Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario and Lot 24, Township and royalty [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Dufferin, CTY Ontario [Census division]			Lot 24, LOT Prince Edward Island [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario Map : Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Lot 24, Township and royalty [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	61,735	...	...	1,735	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	56,881	...	...	1,656	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.5	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	22,889	...	...	975	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	21,918	...	...	715	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	41.5	...	...	24.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,486.44	...	...	69.79	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	61,735	30,475	31,260	1,735	855	885
0 to 14 years	11,440	5,775	5,670	300	135	165
0 to 4 years	3,575	1,885	1,690	95	50	50
5 to 9 years	3,895	1,970	1,925	110	50	55
10 to 14 years	3,975	1,920	2,055	90	30	60
15 to 64 years	41,235	20,535	20,695	1,120	550	565
15 to 19 years	4,275	2,235	2,045	85	45	45
20 to 24 years	3,865	2,020	1,840	80	45	40
25 to 29 years	3,425	1,725	1,700	70	35	35
30 to 34 years	3,585	1,785	1,795	90	40	45
35 to 39 years	3,770	1,845	1,920	100	50	50
40 to 44 years	4,180	1,985	2,190	95	50	50
45 to 49 years	4,715	2,330	2,385	130	60	70
50 to 54 years	5,375	2,630	2,745	155	75	80
55 to 59 years	4,480	2,235	2,245	170	90	80
60 to 64 years	3,570	1,745	1,830	140	65	75
65 years and over	9,060	4,165	4,895	315	165	145
65 to 69 years	3,140	1,525	1,620	130	65	60
70 to 74 years	2,245	1,105	1,145	85	50	35
75 to 79 years	1,495	685	810	50	30	25
80 to 84 years	1,075	480	595	30	15	15
85 years and over	1,100	375	725	15	5	10
85 to 89 years	705	255	450	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	310	95	210	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	80	20	55	5	0	5
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.5	18.9	18.1	17.3	15.8	18.6
15 to 64 years	66.8	67.4	66.2	64.6	64.3	63.8
65 years and over	14.7	13.7	15.7	18.2	19.3	16.4
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.3	0.9	0.6	1.1
Average age of the population	39.6	38.8	40.3	42.6	43.4	41.9
Median age of the population	40.7	39.6	41.5	46.4	47.4	45.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	21,915	...	...	715	...	...
Single-detached house	16,685	...	...	690	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	505	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,705	...	...	20	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,385	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	1,375	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	320	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,600	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
1 person	4,180	...	...	160	...	...
2 persons	7,225	...	...	305	...	...
3 persons	3,850	...	...	110	...	...
4 persons	4,090	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	2,575	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	60,845	...	...	1,730	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	50,295	24,705	25,595	1,435	715	715
Married or living common law	30,940	15,460	15,485	970	490	485
Married	25,710	12,855	12,860	875	440	435
Living common law	5,230	2,605	2,625	95	45	50
Not married and not living common law	19,350	9,245	10,105	460	225	230
Never married	12,535	6,970	5,565	305	165	140
Separated	1,500	645	855	25	15	15
Divorced	2,675	1,045	1,630	65	35	30
Widowed	2,640	585	2,055	65	15	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	17,965	...	...	550	...	...
2 persons	8,140	...	...	315	...	...
3 persons	4,000	...	...	105	...	...
4 persons	4,020	...	...	85	...	...
5 or more persons	1,810	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	17,965	...	...	550	...	...
Total couple families	15,265	...	...	475	...	...
Married couples	12,650	...	...	430	...	...
Common-law couples	2,610	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,705	...	...	70	...	...
Female parent	2,055	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	650	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	15,265	...	...	475	...	...
Couples without children	6,625	...	...	275	...	...
Couples with children	8,640	...	...	205	...	...
1 child	3,120	...	...	80	...	...
2 children	3,770	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	1,750	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,705	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	1,520	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	875	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	310	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,790	3,260	3,530	210	105	100
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
One-census-family households	16,545	...	...	535	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,045	...	...	265	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,500	...	...	265	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	695	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,675	...	...	170	...	...
One-person households	4,180	...	...	160	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	495	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	61,180	30,265	30,920	1,735	855	880
English only	57,385	28,685	28,695	1,455	755	700
French only	15	10	5	5	0	5
English and French	3,550	1,465	2,085	275	100	180
Neither English nor French	225	105	120	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	61,180	30,265	30,920	1,735	850	885
English	60,210	29,825	30,380	1,665	830	835
French	640	280	360	65	20	45
English and French	105	50	50	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	220	105	125	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	695	305	385	70	25	45
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.0	1.2	4.0	2.9	5.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	61,180	30,265	30,915	1,735	855	880
Single responses	60,525	29,925	30,595	1,725	850	880
Official languages	55,115	27,320	27,800	1,660	815	850
English	54,430	27,020	27,405	1,585	785	800
French	690	300	395	75	30	50
Non-official languages	5,400	2,605	2,795	65	40	25
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,400	2,605	2,795	65	40	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	180	105	70	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	175	105	70	0	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	105	60	45	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	45	30	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	250	80	165	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	55	135	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	20	15	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,415	2,180	2,235	60	35	20
Albanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	825	385	445	0	0	0
Baltic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	800	365	435	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Czech	40	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Polish	435	205	230	0	0	0
Russian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,240	580	660	45	25	15
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dutch	410	195	215	30	20	10
Frisian	10	5	5	5	0	5
German	750	350	400	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	80	35	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	670	325	340	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	630	310	310	10	5	5
Bengali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hindi	60	35	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	420	205	220	10	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,575	835	735	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	525	315	210	0	5	0
Portuguese	610	310	300	0	0	0
Romanian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Spanish	350	165	180	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	30	35	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	25	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	5	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	125	55	65	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	20	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	175	70	100	0	0	5
Estonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	120	50	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	655	340	320	5	5	0
English and French	125	70	55	5	5	0
English and non-official language	500	255	245	0	5	0
French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	61,175	30,265	30,915	1,735	855	880
Single responses	60,115	29,750	30,360	1,725	845	870
Official languages	58,440	28,925	29,520	1,690	830	860
English	58,295	28,860	29,435	1,660	825	845
French	145	65	85	25	10	15
Non-official languages	1,670	825	845	30	15	15
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,670	825	840	30	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	40	60	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	25	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,290	650	640	30	15	10
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	235	115	115	5	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	230	115	115	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	145	85	70	0	5	0
Russian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	270	135	135	20	10	10
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	15	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	220	110	110	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	370	185	190	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	350	175	180	10	5	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	125	135	10	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	395	205	190	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	75	70	0	0	0
Romanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	140	75	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,065	510	555	15	5	10
English and French	80	40	40	10	0	5
English and non-official language	965	460	500	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	61,180	30,260	30,915	1,735	855	880
None	57,655	28,700	28,955	1,625	810	815
English	770	380	395	30	20	20
French	680	265	410	60	25	40
Non-official language	2,020	900	1,125	15	10	10
Aboriginal	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,015	895	1,125	15	5	10
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	49,430	24,405	25,025	1,425	710	715
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,485	23,470	24,025	1,405	705	695
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,850	48,077	29,595	32,704	36,608	29,184
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,495	23,465	24,025	1,400	705	700
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,928	41,845	27,248	29,312	31,808	25,984
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,140	22,275	21,865	1,285	640	645
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,864	46,851	26,470	27,883	32,608	23,296
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,050	13,950	18,100	1,025	485	545
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,165	1,922	5,166	8,411	8,896	8,016
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	38,215	19,895	18,320	1,105	565	540
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,930	47,505	28,354	27,616	31,424	24,661
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	49,430	24,405	25,030	1,430	705	730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,480	23,435	24,040	1,395	695	700
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,074	58,085	38,316	37,393	42,047	32,780
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,480	23,435	24,040	1,395	695	700
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,813	47,067	32,742	31,718	35,775	27,697
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,120	22,240	21,880	1,310	670	640
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,518	57,071	35,794	32,881	37,185	28,368
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,820	13,705	18,120	1,050	500	550
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,232	6,724	7,617	8,659	8,555	8,752
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,215	19,865	18,355	1,115	570	540
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,844	54,944	35,995	31,899	35,015	28,604
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	49,435	24,405	25,025	1,430	700	730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	20,030	11,705	8,325	525	310	215
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,654	63,201	47,579	41,932	42,341	40,322
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	63,151	70,641	52,614	45,517	46,707	43,821
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.1	93.3	85.4	83.3	85.3	81.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.9	79.8	72.6	69.9	71.6	67.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.9	6.7	14.6	16.8	15.0	19.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	49,435	24,405	25,030	1,425	710	715
Without total income	1,940	940	1,005	25	5	15
With total income	47,485	23,465	24,025	1,405	700	700
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.1	96.0	98.6	98.6	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,410	2,590	3,820	185	85	95
$10,000 to $19,999	7,360	2,750	4,605	225	85	135
$20,000 to $29,999	6,080	2,395	3,685	235	100	130
$30,000 to $39,999	4,960	2,165	2,790	230	115	110
$40,000 to $49,999	4,805	2,260	2,545	165	90	75
$50,000 to $59,999	3,965	2,105	1,865	120	70	55
$60,000 to $69,999	3,355	2,005	1,350	80	55	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,580	1,660	920	55	20	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,010	1,280	735	35	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,685	1,065	625	20	10	10
$100,000 and over	4,270	3,175	1,090	55	40	15
$100,000 to $149,999	3,070	2,245	830	40	30	10
$150,000 and over	1,195	935	260	10	15	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	49,430	24,405	25,030	1,425	715	715
Without after-tax income	1,935	940	1,000	25	5	15
With after-tax income	47,495	23,465	24,025	1,400	705	700
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.0	98.2	98.6	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,625	2,640	3,975	185	85	100
$10,000 to $19,999	7,740	2,900	4,840	250	100	150
$20,000 to $29,999	7,050	2,870	4,175	285	130	155
$30,000 to $39,999	6,100	2,770	3,325	255	145	115
$40,000 to $49,999	5,700	2,940	2,760	190	100	90
$50,000 to $59,999	4,495	2,695	1,805	105	65	40
$60,000 to $69,999	3,240	2,065	1,170	55	30	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,390	1,540	850	25	10	20
$80,000 and over	4,170	3,045	1,120	50	35	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,465	985	480	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	915	665	255	15	15	5
$100,000 and over	1,790	1,400	390	20	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	49,435	24,405	25,025	1,430	715	715
Without employment income	11,215	4,510	6,705	320	150	175
With employment income	38,215	19,895	18,325	1,105	565	540
Percentage with employment income	77.3	81.5	73.2	77.3	79.0	75.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,065	2,370	2,695	170	85	90
$5,000 to $9,999	3,010	1,215	1,795	100	45	55
$10,000 to $19,999	4,825	2,010	2,820	170	70	100
$20,000 to $29,999	3,725	1,575	2,150	150	75	75
$30,000 to $39,999	3,515	1,545	1,970	150	75	70
$40,000 to $49,999	3,500	1,635	1,860	115	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	3,090	1,700	1,385	80	45	30
$60,000 to $69,999	2,680	1,670	1,015	60	30	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,125	1,395	725	40	20	20
$80,000 and over	6,680	4,775	1,905	75	50	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,655	1,115	545	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,535	945	590	10	0	10
$100,000 and over	3,485	2,715	770	40	30	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	21,915	...	...	715	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,608	...	...	64,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	77,256	...	...	55,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,175	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,592	...	...	32,064	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,548	...	...	28,896	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	17,735	...	...	555	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,242	...	...	76,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,109	...	...	66,633	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	104,141	...	...	72,981	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,245	...	...	61,906	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,175	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,938	...	...	33,015	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,417	...	...	28,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	17,745	...	...	545	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	117,132	...	...	85,669	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,030	...	...	72,518	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	21,915	...	...	715	...	...
Under $5,000	200	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	355	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	495	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	695	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	540	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	655	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	655	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	670	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	665	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,455	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,495	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,550	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,400	...	...	60	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,355	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,555	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,980	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,190	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,565	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,820	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,915	...	...	715	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	360	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	525	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	780	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	615	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	725	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	800	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	810	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	850	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,910	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,890	...	...	75	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,815	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,680	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,565	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,200	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,010	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,875	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,320	...	...	25	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	17,430	...	...	550	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,443	...	...	76,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,402	...	...	66,645	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,880	...	...	260	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,566	...	...	72,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,206	...	...	61,824	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,695	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,802	...	...	92,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,476	...	...	80,299	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,420	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,728	...	...	45,312	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,415	...	...	42,112	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	17,445	...	...	535	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,412	...	...	84,711	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,340	...	...	71,835	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,870	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,576	...	...	75,364	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,050	...	...	63,428	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,725	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,338	...	...	104,402	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,197	...	...	88,476	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,395	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,448	...	...	43,583	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,186	...	...	39,706	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,565	2,785	2,780	190	95	95
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,945	42,082	31,388	31,552	33,408	29,376
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,064	36,768	28,838	27,968	29,152	26,208
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,560	2,730	2,830	185	95	95
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,327	49,712	41,096	36,535	40,540	32,478
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,749	40,673	34,927	31,051	34,323	27,737
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	60,845	30,155	30,690	1,730	850	880
In the bottom half of the distribution	24,375	11,575	12,800	1,015	480	535
In the bottom decile	3,520	1,690	1,830	130	65	65
In the second decile	4,250	1,900	2,360	215	100	120
In the third decile	4,880	2,295	2,580	240	110	130
In the fourth decile	5,585	2,710	2,880	220	105	115
In the fifth decile	6,135	2,985	3,150	205	100	105
In the top half of the distribution	36,470	18,580	17,885	715	375	345
In the sixth decile	6,695	3,320	3,380	220	110	110
In the seventh decile	7,425	3,820	3,610	175	85	85
In the eighth decile	7,715	3,925	3,790	120	70	55
In the ninth decile	8,155	4,175	3,980	120	70	55
In the top decile	6,475	3,345	3,135	80	40	40
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	60,845	30,155	30,690	1,730	845	880
0 to 17 years	13,960	7,095	6,865	350	155	195
0 to 5 years	4,315	2,235	2,080	130	65	70
18 to 64 years	38,505	19,090	19,415	1,065	530	540
65 years and over	8,385	3,975	4,410	310	165	145
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,295	2,425	2,870	250	115	135
0 to 17 years	1,490	760	730	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	470	260	205	25	10	10
18 to 64 years	3,010	1,395	1,615	135	65	75
65 years and over	790	270	520	55	30	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.7	8.0	9.4	14.5	13.6	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.7	10.6	17.1	16.1	17.9
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	11.6	9.9	19.2	15.4	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	7.3	8.3	12.7	12.3	13.9
65 years and over (%)	9.4	6.8	11.8	17.7	18.2	17.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,390	1,175	1,215	50	25	25
0 to 17 years	585	310	275	10	5	10
0 to 5 years	170	100	70	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	1,665	810	850	35	20	20
65 years and over	145	55	90	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	3.9	4.0	2.9	3.0	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.2	4.4	4.0	2.9	3.2	5.1
0 to 5 years (%)	3.9	4.5	3.4	3.8	0.0	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.2	4.4	3.3	3.8	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	2.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	60,845	30,160	30,690	1,730	830	895
Official languages	60,635	30,055	30,570	1,730	830	900
English	60,605	30,050	30,560	1,730	830	895
French	3,560	1,425	2,130	270	75	190
Non-official languages	6,995	3,400	3,595	75	35	40
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,975	3,385	3,585	70	35	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	160	90	70	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	95	60	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	30	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	20	10	0	0	0
Maltese	55	35	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	10	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	310	100	210	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	50	25	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	85	175	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	55	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	65	45	25	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,805	2,890	2,910	70	40	30
Albanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	940	430	515	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	925	415	510	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Croatian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Czech	45	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	515	240	270	0	0	0
Russian	95	40	60	0	0	0
Serbian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	0	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	30	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,480	700	780	50	25	20
Afrikaans	25	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	515	240	280	30	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
German	940	455	485	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	140	50	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	805	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	730	365	365	0	0	0
Bengali	30	20	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hindi	230	105	125	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	440	220	225	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	30	20	0	0	0
Urdu	110	65	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	25	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,510	1,350	1,160	20	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	765	470	300	0	10	0
Portuguese	950	515	440	0	0	0
Romanian	150	75	75	0	0	0
Spanish	770	350	425	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	10	30	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	20	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	90	35	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	15	25	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	15	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	120	40	80	0	0	0
Estonian	30	0	30	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	60,845	30,155	30,690	1,730	830	900
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	59,075	29,365	29,710	1,685	810	870
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,855	7,100	6,755	365	145	220
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	45,220	22,260	22,955	1,320	670	655
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,770	790	980	40	15	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	60,845	30,155	30,685	1,730	830	895
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	52,325	26,110	26,215	1,640	790	855
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,360	3,970	4,390	85	40	45
Before 1981	4,445	2,170	2,270	50	30	15
1981 to 1990	1,165	555	605	15	0	15
1991 to 2000	1,130	515	620	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,155	540	615	0	10	0
2001 to 2005	640	300	340	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	515	235	280	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	465	190	275	10	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	155	70	85	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,360	3,975	4,390	85	40	45
Under 5 years	1,335	680	660	20	10	0
5 to 14 years	1,990	985	1,005	0	0	10
15 to 24 years	2,065	915	1,150	25	15	15
25 to 44 years	2,600	1,245	1,355	25	15	15
45 years and over	380	160	220	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,365	3,975	4,390	80	40	40
Americas	1,555	680	875	20	0	20
Brazil	35	15	25	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	15	0	0	0
Guyana	185	55	120	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	410	175	235	0	0	0
Mexico	50	30	25	0	0	0
Peru	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	185	90	95	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	380	170	215	25	0	25
Other places of birth in Americas	240	110	130	0	0	0
Europe	5,150	2,535	2,615	60	35	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	45	25	15	0	0	0
France	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	440	210	230	0	10	0
Greece	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hungary	35	25	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Italy	320	205	115	0	0	0
Netherlands	415	205	210	30	20	10
Poland	310	145	160	0	0	0
Portugal	455	245	210	0	0	0
Romania	115	50	60	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	30	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,360	1,130	1,225	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	420	180	240	0	0	0
Africa	300	135	165	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	45	10	40	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	90	50	40	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	25	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	45	35	0	0	0
Asia	1,300	590	710	0	10	0
Afghanistan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	10	0	0	0
India	380	190	190	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	65	30	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	105	55	50	10	0	0
Philippines	320	115	210	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	80	45	40	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	15	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	75	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	465	190	275	10	0	10
Americas	85	40	45	0	0	0
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	0	15	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	0	0	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	100	25	75	10	0	10
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	20	30	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	20	0	0	0
Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	15	20	0	0	0
Asia	240	105	135	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	95	45	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	55	60	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	60,845	30,155	30,690	1,730	830	900
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,755	4,165	4,595	90	40	45
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	13,405	6,715	6,695	140	65	85
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	38,685	19,280	19,405	1,495	730	770
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,005	1,835	2,170	50	15	35
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,795	900	900	30	10	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	705	455	250	10	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,095	440	650	20	10	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,800	710	1,090	25	0	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	360	210	155	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	60,845	30,155	30,690	1,725	830	900
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,170	605	565	40	25	15
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,100	575	525	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	765	420	345	30	25	10
Métis	325	145	180	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	10	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	59,680	29,555	30,120	1,690	800	885
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	60,845	30,155	30,690	1,730	825	895
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	410	195	220	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	60,435	29,965	30,475	1,705	815	890
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	60,845	30,155	30,690	1,730	830	900
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	165	110	60	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	170	110	60	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	120	85	40	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	40	20	20	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,065	995	1,070	70	35	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,045	980	1,065	70	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,750	860	895	50	25	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	110	170	25	15	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	58,615	29,050	29,560	1,645	785	865
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	60,845	30,155	30,690	1,730	825	900
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,925	2,285	2,635	10	10	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,245	635	610	0	0	0
Chinese	220	95	130	0	0	0
Black	1,595	775	825	0	0	0
Filipino	470	185	290	0	0	0
Latin American	405	210	190	0	0	0
Arab	70	35	35	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	155	60	95	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	90	40	50	0	0	0
Korean	95	55	45	0	0	0
Japanese	60	10	45	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	245	85	160	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	275	105	170	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	55,920	27,870	28,045	1,720	830	895
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	60,845	30,155	30,685	1,725	830	900
North American Aboriginal origins	2,230	1,105	1,125	80	45	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,890	955	935	55	35	25
Inuit	25	20	0	0	0	0
Métis	335	140	200	20	15	10
Other North American origins	22,005	10,760	11,240	750	365	385
Acadian	75	40	35	70	35	35
American	795	340	455	10	0	0
Canadian	21,410	10,520	10,890	700	335	370
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	125	65	60	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	45	20	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	46,860	23,380	23,485	1,320	630	685
British Isles origins	34,870	17,160	17,710	955	465	485
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	21,520	10,590	10,935	545	280	270
Irish	15,120	7,230	7,885	390	120	265
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	15,510	7,610	7,895	495	205	285
Welsh	1,485	700	785	45	20	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,980	955	1,025	30	10	20
French origins	5,220	2,530	2,690	560	240	315
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,220	2,530	2,685	560	245	320
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,450	5,305	5,145	195	75	120
Austrian	360	175	180	10	10	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	200	110	95	10	0	0
Dutch	3,785	1,830	1,955	110	45	60
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	10	0	0
German	6,485	3,360	3,125	75	15	60
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	280	115	165	0	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,220	520	705	15	0	15
Danish	295	140	155	0	0	10
Finnish	260	90	175	10	0	10
Icelandic	55	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	355	175	180	0	0	0
Swedish	250	100	150	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	90	50	40	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,725	2,935	2,785	30	0	20
Bulgarian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	215	125	90	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	125	75	50	0	0	0
Estonian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Hungarian	630	325	310	0	0	0
Latvian	110	50	65	0	0	0
Lithuanian	115	60	55	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,210	1,145	1,065	15	10	10
Romanian	340	180	165	0	0	0
Russian	490	255	235	0	0	0
Slovak	140	75	65	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,075	1,015	1,060	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,670	4,030	3,645	35	10	30
Albanian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	315	180	140	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	0	20	0	0	0
Greek	445	195	250	0	0	0
Italian	3,930	2,145	1,780	35	10	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Maltese	430	180	250	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,045	1,110	930	0	0	0
Serbian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	145	80	65	0	0	0
Spanish	530	260	270	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	90	40	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	245	115	125	15	20	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	115	55	60	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	60	65	20	20	0
Caribbean origins	1,640	760	880	0	0	0
Antiguan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	85	50	30	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	990	455	535	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	275	130	145	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	200	75	125	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	875	425	450	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chilean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Colombian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	105	45	60	0	0	0
Guatemalan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	270	135	130	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	140	85	60	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	40	15	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	80	45	35	0	0	0
African origins	805	390	415	40	25	15
Central and West African origins	255	135	120	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	65	45	25	0	0	0
Guinean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	15	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	110	55	55	40	25	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	15	0	15	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	90	55	35	40	20	20
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	30	60	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	40	10	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	405	180	220	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	380	175	205	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,205	1,485	1,720	20	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	505	230	275	15	10	10
Afghan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	10	30	0	0	0
Armenian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	95	35	60	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	95	50	45	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	15	0	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	110	55	60	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,420	710	710	0	10	0
Bangladeshi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,095	525	575	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	130	75	50	0	0	0
Punjabi	125	65	60	0	0	0
Sinhalese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tamil	45	30	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,315	545	775	0	0	0
Burmese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	430	205	230	0	0	0
Filipino	555	215	345	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	20	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	50	45	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	30	70	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	65	40	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	205	115	90	0	0	0
Australian	130	60	70	0	0	0
New Zealander	75	45	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
Owner	18,095	...	...	655	...	...
Renter	3,825	...	...	60	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
Condominium	1,020	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	20,905	...	...	705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,365	...	...	45	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,720	...	...	185	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,115	...	...	280	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,695	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,495	...	...	95	...	...
5 rooms	2,750	...	...	110	...	...
6 rooms	3,670	...	...	135	...	...
7 rooms	3,950	...	...	115	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,055	...	...	265	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	21,915	...	...	715	...	...
One person or fewer per room	21,765	...	...	710	...	...
More than 1 person per room	155	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
Suitable	21,265	...	...	705	...	...
Not suitable	655	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
1960 or before	3,960	...	...	155	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,860	...	...	130	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,305	...	...	100	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,380	...	...	130	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,935	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,590	...	...	70	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,890	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	20,765	...	...	650	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,155	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
1 household maintainer	11,255	...	...	405	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,190	...	...	305	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	475	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	21,920	...	...	715	...	...
15 to 24 years	285	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,650	...	...	95	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,095	...	...	80	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,460	...	...	155	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,480	...	...	180	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,985	...	...	145	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,540	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	420	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	21,380	...	...	680	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,110	...	...	595	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,270	...	...	85	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,730	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,625	...	...	620	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	69.5	...	...	55.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.4	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,622	...	...	817	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,650	...	...	856	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	428,604	...	...	199,803	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	496,451	...	...	235,509	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,795	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,076	...	...	696	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,093	...	...	597	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,435	24,405	25,030	1,430	700	730
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,080	4,950	4,130	220	120	100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,040	8,060	7,985	375	190	185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,310	11,390	12,915	840	395	440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,645	2,790	850	160	125	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,470	955	510	80	55	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,170	1,835	330	80	70	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,215	5,275	6,940	365	145	225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	880	355	520	35	15	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,570	2,970	4,600	275	110	165
Bachelor's degree	5,610	2,130	3,480	215	75	140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	595	215	375	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	90	85	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,110	490	620	45	35	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	40	40	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	32,935	16,065	16,865	940	440	495
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,470	2,075	1,395	70	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,390	5,365	5,020	225	120	105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,070	8,620	10,450	650	285	360
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,650	2,035	615	110	80	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,085	705	380	60	35	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,560	1,325	240	45	45	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,790	4,140	5,650	315	130	180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	630	265	360	25	15	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,005	2,180	3,825	200	70	135
Bachelor's degree	4,480	1,585	2,895	170	50	115
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	475	155	320	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	135	65	70	0	0	0
Master's degree	860	350	510	25	15	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,435	24,405	25,030	1,430	705	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,130	13,010	12,115	595	310	285
Education	1,665	360	1,310	70	30	40
13. Education	1,665	360	1,310	70	30	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,125	485	635	20	0	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	175	125	40	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	950	360	595	15	0	15
Humanities	1,080	405	680	20	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	15	55	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	245	95	155	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	120	210	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	25	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	55	40	0	10	0
54. History	225	85	140	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	55	0	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,015	745	2,265	45	10	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	230	85	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	940	70	870	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	425	75	345	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	0	55	0	0	0
42. Psychology	480	130	350	20	0	20
45. Social sciences	860	375	485	20	0	20
Business, management and public administration	4,420	1,575	2,840	235	70	165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	390	70	320	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,020	1,505	2,515	215	65	150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	685	325	360	35	10	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	280	90	185	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	95	105	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	150	110	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	690	430	260	20	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	525	355	175	20	15	0
25. Library science	55	15	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	45	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,140	4,910	230	190	180	10
04. Architecture and related services	140	115	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	480	425	55	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,110	1,030	85	15	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,040	1,035	10	110	105	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,675	1,645	30	30	30	0
48. Precision production	685	665	25	35	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	790	480	310	35	15	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	525	325	205	30	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	160	100	10	0	10
Health and related fields	3,650	560	3,095	115	15	100
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	450	200	250	0	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,165	340	2,825	105	10	95
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,025	1,125	905	50	35	15
12. Personal and culinary services	905	215	695	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	780	610	175	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	330	290	40	25	20	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	32,935	16,065	16,865	940	445	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,855	7,440	6,415	290	155	135
Education	1,230	235	995	45	15	30
13. Education	1,230	235	995	50	15	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	940	410	530	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	90	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	820	320	500	10	0	15
Humanities	815	285	530	15	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	15	50	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	195	60	130	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	250	85	165	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	15	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	40	25	0	10	0
54. History	170	60	105	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,440	555	1,885	35	0	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	75	120	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	740	45	695	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	360	50	310	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	0	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	380	95	285	10	0	15
45. Social sciences	695	285	405	20	0	15
Business, management and public administration	3,680	1,230	2,455	195	50	140
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	340	55	280	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,345	1,170	2,175	175	50	130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	505	230	275	25	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	210	65	145	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	130	65	60	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	80	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	550	345	210	20	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	450	295	155	25	15	10
25. Library science	25	10	20	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	35	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,930	3,730	200	145	130	10
04. Architecture and related services	125	95	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	360	315	50	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	840	785	60	15	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	790	780	10	80	75	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,360	1,335	25	25	25	0
48. Precision production	450	430	25	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	585	325	265	30	20	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	405	230	180	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	95	85	10	0	10
Health and related fields	2,805	395	2,405	85	15	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	315	135	180	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,460	245	2,215	75	10	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	10	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,575	885	690	35	25	10
12. Personal and culinary services	670	145	520	15	10	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	645	495	150	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	260	240	20	15	10	10
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,435	24,405	25,030	1,430	705	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,125	13,010	12,115	595	310	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,310	11,390	12,910	840	395	445
Location of study inside Canada	21,930	10,100	11,830	760	355	405
Same as province or territory of residence	20,710	9,555	11,155	560	280	280
Different than province or territory of residence	1,220	545	680	200	70	130
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,375	1,290	1,085	80	45	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	445	225	225	45	25	20
Philippines	155	35	120	0	0	0
India	115	55	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	590	430	160	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	25	0	20	0	0	0
Other	1,035	545	490	25	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	32,935	16,065	16,865	940	445	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,860	7,445	6,415	290	155	130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,075	8,620	10,455	650	290	360
Location of study inside Canada	17,535	7,895	9,640	600	265	335
Same as province or territory of residence	16,590	7,475	9,120	450	220	230
Different than province or territory of residence	945	420	525	145	45	100
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,540	730	810	50	25	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	325	140	180	20	10	10
Philippines	150	30	115	0	0	0
India	110	50	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	265	170	95	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other	665	330	330	25	10	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	49,430	24,400	25,030	1,435	700	730
In the labour force	35,640	18,720	16,920	985	505	480
Employed	33,535	17,645	15,895	850	440	415
Unemployed	2,105	1,080	1,025	140	70	70
Not in the labour force	13,790	5,680	8,110	445	200	250
Participation rate	72.1	76.7	67.6	68.6	72.1	65.8
Employment rate	67.8	72.3	63.5	59.2	62.9	56.8
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.8	6.1	14.2	13.9	14.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	49,430	24,405	25,030	1,435	700	730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	12,635	5,170	7,470	335	150	190
Worked	36,795	19,240	17,560	1,095	560	540
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	20,565	12,060	8,500	550	320	230
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	16,235	7,175	9,055	545	240	310
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.7	42.8	41.2	42.7	39.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	35,640	18,720	16,920	985	505	480
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	590	275	310	10	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	35,055	18,445	16,610	985	505	475
Employee	30,350	15,625	14,720	840	415	420
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,705	2,820	1,890	145	85	55
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	35,640	18,720	16,915	990	505	485
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	590	275	310	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	35,055	18,445	16,605	985	505	480
0 Management occupations	4,275	2,605	1,670	155	95	65
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,115	1,380	3,735	130	30	100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,565	1,255	310	45	35	10
3 Health occupations	1,965	255	1,710	65	10	55
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,780	1,155	2,625	105	20	85
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	815	380	430	15	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	7,800	3,005	4,795	205	90	105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,640	6,160	480	140	140	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,030	745	285	105	75	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,070	1,505	565	20	15	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	35,640	18,725	16,920	985	505	480
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	585	275	310	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	35,055	18,445	16,610	985	505	475
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	985	615	375	140	90	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	65	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	300	250	45	10	0	0
23 Construction	3,430	2,990	430	110	110	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,370	3,190	1,185	45	30	15
41 Wholesale trade	1,695	1,165	530	40	25	15
44-45 Retail trade	3,980	1,910	2,075	115	35	80
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,000	1,375	630	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	600	345	255	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,050	380	670	25	10	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	735	315	415	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,005	915	1,095	45	10	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	10	40	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,785	1,010	780	40	35	10
61 Educational services	2,315	580	1,730	70	15	55
62 Health care and social assistance	3,280	375	2,910	105	25	85
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	750	385	365	20	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,320	780	1,540	75	30	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,475	760	710	30	15	10
91 Public administration	1,855	1,050	810	85	35	55
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	33,535	17,640	15,895	850	435	415
Worked at home	3,105	1,515	1,585	115	55	55
Worked outside Canada	55	40	10	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	4,455	3,330	1,120	115	90	25
Worked at usual place	25,925	12,750	13,180	620	290	330
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,925	12,750	13,175	620	285	330
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,940	2,590	4,350	45	30	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,955	1,950	3,005	515	230	285
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,965	8,170	5,795	55	25	30
Commute to a different province or territory	65	40	30	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30,380	16,085	14,295	735	375	355
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,400	14,260	12,140	690	365	330
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,840	905	935	25	0	20
Public transit	370	140	230	0	0	0
Walked	1,390	575	810	15	10	10
Bicycle	115	85	25	0	0	0
Other method	265	120	150	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30,380	16,085	14,300	730	380	355
Less than 15 minutes	8,515	3,320	5,200	135	80	55
15 to 29 minutes	5,480	2,445	3,035	355	170	190
30 to 44 minutes	4,820	2,785	2,030	190	100	90
45 to 59 minutes	4,650	2,910	1,745	35	15	20
60 minutes and over	6,915	4,630	2,285	20	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30,380	16,085	14,295	735	380	355
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,015	3,095	925	35	15	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,845	3,655	2,190	115	60	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,790	3,370	3,430	345	180	165
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,430	1,865	3,565	95	40	50
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,645	955	1,695	55	30	25
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,645	3,150	2,500	95	45	45
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	37,740	19,710	18,025	1,110	565	545
Single responses	37,595	19,665	17,930	1,100	560	540
Official languages	37,445	19,575	17,870	1,100	560	540
English	37,265	19,530	17,735	1,090	565	530
French	180	45	135	10	0	0
Non-official languages	145	85	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	145	90	60	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	80	45	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	40	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	25	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	145	50	100	10	0	10
English and French	85	20	60	10	0	10
English and non-official language	65	25	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	37,740	19,710	18,030	1,110	565	550
None	36,815	19,275	17,540	1,060	530	525
English	195	90	105	10	0	0
French	345	120	225	40	25	15
Non-official language	370	220	150	0	10	0
Aboriginal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	365	220	150	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	60,195	29,835	30,360	1,710	820	890
Non-movers	52,135	26,055	26,085	1,560	750	810
Movers	8,060	3,785	4,270	145	70	75
Non-migrants	2,455	1,165	1,290	40	30	10
Migrants	5,600	2,620	2,980	105	40	60
Internal migrants	5,480	2,555	2,925	105	40	65
Intraprovincial migrants	5,300	2,475	2,830	45	25	25
Interprovincial migrants	175	75	100	55	15	40
External migrants	120	65	55	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	57,285	28,370	28,910	1,635	790	845
Non-movers	34,955	17,480	17,475	1,195	580	615
Movers	22,330	10,895	11,435	440	205	235
Non-migrants	7,335	3,565	3,775	145	70	70
Migrants	14,990	7,330	7,660	300	130	165
Internal migrants	14,480	7,095	7,380	275	120	155
Intraprovincial migrants	13,970	6,850	7,125	195	80	110
Interprovincial migrants	510	245	265	85	40	45
External migrants	515	240	280	20	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Dufferin, CTY [Census division], Ontario and Lot 24, LOT [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario and Lot 24, Township and royalty [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island

Census Profile, 2016 Census Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario and Lot 24, Township and royalty [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Dufferin, County [Census division], Ontario and Lot 24, Township and royalty [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island