Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Erie, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Fort Erie, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Lake Country, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Fort Erie, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Fort Erie, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	30,710	...	...	12,922	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	29,960	...	...	11,708	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.5	...	...	10.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	15,345	...	...	5,897	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,184	...	...	5,094	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	184.7	...	...	105.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	166.27	...	...	122.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	30,710	14,955	15,755	12,920	6,455	6,470
0 to 14 years	4,260	2,175	2,085	2,020	1,005	1,015
0 to 4 years	1,265	630	625	600	310	290
5 to 9 years	1,430	730	700	730	350	380
10 to 14 years	1,565	810	755	690	345	345
15 to 64 years	19,160	9,375	9,790	8,755	4,355	4,400
15 to 19 years	1,655	840	810	720	365	355
20 to 24 years	1,540	795	740	665	355	305
25 to 29 years	1,340	670	675	670	340	330
30 to 34 years	1,370	675	700	835	415	415
35 to 39 years	1,495	710	785	815	410	410
40 to 44 years	1,660	805	855	785	410	375
45 to 49 years	2,045	980	1,065	880	425	455
50 to 54 years	2,605	1,285	1,315	1,140	535	605
55 to 59 years	2,735	1,305	1,430	1,190	600	590
60 to 64 years	2,725	1,305	1,415	1,050	490	555
65 years and over	7,290	3,410	3,875	2,145	1,090	1,055
65 to 69 years	2,515	1,205	1,305	795	415	380
70 to 74 years	1,775	880	895	565	290	280
75 to 79 years	1,240	605	630	350	180	175
80 to 84 years	875	395	485	215	120	100
85 years and over	880	325	560	215	85	130
85 to 89 years	545	225	320	130	60	75
90 to 94 years	270	80	185	65	25	40
95 to 99 years	65	20	50	15	5	10
100 years and over	5	0	5	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.9	14.5	13.2	15.6	15.6	15.7
15 to 64 years	62.4	62.7	62.1	67.8	67.5	68.0
65 years and over	23.7	22.8	24.6	16.6	16.9	16.3
85 years and over	2.9	2.2	3.6	1.7	1.3	2.0
Average age of the population	46.0	45.1	46.8	42.4	42.1	42.6
Median age of the population	50.0	49.0	50.7	44.7	44.1	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,185	...	...	5,090	...	...
Single-detached house	10,860	...	...	3,510	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	310	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,995	...	...	1,450	...	...
Semi-detached house	255	...	...	125	...	...
Row house	300	...	...	165	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	470	...	...	680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	930	...	...	465	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,185	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 person	3,680	...	...	1,080	...	...
2 persons	5,385	...	...	2,135	...	...
3 persons	1,855	...	...	735	...	...
4 persons	1,455	...	...	740	...	...
5 or more persons	815	...	...	400	...	...
Number of persons in private households	30,275	...	...	12,725	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	26,450	12,780	13,670	10,900	5,445	5,455
Married or living common law	15,750	7,865	7,890	7,105	3,555	3,555
Married	13,115	6,555	6,555	5,915	2,960	2,955
Living common law	2,635	1,305	1,330	1,190	595	595
Not married and not living common law	10,700	4,920	5,785	3,790	1,890	1,900
Never married	5,910	3,250	2,655	2,365	1,385	985
Separated	980	430	545	280	120	160
Divorced	1,885	850	1,040	665	270	400
Widowed	1,935	395	1,540	475	120	360
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	9,350	...	...	3,965	...	...
2 persons	5,600	...	...	2,300	...	...
3 persons	1,790	...	...	715	...	...
4 persons	1,345	...	...	695	...	...
5 or more persons	615	...	...	255	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	9,350	...	...	3,965	...	...
Total couple families	7,745	...	...	3,510	...	...
Married couples	6,430	...	...	2,915	...	...
Common-law couples	1,320	...	...	595	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,605	...	...	455	...	...
Female parent	1,225	...	...	330	...	...
Male parent	370	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,750	...	...	3,515	...	...
Couples without children	4,590	...	...	1,990	...	...
Couples with children	3,160	...	...	1,520	...	...
1 child	1,355	...	...	600	...	...
2 children	1,235	...	...	670	...	...
3 or more children	570	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,600	...	...	455	...	...
1 child	1,010	...	...	310	...	...
2 children	430	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,045	2,310	2,740	1,825	900	925
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,180	...	...	5,095	...	...
One-census-family households	8,965	...	...	3,695	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,430	...	...	1,850	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,540	...	...	1,850	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	190	...	...	135	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,025	...	...	1,265	...	...
One-person households	3,680	...	...	1,085	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	345	...	...	180	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	30,350	14,830	15,520	12,770	6,360	6,410
English only	28,810	14,185	14,630	11,920	6,000	5,915
French only	15	5	5	5	0	0
English and French	1,415	600	815	810	345	465
Neither English nor French	110	45	60	35	10	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	30,350	14,830	15,520	12,765	6,355	6,410
English	29,735	14,565	15,170	12,535	6,250	6,290
French	470	215	260	175	90	80
English and French	45	20	30	30	10	20
Neither English nor French	100	40	60	35	10	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	495	220	275	185	95	90
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.6	1.5	1.8	1.4	1.5	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	30,350	14,830	15,525	12,765	6,355	6,410
Single responses	30,065	14,695	15,370	12,665	6,315	6,350
Official languages	27,735	13,600	14,135	11,505	5,770	5,740
English	27,235	13,365	13,870	11,315	5,675	5,640
French	500	230	265	195	95	100
Non-official languages	2,325	1,100	1,230	1,165	545	615
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,310	1,090	1,220	1,160	550	610
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	35	30	5	5	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	10	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	5	0	5
Maltese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	25	55	30	5	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	15	45	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	45	20	20	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,735	840	900	1,000	495	505
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	320	150	170	245	115	130
Baltic languages	10	5	10	5	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	305	145	160	245	115	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Croatian	35	15	20	10	5	5
Czech	10	10	10	10	5	10
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	40	55	35	15	20
Russian	40	15	25	110	55	55
Serbian	25	10	15	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Slovak	25	10	10	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ukrainian	55	30	25	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	465	220	250	460	235	230
Afrikaans	0	0	5	25	10	10
Danish	10	10	0	10	5	5
Dutch	140	60	85	70	40	35
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	295	140	155	350	170	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	25	20	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	50	145	70	75
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	30	130	70	65
Bengali	5	5	5	10	5	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	110	55	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	5	0
Iranian languages	35	15	15	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	5	15	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	800	390	410	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	410	205	200	45	25	20
Portuguese	65	35	35	30	15	15
Romanian	15	10	10	10	5	5
Spanish	305	140	165	55	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	15	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	30	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	15	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	10	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	180	85	90	25	10	20
Chinese languages	180	90	85	30	10	15
Cantonese	75	40	35	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	65	35	30	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	20	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	30	40	35	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	10	0	5
Hungarian	65	30	35	25	5	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	285	135	155	100	45	60
English and French	80	35	50	20	5	15
English and non-official language	185	95	90	75	30	40
French and non-official language	15	5	10	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	30,350	14,830	15,520	12,765	6,360	6,410
Single responses	29,885	14,610	15,275	12,605	6,285	6,320
Official languages	29,145	14,285	14,855	12,290	6,135	6,155
English	29,055	14,255	14,805	12,245	6,115	6,130
French	90	35	55	45	20	20
Non-official languages	740	330	410	315	150	160
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	740	325	415	315	150	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	10	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	5	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	485	205	280	270	130	135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	45	75	35	40
Baltic languages	10	0	5	5	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	75	40	40	70	35	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	10	5	5
Russian	10	0	5	35	15	20
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ukrainian	10	5	5	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	15	25	90	35	45
Afrikaans	5	5	5	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	20	65	30	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	30	95	50	45
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	20	95	50	50
Bengali	5	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	85	40	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	10	0	5	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	295	115	175	15	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	100	35	70	5	0	0
Portuguese	25	15	15	0	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Spanish	165	70	90	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	10	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	60	10	5	10
Chinese languages	110	55	55	15	5	5
Cantonese	45	25	25	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	20	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	470	220	250	160	70	90
English and French	30	10	20	10	10	0
English and non-official language	415	195	215	145	60	90
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	30,355	14,830	15,520	12,765	6,360	6,410
None	28,900	14,170	14,730	12,070	6,055	6,015
English	340	155	185	160	75	80
French	275	120	160	105	45	60
Non-official language	800	370	425	420	175	245
Aboriginal	35	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	765	355	410	420	175	245
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	15	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,020	12,620	13,400	10,705	5,335	5,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,065	12,175	12,890	10,395	5,210	5,185
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,591	37,178	25,588	36,839	47,488	29,626
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,080	12,180	12,900	10,405	5,220	5,185
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,093	33,601	24,069	32,896	41,100	27,095
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,985	10,945	11,045	9,690	4,925	4,765
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,150	33,843	21,575	34,280	45,253	26,765
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,390	8,910	10,480	6,875	3,015	3,860
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,312	8,428	8,195	5,717	6,416	5,435
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,835	8,710	8,130	8,135	4,205	3,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,260	33,674	24,188	32,553	44,646	25,510
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	26,020	12,615	13,405	10,700	5,335	5,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,100	12,190	12,915	10,410	5,220	5,195
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,790	46,277	33,668	49,526	61,064	37,933
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,125	12,185	12,935	10,425	5,230	5,195
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,147	39,260	29,329	40,683	48,776	32,537
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,960	10,825	11,140	9,740	4,925	4,810
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,513	44,619	30,607	47,630	59,588	35,385
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,200	8,885	10,320	6,785	3,010	3,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,110	9,119	9,103	7,645	8,353	7,082
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,835	8,625	8,215	8,135	4,200	3,935
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,454	42,981	31,656	45,413	57,075	32,961
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	26,020	12,610	13,405	10,700	5,335	5,370
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,645	4,225	3,415	3,480	2,035	1,445
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,746	53,393	42,288	51,893	64,211	42,785
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,570	63,462	50,286	64,154	75,540	48,120
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.2	85.8	77.4	89.9	92.2	86.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.9	65.5	59.2	69.6	73.5	63.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.8	14.2	22.6	10.1	7.7	13.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	26,020	12,620	13,400	10,700	5,335	5,365
Without total income	955	440	510	305	125	180
With total income	25,065	12,175	12,890	10,395	5,210	5,185
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.5	96.2	97.1	97.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,345	1,370	1,980	1,345	555	790
$10,000 to $19,999	4,800	1,825	2,975	1,655	640	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	4,165	1,745	2,415	1,350	540	810
$30,000 to $39,999	3,425	1,615	1,805	1,190	520	670
$40,000 to $49,999	2,725	1,395	1,330	1,075	475	600
$50,000 to $59,999	1,925	1,105	815	870	470	395
$60,000 to $69,999	1,330	860	470	715	450	265
$70,000 to $79,999	915	600	310	550	360	190
$80,000 to $89,999	650	420	235	395	250	145
$90,000 to $99,999	570	355	210	285	185	105
$100,000 and over	1,215	875	340	965	765	200
$100,000 to $149,999	875	620	250	630	495	135
$150,000 and over	345	255	85	335	270	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	26,020	12,615	13,400	10,705	5,335	5,365
Without after-tax income	940	440	505	300	115	180
With after-tax income	25,080	12,180	12,900	10,405	5,215	5,190
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.6	96.3	97.2	97.8	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,495	1,405	2,090	1,420	600	825
$10,000 to $19,999	5,000	1,905	3,100	1,750	685	1,065
$20,000 to $29,999	4,825	2,045	2,780	1,605	650	955
$30,000 to $39,999	3,880	1,940	1,940	1,390	615	780
$40,000 to $49,999	2,885	1,595	1,295	1,250	640	610
$50,000 to $59,999	1,770	1,135	635	900	570	330
$60,000 to $69,999	1,140	765	375	645	410	235
$70,000 to $79,999	800	520	285	485	315	170
$80,000 and over	1,280	885	390	955	735	220
$80,000 to $89,999	475	315	160	280	195	80
$90,000 to $99,999	255	170	85	190	150	35
$100,000 and over	550	400	155	485	390	95
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	26,020	12,620	13,405	10,700	5,335	5,365
Without employment income	9,185	3,910	5,275	2,570	1,125	1,440
With employment income	16,835	8,710	8,130	8,130	4,210	3,925
Percentage with employment income	64.7	69.0	60.6	76.0	78.9	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,865	1,525	1,340	1,320	630	690
$5,000 to $9,999	1,445	610	835	590	235	355
$10,000 to $19,999	2,380	995	1,385	1,045	425	620
$20,000 to $29,999	2,060	885	1,170	895	340	555
$30,000 to $39,999	1,945	895	1,050	750	325	425
$40,000 to $49,999	1,585	790	795	735	310	425
$50,000 to $59,999	1,195	700	500	630	375	255
$60,000 to $69,999	885	585	295	500	325	180
$70,000 to $79,999	595	415	185	420	280	145
$80,000 and over	1,880	1,305	575	1,245	970	275
$80,000 to $89,999	495	320	175	315	215	100
$90,000 to $99,999	475	295	180	225	160	70
$100,000 and over	910	690	220	710	600	110
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,180	...	...	5,095	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,800	...	...	83,243	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,951	...	...	72,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,680	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,902	...	...	36,122	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,468	...	...	32,224	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,505	...	...	4,010	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,386	...	...	97,205	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,539	...	...	83,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,180	...	...	5,095	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,758	...	...	101,243	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,070	...	...	83,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,680	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,529	...	...	51,872	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,895	...	...	42,561	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,505	...	...	4,015	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,154	...	...	114,537	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,513	...	...	94,188	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,185	...	...	5,095	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	410	...	...	95	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	575	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	640	...	...	150	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	635	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	670	...	...	160	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	720	...	...	205	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	690	...	...	190	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	660	...	...	175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,165	...	...	345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,030	...	...	320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	995	...	...	380	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	830	...	...	295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	715	...	...	325	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,130	...	...	2,010	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,225	...	...	650	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	770	...	...	455	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	700	...	...	540	...	...
$200,000 and over	430	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,185	...	...	5,090	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	190	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	410	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	600	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	725	...	...	180	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	715	...	...	180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	760	...	...	230	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	795	...	...	220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	810	...	...	215	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	705	...	...	210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,360	...	...	395	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,245	...	...	435	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,020	...	...	395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	835	...	...	410	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	635	...	...	325	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,195	...	...	1,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,080	...	...	625	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	510	...	...	375	...	...
