Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Catharines, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	St. Catharines, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Cherryville, UNP British Columbia [Designated place]
	Data quality , St. Catharines, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : St. Catharines, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	133,113	...	...	695	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	131,400	...	...	614	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.3	...	...	13.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	59,879	...	...	313	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	56,873	...	...	301	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,384.8	...	...	16.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	96.13	...	...	42.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	133,110	63,490	69,620	695	370	325
0 to 14 years	18,840	9,615	9,225	120	60	60
0 to 4 years	6,020	3,085	2,930	30	15	20
5 to 9 years	6,385	3,235	3,155	40	20	20
10 to 14 years	6,435	3,295	3,140	45	20	25
15 to 64 years	85,400	41,260	44,135	440	230	215
15 to 19 years	7,445	3,780	3,665	25	15	10
20 to 24 years	9,515	4,645	4,875	15	5	10
25 to 29 years	8,875	4,405	4,470	25	15	10
30 to 34 years	7,770	3,810	3,965	30	15	15
35 to 39 years	7,025	3,355	3,675	50	25	25
40 to 44 years	7,500	3,615	3,885	35	15	20
45 to 49 years	8,310	3,985	4,330	45	30	20
50 to 54 years	10,105	4,790	5,315	50	20	25
55 to 59 years	9,790	4,675	5,115	85	45	45
60 to 64 years	9,060	4,210	4,850	75	45	35
65 years and over	28,875	12,610	16,265	135	85	50
65 to 69 years	8,665	4,065	4,595	55	35	20
70 to 74 years	6,615	3,080	3,540	35	20	15
75 to 79 years	5,040	2,285	2,755	25	20	5
80 to 84 years	3,980	1,620	2,360	10	10	0
85 years and over	4,575	1,565	3,010	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	2,830	1,095	1,735	5	5	0
90 to 94 years	1,410	405	1,005	0	0	5
95 to 99 years	300	65	240	0	0	0
100 years and over	30	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.2	15.1	13.3	17.3	16.2	18.5
15 to 64 years	64.2	65.0	63.4	63.3	62.2	66.2
65 years and over	21.7	19.9	23.4	19.4	23.0	15.4
85 years and over	3.4	2.5	4.3	0.7	0.0	1.5
Average age of the population	43.7	42.3	44.9	44.7	45.9	43.4
Median age of the population	44.7	43.0	46.2	49.9	51.2	48.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	56,875	...	...	305	...	...
Single-detached house	32,390	...	...	220	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	6,135	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	18,255	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,280	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	4,620	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,375	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,775	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	210	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	95	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	56,875	...	...	300	...	...
1 person	18,155	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	20,070	...	...	120	...	...
3 persons	8,330	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	6,745	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	3,575	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	129,845	...	...	690	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	114,275	53,875	60,400	570	310	265
Married or living common law	60,600	30,300	30,300	360	180	180
Married	50,565	25,300	25,260	275	135	135
Living common law	10,035	5,000	5,035	85	40	40
Not married and not living common law	53,675	23,570	30,100	215	130	80
Never married	32,190	16,785	15,400	110	75	40
Separated	4,405	1,845	2,555	20	15	5
Divorced	8,315	3,170	5,145	45	30	15
Widowed	8,770	1,770	7,000	40	15	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	36,975	...	...	205	...	...
2 persons	20,295	...	...	125	...	...
3 persons	7,875	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	6,250	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	2,560	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	36,980	...	...	205	...	...
Total couple families	29,515	...	...	175	...	...
Married couples	24,500	...	...	135	...	...
Common-law couples	5,015	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,470	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	6,085	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	1,380	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	29,515	...	...	180	...	...
Couples without children	15,630	...	...	100	...	...
Couples with children	13,875	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	5,820	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	5,685	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	2,370	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,465	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,660	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	2,055	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	755	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	26,930	12,045	14,885	130	85	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	56,870	...	...	300	...	...
One-census-family households	35,315	...	...	195	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,955	...	...	100	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	20,360	...	...	95	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	820	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	20,735	...	...	100	...	...
