynon	1,810	730	1,070	2,545	1,015	1,530
Ilocano	9,550	3,780	5,770	12,740	5,000	7,740
Malagasy	55	20	35	90	45	45
Malay	3,435	1,585	1,850	7,305	3,360	3,945
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	920	420	505	1,600	735	875
Pangasinan	325	130	190	450	200	255
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	121,155	47,540	73,620	193,480	76,640	116,840
Waray-Waray	220	60	160	320	100	220
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	895	360	535	1,275	525	750
Creole languages	8,845	3,795	5,050	16,750	7,530	9,220
Haitian Creole	455	195	265	645	290	355
Creole, n.o.s.	4,830	2,015	2,825	9,125	4,110	5,015
Creole languages, n.i.e.	3,675	1,625	2,050	7,130	3,185	3,945
Dravidian languages	87,340	43,525	43,815	176,480	87,740	88,740
Kannada	1,610	835	775	4,470	2,245	2,215
Malayalam	6,705	3,550	3,155	17,255	8,785	8,475
Tamil	74,750	36,615	38,135	146,145	71,915	74,225
Telugu	6,130	3,560	2,575	13,615	7,460	6,150
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	160	75	80	440	225	210
Hmong-Mien languages	15	0	10	25	10	15
Indo-European languages	764,770	369,530	395,235	1,768,825	861,040	907,780
Albanian	9,905	4,880	5,025	15,375	7,695	7,680
Armenian	9,630	4,560	5,070	15,225	7,275	7,950
Balto-Slavic languages	138,380	62,970	75,405	300,880	140,300	160,580
Baltic languages	3,910	1,540	2,370	6,340	2,595	3,745
Latvian	1,765	740	1,025	2,630	1,115	1,520
Lithuanian	2,145	800	1,345	3,710	1,480	2,230
Slavic languages	135,365	61,790	73,575	296,240	138,420	157,820
Belarusan	470	240	225	945	495	450
Bosnian	1,960	930	1,035	4,355	2,110	2,250
Bulgarian	4,860	2,340	2,525	8,055	3,940	4,120
Croatian	8,555	4,140	4,415	23,785	11,605	12,180
Czech	3,745	1,795	1,950	6,300	2,975	3,325
Macedonian	8,245	3,855	4,390	16,730	8,025	8,700
Polish	30,970	13,515	17,450	83,545	38,245	45,300
Russian	51,045	23,150	27,890	111,165	51,675	59,485
Serbian	17,025	8,365	8,660	27,390	13,560	13,830
Serbo-Croatian	1,800	850	950	2,865	1,390	1,475
Slovak	3,460	1,605	1,855	6,085	2,790	3,295
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,010	890	1,120	4,450	2,010	2,440
Ukrainian	21,020	9,145	11,870	38,030	17,050	20,980
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	335	205	130	630	360	265
Celtic languages	1,355	715	640	1,910	985	920
Scottish Gaelic	395	220	180	650	325	320
Welsh	140	65	80	235	115	125
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	820	440	380	1,025	550	475
Germanic languages	43,080	20,695	22,385	80,940	38,460	42,480
Afrikaans	1,670	850	820	4,255	2,095	2,160
Danish	1,090	485	605	2,125	965	1,165
Dutch	4,755	2,330	2,420	11,655	5,440	6,215
Frisian	75	35	40	195	75	115
German	29,980	14,340	15,640	55,040	26,285	28,755
Icelandic	100	45	55	130	55	75
Norwegian	480	240	240	960	460	500
Swedish	1,630	765	865	2,570	1,165	1,410
Vlaams (Flemish)	160	65	90	265	110	150
Yiddish	4,685	2,305	2,380	6,510	3,200	3,305
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	105	50	55
Greek	40,170	19,690	20,480	60,400	29,665	30,735
Indo-Iranian languages	254,825	130,405	124,415	765,115	386,165	378,955
Indo-Aryan languages	193,285	99,090	94,190	639,795	323,555	316,245
Bengali	35,635	18,260	17,375	48,410	24,580	23,830
Gujarati	36,180	18,650	17,530	87,570	43,795	43,770
Hindi	65,360	34,355	31,005	207,780	105,570	102,210
Kashmiri	85	40	40	475	240	235
Konkani	1,500	695	810	4,995	2,265	2,730
Marathi	3,230	1,630	1,600	8,630	4,460	4,170
Nepali	3,925	1,945	1,975	6,385	3,155	3,235
Oriya (Odia)	450	220	230	930	445	480
Punjabi (Panjabi)	33,785	17,720	16,060	243,875	125,225	118,655
Sindhi	4,185	1,950	2,235	9,685	4,545	5,135
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	6,860	3,390	3,470	15,135	7,605	7,525
Urdu	57,675	29,285	28,390	194,390	98,385	96,005
Iranian languages	63,765	32,345	31,420	130,695	65,170	65,520
Kurdish	2,080	1,210	870	3,845	2,175	1,670
Pashto	6,570	3,595	2,975	11,400	6,040	5,365
Persian (Farsi)	57,760	29,105	28,650	119,790	59,470	60,320
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,515	850	665	3,515	1,895	1,620
Italic (Romance) languages	290,570	136,505	154,065	567,300	268,895	298,410
Catalan	240	125	115	315	165	150
Italian	91,590	42,755	48,835	220,425	105,435	114,985
Portuguese	75,785	36,510	39,270	134,220	64,585	69,640
Romanian	14,620	6,580	8,045	29,765	13,805	15,965
Spanish	122,195	57,080	65,115	206,090	95,990	110,100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	440	225	220	655	320	340
Japanese	12,070	5,105	6,960	17,460	7,535	9,920
Kartvelian languages	1,125	575	550	1,465	740	725
Georgian	1,130	570	550	1,465	740	725
Korean	37,610	17,455	20,155	62,350	29,150	33,205
Mongolic languages	345	150	195	445	190	255
Mongolian	350	155	195	445	190	255
Niger-Congo languages	26,430	12,495	13,935	47,720	22,705	25,015
Akan (Twi)	7,000	3,215	3,785	13,715	6,345	7,365
Bamanankan	110	75	35	200	110	90
Edo	1,210	500	705	1,890	825	1,070
Ewe	265	155	110	520	270	250
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	295	150	145	485	245	240
Ga	475	195	280	1,005	490	515
Ganda	585	280	305	865	410	455
Igbo	1,480	765	710	2,925	1,445	1,475
Lingala	1,265	540	725	2,080	895	1,185
Rundi (Kirundi)	400	210	185	535	255	285
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	460	215	250	695	295	400
Shona	760	350	410	1,175	515	655
Swahili	6,210	3,000	3,210	10,350	5,110	5,240
Wolof	285	135	150	415	185	230
Yoruba	3,600	1,870	1,730	7,935	3,980	3,960
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,975	1,745	2,230	6,340	2,935	3,405
Nilo-Saharan languages	310	170	140	500	285	215
Dinka	60	35	20	85	65	25
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	250	130	120	415	220	195
Sign languages	3,090	1,375	1,715	5,980	2,555	3,425
American Sign Language	1,950	765	1,185	3,505	1,325	2,175
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	10	0	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,195	645	545	2,575	1,280	1,295
Sino-Tibetan languages	279,900	129,990	149,910	581,165	272,700	308,470
Chinese languages	273,760	126,965	146,795	574,095	269,220	304,875
Cantonese	141,260	64,620	76,645	306,700	142,590	164,115
Hakka	3,035	1,265	1,775	7,185	3,150	4,035
Mandarin	150,735	69,900	80,840	313,605	145,835	167,765
Min Dong	460	205	255	710	285	425
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	7,235	3,195	4,045	13,985	6,265	7,715
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,225	1,490	1,735	6,885	3,200	3,685
Chinese, n.o.s.	7,055	3,155	3,900	11,470	5,200	6,270
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	75	50	30	135	75	60
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,400	3,170	3,230	7,455	3,695	3,770
Burmese	885	400	485	1,325	600	720
Karenic languages	250	110	130	245	115	135
Tibetan	5,045	2,515	2,525	5,465	2,725	2,740
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	295	170	125	500	290	210
Tai-Kadai languages	2,205	875	1,330	5,070	2,155	2,915
Lao	850	380	465	2,895	1,370	1,525
Thai	1,455	540	915	2,450	915	1,535
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	30	10	20
Turkic languages	15,395	8,125	7,275	24,680	12,835	11,845
Azerbaijani	1,465	760	710	2,645	1,345	1,300
Turkish	13,000	6,905	6,090	20,745	10,830	9,915
Uyghur	320	150	170	490	225	265
Uzbek	630	345	285	815	440	375
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	380	160	220	560	270	290
Uralic languages	17,065	7,680	9,385	27,660	12,555	15,095
Estonian	1,985	855	1,130	2,995	1,295	1,705
Finnish	1,430	585	850	2,835	1,215	1,615
Hungarian	13,700	6,260	7,445	21,890	10,070	11,830
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,315	675	635	2,300	1,195	1,105
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	2,296,370	1,108,000	1,188,365	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575
Canadian citizens aged under 18	431,655	221,480	210,180	1,102,940	565,995	536,940
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,864,710	886,525	978,190	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	395,295	188,270	207,025	728,410	346,120	382,285
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,332,090	665,435	666,655	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	1,266,005	583,975	682,030	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560
Before 1981	294,065	133,310	160,755	611,635	284,800	326,830
1981 to 1990	171,565	81,205	90,365	370,195	177,010	193,190
1991 to 2000	281,870	127,730	154,145	638,770	298,245	340,520
2001 to 2010	330,550	152,950	177,600	728,025	341,100	386,925
2001 to 2005	162,770	75,700	87,070	379,400	178,780	200,620
2006 to 2010	167,780	77,250	90,530	348,620	162,320	186,305
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	187,950	88,780	99,170	356,930	168,835	188,095
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	93,575	46,865	46,715	136,895	68,065	68,830
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	1,266,000	583,975	682,030	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560
Under 5 years	96,800	47,595	49,205	225,470	112,150	113,325
5 to 14 years	205,920	102,700	103,215	449,875	226,440	223,440
15 to 24 years	270,470	120,040	150,425	588,860	261,700	327,155
25 to 44 years	558,625	254,865	303,760	1,154,390	541,415	612,980
45 years and over	134,190	58,775	75,420	286,960	128,295	158,665
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,266,000	583,975	682,030	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560
Americas	212,010	92,485	119,525	409,865	181,700	228,165
Brazil	7,025	3,360	3,660	10,625	4,950	5,675
Colombia	8,710	3,995	4,720	17,150	7,850	9,295
El Salvador	6,960	3,500	3,460	11,110	5,535	5,580
Guyana	34,490	14,700	19,790	69,025	30,505	38,515
Haiti	1,855	835	1,020	2,590	1,225	1,370
Jamaica	45,075	18,280	26,795	99,660	41,700	57,960
Mexico	7,225	3,340	3,890	11,395	5,070	6,320
Peru	3,865	1,725	2,145	8,095	3,600	4,500
Trinidad and Tobago	19,640	8,305	11,330	43,135	19,035	24,095
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	24,530	11,480	13,050	46,695	21,755	24,940
Other places of birth in Americas	52,630	22,965	29,665	90,390	40,480	49,915
Europe	298,270	139,045	159,220	617,555	291,735	325,815
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5,125	2,445	2,685	9,630	4,760	4,875
Croatia	4,680	2,195	2,475	12,010	5,760	6,250
France	4,585	2,175	2,410	6,890	3,220	3,670
Germany	11,090	5,220	5,870	22,970	10,725	12,240
Greece	19,235	9,185	10,050	27,885	13,595	14,290
Hungary	7,860	3,580	4,280	11,925	5,380	6,540
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	4,625	2,400	2,225	8,115	3,955	4,160
Italy	45,515	21,350	24,165	103,620	50,525	53,090
Netherlands	2,690	1,355	1,335	7,620	3,700	3,915
Poland	21,360	9,265	12,100	57,450	25,810	31,640
Portugal	38,575	18,485	20,090	71,045	34,235	36,810
Romania	12,875	5,690	7,185	25,515	11,630	13,890
Russian Federation	16,225	6,755	9,470	34,385	14,875	19,510
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	8,525	4,095	4,430	13,080	6,355	6,725
Ukraine	15,775	7,075	8,705	32,110	14,690	17,420
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	40,295	19,425	20,870	99,165	47,375	51,790
Other places of birth in Europe	39,225	18,350	20,880	74,130	35,130	38,995
Africa	77,445	36,520	40,925	152,755	73,585	79,165
Algeria	770	435	335	1,240	650	595
Egypt	6,620	3,490	3,130	24,820	12,865	11,950
Ethiopia	9,080	4,095	4,985	10,865	4,965	5,900
Kenya	4,880	2,195	2,685	11,305	5,165	6,140
Morocco	1,850	885	965	3,480	1,700	1,780
Nigeria	7,605	3,780	3,830	16,400	8,135	8,260
Somalia	9,025	3,605	5,410	10,850	4,350	6,500
South Africa, Republic of	5,560	2,710	2,845	13,040	6,345	6,690
Other places of birth in Africa	32,055	15,320	16,740	60,760	29,410	31,355
Asia	674,495	314,010	360,485	1,518,125	719,445	798,680
Afghanistan	12,740	6,455	6,285	25,420	12,730	12,690
Bangladesh	25,100	12,730	12,365	32,385	16,330	16,055
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	131,475	59,275	72,205	266,840	121,555	145,290
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	38,820	17,855	20,965	100,060	46,985	53,080
India	79,225	40,115	39,110	307,275	153,190	154,085
IranCensus data footnote 61	36,445	18,300	18,145	74,530	37,130	37,395
Iraq	11,135	5,490	5,645	29,230	14,640	14,595
Japan	3,985	1,260	2,725	5,880	1,905	3,975
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	26,835	12,330	14,500	45,700	21,285	24,420
Lebanon	6,010	3,350	2,660	13,610	7,315	6,295
Pakistan	34,750	17,535	17,215	119,085	60,120	58,960
Philippines	118,780	47,820	70,955	192,265	78,690	113,570
Sri Lanka	52,900	25,740	27,160	101,550	49,580	51,965
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,575	2,790	2,785	10,830	5,430	5,400
Taiwan	7,695	3,320	4,375	14,980	6,510	8,465
Viet Nam	30,575	13,725	16,850	59,365	26,830	32,540
Other places of birth in Asia	52,450	25,925	26,530	119,120	59,225	59,900
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	3,785	1,910	1,870	7,260	3,525	3,730
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	187,950	88,780	99,170	356,930	168,835	188,095
Americas	23,850	11,210	12,635	40,810	19,490	21,320
Brazil	1,915	930	980	2,595	1,225	1,370
Colombia	1,430	670	760	2,610	1,220	1,385
Cuba	770	345	430	1,200	535	660
Haiti	680	315	360	865	415	450
Jamaica	3,530	1,840	1,685	7,300	3,825	3,475
Mexico	2,065	995	1,070	3,045	1,450	1,590
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	4,015	2,085	1,925	8,075	4,090	3,990
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,055	480	575	1,880	875	1,005
Other places of birth in Americas	8,390	3,540	4,845	13,250	5,845	7,395
Europe	20,260	10,240	10,025	31,805	15,585	16,225
France	1,140	560	585	1,400	675	725
Germany	625	345	285	915	490	420
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,220	780	440	1,490	935	560
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	400	180	220	775	365	415
Romania	860	355	505	1,490	590	900
Russian Federation	2,290	835	1,460	3,935	1,430	2,505
Ukraine	1,930	905	1,025	3,655	1,690	1,960
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	2,120	1,375	740	3,990	2,385	1,605
Other places of birth in Europe	9,680	4,915	4,760	14,150	7,020	7,135
Africa	13,300	6,380	6,920	24,760	12,150	12,615
Algeria	130	50	80	205	95	115
Cameroon	555	240	315	805	355	450
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	325	135	195	565	250	315
Côte d'Ivoire	170	70	95	290	135	150
Egypt	1,350	690	660	5,975	3,105	2,870
Eritrea	970	485	485	1,065	520	540
Ethiopia	1,555	710	845	1,665	755	915
Morocco	210	100	110	365	145	220
Nigeria	2,550	1,235	1,310	4,805	2,340	2,460
Somalia	1,010	480	530	1,155	555	600
South Africa, Republic of	395	230	170	810	440	370
Tunisia	85	55	30	125	90	40
Other places of birth in Africa	3,985	1,900	2,090	6,950	3,375	3,575
Asia	129,695	60,415	69,275	258,265	120,865	137,405
Afghanistan	3,170	1,630	1,535	4,615	2,315	2,300
Bangladesh	5,795	2,870	2,920	6,870	3,400	3,465
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	23,195	10,230	12,965	49,815	22,155	27,660
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	640	275	360	1,815	730	1,085
India	20,095	10,555	9,540	58,820	29,560	29,260
IranCensus data footnote 61	10,930	5,325	5,610	18,635	9,020	9,620
Iraq	3,715	1,795	1,920	8,270	4,125	4,150
Israel	585	295	285	1,665	880	785
Japan	740	195	540	965	265	700
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,925	1,315	1,610	4,885	2,215	2,665
Lebanon	615	350	260	1,440	780	660
Nepal	1,575	825	750	2,430	1,245	1,190
Pakistan	6,725	3,285	3,440	21,750	10,650	11,100
Philippines	31,730	13,360	18,370	43,590	17,995	25,595
Saudi Arabia	865	435	425	2,135	1,085	1,045
Sri Lanka	4,355	1,825	2,530	7,395	3,220	4,175
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,260	1,735	1,525	5,505	2,855	2,650
Taiwan	325	100	220	760	300	460
Turkey	1,675	920	755	2,055	1,145	910
United Arab Emirates	940	480	455	3,375	1,695	1,680
Viet Nam	1,380	500	875	2,690	1,060	1,625
Other places of birth in Asia	4,460	2,085	2,380	8,780	4,155	4,625
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	850	530	320	1,285	755	535
Australia	665	425	240	1,005	615	390
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	185	105	80	285	140	150
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865
First generationCensus data footnote 69	1,377,465	640,055	737,410	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	740,180	371,440	368,740	1,676,530	844,955	831,575
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	574,020	284,775	289,250	1,312,060	650,630	661,430
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	988,325	458,395	529,925	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	475,155	227,400	247,755	1,063,255	525,765	537,490
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	201,860	111,560	90,305	424,005	261,635	162,370
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	273,290	115,835	157,450	639,250	264,130	375,115
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	320,940	131,355	189,590	717,295	293,165	424,130
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	176,120	92,535	83,590	319,285	169,830	149,460
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	16,100	7,110	8,990	29,655	13,530	16,120
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	23,065	10,835	12,235	46,320	21,815	24,505
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	21,925	10,215	11,710	43,735	20,505	23,230
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	14,380	6,695	7,685	27,800	12,935	14,875
Métis	7,270	3,385	3,880	15,240	7,245	7,995
Inuk (Inuit)	275	130	150	690	320	365
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	500	260	235	1,130	530	595
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	645	355	285	1,455	780	670
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,668,600	1,285,440	1,383,165	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	7,965	3,655	4,305	14,865	6,865	8,005
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,683,700	1,292,610	1,391,090	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	4,215	1,900	2,320	7,435	3,410	4,020
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	4,125	1,855	2,270	7,255	3,325	3,930
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	3,330	1,455	1,875	5,765	2,610	3,155
Métis single ancestry	705	370	335	1,375	665	715
Inuit single ancestry	90	35	60	120	55	65
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	90	40	50	175	85	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	65	30	40	125	65	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	20	15	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	31,410	14,655	16,765	66,540	31,435	35,105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	30,560	14,295	16,265	64,835	30,640	34,190
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	23,355	11,000	12,355	49,115	23,300	25,815
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,885	3,145	3,745	14,790	6,905	7,890
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	320	150	165	930	435	490
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	850	355	500	1,710	795	910
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	770	310	460	1,445	655	785
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	35	30	170	80	85
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	90	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	2,656,040	1,279,720	1,376,315	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	1,385,850	656,795	729,060	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	338,965	171,480	167,480	973,225	490,875	482,350
Chinese	299,460	140,725	158,735	631,050	300,215	330,830
Black	239,850	109,870	129,980	442,020	204,665	237,350
Filipino	152,715	64,130	88,585	254,475	108,655	145,825
Latin American	77,160	37,295	39,865	132,945	63,735	69,210
Arab	36,030	18,920	17,105	105,610	54,840	50,770
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	41,645	19,375	22,270	83,535	39,210	44,335
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	60,325	30,515	29,805	123,760	61,875	61,885
Korean	41,640	19,665	21,975	69,670	33,180	36,485
Japanese	13,410	5,505	7,905	20,655	8,970	11,685
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	36,975	16,945	20,035	77,780	36,315	41,465
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	47,675	22,360	25,310	97,190	46,700	50,490
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,305,815	639,475	666,340	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865
North American Aboriginal origins	35,630	16,550	19,080	73,975	34,840	39,130
First Nations (North American Indian)	27,610	12,840	14,770	56,655	26,735	29,915
Inuit	515	245	270	1,360	645	710
Métis	8,460	3,875	4,590	17,860	8,350	9,505
Other North American origins	345,705	170,640	175,065	786,975	390,020	396,955
Acadian	2,315	1,190	1,130	4,215	2,085	2,125
American	27,475	13,455	14,015	49,455	23,985	25,470
Canadian	323,180	159,435	163,740	746,965	370,515	376,445
New Brunswicker	45	30	20	85	55	35
Newfoundlander	1,430	695	730	3,280	1,675	1,605
Nova Scotian	335	150	180	645	295	355
Ontarian	375	230	150	645	370	275
Québécois	880	440	440	1,570	780	785
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	150	75	75	245	130	115
European origins	1,288,855	624,910	663,945	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470
British Isles origins	597,295	292,595	304,700	1,287,260	629,030	658,230
Channel Islander	180	95	80	445	235	210
Cornish	150	75	75	205	105	95
English	331,895	162,525	169,370	732,555	358,040	374,515
Irish	262,965	125,325	137,635	544,380	260,305	284,070
Manx	435	260	175	815	475	345
Scottish	256,255	124,590	131,665	543,760	263,155	280,605
Welsh	28,210	13,425	14,780	56,210	26,940	29,275
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	52,905	25,635	27,270	107,900	51,560	56,340
French origins	122,870	58,265	64,605	248,150	117,595	130,555
Alsatian	260	95	165	355	140	215
Breton	40	35	10	60	35	20
Corsican	35	15	20	60	30	30
French	122,610	58,150	64,460	247,790	117,430	130,360
Western European origins (except French origins)	187,190	90,670	96,520	396,070	192,485	203,585
Austrian	16,145	7,660	8,490	30,375	14,775	15,600
Bavarian	85	35	45	155	65	85
Belgian	4,895	2,220	2,670	9,770	4,540	5,230
Dutch	41,650	19,880	21,765	98,890	47,530	51,360
Flemish	460	220	245	910	430	475
Frisian	230	135	95	400	230	165
German	130,895	63,815	67,080	271,815	132,610	139,205
Luxembourger	130	65	65	305	145	155
Swiss	7,630	3,770	3,860	14,705	7,290	7,415
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	340	145	195	530	260	275
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	36,720	17,695	19,025	69,205	33,340	35,865
Danish	7,575	3,715	3,860	15,455	7,630	7,825
Finnish	8,160	3,795	4,365	16,385	7,650	8,735
Icelandic	2,305	1,115	1,190	3,985	2,005	1,985
Norwegian	9,180	4,565	4,610	16,390	8,040	8,345
Swedish	10,400	4,780	5,620	18,590	8,565	10,020
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,950	895	1,060	3,515	1,665	1,845
Eastern European origins	302,480	141,850	160,630	596,425	284,470	311,955
Bulgarian	6,495	3,090	3,405	11,220	5,545	5,675
Byelorussian	4,080	2,040	2,045	8,240	4,040	4,205
Czech	9,500	4,555	4,950	16,630	8,030	8,600
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	2,315	1,040	1,280	4,755	2,275	2,480
Estonian	4,620	2,165	2,455	7,655	3,580	4,075
Hungarian	33,700	16,350	17,355	59,720	29,025	30,690
Latvian	5,710	2,640	3,070	9,660	4,505	5,155
Lithuanian	11,675	5,400	6,270	19,520	9,380	10,140
Moldovan	1,265	620	650	3,020	1,545	1,475
Polish	114,530	53,655	60,880	237,245	113,300	123,940
Romanian	26,255	12,225	14,025	50,515	24,070	26,445
Russian	74,465	34,135	40,330	139,910	65,150	74,760
Slovak	7,615	3,680	3,940	14,580	7,040	7,540
Ukrainian	72,345	34,015	38,330	144,330	69,230	75,105
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	5,210	2,415	2,795	7,290	3,405	3,885
Southern European origins	441,480	215,805	225,675	988,415	488,295	500,120
Albanian	11,120	5,570	5,555	17,685	8,940	8,745
Bosnian	2,965	1,425	1,540	6,485	3,150	3,335
Catalan	120	80	40	160	105	60
Croatian	13,675	6,690	6,985	37,460	18,715	18,745
Cypriot	1,470	740	725	2,620	1,295	1,325
Greek	57,420	28,600	28,820	99,145	49,730	49,410
Italian	182,495	89,805	92,690	484,365	241,940	242,420
Kosovar	270	145	125	485	255	225
Macedonian	13,320	6,585	6,735	28,315	14,150	14,165
Maltese	6,765	3,365	3,405	19,440	9,580	9,860
Montenegrin	935	405	525	1,465	700	770
Portuguese	100,415	48,725	51,695	210,425	102,945	107,480
Serbian	19,375	9,710	9,670	33,055	16,630	16,425
Sicilian	680	335	345	1,575	790	780
Slovenian	5,475	2,680	2,790	13,135	6,605	6,530
Spanish	56,815	26,600	30,215	106,690	49,790	56,895
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	3,310	1,580	1,730	6,775	3,280	3,495
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	260	115	150	510	210	300
Other European origins	42,130	20,955	21,175	72,270	36,185	36,085
Basque	505	230	275	815	400	415
Jewish	34,270	17,145	17,130	59,195	29,745	29,450
Roma (Gypsy)	900	425	480	1,220	575	645
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	495	260	235	980	525	455
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	6,320	3,075	3,245	10,520	5,160	5,360
Caribbean origins	165,735	73,670	92,060	346,530	157,300	189,230
Antiguan	1,320	535	785	2,430	1,075	1,355
Bahamian	620	330	285	1,255	635	615
Barbadian	9,015	4,035	4,980	18,395	8,370	10,030
Bermudan	650	295	350	1,000	470	540
Carib	995	335	660	1,795	640	1,150
Cuban	5,340	2,445	2,895	9,290	4,200	5,090
Dominican	3,580	1,725	1,850	6,365	3,035	3,335
Grenadian	7,370	3,005	4,365	12,380	5,330	7,050
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	40	10	30
Haitian	3,440	1,585	1,855	5,150	2,425	2,715
Jamaican	90,065	40,370	49,695	200,330	91,035	109,295
Kittitian/Nevisian	905	435	470	1,855	875	985
Martinican	80	30	45	160	50	105
Montserratan	245	100	140	440	210	230
Puerto Rican	450	240	210	750	400	360
St. Lucian	3,525	1,465	2,060	5,405	2,355	3,045
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20,215	9,035	11,180	44,300	20,370	23,925
Vincentian/Grenadinian	6,170	2,530	3,640	10,290	4,345	5,950
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	20,315	8,755	11,560	46,300	20,555	25,740
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	7,875	3,395	4,475	13,305	5,940	7,365
Latin, Central and South American origins	113,815	53,520	60,300	213,985	100,945	113,030
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	4,500	2,035	2,455	7,115	3,305	3,810
Arawak	470	220	250	710	315	395
Argentinian	4,250	2,100	2,155	8,415	4,075	4,335
Belizean	185	70	115	355	170	185
Bolivian	785	375	410	1,325	660	665
Brazilian	8,365	4,165	4,205	13,065	6,295	6,780
Chilean	5,900	2,885	3,010	10,435	5,010	5,425
Colombian	12,235	5,830	6,405	24,875	11,890	12,985
Costa Rican	1,070	580	490	1,770	905	865
Ecuadorian	9,990	4,675	5,315	17,930	8,495	9,440
Guatemalan	3,110	1,470	1,645	5,915	2,850	3,065
Guyanese	26,690	11,845	14,845	57,985	26,585	31,405
Hispanic	2,145	1,065	1,085	3,655	1,780	1,875
Honduran	1,015	455	565	1,750	810	940
Maya	785	390	400	1,135	555	575
Mexican	12,095	5,695	6,400	19,785	9,185	10,600
Nicaraguan	2,325	1,125	1,205	3,655	1,765	1,890
Panamanian	890	365	525	1,805	775	1,030
Paraguayan	165	65	95	305	140	160
Peruvian	4,990	2,340	2,655	10,665	4,935	5,725
Salvadorean	9,570	4,720	4,845	15,130	7,480	7,650
Uruguayan	1,300	665	635	3,450	1,770	1,680
Venezuelan	4,220	1,910	2,305	8,260	3,780	4,480
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	5,075	2,490	2,585	9,255	4,505	4,745
African origins	146,870	70,425	76,445	266,640	130,030	136,610
Central and West African origins	31,135	15,255	15,880	58,830	29,030	29,800
Akan	460	260	200	700	395	305
Angolan	845	375	470	1,030	490	535
Ashanti	560	270	285	1,070	545	525
Beninese	235	120	115	370	190	180
Burkinabe	40	10	35	100	45	55
Cameroonian	1,570	775	800	2,535	1,250	1,285
Chadian	130	65	65	185	95	90
Congolese	2,625	1,215	1,410	3,985	1,895	2,085
Edo	495	255	240	935	490	445
Ewe	75	40	35	160	90	70
Gabonese	35	10	30	45	10	35
Gambian	435	195	240	545	255	295
Ghanaian	9,965	4,640	5,325	20,465	9,735	10,730
Guinean	470	240	235	680	335	340
Ibo	665	375	295	1,495	775	720
Ivorian	385	175	215	615	285	330
Liberian	170	75	100	335	140	200
Malian	175	90	85	260	140	125
Malinké	160	65	95	220	105	120
Nigerian	9,745	4,930	4,815	19,330	9,790	9,545
Peulh	60	40	20	60	40	20
Senegalese	365	195	170	535	280	255
Sierra Leonean	595	305	290	815	400	415
Togolese	210	135	75	315	205	105
Wolof	45	20	25	45	25	25
Yoruba	1,105	645	460	2,925	1,545	1,375
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	1,495	750	750	2,895	1,415	1,480
North African origins	19,510	9,970	9,540	53,740	27,655	26,090
Algerian	890	405	480	1,700	835	870
Berber	455	245	205	680	365	315
Coptic	285	155	130	1,815	935	885
Dinka	10	0	10	35	25	10
Egyptian	10,495	5,310	5,180	36,340	18,715	17,625
Libyan	715	380	330	1,275	685	600
Maure	145	85	60	235	130	105
Moroccan	4,100	2,095	2,005	8,595	4,440	4,160
Sudanese	2,305	1,145	1,165	3,735	1,825	1,915
Tunisian	550	285	265	1,085	580	505
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	470	285	185	840	450	390
Southern and East African origins	56,405	26,555	29,845	80,285	38,330	41,955
Afrikaner	190	90	95	340	175	170
Amhara	325	170	160	500	240	260
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	175	100	75	305	170	135
Burundian	475	265	210	710	385	325
Djiboutian	160	80	85	205	95	115
Eritrean	6,455	3,105	3,355	7,625	3,685	3,940
Ethiopian	13,090	6,255	6,830	15,990	7,670	8,325
Harari	395	215	175	460	250	210
Kenyan	2,150	970	1,185	3,960	1,830	2,130
Malagasy	80	30	50	180	75	100
Mauritian	945	455	485	2,820	1,465	1,355
Oromo	640	275	365	830	370	460
Rwandan	790	365	425	1,105	490	620
Seychellois	75	30	45	165	65	95
Somali	20,960	9,675	11,280	25,550	11,820	13,740
South African	5,435	2,705	2,735	11,950	6,010	5,940
Tanzanian	1,140	550	590	1,850	925	920
Tigrian	360	190	175	410	210	200
Ugandan	1,285	620	660	2,010	980	1,030
Zambian	170	80	85	385	195	190
Zimbabwean	1,025	450	575	1,760	815	945
Zulu	140	75	65	205	100	110
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	3,275	1,375	1,900	5,470	2,415	3,055
Other African origins	41,950	19,690	22,270	77,575	36,805	40,775
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	6,535	2,750	3,785	10,975	4,750	6,220
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	35,855	17,135	18,720	67,415	32,440	34,975
Asian origins	1,079,290	515,535	563,760	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	152,055	77,500	74,555	330,340	167,015	163,330
Afghan	20,915	10,770	10,150	41,735	20,950	20,780
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	9,280	4,885	4,390	23,205	12,005	11,195
Armenian	12,265	5,950	6,320	21,710	10,545	11,165
Assyrian	3,125	1,620	1,505	7,705	3,955	3,745
Azerbaijani	1,670	805	870	3,340	1,620	1,720
Georgian	1,605	815	785	2,390	1,220	1,165
Hazara	325	165	160	515	280	235
Iranian	45,540	23,000	22,535	97,110	48,770	48,345
Iraqi	10,475	5,180	5,295	29,045	14,570	14,480
Israeli	6,720	3,480	3,240	14,490	7,510	6,975
Jordanian	1,480	830	655	5,325	2,865	2,460
Kazakh	635	290	345	975	445	530
Kurd	2,565	1,415	1,155	4,355	2,330	2,025
Kuwaiti	155	95	60	375	215	160
Kyrgyz	130	40	90	245	85	160
Lebanese	13,125	6,800	6,325	29,750	15,125	14,625
Palestinian	4,090	2,280	1,810	15,555	8,380	7,170
Pashtun	825	460	360	2,145	1,180	965
Saudi Arabian	1,125	585	535	1,655	865	785
Syrian	6,655	3,210	3,450	16,150	7,855	8,300
Tajik	780	390	390	1,425	670	755
Tatar	860	375	485	1,785	760	1,025
Turk	13,345	6,845	6,500	23,085	11,685	11,405
Turkmen	200	90	110	405	205	200
Uighur	370	180	185	545	255	290
Uzbek	1,025	530	495	1,745	870	880
Yemeni	1,405	665	740	2,530	1,205	1,325
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	4,210	2,175	2,035	10,180	5,245	4,930
South Asian origins	350,040	175,565	174,470	995,125	499,465	495,660
Bangladeshi	18,155	9,430	8,725	23,400	11,960	11,435
Bengali	9,455	4,875	4,580	12,515	6,390	6,125
Bhutanese	120	75	50	150	80	65
East Indian	202,675	101,705	100,970	643,370	322,810	320,555
Goan	1,280	565	710	4,040	1,880	2,160
Gujarati	1,995	1,075	920	4,980	2,575	2,400
Kashmiri	350	180	170	1,345	690	650
Nepali	3,080	1,515	1,565	5,395	2,645	2,745
Pakistani	36,135	18,360	17,770	122,950	62,455	60,490
Punjabi	6,205	3,185	3,020	47,760	24,560	23,205
Sinhalese	1,735	850	880	4,030	1,970	2,055
Sri Lankan	58,185	28,130	30,055	114,400	55,790	58,615
Tamil	20,345	10,295	10,055	40,115	20,345	19,775
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	18,475	9,450	9,025	49,895	25,275	24,620
East and Southeast Asian origins	586,510	266,790	319,720	1,134,050	525,470	608,580
Burmese	1,200	570	635	2,165	970	1,195
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,965	1,300	1,665	6,430	2,970	3,460
Chinese	332,825	155,720	177,110	700,705	332,650	368,055
Filipino	162,600	68,740	93,865	274,670	118,265	156,405
Hmong	15	0	10	55	25	30
Indonesian	2,950	1,370	1,580	6,120	2,825	3,290
Japanese	17,265	7,320	9,945	28,045	12,350	15,695
Karen	230	100	130	265	115	145
Korean	43,455	20,505	22,950	73,385	34,950	38,445
Laotian	1,255	580	680	4,205	2,080	2,125
Malaysian	2,875	1,340	1,535	5,625	2,660	2,960
Mongolian	1,090	480	615	1,940	885	1,060
Singaporean	555	240	320	1,070	480	590
Taiwanese	4,500	2,015	2,480	7,975	3,625	4,350
Thai	1,795	640	1,155	3,390	1,275	2,115
Tibetan	5,430	2,705	2,725	6,015	3,015	3,000
Vietnamese	36,840	17,310	19,530	73,740	34,880	38,865
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	1,375	700	675	3,400	1,675	1,725
Other Asian origins	4,605	2,310	2,295	10,705	5,285	5,420
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	4,605	2,310	2,295	10,710	5,285	5,420
Oceania origins	5,790	2,905	2,885	9,705	4,915	4,785
Australian	3,705	1,945	1,765	5,925	3,095	2,830
New Zealander	1,230	640	590	1,945	1,030	915
Pacific Islands origins	1,020	425	595	2,045	935	1,110
Fijian	465	165	300	1,185	495	690
Hawaiian	125	55	65	225	115	115
Maori	145	80	60	200	105	90
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	80	15	60	115	45	70
Samoan	65	30	35	90	45	50
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	220	90	130	340	160	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	1,112,925	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Owner	587,095	...	...	1,420,360	...	...
Renter	525,835	...	...	715,540	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Condominium	292,260	...	...	445,650	...	...
Not condominium	820,665	...	...	1,690,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
No bedrooms	22,360	...	...	24,165	...	...
1 bedroom	310,005	...	...	384,275	...	...
2 bedrooms	315,685	...	...	452,930	...	...
3 bedrooms	270,925	...	...	627,365	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	193,950	...	...	647,170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	1,112,925	...	...	2,135,905	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	559,150	...	...	751,950	...	...
5 rooms	150,730	...	...	290,215	...	...
6 rooms	119,130	...	...	278,975	...	...
7 rooms	94,780	...	...	249,710	...	...
8 or more rooms	189,140	...	...	565,055	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.0	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,054,450	...	...	2,042,675	...	...
More than 1 person per room	58,485	...	...	93,235	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	1,112,925	...	...	2,135,905	...	...
Suitable	978,105	...	...	1,930,485	...	...
Not suitable	134,820	...	...	205,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
1960 or before	363,125	...	...	437,615	...	...
1961 to 1980	347,615	...	...	566,970	...	...
1981 to 1990	109,900	...	...	300,455	...	...
1991 to 2000	85,645	...	...	268,320	...	...
2001 to 2005	58,310	...	...	198,705	...	...
2006 to 2010	67,530	...	...	185,715	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	80,800	...	...	178,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,034,330	...	...	2,019,695	...	...
Major repairs needed	78,595	...	...	116,215	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,910	...	...
1 household maintainer	693,410	...	...	1,205,800	...	...
2 household maintainers	374,460	...	...	841,650	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45,065	...	...	88,460	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	1,112,930	...	...	2,135,905	...	...
15 to 24 years	38,560	...	...	48,555	...	...
25 to 34 years	193,900	...	...	296,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	200,750	...	...	406,810	...	...
45 to 54 years	225,770	...	...	497,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	198,425	...	...	414,985	...	...
65 to 74 years	134,375	...	...	264,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	84,315	...	...	149,385	...	...
85 years and over	36,845	...	...	58,260	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	1,110,740	...	...	2,130,850	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	704,665	...	...	1,418,495	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	406,070	...	...	712,350	...	...
30% to less than 100%	328,350	...	...	589,435	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	587,080	...	...	1,418,695	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	57.5	...	...	63.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	27.4	...	...	26.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,496	...	...	1,655	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,682	...	...	1,755	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	601,922	...	...	647,648	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	754,015	...	...	734,924	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	525,825	...	...	715,420	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.1	...	...	14.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.8	...	...	46.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,201	...	...	1,207	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,242	...	...	1,264	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	377,340	177,785	199,550	794,735	377,800	416,930
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	561,095	276,685	284,405	1,262,345	621,135	641,215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,356,355	638,180	718,175	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	94,005	59,530	34,475	216,485	144,375	72,110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	53,065	30,330	22,735	116,425	69,165	47,260
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	40,945	29,195	11,745	100,065	75,215	24,850
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	362,080	156,110	205,975	844,670	369,815	474,855
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	65,015	27,970	37,040	134,705	60,270	74,435
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	835,255	394,575	440,685	1,626,155	771,800	854,355
Bachelor's degree	534,610	245,840	288,765	1,075,760	494,850	580,905
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	54,570	24,630	29,935	107,255	49,015	58,245
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	23,545	12,065	11,475	44,785	22,370	22,420
Master's degree	192,120	93,960	98,160	350,785	176,595	174,185
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	30,415	18,075	12,345	47,570	28,965	18,600
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,554,810	745,235	809,575	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	159,795	80,045	79,745	316,395	160,105	156,295
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	317,080	162,485	154,595	718,855	360,435	358,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,077,935	502,705	575,230	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	63,315	39,670	23,640	147,990	97,935	50,050
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	36,000	20,535	15,470	79,985	47,200	32,785
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	27,310	19,140	8,175	68,005	50,740	17,270
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	279,675	121,840	157,835	660,375	288,290	372,080
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	48,700	21,085	27,615	101,090	44,915	56,180
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	686,245	320,105	366,140	1,343,990	626,960	717,030
Bachelor's degree	433,620	198,980	234,645	876,470	399,455	477,015
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	43,835	19,140	24,705	87,155	38,320	48,835
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	18,815	8,885	9,930	36,605	17,060	19,545
Master's degree	166,410	79,840	86,565	306,310	150,595	155,715
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	23,565	13,260	10,300	37,445	21,525	15,920
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	938,435	454,470	483,965	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145
Education	67,330	14,370	52,965	143,825	29,335	114,490
13. Education	67,330	14,370	52,965	143,825	29,335	114,490
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	86,360	39,580	46,785	138,915	62,540	76,375
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10,295	7,570	2,730	18,065	13,420	4,645
50. Visual and performing arts	76,065	32,005	44,055	120,850	49,120	71,735
Humanities	101,440	38,205	63,235	190,960	67,430	123,535
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	12,400	2,990	9,415	22,465	4,895	17,570
23. English language and literature/letters	31,945	10,210	21,735	53,980	15,275	38,705
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	23,775	8,195	15,585	57,545	19,230	38,315
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	665	275	390	925	420	505
38. Philosophy and religious studies	8,015	4,575	3,440	12,380	6,900	5,485
39. Theology and religious vocations	5,475	3,390	2,080	10,235	6,460	3,765
54. History	15,360	7,865	7,495	26,685	13,230	13,455
55. French language and literature/letters	3,800	695	3,100	6,750	1,015	5,735
Social and behavioural sciences and law	215,995	80,305	135,695	404,445	141,120	263,325
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,805	805	3,000	5,520	1,040	4,480
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	27,655	10,905	16,755	44,435	17,305	27,130
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	26,595	2,885	23,710	57,210	5,340	51,870
22. Legal professions and studies	38,050	16,600	21,445	69,375	26,940	42,430
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,800	945	2,855	6,765	1,550	5,220
42. Psychology	29,555	7,530	22,020	56,380	13,470	42,905
45. Social sciences	86,530	40,630	45,900	164,760	75,470	89,290
Business, management and public administration	316,575	143,790	172,785	683,170	305,955	377,210
30.16 Accounting and computer science	610	255	350	1,380	525	855
44. Public administration and social service professions	22,585	5,035	17,545	41,330	8,545	32,785
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	293,385	138,500	154,885	640,460	296,885	343,575
Physical and life sciences and technologies	63,185	30,155	33,035	135,195	63,275	71,920
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	29,170	12,000	17,165	56,780	22,320	34,460
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	13,410	5,860	7,545	33,525	14,700	18,820
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,380	425	955	2,425	770	1,655
40. Physical sciences	17,275	11,180	6,095	37,715	23,855	13,860
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,955	695	1,265	4,745	1,620	3,125
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	76,440	49,500	26,940	167,300	108,360	58,945
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	57,245	39,505	17,740	129,355	88,860	40,490
25. Library science	3,700	670	3,025	5,930	975	4,950
27. Mathematics and statistics	14,350	8,495	5,850	29,330	16,665	12,665
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,140	825	315	2,690	1,845	840
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	203,235	170,735	32,495	483,705	417,195	66,510
04. Architecture and related services	18,005	11,125	6,880	30,785	19,780	11,000
14. Engineering	93,105	73,095	20,010	209,840	167,090	42,755
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	31,630	28,215	3,415	82,390	74,000	8,390
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	90	20	60	105	25	75
46. Construction trades	25,275	24,510	765	62,875	61,525	1,345
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	23,105	22,350	755	64,895	63,235	1,660
48. Precision production	12,020	11,410	605	32,825	31,545	1,280
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	14,385	7,115	7,275	31,395	16,880	14,510
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	7,765	4,080	3,685	18,615	10,510	8,105
03. Natural resources and conservation	6,625	3,035	3,590	12,775	6,370	6,410
Health and related fields	161,615	40,265	121,350	329,520	79,140	250,380
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	12,375	6,250	6,130	27,935	14,250	13,685
51. Health professions and related programs	142,005	30,130	111,870	289,225	58,445	230,780
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	7,235	3,890	3,345	12,370	6,450	5,920
Personal, protective and transportation services	49,585	24,090	25,495	113,240	54,930	58,315
12. Personal and culinary services	33,385	11,715	21,670	69,505	21,485	48,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	210	185	25	400	355	45
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	195	25	545	510	30
43. Security and protective services	9,475	6,475	3,005	27,635	19,200	8,440
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,290	5,525	765	15,155	13,380	1,775
Other	210	85	130	335	95	235
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	205	80	125	335	100	235
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,554,815	745,240	809,575	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	476,880	242,535	234,340	1,035,250	520,540	514,710
Education	48,015	10,310	37,710	105,195	20,910	84,285
13. Education	48,015	10,310	37,710	105,195	20,910	84,285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70,630	32,800	37,825	111,390	50,080	61,305
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	8,240	6,095	2,145	13,840	10,300	3,535
50. Visual and performing arts	62,385	26,710	35,680	97,550	39,775	57,770
Humanities	77,355	28,940	48,420	148,140	50,890	97,255
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	9,450	2,160	7,290	17,660	3,540	14,120
23. English language and literature/letters	24,570	7,840	16,730	41,970	11,575	30,395
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	18,350	6,360	11,985	45,505	14,730	30,775
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	545	235	310	740	345	390
38. Philosophy and religious studies	6,215	3,600	2,615	9,615	5,405	4,205
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,875	2,365	1,515	7,505	4,705	2,800
54. History	11,710	5,965	5,745	20,195	9,940	10,250
55. French language and literature/letters	2,645	405	2,240	4,965	635	4,325
Social and behavioural sciences and law	176,260	64,440	111,820	328,240	111,705	216,530
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	3,110	680	2,430	4,530	880	3,645
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	23,490	9,350	14,145	36,715	14,295	22,425
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20,460	2,080	18,380	44,120	3,755	40,370
22. Legal professions and studies	32,410	13,120	19,285	58,950	20,950	38,000
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	3,140	795	2,340	5,295	1,275	4,020
42. Psychology	23,045	5,665	17,385	44,300	10,030	34,270
45. Social sciences	70,605	32,750	37,850	134,325	60,520	73,810
Business, management and public administration	259,240	116,620	142,625	564,595	248,210	316,390
30.16 Accounting and computer science	525	200	325	1,160	430	735
44. Public administration and social service professions	18,355	4,125	14,230	33,415	6,830	26,585
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240,360	112,290	128,070	530,015	240,955	289,060
Physical and life sciences and technologies	48,020	22,475	25,540	103,055	46,585	56,475
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	22,455	9,165	13,290	43,415	16,535	26,875
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10,355	4,475	5,880	25,865	11,000	14,865
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,100	355	745	1,995	655	1,335
40. Physical sciences	12,630	7,955	4,685	28,260	17,290	10,970
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,470	525	945	3,535	1,110	2,430
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	66,520	43,645	22,875	148,790	96,820	51,970
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	51,580	35,780	15,795	118,355	81,355	37,000
25. Library science	2,500	490	2,005	4,220	735	3,485
27. Mathematics and statistics	11,420	6,635	4,785	23,830	13,135	10,700
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,020	735	290	2,380	1,595	790
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	154,980	127,815	27,160	373,050	316,715	56,335
04. Architecture and related services	14,855	8,910	5,940	25,325	15,870	9,455
14. Engineering	75,175	58,020	17,155	171,640	134,400	37,240
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	23,075	20,580	2,495	61,555	55,085	6,465
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	80	20	60	95	20	75
46. Construction trades	17,955	17,415	540	45,310	44,305	1,000
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	16,100	15,580	520	47,060	45,880	1,170
48. Precision production	7,735	7,290	445	22,075	21,155	915
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	11,710	5,595	6,120	24,915	12,845	12,070
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,170	3,075	3,095	14,535	7,740	6,800
03. Natural resources and conservation	5,545	2,520	3,025	10,375	5,105	5,270
Health and related fields	127,480	31,675	95,805	260,215	62,080	198,135
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	9,425	4,835	4,585	21,080	10,715	10,365
51. Health professions and related programs	112,440	24,045	88,390	229,345	46,565	182,780
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	5,620	2,795	2,825	9,790	4,795	4,990
Personal, protective and transportation services	37,545	18,325	19,225	85,575	41,185	44,390
12. Personal and culinary services	24,950	8,690	16,260	52,095	15,715	36,385
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	155	130	25	285	245	40
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	110	95	15	255	240	15
43. Security and protective services	7,280	4,910	2,370	20,920	14,315	6,605
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,050	4,495	560	12,015	10,670	1,345
Other	180	70	110	285	80	205
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	180	70	110	285	75	210
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	938,430	454,470	483,960	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,356,360	638,185	718,175	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760
Location of study inside Canada	929,295	434,085	495,205	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300
Same as province or territory of residence	844,385	392,995	451,390	1,765,910	831,915	934,000
Different than province or territory of residence	84,910	41,095	43,815	147,495	72,195	75,305
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	427,060	204,095	222,970	908,605	442,150	466,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	45,380	24,765	20,620	83,885	46,165	37,725
Philippines	58,780	19,975	38,800	96,085	33,600	62,485
India	42,320	22,130	20,190	142,155	71,730	70,420
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	28,740	15,215	13,535	59,990	33,500	26,490
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	35,475	16,700	18,775	78,940	37,355	41,580
France	4,875	2,630	2,245	6,680	3,625	3,055
Other	211,485	102,685	108,805	440,875	216,165	224,710
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,554,810	745,235	809,575	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	476,880	242,535	234,340	1,035,250	520,540	514,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	1,077,935	502,705	575,230	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340
Location of study inside Canada	739,730	344,335	395,395	1,525,890	713,690	812,200
Same as province or territory of residence	671,340	310,865	360,475	1,408,565	656,055	752,510
Different than province or territory of residence	68,390	33,470	34,920	117,325	57,635	59,690
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	338,205	158,365	179,835	727,550	344,405	383,140
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	35,025	18,675	16,350	66,805	35,720	31,085
Philippines	50,685	17,040	33,645	81,210	27,965	53,245
India	36,085	18,480	17,605	122,145	59,885	62,265
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	18,570	9,775	8,800	37,190	20,385	16,805
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	29,550	13,705	15,845	66,635	31,040	35,595
France	4,050	2,180	1,865	5,615	3,030	2,590
Other	164,240	78,510	85,735	347,945	166,390	181,555
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900
In the labour force	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315
Employed	1,361,375	697,365	664,010	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250
Unemployed	122,305	60,785	61,520	249,360	123,290	126,070
Not in the labour force	811,105	334,505	476,605	1,644,740	675,160	969,585
Participation rate	64.7	69.4	60.4	66.3	71.2	61.7
Employment rate	59.3	63.8	55.2	61.2	66.0	56.8
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.0	8.5	7.7	7.4	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	791,790	328,280	463,515	1,592,740	654,475	938,270
Worked	1,502,995	764,375	738,620	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	750,555	409,195	341,360	1,694,705	941,950	752,765
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	752,445	355,180	397,260	1,591,645	748,775	842,875
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.9	41.7	42.6	43.3	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	90,210	41,705	48,505
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	1,437,545	736,420	701,125	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815
Employee	1,254,610	621,175	633,435	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	182,930	115,245	67,690	399,170	260,290	138,885
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	90,215	41,710	48,505
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	1,437,545	736,420	701,125	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815
0 Management occupations	163,965	95,505	68,460	376,890	228,640	148,255
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	258,870	98,770	160,100	576,955	203,575	373,375
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	117,635	88,840	28,795	269,965	206,395	63,570
3 Health occupations	84,360	22,000	62,360	173,475	41,565	131,915
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	186,795	60,360	126,435	357,990	109,080	248,905
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80,195	40,685	39,510	127,395	62,535	64,855
6 Sales and service occupations	345,145	163,920	181,220	735,270	338,725	396,550
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	131,110	122,835	8,280	351,740	327,065	24,675
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	7,555	6,240	1,310	24,245	19,360	4,885
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	61,900	37,255	24,645	150,215	91,390	58,825
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	1,483,680	758,150	725,530	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	46,135	21,730	24,405	90,210	41,710	48,505
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	1,437,540	736,415	701,125	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,095	1,310	785	9,410	5,515	3,890
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,045	1,345	695	4,500	3,110	1,395
22 Utilities	5,915	3,855	2,060	15,860	10,905	4,955
23 Construction	76,475	68,340	8,145	191,430	166,670	24,750
31-33 Manufacturing	105,285	68,745	36,545	285,825	188,490	97,335
41 Wholesale trade	50,120	31,390	18,725	143,725	88,880	54,845
44-45 Retail trade	141,535	66,885	74,650	338,675	161,855	176,820
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	57,910	43,835	14,080	168,165	123,115	45,050
51 Information and cultural industries	61,350	35,260	26,090	106,940	61,970	44,970
52 Finance and insurance	120,005	60,090	59,920	247,475	118,710	128,760
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	39,935	22,060	17,880	82,665	44,590	38,075
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	175,685	98,535	77,150	339,305	191,155	148,150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	4,085	1,760	2,330	8,680	3,615	5,065
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	78,885	42,905	35,985	162,185	89,190	72,995
61 Educational services	110,275	38,130	72,150	229,025	70,820	158,200
62 Health care and social assistance	143,250	32,215	111,035	287,975	58,110	229,865
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	34,995	18,395	16,600	63,745	33,560	30,185
72 Accommodation and food services	106,910	51,155	55,755	204,315	93,560	110,760
81 Other services (except public administration)	67,390	25,505	41,880	134,570	56,235	78,335
91 Public administration	53,395	24,710	28,680	119,675	58,255	61,415
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	1,361,375	697,365	664,005	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245
Worked at home	101,275	52,165	49,115	218,365	111,020	107,345
Worked outside Canada	9,045	5,800	3,240	19,580	13,225	6,350
No fixed workplace address	156,250	108,040	48,210	346,205	246,815	99,395
Worked at usual place	1,094,805	531,360	563,445	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,094,800	531,360	563,445	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	884,040	405,530	478,505	1,353,665	614,770	738,890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	243,620	119,725	123,890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	208,165	124,305	83,855	798,155	437,940	360,215
Commute to a different province or territory	2,605	1,520	1,080	5,410	3,250	2,160
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	1,251,055	639,405	611,650	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550
Car, truck, van - as a driver	575,260	348,270	226,990	1,714,795	982,905	731,890
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	57,170	21,245	35,925	154,360	56,295	98,065
Public transit	463,005	192,300	270,705	667,255	281,110	386,145
Walked	107,665	49,540	58,125	144,135	64,380	79,750
Bicycle	34,355	21,245	13,110	39,320	24,920	14,395
Other method	13,605	6,800	6,805	27,190	12,890	14,300
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	1,251,055	639,400	611,655	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550
Less than 15 minutes	152,755	74,720	78,035	391,400	177,910	213,490
15 to 29 minutes	354,570	183,060	171,510	783,980	398,445	385,535
30 to 44 minutes	359,230	189,620	169,610	726,575	394,790	331,790
45 to 59 minutes	181,675	90,685	90,990	372,095	198,325	173,770
60 minutes and over	202,830	101,320	101,510	473,000	253,030	219,970
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	1,251,055	639,400	611,655	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	56,235	38,495	17,740	158,945	113,980	44,970
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	162,435	96,815	65,620	416,640	250,560	166,080
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	305,355	146,795	158,560	699,920	339,560	360,360
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	335,840	156,755	179,085	649,740	299,940	349,800
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	200,780	97,300	103,480	404,420	192,285	212,135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	190,410	103,240	87,165	417,380	226,175	191,205
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	1,559,535	792,290	767,240	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415
Single responses	1,522,980	774,885	748,100	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450
Official languages	1,476,170	749,750	726,425	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850
English	1,469,910	747,820	722,090	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120
French	6,255	1,925	4,330	11,940	3,210	8,725
Non-official languages	46,810	25,135	21,675	92,725	49,125	43,600
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	46,805	25,130	21,675	92,715	49,125	43,590
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,030	620	405	1,865	1,065	805
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	95	40	50	100	45	60
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	10	10	15	10	0
Somali	80	35	40	85	30	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	930	580	350	1,755	1,020	735
Amharic	55	20	35	55	20	35
Arabic	560	385	180	1,165	760	405
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	85	75	15	110	75	30
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	160	60	100	360	115	245
Maltese	25	15	10	25	15	0
Tigrigna	40	20	15	45	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,055	460	595	1,780	740	1,045
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	25	15	45	30	25
Vietnamese	1,020	435	585	1,735	715	1,025
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	635	235	400	1,105	415	690
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ilocano	15	10	10	35	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	40	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	580	215	365	990	370	615
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages	10	10	0	25	20	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,090	550	540	1,910	905	1,000
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	15	55	30	30
Tamil	1,060	540	520	1,815	870	945
Telugu	10	0	0	35	0	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	13,005	7,335	5,675	27,005	14,870	12,135
Albanian	145	80	70	210	125	85
Armenian	110	55	60	140	65	70
Balto-Slavic languages	2,385	1,185	1,200	5,315	2,575	2,745
Baltic languages	30	10	25	55	20	30
Latvian	10	10	0	10	10	10
Lithuanian	20	0	20	45	15	30
Slavic languages	2,355	1,180	1,175	5,260	2,550	2,710
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	45	30	10
Bulgarian	80	45	35	115	75	40
Croatian	45	30	20	95	55	35
Czech	10	0	10	15	10	10
Macedonian	25	15	10	80	35	40
Polish	500	270	230	1,490	800	690
Russian	1,110	520	590	2,515	1,095	1,415
Serbian	105	65	40	160	110	55
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	20	10	0
Slovak	45	30	15	45	30	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	400	175	225	680	290	390
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	245	100	145	380	145	230
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	20	0	10
Dutch	35	30	0	60	40	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	150	45	110	240	70	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Swedish	20	10	10	20	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	10	10	10	20	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	275	150	125	340	190	155
Indo-Iranian languages	2,775	1,645	1,130	10,855	6,035	4,815
Indo-Aryan languages	1,375	730	645	8,405	4,500	3,905
Bengali	255	125	130	300	145	155
Gujarati	185	60	130	615	210	405
Hindi	180	110	70	740	355	385
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	10	15
Nepali	30	10	15	60	20	35
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	410	230	175	5,635	3,250	2,385
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	20	15	10
Urdu	300	180	120	985	480	505
Iranian languages	1,400	915	490	2,445	1,535	910
Kurdish	55	55	0	85	75	10
Pashto	0	0	10	10	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	1,335	865	475	2,350	1,460	890
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,070	4,125	2,940	9,760	5,730	4,030
Catalan	10	10	0	10	0	0
Italian	435	230	205	775	415	355
Portuguese	4,035	2,615	1,425	5,070	3,365	1,705
Romanian	90	40	50	245	105	140
Spanish	2,490	1,235	1,250	3,660	1,840	1,820
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	605	185	415	775	250	520
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	10	10	10
Georgian	0	10	0	10	10	10
Korean	2,700	1,390	1,305	4,265	2,155	2,105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	70	35	35
Akan (Twi)	15	0	20	15	0	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	20	15	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	10	0
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	170	80	90	350	140	210
American Sign Language	115	35	80	245	80	170
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	60	45	10	110	65	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	25,780	13,850	11,930	52,745	28,050	24,695
Chinese languages	25,735	13,825	11,910	52,700	28,020	24,675
Cantonese	11,875	6,245	5,630	25,335	13,205	12,130
Hakka	10	0	0	35	10	25
Mandarin	13,210	7,270	5,940	26,135	14,210	11,930
Min Dong	0	0	10	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	100	60	45	220	145	75
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	30	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	520	230	285	910	420	490
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	25	20	50	30	20
Burmese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	35	25	10	40	25	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	30	35	70	30	40
Lao	10	0	10	10	0	10
Thai	55	30	30	65	30	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	350	235	115	415	285	130
Azerbaijani	10	10	10	10	10	0
Turkish	335	220	115	400	270	130
Uyghur	10	0	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	255	110	140	305	140	165
Estonian	45	10	35	50	15	35
Finnish	30	10	25	45	10	35
Hungarian	175	90	85	220	125	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple responses	36,550	17,410	19,145	80,805	38,835	41,970
English and French	8,130	3,340	4,785	16,405	6,285	10,115
English and non-official language	27,800	13,775	14,025	63,155	31,990	31,165
French and non-official language	35	15	25	85	45	40
English, French and non-official language	585	285	305	1,160	510	645
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	1,559,535	792,295	767,240	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420
None	1,428,870	727,740	701,130	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680
English	22,480	10,985	11,500	44,560	21,510	23,050
French	27,840	12,335	15,500	47,885	20,415	27,475
Non-official language	77,850	40,035	37,820	169,430	89,575	79,855
Aboriginal	105	25	85	155	50	105
Non-Aboriginal	77,740	40,005	37,735	169,270	89,525	79,750
English and French	55	35	25	85	45	45
English and non-official language	445	225	220	1,225	585	640
French and non-official language	1,975	920	1,050	3,160	1,480	1,675
English, French and non-official language	20	15	0	25	20	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	2,663,555	1,281,735	1,381,820	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215
Non-movers	2,284,060	1,094,980	1,189,075	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235
Movers	379,490	186,750	192,740	732,260	360,275	371,980
Non-migrants	253,780	124,200	129,580	433,235	212,190	221,040
Migrants	125,710	62,555	63,165	299,025	148,080	150,940
Internal migrants	65,770	32,410	33,360	194,570	96,145	98,430
Intraprovincial migrants	49,990	24,575	25,415	168,510	83,115	85,395
Interprovincial migrants	15,780	7,835	7,945	26,065	13,030	13,030
External migrants	59,940	30,135	29,810	104,455	51,940	52,515
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	2,556,120	1,226,455	1,329,665	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915
Non-movers	1,516,110	718,935	797,170	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680
Movers	1,040,010	507,515	532,495	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235
Non-migrants	639,060	310,250	328,815	1,174,140	570,770	603,370
Migrants	400,955	197,265	203,690	967,975	474,110	493,860
Internal migrants	184,120	89,710	94,410	577,355	282,680	294,680
Intraprovincial migrants	141,135	68,975	72,160	510,305	250,225	260,080
Interprovincial migrants	42,985	20,735	22,250	67,050	32,450	34,600
External migrants	216,830	107,555	109,275	390,620	191,435	199,185