$150,000 and over	600	...	...	485	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	9,250	...	...	3,880	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,375	...	...	96,421	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,442	...	...	83,038	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,335	...	...	1,820	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,183	...	...	87,501	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,374	...	...	75,287	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,205	...	...	1,530	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,235	...	...	118,235	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,232	...	...	100,192	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,500	...	...	420	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,462	...	...	54,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,873	...	...	46,976	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	9,245	...	...	3,880	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,991	...	...	113,998	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,359	...	...	93,598	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,325	...	...	1,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,449	...	...	106,706	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,955	...	...	86,201	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,205	...	...	1,525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,849	...	...	138,857	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,925	...	...	114,695	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,490	...	...	420	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,853	...	...	55,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,524	...	...	47,953	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,475	2,090	2,380	1,610	820	795
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,487	31,360	28,000	32,720	35,776	29,248
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,323	28,672	26,293	29,163	31,893	26,496
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,445	2,025	2,415	1,550	805	745
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,490	40,424	35,029	47,177	50,734	43,326
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,068	34,482	30,044	39,095	41,558	36,429
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	30,275	14,790	15,490	12,725	6,345	6,385
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,060	8,130	8,930	5,450	2,595	2,855
In the bottom decile	3,110	1,490	1,630	1,020	490	535
In the second decile	3,585	1,645	1,940	960	430	530
In the third decile	3,635	1,730	1,910	1,135	550	580
In the fourth decile	3,430	1,650	1,780	1,075	515	560
In the fifth decile	3,290	1,615	1,680	1,255	605	655
In the top half of the distribution	13,220	6,660	6,555	7,270	3,745	3,525
In the sixth decile	3,275	1,615	1,660	1,380	695	685
In the seventh decile	2,870	1,445	1,425	1,425	740	680
In the eighth decile	2,825	1,425	1,395	1,540	785	750
In the ninth decile	2,510	1,285	1,225	1,465	755	710
In the top decile	1,740	885	850	1,465	770	695
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	30,280	14,790	15,485	12,725	6,340	6,385
0 to 17 years	5,260	2,720	2,535	2,450	1,220	1,230
0 to 5 years	1,515	760	755	750	370	375
18 to 64 years	18,065	8,770	9,300	8,245	4,070	4,175
65 years and over	6,955	3,300	3,650	2,025	1,045	980
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,850	2,260	2,595	1,360	635	725
0 to 17 years	1,215	665	550	280	130	145
0 to 5 years	390	220	165	75	30	40
18 to 64 years	2,855	1,290	1,565	805	380	425
65 years and over	775	300	475	280	125	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	15.3	16.8	10.7	10.0	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	23.1	24.4	21.7	11.4	10.7	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	25.7	28.9	21.9	10.0	8.1	10.7
18 to 64 years (%)	15.8	14.7	16.8	9.8	9.3	10.2
65 years and over (%)	11.1	9.1	13.0	13.8	12.0	15.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,840	900	935	630	310	320
0 to 17 years	400	215	185	130	60	65
0 to 5 years	120	70	50	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	1,295	625	670	465	225	235
65 years and over	140	60	80	30	20	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.1	6.1	6.0	5.0	4.9	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	7.9	7.3	5.3	4.9	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	7.9	9.2	6.6	3.3	4.1	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.2	7.1	7.2	5.6	5.5	5.6
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.8	2.2	1.5	1.9	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	30,275	14,790	15,485	12,720	6,340	6,380
Official languages	30,205	14,765	15,440	12,705	6,330	6,370
English	30,195	14,755	15,440	12,695	6,325	6,375
French	1,435	610	820	825	340	480
Non-official languages	3,150	1,460	1,695	1,535	665	875
Aboriginal languages	75	30	40	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	20	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	50	10	35	0	0	0
Cayuga	20	0	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	25	0	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,080	1,430	1,650	1,530	665	865
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	60	60	30	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	115	55	60	30	10	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	45	45	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	25	10	15
Maltese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	10	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	25	75	65	15	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	25	75	50	10	35
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	75	30	45	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	75	25	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	10	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,370	1,150	1,215	1,315	620	695
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	425	205	225	230	100	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	425	205	225	230	100	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	30	0	15	0	10	0
Czech	15	10	0	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	225	110	120	65	25	45
Russian	70	40	30	85	35	45
Serbian	35	15	25	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	0	15	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	75	35	40	25	20	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	585	275	310	545	260	285
Afrikaans	10	10	10	10	0	10
Danish	30	20	15	20	10	10
Dutch	180	80	100	60	25	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	355	180	180	440	215	230
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	55	20	35	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	240	125	115	110	55	55
Indo-Aryan languages	145	85	60	100	50	45
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	25	15	0	0	0
Hindi	45	25	15	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	25	15	95	45	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	95	45	50	15	0	10
Kurdish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	80	35	45	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,115	555	555	455	210	245
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	560	285	275	115	50	65
Portuguese	110	55	55	75	35	40
Romanian	35	25	20	20	15	10
Spanish	445	220	225	280	125	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Japanese	20	0	15	40	10	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	30	45	15	0	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	25	0	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	30	10	0	10
American Sign Language	10	0	10	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	75	85	50	15	35
Chinese languages	150	70	80	50	15	35
Cantonese	90	50	40	20	0	20
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	25	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	0	20	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	130	55	75	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	10	0	0	10
Hungarian	115	50	65	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	30,275	14,790	15,485	12,720	6,345	6,385
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	28,660	14,165	14,495	12,280	6,135	6,140
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,055	2,615	2,440	2,375	1,165	1,210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	23,605	11,555	12,050	9,905	4,975	4,930
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,620	625	990	440	205	240
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	30,280	14,790	15,485	12,725	6,340	6,380
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	25,230	12,460	12,775	11,155	5,605	5,555
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,830	2,230	2,600	1,455	690	760
Before 1981	2,920	1,310	1,615	700	370	330
1981 to 1990	535	260	270	210	95	115
1991 to 2000	620	300	315	155	50	110
2001 to 2010	520	240	275	265	120	150
2001 to 2005	285	125	160	155	80	75
2006 to 2010	230	115	120	110	40	70
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	245	120	120	120	55	60
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	215	100	110	115	45	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,830	2,230	2,600	1,455	695	765
Under 5 years	740	380	360	240	85	160
5 to 14 years	1,010	515	500	265	140	125
15 to 24 years	1,210	490	715	345	180	160
25 to 44 years	1,520	650	870	515	245	270
45 years and over	355	200	155	90	35	55
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,830	2,230	2,600	1,455	695	765
Americas	1,760	695	1,060	265	115	145
Brazil	15	10	10	25	10	15
Colombia	40	15	25	10	0	10
El Salvador	90	45	45	0	0	0
Guyana	30	20	15	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	20	20	0	0	0
Mexico	35	25	15	15	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,360	510	850	165	70	95
Other places of birth in Americas	125	50	70	45	25	25
Europe	2,360	1,185	1,175	905	460	445
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	25	15	10	10	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	215	105	110	175	85	90
Greece	15	10	10	15	10	10
Hungary	45	20	20	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	40	15	30	10	0	0
Italy	310	160	150	35	15	15
Netherlands	170	70	100	50	25	25
Poland	115	65	55	45	20	25
Portugal	65	35	30	20	10	10
Romania	45	25	20	30	10	15
Russian Federation	10	0	0	30	0	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	30	20	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,060	540	515	350	185	165
Other places of birth in Europe	150	65	80	130	75	60
Africa	100	70	35	45	15	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	15	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	10	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	35	20	20	20	10	10
Asia	580	270	315	185	50	130
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	80	45	30	20	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	50	25	30	0	0	0
India	70	40	30	35	15	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	25	20	15	10	10
Iraq	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	25	30	10	10	10
Lebanon	10	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	25	0	0	0
Philippines	95	25	70	40	0	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	10	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	85	40	45	25	0	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	20	15	65	50	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	245	125	120	120	60	65
Americas	145	65	80	30	25	10
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	20	25	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	10	25	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	40	15	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	35	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	0	0	0	0
Asia	60	25	35	40	10	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	10	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	20	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	30,275	14,790	15,485	12,725	6,340	6,380
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,325	2,475	2,850	1,630	785	850
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,520	3,145	3,375	2,450	1,210	1,240
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	18,430	9,165	9,260	8,635	4,345	4,295
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,005	965	1,040	775	325	450
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	640	375	260	400	170	225
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	280	215	65	155	90	70
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	355	165	195	245	85	155
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	940	355	580	300	115	180
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	405	230	180	75	30	40
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	10	20	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	30,275	14,790	15,490	12,720	6,340	6,380
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,395	650	745	740	340	400
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,350	630	715	725	335	390
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,005	480	530	290	165	120
Métis	340	155	190	430	165	265
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	15	20	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	28,880	14,135	14,740	11,980	6,000	5,980
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	30,280	14,790	15,490	12,725	6,340	6,385
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	660	305	355	145	80	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	29,620	14,485	15,135	12,585	6,255	6,325
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	30,275	14,790	15,490	12,720	6,340	6,385
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	385	185	195	115	60	55
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	385	185	195	115	65	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	340	160	180	65	40	25
Métis single ancestry	45	25	20	50	25	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,525	760	760	795	330	465
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,500	745	750	780	315	465
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,200	590	605	415	175	240
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	295	150	140	360	135	220
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	20	10	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	28,375	13,840	14,530	11,810	5,945	5,865
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	30,275	14,790	15,490	12,725	6,340	6,380
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,555	780	775	595	230	365
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	170	100	70	165	60	105
Chinese	210	100	105	90	25	65
Black	365	215	145	30	20	15
Filipino	115	30	80	70	25	45
Latin American	290	140	150	65	20	50
Arab	105	55	55	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	45	10	30	50	15	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	70	25	40	10	0	0
Korean	90	40	50	10	10	10
Japanese	20	0	15	45	20	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	35	30	15	15	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	10	10	50	40	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	28,725	14,015	14,710	12,130	6,110	6,015
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	30,280	14,790	15,490	12,725	6,340	6,385
North American Aboriginal origins	1,910	945	955	910	390	515
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,565	770	795	490	225	265
Inuit	10	0	0	10	10	10
Métis	360	190	170	425	170	250
Other North American origins	9,910	4,840	5,070	3,715	1,910	1,800
Acadian	40	20	15	15	10	0
American	895	400	495	205	135	80
Canadian	9,270	4,590	4,675	3,580	1,835	1,745
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	24,195	11,745	12,445	10,515	5,235	5,280
British Isles origins	16,370	7,815	8,550	6,930	3,365	3,565
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	9,945	4,765	5,180	4,260	2,115	2,145
Irish	6,295	2,895	3,400	2,160	985	1,175
Manx	10	0	15	0	0	0
Scottish	6,315	3,020	3,295	2,880	1,335	1,550
Welsh	690	320	370	320	190	130
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	685	310	380	365	185	180
French origins	3,825	1,895	1,930	1,675	800	875
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,820	1,895	1,925	1,675	800	875
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,870	3,755	4,125	3,905	1,885	2,020
Austrian	220	115	110	215	125	95
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	175	75	100	115	40	70
Dutch	1,900	880	1,020	805	430	380
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	6,125	2,955	3,165	2,955	1,365	1,590
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	145	65	85	155	85	70
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	730	300	430	1,455	715	740
Danish	95	40	50	120	55	65
Finnish	145	70	75	85	50	40
Icelandic	30	10	20	100	45	55
Norwegian	175	65	110	670	355	315
Swedish	320	130	190	570	245	325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	0	85	35	45
Eastern European origins	4,075	1,965	2,110	2,590	1,300	1,290
Bulgarian	20	15	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	80	50	35	95	50	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	75	30	45	45	25	25
Estonian	15	15	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	975	440	535	320	130	190
Latvian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	55	40	15	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,735	815	920	575	260	310
Romanian	200	100	100	85	45	40
Russian	320	175	145	620	325	295
Slovak	150	80	80	45	25	20
Ukrainian	960	445	510	1,155	600	555
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	30	10	20
Southern European origins	4,020	2,040	1,980	930	455	470
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	180	65	115	75	30	45
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	150	95	55	55	35	15
Italian	2,910	1,500	1,415	520	260	260
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Maltese	115	55	55	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	185	75	105	110	60	50
Serbian	65	40	30	10	0	10
Sicilian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	50	25	25	15	10	10
Spanish	315	140	175	155	65	85
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	115	75	45	50	20	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	165	100	65	90	30	55
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	40	30	15	60	20	35
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	110	65	45	25	10	20
Caribbean origins	290	140	150	50	35	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	10	10	15	15	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Jamaican	85	40	45	20	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	40	30	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	20	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	255	140	120	145	60	85
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Chilean	15	0	10	30	10	20
Colombian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	15	10	10	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	80	60	25	75	30	45
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	65	35	35	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	10
African origins	190	110	75	80	40	35
Central and West African origins	25	20	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	65	40	25	45	25	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	30	15	15	20	10	15
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	95	50	45	35	15	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	90	45	45	35	15	20
Asian origins	975	455	520	565	225	335
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	275	135	145	80	45	35
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	85	40	50	15	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israeli	45	20	25	15	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	40	20	25	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	30	35	20	10	10
Palestinian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	15	15	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	200	120	80	155	65	85
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	170	105	65	155	70	85
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	40	10	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	505	205	300	345	125	220
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	270	115	155	125	35	95
Filipino	110	30	80	85	35	55
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	15	0	15
Japanese	25	10	10	85	40	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	50	30	15	15
Laotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	0	20	20	10	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	25	10	15	145	65	85
Australian	20	10	15	60	25	35
New Zealander	0	0	0	45	30	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	45	10	35
Fijian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,180	...	...	5,095	...	...
Owner	10,365	...	...	3,985	...	...
Renter	2,825	...	...	1,110	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,185	...	...	5,095	...	...
Condominium	185	...	...	490	...	...
Not condominium	12,995	...	...	4,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,180	...	...	5,090	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,130	...	...	360	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,530	...	...	1,065	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,695	...	...	1,635	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,800	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,185	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,220	...	...	920	...	...
5 rooms	2,165	...	...	655	...	...
6 rooms	2,460	...	...	600	...	...
7 rooms	2,245	...	...	765	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,100	...	...	2,155	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,180	...	...	5,090	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,115	...	...	5,065	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,180	...	...	5,095	...	...
Suitable	12,855	...	...	4,965	...	...
Not suitable	325	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,180	...	...	5,095	...	...
1960 or before	5,645	...	...	360	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,080	...	...	1,475	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,165	...	...	685	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,405	...	...	795	...	...
2001 to 2005	740	...	...	355	...	...
2006 to 2010	720	...	...	895	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	430	...	...	535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,185	...	...	5,090	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,055	...	...	4,875	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,125	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,185	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,935	...	...	2,630	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,090	...	...	2,285	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	165	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,185	...	...	5,095	...	...
15 to 24 years	195	...	...	125	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,155	...	...	620	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,625	...	...	815	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,605	...	...	1,045	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,060	...	...	1,280	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,625	...	...	775	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,390	...	...	340	...	...
85 years and over	530	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,120	...	...	4,910	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,850	...	...	3,715	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,270	...	...	1,200	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,890	...	...	1,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,315	...	...	3,815	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.0	...	...	67.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	18.4	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	992	...	...	1,474	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,106	...	...	1,492	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	229,699	...	...	501,229	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	266,897	...	...	596,138	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,815	...	...	1,105	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.6	...	...	11.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	49.0	...	...	38.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	825	...	...	1,088	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	856	...	...	1,082	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	26,020	12,610	13,405	10,705	5,330	5,370
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,840	2,415	2,425	1,500	805	695
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,800	4,015	4,790	3,300	1,625	1,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,375	6,185	6,195	5,895	2,900	3,000
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,465	1,765	700	1,360	1,065	295
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,145	715	430	500	305	190
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,320	1,050	270	860	760	105
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,015	2,645	3,365	2,570	950	1,615
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	520	275	250	255	115	140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,375	1,495	1,875	1,715	770	940
Bachelor's degree	2,295	975	1,315	1,080	475	605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	315	130	185	175	80	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	50	30	35	30	10
Master's degree	625	295	330	350	145	205
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	40	20	75	40	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	15,875	7,730	8,145	7,315	3,620	3,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,825	970	860	625	375	245
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,220	2,495	2,725	2,100	1,060	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,820	4,260	4,565	4,590	2,180	2,410
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,590	1,105	480	955	770	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	755	450	300	320	210	110
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	835	650	185	640	555	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,455	1,975	2,485	2,130	785	1,340
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	340	180	160	195	70	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,440	1,005	1,435	1,305	550	760
Bachelor's degree	1,710	665	1,040	835	340	495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	230	100	130	140	65	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	25	20	15	10	0
Master's degree	420	190	230	260	105	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	20	20	55	30	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	26,020	12,615	13,405	10,700	5,335	5,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,645	6,430	7,215	4,805	2,435	2,375
Education	860	200	660	415	105	315
13. Education	860	200	655	415	105	315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	380	170	205	230	75	155
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	60	30	40	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	290	110	185	195	45	150
Humanities	565	280	290	215	90	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	20	15	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	85	20	70	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	205	70	135	60	25	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	25	15	35	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	80	30	40	30	10
54. History	85	65	15	25	0	20
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,350	465	885	390	130	255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	55	70	30	25	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	355	55	295	75	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	170	45	125	115	25	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	290	100	190	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	400	195	205	115	70	50
Business, management and public administration	2,285	830	1,450	1,130	400	730
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	210	40	170	50	15	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,080	790	1,285	1,080	390	685
Physical and life sciences and technologies	410	230	180	210	130	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	65	60	80	35	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	55	60	50	35	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	130	100	30	70	55	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	20	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	330	170	160	135	75	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	275	150	125	105	55	45
25. Library science	30	0	30	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	0	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,895	2,735	155	1,610	1,475	135
04. Architecture and related services	55	30	25	25	15	10
14. Engineering	240	220	20	155	115	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	565	515	55	255	200	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	700	695	0	455	440	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	780	760	20	510	490	20
48. Precision production	555	520	35	215	215	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	200	105	160	105	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	220	140	85	105	70	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	60	25	55	35	20
Health and related fields	1,825	320	1,505	995	145	850
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	175	85	95	70	30	40
51. Health professions and related programs	1,635	235	1,400	920	110	810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	10	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,180	585	595	400	175	230
12. Personal and culinary services	555	145	410	265	65	200
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	400	255	150	60	40	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	225	185	40	75	60	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	15,870	7,730	8,145	7,310	3,620	3,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,050	3,465	3,580	2,725	1,440	1,285
Education	520	125	395	285	60	225
13. Education	520	125	395	285	60	225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	265	120	145	175	45	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	50	25	30	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	185	65	120	150	25	125
Humanities	355	170	190	160	65	100
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	40	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	55	95	60	25	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	30	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	45	20	25	15	10
54. History	50	45	10	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,055	340	720	335	115	225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	50	55	30	25	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	295	50	245	65	10	55
22. Legal professions and studies	120	30	85	95	0	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	205	55	150	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	320	145	175	105	65	45
Business, management and public administration	1,640	580	1,065	920	310	615
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	30	135	50	10	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,475	550	925	870	300	570
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	140	155	160	95	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	40	60	60	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	30	40	50	30	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	65	30	40	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	280	150	130	120	65	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	230	140	95	95	55	40
25. Library science	30	0	30	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,945	1,830	115	1,255	1,130	120
04. Architecture and related services	45	20	25	20	10	0
14. Engineering	150	140	10	100	65	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	400	360	40	205	160	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	445	445	0	335	330	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	555	540	20	410	400	15
48. Precision production	345	330	20	180	175	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	180	85	120	70	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205	130	75	80	45	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	50	15	40	25	15
Health and related fields	1,340	220	1,125	790	110	680
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	105	55	50	55	20	30
51. Health professions and related programs	1,230	160	1,070	735	90	645
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	865	410	450	270	105	155
12. Personal and culinary services	390	115	280	175	40	130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	305	165	140	50	30	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	125	30	45	35	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	26,020	12,610	13,410	10,700	5,335	5,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,645	6,430	7,215	4,800	2,430	2,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,375	6,185	6,195	5,900	2,900	2,995
Location of study inside Canada	10,565	5,290	5,280	5,205	2,560	2,640
Same as province or territory of residence	10,105	5,065	5,040	3,445	1,640	1,805
Different than province or territory of residence	450	220	230	1,760	920	840
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,815	900	915	695	340	355
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,005	440	570	195	100	95
Philippines	50	15	30	20	0	15
India	45	35	15	15	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	260	170	95	155	80	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	435	235	205	305	150	155
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	15,870	7,730	8,145	7,310	3,615	3,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,050	3,465	3,580	2,720	1,440	1,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,825	4,260	4,565	4,590	2,180	2,410
Location of study inside Canada	7,715	3,740	3,975	4,115	1,970	2,145
Same as province or territory of residence	7,455	3,615	3,835	2,770	1,270	1,505
Different than province or territory of residence	265	125	140	1,345	700	645
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,110	520	590	475	215	260
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	660	270	395	160	75	80
Philippines	35	15	20	20	0	20
India	35	25	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	75	25	75	40	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	265	140	130	210	95	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	26,020	12,615	13,410	10,705	5,335	5,370
In the labour force	14,725	7,540	7,185	7,235	3,840	3,395
Employed	13,595	6,890	6,705	6,690	3,525	3,165
Unemployed	1,125	650	480	545	310	230
Not in the labour force	11,295	5,075	6,220	3,465	1,495	1,970
Participation rate	56.6	59.8	53.6	67.6	72.0	63.2
Employment rate	52.2	54.6	50.0	62.5	66.1	58.9
Unemployment rate	7.6	8.6	6.7	7.5	8.1	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	26,020	12,615	13,410	10,700	5,330	5,370
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,505	4,700	5,800	2,915	1,240	1,675
Worked	15,520	7,910	7,605	7,785	4,095	3,695
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,900	4,360	3,540	3,595	2,100	1,500
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,615	3,550	4,060	4,190	1,995	2,195
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	43.0	41.9	40.8	41.5	39.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	14,720	7,540	7,185	7,240	3,835	3,400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	305	155	145	80	45	40
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	14,420	7,380	7,040	7,155	3,795	3,360
Employee	12,765	6,345	6,410	5,900	3,020	2,880
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,655	1,030	625	1,260	775	485
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	14,720	7,535	7,180	7,240	3,840	3,400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	300	160	145	80	45	35
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	14,420	7,380	7,035	7,155	3,795	3,365
0 Management occupations	1,345	755	590	945	625	320
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,310	630	1,680	1,005	260	740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	585	460	120	360	280	75
3 Health occupations	945	150	795	480	60	415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,395	455	940	590	180	415
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	295	165	130	180	65	110
6 Sales and service occupations	3,780	1,405	2,375	1,585	570	1,015
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,630	2,510	120	1,450	1,340	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	350	280	70	295	215	85
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	785	570	220	270	200	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	14,725	7,535	7,185	7,235	3,835	3,395
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	305	155	145	80	45	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	14,420	7,380	7,040	7,155	3,795	3,360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	175	130	50	275	170	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	20	10	190	170	20
22 Utilities	120	90	35	85	60	20
23 Construction	1,285	1,175	115	805	675	130
31-33 Manufacturing	1,570	1,150	430	590	405	185
41 Wholesale trade	440	300	140	275	200	70
44-45 Retail trade	1,705	680	1,030	765	380	380
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	945	570	375	450	350	100
51 Information and cultural industries	170	80	85	85	60	20
52 Finance and insurance	360	105	250	195	60	135
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	110	65	165	65	95
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	655	300	365	465	205	260
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	735	485	250	370	205	165
61 Educational services	860	260	600	420	115	300
62 Health care and social assistance	1,485	240	1,245	695	115	580
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	745	420	325	160	65	95
72 Accommodation and food services	1,385	480	910	635	200	430
81 Other services (except public administration)	700	330	365	325	155	175
91 Public administration	860	465	395	225	135	90
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	13,595	6,890	6,705	6,695	3,525	3,165
Worked at home	835	405	435	835	415	420
Worked outside Canada	400	170	230	10	15	0
No fixed workplace address	1,740	1,325	415	1,225	935	290
Worked at usual place	10,620	4,990	5,625	4,620	2,160	2,455
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	10,620	4,990	5,625	4,620	2,160	2,460
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,675	2,450	3,225	1,050	380	665
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,255	2,095	2,160	2,785	1,360	1,425
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	650	435	215	665	320	345
Commute to a different province or territory	45	20	25	125	100	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	12,360	6,315	6,045	5,845	3,100	2,745
Car, truck, van - as a driver	10,880	5,575	5,305	5,075	2,735	2,340
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	815	410	410	265	90	175
Public transit	120	40	80	115	50	60
Walked	345	170	180	145	55	95
Bicycle	60	50	10	25	20	0
Other method	130	70	60	220	145	80
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	12,355	6,315	6,040	5,845	3,095	2,745
Less than 15 minutes	4,630	2,115	2,525	1,540	755	790
15 to 29 minutes	3,865	1,935	1,930	2,395	1,295	1,095
30 to 44 minutes	2,440	1,380	1,065	1,390	715	670
45 to 59 minutes	655	335	325	290	160	125
60 minutes and over	760	555	205	230	170	60
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	12,355	6,320	6,040	5,840	3,095	2,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,110	800	300	400	295	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,160	1,360	800	1,240	830	405
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,000	1,555	1,445	1,725	875	850
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,585	1,015	1,575	1,095	445	650
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,335	480	850	620	205	415
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,175	1,110	1,070	765	445	325
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	15,990	8,145	7,845	7,995	4,180	3,810
Single responses	15,915	8,115	7,795	7,975	4,185	3,795
Official languages	15,890	8,105	7,785	7,965	4,180	3,785
English	15,845	8,100	7,740	7,960	4,175	3,785
French	50	0	45	10	10	0
Non-official languages	25	15	10	0	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	20	55	20	0	20
English and French	30	15	15	20	0	15
English and non-official language	40	10	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	15,995	8,145	7,845	7,995	4,185	3,815
None	15,700	8,020	7,680	7,875	4,120	3,755
English	40	15	25	10	10	0
French	145	50	95	55	30	30
Non-official language	90	45	40	45	20	30
Aboriginal	10	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	80	45	35	45	25	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	30,020	14,635	15,385	12,595	6,280	6,315
Non-movers	26,640	12,990	13,650	10,660	5,335	5,325
Movers	3,380	1,645	1,735	1,935	950	990
Non-migrants	1,560	765	795	650	350	300
Migrants	1,820	880	945	1,285	600	685
Internal migrants	1,650	800	845	1,245	585	660
Intraprovincial migrants	1,545	740	805	870	400	475
Interprovincial migrants	105	60	40	375	185	185
External migrants	175	80	95	40	15	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	28,970	14,110	14,865	12,120	6,040	6,080
Non-movers	19,085	9,325	9,760	6,795	3,380	3,415
Movers	9,885	4,785	5,100	5,325	2,660	2,665
Non-migrants	4,610	2,120	2,495	1,870	925	940
Migrants	5,280	2,665	2,610	3,455	1,735	1,720
Internal migrants	4,845	2,460	2,380	3,275	1,660	1,615
Intraprovincial migrants	4,510	2,275	2,235	2,250	1,125	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	335	185	150	1,035	540	490
External migrants	430	205	225	180	75	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Fort Erie, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Erie, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Fort Erie, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Erie, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia