Census Profile, 2016 Census
Erin, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Erin, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , Erin, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Erin, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	11,439	...	...	84,685	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	10,770	...	...	81,802^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,258	...	...	37,990	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,108	...	...	36,862	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	38.4	...	...	1,635.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	297.76	...	...	51.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	11,435	5,830	5,610	84,675	41,255	43,420
0 to 14 years	1,750	940	810	14,085	7,230	6,855
0 to 4 years	450	250	200	4,625	2,385	2,240
5 to 9 years	595	300	300	5,160	2,630	2,530
10 to 14 years	705	390	315	4,295	2,215	2,080
15 to 64 years	7,965	4,010	3,950	54,735	27,105	27,630
15 to 19 years	850	440	410	4,525	2,260	2,265
20 to 24 years	690	350	340	5,155	2,660	2,500
25 to 29 years	490	255	240	4,980	2,500	2,480
30 to 34 years	450	210	240	5,255	2,605	2,655
35 to 39 years	530	255	275	5,550	2,755	2,790
40 to 44 years	745	355	395	5,215	2,580	2,640
45 to 49 years	990	485	500	5,310	2,605	2,700
50 to 54 years	1,275	655	625	6,295	3,115	3,180
55 to 59 years	1,105	575	530	6,625	3,225	3,395
60 to 64 years	830	425	400	5,825	2,800	3,025
65 years and over	1,725	880	850	15,855	6,925	8,930
65 to 69 years	690	365	325	5,160	2,390	2,770
70 to 74 years	445	225	220	3,940	1,835	2,105
75 to 79 years	275	140	135	2,770	1,255	1,515
80 to 84 years	175	90	85	1,965	820	1,150
85 years and over	145	65	85	2,020	625	1,395
85 to 89 years	105	50	55	1,290	440	855
90 to 94 years	25	10	15	575	155	425
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	130	25	100
100 years and over	5	0	0	20	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.3	16.1	14.4	16.6	17.5	15.8
15 to 64 years	69.7	68.8	70.4	64.6	65.7	63.6
65 years and over	15.1	15.1	15.2	18.7	16.8	20.6
85 years and over	1.3	1.1	1.5	2.4	1.5	3.2
Average age of the population	42.1	41.8	42.4	42.0	40.7	43.2
Median age of the population	46.0	46.1	46.0	42.6	41.1	44.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,105	...	...	36,860	...	...
Single-detached house	3,770	...	...	17,635	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	145	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	235	...	...	18,855	...	...
Semi-detached house	25	...	...	1,340	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	920	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	1,910	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	120	...	...	14,240	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	445	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	100	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,110	...	...	36,860	...	...
1 person	635	...	...	12,285	...	...
2 persons	1,525	...	...	13,010	...	...
3 persons	725	...	...	5,100	...	...
4 persons	795	...	...	4,465	...	...
5 or more persons	415	...	...	2,000	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,400	...	...	82,260	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	9,690	4,890	4,795	70,590	34,025	36,565
Married or living common law	6,310	3,155	3,155	39,410	19,650	19,760
Married	5,290	2,650	2,640	21,015	10,480	10,530
Living common law	1,020	505	515	18,395	9,165	9,230
Not married and not living common law	3,380	1,735	1,645	31,180	14,380	16,805
Never married	2,350	1,305	1,040	20,275	10,895	9,385
Separated	250	135	115	955	405	550
Divorced	415	205	210	5,625	2,155	3,470
Widowed	365	95	270	4,330	925	3,405
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,515	...	...	23,690	...	...
2 persons	1,705	...	...	12,930	...	...
3 persons	745	...	...	4,850	...	...
4 persons	775	...	...	4,295	...	...
5 or more persons	295	...	...	1,610	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,515	...	...	23,690	...	...
Total couple families	3,130	...	...	19,280	...	...
Married couples	2,625	...	...	10,115	...	...
Common-law couples	510	...	...	9,165	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	380	...	...	4,405	...	...
Female parent	275	...	...	3,260	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	1,145	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,135	...	...	19,285	...	...
Couples without children	1,470	...	...	10,120	...	...
Couples with children	1,665	...	...	9,160	...	...
1 child	630	...	...	3,585	...	...
2 children	750	...	...	4,030	...	...
3 or more children	285	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	380	...	...	4,405	...	...
1 child	230	...	...	2,810	...	...
2 children	115	...	...	1,265	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,090	600	490	16,135	7,760	8,375
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,110	...	...	36,865	...	...
One-census-family households	3,250	...	...	23,110	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,345	...	...	9,855	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,905	...	...	13,255	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	130	...	...	285	...	...
Non-census-family households	730	...	...	13,470	...	...
One-person households	635	...	...	12,290	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	90	...	...	1,180	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	11,405	5,815	5,595	83,440	40,800	42,640
English only	10,245	5,305	4,935	410	225	185
French only	0	0	0	48,000	21,715	26,280
English and French	1,135	495	640	34,960	18,835	16,130
Neither English nor French	30	10	20	75	25	45
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	11,405	5,815	5,595	83,445	40,800	42,640
English	11,210	5,715	5,490	2,300	1,170	1,125
French	145	70	70	80,610	39,360	41,245
English and French	25	10	15	470	245	225
Neither English nor French	30	10	20	70	25	45
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	155	75	80	2,535	1,295	1,240
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.4	3.0	3.2	2.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	11,405	5,810	5,595	83,445	40,805	42,645
Single responses	11,290	5,755	5,535	82,505	40,350	42,155
Official languages	10,305	5,265	5,040	80,670	39,425	41,245
English	10,150	5,190	4,965	2,000	1,030	975
French	155	80	75	78,665	38,395	40,275
Non-official languages	980	485	495	1,840	925	915
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	985	485	495	1,830	920	905
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	285	170	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	225	140	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	10	220	140	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	40	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	30	5	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	15	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	50	25	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	875	440	435	1,160	580	580
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	295	140	155	90	35	55
Baltic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	290	135	150	80	30	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	10	0	5
Croatian	60	30	30	10	5	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	120	50	70	20	5	10
Russian	20	10	5	30	5	25
Serbian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	30	20	15	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	230	120	115	145	70	75
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	15	5	10	5	5	0
Dutch	65	35	30	15	10	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	135	65	65	100	45	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	15	5	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	45	10	30	45	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages	40	15	25	0	5	0
Bengali	0	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	45	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	35	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	290	155	135	835	425	410
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	75	45	30	140	80	60
Portuguese	150	80	70	180	95	90
Romanian	10	5	5	55	25	25
Spanish	55	25	25	460	220	240
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	45	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	95	35	60
Chinese languages	15	10	10	95	35	55
Cantonese	5	5	0	30	15	15
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	55	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	15	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	20	10	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	60	60	935	450	485
English and French	50	25	25	715	355	360
English and non-official language	65	35	30	25	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	165	70	95
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	11,410	5,815	5,595	83,440	40,800	42,645
Single responses	11,240	5,725	5,515	82,300	40,240	42,060
Official languages	10,995	5,615	5,385	81,715	39,960	41,755
English	10,955	5,600	5,365	1,800	910	895
French	40	20	20	79,910	39,050	40,860
Non-official languages	245	105	135	580	280	300
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	245	110	135	585	285	300
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	40	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	70	35	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	220	95	120	355	170	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	50	55	30	10	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	50	55	30	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	30	25	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	10	15	10	5
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	10	10	5
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	10	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	25	5	20	15	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	5
Iranian languages	5	0	5	15	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	35	290	145	150
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	15	10	10
Portuguese	45	25	25	65	30	35
Romanian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	5	5	200	100	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	50	25	25
Chinese languages	5	5	0	50	25	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	5	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	170	85	80	1,140	560	580
English and French	20	10	10	670	330	340
English and non-official language	145	75	70	30	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	5	365	180	190
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	30	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	11,405	5,815	5,595	83,445	40,800	42,640
None	10,755	5,510	5,240	75,970	36,950	39,020
English	145	65	80	5,325	2,760	2,560
French	160	70	85	1,145	570	575
Non-official language	335	155	180	825	425	395
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	340	155	180	820	425	390
English and French	0	0	0	35	15	15
English and non-official language	5	0	0	130	70	60
French and non-official language	15	5	10	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,190	33,145	35,040
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,265	4,670	4,595	66,110	32,190	33,925
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,216	50,414	33,014	34,058	39,896	28,747
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,265	4,670	4,595	66,130	32,185	33,940
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,467	43,419	29,712	30,232	34,557	26,272
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,780	4,480	4,295	58,785	29,370	29,415
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,011	48,647	30,368	31,221	37,875	25,385
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,840	2,650	3,195	50,825	22,835	27,990
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,698	2,696	4,075	7,761	6,648	8,532
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,545	3,940	3,600	48,190	24,805	23,380
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,115	48,661	31,360	33,108	38,439	27,959
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,655	4,875	4,785	68,070	33,070	34,995
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,265	4,685	4,580	66,060	32,070	33,990
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,752	71,539	45,652	41,078	47,179	35,319
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,270	4,690	4,580	66,085	32,075	34,010
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,479	54,892	37,867	33,899	37,873	30,152
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,800	4,500	4,305	58,535	29,185	29,345
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,333	70,767	43,298	38,669	45,550	31,825
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,815	2,580	3,230	51,100	22,920	28,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,861	6,690	6,997	8,812	8,021	9,455
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,545	3,980	3,565	48,115	24,705	23,410
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,716	66,033	42,080	39,095	44,558	33,329
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,065	33,075	34,995
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,120	2,385	1,735	22,440	12,015	10,420
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,521	65,105	52,605	46,071	51,587	40,924
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	74,736	84,476	61,363	52,355	58,201	45,614
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.6	94.5	89.7	83.5	87.8	78.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.6	79.0	72.8	69.4	72.8	65.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.4	5.5	10.5	16.5	12.2	22.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,190	33,145	35,045
Without total income	395	200	195	2,080	965	1,115
With total income	9,265	4,670	4,595	66,110	32,185	33,925
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.8	96.0	96.9	97.1	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,255	530	730	6,930	2,960	3,970
$10,000 to $19,999	1,300	520	785	12,040	4,515	7,530
$20,000 to $29,999	1,080	440	640	10,465	4,350	6,115
$30,000 to $39,999	880	385	490	9,045	4,315	4,725
$40,000 to $49,999	870	440	425	7,915	3,970	3,945
$50,000 to $59,999	750	390	360	6,015	3,360	2,660
$60,000 to $69,999	620	355	265	4,295	2,515	1,775
$70,000 to $79,999	455	280	180	3,380	1,985	1,395
$80,000 to $89,999	395	230	170	1,990	1,285	700
$90,000 to $99,999	405	240	165	1,215	840	375
$100,000 and over	1,245	860	385	2,820	2,080	745
$100,000 to $149,999	770	505	270	2,085	1,525	560
$150,000 and over	475	355	120	740	555	185
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,190	33,150	35,040
Without after-tax income	390	205	190	2,065	960	1,100
With after-tax income	9,265	4,670	4,595	66,125	32,190	33,945
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	95.8	96.0	97.0	97.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,295	545	755	7,285	3,020	4,270
$10,000 to $19,999	1,385	555	830	12,665	4,800	7,860
$20,000 to $29,999	1,235	510	725	12,850	5,565	7,290
$30,000 to $39,999	1,130	520	610	11,605	5,865	5,740
$40,000 to $49,999	1,015	540	480	8,685	4,760	3,925
$50,000 to $59,999	820	470	355	5,815	3,370	2,445
$60,000 to $69,999	610	365	250	3,335	2,045	1,295
$70,000 to $79,999	545	330	215	1,620	1,115	505
$80,000 and over	1,225	835	385	2,265	1,645	620
$80,000 to $89,999	370	235	130	830	590	245
$90,000 to $99,999	220	140	80	450	320	130
$100,000 and over	635	465	170	980	740	245
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,190	33,150	35,045
Without employment income	2,115	930	1,180	20,005	8,345	11,665
With employment income	7,550	3,945	3,600	48,185	24,810	23,380
Percentage with employment income	78.2	80.9	75.2	70.7	74.8	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,105	535	570	5,630	2,850	2,785
$5,000 to $9,999	575	245	330	3,575	1,480	2,095
$10,000 to $19,999	845	365	485	6,795	2,875	3,925
$20,000 to $29,999	655	285	375	6,220	2,650	3,570
$30,000 to $39,999	655	295	360	6,250	3,015	3,240
$40,000 to $49,999	595	300	295	5,405	2,770	2,635
$50,000 to $59,999	540	275	265	4,045	2,385	1,655
$60,000 to $69,999	480	265	210	3,130	1,920	1,215
$70,000 to $79,999	375	230	145	2,660	1,585	1,075
$80,000 and over	1,715	1,145	570	4,465	3,285	1,180
$80,000 to $89,999	345	195	150	1,485	1,055	430
$90,000 to $99,999	355	215	135	950	675	270
$100,000 and over	1,020	735	285	2,030	1,550	480
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,110	...	...	36,860	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	105,267	...	...	60,114	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,678	...	...	52,237	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	635	...	...	12,285	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,896	...	...	29,769	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,728	...	...	27,173	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,475	...	...	24,575	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	117,760	...	...	80,180	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,658	...	...	68,313	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,105	...	...	36,840	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	132,527	...	...	73,656	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	104,885	...	...	60,805	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	640	...	...	12,300	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	58,649	...	...	36,839	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,729	...	...	31,323	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,475	...	...	24,545	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	146,083	...	...	92,099	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	115,556	...	...	75,573	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,105	...	...	36,860	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	255	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	535	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	1,395	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	1,895	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	1,990	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	1,600	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	105	...	...	1,965	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	95	...	...	1,950	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...	1,835	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	110	...	...	1,780	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	215	...	...	3,185	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	270	...	...	2,920	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	235	...	...	2,525	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	235	...	...	2,215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	235	...	...	1,865	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,165	...	...	8,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	515	...	...	3,635	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	440	...	...	2,255	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	600	...	...	2,045	...	...
$200,000 and over	610	...	...	1,010	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,110	...	...	36,860	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	280	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	545	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	1,405	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	2,005	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	2,270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	2,000	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	105	...	...	2,410	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...	2,290	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	2,240	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	135	...	...	2,055	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	315	...	...	3,895	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...	3,225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	310	...	...	2,690	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	300	...	...	2,225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	1,880	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,750	...	...	5,440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	595	...	...	2,955	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	440	...	...	1,370	...	...
$150,000 and over	725	...	...	1,115	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,410	...	...	23,725	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	117,411	...	...	80,634	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,325	...	...	68,585	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,315	...	...	9,705	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,200	...	...	70,031	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,437	...	...	60,122	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,675	...	...	9,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	142,243	...	...	111,266	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,319	...	...	92,548	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	335	...	...	4,280	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,827	...	...	52,007	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,872	...	...	46,838	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,410	...	...	23,675	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	146,536	...	...	92,530	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,719	...	...	75,782	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,325	...	...	9,740	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	131,026	...	...	80,559	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,928	...	...	65,062	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,675	...	...	9,225	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	171,309	...	...	121,314	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,825	...	...	98,936	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	330	...	...	4,235	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	75,605	...	...	59,771	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,012	...	...	51,464	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	875	505	370	14,785	7,175	7,605
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,944	48,256	35,328	28,203	31,639	25,561
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,888	41,216	32,640	26,055	28,160	24,283
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	880	525	355	14,805	7,095	7,710
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,610	57,619	40,158	35,336	36,793	33,994
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,037	46,112	33,470	30,136	30,763	29,559
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	11,405	5,815	5,590	82,260	40,365	41,890
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,530	1,795	1,735	46,175	21,925	24,250
In the bottom decile	540	285	260	6,730	3,250	3,480
In the second decile	590	280	310	8,850	3,745	5,100
In the third decile	740	385	355	9,975	4,760	5,210
In the fourth decile	790	405	390	10,335	5,075	5,260
In the fifth decile	875	445	420	10,285	5,095	5,195
In the top half of the distribution	7,870	4,015	3,855	36,080	18,440	17,640
In the sixth decile	1,065	530	535	10,020	5,100	4,920
In the seventh decile	1,240	630	610	9,380	4,815	4,565
In the eighth decile	1,710	870	835	7,700	3,900	3,805
In the ninth decile	1,795	925	870	5,715	2,965	2,750
In the top decile	2,065	1,060	1,005	3,265	1,660	1,600
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	11,405	5,810	5,590	82,260	40,365	41,890
0 to 17 years	2,255	1,210	1,045	16,710	8,555	8,150
0 to 5 years	535	295	245	5,625	2,855	2,770
18 to 64 years	7,430	3,730	3,705	51,770	25,575	26,200
65 years and over	1,715	875	840	13,785	6,240	7,540
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	790	395	395	10,710	4,685	6,020
0 to 17 years	180	110	70	2,015	1,010	1,000
0 to 5 years	55	30	25	615	305	315
18 to 64 years	475	230	250	6,090	2,805	3,280
65 years and over	135	60	70	2,605	865	1,740
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.9	6.8	7.1	13.0	11.6	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	9.1	6.7	12.1	11.8	12.3
0 to 5 years (%)	10.3	10.2	10.2	10.9	10.7	11.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.2	6.7	11.8	11.0	12.5
65 years and over (%)	7.9	6.9	8.3	18.9	13.9	23.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	315	170	150	5,405	2,710	2,700
0 to 17 years	65	35	30	975	515	465
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	300	160	145
18 to 64 years	225	120	110	4,085	2,065	2,015
65 years and over	35	20	15	350	130	220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	2.9	2.7	6.6	6.7	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	5.8	6.0	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	1.9	1.7	2.0	5.3	5.6	5.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	3.2	3.0	7.9	8.1	7.7
65 years and over (%)	2.0	2.3	1.8	2.5	2.1	2.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	11,400	5,815	5,590	82,170	40,250	41,920
Official languages	11,390	5,805	5,580	82,110	40,220	41,895
English	11,390	5,805	5,580	35,205	18,860	16,345
French	1,135	485	650	81,630	39,920	41,715
Non-official languages	1,350	630	715	4,360	2,170	2,190
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,350	630	720	4,340	2,155	2,185
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	35	45	430	235	190
Berber languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	35	50	395	220	180
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	55	20	35	385	210	175
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	10	15	10	0
Maltese	15	20	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	45	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	0	35	60	10	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malay	15	0	15	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	15	35	0	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	145	75	70
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	140	70	65
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,170	555	610	3,280	1,630	1,655
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	320	145	170	140	65	70
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	10
Latvian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	310	145	170	140	65	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	65	30	35	15	15	0
Czech	50	25	25	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	165	75	95	25	10	15
Russian	15	10	10	65	25	40
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	375	200	170	310	200	110
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	15	10	0
Dutch	85	45	45	35	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	260	150	110	255	165	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	25	25	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	20	10	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	460	210	250	2,885	1,405	1,490
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	150	60	90	435	235	205
Portuguese	110	60	45	230	140	85
Romanian	0	0	10	70	35	35
Spanish	200	85	115	2,280	1,055	1,220
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	15	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	40	20	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	95	55	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	15	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	50	25	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	130	55	75
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	90	40	55
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	120	60	55
Chinese languages	30	15	10	115	65	55
Cantonese	10	0	0	60	30	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	50	25	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	11,405	5,815	5,590	82,170	40,250	41,920
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	11,135	5,670	5,465	81,300	39,845	41,450
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,230	1,205	1,025	16,570	8,425	8,145
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,905	4,465	4,440	64,730	31,430	33,305
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	265	140	120	870	400	465
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	11,400	5,810	5,590	82,170	40,250	41,920
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,805	5,025	4,780	79,080	38,740	40,340
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,555	760	790	2,925	1,425	1,495
Before 1981	985	530	455	895	500	400
1981 to 1990	255	100	155	310	165	150
1991 to 2000	150	55	90	425	185	245
2001 to 2010	130	60	75	840	365	475
2001 to 2005	60	25	35	345	150	195
2006 to 2010	75	30	40	495	215	275
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	30	20	15	445	215	230
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	50	25	25	170	85	85
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,550	765	785	2,925	1,425	1,495
Under 5 years	325	175	155	485	215	270
5 to 14 years	365	205	160	460	230	230
15 to 24 years	360	165	195	595	290	300
25 to 44 years	460	200	255	1,205	615	590
45 years and over	30	10	20	185	75	110
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,550	760	790	2,925	1,430	1,495
Americas	220	85	135	675	290	390
Brazil	10	0	10	20	10	10
Colombia	10	0	0	60	30	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guyana	10	10	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	80	25	55
Jamaica	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	30	10	20
Peru	10	10	0	65	20	40
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	130	50	80	140	60	85
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	15	260	115	145
Europe	1,135	600	530	1,265	655	610
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	10	10	15	15	0
Croatia	15	0	15	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	575	270	300
Germany	90	55	40	105	50	50
Greece	0	10	0	10	10	0
Hungary	15	10	10	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Italy	45	25	20	120	70	50
Netherlands	95	50	40	0	0	0
Poland	85	35	50	0	0	0
Portugal	75	40	35	115	90	25
Romania	0	0	0	50	20	30
Russian Federation	10	0	0	25	15	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	10	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	485	245	240	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	160	85	70	195	100	95
Africa	70	25	45	570	325	245
Algeria	10	10	10	95	45	45
Egypt	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	125	75	55
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	15	305	175	130
Asia	105	40	65	405	155	250
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	15	10	125	25	100
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	0	15	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pakistan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	15	50	10	45
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	80	45	40
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	90	45	40
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	0	15	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30	15	15	445	215	225
Americas	10	10	0	95	45	55
Brazil	0	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	15	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	15	20
Europe	20	10	10	120	55	65
France	0	0	0	90	45	45
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	195	100	95
Algeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	30	15	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	30	15	15
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	40	15	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	55	30	30
Asia	0	0	0	35	15	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	11,400	5,815	5,590	82,170	40,250	41,920
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,645	810	835	3,300	1,635	1,665
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,655	1,390	1,265	3,650	1,895	1,755
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	7,105	3,615	3,490	75,220	36,725	38,500
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	590	245	340	2,100	970	1,130
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	300	145	155	1,065	520	545
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	105	60	45	475	285	185
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	200	90	110	590	230	355
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	195	65	140	785	305	470
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	90	40	50	235	125	110
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	11,405	5,815	5,590	82,170	40,255	41,915
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	180	85	95	1,015	440	575
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	170	85	85	960	415	550
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	105	40	65	450	200	250
Métis	65	45	25	480	200	280
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	11,220	5,725	5,500	81,155	39,810	41,345
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	11,400	5,810	5,590	82,170	40,250	41,915
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	75	35	40	200	85	115
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	11,325	5,780	5,550	81,965	40,165	41,805
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	11,405	5,810	5,590	82,165	40,250	41,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	50	20	25	735	370	365
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	50	25	25	730	370	360
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	10	15	620	320	300
Métis single ancestry	25	15	10	100	45	55
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	270	150	125	2,865	1,380	1,485
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	270	150	125	2,850	1,375	1,475
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	215	105	110	2,520	1,220	1,300
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	45	15	275	130	145
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	55	25	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	11,080	5,640	5,440	78,570	38,500	40,070
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	11,405	5,810	5,590	82,165	40,250	41,920
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	560	245	310	2,065	965	1,105
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	155	80	80	40	15	25
Chinese	75	25	45	180	45	140
Black	45	15	30	745	395	355
Filipino	40	15	20	60	10	50
Latin American	70	30	45	330	150	180
Arab	60	20	40	370	205	165
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	60	45	20	190	85	105
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Korean	0	10	0	25	10	20
Japanese	15	0	10	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	10	65	30	35
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	10	15	25	10	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,845	5,565	5,280	80,105	39,290	40,815
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	11,405	5,810	5,590	82,170	40,250	41,920
North American Aboriginal origins	325	170	150	3,595	1,750	1,850
First Nations (North American Indian)	230	110	120	3,155	1,540	1,615
Inuit	10	10	0	70	30	35
Métis	80	60	25	390	180	205
Other North American origins	3,370	1,765	1,600	62,820	30,550	32,270
Acadian	25	15	15	475	245	225
American	145	60	90	520	280	245
Canadian	3,250	1,735	1,520	60,330	29,335	31,000
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	15	10	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	10	20	0	15
Québécois	25	10	15	2,445	1,190	1,260
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	9,605	4,920	4,685	30,855	15,335	15,520
British Isles origins	7,030	3,650	3,380	7,985	3,865	4,120
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,250	2,295	1,955	2,035	975	1,060
Irish	2,640	1,290	1,350	5,130	2,470	2,660
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,220	1,645	1,575	1,910	905	1,000
Welsh	370	215	150	45	25	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	650	320	335	200	85	115
French origins	1,020	545	470	22,405	11,095	11,310
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Breton	0	0	0	110	45	65
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,020	545	475	22,330	11,060	11,270
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,400	1,210	1,195	2,665	1,175	1,490
Austrian	80	30	55	45	25	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	55	35	25	780	345	435
Dutch	720	365	360	300	145	155
Flemish	0	0	0	15	0	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,540	785	755	1,355	605	755
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	130	70	60	270	105	165
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	365	190	175	145	95	50
Danish	120	70	50	60	45	20
Finnish	50	30	20	0	10	0
Icelandic	15	15	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	75	30	45	15	10	10
Swedish	60	25	35	35	15	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	50	30	20	30	15	15
Eastern European origins	1,235	565	670	790	405	375
Bulgarian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	40	25	20	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Estonian	15	0	10	0	0	10
Hungarian	130	75	45	145	50	90
Latvian	10	0	0	20	0	10
Lithuanian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	480	200	285	295	155	140
Romanian	55	35	20	100	45	60
Russian	85	40	45	85	45	45
Slovak	45	35	15	10	10	0
Ukrainian	435	175	260	220	130	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,275	610	660	3,215	1,685	1,530
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	110	35	75	60	50	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	70	35	30	115	70	45
Italian	635	275	355	1,955	940	1,015
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	165	85	80	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	10
Portuguese	250	120	130	510	310	205
Serbian	10	0	0	15	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	40	15	20	20	10	0
Spanish	60	30	30	575	310	265
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	20	0	10	15	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	15	10	0	180	110	70
Basque	10	0	10	25	10	20
Jewish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	115	90	25
Caribbean origins	75	35	40	405	165	240
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	55	30	25
Dominican	15	10	10	75	20	55
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haitian	0	0	0	225	90	135
Jamaican	20	10	15	25	0	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	25	0	15
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	145	70	80	500	265	240
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	20	10	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	25	15	10
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	15	10	30	20	10
Chilean	0	0	0	65	40	30
Colombian	0	0	0	110	60	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	20	0	20	20	10	15
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	10	10	60	30	25
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	30	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	70	15	50
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Uruguayan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	10	25	0	0	0
African origins	130	40	95	1,115	570	550
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	270	150	120
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	35	15	20
Cameroonian	0	0	0	60	30	35
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	20	20	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	40	25	10
North African origins	65	15	45	520	250	275
Algerian	55	20	35	115	60	50
Berber	0	0	0	95	60	35
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	10	95	30	60
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	230	100	125
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	40	25	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	15	45	90	50	45
Afrikaner	15	0	15	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	10
South African	45	15	30	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	0	255	140	115
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	10	230	125	100
Asian origins	455	215	240	1,015	435	575
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	15	15	375	210	170
Afghan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	10	15	140	75	60
Armenian	0	10	0	40	20	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	10	0	110	65	45
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	25	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	25	10	15
South Asian origins	200	80	120	100	55	50
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	170	70	105	95	50	45
Goan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	235	125	115	550	185	360
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese	170	85	85	275	95	180
Filipino	40	20	20	70	10	55
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	0	15	10	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	20	30
Laotian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	10	0	0	20	0	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	15	0	125	60	60
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	40	20	25	15	10	10
Australian	35	15	20	15	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,105	...	...	36,840	...	...
Owner	3,695	...	...	21,575	...	...
Renter	410	...	...	15,270	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,110	...	...	36,840	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	3,650	...	...
Not condominium	4,090	...	...	33,190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,105	...	...	36,845	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	125	...	...
1 bedroom	155	...	...	4,925	...	...
2 bedrooms	525	...	...	12,095	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,655	...	...	12,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,770	...	...	7,280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,105	...	...	36,840	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	325	...	...	12,465	...	...
5 rooms	325	...	...	6,890	...	...
6 rooms	595	...	...	4,050	...	...
7 rooms	570	...	...	3,975	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,285	...	...	9,460	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.0	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,110	...	...	36,845	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,090	...	...	36,785	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,110	...	...	36,840	...	...
Suitable	4,005	...	...	36,170	...	...
Not suitable	100	...	...	670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,110	...	...	36,840	...	...
1960 or before	1,010	...	...	7,535	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,350	...	...	10,470	...	...
1981 to 1990	695	...	...	5,635	...	...
1991 to 2000	545	...	...	5,045	...	...
2001 to 2005	160	...	...	3,125	...	...
2006 to 2010	180	...	...	3,035	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	180	...	...	1,990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,110	...	...	36,845	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,900	...	...	35,075	...	...
Major repairs needed	210	...	...	1,765	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,110	...	...	36,845	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,045	...	...	22,850	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,995	...	...	13,620	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	70	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,105	...	...	36,845	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	1,325	...	...
25 to 34 years	265	...	...	5,260	...	...
35 to 44 years	625	...	...	6,285	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,165	...	...	7,060	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,070	...	...	7,595	...	...
65 to 74 years	590	...	...	5,785	...	...
75 to 84 years	260	...	...	2,850	...	...
85 years and over	115	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,945	...	...	36,810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,965	...	...	29,400	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	975	...	...	7,415	...	...
30% to less than 100%	845	...	...	6,880	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,540	...	...	21,570	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.7	...	...	67.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.0	...	...	11.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,675	...	...	1,105	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,805	...	...	1,129	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	598,744	...	...	250,722	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	664,670	...	...	275,972	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	410	...	...	15,265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.6	...	...	7.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.8	...	...	32.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	697	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,149	...	...	726	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,070	33,070	34,995
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,535	855	685	14,795	7,490	7,300
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,830	1,365	1,460	16,255	7,710	8,540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,300	2,655	2,640	37,025	17,865	19,155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	890	685	205	13,230	7,970	5,260
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	350	210	140	9,700	5,220	4,480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	540	470	70	3,530	2,750	780
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,235	1,035	1,190	12,255	5,105	7,150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	95	145	2,140	875	1,270
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,935	840	1,100	9,395	3,920	5,470
Bachelor's degree	1,415	615	800	6,735	2,685	4,050
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	25	70	800	350	455
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	35	15	275	135	140
Master's degree	335	145	190	1,395	660	735
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	15	20	185	90	90
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,405	3,225	3,180	44,730	21,970	22,760
No certificate, diploma or degree	570	350	220	6,545	3,765	2,780
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,765	885	885	9,615	4,705	4,910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,070	1,995	2,070	28,580	13,500	15,075
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	640	495	140	10,310	6,090	4,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	245	150	95	7,585	3,980	3,600
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	395	345	50	2,720	2,110	615
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,790	840	950	9,205	3,875	5,325
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	55	90	1,535	630	910
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,490	605	885	7,525	2,895	4,630
Bachelor's degree	1,075	440	630	5,470	2,035	3,435
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	20	60	625	245	380
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	30	15	180	55	130
Master's degree	265	100	165	1,120	490	625
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	20	15	135	70	65
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,065	33,070	34,995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,360	2,215	2,140	31,050	15,205	15,840
Education	360	60	300	2,860	565	2,295
13. Education	360	65	305	2,855	565	2,295
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	265	130	135	1,265	570	700
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	10	250	190	65
50. Visual and performing arts	240	105	130	1,015	380	635
Humanities	305	90	215	1,880	810	1,070
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	20	160	30	130
23. English language and literature/letters	70	15	55	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	35	45	1,135	520	615
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	20	45	25	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	10	70	40	25
54. History	60	30	35	160	95	65
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	30	265	90	175
Social and behavioural sciences and law	530	125	405	2,915	770	2,145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	45	0	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	15	30	320	100	220
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	100	855	70	785
22. Legal professions and studies	110	20	90	585	190	390
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	35	80	10	65
42. Psychology	70	15	50	515	120	390
45. Social sciences	170	75	100	515	270	250
Business, management and public administration	970	435	535	8,585	2,855	5,725
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	20	40	590	105	480
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	910	410	500	7,980	2,745	5,235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	145	140	910	450	460
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	60	75	250	85	165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	30	30	155	90	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	230	120	115
40. Physical sciences	70	50	25	215	150	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	15	55	15	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	55	60	1,275	955	315
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	50	40	1,100	860	240
25. Library science	0	0	10	70	15	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	95	70	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,260	1,160	100	8,665	8,055	610
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	20	190	100	90
14. Engineering	155	135	25	750	645	110
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	210	180	30	1,740	1,550	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	255	255	10	2,250	2,205	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	410	400	10	1,970	1,880	90
48. Precision production	175	160	15	1,760	1,680	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	195	150	40	505	340	170
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	115	25	385	230	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	40	15	125	105	15
Health and related fields	640	130	515	4,735	755	3,980
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	80	50	35	230	125	110
51. Health professions and related programs	545	70	475	4,435	610	3,830
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	70	25	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	370	175	195	3,415	1,740	1,670
12. Personal and culinary services	190	40	150	1,905	480	1,425
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	30	25	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	70	60	10
43. Security and protective services	115	70	45	750	580	170
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	65	0	660	600	65
Other	0	0	10	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,405	3,225	3,175	44,730	21,970	22,765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,335	1,230	1,105	16,160	8,470	7,690
Education	255	40	215	1,895	330	1,565
13. Education	255	40	210	1,900	335	1,565
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185	90	100	1,055	455	600
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	215	165	50
50. Visual and performing arts	165	70	95	840	290	545
Humanities	225	65	160	1,175	525	655
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	110	20	85
23. English language and literature/letters	55	15	40	25	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	20	35	665	330	330
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	35	20	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	45	30	10
54. History	60	25	35	140	85	55
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	15	160	40	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	440	85	360	2,415	575	1,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	45	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	20	250	60	190
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	95	760	55	700
22. Legal professions and studies	90	10	85	465	140	330
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	30	55	15	40
42. Psychology	50	10	40	410	80	330
45. Social sciences	150	65	90	430	220	205
Business, management and public administration	770	330	435	6,795	2,160	4,640
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	15	25	435	60	380
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	720	315	410	6,350	2,100	4,250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	110	120	600	280	325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	55	65	185	60	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	125	70	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	60	20	35
40. Physical sciences	50	30	20	190	125	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	15	50	0	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	105	50	55	1,085	815	270
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	45	40	970	765	205
25. Library science	0	0	10	55	10	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	10	55	35	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	970	875	95	6,680	6,120	560
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	15	160	75	80
14. Engineering	95	70	20	625	520	105
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	185	155	30	1,310	1,130	180
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	215	210	0	1,745	1,700	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	300	10	1,510	1,435	80
48. Precision production	125	115	10	1,335	1,265	75
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	155	120	40	380	245	135
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	120	95	25	290	165	125
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	25	15	90	80	15
Health and related fields	455	95	360	3,715	565	3,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	40	20	180	90	90
51. Health professions and related programs	380	45	330	3,470	455	3,015
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	60	15	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	140	135	2,760	1,420	1,340
12. Personal and culinary services	125	25	95	1,455	340	1,115
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	25	20	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	50	40	10
43. Security and protective services	100	60	35	660	505	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	50	0	575	510	65
Other	10	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,070	33,075	34,995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,360	2,215	2,145	31,050	15,205	15,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,300	2,655	2,640	37,020	17,870	19,150
Location of study inside Canada	4,845	2,395	2,450	36,055	17,395	18,660
Same as province or territory of residence	4,535	2,210	2,320	35,290	16,945	18,350
Different than province or territory of residence	315	185	130	765	450	310
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	450	260	195	965	470	495
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	50	45	120	55	65
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	140	95	45	30	25	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	15
France	15	0	10	315	145	170
Other	180	110	75	470	230	240
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,400	3,225	3,175	44,730	21,970	22,765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,335	1,230	1,105	16,160	8,470	7,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,070	1,995	2,070	28,575	13,500	15,075
Location of study inside Canada	3,785	1,850	1,930	27,810	13,150	14,660
Same as province or territory of residence	3,545	1,720	1,825	27,235	12,810	14,420
Different than province or territory of residence	235	135	95	575	335	240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	285	140	145	765	350	415
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	30	50	85	45	45
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	60	25	20	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	10	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	240	110	130
Other	110	50	55	395	175	220
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,660	4,875	4,785	68,070	33,070	34,995
In the labour force	7,055	3,730	3,320	44,765	23,020	21,745
Employed	6,750	3,575	3,175	42,100	21,515	20,580
Unemployed	300	155	150	2,670	1,505	1,170
Not in the labour force	2,605	1,145	1,465	23,300	10,055	13,250
Participation rate	73.0	76.5	69.4	65.8	69.6	62.1
Employment rate	69.9	73.3	66.4	61.8	65.1	58.8
Unemployment rate	4.3	4.2	4.5	6.0	6.5	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,655	4,875	4,785	68,070	33,075	34,995
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,235	920	1,320	22,185	9,620	12,565
Worked	7,420	3,955	3,465	45,885	23,455	22,430
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,265	2,470	1,795	22,805	12,290	10,510
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,155	1,485	1,670	23,085	11,165	11,920
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.4	43.1	43.7	43.9	43.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	7,055	3,730	3,325	44,770	23,020	21,745
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	85	40	45	950	430	520
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	6,970	3,695	3,280	43,820	22,590	21,230
Employee	5,730	2,910	2,820	39,210	19,975	19,240
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,245	785	455	4,605	2,620	1,990
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	7,050	3,730	3,325	44,770	23,020	21,745
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	85	35	50	945	430	520
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	6,970	3,695	3,275	43,820	22,590	21,230
0 Management occupations	1,115	695	425	4,100	2,560	1,545
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,150	325	820	6,710	2,045	4,665
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	350	270	80	2,405	1,870	535
3 Health occupations	340	50	290	3,170	440	2,725
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	685	185	495	5,520	1,565	3,955
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	185	75	110	1,030	445	585
6 Sales and service occupations	1,270	465	810	10,305	4,360	5,950
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,280	1,230	60	7,170	6,810	355
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	300	190	110	420	340	80
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	295	210	90	2,985	2,150	840
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	7,055	3,730	3,325	44,765	23,020	21,745
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	85	35	45	945	435	520
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	6,970	3,690	3,275	43,815	22,585	21,230
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	310	165	145	385	230	155
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	10	90	65	20
22 Utilities	20	20	0	250	170	80
23 Construction	610	540	70	3,050	2,665	385
31-33 Manufacturing	825	585	240	6,275	4,610	1,665
41 Wholesale trade	415	240	175	1,525	1,080	445
44-45 Retail trade	740	350	395	6,060	2,765	3,290
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	495	330	165	2,020	1,605	415
51 Information and cultural industries	100	50	45	805	480	325
52 Finance and insurance	230	80	150	1,535	615	920
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	40	50	545	325	225
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	570	275	300	2,305	1,160	1,145
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	10	30	15	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	350	235	120	1,675	1,020	660
61 Educational services	430	85	345	2,815	685	2,130
62 Health care and social assistance	510	55	455	5,815	780	5,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	225	90	135	755	375	385
72 Accommodation and food services	290	95	195	2,805	1,190	1,615
81 Other services (except public administration)	405	225	185	1,760	815	945
91 Public administration	280	195	90	3,320	1,950	1,370
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	6,750	3,575	3,175	42,100	21,520	20,580
Worked at home	850	425	420	2,290	1,075	1,215
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	55	45	15
No fixed workplace address	880	710	175	3,965	2,980	980
Worked at usual place	5,005	2,430	2,580	35,790	17,420	18,370
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,005	2,430	2,575	35,790	17,420	18,370
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,005	410	600	20,855	9,275	11,580
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	500	245	260	625	315	305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,485	1,775	1,715	14,280	7,810	6,470
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	10	30	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	5,885	3,140	2,750	39,755	20,400	19,350
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,235	2,855	2,380	33,595	17,630	15,960
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	315	150	165	1,320	615	710
Public transit	100	25	75	2,295	940	1,360
Walked	175	55	125	1,795	770	1,025
Bicycle	25	25	0	450	315	135
Other method	40	30	10	295	135	160
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	5,885	3,135	2,750	39,750	20,400	19,350
Less than 15 minutes	1,110	475	635	15,315	6,840	8,475
15 to 29 minutes	1,075	460	620	9,900	4,905	5,000
30 to 44 minutes	1,450	800	650	6,885	4,180	2,710
45 to 59 minutes	1,135	675	460	4,085	2,495	1,590
60 minutes and over	1,110	725	385	3,560	1,990	1,570
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	5,890	3,140	2,750	39,755	20,400	19,350
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	730	555	175	3,745	2,905	845
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,205	700	505	8,140	5,040	3,095
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,565	750	820	11,815	5,360	6,460
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,145	495	655	6,110	2,285	3,825
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	485	170	310	3,180	1,085	2,095
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	745	465	275	6,760	3,730	3,025
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	7,560	4,020	3,540	47,100	24,130	22,970
Single responses	7,525	4,000	3,525	45,205	23,085	22,125
Official languages	7,520	4,000	3,520	45,185	23,080	22,105
English	7,495	4,000	3,490	1,660	975	685
French	25	0	25	43,520	22,100	21,425
Non-official languages	10	0	10	25	10	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	25	10	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	15	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	20	1,895	1,050	845
English and French	15	10	0	1,845	1,015	830
English and non-official language	20	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	25	10
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	7,560	4,015	3,540	47,100	24,130	22,970
None	7,390	3,945	3,440	33,845	16,840	17,000
English	25	0	25	11,715	6,450	5,265
French	110	55	55	1,330	750	585
Non-official language	25	10	15	145	70	75
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	15	10	145	70	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	15	35
French and non-official language	15	10	10	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	11,320	5,765	5,550	81,295	39,835	41,460
Non-movers	10,245	5,260	4,985	70,805	34,700	36,105
Movers	1,070	505	565	10,490	5,135	5,355
Non-migrants	215	115	95	7,100	3,385	3,720
Migrants	855	390	470	3,385	1,755	1,635
Internal migrants	820	375	450	3,210	1,655	1,555
Intraprovincial migrants	795	370	425	2,995	1,540	1,460
Interprovincial migrants	25	0	25	215	115	95
External migrants	35	10	20	175	95	80
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	10,930	5,530	5,395	77,590	37,955	39,630
Non-movers	7,680	3,940	3,740	47,855	23,455	24,395
Movers	3,245	1,595	1,655	29,730	14,495	15,235
Non-migrants	790	380	410	19,445	9,415	10,025
Migrants	2,455	1,215	1,245	10,290	5,080	5,215
Internal migrants	2,380	1,175	1,205	9,850	4,840	5,005
Intraprovincial migrants	2,325	1,145	1,175	9,400	4,585	4,815
Interprovincial migrants	55	30	25	445	250	190
External migrants	80	40	40	445	240	205

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Erin, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 28, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Erin, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Erin, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Erin, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu [Population centre], Quebec