One-person households	18,155	...	...	90	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,585	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	130,625	62,560	68,070	695	370	325
English only	120,145	58,210	61,935	660	350	310
French only	110	40	70	0	0	0
English and French	9,395	3,920	5,475	30	20	15
Neither English nor French	970	380	590	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	130,625	62,560	68,070	690	370	325
English	126,575	60,815	65,765	685	365	320
French	2,675	1,170	1,505	5	0	0
English and French	430	210	220	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	945	370	580	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,890	1,270	1,620	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.2	2.0	2.4	1.4	1.4	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	130,625	62,555	68,070	690	370	325
Single responses	128,590	61,645	66,950	685	365	320
Official languages	107,535	51,920	55,615	645	345	300
English	104,760	50,695	54,065	640	340	300
French	2,770	1,225	1,545	5	5	0
Non-official languages	21,060	9,720	11,340	45	20	20
Aboriginal languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,040	9,715	11,325	40	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,555	795	755	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bilen	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	15	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,505	775	730	0	0	0
Amharic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,365	700	670	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	20	5	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	370	175	200	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	135	55	80	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240	120	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	820	315	505	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	60	30	35	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	695	260	440	0	0	5
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	160	80	75	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tamil	45	20	25	0	0	0
Telugu	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,190	6,565	7,625	35	20	20
Albanian	120	55	60	0	0	0
Armenian	175	85	95	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	4,100	1,800	2,295	5	5	0
Baltic languages	105	35	65	0	0	0
Latvian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,995	1,770	2,230	5	5	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	140	75	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Croatian	210	100	115	0	0	0
Czech	135	70	65	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Polish	1,760	745	1,015	5	0	0
Russian	480	220	260	0	0	0
Serbian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	140	65	75	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	150	55	90	0	0	0
Ukrainian	700	290	410	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,460	1,520	1,935	25	10	10
Afrikaans	30	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dutch	1,100	500	600	5	0	5
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	2,195	950	1,245	20	10	10
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	285	130	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	870	445	430	0	0	0
Bengali	105	60	45	0	0	0
Gujarati	140	70	65	0	0	0
Hindi	115	65	50	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	45	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	325	160	160	0	0	0
Iranian languages	375	190	185	0	0	0
Kurdish	150	75	75	0	0	0
Pashto	25	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	200	100	95	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,780	2,325	2,455	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,270	1,110	1,160	0	0	0
Portuguese	280	120	155	0	0	0
Romanian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Spanish	2,080	1,015	1,065	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	80	20	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	475	215	260	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	305	145	160	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	75	35	40	0	0	0
Swahili	65	30	40	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	20	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,230	985	1,250	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,225	980	1,245	0	0	0
Cantonese	370	175	195	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,685	720	965	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	225	105	115	0	0	0
Lao	205	100	105	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	75	40	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	450	205	245	0	0	0
Estonian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Finnish	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	340	155	190	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,035	915	1,120	10	5	5
English and French	425	195	230	5	0	5
English and non-official language	1,475	660	815	0	5	0
French and non-official language	80	35	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	130,625	62,555	68,070	695	370	325
Single responses	126,495	60,690	65,800	690	370	325
Official languages	117,680	56,615	61,065	670	355	320
English	116,865	56,255	60,605	670	355	315
French	820	360	455	0	0	0
Non-official languages	8,810	4,075	4,735	20	10	5
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,810	4,070	4,735	15	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	830	410	420	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	815	405	410	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	765	375	385	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	15	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	225	110	115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	85	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	340	155	185	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	20	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	135	155	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,025	2,320	2,710	15	10	5
Albanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Armenian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,635	750	885	5	0	0
Baltic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,610	740	865	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	95	50	40	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Croatian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Polish	735	320	420	5	5	0
Russian	300	145	155	0	0	0
Serbian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	170	75	90	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	395	180	215	10	5	5
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	45	20	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	330	145	185	10	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	45	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	685	340	340	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	475	240	235	0	0	0
Bengali	65	35	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	85	45	45	0	0	0
Hindi	55	30	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Urdu	180	90	90	0	0	0
Iranian languages	210	105	105	0	0	0
Kurdish	95	45	50	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,080	945	1,140	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	625	245	375	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	45	60	0	0	0
Romanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Spanish	1,280	620	670	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	345	155	190	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	25	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	20	10	0	0	5
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,550	690	855	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,540	685	855	0	0	0
Cantonese	195	90	105	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,250	545	705	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	45	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
Lao	130	60	65	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	55	70	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	45	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,135	1,865	2,265	5	5	5
English and French	320	145	180	5	0	0
English and non-official language	3,710	1,680	2,035	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	35	35	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	130,630	62,560	68,070	695	370	325
None	118,190	56,865	61,330	665	355	315
English	4,285	2,020	2,270	15	10	5
French	1,525	620	905	0	0	0
Non-official language	6,415	2,950	3,465	10	5	5
Aboriginal	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,385	2,940	3,450	10	5	5
English and French	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	40	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	90	40	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	111,055	52,605	58,445	570	310	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	107,290	50,845	56,450	550	305	245
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,110	36,358	26,059	22,496	30,400	18,528
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	107,325	50,845	56,480	550	300	250
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,833	32,963	24,392	21,664	26,944	18,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	94,170	45,460	48,705	455	260	195
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,355	34,102	22,248	20,384	27,648	16,075
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,985	36,865	46,125	440	240	200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,089	6,002	7,575	8,656	9,568	8,224
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,045	38,180	36,860	360	205	155
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,259	31,419	24,258	20,672	32,832	14,176
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	111,055	52,610	58,445	600	330	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	107,255	50,820	56,440	575	330	240
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,919	46,239	34,228	28,347	33,102	21,766
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	107,295	50,820	56,475	570	335	240
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,091	38,816	29,839	25,137	28,669	20,248
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,075	45,315	48,760	440	265	175
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,097	45,367	31,340	27,039	31,774	19,779
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,030	37,025	46,005	475	270	200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,401	7,939	8,772	8,981	9,191	8,701
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,045	37,975	37,070	355	210	145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,272	42,350	32,071	28,774	36,260	18,106
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	111,060	52,610	58,445	595	335	265
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	32,505	17,655	14,855	100	75	30
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,639	52,713	42,798	48,248	48,381	0
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,697	62,375	49,949	48,766	49,804	0
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.9	87.8	79.0	78.8	81.3	71.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.5	68.9	61.3	62.4	69.2	51.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.1	12.2	21.0	21.7	18.7	28.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	111,060	52,610	58,450	570	310	265
Without total income	3,765	1,765	2,000	25	10	15
With total income	107,290	50,845	56,445	555	300	250
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.6	96.6	97.4	96.8	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,020	6,530	8,485	95	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	20,920	8,110	12,805	145	75	75
$20,000 to $29,999	17,525	6,800	10,725	95	45	50
$30,000 to $39,999	13,670	6,255	7,420	65	30	30
$40,000 to $49,999	11,280	5,605	5,675	35	25	10
$50,000 to $59,999	8,280	4,565	3,710	40	35	10
$60,000 to $69,999	5,610	3,300	2,310	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,775	2,340	1,435	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,885	1,825	1,065	20	15	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,490	1,465	1,025	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	5,840	4,055	1,785	10	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	4,165	2,810	1,360	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	1,675	1,240	430	5	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	111,060	52,610	58,445	570	315	265
Without after-tax income	3,730	1,765	1,965	20	10	10
With after-tax income	107,325	50,845	56,480	550	300	245
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.6	96.6	96.5	95.2	92.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,465	6,600	8,865	100	35	65
$10,000 to $19,999	21,910	8,520	13,390	150	70	80
$20,000 to $29,999	20,165	8,070	12,090	105	55	50
$30,000 to $39,999	15,780	7,490	8,290	60	35	25
$40,000 to $49,999	12,305	6,560	5,740	50	40	10
$50,000 to $59,999	7,475	4,320	3,155	25	25	5
$60,000 to $69,999	4,705	3,020	1,685	20	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,575	2,165	1,405	15	10	5
$80,000 and over	5,950	4,095	1,855	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,200	1,380	820	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,175	830	340	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,580	1,885	695	5	0	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	111,055	52,605	58,445	570	310	260
Without employment income	36,010	14,430	21,585	210	105	105
With employment income	75,045	38,185	36,865	365	200	160
Percentage with employment income	67.6	72.6	63.1	64.0	64.5	61.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,600	6,690	5,915	90	35	55
$5,000 to $9,999	6,535	2,895	3,640	25	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	11,320	4,870	6,450	60	20	40
$20,000 to $29,999	9,515	4,090	5,425	40	30	10
$30,000 to $39,999	8,000	3,620	4,380	40	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	6,975	3,320	3,655	25	15	5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,260	3,020	2,240	25	20	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,565	2,200	1,370	15	15	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,615	1,675	935	15	10	5
$80,000 and over	8,655	5,800	2,855	25	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,185	1,360	815	15	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,165	1,225	940	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	4,305	3,215	1,095	10	10	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	56,870	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,256	...	...	46,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,360	...	...	41,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	18,155	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,676	...	...	20,373	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,160	...	...	20,203	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	38,715	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,985	...	...	60,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,907	...	...	55,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	56,870	...	...	300	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,282	...	...	54,335	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,317	...	...	48,182	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	18,115	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,326	...	...	24,382	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,511	...	...	22,905	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	38,760	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,621	...	...	63,877	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,248	...	...	56,234	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	56,875	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	990	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	815	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,040	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,710	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,045	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,755	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,900	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,900	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,870	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,690	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,100	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,430	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,925	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,225	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,885	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,600	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,100	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,185	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,110	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,200	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	56,875	...	...	300	...	...
Under $5,000	1,030	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	820	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,050	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,855	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,420	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,095	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,290	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,405	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,305	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,150	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,725	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,950	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,145	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,380	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,700	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,555	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,325	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,380	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,855	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	36,725	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,681	...	...	59,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,408	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,695	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,033	...	...	53,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,271	...	...	48,128	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	14,055	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,338	...	...	85,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,562	...	...	73,856	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,005	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,420	...	...	42,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,544	...	...	41,088	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	36,715	...	...	215	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,625	...	...	64,921	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,956	...	...	57,028	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,650	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,524	...	...	53,579	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,444	...	...	47,926	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	14,080	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,389	...	...	82,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,917	...	...	71,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,970	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,153	...	...	56,401	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,329	...	...	49,930	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	24,335	10,925	13,405	115	75	35
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,548	29,041	26,831	20,208	24,000	19,200
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,716	26,548	25,327	20,112	23,488	19,008
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	24,315	10,890	13,425	90	75	0
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,227	37,576	35,132	22,356	23,461	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,219	31,793	30,752	21,132	22,124	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	129,845	62,195	67,650	690	370	325
In the bottom half of the distribution	73,590	34,060	39,530	500	260	240
In the bottom decile	15,885	7,435	8,450	120	60	60
In the second decile	15,370	6,635	8,735	120	65	60
In the third decile	14,735	6,680	8,050	75	40	40
In the fourth decile	13,890	6,635	7,255	110	60	50
In the fifth decile	13,710	6,680	7,025	65	35	35
In the top half of the distribution	56,260	28,135	28,125	195	110	80
In the sixth decile	13,065	6,435	6,625	65	40	25
In the seventh decile	12,410	6,140	6,275	35	20	20
In the eighth decile	11,475	5,725	5,745	40	25	15
In the ninth decile	10,770	5,475	5,300	40	25	15
In the top decile	8,535	4,365	4,175	15	10	10
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	129,845	62,195	67,650	690	370	325
0 to 17 years	23,000	11,725	11,280	140	70	70
0 to 5 years	7,235	3,715	3,525	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	80,390	38,645	41,740	420	220	200
65 years and over	26,455	11,830	14,630	135	80	50
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	22,715	10,165	12,545	185	95	90
0 to 17 years	5,490	2,845	2,650	40	20	20
0 to 5 years	1,935	980	955	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	14,040	6,265	7,780	110	50	55
65 years and over	3,180	1,060	2,120	40	25	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.5	16.3	18.5	26.8	25.7	27.7
0 to 17 years (%)	23.9	24.3	23.5	28.6	28.6	28.6
0 to 5 years (%)	26.7	26.4	27.1	33.3	25.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.5	16.2	18.6	26.2	22.7	27.5
65 years and over (%)	12.0	9.0	14.5	29.6	31.3	30.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	13,055	6,205	6,850	60	30	30
0 to 17 years	2,655	1,375	1,285	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	950	470	480	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,770	4,590	5,185	40	20	20
65 years and over	620	240	385	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.1	10.0	10.1	8.7	8.1	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.7	11.4	10.7	7.1	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	13.1	12.7	13.6	11.1	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	11.9	12.4	9.5	9.1	10.0
65 years and over (%)	2.3	2.0	2.6	3.7	6.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	129,845	62,200	67,650	720	395	325
Official languages	128,880	61,775	67,100	705	390	315
English	128,805	61,755	67,050	705	385	320
French	9,415	3,910	5,505	35	15	20
Non-official languages	25,770	11,960	13,810	60	40	20
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,745	11,950	13,800	60	35	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,210	1,100	1,110	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	75	50	30	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	55	45	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,130	1,060	1,070	0	0	0
Amharic	40	15	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,920	945	975	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	100	60	45	0	0	0
Maltese	55	25	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	35	10	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	60	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	465	215	250	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	190	85	105	0	0	0
Vietnamese	275	140	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,070	415	655	10	10	0
Bikol	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,030	405	635	0	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	115	65	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	20	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	45	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	225	105	120	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	100	45	50	0	0	0
Tamil	85	45	35	0	0	0
Telugu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,405	8,110	9,290	45	30	15
Albanian	130	55	75	0	0	0
Armenian	210	105	105	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	4,530	2,045	2,480	10	10	0
Baltic languages	100	50	40	0	0	0
Latvian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	4,455	2,010	2,440	10	10	10
Belarusan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	180	80	100	0	0	0
Bulgarian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Croatian	295	145	150	0	0	0
Czech	115	60	50	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	50	30	0	0	0
Polish	2,005	855	1,155	0	0	0
Russian	700	350	350	10	10	10
Serbian	170	95	75	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slovak	110	50	65	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	175	75	100	0	0	0
Ukrainian	820	355	465	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	60	40	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	35	20	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,015	1,765	2,250	25	15	10
Afrikaans	85	40	45	0	0	0
Danish	40	20	15	10	10	0
Dutch	1,160	525	630	0	0	10
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	2,710	1,175	1,535	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Swedish	50	15	40	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	300	145	150	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,475	785	690	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,085	575	515	0	0	0
Bengali	150	90	65	0	0	0
Gujarati	170	85	80	0	0	0
Hindi	440	235	205	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	45	15	25	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	245	120	125	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Urdu	380	205	175	0	0	0
Iranian languages	400	225	175	0	0	0
Kurdish	160	75	80	0	0	0
Pashto	15	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	250	145	105	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,115	3,400	3,720	10	10	0
Catalan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,220	1,510	1,705	10	10	0
Portuguese	430	190	240	0	0	0
Romanian	170	85	85	0	0	0
Spanish	3,530	1,705	1,825	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	155	45	110	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	525	230	295	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	550	245	305	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	105	45	60	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lingala	15	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	95	45	55	0	0	0
Swahili	150	75	75	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	80	30	45	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	165	85	85	15	10	10
American Sign Language	100	45	55	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	10	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,560	1,255	1,300	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,555	1,255	1,300	0	0	0
Cantonese	570	260	315	0	0	0
Hakka	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,050	990	1,060	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	60	35	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	90	55	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	320	120	205	0	0	0
Lao	260	105	155	0	0	0
Thai	85	20	65	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	130	80	55	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	15	0	0	0	0
Turkish	80	40	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	510	230	280	0	0	0
Estonian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Finnish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	385	170	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	129,845	62,200	67,650	720	395	320
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	123,100	59,095	64,000	710	385	325
Canadian citizens aged under 18	22,400	11,480	10,920	140	60	80
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	100,695	47,615	53,080	565	325	245
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,750	3,100	3,650	10	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	129,845	62,195	67,650	720	395	325
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	102,935	49,595	53,340	650	345	310
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	24,545	11,410	13,135	65	50	15
Before 1981	12,070	5,550	6,520	45	35	10
1981 to 1990	2,685	1,265	1,425	0	10	0
1991 to 2000	3,040	1,425	1,615	10	10	10
2001 to 2010	4,770	2,265	2,505	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,335	1,110	1,230	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,435	1,160	1,275	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,980	905	1,080	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,365	1,190	1,175	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	24,545	11,405	13,140	65	50	15
Under 5 years	3,045	1,470	1,575	15	15	0
5 to 14 years	5,010	2,545	2,470	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	5,825	2,570	3,255	25	10	10
25 to 44 years	9,160	4,105	5,055	25	15	10
45 years and over	1,500	720	785	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	24,545	11,410	13,135	70	50	15
Americas	4,620	2,195	2,425	15	10	0
Brazil	45	0	40	0	0	0
Colombia	620	290	330	0	0	0
El Salvador	260	115	150	0	0	0
Guyana	80	40	40	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	480	300	180	0	0	0
Mexico	205	95	105	0	0	0
Peru	65	30	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	335	165	170	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,380	600	775	15	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	1,135	545	590	0	0	0
Europe	13,150	6,055	7,095	50	35	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	170	75	95	0	0	0
Croatia	175	90	85	0	0	0
France	90	35	55	0	10	0
Germany	920	365	555	10	0	0
Greece	170	95	75	0	0	0
Hungary	250	130	125	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	165	85	80	0	0	0
Italy	1,750	890	860	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,005	490	515	0	10	10
Poland	1,375	570	805	10	0	0
Portugal	185	85	105	0	0	0
Romania	200	95	115	0	0	0
Russian Federation	245	100	145	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	135	70	65	0	0	0
Ukraine	435	185	250	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	4,620	2,120	2,505	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,260	585	675	10	10	0
Africa	1,545	740	805	0	0	0
Algeria	75	30	45	0	0	0
Egypt	130	60	65	0	0	0
Ethiopia	45	20	30	0	0	0
Kenya	70	40	35	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	90	35	55	0	0	0
Somalia	55	45	15	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	155	65	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	895	425	465	0	0	0
Asia	5,160	2,370	2,785	10	0	0
Afghanistan	70	30	40	0	0	0
Bangladesh	70	45	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	710	310	400	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	80	30	55	0	0	0
India	690	310	380	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	185	125	55	0	0	0
Iraq	120	60	55	0	0	0
Japan	55	10	50	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	200	80	120	0	0	0
Lebanon	110	60	50	0	0	0
Pakistan	235	135	100	0	0	0
Philippines	1,025	410	615	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	75	40	35	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	190	100	90	0	0	0
Taiwan	55	20	30	0	0	0
Viet Nam	245	110	140	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,055	510	540	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	65	45	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,980	905	1,080	0	0	0
Americas	495	245	250	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	95	40	50	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	115	70	45	0	0	0
Mexico	20	20	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	140	55	90	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	55	30	0	0	0
Europe	195	90	105	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	35	20	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	40	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	25	35	0	0	0
Africa	255	110	140	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	20	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	150	60	90	0	0	0
Asia	1,025	450	575	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	255	110	150	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	155	60	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Philippines	280	135	140	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	15	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	95	25	70	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	129,845	62,195	67,650	715	395	320
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	27,510	12,920	14,595	70	60	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	29,525	14,070	15,455	155	85	70
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	72,815	35,215	37,600	495	255	240
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	12,790	6,030	6,765	25	15	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	4,780	2,350	2,435	10	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,980	1,180	795	10	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,805	1,170	1,635	0	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	4,365	1,840	2,520	15	15	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	3,460	1,750	1,710	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	185	90	100	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	129,845	62,195	67,650	720	395	325
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,550	1,585	1,955	25	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,395	1,515	1,880	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,145	985	1,160	10	10	0
Métis	1,195	505	695	10	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	65	25	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	90	45	40	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	126,300	60,610	65,690	690	380	315
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	129,845	62,195	67,650	720	395	325
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,095	470	625	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	128,750	61,720	67,025	710	385	325
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	129,845	62,195	67,650	720	395	320
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	595	275	320	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	580	265	310	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	435	200	245	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	120	60	60	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,685	2,085	2,605	50	25	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,560	2,030	2,530	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,440	1,540	1,895	20	0	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,085	460	620	30	20	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	25	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	125	50	80	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	110	45	65	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	124,570	59,835	64,730	670	370	300
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	129,845	62,195	67,650	720	395	320
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	16,525	8,035	8,490	35	20	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,865	885	980	0	0	0
Chinese	2,695	1,315	1,385	0	0	0
Black	3,715	1,885	1,825	10	10	10
Filipino	1,465	630	830	10	0	0
Latin American	2,175	1,035	1,140	0	0	0
Arab	1,440	715	725	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	875	395	485	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	340	180	155	0	0	0
Korean	550	250	300	0	0	0
Japanese	230	85	140	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	280	160	115	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	895	490	400	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	113,325	54,160	59,160	685	370	315
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	129,850	62,195	67,650	720	390	320
North American Aboriginal origins	5,275	2,355	2,920	50	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,015	1,795	2,220	20	10	15
Inuit	75	45	30	0	0	0
Métis	1,330	570	755	30	20	0
Other North American origins	36,645	17,715	18,930	240	130	110
Acadian	125	65	65	0	0	0
American	2,210	1,105	1,100	0	10	0
Canadian	35,105	16,940	18,165	240	125	110
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	125	80	45	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Québécois	70	35	35	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	10	10	0	0	0
European origins	99,670	47,230	52,435	600	320	280
British Isles origins	63,185	29,830	33,350	370	185	185
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	36,475	17,160	19,315	225	110	115
Irish	23,695	10,880	12,815	145	70	75
Manx	35	20	15	0	0	0
Scottish	27,000	12,710	14,295	180	70	115
Welsh	2,655	1,275	1,380	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,070	1,935	2,135	25	25	0
French origins	14,890	6,865	8,030	130	70	65
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	14,890	6,865	8,025	130	70	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	25,770	12,310	13,465	245	130	115
Austrian	870	395	470	15	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	355	190	165	10	0	0
Dutch	9,255	4,425	4,825	45	20	25
Flemish	55	25	30	0	10	0
Frisian	35	15	20	0	0	0
German	16,910	8,065	8,850	135	70	70
Luxembourger	0	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	445	180	260	45	25	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,855	1,270	1,585	140	65	75
Danish	760	395	365	30	10	30
Finnish	690	290	400	10	0	10
Icelandic	170	85	80	0	0	0
Norwegian	570	275	295	80	45	35
Swedish	720	230	495	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	115	55	60	15	0	10
Eastern European origins	19,720	9,350	10,370	115	65	55
Bulgarian	170	105	65	0	0	0
Byelorussian	105	45	55	0	0	0
Czech	470	230	240	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	185	90	90	0	0	0
Estonian	170	60	100	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,340	1,105	1,235	0	0	0
Latvian	245	125	115	0	0	0
Lithuanian	265	125	140	10	10	0
Moldovan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Polish	7,610	3,495	4,115	30	10	25
Romanian	705	335	370	10	0	0
Russian	2,635	1,285	1,350	30	10	20
Slovak	750	365	385	0	0	0
Ukrainian	7,475	3,565	3,915	60	40	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	60	15	50	0	0	0
Southern European origins	17,505	8,555	8,950	20	15	10
Albanian	160	75	85	0	0	0
Bosnian	265	130	140	0	0	0
Catalan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	770	395	380	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	870	450	420	0	0	0
Italian	12,200	5,920	6,285	15	0	10
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	130	85	45	0	0	0
Maltese	290	130	160	0	0	0
Montenegrin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	960	520	440	0	0	0
Serbian	310	140	170	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	540	260	285	0	0	0
Spanish	1,505	675	835	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	255	115	140	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	420	210	210	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	250	135	110	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	135	55	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	2,435	1,280	1,155	15	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	325	165	160	0	0	0
Bermudan	40	25	10	0	0	0
Carib	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cuban	115	65	50	0	0	0
Dominican	80	45	35	0	0	0
Grenadian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,205	670	535	15	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	0	15	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	405	205	200	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	225	105	120	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	55	25	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,775	1,415	1,360	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	150	80	75	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	90	35	50	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chilean	45	15	30	0	0	0
Colombian	730	370	360	0	0	0
Costa Rican	60	30	30	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Guatemalan	315	145	165	0	0	0
Guyanese	150	80	70	0	0	0
Hispanic	95	45	45	0	0	0
Honduran	85	40	40	0	0	0
Maya	85	35	50	0	0	0
Mexican	315	195	120	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	75	35	40	0	0	0
Panamanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	60	20	35	0	0	0
Peruvian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Salvadorean	300	160	140	0	0	0
Uruguayan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	140	55	85	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	95	70	30	0	0	0
African origins	3,290	1,580	1,710	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	510	220	290	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Guinean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	200	85	115	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	15	35	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	80	25	55	0	0	0
North African origins	1,115	535	580	0	0	0
Algerian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	300	165	135	0	0	0
Libyan	215	110	105	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	505	225	275	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	685	330	355	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ethiopian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	15	15	0	0	0	0
Somali	110	65	45	0	0	0
South African	125	75	50	0	0	0
Tanzanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	90	35	50	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	60	20	35	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,025	505	515	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	145	85	60	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	875	425	450	0	0	10
Asian origins	11,050	5,275	5,770	20	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,720	1,395	1,325	0	0	0
Afghan	90	35	55	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	330	165	160	0	0	0
Armenian	605	285	315	0	0	0
Assyrian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	180	110	70	0	0	0
Iraqi	175	85	90	0	0	0
Israeli	45	25	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	125	35	90	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	180	95	85	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	415	210	200	0	0	0
Palestinian	205	110	100	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Syrian	160	90	70	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	225	115	115	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	50	35	20	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	115	60	55	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,090	975	1,110	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bengali	55	30	25	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,620	755	865	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	45	20	20	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	130	60	75	0	0	0
Punjabi	120	45	70	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	75	45	30	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	95	50	45	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,320	2,965	3,360	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	270	115	155	0	0	0
Chinese	3,325	1,655	1,670	0	0	0
Filipino	1,530	650	885	0	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Japanese	280	110	170	10	10	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	600	265	340	0	0	0
Laotian	320	140	185	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Thai	130	40	90	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	430	225	205	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	65	30	35	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	65	30	40	0	0	0
Oceania origins	185	100	85	0	0	0
Australian	135	80	60	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	20	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	56,870	...	...	300	...	...
Owner	37,915	...	...	230	...	...
Renter	18,960	...	...	70	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	56,875	...	...	295	...	...
Condominium	5,350	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	51,525	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	56,875	...	...	295	...	...
No bedrooms	185	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	7,560	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,950	...	...	100	...	...
3 bedrooms	23,865	...	...	100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,320	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	56,875	...	...	295	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	13,865	...	...	90	...	...
5 rooms	8,515	...	...	55	...	...
6 rooms	9,425	...	...	45	...	...
7 rooms	8,570	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,495	...	...	70	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	56,875	...	...	300	...	...
One person or fewer per room	56,370	...	...	295	...	...
More than 1 person per room	505	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	56,875	...	...	300	...	...
Suitable	54,855	...	...	275	...	...
Not suitable	2,020	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	56,875	...	...	300	...	...
1960 or before	19,760	...	...	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	22,250	...	...	100	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,445	...	...	65	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,280	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,775	...	...	35	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,330	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,025	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	56,870	...	...	295	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	53,405	...	...	270	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,470	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	56,870	...	...	300	...	...
1 household maintainer	35,130	...	...	180	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,510	...	...	105	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,225	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	56,875	...	...	295	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,975	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,285	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,845	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,710	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,120	...	...	80	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,495	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,955	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	2,490	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	56,760	...	...	285	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	40,735	...	...	210	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	16,030	...	...	80	...	...
30% to less than 100%	14,320	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	37,860	...	...	220	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	36.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.1	...	...	20.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,036	...	...	375	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,143	...	...	690	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,909	...	...	299,793	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	293,123	...	...	305,345	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	18,960	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	50.4	...	...	38.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	885	...	...	803	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	907	...	...	733	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	111,060	52,605	58,445	600	335	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,160	9,775	10,390	165	95	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	34,445	16,315	18,130	210	120	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,455	26,525	29,930	220	120	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,455	5,880	2,575	100	80	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,055	2,440	1,615	45	40	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,405	3,440	965	55	40	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25,270	10,535	14,730	75	30	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,745	705	1,035	30	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,985	9,405	11,580	15	0	15
Bachelor's degree	14,270	6,100	8,175	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,325	605	715	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	605	400	215	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,040	1,835	2,205	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	740	470	270	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	67,725	32,220	35,505	410	240	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,060	3,740	3,320	80	55	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,655	9,755	9,900	175	100	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,010	18,725	22,285	155	80	75
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,175	3,545	1,630	60	45	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,540	1,510	1,030	20	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,640	2,040	600	40	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,910	7,980	10,930	55	30	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,090	455	640	25	10	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,830	6,740	9,090	15	0	10
Bachelor's degree	10,775	4,520	6,255	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	985	415	570	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	460	275	190	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,075	1,215	1,860	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	535	320	215	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	111,055	52,610	58,450	600	335	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	54,600	26,085	28,515	380	215	170
Education	4,235	1,185	3,050	20	0	20
13. Education	4,235	1,185	3,055	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,145	945	1,205	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	330	250	75	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,820	695	1,130	10	10	0
Humanities	3,240	1,370	1,870	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	415	115	300	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	760	310	445	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	750	290	465	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	40	0	30	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	205	115	85	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	435	255	190	0	0	0
54. History	480	240	240	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	155	35	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,570	2,025	4,545	0	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	105	15	90	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	635	290	350	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,485	105	1,375	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	750	175	570	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	15	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,360	315	1,045	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,145	1,105	1,035	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,790	4,060	6,735	35	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	15	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,070	205	860	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,690	3,840	5,850	30	15	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,675	920	750	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	745	365	380	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	295	165	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	495	350	145	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,695	1,055	635	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,275	885	385	0	10	0
25. Library science	150	10	140	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	260	155	110	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,590	9,905	680	80	80	0
04. Architecture and related services	275	215	60	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,370	1,155	220	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,610	2,350	255	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,010	1,960	50	10	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,255	2,235	15	35	35	0
48. Precision production	2,065	1,990	75	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	970	615	355	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	725	445	280	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	245	165	75	0	0	0
Health and related fields	9,800	2,055	7,750	25	0	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,145	550	595	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,490	1,400	7,085	25	0	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	170	100	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,725	2,390	2,340	30	10	20
12. Personal and culinary services	2,805	915	1,890	25	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,250	865	390	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	640	585	55	0	0	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	67,725	32,220	35,505	410	240	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,715	13,495	13,220	255	155	100
Education	2,810	735	2,080	15	0	10
13. Education	2,810	735	2,075	10	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,720	780	945	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	280	215	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,440	565	880	0	0	0
Humanities	2,225	915	1,315	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	300	80	220	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	510	195	315	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	545	215	330	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	35	10	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	140	80	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	280	160	115	0	0	0
54. History	340	145	195	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	30	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,120	1,500	3,620	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	80	15	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	540	230	305	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,180	75	1,095	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	580	130	460	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	15	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,025	245	780	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,640	795	845	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,915	2,915	4,995	30	15	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	830	145	685	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,055	2,765	4,290	25	15	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,175	625	555	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	545	265	280	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	225	125	105	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	315	215	105	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	15	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,400	880	515	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,095	765	330	10	10	0
25. Library science	115	10	100	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	190	105	85	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,125	6,590	535	45	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	225	165	55	0	0	0
14. Engineering	950	765	180	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,790	1,605	185	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,380	1,335	45	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,505	1,495	10	20	20	0
48. Precision production	1,275	1,215	65	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	740	440	300	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	550	310	245	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	130	60	0	10	0
Health and related fields	7,310	1,570	5,735	20	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	910	420	495	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,275	1,085	5,190	20	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	70	55	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,465	1,780	1,690	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,010	680	1,330	20	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	925	610	315	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	515	470	40	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	111,055	52,610	58,450	600	335	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	54,605	26,080	28,520	380	215	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	56,455	26,525	29,925	220	120	100
Location of study inside Canada	47,990	22,305	25,680	185	105	80
Same as province or territory of residence	45,310	20,995	24,315	160	95	70
Different than province or territory of residence	2,675	1,310	1,365	25	10	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,465	4,220	4,245	40	20	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,415	1,200	1,210	20	15	10
Philippines	400	160	240	0	0	0
India	365	160	200	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,330	835	500	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	400	155	245	0	0	0
France	50	20	30	0	0	0
Other	3,495	1,680	1,820	15	0	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	67,720	32,220	35,505	410	240	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,715	13,495	13,215	255	155	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	41,010	18,725	22,285	155	85	75
Location of study inside Canada	35,495	16,195	19,295	135	70	60
Same as province or territory of residence	33,740	15,330	18,405	115	65	50
Different than province or territory of residence	1,755	865	895	20	0	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,510	2,525	2,990	25	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,760	830	930	15	10	10
Philippines	310	120	190	0	0	0
India	310	130	180	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	400	225	180	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	300	125	170	0	0	0
France	35	10	20	0	0	0
Other	2,405	1,085	1,315	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	111,055	52,610	58,450	600	335	265
In the labour force	67,010	33,520	33,490	295	180	120
Employed	61,575	30,660	30,915	255	160	95
Unemployed	5,435	2,860	2,575	40	25	20
Not in the labour force	44,045	19,095	24,955	305	155	150
Participation rate	60.3	63.7	57.3	49.2	53.7	45.3
Employment rate	55.4	58.3	52.9	42.5	47.8	35.8
Unemployment rate	8.1	8.5	7.7	13.6	13.9	16.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	111,055	52,610	58,445	600	335	265
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	41,995	18,145	23,855	250	135	115
Worked	69,060	34,470	34,590	350	200	145
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	33,250	18,130	15,120	115	80	35
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	35,815	16,335	19,475	235	120	115
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.5	42.3	38.3	38.9	37.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	67,005	33,515	33,495	300	180	120
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,565	750	810	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	65,440	32,765	32,680	290	180	110
Employee	59,045	28,770	30,275	220	135	85
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,400	3,990	2,405	70	45	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	67,005	33,515	33,490	295	180	120
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,565	750	815	0	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	65,445	32,760	32,680	290	180	115
0 Management occupations	6,690	3,840	2,850	25	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,420	2,505	5,920	20	0	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,000	2,495	500	10	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,860	920	3,935	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,265	2,330	4,940	10	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,860	850	1,010	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	19,880	7,940	11,940	85	40	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,895	8,405	490	85	85	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,575	1,155	420	30	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,005	2,320	685	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	67,010	33,515	33,490	295	180	120
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,565	755	810	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	65,445	32,765	32,680	290	180	115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,470	910	560	40	30	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	135	115	20	15	10	0
22 Utilities	205	125	80	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,365	3,950	415	40	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,760	4,530	1,235	30	25	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,080	1,445	630	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,150	3,970	5,175	30	0	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,540	1,925	615	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	990	535	455	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,990	835	1,155	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,215	625	590	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,130	1,720	1,415	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	15	55	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,925	2,215	1,710	10	10	0
61 Educational services	5,100	1,690	3,410	20	10	15
62 Health care and social assistance	8,430	1,480	6,955	20	10	20
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,875	955	920	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	7,070	2,780	4,300	25	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,075	1,370	1,705	25	20	10
91 Public administration	2,870	1,575	1,290	10	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	61,570	30,660	30,915	250	160	100
Worked at home	3,575	1,690	1,890	35	25	10
Worked outside Canada	385	250	135	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,445	4,785	1,665	45	45	0
Worked at usual place	51,165	23,930	27,230	165	80	85
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	51,165	23,930	27,235	165	85	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	29,800	12,650	17,150	45	0	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15,425	7,375	8,050	115	70	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,820	3,845	1,975	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	125	65	55	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	57,615	28,715	28,900	215	130	85
Car, truck, van - as a driver	46,655	23,655	23,000	195	120	75
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,385	1,990	2,395	20	10	10
Public transit	2,450	945	1,505	0	0	0
Walked	2,955	1,375	1,585	0	0	0
Bicycle	570	410	160	0	0	0
Other method	600	340	255	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	57,610	28,715	28,895	220	130	85
Less than 15 minutes	22,035	9,765	12,275	55	25	30
15 to 29 minutes	22,850	11,010	11,835	25	15	10
30 to 44 minutes	6,595	3,840	2,755	60	40	15
45 to 59 minutes	2,525	1,560	970	40	15	25
60 minutes and over	3,600	2,535	1,065	40	40	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	57,610	28,715	28,895	215	135	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,590	2,565	1,020	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,665	6,100	3,560	35	25	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,845	6,715	6,130	75	45	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,345	5,095	8,245	25	10	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,390	2,945	4,445	25	0	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,780	5,295	5,485	25	15	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	71,455	35,670	35,790	355	205	145
Single responses	70,890	35,415	35,470	355	205	145
Official languages	70,470	35,180	35,290	340	195	145
English	70,195	35,110	35,090	340	200	145
French	270	70	200	0	0	0
Non-official languages	420	240	185	15	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	420	240	185	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	185	115	70	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	25	20	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	10	10	0
Russian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	20	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	115	65	45	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	110	65	45	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	85	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	160	85	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	130	75	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	570	255	320	0	0	0
English and French	245	75	165	0	0	0
English and non-official language	305	165	140	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	71,455	35,665	35,795	350	205	150
None	68,955	34,575	34,375	335	190	145
English	380	165	215	10	10	10
French	920	355	565	10	10	0
Non-official language	1,165	550	610	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,165	555	610	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	128,650	61,550	67,105	710	390	320
Non-movers	111,250	52,935	58,315	600	320	275
Movers	17,400	8,615	8,785	105	70	40
Non-migrants	10,720	5,290	5,425	40	20	20
Migrants	6,685	3,320	3,360	65	45	20
Internal migrants	5,755	2,875	2,875	65	40	20
Intraprovincial migrants	5,240	2,615	2,630	45	30	20
Interprovincial migrants	515	265	245	15	15	0
External migrants	930	450	480	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	123,850	59,140	64,710	675	375	300
Non-movers	77,080	36,550	40,530	460	255	215
Movers	46,770	22,585	24,180	215	125	85
Non-migrants	27,545	13,380	14,160	80	35	45
Migrants	19,230	9,210	10,015	135	85	45
Internal migrants	15,615	7,500	8,115	125	80	45
Intraprovincial migrants	14,220	6,770	7,450	105	65	35
Interprovincial migrants	1,395	730	665	30	20	10
External migrants	3,610	1,710	1,900	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. St. Catharines, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cherryville, UNP [Designated place], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Catharines, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census St. Catharines, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Catharines, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Cherryville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia