Census Profile, 2016 Census
Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Saint-Guy, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Haldimand-Norfolk, CDR Ontario [Census division]			Saint-Guy, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario Map : Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Guy, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	109,787	...	...	54	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	109,118	...	...	91	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.6	...	...	-40.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	48,249	...	...	66	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	43,559	...	...	35	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	37.9	...	...	0.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,894.76	...	...	139.82	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	109,790	54,590	55,195	55	30	25
0 to 14 years	17,455	8,985	8,470	0	0	0
0 to 4 years	5,640	2,855	2,785	0	0	0
5 to 9 years	5,785	2,980	2,805	5	0	0
10 to 14 years	6,035	3,155	2,875	0	0	0
15 to 64 years	69,645	34,755	34,895	25	15	5
15 to 19 years	6,575	3,275	3,295	0	0	0
20 to 24 years	6,305	3,300	3,005	0	0	0
25 to 29 years	5,580	2,840	2,740	0	5	0
30 to 34 years	5,645	2,840	2,805	0	0	0
35 to 39 years	5,455	2,740	2,715	0	0	0
40 to 44 years	5,910	2,950	2,960	0	0	0
45 to 49 years	6,925	3,400	3,520	0	0	0
50 to 54 years	8,820	4,355	4,470	0	0	0
55 to 59 years	9,380	4,645	4,735	15	10	0
60 to 64 years	9,045	4,405	4,640	5	5	0
65 years and over	22,685	10,855	11,835	25	10	15
65 to 69 years	7,765	3,930	3,830	10	0	5
70 to 74 years	5,690	2,775	2,915	10	5	5
75 to 79 years	3,840	1,935	1,910	0	0	5
80 to 84 years	2,685	1,215	1,470	0	0	0
85 years and over	2,700	1,000	1,705	5	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,745	695	1,055	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	770	250	520	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	170	50	125	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	5	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	16.5	15.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
15 to 64 years	63.4	63.7	63.2	45.5	50.0	20.0
65 years and over	20.7	19.9	21.4	45.5	33.3	60.0
85 years and over	2.5	1.8	3.1	9.1	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	43.5	42.8	44.2	62.2	60.5	64.2
Median age of the population	46.5	45.5	47.4	63.5	60.7	68.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	43,555	...	...	35	...	...
Single-detached house	36,520	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	410	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	6,410	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,220	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	1,415	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	925	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	220	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	43,560	...	...	35	...	...
1 person	10,550	...	...	20	...	...
2 persons	17,410	...	...	10	...	...
3 persons	6,310	...	...	0	...	...
4 persons	5,620	...	...	0	...	...
5 or more persons	3,670	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	107,590	...	...	55	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	1.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	92,330	45,600	46,730	55	30	25
Married or living common law	57,860	29,090	28,770	20	10	10
Married	49,090	24,710	24,380	15	5	5
Living common law	8,775	4,385	4,390	10	5	0
Not married and not living common law	34,465	16,515	17,955	30	15	15
Never married	20,470	11,415	9,055	15	15	10
Separated	2,725	1,285	1,440	0	0	0
Divorced	5,115	2,400	2,720	10	5	0
Widowed	6,155	1,415	4,740	5	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	32,785	...	...	15	...	...
2 persons	18,275	...	...	10	...	...
3 persons	6,230	...	...	0	...	...
4 persons	5,355	...	...	0	...	...
5 or more persons	2,930	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	32,785	...	...	15	...	...
Total couple families	28,385	...	...	10	...	...
Married couples	24,000	...	...	10	...	...
Common-law couples	4,390	...	...	5	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,405	...	...	0	...	...
Female parent	3,320	...	...	0	...	...
Male parent	1,080	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	28,380	...	...	10	...	...
Couples without children	15,575	...	...	10	...	...
Couples with children	12,810	...	...	0	...	...
1 child	5,005	...	...	0	...	...
2 children	4,995	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	2,800	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,400	...	...	5	...	...
1 child	2,700	...	...	0	...	...
2 children	1,225	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	475	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,570	7,010	7,560	20	15	10
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	43,560	...	...	35	...	...
One-census-family households	31,335	...	...	15	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,955	...	...	10	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,380	...	...	5	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	715	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,510	...	...	25	...	...
One-person households	10,550	...	...	20	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	960	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	108,550	54,150	54,405	55	30	25
English only	104,400	52,270	52,125	0	0	0
French only	15	10	10	35	20	15
English and French	3,335	1,425	1,910	15	10	10
Neither English nor French	800	440	355	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	108,550	54,145	54,405	55	30	25
English	106,850	53,280	53,570	0	0	0
French	885	430	460	55	30	20
English and French	55	30	25	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	755	410	345	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	915	445	475	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	108,550	54,145	54,405	55	30	25
Single responses	107,850	53,805	54,050	55	30	25
Official languages	97,780	48,795	48,990	55	30	25
English	96,790	48,330	48,460	0	0	0
French	995	470	525	55	30	25
Non-official languages	10,070	5,005	5,060	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,060	5,005	5,050	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	30	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	25	90	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	20	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,015	4,535	4,475	0	0	0
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,035	485	550	0	0	0
Baltic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Latvian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	975	455	525	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Czech	45	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Polish	400	170	230	0	0	0
Russian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Serbian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	65	25	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	210	95	110	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,020	2,965	3,060	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dutch	1,325	665	660	0	0	0
Frisian	75	40	35	0	0	0
German	4,215	2,085	2,135	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	335	145	195	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	50	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	155	80	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	55	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	20	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,705	950	755	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	355	195	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	860	445	415	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	450	290	160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	70	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	35	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	515	240	270	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	485	235	255	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	695	345	350	0	0	0
English and French	135	60	70	0	0	0
English and non-official language	530	265	265	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	108,550	54,145	54,405	50	30	20
Single responses	107,395	53,565	53,825	55	30	25
Official languages	103,685	51,675	52,010	55	30	25
English	103,505	51,580	51,925	0	0	0
French	180	85	85	50	25	20
Non-official languages	3,710	1,895	1,815	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,705	1,895	1,815	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	10	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,365	1,725	1,640	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	90	110	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	85	110	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	35	50	0	0	0
Russian	20	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,345	1,165	1,175	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	110	55	55	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,115	1,060	1,055	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	5	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	50	40	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	5	15	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	690	405	285	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	320	150	170	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	325	230	90	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	25	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,155	580	575	0	0	0
English and French	65	40	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,075	535	540	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	108,550	54,145	54,405	55	30	25
None	103,440	51,695	51,750	50	30	25
English	1,580	780	795	0	0	0
French	555	240	320	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,935	1,415	1,520	0	0	0
Aboriginal	35	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,905	1,405	1,500	0	0	0
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	90,160	44,555	45,605	55	25	25
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,225	43,275	43,950	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,265	41,851	26,123	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,275	43,280	43,995	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,351	37,401	24,399	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	78,535	39,945	38,585	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,049	39,215	22,296	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,860	29,325	34,535	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,845	7,991	7,756	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,550	33,910	29,635	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,042	37,815	24,004	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	90,160	44,555	45,605	55	30	20
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,335	43,255	44,080	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,731	49,086	34,513	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,390	43,260	44,130	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,623	41,196	30,159	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	78,545	39,865	38,680	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,196	46,736	31,425	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,830	29,310	34,520	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,864	8,869	8,861	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,545	33,710	29,835	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,602	44,236	32,235	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	90,160	44,560	45,600	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	29,585	17,310	12,275	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,887	57,884	43,090	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,694	62,686	48,246	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.7	88.2	79.5	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.9	70.2	62.1	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.3	11.8	20.5	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	90,160	44,555	45,605	x	x	x
Without total income	2,930	1,275	1,655	x	x	x
With total income	87,230	43,280	43,950	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.8	97.1	96.4	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,490	4,420	7,075	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	15,605	5,880	9,730	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	12,885	5,230	7,660	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	10,750	5,155	5,595	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	9,640	4,965	4,670	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	7,130	4,085	3,045	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	5,460	3,535	1,930	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,940	2,680	1,260	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,985	2,090	895	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	2,510	1,605	905	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	4,830	3,635	1,195	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	3,625	2,700	925	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	1,200	935	265	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	90,160	44,560	45,605	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	2,880	1,270	1,610	x	x	x
With after-tax income	87,280	43,285	43,995	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.1	96.5	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,975	4,510	7,470	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	16,320	6,150	10,170	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	14,880	6,265	8,620	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	12,945	6,390	6,550	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	10,490	5,860	4,635	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	7,120	4,595	2,525	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	5,075	3,505	1,570	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,565	2,370	1,190	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	4,910	3,640	1,270	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,015	1,415	595	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,025	795	230	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,870	1,425	445	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	90,160	44,560	45,605	x	x	x
Without employment income	26,610	10,645	15,970	x	x	x
With employment income	63,550	33,915	29,635	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	70.5	76.1	65.0	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,185	6,015	5,170	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	5,470	2,295	3,170	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	8,385	3,520	4,870	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	6,680	2,830	3,845	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	6,540	2,980	3,560	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	5,995	3,115	2,880	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,830	2,860	1,970	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,635	2,530	1,105	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,960	2,045	915	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	7,855	5,720	2,140	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,300	1,630	665	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	2,045	1,300	745	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	3,510	2,790	725	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	43,560	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,686	...	...	31,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,692	...	...	28,736	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,550	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,728	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,841	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	33,005	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,491	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,363	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	43,560	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,669	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,467	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,535	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,473	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,550	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	33,025	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,127	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,921	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	43,560	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	425	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	405	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	965	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,530	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,895	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,615	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,885	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,915	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,930	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,925	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,595	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,435	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,220	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,940	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,670	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,200	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,985	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,230	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,185	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,805	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,560	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	465	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	415	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	980	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,605	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,095	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,790	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,165	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,295	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,300	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,205	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,345	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,065	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,745	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,220	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,580	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,295	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,515	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,355	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,425	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	32,320	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,372	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,194	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,645	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,626	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,379	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,980	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,457	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,971	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,010	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,399	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,841	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	32,335	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,983	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,765	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,645	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,657	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,841	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,975	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,055	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,956	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,045	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,149	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,091	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,825	6,250	6,575	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,716	36,511	28,446	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,193	32,659	26,469	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,810	6,185	6,620	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,742	43,111	36,592	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,132	36,324	32,082	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	107,590	53,525	54,065	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	54,250	26,200	28,050	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	7,730	3,780	3,955	x	x	x
In the second decile	10,670	4,805	5,865	x	x	x
In the third decile	12,050	5,825	6,225	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	11,680	5,725	5,960	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	12,115	6,065	6,050	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	53,335	27,325	26,010	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	11,765	5,920	5,845	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	11,895	6,055	5,840	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	11,770	6,045	5,720	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	10,845	5,650	5,195	x	x	x
In the top decile	7,065	3,660	3,410	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	107,455	53,455	53,995	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	21,275	10,890	10,385	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	6,760	3,450	3,310	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	64,750	32,145	32,605	x	x	x
65 years and over	21,430	10,420	11,005	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,620	5,875	6,745	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	2,995	1,540	1,455	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,045	550	495	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	7,210	3,390	3,825	x	x	x
65 years and over	2,420	945	1,475	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.7	11.0	12.5	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	14.1	14.1	14.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.9	15.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	10.5	11.7	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	11.3	9.1	13.4	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,110	2,070	2,045	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	850	450	405	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	275	150	130	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	3,000	1,485	1,510	x	x	x
65 years and over	260	130	130	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.8	3.9	3.8	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	4.1	3.9	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	4.1	4.3	3.9	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.6	4.6	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.2	1.2	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	107,590	53,520	54,065	55	30	25
Official languages	107,005	53,230	53,775	60	30	25
English	106,980	53,225	53,760	15	10	10
French	3,335	1,455	1,885	55	35	25
Non-official languages	11,850	5,735	6,110	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	75	25	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	40	20	25	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,780	5,710	6,065	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	55	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	55	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	40	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	25	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	15	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	40	125	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	35	110	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,440	5,125	5,320	0	0	0
Albanian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,310	625	690	0	0	0
Baltic languages	80	45	30	0	0	0
Latvian	30	0	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	55	35	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,240	585	655	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	130	65	70	0	0	0
Czech	55	35	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Polish	425	200	215	0	0	0
Russian	110	35	80	0	0	0
Serbian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Slovak	95	60	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	0	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	280	115	175	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,800	3,275	3,530	0	0	0
Afrikaans	50	25	25	0	0	0
Danish	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dutch	1,545	795	750	0	0	0
Frisian	110	65	45	0	0	0
German	4,615	2,210	2,405	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	30	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	150	210	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	435	240	205	0	0	0
Greek	155	95	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	150	90	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	30	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,285	1,250	1,035	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	455	250	205	0	0	0
Portuguese	975	515	460	0	0	0
Romanian	80	25	55	0	0	0
Spanish	800	470	325	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	215	90	130	0	0	0
American Sign Language	105	45	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	110	45	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	170	80	90	0	0	0
Chinese languages	170	80	90	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	30	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	85	40	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	20	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	585	265	325	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	550	250	295	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	107,590	53,525	54,060	55	30	20
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	105,430	52,405	53,020	55	35	20
Canadian citizens aged under 18	21,190	10,900	10,290	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	84,240	41,505	42,735	55	30	20
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,160	1,120	1,040	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	107,590	53,525	54,065	55	35	25
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	96,695	48,110	48,590	55	35	25
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	10,545	5,210	5,335	0	0	0
Before 1981	6,380	3,110	3,275	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	1,395	715	675	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,260	610	655	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	445	220	225	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	600	325	275	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	460	230	230	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	350	205	145	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	10,545	5,210	5,335	0	0	0
Under 5 years	1,960	925	1,035	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,855	1,425	1,435	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	2,415	1,180	1,240	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,960	1,500	1,465	0	0	0
45 years and over	350	180	165	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10,545	5,210	5,335	0	0	0
Americas	2,820	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Brazil	35	15	20	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	35	20	15	0	0	0
Guyana	20	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	150	90	65	0	0	0
Mexico	1,570	775	795	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	40	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	655	220	435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	245	145	100	0	0	0
Europe	6,900	3,470	3,425	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	15	0	0	0
Croatia	140	65	70	0	0	0
France	35	20	10	0	0	0
Germany	595	320	275	0	0	0
Greece	60	40	20	0	0	0
Hungary	225	110	115	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Italy	250	140	105	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,300	700	600	0	0	0
Poland	275	115	160	0	0	0
Portugal	635	345	290	0	0	0
Romania	70	25	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	0	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	80	45	35	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	20	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,315	1,100	1,215	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	740	380	360	0	0	0
Africa	170	105	70	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	25	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	60	50	0	0	0
Asia	590	270	330	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	35	40	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	30	15	0	0	0
Philippines	150	40	110	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	35	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	60	50	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	460	230	225	0	0	0
Americas	315	150	160	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mexico	195	95	95	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	25	35	0	0	0
Europe	55	40	10	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	20	10	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	80	25	50	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	40	0	35	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	107,590	53,525	54,060	55	35	20
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	11,165	5,545	5,625	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	20,715	10,295	10,415	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	75,710	37,685	38,020	55	35	20
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,345	2,195	2,155	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,745	885	860	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	580	400	180	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,160	485	675	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,020	990	1,030	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	520	290	230	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	107,590	53,520	54,060	55	30	20
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,450	1,650	1,800	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,355	1,600	1,760	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,630	1,260	1,375	0	0	0
Métis	695	330	365	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	95	50	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	104,140	51,870	52,265	55	35	20
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	107,585	53,520	54,065	55	35	20
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,855	840	1,015	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	105,735	52,685	53,050	55	35	25
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	107,590	53,525	54,065	55	35	20
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	750	310	435	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	745	310	435	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	695	285	410	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	50	25	30	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,975	1,990	1,985	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,940	1,965	1,980	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,305	1,660	1,650	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	635	305	330	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	25	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	102,865	51,220	51,645	55	35	25
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	107,585	53,525	54,065	55	30	20
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,245	1,200	1,045	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	330	185	145	0	0	0
Chinese	240	115	130	0	0	0
Black	800	475	320	0	0	0
Filipino	240	65	175	0	0	0
Latin American	190	95	95	0	0	0
Arab	50	35	15	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	135	60	75	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	40	45	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	50	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	65	45	25	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	105,340	52,325	53,020	55	30	25
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	107,585	53,520	54,060	60	35	20
North American Aboriginal origins	4,725	2,300	2,420	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,035	1,975	2,065	0	0	0
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	720	355	360	0	0	0
Other North American origins	36,680	18,140	18,540	55	35	20
Acadian	125	55	70	0	0	0
American	1,165	495	675	0	0	0
Canadian	35,890	17,790	18,100	55	35	25
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	45	40	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	86,800	42,910	43,890	20	10	10
British Isles origins	56,790	27,450	29,335	10	0	10
Channel Islander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	35,995	17,190	18,805	0	0	0
Irish	19,985	9,325	10,660	0	0	0
Manx	45	35	10	0	0	0
Scottish	23,875	11,345	12,535	0	0	0
Welsh	2,090	1,040	1,055	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,935	1,370	1,565	0	0	0
French origins	8,765	4,325	4,435	15	15	0
Alsatian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,745	4,310	4,435	15	10	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	34,565	17,250	17,320	0	0	0
Austrian	610	265	345	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	4,245	2,180	2,065	0	0	0
Dutch	12,410	6,305	6,105	0	0	0
Flemish	170	85	85	0	0	0
Frisian	205	110	100	0	0	0
German	20,065	9,810	10,260	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	320	145	175	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,790	860	925	0	0	0
Danish	515	225	290	0	0	0
Finnish	250	110	140	0	0	0
Icelandic	125	65	55	0	0	0
Norwegian	455	225	230	0	0	0
Swedish	425	185	240	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	105	65	40	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,215	6,490	6,730	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	330	190	140	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	195	75	125	0	0	0
Estonian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	3,675	1,780	1,900	0	0	0
Latvian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Lithuanian	250	110	135	0	0	0
Moldovan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Polish	3,570	1,750	1,825	0	0	0
Romanian	630	290	335	0	0	0
Russian	1,310	640	670	0	0	0
Slovak	485	265	225	0	0	0
Ukrainian	4,325	2,145	2,180	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,050	3,495	3,555	0	0	0
Albanian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	420	245	175	0	0	0
Cypriot	40	20	20	0	0	0
Greek	340	185	160	0	0	0
Italian	3,600	1,745	1,855	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Maltese	160	100	65	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,550	800	750	0	0	0
Serbian	200	95	95	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	125	45	75	0	0	0
Spanish	535	275	260	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	275	135	140	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	285	130	150	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	115	55	60	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	110	40	70	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	705	445	255	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	135	85	50	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	30	15	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	325	220	105	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	90	60	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	75	50	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	40	30	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,325	645	685	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	975	445	530	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	65	45	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	40	30	15	0	0	0
African origins	445	230	215	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	40	25	20	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	35	35	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	35	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	40	20	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	315	140	175	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	55	35	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	265	110	155	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,525	790	740	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	305	210	95	0	0	0
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	75	50	20	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	45	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	380	220	160	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	275	160	115	0	0	0
Goan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	35	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	30	15	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	855	375	480	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	360	180	185	0	0	0
Filipino	255	75	180	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Japanese	35	25	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	45	45	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	20	45	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	145	80	65	0	0	0
Australian	110	55	55	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	43,560	...	...	45	...	...
Owner	35,400	...	...	45	...	...
Renter	8,155	...	...	0	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	43,560	...	...	40	...	...
Condominium	1,560	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	42,000	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	43,560	...	...	45	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,905	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,455	...	...	15	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,475	...	...	10	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,665	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	43,555	...	...	40	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,445	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	5,445	...	...	20	...	...
6 rooms	7,385	...	...	0	...	...
7 rooms	7,525	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	17,760	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	43,560	...	...	40	...	...
One person or fewer per room	43,310	...	...	40	...	...
More than 1 person per room	245	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	43,555	...	...	45	...	...
Suitable	42,360	...	...	45	...	...
Not suitable	1,200	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	43,560	...	...	40	...	...
1960 or before	16,470	...	...	45	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,165	...	...	0	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,005	...	...	0	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,590	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,215	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,265	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,850	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	43,555	...	...	45	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,690	...	...	25	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,870	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	43,560	...	...	45	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,725	...	...	30	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,280	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	555	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	43,560	...	...	45	...	...
15 to 24 years	755	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,445	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,770	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,495	...	...	0	...	...
55 to 64 years	10,295	...	...	20	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,095	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,160	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	1,545	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,940	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	33,525	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,420	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,665	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,940	...	...	40	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.5	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	216	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,126	...	...	307	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	278,971	...	...	50,166	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	313,599	...	...	74,241	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,045	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.4	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	832	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	854	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	90,160	44,555	45,605	55	35	25
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,555	10,950	9,605	25	15	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	27,760	13,565	14,200	0	0	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,845	20,045	21,800	25	15	10
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,830	6,580	2,255	15	10	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,895	2,485	1,410	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,940	4,095	850	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,350	9,160	13,185	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,365	595	775	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,300	3,710	5,585	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree	6,985	2,695	4,295	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	690	275	415	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	170	100	70	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,300	565	740	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	150	80	70	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55,960	27,545	28,415	20	20	0
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,175	4,715	3,460	0	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,145	8,600	8,540	0	0	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,640	14,225	16,410	10	10	0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,810	4,400	1,410	10	0	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,415	1,580	835	0	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,395	2,820	575	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,285	7,090	10,195	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	815	360	455	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,730	2,380	4,350	0	10	0
Bachelor's degree	5,070	1,760	3,305	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	490	185	305	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	115	60	55	0	0	0
Master's degree	960	335	620	0	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	40	65	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	90,160	44,555	45,605	55	30	25
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	48,310	24,515	23,805	30	15	15
Education	2,750	580	2,165	0	0	0
13. Education	2,750	580	2,170	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,035	380	660	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	115	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	855	265	590	0	0	0
Humanities	1,640	670	970	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	15	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	360	95	260	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	365	95	270	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	80	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	310	205	110	0	0	0
54. History	310	170	140	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,950	925	3,025	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	0	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	120	185	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,400	120	1,275	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	560	140	420	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	15	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	545	110	430	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,020	420	595	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,910	2,065	4,845	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	890	105	790	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,000	1,950	4,055	0	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	805	465	335	0	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	365	190	180	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	175	95	80	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	160	130	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	40	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	785	410	375	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	525	300	215	0	0	0
25. Library science	105	10	90	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	160	90	65	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,340	10,905	435	0	0	0
04. Architecture and related services	205	155	50	0	10	0
14. Engineering	500	450	50	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,235	2,065	170	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,640	2,575	65	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,015	3,965	50	0	0	0
48. Precision production	1,745	1,685	55	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,490	1,095	395	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,200	920	280	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	285	170	115	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,650	900	6,745	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	645	270	370	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,970	605	6,365	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	30	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,490	1,645	1,845	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,835	295	1,540	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	880	630	250	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	765	710	55	0	0	0
Other	15	15	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55,960	27,545	28,415	20	25	0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,320	13,320	12,005	10	10	0
Education	1,695	305	1,390	0	0	0
13. Education	1,695	300	1,390	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	790	280	510	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	90	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	650	185	460	0	0	0
Humanities	1,130	400	725	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	15	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	295	80	215	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	270	60	210	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	40	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	110	75	0	0	0
54. History	200	100	100	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	0	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,980	570	2,410	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	230	90	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,120	55	1,070	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	445	75	370	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	10	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	370	70	305	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	720	280	440	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,115	1,380	3,735	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	730	80	655	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,370	1,290	3,080	0	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	550	295	250	0	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	265	125	135	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	65	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	100	70	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	585	305	280	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	445	250	190	0	0	0
25. Library science	55	10	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	45	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,290	7,890	395	10	0	0
04. Architecture and related services	160	120	45	10	10	0
14. Engineering	310	260	45	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,725	1,575	150	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,925	1,860	65	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,865	2,820	45	0	0	0
48. Precision production	1,300	1,255	50	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,165	825	335	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	945	690	250	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	135	85	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,745	690	5,050	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	500	210	290	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,235	475	4,755	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,590	1,265	1,325	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,275	220	1,060	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	715	490	225	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	595	555	45	0	0	0
Other	15	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	90,160	44,555	45,605	60	35	20
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,315	24,510	23,805	30	15	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	41,845	20,040	21,805	25	15	10
Location of study inside Canada	39,240	18,705	20,535	25	15	10
Same as province or territory of residence	37,875	18,040	19,830	25	15	10
Different than province or territory of residence	1,365	660	705	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,605	1,340	1,270	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	860	355	510	0	0	0
Philippines	95	20	70	0	0	0
India	35	20	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	575	365	215	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	15	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	990	560	435	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55,960	27,545	28,415	20	20	0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,320	13,315	12,005	10	10	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,635	14,225	16,410	15	10	0
Location of study inside Canada	29,135	13,615	15,520	10	10	0
Same as province or territory of residence	28,250	13,185	15,060	10	10	0
Different than province or territory of residence	890	425	460	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,505	615	890	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	635	215	420	0	0	0
Philippines	85	15	70	0	0	0
India	35	20	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	205	110	95	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other	520	250	265	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	90,160	44,555	45,605	55	35	20
In the labour force	55,795	29,500	26,295	10	10	0
Employed	51,965	27,365	24,605	0	0	0
Unemployed	3,830	2,135	1,690	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	34,370	15,060	19,310	50	25	25
Participation rate	61.9	66.2	57.7	18.2	28.6	0.0
Employment rate	57.6	61.4	54.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.2	6.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	90,160	44,555	45,605	55	35	25
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	31,555	13,820	17,735	40	20	25
Worked	58,605	30,735	27,865	10	15	0
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	30,275	17,735	12,535	10	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	28,330	12,995	15,330	10	10	0
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.4	42.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	55,795	29,500	26,295	0	10	0
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,005	545	460	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	54,790	28,955	25,835	10	10	0
Employee	47,630	24,490	23,145	10	10	0
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,160	4,465	2,690	0	0	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	55,795	29,500	26,295	10	10	0
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,005	545	460	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	54,790	28,955	25,835	10	0	0
0 Management occupations	5,780	3,730	2,045	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,730	1,520	5,215	0	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,795	1,400	400	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	3,770	375	3,395	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,990	1,285	3,710	0	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	885	265	615	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	11,640	4,225	7,415	0	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	11,945	11,130	820	0	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,795	1,890	905	0	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,445	3,135	1,310	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	55,795	29,500	26,295	0	10	0
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,005	545	455	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	54,790	28,955	25,840	10	10	0
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,415	2,745	1,665	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	230	210	20	0	0	0
22 Utilities	510	385	125	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,110	4,520	595	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	8,005	6,080	1,920	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,340	1,735	605	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,305	2,740	3,565	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,830	2,075	760	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	585	275	310	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,300	400	895	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	580	350	230	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,900	835	1,060	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	30	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,190	1,250	935	0	10	0
61 Educational services	3,015	705	2,310	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	6,415	665	5,750	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	980	410	570	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,345	1,065	2,280	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,500	1,350	1,150	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,195	1,115	1,075	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	51,965	27,365	24,605	10	10	0
Worked at home	4,670	2,350	2,320	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	135	105	35	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,575	4,990	1,580	0	0	0
Worked at usual place	40,590	19,920	20,670	0	0	0
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	40,590	19,920	20,670	0	0	0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	20,885	9,040	11,845	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,685	1,575	1,115	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,920	9,265	7,655	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	100	45	60	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	47,160	24,910	22,250	10	0	0
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40,945	21,985	18,960	0	10	0
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,995	1,520	1,475	0	0	0
Public transit	290	95	195	0	0	0
Walked	2,410	985	1,420	0	0	0
Bicycle	140	115	25	0	0	0
Other method	390	210	180	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	47,165	24,915	22,250	10	10	0
Less than 15 minutes	14,790	6,700	8,085	0	0	0
15 to 29 minutes	13,660	6,740	6,920	0	0	0
30 to 44 minutes	9,055	4,960	4,095	0	0	0
45 to 59 minutes	4,640	2,865	1,775	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	5,020	3,645	1,375	10	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	47,165	24,915	22,250	10	10	0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,765	4,200	1,565	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,990	6,600	3,390	0	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,490	5,755	5,735	10	10	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,175	2,640	5,535	0	0	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,455	1,130	2,325	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,290	4,590	3,700	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	60,055	31,390	28,660	10	10	0
Single responses	59,890	31,315	28,570	10	15	0
Official languages	59,630	31,165	28,470	15	10	0
English	59,525	31,140	28,385	10	10	0
French	105	20	80	0	10	0
Non-official languages	255	155	105	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250	155	95	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	190	105	85	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	85	70	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	115	65	50	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	45	20	20	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	20	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	35	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	30	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	170	75	90	0	0	0
English and French	45	20	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	60	65	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	60,060	31,395	28,665	15	15	0
None	58,810	30,805	28,000	0	10	0
English	180	70	110	0	10	0
French	285	100	185	0	0	0
Non-official language	765	405	360	0	0	0
Aboriginal	25	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	740	400	340	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	106,475	52,945	53,530	55	35	20
Non-movers	96,585	48,170	48,410	55	30	20
Movers	9,895	4,770	5,125	0	0	0
Non-migrants	4,350	2,160	2,190	0	0	0
Migrants	5,540	2,610	2,935	0	0	0
Internal migrants	5,190	2,460	2,735	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	4,950	2,330	2,620	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	245	130	115	0	0	0
External migrants	345	150	200	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,960	50,650	51,315	55	30	25
Non-movers	72,000	35,850	36,150	50	25	25
Movers	29,965	14,800	15,165	10	10	0
Non-migrants	14,715	7,340	7,370	0	0	0
Migrants	15,250	7,460	7,790	0	10	0
Internal migrants	14,675	7,175	7,500	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	13,990	6,870	7,120	10	10	0
Interprovincial migrants	690	310	380	0	0	0
External migrants	575	280	295	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Haldimand-Norfolk, CDR [Census division], Ontario and Saint-Guy, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Saint-Guy, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Saint-Guy, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Saint-Guy, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec