Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waterloo, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Waterloo, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Massey Drive Newfoundland and Labrador [Population centre]
	Data quality , Waterloo, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Waterloo, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	104,986	...	...	1,632	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	98,780	...	...	1,412^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.3	...	...	15.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,096	...	...	624	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	40,381	...	...	610	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,639.8	...	...	658.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	64.02	...	...	2.48	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	104,985	52,490	52,500	1,630	815	820
0 to 14 years	16,445	8,440	8,005	325	165	155
0 to 4 years	4,740	2,440	2,300	90	45	45
5 to 9 years	5,590	2,900	2,685	125	75	55
10 to 14 years	6,120	3,100	3,020	105	50	55
15 to 64 years	73,375	37,030	36,340	1,215	600	615
15 to 19 years	7,440	3,875	3,560	120	50	70
20 to 24 years	11,700	6,285	5,420	110	60	55
25 to 29 years	7,620	4,175	3,435	110	65	45
30 to 34 years	6,150	3,110	3,040	100	40	60
35 to 39 years	5,950	2,955	2,995	160	70	85
40 to 44 years	6,580	3,155	3,425	135	60	75
45 to 49 years	7,415	3,505	3,905	150	70	70
50 to 54 years	7,795	3,780	4,020	150	80	65
55 to 59 years	7,020	3,485	3,535	110	65	45
60 to 64 years	5,705	2,700	3,005	80	35	40
65 years and over	15,165	7,015	8,155	90	50	50
65 to 69 years	4,905	2,350	2,555	40	20	15
70 to 74 years	3,460	1,625	1,840	20	10	15
75 to 79 years	2,550	1,155	1,395	25	15	15
80 to 84 years	1,980	890	1,085	10	5	5
85 years and over	2,270	995	1,275	0	5	0
85 to 89 years	1,415	570	845	5	5	5
90 to 94 years	780	400	380	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	65	20	45	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.1	15.2	19.9	20.2	18.9
15 to 64 years	69.9	70.5	69.2	74.5	73.6	75.0
65 years and over	14.4	13.4	15.5	5.5	6.1	6.1
85 years and over	2.2	1.9	2.4	0.0	0.6	0.0
Average age of the population	39.0	38.0	40.0	35.3	35.3	35.4
Median age of the population	37.7	35.6	39.7	36.5	36.4	36.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
Single-detached house	22,115	...	...	600	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5,950	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,195	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,010	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	4,965	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	890	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,315	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
1 person	9,925	...	...	100	...	...
2 persons	13,385	...	...	205	...	...
3 persons	6,620	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	6,915	...	...	135	...	...
5 or more persons	3,535	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	103,390	...	...	1,635	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	88,540	44,045	44,495	1,310	650	660
Married or living common law	49,555	24,760	24,790	880	435	445
Married	43,545	21,770	21,775	720	360	360
Living common law	6,010	2,995	3,015	160	80	80
Not married and not living common law	38,985	19,280	19,705	425	205	220
Never married	28,630	15,915	12,710	310	165	145
Separated	2,140	935	1,210	20	10	15
Divorced	3,990	1,400	2,585	55	25	30
Widowed	4,225	1,030	3,195	35	5	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	28,155	...	...	505	...	...
2 persons	13,050	...	...	210	...	...
3 persons	6,100	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	6,550	...	...	130	...	...
5 or more persons	2,455	...	...	25	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	28,155	...	...	500	...	...
Total couple families	24,260	...	...	440	...	...
Married couples	21,260	...	...	360	...	...
Common-law couples	3,005	...	...	80	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,890	...	...	65	...	...
Female parent	3,085	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	810	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,265	...	...	440	...	...
Couples without children	10,790	...	...	175	...	...
Couples with children	13,470	...	...	270	...	...
1 child	4,870	...	...	120	...	...
2 children	6,230	...	...	125	...	...
3 or more children	2,375	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,895	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	2,260	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	1,230	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	405	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,760	10,150	9,610	155	85	65
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
One-census-family households	26,820	...	...	495	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,190	...	...	165	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,630	...	...	325	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	660	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,905	...	...	110	...	...
One-person households	9,930	...	...	95	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,980	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	103,785	51,885	51,900	1,630	815	815
English only	92,425	46,990	45,440	1,550	795	755
French only	40	20	20	0	0	5
English and French	9,665	4,180	5,480	80	20	60
Neither English nor French	1,660	700	955	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	103,785	51,885	51,900	1,630	815	820
English	100,330	50,345	49,990	1,625	815	815
French	1,120	520	600	5	0	5
English and French	725	345	380	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,615	680	935	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,480	690	790	5	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.5	0.3	0.0	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	103,790	51,890	51,900	1,630	815	815
Single responses	101,710	50,855	50,850	1,630	815	815
Official languages	73,095	36,590	36,500	1,615	810	810
English	71,995	36,075	35,920	1,610	805	805
French	1,100	515	585	10	0	5
Non-official languages	28,615	14,265	14,350	10	5	5
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	28,605	14,260	14,345	10	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,205	1,165	1,045	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	170	85	80	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	160	80	80	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,015	1,065	950	0	0	0
Amharic	80	35	45	0	0	0
Arabic	1,810	965	850	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	50	30	25	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	30	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	475	240	235	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	460	230	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	390	135	255	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	60	25	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	95	190	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	540	300	240	0	0	0
Kannada	35	20	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	120	65	55	0	0	0
Tamil	265	150	120	0	0	0
Telugu	115	65	50	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	70	25	40	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,625	7,275	7,350	10	5	5
Albanian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Armenian	175	85	85	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,455	1,670	1,785	0	0	0
Baltic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,420	1,650	1,765	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Croatian	255	135	130	0	0	0
Czech	140	65	75	0	0	0
Macedonian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Polish	985	465	515	0	0	0
Russian	720	340	375	0	0	0
Serbian	715	360	360	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Slovak	115	55	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	175	75	100	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,850	1,355	1,500	5	0	0
Afrikaans	30	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	50	25	30	0	0	0
Dutch	330	155	180	0	5	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	2,365	1,125	1,245	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,765	2,530	2,235	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,315	1,745	1,570	0	5	0
Bengali	365	200	170	0	0	0
Gujarati	395	200	190	0	0	0
Hindi	565	325	240	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	20	15	5	0	0	0
Marathi	75	35	40	0	0	0
Nepali	60	30	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	770	380	390	0	0	0
Sindhi	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	120	55	60	0	0	0
Urdu	855	445	410	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,405	765	640	0	0	0
Kurdish	90	50	40	0	0	0
Pashto	140	70	70	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,175	640	535	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,960	1,440	1,520	5	0	0
Catalan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	325	160	165	0	0	0
Portuguese	535	275	260	0	0	0
Romanian	795	380	415	0	0	0
Spanish	1,290	615	675	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	150	65	85	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	1,095	545	550	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	145	80	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	30	20	15	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,005	3,985	4,015	0	5	0
Chinese languages	8,000	3,980	4,015	0	5	0
Cantonese	970	505	465	0	0	0
Hakka	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	6,535	3,215	3,320	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	95	45	50	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	320	185	140	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	140	60	85	0	0	0
Lao	105	45	60	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	310	165	140	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	40	25	15	0	0	0
Turkish	255	135	115	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	350	175	180	0	0	0
Estonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Finnish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	285	140	150	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,080	1,030	1,050	5	0	0
English and French	230	125	105	5	0	5
English and non-official language	1,735	845	890	5	0	0
French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	30	30	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	103,785	51,890	51,900	1,635	815	815
Single responses	98,840	49,450	49,395	1,630	815	820
Official languages	83,655	41,950	41,705	1,630	810	815
English	83,310	41,790	41,520	1,625	810	815
French	345	160	185	5	0	5
Non-official languages	15,185	7,500	7,685	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,185	7,495	7,685	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,300	655	645	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	90	40	50	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,200	615	590	0	0	0
Amharic	50	25	25	0	0	0
Arabic	1,090	555	535	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	15	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	265	125	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	255	120	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	65	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	55	80	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	230	125	105	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	65	35	25	0	0	0
Tamil	100	55	45	0	0	0
Telugu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,335	3,125	3,210	0	0	0
Albanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	120	60	65	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,575	765	810	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,575	765	810	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	95	50	50	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Polish	400	195	200	0	0	0
Russian	415	200	215	0	0	0
Serbian	415	200	215	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	400	185	215	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	365	165	205	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	40	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,795	1,430	1,365	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,780	895	890	0	0	0
Bengali	215	110	100	0	0	0
Gujarati	215	100	115	0	0	0
Hindi	230	120	115	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	20	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	495	245	250	0	0	0
Sindhi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	70	30	35	0	0	0
Urdu	470	240	220	0	0	0
Iranian languages	990	525	465	0	0	0
Kurdish	50	30	25	0	0	0
Pashto	90	45	50	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	850	455	395	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,320	645	680	5	0	0
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	225	120	105	0	0	0
Romanian	350	175	175	0	0	0
Spanish	695	320	370	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	40	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	775	365	410	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,625	2,800	2,820	0	0	0
Chinese languages	5,615	2,800	2,820	0	0	0
Cantonese	520	260	255	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,815	2,390	2,430	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	220	125	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Lao	55	20	35	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	135	70	60	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	120	65	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,950	2,440	2,510	5	5	0
English and French	120	65	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	4,735	2,330	2,405	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	80	40	45	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	103,790	51,885	51,900	1,635	815	815
None	87,015	43,615	43,400	1,615	810	800
English	7,235	3,615	3,615	0	0	0
French	1,100	445	650	15	0	10
Non-official language	8,050	4,005	4,045	5	5	5
Aboriginal	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	8,035	4,000	4,030	5	5	5
English and French	55	25	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	200	115	90	0	0	0
French and non-official language	125	60	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	86,985	43,275	43,705	1,310	645	660
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,135	41,505	41,635	1,255	625	625
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,691	42,935	29,941	46,165	53,675	39,509
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	83,145	41,510	41,645	1,250	625	625
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,445	38,412	27,578	39,552	45,275	34,816
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,120	38,630	37,490	1,185	605	580
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,508	43,498	28,350	44,928	52,544	39,296
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,220	26,885	31,335	775	315	465
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,541	627	2,827	4,053	6,672	3,064
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,355	33,310	30,045	1,105	560	545
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,157	42,014	29,252	44,224	52,032	40,000
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	86,985	43,275	43,710	1,310	660	650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,350	41,595	41,765	1,235	630	610
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,520	63,278	41,806	53,291	62,383	43,919
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	83,375	41,600	41,775	1,240	630	610
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,471	49,869	35,103	43,557	50,045	36,869
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,140	38,650	37,490	1,165	600	565
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,065	64,574	41,199	52,230	61,542	42,339
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,260	26,910	31,355	750	300	455
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,792	5,058	6,422	6,884	7,663	6,366
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,350	33,415	29,940	1,095	565	530
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,369	61,304	40,281	50,563	59,362	41,210
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	86,985	43,275	43,710	1,310	660	650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	30,265	17,185	13,080	630	350	285
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	63,101	70,523	55,310	63,059	68,816	55,565
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	78,771	90,412	63,482	63,846	70,127	56,117
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	92.3	94.8	88.5	91.8	93.3	89.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.5	77.7	69.6	83.9	84.3	83.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	7.7	5.2	11.5	8.3	6.9	10.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	86,985	43,275	43,710	1,305	645	660
Without total income	3,850	1,775	2,075	55	25	35
With total income	83,135	41,500	41,635	1,255	625	625
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.9	95.3	96.2	96.9	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,700	6,600	8,100	120	45	80
$10,000 to $19,999	12,415	5,260	7,155	135	50	85
$20,000 to $29,999	9,760	4,170	5,590	140	65	80
$30,000 to $39,999	8,025	3,700	4,330	140	70	75
$40,000 to $49,999	7,000	3,345	3,650	140	65	70
$50,000 to $59,999	5,985	2,925	3,060	115	60	55
$60,000 to $69,999	4,825	2,575	2,255	90	55	30
$70,000 to $79,999	4,040	2,215	1,825	105	65	40
$80,000 to $89,999	3,260	1,870	1,395	95	45	50
$90,000 to $99,999	3,310	1,850	1,455	70	30	40
$100,000 and over	9,810	6,995	2,815	100	75	20
$100,000 to $149,999	6,065	4,155	1,910	80	65	15
$150,000 and over	3,745	2,835	910	20	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	86,985	43,275	43,710	1,305	645	665
Without after-tax income	3,840	1,770	2,065	60	20	35
With after-tax income	83,150	41,505	41,640	1,250	625	630
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	95.9	95.3	95.8	96.9	94.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	15,070	6,715	8,355	125	45	80
$10,000 to $19,999	12,890	5,450	7,435	150	55	95
$20,000 to $29,999	11,205	4,870	6,335	180	80	100
$30,000 to $39,999	9,530	4,450	5,075	180	95	90
$40,000 to $49,999	8,345	4,065	4,280	160	75	85
$50,000 to $59,999	6,470	3,435	3,035	130	80	45
$60,000 to $69,999	5,120	2,910	2,215	140	75	70
$70,000 to $79,999	4,540	2,585	1,955	95	50	50
$80,000 and over	9,970	7,025	2,945	85	75	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,845	1,835	1,015	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,870	1,275	590	25	25	5
$100,000 and over	5,260	3,920	1,345	35	30	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	86,985	43,280	43,710	1,310	645	660
Without employment income	23,635	9,965	13,670	205	90	115
With employment income	63,350	33,310	30,045	1,105	560	540
Percentage with employment income	72.8	77.0	68.7	84.4	86.8	81.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	9,115	4,435	4,680	120	45	70
$5,000 to $9,999	5,640	2,615	3,025	70	30	40
$10,000 to $19,999	8,290	3,920	4,370	125	55	70
$20,000 to $29,999	5,895	2,725	3,165	90	40	50
$30,000 to $39,999	5,240	2,455	2,785	90	55	35
$40,000 to $49,999	4,950	2,360	2,590	105	45	60
$50,000 to $59,999	4,345	2,205	2,145	85	40	45
$60,000 to $69,999	3,560	1,930	1,635	75	45	30
$70,000 to $79,999	3,055	1,700	1,360	100	60	40
$80,000 and over	13,255	8,970	4,290	240	140	95
$80,000 to $89,999	2,630	1,535	1,100	90	40	50
$90,000 to $99,999	2,800	1,580	1,220	65	35	35
$100,000 and over	7,825	5,855	1,965	85	70	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,045	...	...	102,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,239	...	...	86,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,930	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,003	...	...	43,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,491	...	...	36,736	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,455	...	...	510	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,053	...	...	113,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,961	...	...	96,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	108,411	...	...	108,133	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,690	...	...	88,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,935	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,264	...	...	58,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,076	...	...	46,726	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,445	...	...	515	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,759	...	...	117,261	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,600	...	...	96,061	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
Under $5,000	1,225	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	555	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	860	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,105	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,345	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,290	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,345	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,350	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,440	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,315	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,690	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,525	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,395	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,305	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,220	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	16,405	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,375	...	...	100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,385	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,260	...	...	95	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,390	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
Under $5,000	1,285	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	570	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	885	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,160	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,485	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,425	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,565	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,645	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,625	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,675	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,180	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,025	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,955	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,690	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,280	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,930	...	...	240	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,585	...	...	115	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,085	...	...	70	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,255	...	...	50	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	27,935	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,958	...	...	113,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,198	...	...	96,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,020	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	92,514	...	...	91,904	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,588	...	...	77,056	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	13,540	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,735	...	...	136,576	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,815	...	...	111,424	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,660	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,823	...	...	47,744	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,470	...	...	45,184	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	27,890	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	131,312	...	...	116,195	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,469	...	...	95,232	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,025	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	115,978	...	...	99,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,290	...	...	81,633	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	13,575	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	159,949	...	...	140,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,329	...	...	113,778	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,665	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,683	...	...	50,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,599	...	...	46,429	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,925	9,370	8,555	130	75	55
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,160	25,639	26,596	41,472	42,880	36,480
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,924	24,630	25,304	34,432	35,968	31,040
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,040	9,300	8,740	140	70	75
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,682	40,990	38,290	57,310	64,440	50,652
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,249	34,009	32,441	45,916	51,204	40,977
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	103,390	51,690	51,700	1,630	815	815
In the bottom half of the distribution	42,885	21,220	21,665	495	230	265
In the bottom decile	12,205	6,300	5,905	60	30	30
In the second decile	7,570	3,605	3,965	85	35	50
In the third decile	7,265	3,450	3,810	95	35	55
In the fourth decile	7,570	3,705	3,865	110	60	50
In the fifth decile	8,275	4,155	4,120	150	75	75
In the top half of the distribution	60,510	30,465	30,040	1,135	585	550
In the sixth decile	9,280	4,610	4,670	170	80	90
In the seventh decile	10,210	5,165	5,040	220	105	110
In the eighth decile	11,370	5,755	5,625	305	165	145
In the ninth decile	13,710	6,875	6,835	300	150	150
In the top decile	15,940	8,065	7,875	140	85	55
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	103,390	51,685	51,700	1,630	815	820
0 to 17 years	20,205	10,420	9,785	400	200	200
0 to 5 years	5,780	2,980	2,805	115	60	55
18 to 64 years	69,415	34,925	34,490	1,140	570	570
65 years and over	13,765	6,340	7,430	90	45	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,195	6,935	7,255	100	40	60
0 to 17 years	2,800	1,475	1,325	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	920	500	420	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	10,240	5,035	5,205	55	20	35
65 years and over	1,160	430	730	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	13.4	14.0	6.1	4.9	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	13.9	14.2	13.5	8.8	7.5	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.9	16.8	15.0	4.3	8.3	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	14.4	15.1	4.8	3.5	6.1
65 years and over (%)	8.4	6.8	9.8	11.1	11.1	22.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,925	5,700	5,225	40	15	20
0 to 17 years	1,655	885	770	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	505	285	220	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	8,935	4,675	4,255	25	15	15
65 years and over	340	140	200	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.6	11.0	10.1	2.5	1.8	2.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.2	8.5	7.9	3.8	2.5	2.5
0 to 5 years (%)	8.7	9.6	7.8	4.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.9	13.4	12.3	2.2	2.6	2.6
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.2	2.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	103,390	51,685	51,700	1,635	815	820
Official languages	101,735	50,975	50,760	1,635	815	815
English	101,725	50,975	50,750	1,630	815	815
French	9,645	4,300	5,350	90	30	55
Non-official languages	33,920	16,875	17,045	20	15	0
Aboriginal languages	35	0	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	10	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	10	25	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	0	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	33,885	16,870	17,020	20	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,795	1,485	1,310	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	190	110	80	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	185	105	80	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,600	1,375	1,230	0	0	0
Amharic	130	55	75	0	0	0
Arabic	2,330	1,240	1,085	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	105	50	55	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	65	30	35	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	530	260	270	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	505	255	255	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	585	200	385	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	120	50	70	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	435	140	295	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	80	60	30	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	70	50	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	715	420	295	0	0	0
Kannada	80	45	30	0	0	0
Malayalam	190	90	100	0	0	0
Tamil	420	260	160	0	0	0
Telugu	105	70	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	100	40	60	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	18,760	9,190	9,565	20	15	10
Albanian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Armenian	205	95	110	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	4,010	1,840	2,165	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,985	1,835	2,145	0	0	0
Belarusan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	125	65	60	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Croatian	445	200	245	0	0	0
Czech	200	95	100	0	0	0
Macedonian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Polish	1,050	465	580	0	0	0
Russian	1,025	480	550	0	0	0
Serbian	880	410	470	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	85	25	65	0	0	0
Slovak	185	100	85	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	265	110	150	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,990	1,845	2,155	10	0	10
Afrikaans	65	35	30	10	10	0
Danish	70	30	45	0	0	0
Dutch	430	180	250	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,455	1,620	1,835	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	50	35	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	350	160	190	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,085	3,240	2,845	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,625	2,445	2,180	10	0	0
Bengali	555	295	255	0	0	0
Gujarati	530	290	240	0	0	0
Hindi	1,810	970	840	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	140	70	70	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,165	615	550	0	0	0
Sindhi	100	50	50	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	170	85	90	0	0	0
Urdu	1,580	815	765	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,465	800	665	0	0	0
Kurdish	75	30	45	0	0	0
Pashto	110	40	65	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,320	745	575	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,645	2,215	2,430	10	10	0
Catalan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	620	320	300	0	0	0
Portuguese	665	355	315	0	0	0
Romanian	960	455	510	0	0	0
Spanish	2,580	1,170	1,405	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	415	215	200	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,145	585	555	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	280	180	95	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	60	55	10	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	85	45	40	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	80	50	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	30	50	0	0	0
American Sign Language	50	20	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	8,735	4,365	4,375	0	0	0
Chinese languages	8,735	4,365	4,375	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,350	685	670	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	7,465	3,680	3,790	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	120	50	70	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	90	40	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	455	265	190	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	210	90	120	0	0	0
Lao	155	60	95	0	0	0
Thai	55	25	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	465	290	170	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	80	65	15	0	0	0
Turkish	405	260	145	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	315	145	170	0	0	0
Estonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	255	120	135	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	60	45	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	103,390	51,690	51,700	1,630	815	815
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	92,060	45,980	46,080	1,615	805	815
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,010	9,765	9,250	395	190	210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	73,045	36,215	36,835	1,225	615	610
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	11,330	5,710	5,620	15	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	103,390	51,685	51,705	1,630	815	820
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	72,255	36,195	36,060	1,610	800	815
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	26,155	12,835	13,320	10	10	0
Before 1981	6,355	3,015	3,335	10	0	0
1981 to 1990	2,705	1,320	1,385	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	5,400	2,700	2,705	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	7,855	3,970	3,885	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	3,890	2,015	1,875	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	3,970	1,955	2,015	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,840	1,835	2,005	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	4,985	2,660	2,320	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	26,155	12,830	13,320	10	10	0
Under 5 years	2,840	1,370	1,475	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	5,395	3,025	2,365	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	4,845	2,265	2,580	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	11,080	5,220	5,860	0	0	0
45 years and over	1,995	950	1,045	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	26,155	12,835	13,320	10	10	10
Americas	3,260	1,560	1,695	0	0	0
Brazil	135	80	55	0	0	0
Colombia	180	75	110	0	0	0
El Salvador	200	120	80	0	0	0
Guyana	440	195	245	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	250	150	105	0	0	0
Mexico	150	75	80	0	0	0
Peru	60	25	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	165	75	90	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	545	255	290	0	0	0
Europe	8,390	3,980	4,405	0	10	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	405	205	195	0	0	0
Croatia	285	140	150	0	0	0
France	80	45	35	0	0	0
Germany	1,085	490	600	0	0	0
Greece	120	50	70	0	0	0
Hungary	130	55	75	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	135	70	65	0	0	0
Italy	215	125	90	0	0	0
Netherlands	270	130	140	0	0	0
Poland	780	340	435	0	0	0
Portugal	180	95	85	0	0	0
Romania	755	365	390	0	0	0
Russian Federation	345	135	210	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ukraine	270	135	135	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,935	945	990	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,030	490	545	0	0	0
Africa	1,530	780	750	0	0	0
Algeria	35	15	15	0	0	0
Egypt	465	240	225	0	0	0
Ethiopia	80	35	45	0	0	0
Kenya	115	55	65	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	105	50	50	0	0	0
Somalia	85	50	40	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	130	70	65	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	490	265	230	0	0	0
Asia	12,875	6,460	6,415	0	0	0
Afghanistan	140	65	75	0	0	0
Bangladesh	275	145	135	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	3,825	1,875	1,950	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	380	215	160	0	0	0
India	2,000	1,060	940	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	755	395	360	0	0	0
Iraq	345	170	170	0	0	0
Japan	75	30	45	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	820	440	385	0	0	0
Lebanon	135	75	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	980	520	460	0	0	0
Philippines	405	135	270	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	330	165	165	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	390	195	195	0	0	0
Taiwan	320	150	170	0	0	0
Viet Nam	380	185	200	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,320	645	675	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,840	1,835	2,010	10	10	10
Americas	345	155	195	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	25	20	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	175	75	100	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	80	40	35	0	0	0
Europe	415	170	250	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	35	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	170	75	90	0	0	0
Africa	280	150	125	10	0	0
Algeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	100	50	50	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	20	15	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	55	35	0	0	0
Asia	2,795	1,355	1,445	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	50	10	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	900	430	470	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	10	0	0	0
India	475	270	200	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	260	135	130	0	0	0
Iraq	105	60	45	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	130	45	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	20	15	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	165	80	85	0	0	0
Philippines	145	45	100	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	55	40	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	240	130	110	0	0	0
Taiwan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Turkey	30	20	15	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	85	15	70	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	103,390	51,690	51,700	1,630	815	820
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	31,855	15,860	15,995	30	15	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	21,670	11,120	10,550	20	10	10
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	49,860	24,705	25,160	1,585	795	795
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	20,155	9,980	10,175	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	12,240	6,535	5,710	0	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	4,290	3,165	1,125	0	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	7,955	3,370	4,585	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	4,660	1,755	2,900	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	3,175	1,660	1,520	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	103,390	51,685	51,705	1,635	815	815
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,220	660	555	360	190	170
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,155	620	530	330	165	165
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	635	305	325	295	150	140
Métis	490	290	195	30	15	15
Inuk (Inuit)	30	25	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	25	15	30	20	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	102,175	51,030	51,145	1,270	625	645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	103,390	51,685	51,700	1,630	815	815
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	330	170	160	215	105	115
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	103,060	51,520	51,545	1,415	710	705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	103,390	51,690	51,700	1,630	815	815
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	150	55	105	50	40	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	155	50	105	55	35	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	130	35	95	55	35	15
Métis single ancestry	25	10	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,045	1,045	1,005	350	175	170
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,975	1,015	965	350	180	170
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,390	685	705	325	170	155
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	565	315	255	25	10	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	30	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	25	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	101,185	50,590	50,595	1,230	605	630
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	103,390	51,685	51,705	1,630	815	820
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	27,265	14,095	13,175	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	6,650	3,560	3,085	10	10	0
Chinese	9,565	4,770	4,790	0	0	0
Black	1,990	1,120	865	0	0	0
Filipino	545	195	350	0	0	0
Latin American	1,405	720	680	0	0	0
Arab	1,870	1,025	845	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,185	560	625	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,150	655	500	0	0	0
Korean	1,170	610	555	0	0	0
Japanese	225	100	120	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	610	310	300	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	905	460	445	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	76,125	37,595	38,530	1,625	810	815
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	103,390	51,685	51,700	1,635	815	815
North American Aboriginal origins	2,205	1,095	1,110	400	210	190
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,595	755	840	375	205	175
Inuit	25	25	0	0	0	0
Métis	655	345	305	20	10	15
Other North American origins	22,965	11,380	11,590	975	475	495
Acadian	120	50	70	0	0	0
American	1,355	710	640	0	0	0
Canadian	21,945	10,865	11,080	970	470	500
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	120	85	40	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	69,010	34,125	34,890	885	425	455
British Isles origins	42,580	21,165	21,415	850	420	430
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	23,845	11,795	12,050	690	360	325
Irish	17,975	8,650	9,325	200	85	115
Manx	30	10	20	0	0	0
Scottish	18,965	9,275	9,695	65	15	50
Welsh	1,890	845	1,045	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,210	1,535	1,675	30	10	20
French origins	8,795	4,290	4,500	135	60	75
Alsatian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	15	10	10	0	0	0
French	8,720	4,265	4,450	135	60	75
Western European origins (except French origins)	29,240	14,355	14,885	25	0	25
Austrian	1,110	545	560	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	395	215	180	0	0	0
Dutch	5,190	2,605	2,580	0	0	0
Flemish	100	60	45	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	24,050	11,820	12,230	25	0	25
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,535	755	785	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,575	1,340	1,235	0	0	0
Danish	565	305	260	0	0	0
Finnish	490	240	245	0	0	0
Icelandic	150	85	65	0	0	0
Norwegian	680	345	335	0	0	0
Swedish	620	300	315	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	220	135	90	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,295	6,440	6,850	25	0	25
Bulgarian	110	45	60	0	0	0
Byelorussian	125	50	75	0	0	0
Czech	535	275	255	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	120	50	70	0	0	0
Estonian	170	80	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,590	790	795	0	0	0
Latvian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	240	115	125	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	5,190	2,565	2,625	25	0	25
Romanian	1,625	760	865	0	0	0
Russian	1,925	910	1,015	0	0	0
Slovak	490	245	245	0	0	0
Ukrainian	3,050	1,490	1,560	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	9,560	4,865	4,700	0	0	10
Albanian	160	95	60	0	0	0
Bosnian	160	65	90	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	895	455	440	0	0	0
Cypriot	120	75	45	0	0	0
Greek	925	425	495	0	0	0
Italian	3,885	2,025	1,860	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	185	85	100	0	0	0
Maltese	165	70	95	0	0	0
Montenegrin	55	30	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,415	755	660	10	0	10
Serbian	960	460	505	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Spanish	1,065	545	515	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	280	120	155	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	500	280	220	0	0	10
Basque	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	335	195	140	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	135	75	65	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,475	765	715	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	110	45	65	0	0	0
Bermudan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	130	50	80	0	0	0
Dominican	65	35	25	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	635	375	260	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	260	130	130	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	220	110	120	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,290	1,125	1,165	0	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	60	35	30	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	40	0	40	0	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	170	95	70	0	0	0
Chilean	55	20	35	0	0	0
Colombian	360	155	205	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	85	35	45	0	0	0
Guatemalan	110	65	45	0	0	0
Guyanese	455	240	220	0	0	0
Hispanic	40	25	10	0	0	0
Honduran	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mexican	295	125	170	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	115	60	50	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Peruvian	125	75	45	0	0	0
Salvadorean	250	125	130	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	110	45	60	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	150	80	70	0	0	0
African origins	2,690	1,455	1,235	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	360	215	145	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	35	25	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	75	25	55	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	200	125	75	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	1,075	580	495	0	0	0
Algerian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	765	405	360	0	0	0
Libyan	125	65	55	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	75	40	35	0	0	0
Sudanese	35	25	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	750	380	375	10	10	10
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	95	45	50	0	0	0
Ethiopian	115	35	75	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	300	175	125	0	0	0
South African	125	45	80	10	10	0
Tanzanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	535	295	240	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	505	285	225	0	0	0
Asian origins	24,385	12,520	11,865	15	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,225	2,295	1,930	10	0	0
Afghan	300	175	125	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	425	265	155	0	0	0
Armenian	280	155	125	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	50	25	25	0	0	0
Georgian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hazara	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian	1,205	665	545	0	0	0
Iraqi	325	165	155	0	0	0
Israeli	30	20	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	355	175	180	10	0	0
Palestinian	275	120	150	0	0	0
Pashtun	95	50	50	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Syrian	400	215	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	390	240	150	0	0	0
Turkmen	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	160	90	65	0	0	0
South Asian origins	6,935	3,725	3,215	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	275	150	130	0	0	0
Bengali	115	65	50	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	4,905	2,630	2,280	10	0	10
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	65	30	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,145	595	555	0	0	0
Punjabi	205	120	85	0	0	0
Sinhalese	115	65	50	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	340	185	150	0	0	0
Tamil	85	55	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	325	175	155	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	13,450	6,595	6,855	0	0	0
Burmese	40	15	30	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Chinese	10,220	5,095	5,115	0	0	0
Filipino	645	245	400	0	0	0
Hmong	85	30	55	0	0	0
Indonesian	150	75	75	0	0	0
Japanese	320	155	170	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,235	640	590	0	0	0
Laotian	205	95	110	0	0	0
Malaysian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Singaporean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	220	95	125	0	0	0
Thai	80	30	50	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	745	370	375	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	95	50	50	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	135	70	65	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	140	75	65	0	0	0
Oceania origins	205	105	105	0	0	0
Australian	100	40	55	0	0	0
New Zealander	70	45	20	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
Owner	27,790	...	...	515	...	...
Renter	12,590	...	...	95	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
Condominium	5,695	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	34,685	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,725	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,245	...	...	85	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,515	...	...	270	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,855	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,600	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	5,675	...	...	105	...	...
6 rooms	6,335	...	...	75	...	...
7 rooms	5,880	...	...	95	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,890	...	...	285	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	40,385	...	...	610	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,835	...	...	610	...	...
More than 1 person per room	545	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40,385	...	...	610	...	...
Suitable	38,785	...	...	610	...	...
Not suitable	1,595	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
1960 or before	4,750	...	...	20	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,345	...	...	50	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,930	...	...	75	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,415	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,785	...	...	115	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,305	...	...	135	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,855	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	38,780	...	...	610	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,600	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,545	...	...	260	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,340	...	...	345	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,495	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	40,380	...	...	610	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,320	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,925	...	...	115	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,595	...	...	135	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,585	...	...	155	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,335	...	...	120	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,900	...	...	40	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,690	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	1,035	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	40,290	...	...	610	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,430	...	...	520	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,855	...	...	90	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,600	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,790	...	...	515	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.4	...	...	75.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.5	...	...	11.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,265	...	...	1,544	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,391	...	...	1,447	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	399,997	...	...	323,859	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	434,455	...	...	313,568	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,590	...	...	95	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.4	...	...	25.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,050	...	...	1,001	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,146	...	...	1,085	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	86,985	43,280	43,705	1,310	655	650
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,510	5,150	5,355	175	80	95
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,380	11,865	11,520	235	120	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	53,090	26,260	26,835	900	460	440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,815	2,685	1,125	160	130	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,690	965	725	65	35	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,125	1,720	400	95	95	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,370	6,330	8,040	360	180	185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,615	695	915	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	33,295	16,545	16,750	330	135	195
Bachelor's degree	20,290	9,510	10,780	220	70	145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,685	745	945	20	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	800	485	315	10	10	0
Master's degree	7,750	3,875	3,875	65	30	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,765	1,935	830	15	15	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,125	26,815	27,310	975	480	495
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,240	1,715	1,525	60	30	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,985	5,010	4,975	135	70	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,900	20,090	20,810	775	375	400
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,465	1,775	690	120	90	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,055	630	420	40	15	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,410	1,145	265	75	75	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,915	4,885	6,025	315	150	165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,055	455	600	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	26,470	12,970	13,500	295	115	175
Bachelor's degree	15,510	7,225	8,285	190	60	130
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,330	555	775	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	640	345	295	10	0	0
Master's degree	6,740	3,330	3,405	65	30	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,255	1,520	735	15	15	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	86,985	43,275	43,710	1,310	660	650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	33,890	17,020	16,875	410	195	210
Education	2,900	650	2,250	60	15	40
13. Education	2,900	650	2,250	55	15	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,790	695	1,100	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	265	215	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,525	480	1,045	0	10	0
Humanities	4,185	1,450	2,735	10	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	420	75	345	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,200	315	890	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	795	215	580	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	40	20	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	345	185	160	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	385	210	175	0	0	0
54. History	730	380	345	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	265	50	220	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,330	2,595	4,730	60	35	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	105	25	85	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	785	300	475	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	940	55	885	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	710	300	410	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	190	30	160	0	10	0
42. Psychology	1,575	420	1,160	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	3,025	1,465	1,555	25	10	10
Business, management and public administration	9,495	4,145	5,350	200	70	135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	730	130	605	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,755	4,005	4,750	180	65	110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,260	1,755	1,510	25	10	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,220	515	710	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	595	300	290	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	10	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,365	915	445	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	15	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	4,585	3,095	1,490	25	10	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,680	1,935	740	20	10	10
25. Library science	180	25	155	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,530	975	550	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	190	145	40	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,505	8,910	1,595	250	235	10
04. Architecture and related services	435	240	195	0	0	0
14. Engineering	4,995	3,885	1,115	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,850	1,660	190	50	45	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,185	1,155	30	100	100	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,130	1,090	45	70	65	0
48. Precision production	905	880	30	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	910	515	400	35	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	350	180	170	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	565	330	230	35	25	0
Health and related fields	6,045	1,455	4,585	185	15	165
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	985	425	560	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,805	865	3,940	175	15	155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	250	165	90	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,980	975	1,000	45	35	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,140	355	780	10	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	10	10	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	560	390	170	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	255	220	40	20	20	0
Other	105	20	85	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	105	20	85	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,120	26,810	27,310	975	480	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,220	6,725	6,500	195	105	90
Education	2,115	445	1,670	50	15	35
13. Education	2,115	445	1,675	55	15	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,320	450	865	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	165	130	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,150	320	830	0	0	0
Humanities	3,045	1,010	2,030	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	305	35	270	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	930	250	690	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	565	170	395	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	0	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	230	125	105	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	265	140	125	0	0	0
54. History	540	275	260	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	185	20	165	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,575	1,945	3,635	50	25	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	85	20	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	630	240	385	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	690	30	660	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	555	205	355	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	125	20	105	10	0	0
42. Psychology	1,190	290	900	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	2,295	1,135	1,155	20	10	15
Business, management and public administration	7,585	3,300	4,280	190	65	125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	610	100	515	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,960	3,190	3,770	170	60	105
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,440	1,290	1,155	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	980	405	575	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	395	210	185	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,005	655	345	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	15	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,905	2,645	1,260	25	10	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,430	1,755	675	20	10	10
25. Library science	145	15	130	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	1,160	740	415	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	175	135	35	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,140	6,800	1,345	190	180	10
04. Architecture and related services	330	155	180	0	0	0
14. Engineering	4,090	3,165	925	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,435	1,280	155	50	50	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	835	815	20	70	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	800	765	40	45	45	0
48. Precision production	645	620	25	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	730	405	320	35	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	270	135	135	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	460	275	185	30	25	0
Health and related fields	4,510	1,060	3,445	165	15	150
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	715	280	430	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,605	670	2,930	160	10	150
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	185	100	85	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,450	715	735	40	35	10
12. Personal and culinary services	785	225	560	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	450	310	145	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	205	185	20	20	20	0
Other	90	20	65	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	85	25	70	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	86,985	43,275	43,710	1,310	655	650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,890	17,015	16,875	410	195	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	53,090	26,260	26,835	900	460	440
Location of study inside Canada	41,890	20,745	21,140	895	455	440
Same as province or territory of residence	39,195	19,360	19,840	725	365	360
Different than province or territory of residence	2,690	1,385	1,305	170	90	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	11,205	5,510	5,690	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,795	975	820	0	0	0
Philippines	245	80	165	0	0	0
India	1,105	570	535	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,020	590	430	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,755	810	945	0	0	0
France	90	45	40	0	0	0
Other	5,195	2,435	2,755	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,125	26,810	27,310	975	480	495
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,220	6,720	6,500	200	105	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,905	20,085	20,810	780	375	400
Location of study inside Canada	32,310	16,050	16,260	775	375	405
Same as province or territory of residence	30,265	14,975	15,295	615	285	330
Different than province or territory of residence	2,045	1,080	970	165	90	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,590	4,040	4,555	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,365	705	660	0	0	0
Philippines	230	75	150	0	0	0
India	855	430	425	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	610	330	275	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,370	630	745	0	0	0
France	65	30	30	0	0	0
Other	4,100	1,830	2,270	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	86,985	43,280	43,710	1,305	660	650
In the labour force	57,275	30,260	27,010	990	525	470
Employed	53,325	28,230	25,090	930	480	445
Unemployed	3,945	2,025	1,920	65	45	20
Not in the labour force	29,710	13,015	16,700	320	135	180
Participation rate	65.8	69.9	61.8	75.9	79.5	72.3
Employment rate	61.3	65.2	57.4	71.3	72.7	68.5
Unemployment rate	6.9	6.7	7.1	6.6	8.6	4.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	86,985	43,275	43,710	1,305	660	650
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	26,540	11,340	15,205	235	105	130
Worked	60,445	31,935	28,505	1,075	555	520
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	31,025	17,720	13,305	630	350	285
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,415	14,215	15,205	445	205	240
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.6	41.7	42.8	43.0	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	57,270	30,260	27,010	995	520	470
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,245	620	630	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	56,030	29,640	26,385	990	520	470
Employee	49,950	25,970	23,980	940	485	450
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,075	3,670	2,410	55	40	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	57,270	30,260	27,010	995	525	470
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,250	615	630	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	56,030	29,640	26,380	990	525	470
0 Management occupations	6,565	4,160	2,405	125	105	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,645	2,685	5,960	115	20	90
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	7,210	5,630	1,580	40	30	0
3 Health occupations	2,890	695	2,195	170	25	150
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,675	3,390	5,285	140	45	90
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,910	810	1,100	15	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	11,910	5,360	6,550	210	115	95
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,950	4,655	295	155	150	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	615	485	130	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,655	1,770	885	20	20	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	57,270	30,260	27,015	995	520	470
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,250	615	630	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	56,030	29,645	26,385	990	525	470
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	260	155	110	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	55	0	20	20	0
22 Utilities	230	195	35	10	0	0
23 Construction	2,510	2,140	375	100	95	10
31-33 Manufacturing	5,930	4,215	1,715	40	35	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,935	1,425	515	30	30	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,635	2,865	2,770	140	85	55
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,290	1,025	270	25	15	15
51 Information and cultural industries	2,330	1,450	885	30	25	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,840	2,010	2,830	45	20	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,005	510	495	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	5,985	3,925	2,060	45	20	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	50	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,935	1,200	740	15	0	10
61 Educational services	8,260	3,445	4,815	80	40	40
62 Health care and social assistance	4,920	980	3,935	250	45	210
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,005	480	525	25	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,965	1,635	2,325	25	0	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,965	925	1,040	25	10	10
91 Public administration	1,875	960	920	80	35	40
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	53,325	28,235	25,090	930	485	445
Worked at home	4,115	2,035	2,080	35	10	25
Worked outside Canada	375	265	110	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,025	2,865	1,160	70	55	15
Worked at usual place	44,810	23,065	21,745	820	415	410
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	44,810	23,070	21,740	820	415	410
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	22,165	10,875	11,290	25	15	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	17,670	9,065	8,605	740	345	395
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,855	3,065	1,795	25	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	120	65	55	30	30	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	48,835	25,935	22,900	895	470	425
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,350	20,410	16,940	790	410	375
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,205	1,270	1,935	60	20	35
Public transit	3,705	1,805	1,900	10	10	0
Walked	3,095	1,465	1,630	10	0	0
Bicycle	1,000	740	265	0	0	0
Other method	480	245	235	35	25	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	48,835	25,935	22,905	890	470	425
Less than 15 minutes	17,375	8,455	8,920	630	325	310
15 to 29 minutes	20,895	11,035	9,865	190	90	100
30 to 44 minutes	6,245	3,735	2,505	50	45	10
45 to 59 minutes	1,835	1,035	800	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	2,490	1,670	815	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	48,835	25,935	22,900	895	470	425
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,740	1,150	595	45	35	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,330	4,225	2,105	70	70	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,775	6,235	5,540	300	120	175
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,225	6,750	7,480	300	155	145
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,450	3,655	3,795	70	35	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,315	3,930	3,385	110	55	55
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	62,695	33,130	29,565	1,095	565	525
Single responses	62,200	32,945	29,255	1,095	565	525
Official languages	61,545	32,580	28,965	1,095	565	530
English	61,325	32,530	28,790	1,090	565	530
French	225	50	170	10	0	0
Non-official languages	650	360	290	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	655	360	295	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	40	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	375	210	160	0	0	0
Chinese languages	370	210	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	25	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	295	165	130	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	495	185	305	0	0	0
English and French	130	20	110	0	0	0
English and non-official language	355	160	200	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	62,695	33,130	29,565	1,095	565	525
None	60,270	31,950	28,320	1,090	565	520
English	435	170	265	0	0	0
French	745	325	420	10	0	0
Non-official language	1,185	650	530	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,180	650	525	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	20	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	102,490	51,225	51,265	1,620	815	805
Non-movers	84,970	42,115	42,855	1,330	670	655
Movers	17,525	9,110	8,415	290	140	150
Non-migrants	9,015	4,830	4,190	140	60	85
Migrants	8,505	4,280	4,225	150	85	70
Internal migrants	6,160	3,095	3,065	145	75	65
Intraprovincial migrants	5,545	2,805	2,740	135	65	65
Interprovincial migrants	620	290	325	15	15	0
External migrants	2,340	1,185	1,160	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	98,665	49,245	49,420	1,530	780	755
Non-movers	58,375	28,610	29,765	915	480	440
Movers	40,290	20,640	19,655	615	300	315
Non-migrants	18,300	9,410	8,895	250	105	135
Migrants	21,990	11,225	10,765	370	195	175
Internal migrants	14,360	7,340	7,020	360	185	175
Intraprovincial migrants	12,850	6,555	6,290	230	120	105
Interprovincial migrants	1,515	785	730	135	65	65
External migrants	7,630	3,885	3,745	10	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Waterloo, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waterloo, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Waterloo, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waterloo, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Massey Drive [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador