Census Profile, 2016 Census
Guelph, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cameron, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Guelph, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Cameron, RM Manitoba [Dissolved census subdivision]
	Data quality , Guelph, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Guelph, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Cameron, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	131,794	...	...	439	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	121,688	...	...	420	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.3	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	55,927	...	...	156	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	52,090	...	...	129	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,511.1	...	...	0.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	87.22	...	...	759.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	131,790	64,100	67,690	435	225	215
0 to 14 years	22,670	11,640	11,030	115	60	55
0 to 4 years	7,505	3,875	3,630	40	20	25
5 to 9 years	7,710	3,930	3,780	35	20	15
10 to 14 years	7,460	3,830	3,625	40	20	20
15 to 64 years	89,895	44,230	45,665	255	125	130
15 to 19 years	8,050	4,060	3,995	30	10	20
20 to 24 years	10,080	5,045	5,030	15	10	5
25 to 29 years	9,840	4,925	4,920	20	15	5
30 to 34 years	9,450	4,635	4,815	20	10	10
35 to 39 years	8,800	4,340	4,460	20	10	15
40 to 44 years	8,895	4,285	4,615	30	10	10
45 to 49 years	9,035	4,435	4,605	25	10	15
50 to 54 years	9,670	4,830	4,835	35	15	20
55 to 59 years	8,825	4,255	4,565	30	20	10
60 to 64 years	7,255	3,430	3,825	30	15	15
65 years and over	19,225	8,235	10,995	65	35	30
65 to 69 years	6,075	2,805	3,265	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	4,360	1,950	2,410	15	10	5
75 to 79 years	3,190	1,350	1,845	15	5	10
80 to 84 years	2,530	1,080	1,455	10	5	5
85 years and over	3,075	1,050	2,020	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	1,955	760	1,190	5	0	5
90 to 94 years	905	240	665	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	195	45	145	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.2	18.2	16.3	26.4	26.7	25.6
15 to 64 years	68.2	69.0	67.5	58.6	55.6	60.5
65 years and over	14.6	12.8	16.2	14.9	15.6	14.0
85 years and over	2.3	1.6	3.0	1.1	0.0	2.3
Average age of the population	39.3	38.1	40.4	37.5	38.0	37.0
Median age of the population	38.3	36.9	39.5	37.9	38.5	37.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	52,090	...	...	125	...	...
Single-detached house	26,485	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5,540	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	20,065	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,410	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	7,255	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,415	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,925	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	52,090	...	...	130	...	...
1 person	14,045	...	...	30	...	...
2 persons	17,000	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	8,465	...	...	10	...	...
4 persons	8,235	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	4,340	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	130,085	...	...	330	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	109,125	52,465	56,655	325	165	160
Married or living common law	61,790	30,805	30,985	225	115	115
Married	51,040	25,445	25,600	210	105	105
Living common law	10,745	5,355	5,390	15	5	10
Not married and not living common law	47,335	21,660	25,675	95	50	45
Never married	31,690	16,740	14,950	75	40	35
Separated	3,285	1,350	1,935	10	5	0
Divorced	6,560	2,425	4,135	5	5	0
Widowed	5,800	1,140	4,655	10	0	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	36,315	...	...	100	...	...
2 persons	17,300	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	8,115	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	7,925	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	2,975	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	36,315	...	...	100	...	...
Total couple families	30,290	...	...	95	...	...
Married couples	24,920	...	...	85	...	...
Common-law couples	5,375	...	...	5	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,020	...	...	5	...	...
Female parent	4,825	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	1,195	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30,295	...	...	95	...	...
Couples without children	13,720	...	...	55	...	...
Couples with children	16,575	...	...	45	...	...
1 child	6,285	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	7,445	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	2,840	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,025	...	...	5	...	...
1 child	3,580	...	...	0	...	...
2 children	1,825	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	615	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	23,720	11,055	12,665	35	20	10
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	52,090	...	...	130	...	...
One-census-family households	34,305	...	...	100	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,910	...	...	50	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,395	...	...	50	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	985	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,800	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	14,050	...	...	25	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,750	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	130,780	63,725	67,055	440	225	210
English only	117,190	58,140	59,050	405	210	190
French only	75	35	35	0	0	0
English and French	11,755	4,880	6,875	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	1,760	670	1,095	20	10	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	130,780	63,730	67,055	440	225	210
English	126,850	62,065	64,785	405	210	195
French	1,660	760	895	10	5	10
English and French	545	250	295	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,730	655	1,075	20	10	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,930	885	1,045	15	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.4	1.6	3.4	2.2	2.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	130,780	63,725	67,050	440	225	210
Single responses	128,460	62,630	65,830	440	225	210
Official languages	102,650	50,275	52,370	315	160	150
English	101,015	49,525	51,490	300	150	145
French	1,635	750	885	15	10	5
Non-official languages	25,810	12,350	13,460	125	65	60
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,795	12,345	13,450	125	70	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,395	785	615	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Bilen	15	15	5	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	60	30	25	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,310	730	575	0	0	0
Amharic	195	110	85	0	0	0
Arabic	760	410	355	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	275	170	100	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,835	870	965	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	140	65	75	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,690	800	890	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,825	785	1,040	5	0	0
Bikol	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	80	35	45	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	30	5	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	15	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	65	30	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,560	675	880	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	550	275	280	0	0	0
Kannada	40	20	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	155	85	75	0	0	0
Tamil	335	160	175	0	0	0
Telugu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,485	6,925	7,560	120	60	55
Albanian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Armenian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,880	1,300	1,575	0	0	0
Baltic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,825	1,275	1,550	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	175	85	90	0	0	0
Czech	95	40	55	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Polish	1,305	580	725	0	0	0
Russian	275	120	150	0	0	0
Serbian	480	235	240	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Slovak	60	30	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	20	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	195	85	115	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,820	850	975	120	60	55
Afrikaans	30	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	55	30	30	0	0	0
Dutch	685	330	355	0	0	5
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	960	430	530	110	60	55
Icelandic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	5	15	5	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	220	110	110	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5,150	2,590	2,555	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,925	1,990	1,935	0	0	0
Bengali	290	155	135	0	0	0
Gujarati	610	310	300	0	0	0
Hindi	360	180	180	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	35	15	20	0	0	0
Nepali	280	135	145	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	25	5	15	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,585	795	795	0	0	0
Sindhi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	135	65	70	0	0	0
Urdu	555	300	260	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,205	590	610	0	0	0
Kurdish	80	40	40	0	0	0
Pashto	150	75	75	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	975	475	500	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,275	2,010	2,265	5	0	0
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,205	1,040	1,160	0	0	0
Portuguese	395	190	205	0	0	0
Romanian	285	135	150	0	0	0
Spanish	1,385	640	745	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	115	50	70	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	260	120	140	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	160	80	75	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,510	1,670	1,835	0	0	0
Chinese languages	3,505	1,670	1,835	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,165	550	615	0	0	0
Hakka	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,045	970	1,075	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	130	65	65	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	55	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	205	85	120	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	50	15	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	420	200	220	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	330	155	170	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	910	440	475	0	0	0
Estonian	15	5	15	0	0	0
Finnish	45	15	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	850	415	435	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,320	1,100	1,220	5	0	0
English and French	310	135	175	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,905	910	995	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	30	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	130,785	63,730	67,055	440	225	210
Single responses	125,680	61,255	64,425	435	225	215
Official languages	112,360	54,855	57,510	325	165	155
English	111,815	54,625	57,190	320	165	155
French	550	230	315	5	0	5
Non-official languages	13,320	6,400	6,920	120	60	55
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,320	6,400	6,920	115	60	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	840	450	390	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	5	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	805	430	375	0	0	0
Amharic	130	75	60	0	0	0
Arabic	425	210	215	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	5	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	220	135	85	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,320	620	695	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	85	35	50	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,230	585	645	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	775	365	415	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	695	325	370	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	335	165	175	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	45	40	0	0	0
Tamil	210	100	115	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,460	3,060	3,400	110	60	50
Albanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,210	575	635	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,200	570	625	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	520	240	275	0	0	0
Russian	155	80	80	0	0	0
Serbian	290	140	150	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	75	80	110	60	55
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	15	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	110	50	55	105	60	55
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	35	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,360	1,630	1,725	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,585	1,275	1,310	0	0	0
Bengali	175	90	85	0	0	0
Gujarati	405	200	210	0	0	0
Hindi	205	105	100	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	220	110	115	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,125	550	575	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Urdu	335	170	165	0	0	0
Iranian languages	755	345	410	0	0	0
Kurdish	55	20	35	0	0	0
Pashto	65	35	35	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	640	295	345	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,570	700	870	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	615	255	360	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	50	65	0	0	0
Romanian	130	60	65	0	0	0
Spanish	715	335	380	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	170	85	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,455	1,180	1,275	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,455	1,180	1,270	0	0	0
Cantonese	780	365	415	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,540	750	785	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	115	50	70	0	0	0
Lao	95	40	50	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	250	110	140	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	205	90	110	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	430	215	210	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	415	215	205	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5,100	2,475	2,625	0	0	0
English and French	205	95	115	0	0	0
English and non-official language	4,780	2,340	2,445	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	85	30	55	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	130,780	63,730	67,050	435	225	215
None	114,825	56,185	58,635	325	165	160
English	6,115	3,010	3,100	95	55	40
French	1,885	780	1,105	5	0	5
Non-official language	7,610	3,570	4,040	15	10	5
Aboriginal	10	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,605	3,565	4,035	15	10	5
English and French	40	15	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	170	100	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	130	65	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	107,445	51,855	55,590	260	135	125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	103,635	49,980	53,655	255	135	125
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,540	44,714	31,710	34,688	36,608	28,992
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	103,650	49,985	53,665	255	135	120
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,754	39,375	29,083	29,888	32,320	26,624
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	95,850	46,980	48,870	250	130	120
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,139	44,383	29,023	27,104	32,704	22,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,060	31,000	41,065	175	90	90
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,114	1,075	4,427	5,296	4,112	5,696
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	81,345	41,235	40,110	220	120	100
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,388	44,983	30,605	22,720	27,584	20,672
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	107,445	51,845	55,600	230	120	105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,690	49,940	53,755	210	115	95
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,430	54,732	40,647	43,440	49,817	35,927
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	103,700	49,945	53,755	210	115	95
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,429	44,736	34,498	37,953	43,924	30,918
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	96,060	47,080	48,980	210	110	95
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,171	54,121	38,530	38,162	44,202	31,046
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,960	31,055	40,905	150	75	70
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,711	5,966	7,276	7,405	8,284	6,474
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,345	41,195	40,150	185	100	85
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,089	53,049	38,949	34,463	37,638	30,679
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	107,445	51,840	55,600	230	125	105
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	41,725	23,445	18,280	100	75	25
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,248	60,618	49,277	24,215	21,467	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,880	71,184	59,078	42,660	43,715	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.1	93.3	86.0	85.2	89.4	83.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.0	79.9	70.8	68.1	70.4	64.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.9	6.7	14.0	12.9	10.8	15.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	107,445	51,860	55,590	260	135	125
Without total income	3,810	1,875	1,935	5	0	5
With total income	103,635	49,980	53,650	255	130	125
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.5	98.1	96.3	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,570	5,745	7,825	30	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	16,050	6,290	9,765	40	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	13,465	5,335	8,130	35	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	11,475	5,025	6,450	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	11,570	5,395	6,175	35	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	9,560	4,955	4,605	15	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	7,030	3,880	3,150	20	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	5,065	2,980	2,080	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	4,060	2,490	1,575	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	3,375	1,940	1,440	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	8,410	5,955	2,455	5	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	5,810	4,015	1,795	5	5	0
$150,000 and over	2,605	1,940	665	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	107,445	51,860	55,590	260	135	125
Without after-tax income	3,795	1,875	1,920	5	0	5
With after-tax income	103,650	49,980	53,670	255	130	120
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.4	96.5	98.1	96.3	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,955	5,835	8,115	35	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	16,790	6,595	10,195	45	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	15,685	6,380	9,300	50	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	14,695	6,685	8,015	50	30	25
$40,000 to $49,999	13,495	6,770	6,720	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	9,265	5,070	4,200	25	15	5
$60,000 to $69,999	6,505	3,885	2,615	10	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	4,830	2,865	1,960	5	0	0
$80,000 and over	8,430	5,900	2,535	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,825	1,870	960	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,725	1,195	530	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	3,875	2,835	1,045	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	107,445	51,860	55,590	265	135	130
Without employment income	26,100	10,625	15,480	40	15	25
With employment income	81,345	41,230	40,110	220	120	100
Percentage with employment income	75.7	79.5	72.2	83.0	88.9	76.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,860	4,410	5,445	45	25	15
$5,000 to $9,999	6,795	2,830	3,965	15	0	10
$10,000 to $19,999	9,995	4,260	5,740	40	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	8,035	3,430	4,605	25	15	15
$30,000 to $39,999	8,090	3,605	4,485	25	15	10
$40,000 to $49,999	8,770	4,290	4,480	25	15	10
$50,000 to $59,999	7,440	4,030	3,410	20	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,405	3,160	2,240	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,080	2,470	1,610	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	12,880	8,745	4,135	10	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,285	2,070	1,215	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,880	1,690	1,190	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	6,715	4,990	1,725	5	5	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	52,090	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,984	...	...	67,456	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,829	...	...	58,496	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,050	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,667	...	...	33,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,190	...	...	29,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	38,040	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,334	...	...	82,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,345	...	...	70,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,416	...	...	79,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,495	...	...	69,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,050	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,376	...	...	36,442	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,765	...	...	33,123	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	38,035	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	111,795	...	...	97,546	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,803	...	...	84,666	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	52,090	...	...	125	...	...
Under $5,000	615	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	660	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,360	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,555	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,850	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,700	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,800	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,895	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,975	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,145	...	...	0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,950	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,860	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,355	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,295	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,080	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,000	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,285	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,415	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,845	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,450	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	52,090	...	...	130	...	...
Under $5,000	660	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	660	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,385	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,615	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,095	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,900	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,150	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,395	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,540	...	...	0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,510	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,715	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,315	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,025	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,790	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,275	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,060	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,030	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,600	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,435	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	35,875	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,026	...	...	82,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,743	...	...	70,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,650	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,554	...	...	59,776	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,181	...	...	51,904	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,640	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,371	...	...	102,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,061	...	...	86,016	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,615	...	...	5	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,112	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,832	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	35,925	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,708	...	...	97,546	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,223	...	...	84,666	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,580	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	100,431	...	...	63,012	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,246	...	...	54,803	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,790	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,411	...	...	125,570	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,285	...	...	108,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,525	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,024	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,518	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	21,030	9,925	11,105	35	20	10
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,532	36,085	31,640	37,632	42,112	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,629	32,395	29,258	32,256	33,600	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	20,860	9,770	11,100	35	25	0
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,661	43,721	39,848	36,442	0	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,459	36,627	34,431	33,123	0	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	130,085	63,475	66,610	335	170	160
In the bottom half of the distribution	57,495	27,155	30,345	180	95	85
In the bottom decile	11,295	5,250	6,040	40	20	20
In the second decile	10,075	4,450	5,625	40	20	15
In the third decile	10,995	5,205	5,790	30	10	15
In the fourth decile	11,765	5,670	6,090	45	25	20
In the fifth decile	13,370	6,570	6,795	30	15	15
In the top half of the distribution	72,590	36,325	36,260	150	75	75
In the sixth decile	14,110	6,900	7,210	50	25	25
In the seventh decile	14,595	7,215	7,380	50	25	25
In the eighth decile	15,380	7,735	7,640	25	15	15
In the ninth decile	15,880	7,970	7,910	20	10	10
In the top decile	12,625	6,510	6,120	5	0	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	130,085	63,480	66,610	335	170	160
0 to 17 years	27,190	13,935	13,260	85	40	45
0 to 5 years	8,995	4,625	4,370	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	84,955	41,700	43,260	190	95	95
65 years and over	17,935	7,850	10,090	60	35	25
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,445	6,410	8,035	70	40	30
0 to 17 years	3,595	1,850	1,745	25	15	5
0 to 5 years	1,280	655	620	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	9,185	4,010	5,170	30	15	15
65 years and over	1,665	550	1,120	20	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.1	10.1	12.1	20.9	23.5	18.8
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	13.3	13.2	29.4	37.5	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	14.2	14.2	14.2	40.0	66.7	50.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	9.6	12.0	15.8	15.8	15.8
65 years and over (%)	9.3	7.0	11.1	33.3	28.6	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,570	4,510	5,055	20	10	10
0 to 17 years	1,945	1,025	925	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	705	390	315	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	7,245	3,335	3,905	5	0	5
65 years and over	380	150	225	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.1	7.6	6.0	5.9	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	7.4	7.0	5.9	12.5	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	8.4	7.2	0.0	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	8.0	9.0	2.6	0.0	5.3
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.9	2.2	8.3	14.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	130,090	63,475	66,610	315	160	155
Official languages	128,345	62,845	65,495	315	160	155
English	128,255	62,810	65,450	315	160	155
French	11,780	4,690	7,090	15	0	10
Non-official languages	31,875	15,295	16,580	30	25	10
Aboriginal languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	31,845	15,275	16,570	35	25	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,810	965	845	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Bilen	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	70	25	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,715	920	795	0	0	0
Amharic	300	175	130	0	0	0
Arabic	935	500	435	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	145	75	75	0	0	0
Maltese	70	35	40	0	0	0
Tigrigna	330	195	135	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	2,045	980	1,060	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	135	65	75	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,925	925	1,000	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,270	1,030	1,240	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	110	45	70	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	50	0	45	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	135	65	70	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,090	955	1,135	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	60	35	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	575	290	285	0	0	0
Kannada	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malayalam	150	85	70	0	0	0
Tamil	380	185	190	0	0	0
Telugu	45	20	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	19,355	9,175	10,185	20	15	0
Albanian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Armenian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,680	1,725	1,955	0	0	0
Baltic languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,615	1,700	1,915	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	45	45	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Croatian	300	155	145	0	0	0
Czech	130	65	65	0	0	0
Macedonian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Polish	1,570	725	845	0	0	0
Russian	535	240	295	0	0	0
Serbian	810	405	405	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Slovak	85	55	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	75	30	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	185	75	110	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	35	20	15	0	0	0
Welsh	15	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,645	1,245	1,400	20	10	0
Afrikaans	70	35	30	0	0	0
Danish	60	20	45	0	0	0
Dutch	735	350	385	0	0	0
Frisian	15	0	10	0	0	0
German	1,745	850	895	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	40	10	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	15	10	10	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	390	175	210	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,305	3,185	3,125	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,990	2,545	2,445	0	0	0
Bengali	355	200	155	0	0	0
Gujarati	705	315	390	0	0	0
Hindi	1,755	915	835	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	10	0	0	0	0
Konkani	25	20	10	0	0	0
Marathi	75	30	40	0	0	0
Nepali	290	140	150	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,110	1,065	1,050	0	0	0
Sindhi	50	20	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	185	90	90	0	0	0
Urdu	940	530	410	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,405	680	730	0	0	0
Kurdish	60	30	35	0	0	0
Pashto	230	125	105	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,180	560	620	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	0	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	6,625	2,965	3,660	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,985	1,400	1,585	0	0	0
Portuguese	675	325	355	0	0	0
Romanian	360	150	210	0	0	0
Spanish	2,770	1,145	1,620	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	225	120	100	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	235	110	125	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	370	225	145	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	25	15	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	20	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	160	100	65	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	75	40	35	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Dinka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	285	95	185	15	10	10
American Sign Language	145	55	90	20	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	145	40	105	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,185	2,015	2,170	0	0	0
Chinese languages	4,180	2,015	2,165	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,505	720	785	0	0	0
Hakka	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,755	1,310	1,445	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	155	80	80	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	155	75	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	330	185	145	0	0	0
Lao	260	150	110	0	0	0
Thai	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	600	305	290	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	170	100	75	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	415	205	210	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages	1,080	485	595	0	0	0
Estonian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Finnish	30	20	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,015	450	565	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	130,090	63,475	66,610	315	160	155
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	122,575	59,870	62,705	315	160	155
Canadian citizens aged under 18	26,380	13,530	12,845	100	40	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	96,195	46,340	49,860	215	120	95
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	7,510	3,605	3,905	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	130,085	63,475	66,610	315	160	155
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	100,395	49,105	51,285	315	160	155
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	28,085	13,605	14,485	0	0	0
Before 1981	8,690	4,060	4,630	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	3,575	1,875	1,695	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	5,270	2,525	2,740	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	6,970	3,400	3,570	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,695	1,895	1,800	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	3,270	1,510	1,765	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,585	1,735	1,850	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,610	770	840	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	28,085	13,600	14,485	0	0	0
Under 5 years	2,980	1,510	1,475	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,195	2,745	2,445	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	6,150	2,850	3,295	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	11,715	5,635	6,080	0	0	0
45 years and over	2,050	860	1,185	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	28,085	13,605	14,485	0	0	0
Americas	3,120	1,415	1,705	0	0	0
Brazil	110	50	65	0	0	0
Colombia	155	65	90	0	0	0
El Salvador	170	80	80	0	0	0
Guyana	155	75	85	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	230	125	105	0	0	0
Mexico	190	90	105	0	0	0
Peru	95	45	55	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	165	85	85	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,095	430	665	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	745	370	375	0	0	0
Europe	10,670	5,065	5,605	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	185	85	105	0	0	0
Croatia	235	135	100	0	0	0
France	115	60	55	0	0	0
Germany	640	310	330	0	0	0
Greece	145	70	75	0	0	0
Hungary	250	135	120	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	205	80	125	0	0	0
Italy	1,390	670	720	0	0	0
Netherlands	665	325	335	0	0	0
Poland	1,050	470	580	0	0	0
Portugal	210	110	100	0	0	0
Romania	350	155	195	0	0	0
Russian Federation	170	75	100	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	585	285	305	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	45	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,495	1,680	1,815	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	880	380	500	0	0	0
Africa	1,640	880	765	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	185	70	110	0	0	0
Ethiopia	245	150	95	0	0	0
Kenya	130	55	75	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	95	50	45	0	0	0
Somalia	45	15	30	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	220	110	110	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	705	405	300	0	0	0
Asia	12,540	6,180	6,360	0	0	0
Afghanistan	700	360	340	0	0	0
Bangladesh	255	135	120	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,665	750	920	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	140	65	70	0	0	0
India	2,410	1,200	1,205	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	410	215	190	0	0	0
Iraq	105	55	40	0	0	0
Japan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	145	80	65	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	40	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	775	415	360	0	0	0
Philippines	2,090	985	1,105	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	340	175	160	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	55	55	0	0	0
Taiwan	135	55	80	0	0	0
Viet Nam	1,710	775	935	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,445	795	650	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	115	70	45	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,580	1,735	1,850	0	0	0
Americas	255	105	150	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	20	0	0	0
Cuba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	35	45	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	75	30	50	0	0	0
Europe	365	195	170	0	0	0
France	40	30	10	0	0	0
Germany	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	95	70	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	125	60	65	0	0	0
Africa	475	265	210	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	15	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	185	100	85	0	0	0
Ethiopia	95	60	35	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	15	20	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	45	40	0	0	0
Asia	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Afghanistan	35	15	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	25	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	365	160	200	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	460	220	235	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	65	35	35	0	0	0
Iraq	25	15	10	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	60	25	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	130	65	70	0	0	0
Philippines	790	370	420	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	55	25	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	155	70	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	150	55	90	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	130,090	63,475	66,610	315	160	155
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	30,470	14,775	15,695	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	28,465	13,920	14,540	25	10	15
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	71,155	34,780	36,370	295	150	140
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	19,815	9,780	10,035	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	9,205	4,760	4,445	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,475	2,295	1,175	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,730	2,465	3,265	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	6,420	2,595	3,830	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	4,050	2,360	1,690	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	140	60	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	130,085	63,480	66,610	315	160	155
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,905	820	1,090	25	10	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,830	800	1,030	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,015	440	580	0	0	0
Métis	795	350	445	25	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	15	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	128,180	62,660	65,520	290	145	145
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	130,090	63,480	66,610	315	160	155
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	455	175	275	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	129,630	63,295	66,330	310	160	155
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	130,090	63,480	66,610	310	160	155
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	300	140	160	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	295	130	155	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	240	105	135	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	45	15	25	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,570	1,545	2,035	20	15	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,470	1,495	1,975	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,500	1,080	1,420	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	940	405	540	20	15	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	105	45	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	40	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	126,215	61,795	64,420	295	145	145
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	130,085	63,475	66,610	315	160	155
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	24,455	12,235	12,215	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	6,500	3,320	3,175	0	0	0
Chinese	4,205	1,955	2,255	0	0	0
Black	2,885	1,555	1,330	0	0	0
Filipino	2,845	1,380	1,470	0	0	0
Latin American	1,345	620	725	0	0	0
Arab	760	400	360	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	2,440	1,260	1,180	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,530	775	755	0	0	0
Korean	315	165	150	0	0	0
Japanese	190	95	100	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	325	170	155	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,115	550	565	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	105,640	51,240	54,395	315	155	155
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	130,085	63,475	66,610	315	160	155
North American Aboriginal origins	3,870	1,685	2,190	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,855	1,240	1,610	0	0	0
Inuit	55	30	25	0	0	0
Métis	1,075	465	605	20	15	0
Other North American origins	35,295	17,305	17,995	145	65	80
Acadian	260	135	120	0	0	0
American	1,610	750	865	0	0	0
Canadian	33,945	16,605	17,340	140	65	75
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	160	115	45	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Ontarian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Québécois	55	35	25	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	94,400	45,470	48,930	245	130	120
British Isles origins	65,840	31,505	34,335	190	105	85
Channel Islander	25	10	20	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	10	0	0	0
English	38,450	18,220	20,230	165	90	80
Irish	28,345	13,210	15,140	70	40	30
Manx	45	20	25	0	0	0
Scottish	30,185	14,225	15,965	105	60	50
Welsh	3,060	1,435	1,625	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,570	2,125	2,445	0	0	0
French origins	12,185	5,590	6,595	55	20	30
Alsatian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	12,165	5,590	6,575	55	25	30
Western European origins (except French origins)	25,620	12,260	13,360	70	35	40
Austrian	890	465	420	20	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	650	330	320	20	15	10
Dutch	7,440	3,550	3,890	0	0	0
Flemish	60	25	30	0	0	0
Frisian	70	25	40	0	0	0
German	18,035	8,565	9,465	25	10	15
Luxembourger	20	10	20	0	0	0
Swiss	805	410	400	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,920	1,390	1,525	20	20	0
Danish	675	330	345	0	0	0
Finnish	695	345	345	0	0	0
Icelandic	175	75	100	15	15	0
Norwegian	715	350	365	0	0	0
Swedish	680	295	385	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	160	95	65	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,910	6,535	7,375	30	10	25
Bulgarian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	555	270	290	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	170	95	80	0	0	0
Estonian	110	75	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,650	1,255	1,395	0	0	0
Latvian	195	125	75	0	0	0
Lithuanian	355	160	190	0	0	0
Moldovan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Polish	5,770	2,705	3,065	20	10	15
Romanian	815	350	460	0	0	0
Russian	1,520	725	790	0	0	0
Slovak	425	220	205	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,425	1,555	1,875	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	18,675	9,255	9,420	15	0	10
Albanian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	125	45	85	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	585	325	260	0	0	0
Cypriot	45	30	15	0	0	0
Greek	1,145	545	600	0	0	0
Italian	12,730	6,230	6,500	10	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	120	70	50	0	0	0
Maltese	295	130	170	0	0	0
Montenegrin	25	0	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,570	890	680	0	0	0
Serbian	855	435	415	0	0	0
Sicilian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	380	195	180	0	0	0
Spanish	1,540	725	815	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	130	40	90	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	705	380	320	0	0	0
Basque	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	435	240	200	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	220	115	105	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,890	980	910	0	0	0
Antiguan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Barbadian	195	105	95	0	0	0
Bermudan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	150	80	65	0	0	0
Dominican	50	25	25	0	0	0
Grenadian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	755	385	365	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	355	180	180	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	50	30	15	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	270	170	100	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	65	45	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,300	1,080	1,220	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	65	35	35	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	200	80	120	0	0	0
Chilean	100	50	50	0	0	0
Colombian	220	85	130	0	0	0
Costa Rican	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	135	70	65	0	0	0
Guatemalan	75	10	65	0	0	0
Guyanese	215	100	110	0	0	0
Hispanic	50	25	30	0	0	0
Honduran	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maya	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	375	170	210	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	70	35	40	0	0	0
Panamanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Peruvian	180	95	85	0	0	0
Salvadorean	240	115	125	0	0	0
Uruguayan	65	30	35	0	0	0
Venezuelan	80	40	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	155	85	70	0	0	0
African origins	2,770	1,485	1,290	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	395	225	165	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	85	40	45	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	170	100	70	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	55	25	25	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	20	0	0	0	0
North African origins	655	360	295	0	0	0
Algerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	340	185	150	0	0	0
Libyan	55	35	25	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	40	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	195	100	95	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,125	615	510	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	310	195	115	0	0	0
Ethiopian	295	140	155	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	105	45	55	0	0	0
South African	235	120	110	0	0	0
Tanzanian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	670	315	350	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	115	40	75	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	560	280	280	0	0	0
Asian origins	20,895	10,365	10,535	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,310	1,690	1,625	0	0	10
Afghan	1,055	525	530	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	230	110	125	0	0	0
Armenian	135	65	70	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	15	15	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	610	300	315	0	0	0
Iraqi	95	60	40	0	0	0
Israeli	85	45	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	40	25	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	405	240	170	10	0	10
Palestinian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Pashtun	70	40	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Syrian	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tajik	50	25	30	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	245	140	105	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	260	125	135	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	80	40	40	0	0	0
South Asian origins	6,745	3,405	3,340	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	195	105	90	0	0	0
Bengali	70	40	30	0	0	0
Bhutanese	105	50	55	0	0	0
East Indian	4,555	2,270	2,290	0	0	0
Goan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	250	125	130	0	0	0
Pakistani	830	450	375	0	0	0
Punjabi	570	300	270	0	0	0
Sinhalese	90	30	55	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	430	210	225	0	0	0
Tamil	30	10	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	325	165	160	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	11,090	5,360	5,725	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	190	95	95	0	0	0
Chinese	5,365	2,560	2,805	0	0	0
Filipino	2,960	1,415	1,545	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Japanese	300	145	160	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	330	170	160	0	0	0
Laotian	265	155	115	0	0	0
Malaysian	100	45	60	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	165	85	80	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	2,405	1,190	1,210	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	25	0	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	75	40	30	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Oceania origins	255	105	145	0	0	0
Australian	170	75	95	0	0	0
New Zealander	60	20	40	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	15	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
Owner	35,060	...	...	100	...	...
Renter	17,030	...	...	15	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
Condominium	7,665	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	44,425	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
No bedrooms	190	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,360	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,310	...	...	15	...	...
3 bedrooms	21,745	...	...	50	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,480	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,675	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	8,240	...	...	20	...	...
6 rooms	8,540	...	...	10	...	...
7 rooms	7,490	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	15,150	...	...	60	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
One person or fewer per room	51,365	...	...	120	...	...
More than 1 person per room	725	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
Suitable	50,035	...	...	120	...	...
Not suitable	2,060	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
1960 or before	11,415	...	...	55	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,860	...	...	30	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,760	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,390	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,815	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,320	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,525	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	49,500	...	...	110	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,585	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	52,090	...	...	115	...	...
1 household maintainer	28,215	...	...	90	...	...
2 household maintainers	22,275	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,600	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	52,090	...	...	120	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,430	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,540	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,630	...	...	25	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,635	...	...	20	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,425	...	...	25	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,250	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,445	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	1,730	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	52,065	...	...	60	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	39,455	...	...	50	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,615	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	11,060	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	35,060	...	...	50	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.9	...	...	36.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,412	...	...	524	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,434	...	...	543	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	399,786	...	...	119,814	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	426,504	...	...	206,580	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,030	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,015	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,050	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	107,445	51,845	55,600	225	120	110
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,920	8,460	8,460	60	35	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	30,120	14,885	15,235	60	40	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60,400	28,495	31,905	105	40	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,440	3,725	1,715	35	20	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,690	1,665	1,030	20	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,745	2,060	690	15	10	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,210	9,530	11,675	50	10	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,075	990	1,080	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	31,685	14,250	17,435	15	0	10
Bachelor's degree	20,170	8,590	11,575	15	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,715	685	1,025	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	840	445	395	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,625	3,000	3,620	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,340	1,520	825	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	71,425	34,860	36,560	150	80	70
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,520	3,650	2,875	20	10	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,595	9,170	8,425	50	35	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,310	22,045	25,265	80	35	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,805	2,630	1,175	30	25	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,890	1,190	695	20	15	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,920	1,440	480	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,580	7,575	9,005	40	10	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,500	765	735	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25,425	11,075	14,350	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree	15,930	6,735	9,195	15	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,350	520	830	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	665	320	345	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,690	2,440	3,250	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,790	1,060	725	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	107,450	51,840	55,605	230	120	105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	47,040	23,350	23,695	125	85	45
Education	3,750	850	2,900	10	0	10
13. Education	3,755	850	2,900	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,250	925	1,325	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	330	255	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,925	670	1,255	0	0	0
Humanities	4,145	1,630	2,515	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	310	65	245	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,140	330	815	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	955	330	625	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	0	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	405	260	145	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	370	215	155	0	0	0
54. History	760	390	375	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	170	35	130	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,760	2,490	5,270	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	140	35	105	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	540	195	345	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,595	135	1,460	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	690	230	465	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	140	35	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,635	385	1,255	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,020	1,480	1,540	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,735	4,380	6,360	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	955	190	765	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,755	4,185	5,575	10	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,690	2,140	2,550	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,865	1,170	1,695	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	695	325	370	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	120	40	85	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	910	585	325	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	25	75	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,280	1,560	720	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,540	1,160	380	0	0	0
25. Library science	200	40	160	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	520	340	180	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,975	9,775	1,200	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	680	430	250	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,715	2,245	465	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,460	2,185	275	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,520	1,465	50	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,005	1,945	60	15	10	0
48. Precision production	1,590	1,500	90	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,275	1,295	980	10	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,605	935	670	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	670	360	305	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,115	1,760	6,355	35	0	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	980	480	500	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,925	1,155	5,770	30	0	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	205	125	85	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,405	1,690	1,715	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,845	525	1,320	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,120	755	365	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	415	390	25	0	0	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	71,425	34,865	36,560	150	80	75
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	24,115	12,815	11,295	70	45	25
Education	2,780	615	2,165	10	0	0
13. Education	2,780	615	2,165	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,855	760	1,100	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	275	210	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,585	545	1,035	0	0	0
Humanities	3,115	1,225	1,895	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	240	50	185	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	860	270	590	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	715	240	475	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	0	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	320	210	110	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	210	120	90	0	0	0
54. History	630	310	325	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	25	100	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,190	1,905	4,290	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	120	40	85	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	485	180	305	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,230	85	1,145	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	590	160	430	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	125	35	90	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,215	240	975	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	2,430	1,175	1,255	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,590	3,475	5,115	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	805	145	660	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,755	3,320	4,435	0	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,575	1,560	2,015	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,195	880	1,315	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	520	220	300	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	110	30	75	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	695	415	280	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	15	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,935	1,315	620	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,345	1,005	340	0	0	0
25. Library science	145	20	125	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	420	270	150	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,430	7,375	1,060	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	550	335	210	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,170	1,740	430	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,910	1,680	230	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,110	1,060	50	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,490	1,445	45	10	15	0
48. Precision production	1,205	1,120	85	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,870	1,030	845	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,295	715	580	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	580	315	260	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,240	1,395	4,850	25	0	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	780	390	390	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,315	925	4,390	25	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	145	80	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,705	1,395	1,305	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,445	435	1,010	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	895	620	275	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	355	340	20	0	0	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	107,450	51,840	55,600	230	125	105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,045	23,350	23,695	125	85	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	60,405	28,495	31,910	105	40	65
Location of study inside Canada	50,565	23,565	26,995	100	40	60
Same as province or territory of residence	47,150	21,915	25,235	90	35	60
Different than province or territory of residence	3,415	1,655	1,765	10	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	9,840	4,930	4,915	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,710	910	805	0	0	0
Philippines	870	350	520	0	0	0
India	1,040	495	550	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,325	755	565	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	770	380	390	0	0	0
France	60	30	35	0	0	0
Other	4,060	2,010	2,050	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	71,425	34,860	36,560	155	80	75
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,115	12,815	11,295	65	45	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,310	22,045	25,265	85	35	50
Location of study inside Canada	39,930	18,550	21,375	85	35	50
Same as province or territory of residence	37,440	17,385	20,060	75	35	45
Different than province or territory of residence	2,485	1,170	1,320	10	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,380	3,495	3,890	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,210	580	630	0	0	0
Philippines	775	310	465	0	0	0
India	885	410	475	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	615	340	275	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	685	335	345	0	0	0
France	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other	3,170	1,495	1,680	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	107,445	51,840	55,605	225	120	110
In the labour force	75,685	38,885	36,800	175	100	75
Employed	71,070	36,545	34,535	160	90	70
Unemployed	4,610	2,340	2,265	15	10	10
Not in the labour force	31,765	12,960	18,805	50	20	30
Participation rate	70.4	75.0	66.2	77.8	83.3	68.2
Employment rate	66.1	70.5	62.1	71.1	75.0	63.6
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.0	6.2	8.6	10.0	13.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	107,445	51,840	55,605	230	120	105
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	29,580	12,070	17,510	50	20	30
Worked	77,865	39,775	38,095	180	100	75
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	42,475	23,975	18,505	100	75	25
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	35,385	15,800	19,585	80	25	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	44.2	42.6	44.8	45.0	44.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	75,685	38,880	36,805	175	100	75
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,220	605	615	10	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	74,465	38,280	36,185	170	90	80
Employee	67,765	34,370	33,395	90	30	55
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,695	3,910	2,790	80	60	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	75,685	38,880	36,805	175	100	80
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,220	605	620	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	74,465	38,280	36,185	170	90	80
0 Management occupations	7,550	4,520	3,035	55	35	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,150	3,065	7,090	10	10	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,560	4,170	1,390	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,270	835	3,430	20	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,205	3,460	6,750	10	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,140	1,020	1,120	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	16,195	6,715	9,480	15	0	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,170	8,320	850	25	25	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,025	760	260	25	20	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	8,205	5,415	2,790	10	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	75,680	38,880	36,800	180	100	75
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,220	605	620	10	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	74,465	38,275	36,185	170	90	75
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	630	295	340	55	45	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	80	25	15	10	0
22 Utilities	305	250	55	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,780	3,205	575	10	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	14,310	10,070	4,240	15	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	3,130	2,040	1,090	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	7,710	3,480	4,230	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,600	1,880	715	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,300	715	585	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,785	1,195	1,590	10	10	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,190	570	625	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,355	3,025	2,335	0	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	105	55	50	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,720	1,560	1,160	0	10	0
61 Educational services	8,575	2,875	5,700	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	7,125	1,120	6,000	30	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,550	795	755	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,755	1,890	2,865	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,995	1,360	1,635	0	0	0
91 Public administration	3,440	1,825	1,615	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	71,075	36,540	34,530	160	85	70
Worked at home	4,460	2,190	2,270	80	60	25
Worked outside Canada	275	190	85	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,140	4,310	1,830	0	10	0
Worked at usual place	60,200	29,855	30,350	75	30	45
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	60,200	29,850	30,350	75	30	45
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	41,500	19,000	22,500	35	10	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,865	2,215	1,655	20	10	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,625	8,530	6,095	15	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	210	105	105	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	66,335	34,160	32,180	80	35	45
Car, truck, van - as a driver	51,305	27,225	24,080	65	25	40
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,775	2,115	2,660	10	10	0
Public transit	4,695	2,145	2,550	0	0	0
Walked	3,890	1,665	2,220	0	0	0
Bicycle	1,080	735	345	0	0	0
Other method	595	280	315	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	66,335	34,160	32,180	80	35	45
Less than 15 minutes	24,860	11,540	13,320	40	10	35
15 to 29 minutes	22,115	11,170	10,940	20	10	10
30 to 44 minutes	8,910	5,035	3,880	0	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	4,800	2,740	2,055	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	5,655	3,665	1,985	10	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	66,340	34,160	32,180	75	30	50
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,580	3,260	1,315	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,540	7,490	4,050	15	10	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	15,385	7,685	7,700	15	15	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	15,940	6,200	9,735	35	10	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,315	2,550	3,760	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	12,585	6,970	5,615	0	0	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80,145	40,845	39,300	180	105	80
Single responses	79,565	40,575	38,990	175	100	80
Official languages	79,150	40,390	38,765	180	100	75
English	78,765	40,295	38,470	175	105	75
French	390	95	300	0	0	0
Non-official languages	410	190	225	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	410	185	225	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	15	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	130	55	70	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	40	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	35	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	580	275	310	0	0	0
English and French	220	95	130	0	0	0
English and non-official language	340	170	170	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	80,145	40,845	39,295	175	105	75
None	76,935	39,535	37,405	175	100	75
English	465	140	320	0	0	0
French	1,220	400	825	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,465	735	730	0	0	0
Aboriginal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,450	730	720	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	128,650	62,740	65,910	310	155	155
Non-movers	110,425	53,765	56,660	265	140	125
Movers	18,225	8,975	9,255	45	15	30
Non-migrants	10,995	5,470	5,530	10	10	10
Migrants	7,230	3,505	3,730	30	10	20
Internal migrants	5,860	2,855	3,010	30	10	20
Intraprovincial migrants	5,200	2,525	2,675	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	660	325	335	30	10	20
External migrants	1,370	650	720	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	122,635	59,575	63,065	295	145	150
Non-movers	71,685	34,630	37,060	250	130	120
Movers	50,950	24,945	26,005	45	15	35
Non-migrants	28,665	14,200	14,465	15	10	15
Migrants	22,285	10,745	11,540	30	10	20
Internal migrants	17,710	8,595	9,115	25	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	15,955	7,740	8,215	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,755	855	900	30	10	20
External migrants	4,580	2,155	2,425	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Guelph, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cameron, RM [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Guelph, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cameron, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Guelph, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cameron, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Guelph, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cameron, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba