Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Westbourne, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brant, CDR Ontario [Census division]			Westbourne, RM Manitoba [Dissolved census subdivision]
	Data quality , Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario Map : Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Westbourne, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	134,808	...	...	1,961	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	136,035	...	...	1,878	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	54,626	...	...	613	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	52,722	...	...	547	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	123.3	...	...	1.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,093.22	...	...	1,261.79	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	134,810	65,710	69,095	1,960	1,015	945
0 to 14 years	23,750	12,095	11,660	435	225	215
0 to 4 years	7,560	3,820	3,735	130	60	70
5 to 9 years	8,190	4,165	4,025	145	70	75
10 to 14 years	8,005	4,105	3,895	160	90	65
15 to 64 years	87,390	43,000	44,395	1,220	635	585
15 to 19 years	8,225	4,240	3,985	165	90	75
20 to 24 years	8,045	4,035	4,010	130	70	60
25 to 29 years	7,805	3,845	3,960	120	65	55
30 to 34 years	8,340	4,070	4,270	90	40	50
35 to 39 years	8,215	4,035	4,180	75	35	40
40 to 44 years	8,425	4,150	4,270	110	45	60
45 to 49 years	8,745	4,290	4,455	130	70	60
50 to 54 years	10,385	5,090	5,295	135	70	65
55 to 59 years	9,985	4,825	5,160	140	75	60
60 to 64 years	9,215	4,420	4,800	130	75	55
65 years and over	23,665	10,625	13,040	300	155	140
65 to 69 years	7,870	3,810	4,060	95	40	55
70 to 74 years	5,480	2,580	2,905	85	50	35
75 to 79 years	3,940	1,805	2,130	55	30	25
80 to 84 years	3,030	1,280	1,750	35	15	20
85 years and over	3,345	1,145	2,200	30	25	5
85 to 89 years	2,055	740	1,320	20	20	5
90 to 94 years	1,015	340	665	5	5	0
95 to 99 years	245	55	190	0	0	0
100 years and over	30	0	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	18.4	16.9	22.2	22.2	22.8
15 to 64 years	64.8	65.4	64.3	62.2	62.6	61.9
65 years and over	17.6	16.2	18.9	15.3	15.3	14.8
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.2	1.5	2.5	0.5
Average age of the population	41.2	40.1	42.1	38.0	38.4	37.5
Median age of the population	41.7	40.7	42.8	36.8	36.8	36.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	52,720	...	...	545	...	...
Single-detached house	35,335	...	...	455	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,895	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,475	...	...	55	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,735	...	...	40	...	...
Row house	4,300	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,625	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,620	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	195	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	52,725	...	...	550	...	...
1 person	13,545	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	18,250	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	8,625	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	7,625	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	4,670	...	...	70	...	...
Number of persons in private households	132,245	...	...	1,405	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	111,060	53,620	57,435	1,525	790	730
Married or living common law	64,485	32,225	32,260	950	475	480
Married	53,065	26,520	26,545	885	445	445
Living common law	11,420	5,710	5,715	65	35	35
Not married and not living common law	46,570	21,390	25,175	570	315	255
Never married	28,565	15,470	13,090	420	245	180
Separated	4,055	1,720	2,335	25	15	15
Divorced	6,905	2,730	4,180	50	35	15
Widowed	7,045	1,480	5,570	75	20	50
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	38,920	...	...	395	...	...
2 persons	19,585	...	...	205	...	...
3 persons	8,590	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	7,365	...	...	60	...	...
5 or more persons	3,375	...	...	70	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	38,920	...	...	395	...	...
Total couple families	31,730	...	...	370	...	...
Married couples	26,020	...	...	335	...	...
Common-law couples	5,710	...	...	30	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,190	...	...	30	...	...
Female parent	5,640	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	1,545	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	31,725	...	...	370	...	...
Couples without children	15,340	...	...	190	...	...
Couples with children	16,385	...	...	180	...	...
1 child	6,440	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	6,770	...	...	60	...	...
3 or more children	3,180	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,190	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	4,245	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	2,150	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	795	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,685	9,260	10,425	180	115	70
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	52,725	...	...	550	...	...
One-census-family households	36,540	...	...	390	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,415	...	...	190	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	22,125	...	...	205	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,165	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	15,015	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	13,545	...	...	150	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,470	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	133,355	65,145	68,210	1,955	1,015	945
English only	126,465	62,335	64,125	1,905	990	915
French only	30	15	20	0	0	0
English and French	6,025	2,475	3,555	15	5	15
Neither English nor French	825	315	515	35	20	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	133,350	65,140	68,210	1,960	1,020	940
English	131,205	64,220	66,985	1,920	990	925
French	1,210	565	650	5	0	5
English and French	140	60	80	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	790	295	500	35	25	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,280	590	685	5	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.3	0.5	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	133,350	65,140	68,210	1,960	1,015	945
Single responses	131,940	64,485	67,455	1,940	1,010	935
Official languages	118,515	58,055	60,460	1,195	635	565
English	117,230	57,450	59,780	1,190	630	565
French	1,285	605	680	5	5	5
Non-official languages	13,425	6,430	6,990	745	380	370
Aboriginal languages	40	20	20	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,380	6,410	6,970	735	370	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	375	195	175	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	355	185	170	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	285	150	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	55	25	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	655	300	350	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	625	285	340	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	485	180	310	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	5	10	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	425	155	270	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	105	55	55	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	35	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,020	4,855	5,165	730	365	365
Albanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,585	1,185	1,400	15	5	5
Baltic languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,555	1,170	1,380	10	5	10
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	110	65	45	0	0	0
Czech	45	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,725	775	945	0	5	0
Russian	120	50	70	5	5	0
Serbian	115	65	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	85	40	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	270	120	150	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,025	965	1,060	715	360	355
Afrikaans	25	10	5	5	0	0
Danish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dutch	1,045	530	520	0	0	0
Frisian	40	20	15	0	0	0
German	815	360	455	710	355	350
Icelandic	0	5	5	5	5	5
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	45	20	30	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	170	90	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,295	1,160	1,135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,195	1,110	1,090	0	0	0
Bengali	55	25	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	260	135	125	0	0	0
Hindi	165	85	80	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,350	675	680	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	295	155	140	0	0	0
Iranian languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	45	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,885	1,425	1,465	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,310	650	660	0	0	0
Portuguese	830	410	425	0	0	0
Romanian	150	70	75	0	0	0
Spanish	595	295	295	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	20	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	195	85	110	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	20	10	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	605	290	320	0	0	0
Chinese languages	600	285	315	0	0	0
Cantonese	215	105	110	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	325	155	175	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	645	315	330	0	5	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	600	295	300	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,410	655	755	15	5	10
English and French	225	100	125	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,120	525	595	15	5	5
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	133,350	65,140	68,210	1,955	1,015	940
Single responses	130,765	63,905	66,855	1,940	1,010	935
Official languages	125,460	61,395	64,070	1,505	800	700
English	125,165	61,255	63,910	1,500	795	705
French	295	135	160	0	0	0
Non-official languages	5,305	2,515	2,790	440	210	235
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	10	5	10	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	10	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,290	2,505	2,785	440	205	235
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	145	70	80	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	145	70	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	485	230	255	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	475	225	250	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	70	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	65	90	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,535	1,670	1,865	430	205	235
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	865	400	470	5	0	5
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	860	395	465	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	670	305	360	0	0	0
Russian	45	20	25	5	0	0
Serbian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	85	80	430	200	230
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	35	35	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	80	40	40	425	200	225
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,490	725	770	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,445	700	740	0	0	0
Bengali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	185	95	85	0	0	0
Hindi	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	980	475	505	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	145	70	75	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	940	425	515	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	340	145	195	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	110	130	0	0	0
Romanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Spanish	300	140	155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	155	65	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	40	25	5	5	0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	45	25	15	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	395	205	190	0	0	0
Chinese languages	395	200	190	0	0	0
Cantonese	125	65	65	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	240	130	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lao	30	10	20	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	135	60	70	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,585	1,235	1,350	15	10	5
English and French	110	50	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,425	1,165	1,260	15	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	15	30	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	133,350	65,140	68,210	1,960	1,015	945
None	125,435	61,485	63,950	1,505	785	715
English	2,370	1,145	1,230	250	120	130
French	1,085	425	660	10	5	5
Non-official language	4,345	2,025	2,320	195	100	90
Aboriginal	110	50	55	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,235	1,980	2,260	195	100	90
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	25	20	5	5	0
French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	108,520	52,600	55,920	1,120	600	520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	104,260	50,550	53,715	1,070	570	500
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,266	40,672	27,752	30,315	32,768	25,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	104,280	50,550	53,730	1,075	570	500
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,485	36,220	25,804	27,584	29,824	23,104
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	92,900	46,050	46,850	985	540	455
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,521	39,962	24,491	25,536	30,240	21,845
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,365	33,490	42,870	800	410	395
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,736	5,572	7,144	5,960	5,520	6,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,730	39,440	37,290	875	485	390
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,814	41,513	27,320	23,322	28,416	20,437
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	108,525	52,600	55,925	1,100	590	515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	104,185	50,500	53,685	1,035	545	490
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,016	49,334	35,132	38,985	46,603	30,527
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	104,215	50,505	53,710	1,040	545	495
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,787	41,160	30,735	33,008	38,630	26,766
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,800	46,035	46,770	965	510	455
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,213	48,273	32,278	35,914	44,235	26,541
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,565	33,640	42,930	765	385	385
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,431	8,000	8,769	7,651	7,512	7,790
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,735	39,465	37,270	870	475	395
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,040	48,074	33,592	32,688	39,177	24,888
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	108,525	52,600	55,925	1,100	585	515
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	39,000	22,485	16,520	415	270	150
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,771	56,197	44,132	38,470	43,628	35,655
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,341	64,357	50,155	46,078	51,047	37,077
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.5	89.4	80.4	84.2	87.4	80.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.6	75.9	66.0	67.9	72.4	62.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.5	10.6	19.6	15.9	13.6	19.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	108,520	52,600	55,925	1,125	600	520
Without total income	4,260	2,050	2,210	50	30	20
With total income	104,260	50,545	53,710	1,075	575	500
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.1	96.0	95.6	95.8	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,090	5,500	7,590	155	65	95
$10,000 to $19,999	18,160	6,825	11,335	215	100	110
$20,000 to $29,999	16,295	6,550	9,745	160	85	75
$30,000 to $39,999	13,165	6,030	7,140	165	95	70
$40,000 to $49,999	11,650	5,700	5,950	130	70	60
$50,000 to $59,999	8,650	4,825	3,820	90	55	40
$60,000 to $69,999	6,315	3,845	2,475	60	40	25
$70,000 to $79,999	4,345	2,770	1,575	30	15	10
$80,000 to $89,999	3,455	2,220	1,230	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	3,040	1,815	1,230	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	6,095	4,470	1,630	30	30	5
$100,000 to $149,999	4,530	3,270	1,260	25	20	5
$150,000 and over	1,565	1,200	365	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	108,520	52,600	55,925	1,125	605	520
Without after-tax income	4,245	2,050	2,190	50	30	20
With after-tax income	104,285	50,550	53,735	1,070	570	500
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.1	95.1	94.2	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,480	5,605	7,870	160	65	95
$10,000 to $19,999	19,030	7,170	11,860	225	105	120
$20,000 to $29,999	18,805	7,840	10,965	210	120	95
$30,000 to $39,999	15,975	7,460	8,515	190	105	80
$40,000 to $49,999	12,735	6,845	5,890	125	75	55
$50,000 to $59,999	8,325	4,990	3,335	75	45	35
$60,000 to $69,999	5,530	3,595	1,940	30	20	10
$70,000 to $79,999	4,285	2,630	1,650	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	6,105	4,405	1,705	30	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,370	1,605	770	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,290	935	350	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,450	1,865	580	15	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	108,525	52,600	55,925	1,125	605	520
Without employment income	31,795	13,160	18,630	250	120	130
With employment income	76,730	39,440	37,290	870	480	390
Percentage with employment income	70.7	75.0	66.7	77.3	79.3	75.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,275	5,010	5,265	160	80	85
$5,000 to $9,999	6,400	2,625	3,780	100	45	55
$10,000 to $19,999	9,895	4,030	5,870	125	75	50
$20,000 to $29,999	8,595	3,595	5,005	120	60	60
$30,000 to $39,999	8,650	3,850	4,800	105	55	50
$40,000 to $49,999	8,275	4,140	4,130	95	60	35
$50,000 to $59,999	6,360	3,780	2,580	65	35	25
$60,000 to $69,999	4,615	3,010	1,600	40	25	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,400	2,235	1,170	15	10	5
$80,000 and over	10,265	7,170	3,095	50	40	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,855	1,885	970	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,675	1,610	1,070	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	4,735	3,675	1,055	20	20	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	52,725	...	...	550	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,741	...	...	57,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,112	...	...	52,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	13,545	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,465	...	...	31,552	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,642	...	...	28,224	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	39,175	...	...	400	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,102	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,818	...	...	64,128	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	52,720	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,028	...	...	75,104	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,741	...	...	63,589	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	13,560	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,112	...	...	42,997	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,690	...	...	36,026	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	39,155	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,894	...	...	85,533	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,230	...	...	72,542	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	52,720	...	...	545	...	...
Under $5,000	485	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	520	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,435	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,940	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,455	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,175	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,455	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,430	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,425	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,270	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,260	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,950	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,615	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,345	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,020	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,935	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,825	...	...	45	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,815	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,945	...	...	30	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,350	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	52,725	...	...	545	...	...
Under $5,000	520	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	530	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,475	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,015	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,785	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,420	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,775	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,880	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,825	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,625	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,030	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,500	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,250	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,670	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,995	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,435	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,215	...	...	45	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,055	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,165	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	38,120	...	...	395	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,966	...	...	71,552	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,684	...	...	63,104	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,050	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,968	...	...	57,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,058	...	...	53,376	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	16,595	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,270	...	...	86,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,861	...	...	75,520	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,570	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,433	...	...	54,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,586	...	...	49,280	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	38,110	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,915	...	...	85,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,170	...	...	72,451	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,040	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,756	...	...	72,467	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,125	...	...	62,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	16,535	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,772	...	...	108,843	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,450	...	...	90,692	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,650	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,576	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,662	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,105	8,195	8,910	155	100	60
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,474	33,843	27,948	31,872	32,192	29,504
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,041	30,600	26,070	28,416	28,608	26,048
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,090	8,315	8,775	155	95	60
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,788	40,583	35,140	41,964	48,389	32,153
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,768	34,636	30,997	35,160	39,695	28,235
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	132,245	64,670	67,570	1,405	740	660
In the bottom half of the distribution	67,930	32,065	35,870	935	500	440
In the bottom decile	11,320	5,275	6,045	205	100	100
In the second decile	13,535	5,965	7,565	215	115	95
In the third decile	14,375	6,780	7,600	155	90	70
In the fourth decile	14,370	6,960	7,410	160	85	75
In the fifth decile	14,325	7,085	7,240	205	110	95
In the top half of the distribution	64,310	32,610	31,705	470	245	225
In the sixth decile	14,200	7,160	7,035	135	75	65
In the seventh decile	14,130	7,185	6,945	105	55	50
In the eighth decile	13,960	7,030	6,925	95	45	55
In the ninth decile	12,935	6,565	6,375	80	40	35
In the top decile	9,085	4,665	4,415	50	30	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	131,640	64,360	67,280	1,400	740	660
0 to 17 years	28,485	14,570	13,915	335	170	170
0 to 5 years	9,045	4,565	4,475	90	35	50
18 to 64 years	81,315	39,705	41,610	800	425	375
65 years and over	21,835	10,085	11,755	260	145	120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,510	7,845	9,670	335	180	160
0 to 17 years	4,945	2,495	2,455	110	55	55
0 to 5 years	1,710	855	860	35	15	20
18 to 64 years	10,165	4,535	5,630	160	90	75
65 years and over	2,400	815	1,590	65	40	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.3	12.2	14.4	23.9	24.3	24.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.4	17.1	17.6	32.8	32.4	32.4
0 to 5 years (%)	18.9	18.7	19.2	38.9	42.9	40.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	11.4	13.5	20.0	21.2	20.0
65 years and over (%)	11.0	8.1	13.5	25.0	27.6	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,210	3,945	4,265	110	55	55
0 to 17 years	2,060	1,040	1,025	45	20	25
0 to 5 years	720	340	375	10	5	10
18 to 64 years	5,800	2,765	3,030	60	30	30
65 years and over	350	140	210	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	6.1	6.3	7.9	7.4	8.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	7.1	7.4	13.4	11.8	14.7
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	7.4	8.4	11.1	14.3	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	7.0	7.3	7.5	7.1	8.0
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.4	1.8	3.8	3.4	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	132,245	64,675	67,570	1,370	730	635
Official languages	131,465	64,390	67,075	1,355	725	635
English	131,440	64,375	67,065	1,360	725	635
French	6,010	2,595	3,415	10	10	0
Non-official languages	16,875	8,225	8,655	140	75	65
Aboriginal languages	205	100	100	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	55	25	25	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	160	80	80	0	0	0
Cayuga	40	10	30	0	0	0
Mohawk	125	70	55	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,680	8,125	8,555	140	75	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	635	300	330	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	635	300	330	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	535	270	260	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	20	0	0	0
Maltese	70	25	45	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	775	370	400	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	760	365	400	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	640	250	390	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	10	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	35	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	0	20	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	615	240	375	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	40	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	105	50	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	55	25	25	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,520	6,170	6,355	130	75	55
Albanian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Armenian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,865	1,345	1,525	0	0	0
Baltic languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,830	1,325	1,500	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	155	80	75	0	0	0
Czech	65	35	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,930	890	1,045	0	0	0
Russian	200	100	100	0	0	0
Serbian	175	95	80	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	115	75	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	305	130	175	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,575	1,235	1,340	135	75	60
Afrikaans	45	30	15	0	0	0
Danish	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dutch	1,370	720	645	15	0	10
Frisian	25	10	20	0	0	0
German	1,105	485	615	120	65	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	40	15	30	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	215	110	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,820	1,465	1,355	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,750	1,430	1,325	0	0	0
Bengali	55	25	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	355	190	165	0	0	0
Hindi	825	430	395	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,740	900	845	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	540	280	255	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,160	2,090	2,065	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,725	925	800	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,120	565	555	0	0	0
Romanian	200	80	115	0	0	0
Spanish	1,255	610	645	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	65	40	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	250	110	150	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	100	55	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	45	20	20	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	175	80	100	10	0	10
American Sign Language	60	30	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	115	55	60	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	735	365	375	0	0	0
Chinese languages	735	360	375	0	0	0
Cantonese	295	145	145	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	460	225	235	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	100	35	60	0	0	0
Lao	90	35	60	0	0	0
Thai	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	745	385	360	0	0	0
Estonian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Finnish	40	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	660	345	310	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	132,240	64,675	67,570	1,370	730	640
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	128,895	63,025	65,875	1,320	705	615
Canadian citizens aged under 18	28,510	14,555	13,955	315	175	145
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	100,380	48,470	51,915	1,000	525	475
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,350	1,650	1,695	50	25	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	132,245	64,675	67,570	1,365	730	635
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	115,415	56,385	59,030	1,305	700	610
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	16,470	8,110	8,370	65	30	30
Before 1981	8,215	4,145	4,075	15	0	10
1981 to 1990	2,140	1,025	1,120	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,455	1,170	1,285	0	0	10
2001 to 2010	2,560	1,235	1,320	25	15	10
2001 to 2005	1,330	635	690	15	10	10
2006 to 2010	1,225	595	630	10	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,100	535	565	20	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	355	185	175	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	16,470	8,105	8,365	65	30	30
Under 5 years	2,040	1,100	940	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	3,405	1,765	1,640	20	20	0
15 to 24 years	4,555	2,080	2,475	0	0	10
25 to 44 years	5,445	2,655	2,795	20	10	15
45 years and over	1,030	510	515	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	16,470	8,105	8,370	60	35	30
Americas	2,215	1,070	1,145	10	10	0
Brazil	105	35	70	0	0	0
Colombia	85	35	50	0	0	0
El Salvador	50	15	35	0	0	0
Guyana	90	50	40	0	0	0
Haiti	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	450	245	210	0	0	0
Mexico	95	25	75	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	150	95	50	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	815	350	460	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	350	200	150	10	0	0
Europe	9,445	4,725	4,720	50	25	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	20	15	0	0	0
Croatia	125	60	65	0	0	0
France	60	40	20	0	0	0
Germany	535	265	270	10	0	0
Greece	100	50	50	0	0	0
Hungary	265	135	130	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	120	50	70	10	0	0
Italy	960	515	450	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,110	615	495	0	0	0
Poland	1,280	555	720	0	0	0
Portugal	570	295	270	0	0	0
Romania	175	80	95	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	30	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	100	50	55	0	0	0
Ukraine	85	40	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,270	1,640	1,630	30	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	610	300	315	0	0	0
Africa	380	200	175	10	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	45	25	25	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	40	20	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	195	100	95	0	0	0
Asia	4,335	2,055	2,285	0	0	10
Afghanistan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	15	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	400	175	225	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	25	15	0	0	0
India	1,590	785	805	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	45	25	20	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	135	60	80	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	35	45	0	0	0
Pakistan	345	185	160	0	0	0
Philippines	615	250	370	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	30	15	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	535	250	285	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	395	190	205	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	95	60	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,100	535	560	20	10	15
Americas	205	120	85	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	20	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	90	55	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	20	0	0	0
Europe	165	90	75	20	10	10
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	80	60	25	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	45	15	30	0	0	0
Africa	85	40	45	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	25	25	0	0	0
Asia	645	280	365	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	60	20	40	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	230	110	120	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Philippines	150	75	75	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	20	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	20	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	132,245	64,675	67,570	1,370	730	635
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	17,380	8,580	8,800	65	35	30
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	24,930	12,155	12,775	135	85	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	89,940	43,935	46,005	1,170	615	560
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	8,515	4,110	4,405	55	25	25
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,515	1,815	1,700	45	25	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,350	875	480	15	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,155	940	1,220	30	10	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,740	1,590	2,150	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,235	690	540	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	132,245	64,670	67,570	1,370	730	635
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,910	3,260	3,655	125	75	55
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,710	3,170	3,540	125	70	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	5,605	2,555	3,050	40	30	15
Métis	1,080	610	470	80	45	35
Inuk (Inuit)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	110	45	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	125,330	61,420	63,920	1,240	655	585
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	132,245	64,675	67,570	1,370	730	640
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,245	1,910	2,330	40	20	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	128,000	62,765	65,240	1,335	710	625
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	132,245	64,670	67,570	1,370	730	640
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,165	960	1,200	35	20	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,120	940	1,185	30	25	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,020	905	1,115	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	95	30	60	35	25	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	45	25	15	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	45	25	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,130	2,970	3,165	105	65	40
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,990	2,885	3,100	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,015	2,380	2,630	20	20	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	955	500	450	45	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	80	65	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	65	50	40	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	123,950	60,745	63,205	1,230	640	580
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	132,245	64,675	67,570	1,370	730	640
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10,245	5,120	5,120	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,310	1,680	1,630	0	0	0
Chinese	885	405	485	0	0	0
Black	2,230	1,165	1,065	0	0	0
Filipino	820	380	440	10	0	0
Latin American	505	240	265	0	0	0
Arab	445	225	225	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,070	515	560	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Korean	290	130	160	0	0	0
Japanese	70	40	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	225	125	100	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	325	190	140	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	122,000	59,555	62,445	1,365	730	635
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	132,245	64,670	67,570	1,365	730	640
North American Aboriginal origins	8,295	3,930	4,365	140	85	60
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,200	3,380	3,820	65	40	25
Inuit	50	20	30	0	0	0
Métis	1,230	635	595	120	70	50
Other North American origins	44,525	21,405	23,125	395	210	190
Acadian	215	100	115	0	0	0
American	1,505	630	875	0	0	0
Canadian	43,120	20,810	22,310	400	210	190
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	265	105	160	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Québécois	65	50	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	40	15	20	0	0	0
European origins	100,265	48,880	51,390	1,070	575	495
British Isles origins	70,855	34,050	36,800	540	280	260
Channel Islander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	44,640	21,230	23,415	300	160	135
Irish	25,580	12,130	13,455	195	85	115
Manx	35	25	10	0	0	0
Scottish	30,625	14,560	16,065	320	155	165
Welsh	2,800	1,330	1,470	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,340	2,085	2,255	30	15	15
French origins	12,645	6,030	6,610	120	70	50
Alsatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	12,635	6,025	6,610	120	70	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	27,690	13,525	14,165	575	330	245
Austrian	585	305	275	20	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,305	590	715	65	35	25
Dutch	10,565	5,280	5,275	80	60	20
Flemish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Frisian	60	20	35	0	0	0
German	17,015	8,170	8,850	455	250	205
Luxembourger	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	410	205	205	25	15	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,430	1,190	1,240	100	60	40
Danish	705	340	365	0	0	0
Finnish	430	200	235	10	10	0
Icelandic	90	30	60	75	50	25
Norwegian	540	295	245	0	10	10
Swedish	620	315	305	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	145	70	75	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	16,885	8,280	8,605	225	105	115
Bulgarian	70	65	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Czech	385	195	190	0	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	195	105	95	0	0	0
Estonian	140	65	75	0	0	0
Hungarian	4,150	2,165	1,985	25	20	0
Latvian	100	55	50	0	0	0
Lithuanian	275	130	145	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	7,185	3,385	3,800	65	25	40
Romanian	680	305	370	10	10	0
Russian	890	440	445	50	20	25
Slovak	345	205	140	0	0	0
Ukrainian	4,580	2,255	2,325	115	50	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	13,215	6,750	6,465	0	10	10
Albanian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	415	205	205	0	0	0
Cypriot	35	20	15	0	0	0
Greek	615	305	305	0	0	0
Italian	8,080	4,210	3,875	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Maltese	545	285	255	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,460	1,275	1,185	0	10	0
Serbian	340	180	160	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	130	75	50	0	0	0
Spanish	850	375	475	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	265	130	140	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	520	245	275	0	0	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	215	100	110	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	255	110	145	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,940	1,055	885	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	120	65	60	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	15	30	0	0	0
Dominican	65	45	25	0	0	0
Grenadian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,095	555	540	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	275	170	105	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	20	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	145	75	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	75	30	40	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,135	560	575	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	125	60	70	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	120	50	75	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Guatemalan	60	30	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	250	130	125	0	0	0
Hispanic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	30	20	10	0	0	0
Maya	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	175	80	95	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	75	30	50	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	90	50	40	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	70	35	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	20	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,030	490	540	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	110	60	50	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins	195	100	90	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	115	55	65	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	35	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	225	105	120	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	95	45	55	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	70	35	40	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	540	245	295	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	125	35	85	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	415	210	205	0	0	0
Asian origins	7,840	3,860	3,980	0	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	980	470	505	0	0	0
Afghan	65	40	25	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	100	50	50	0	0	0
Armenian	175	75	95	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	65	30	35	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	160	70	85	0	0	0
Palestinian	210	105	100	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	25	35	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	10	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,450	1,750	1,700	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	30	10	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,705	1,395	1,315	0	0	0
Goan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	385	205	175	0	0	0
Punjabi	310	170	140	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	65	25	40	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	115	60	55	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,465	1,665	1,800	10	0	0
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese	1,160	540	620	0	0	0
Filipino	960	445	515	0	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	95	60	35	0	0	0
Japanese	95	60	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	320	135	180	0	0	0
Laotian	155	75	85	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	855	415	445	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	155	75	85	0	0	0
Australian	115	50	65	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	15	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	15	15	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	52,725	...	...	535	...	...
Owner	38,160	...	...	470	...	...
Renter	14,550	...	...	65	...	...
Band housing	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	52,720	...	...	540	...	...
Condominium	4,040	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	48,680	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	52,725	...	...	540	...	...
No bedrooms	175	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,790	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,805	...	...	110	...	...
3 bedrooms	22,505	...	...	250	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	13,450	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	52,720	...	...	540	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,085	...	...	55	...	...
5 rooms	6,780	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	8,580	...	...	160	...	...
7 rooms	8,760	...	...	100	...	...
8 or more rooms	19,520	...	...	160	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	52,720	...	...	540	...	...
One person or fewer per room	52,390	...	...	535	...	...
More than 1 person per room	335	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	52,720	...	...	535	...	...
Suitable	50,965	...	...	530	...	...
Not suitable	1,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	52,725	...	...	535	...	...
1960 or before	18,670	...	...	195	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,715	...	...	175	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,710	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,105	...	...	45	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,345	...	...	55	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,905	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,285	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	52,725	...	...	540	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	49,140	...	...	480	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,580	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	52,720	...	...	540	...	...
1 household maintainer	30,250	...	...	330	...	...
2 household maintainers	21,525	...	...	205	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	945	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	52,725	...	...	540	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,270	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,930	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,730	...	...	60	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,710	...	...	110	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,010	...	...	155	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,005	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,360	...	...	40	...	...
85 years and over	1,715	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	51,945	...	...	405	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	39,830	...	...	385	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,110	...	...	20	...	...
30% to less than 100%	11,075	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	37,480	...	...	340	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.4	...	...	36.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.8	...	...	5.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,155	...	...	473	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,227	...	...	688	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,113	...	...	129,765	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	337,344	...	...	170,148	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,490	...	...	70	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.6	...	...	23.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	901	...	...	412	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	926	...	...	427	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	108,520	52,600	55,920	1,100	585	515
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,480	11,635	10,845	345	225	125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	33,815	16,370	17,445	360	200	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,225	24,595	27,630	395	165	230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,400	6,090	2,310	50	35	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,025	2,530	1,490	30	15	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,380	3,560	820	25	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	27,080	11,270	15,805	190	60	125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,560	745	815	60	30	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,195	6,490	8,705	100	40	55
Bachelor's degree	10,795	4,350	6,445	80	35	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,110	455	655	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	435	315	120	0	0	10
Master's degree	2,515	1,175	1,340	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	340	195	145	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	70,445	34,360	36,080	690	355	335
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,220	5,285	3,935	145	90	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,250	10,760	10,490	240	130	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,980	18,315	21,665	305	135	175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,785	4,200	1,585	35	20	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,735	1,725	1,010	20	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,055	2,470	585	15	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,365	8,865	12,500	145	55	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,070	515	555	40	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,760	4,745	7,015	80	35	45
Bachelor's degree	8,410	3,280	5,130	60	35	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	885	340	550	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	330	210	120	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,875	770	1,100	0	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	265	145	120	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	108,520	52,600	55,925	1,100	590	515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	56,295	28,005	28,290	705	420	285
Education	3,295	830	2,465	50	10	45
13. Education	3,295	830	2,460	50	10	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,030	920	1,110	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	415	300	120	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,615	625	995	10	0	0
Humanities	2,580	1,010	1,565	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	55	115	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	635	190	440	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	685	225	460	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	70	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	400	230	170	10	0	10
54. History	470	225	235	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	90	0	85	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,295	1,440	3,855	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	15	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	510	185	320	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,500	105	1,400	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	650	185	465	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	105	20	90	0	0	0
42. Psychology	715	140	570	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,760	800	960	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	9,470	3,390	6,080	65	15	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	50	20	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,380	220	1,160	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,045	3,150	4,890	60	20	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,510	770	735	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	540	220	320	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	340	165	175	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	0	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	495	335	160	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	40	65	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,360	835	520	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,010	700	315	0	10	0
25. Library science	110	0	100	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	220	120	100	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,845	11,250	590	45	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	355	285	70	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,115	970	145	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,715	2,520	195	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,125	2,065	55	15	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,240	3,175	60	15	15	0
48. Precision production	2,295	2,235	60	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,200	720	480	75	65	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	860	520	340	80	65	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	345	200	150	0	0	0
Health and related fields	9,420	1,395	8,020	75	15	65
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	870	370	510	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,435	940	7,500	75	0	65
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	110	90	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,195	2,025	2,165	25	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	2,130	415	1,710	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,330	910	420	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	720	690	30	0	0	0
Other	40	10	35	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	40	10	30	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	70,445	34,365	36,085	690	360	330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,465	16,045	14,420	385	230	160
Education	2,335	510	1,825	30	0	25
13. Education	2,335	510	1,825	30	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,545	690	860	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	300	215	85	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,250	475	775	10	0	10
Humanities	1,895	705	1,185	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	115	25	85	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	480	135	340	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	555	180	375	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	40	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	250	135	120	0	0	0
54. History	360	185	175	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	60	0	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,180	1,065	3,115	10	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	450	170	280	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,260	75	1,180	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	555	130	425	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	10	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	500	100	405	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,305	575	730	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,500	2,660	4,840	50	20	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	20	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,190	170	1,020	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,275	2,465	3,805	45	15	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,160	575	585	15	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	425	165	265	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	255	140	115	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	380	240	145	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	25	45	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,130	715	410	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	860	620	240	0	0	0
25. Library science	85	10	75	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	170	80	90	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,770	8,275	495	35	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	270	200	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	810	680	125	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,110	1,945	165	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,520	1,465	55	15	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,415	2,370	40	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,650	1,605	45	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	950	515	440	60	50	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	680	370	310	65	55	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	270	150	125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,310	1,070	6,240	60	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	675	265	415	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,550	740	5,805	65	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	65	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,170	1,530	1,640	20	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,520	295	1,220	20	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,065	685	380	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	580	550	30	0	0	0
Other	35	0	30	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	10	25	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	108,525	52,600	55,925	1,100	585	510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,300	28,005	28,290	700	420	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	52,230	24,595	27,635	395	165	230
Location of study inside Canada	47,115	21,825	25,295	385	155	225
Same as province or territory of residence	45,375	20,970	24,400	340	140	195
Different than province or territory of residence	1,745	855	890	45	15	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,105	2,770	2,340	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,235	640	595	10	10	0
Philippines	325	135	185	0	0	0
India	575	310	265	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	890	590	300	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	150	60	85	0	0	0
France	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other	1,905	1,015	890	0	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	70,440	34,360	36,085	690	360	330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,465	16,045	14,420	385	225	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	39,980	18,315	21,665	305	130	170
Location of study inside Canada	36,650	16,695	19,960	295	125	170
Same as province or territory of residence	35,350	16,085	19,260	270	115	155
Different than province or territory of residence	1,295	605	695	25	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,330	1,625	1,705	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	860	395	465	0	0	0
Philippines	260	95	165	0	0	0
India	510	270	240	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	295	170	125	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	135	55	75	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,250	620	630	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	108,525	52,600	55,920	1,100	585	515
In the labour force	70,345	36,440	33,905	775	425	355
Employed	66,015	34,325	31,690	760	420	340
Unemployed	4,325	2,105	2,220	20	0	10
Not in the labour force	38,180	16,165	22,015	320	165	155
Participation rate	64.8	69.3	60.6	70.5	72.6	68.9
Employment rate	60.8	65.3	56.7	69.1	71.8	66.0
Unemployment rate	6.1	5.8	6.5	2.6	0.0	2.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	108,525	52,600	55,925	1,100	585	515
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	35,745	14,990	20,755	275	140	135
Worked	72,780	37,610	35,170	825	445	380
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	39,910	23,040	16,875	440	280	160
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	32,870	14,570	18,295	390	165	220
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	44.2	42.7	41.9	42.6	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	70,345	36,440	33,905	775	425	355
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,150	505	650	10	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	69,190	35,930	33,255	770	420	345
Employee	62,265	31,650	30,620	510	260	250
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,925	4,285	2,635	260	160	95
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	70,345	36,435	33,910	780	425	355
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,155	500	650	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	69,190	35,935	33,260	770	425	345
0 Management occupations	7,025	4,295	2,720	225	165	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,430	2,710	6,715	75	10	70
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,180	2,570	605	10	0	10
3 Health occupations	4,335	685	3,650	45	10	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,040	1,920	5,115	80	15	65
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,575	675	905	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	16,215	6,165	10,055	110	45	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,240	11,290	950	100	90	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,415	1,055	360	90	70	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	6,735	4,555	2,175	30	10	15
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	70,345	36,435	33,910	775	425	355
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,155	505	650	0	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	69,190	35,930	33,260	775	420	345
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,550	1,005	545	300	210	95
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	110	15	0	10	0
22 Utilities	430	310	115	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,185	4,430	755	30	25	0
31-33 Manufacturing	12,040	8,750	3,290	40	35	10
41 Wholesale trade	3,245	2,250	1,000	30	30	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,180	3,585	4,600	60	35	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,685	2,645	1,035	25	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	915	495	425	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,690	710	980	15	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	870	485	385	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,030	1,575	1,450	15	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	70	35	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,550	1,900	1,650	10	0	0
61 Educational services	4,655	1,180	3,470	75	20	55
62 Health care and social assistance	7,915	1,110	6,805	60	10	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,710	835	885	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,675	1,570	3,105	25	10	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,065	1,555	1,515	40	15	25
91 Public administration	2,595	1,405	1,195	40	25	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	66,010	34,325	31,690	760	420	345
Worked at home	4,030	1,920	2,115	275	170	100
Worked outside Canada	205	175	30	0	10	0
No fixed workplace address	7,120	5,330	1,790	75	55	15
Worked at usual place	54,655	26,905	27,750	410	185	225
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	54,655	26,900	27,750	410	185	225
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	28,125	12,520	15,605	240	80	160
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,590	4,060	4,530	40	25	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	17,855	10,265	7,585	125	80	45
Commute to a different province or territory	85	50	35	0	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	61,780	32,235	29,545	485	240	245
Car, truck, van - as a driver	52,020	27,585	24,430	460	230	235
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,480	2,160	2,315	10	0	0
Public transit	1,925	750	1,165	0	0	0
Walked	2,340	1,040	1,300	10	0	0
Bicycle	510	425	85	0	0	0
Other method	515	260	255	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	61,775	32,230	29,545	485	245	240
Less than 15 minutes	22,525	10,285	12,245	180	70	105
15 to 29 minutes	18,680	9,295	9,385	155	75	80
30 to 44 minutes	9,940	5,785	4,155	110	65	45
45 to 59 minutes	5,345	3,215	2,125	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	5,290	3,660	1,625	30	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	61,775	32,230	29,540	485	245	245
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,375	3,890	1,485	15	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,550	8,025	4,525	65	50	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,860	7,415	7,445	185	115	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,115	4,075	7,040	160	40	120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,310	1,985	3,320	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	12,565	6,835	5,735	55	25	30
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	74,970	38,635	36,335	840	460	380
Single responses	74,615	38,490	36,130	835	455	380
Official languages	74,440	38,400	36,035	815	445	370
English	74,235	38,360	35,870	815	445	365
French	205	40	165	0	0	0
Non-official languages	175	85	90	25	0	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	85	90	20	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	40	45	25	0	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	355	145	210	0	0	0
English and French	120	40	85	0	0	0
English and non-official language	235	110	125	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	74,970	38,635	36,335	840	460	380
None	73,375	37,935	35,440	830	445	380
English	260	70	190	0	0	0
French	535	225	315	0	0	0
Non-official language	775	400	380	10	0	0
Aboriginal	25	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	750	390	360	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	130,710	63,890	66,820	1,355	730	625
Non-movers	114,005	55,925	58,080	1,310	710	610
Movers	16,705	7,960	8,740	45	25	20
Non-migrants	9,835	4,605	5,235	15	0	10
Migrants	6,865	3,360	3,510	30	20	10
Internal migrants	6,545	3,210	3,335	30	20	10
Intraprovincial migrants	6,150	3,010	3,145	25	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	395	195	195	10	10	10
External migrants	320	150	165	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	124,700	60,910	63,790	1,300	710	585
Non-movers	79,880	39,065	40,815	1,070	590	480
Movers	44,825	21,850	22,980	235	125	110
Non-migrants	25,085	12,130	12,960	40	25	15
Migrants	19,735	9,720	10,020	190	100	95
Internal migrants	18,380	9,035	9,345	170	85	80
Intraprovincial migrants	17,350	8,525	8,825	110	60	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,025	505	520	65	30	30
External migrants	1,355	685	670	20	15	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brant, CDR [Census division], Ontario and Westbourne, RM [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Westbourne, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Westbourne, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Westbourne, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba