Census Profile, 2016 Census
Central Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Central Elgin, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]			Elgin, CTY Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Central Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Central Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	12,607	...	...	88,978	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	12,743	...	...	87,461	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.1	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	5,324	...	...	36,613	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,922	...	...	34,995	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	45.0	...	...	47.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	280.33	...	...	1,881.03	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	12,605	6,355	6,250	88,980	43,735	45,240
0 to 14 years	1,985	1,060	930	16,700	8,595	8,110
0 to 4 years	525	275	250	5,115	2,640	2,475
5 to 9 years	715	385	330	5,875	3,010	2,865
10 to 14 years	745	400	345	5,710	2,940	2,770
15 to 64 years	8,165	4,075	4,090	56,135	27,725	28,415
15 to 19 years	730	365	365	5,595	2,880	2,710
20 to 24 years	625	315	310	4,880	2,520	2,355
25 to 29 years	500	260	245	4,505	2,185	2,320
30 to 34 years	595	300	300	4,880	2,370	2,520
35 to 39 years	665	325	340	5,105	2,475	2,630
40 to 44 years	775	395	385	5,580	2,730	2,850
45 to 49 years	925	440	485	5,880	2,885	2,995
50 to 54 years	1,155	585	575	6,895	3,400	3,490
55 to 59 years	1,140	570	565	6,805	3,335	3,465
60 to 64 years	1,050	525	520	6,015	2,940	3,070
65 years and over	2,455	1,225	1,230	16,140	7,425	8,720
65 to 69 years	995	510	480	5,585	2,675	2,910
70 to 74 years	640	325	310	4,030	1,965	2,065
75 to 79 years	415	205	215	2,830	1,345	1,490
80 to 84 years	220	110	115	1,815	805	1,010
85 years and over	190	80	110	1,880	635	1,245
85 to 89 years	130	60	75	1,180	430	750
90 to 94 years	50	20	30	565	175	385
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	120	25	95
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.7	16.7	14.9	18.8	19.7	17.9
15 to 64 years	64.8	64.1	65.4	63.1	63.4	62.8
65 years and over	19.5	19.3	19.7	18.1	17.0	19.3
85 years and over	1.5	1.3	1.8	2.1	1.5	2.8
Average age of the population	43.6	43.2	44.0	41.1	40.2	42.0
Median age of the population	47.4	47.2	47.6	42.5	41.5	43.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,925	...	...	34,995	...	...
Single-detached house	4,590	...	...	27,125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	775	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	320	...	...	6,750	...	...
Semi-detached house	45	...	...	1,415	...	...
Row house	110	...	...	970	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	45	...	...	730	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	105	...	...	3,535	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	105	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
1 person	910	...	...	8,840	...	...
2 persons	2,115	...	...	13,130	...	...
3 persons	735	...	...	5,235	...	...
4 persons	775	...	...	4,575	...	...
5 or more persons	390	...	...	3,220	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,535	...	...	87,605	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	10,625	5,300	5,320	72,275	35,145	37,130
Married or living common law	7,320	3,665	3,655	44,570	22,240	22,335
Married	6,345	3,180	3,165	37,850	18,905	18,945
Living common law	975	485	495	6,725	3,335	3,385
Not married and not living common law	3,300	1,635	1,665	27,710	12,905	14,800
Never married	2,050	1,110	940	16,495	9,000	7,500
Separated	250	135	120	2,295	1,015	1,285
Divorced	490	255	235	4,350	1,880	2,465
Widowed	510	135	380	4,565	1,015	3,545
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,015	...	...	25,810	...	...
2 persons	2,220	...	...	13,540	...	...
3 persons	745	...	...	5,175	...	...
4 persons	750	...	...	4,385	...	...
5 or more persons	305	...	...	2,710	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,020	...	...	25,810	...	...
Total couple families	3,635	...	...	22,020	...	...
Married couples	3,150	...	...	18,655	...	...
Common-law couples	490	...	...	3,360	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	385	...	...	3,790	...	...
Female parent	280	...	...	3,000	...	...
Male parent	100	...	...	790	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,635	...	...	22,020	...	...
Couples without children	1,980	...	...	11,255	...	...
Couples with children	1,650	...	...	10,765	...	...
1 child	635	...	...	4,060	...	...
2 children	725	...	...	4,095	...	...
3 or more children	295	...	...	2,605	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	385	...	...	3,790	...	...
1 child	235	...	...	2,290	...	...
2 children	110	...	...	1,110	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,245	625	625	11,900	5,570	6,330
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,925	...	...	34,995	...	...
One-census-family households	3,850	...	...	24,810	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,910	...	...	10,850	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,935	...	...	13,960	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	85	...	...	495	...	...
Non-census-family households	985	...	...	9,690	...	...
One-person households	910	...	...	8,840	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	80	...	...	850	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	12,550	6,300	6,250	87,945	43,280	44,665
English only	11,935	6,045	5,890	83,780	41,520	42,260
French only	0	5	0	5	5	5
English and French	600	255	350	3,545	1,490	2,050
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	615	270	350
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	12,550	6,305	6,250	87,940	43,275	44,665
English	12,430	6,245	6,185	86,570	42,650	43,925
French	95	50	50	720	345	370
English and French	10	5	5	55	25	25
Neither English nor French	10	0	10	600	260	340
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	105	50	55	745	360	390
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	12,550	6,300	6,250	87,945	43,275	44,665
Single responses	12,470	6,260	6,215	87,230	42,950	44,280
Official languages	11,680	5,870	5,810	75,820	37,385	38,430
English	11,575	5,820	5,755	75,000	36,990	38,010
French	110	55	55	820	395	425
Non-official languages	795	390	400	11,410	5,565	5,845
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	790	395	405	11,405	5,560	5,845
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	145	70	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	145	70	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	100	50	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	5	50	25	25
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	240	115	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	150	70	80
Vietnamese	10	5	0	85	45	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	85	25	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5	75	20	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	700	350	350	10,460	5,130	5,330
Albanian	15	5	10	70	35	35
Armenian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	130	60	70	790	365	430
Baltic languages	5	5	0	35	20	20
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	35	15	20
Slavic languages	125	55	70	760	345	410
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	5	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	195	100	100
Czech	5	0	0	40	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	45	20	25	305	130	170
Russian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Serbian	0	0	5	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	35	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	15	10	5
Ukrainian	10	5	5	80	35	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	440	220	220	8,515	4,180	4,335
Afrikaans	5	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	5	0	5	25	15	15
Dutch	160	80	75	1,065	525	540
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	255	130	130	7,230	3,535	3,695
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	10	135	80	55
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Greek	10	5	5	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	140	60	75
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	120	55	65
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	45	20	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	50	45	880	450	425
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	15	205	110	95
Portuguese	30	20	10	330	180	150
Romanian	5	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	30	10	20	315	150	165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	65	25	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	20	15	5
American Sign Language	5	5	5	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	90	35	50
Chinese languages	15	5	10	85	30	50
Cantonese	5	0	0	40	15	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	10	40	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	30	15	15
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	5	5	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	15	210	90	115
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	5	5	5	15	0	10
Hungarian	15	5	10	190	85	105
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	80	40	35	710	325	390
English and French	15	5	10	130	55	70
English and non-official language	60	30	30	570	260	305
French and non-official language	5	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	12,550	6,300	6,250	87,940	43,280	44,665
Single responses	12,435	6,240	6,200	86,595	42,650	43,955
Official languages	12,275	6,170	6,115	82,260	40,550	41,710
English	12,260	6,160	6,100	82,120	40,485	41,635
French	15	10	10	135	60	75
Non-official languages	155	70	85	4,340	2,100	2,240
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	155	75	85	4,340	2,100	2,240
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	55	30	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	60	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	50	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	135	70	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	70	35	40
Vietnamese	5	5	0	65	30	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	55	70	3,940	1,895	2,050
Albanian	10	0	5	20	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	10	20	230	100	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	35	10	25	225	100	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	10	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	10	0	5	70	35	35
Czech	5	0	0	10	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10	100	45	55
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	25	35	3,335	1,625	1,705
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	80	45	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	25	30	3,045	1,485	1,560
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	185	90	95
Greek	5	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	295	135	160
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	35	15	20
Portuguese	5	0	5	115	50	65
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	10	5	0	135	60	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	45	20	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	35	25	10
American Sign Language	5	5	5	10	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	50	25	25
Chinese languages	5	0	5	40	25	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	30	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	110	65	50	1,345	630	710
English and French	5	5	5	60	25	35
English and non-official language	100	60	50	1,275	605	665
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	12,550	6,300	6,250	87,945	43,275	44,665
None	12,090	6,090	5,995	81,480	40,205	41,275
English	90	40	50	1,940	930	1,010
French	95	40	55	620	260	360
Non-official language	265	125	140	3,845	1,860	1,990
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	265	130	140	3,840	1,855	1,980
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	5
English and non-official language	5	0	0	15	5	10
French and non-official language	5	5	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,555	5,240	5,315	70,935	34,550	36,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,240	5,105	5,135	68,225	33,255	34,970
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,433	47,607	33,260	32,886	40,284	26,847
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,245	5,105	5,140	68,245	33,255	34,990
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,952	41,893	29,755	29,961	36,056	25,069
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,640	4,865	4,780	60,485	30,385	30,095
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,314	44,347	29,259	30,458	38,335	23,340
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,020	3,205	3,820	49,965	22,340	27,620
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,829	7,632	6,531	7,367	6,348	7,882
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,890	4,130	3,765	50,100	26,320	23,780
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,128	44,070	30,647	31,307	37,602	25,582
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	10,550	5,270	5,285	70,935	34,555	36,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,205	5,145	5,055	67,980	33,145	34,830
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,255	58,299	42,076	40,341	46,788	34,205
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,210	5,145	5,070	68,000	33,145	34,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,518	47,350	35,599	34,591	39,497	29,925
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,585	4,885	4,690	60,230	30,275	29,955
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,474	55,802	38,799	38,337	45,206	31,395
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,075	3,270	3,805	49,810	22,160	27,650
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,170	8,261	8,092	8,703	8,237	9,077
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,890	4,150	3,740	50,100	26,265	23,830
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,231	51,914	37,801	37,767	42,851	32,162
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	10,550	5,270	5,290	70,930	34,555	36,380
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,945	2,240	1,705	25,050	14,465	10,590
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	59,385	65,478	51,470	48,815	53,474	43,464
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,737	70,171	57,606	54,341	58,343	48,874
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.6	90.9	85.3	84.2	88.3	78.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.1	72.3	67.1	68.9	72.6	64.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.4	9.1	14.7	15.8	11.7	21.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	10,550	5,240	5,315	70,935	34,555	36,380
Without total income	310	130	175	2,710	1,300	1,405
With total income	10,245	5,105	5,140	68,230	33,255	34,970
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.4	96.7	96.2	96.2	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,190	475	715	8,975	3,535	5,440
$10,000 to $19,999	1,425	560	870	12,150	4,530	7,620
$20,000 to $29,999	1,295	535	765	10,460	4,375	6,085
$30,000 to $39,999	1,160	530	630	8,705	4,050	4,660
$40,000 to $49,999	1,170	590	580	7,990	4,235	3,750
$50,000 to $59,999	940	485	455	5,885	3,345	2,540
$60,000 to $69,999	735	435	300	4,170	2,595	1,575
$70,000 to $79,999	580	345	230	2,850	1,870	980
$80,000 to $89,999	450	280	170	1,990	1,290	700
$90,000 to $99,999	435	245	190	1,870	1,090	780
$100,000 and over	855	625	225	3,180	2,335	845
$100,000 to $149,999	645	470	175	2,490	1,825	660
$150,000 and over	210	160	55	690	510	185
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,550	5,235	5,320	70,935	34,555	36,380
Without after-tax income	310	130	175	2,690	1,300	1,390
With after-tax income	10,245	5,105	5,140	68,245	33,255	34,990
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.5	96.6	96.2	96.2	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,255	495	760	9,270	3,615	5,655
$10,000 to $19,999	1,510	600	910	12,785	4,840	7,945
$20,000 to $29,999	1,545	630	920	12,115	5,120	7,000
$30,000 to $39,999	1,395	690	705	10,585	5,280	5,305
$40,000 to $49,999	1,350	695	655	8,600	4,785	3,810
$50,000 to $59,999	1,010	585	425	5,650	3,475	2,175
$60,000 to $69,999	730	450	280	3,400	2,225	1,175
$70,000 to $79,999	575	350	230	2,635	1,615	1,020
$80,000 and over	870	615	255	3,205	2,300	900
$80,000 to $89,999	335	215	125	1,370	955	415
$90,000 to $99,999	175	135	40	685	485	195
$100,000 and over	355	260	90	1,155	855	300
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	10,555	5,240	5,315	70,935	34,555	36,380
Without employment income	2,665	1,110	1,555	20,835	8,235	12,605
With employment income	7,890	4,130	3,765	50,095	26,320	23,780
Percentage with employment income	74.8	78.8	70.8	70.6	76.2	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,265	675	590	8,195	4,190	3,995
$5,000 to $9,999	610	240	370	4,165	1,695	2,470
$10,000 to $19,999	885	390	495	6,435	2,775	3,665
$20,000 to $29,999	720	330	395	5,505	2,490	3,015
$30,000 to $39,999	760	320	435	5,670	2,670	3,000
$40,000 to $49,999	690	325	365	5,225	2,775	2,450
$50,000 to $59,999	615	315	295	4,145	2,490	1,660
$60,000 to $69,999	520	330	195	3,030	1,965	1,065
$70,000 to $79,999	430	265	170	2,135	1,440	695
$80,000 and over	1,405	945	455	5,595	3,840	1,760
$80,000 to $89,999	385	245	140	1,650	1,080	575
$90,000 to $99,999	360	205	160	1,600	950	655
$100,000 and over	660	500	155	2,345	1,810	535
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,925	...	...	34,995	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	88,765	...	...	66,494	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,569	...	...	59,283	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	910	...	...	8,840	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,048	...	...	31,370	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,608	...	...	28,689	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,010	...	...	26,155	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,427	...	...	80,327	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,418	...	...	71,154	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,925	...	...	34,995	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	104,154	...	...	78,364	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,114	...	...	67,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	905	...	...	8,855	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,978	...	...	38,163	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,375	...	...	32,797	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,015	...	...	26,140	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,345	...	...	91,985	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,406	...	...	78,877	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,925	...	...	34,995	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	345	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	445	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	940	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1,300	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	1,675	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	135	...	...	1,410	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	1,615	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	135	...	...	1,565	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	180	...	...	1,680	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	185	...	...	1,595	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	360	...	...	3,090	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	345	...	...	2,825	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	2,690	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	345	...	...	2,285	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290	...	...	2,020	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,130	...	...	9,515	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	725	...	...	3,855	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	495	...	...	2,320	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	575	...	...	2,235	...	...
$200,000 and over	330	...	...	1,110	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	385	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	450	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	960	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	1,375	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	1,860	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	160	...	...	1,560	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...	1,820	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	175	...	...	1,905	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	230	...	...	1,945	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	235	...	...	1,920	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	430	...	...	3,570	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	420	...	...	3,310	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	440	...	...	2,960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	395	...	...	2,450	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...	2,005	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,575	...	...	6,525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	715	...	...	3,265	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	415	...	...	1,700	...	...
$150,000 and over	445	...	...	1,560	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,965	...	...	25,565	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,120	...	...	80,321	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,033	...	...	71,153	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,885	...	...	10,655	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,587	...	...	72,485	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,891	...	...	64,558	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,670	...	...	10,870	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,979	...	...	101,613	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,542	...	...	88,283	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	3,525	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,981	...	...	48,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,387	...	...	45,426	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,975	...	...	25,550	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,112	...	...	92,051	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,174	...	...	78,882	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	10,640	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,350	...	...	85,559	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,555	...	...	72,812	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,645	...	...	10,885	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	136,033	...	...	110,801	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,262	...	...	94,620	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	365	...	...	3,525	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,234	...	...	55,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,454	...	...	49,996	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,065	540	525	10,560	4,995	5,565
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	41,190	44,416	35,328	30,009	33,974	27,467
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,814	38,613	32,192	27,648	30,552	25,860
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,050	570	485	10,575	5,045	5,530
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	48,815	52,292	44,755	36,935	39,606	34,501
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,703	40,741	38,492	31,855	33,447	30,405
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,540	2,240	2,305	48,325	23,185	25,135
In the bottom decile	520	250	270	7,655	3,630	4,025
In the second decile	715	335	390	9,935	4,530	5,405
In the third decile	930	460	465	10,900	5,220	5,685
In the fourth decile	1,120	560	560	10,090	4,935	5,160
In the fifth decile	1,255	635	620	9,745	4,880	4,860
In the top half of the distribution	7,995	4,060	3,935	39,285	19,945	19,335
In the sixth decile	1,490	745	745	9,690	4,900	4,790
In the seventh decile	1,710	850	855	9,125	4,600	4,525
In the eighth decile	1,655	855	805	8,485	4,350	4,135
In the ninth decile	1,725	885	845	7,295	3,705	3,590
In the top decile	1,415	725	690	4,690	2,400	2,290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
0 to 17 years	2,410	1,260	1,155	20,115	10,320	9,795
0 to 5 years	660	345	310	6,250	3,235	3,010
18 to 64 years	7,670	3,820	3,855	52,245	25,695	26,550
65 years and over	2,455	1,220	1,230	15,245	7,120	8,120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	850	395	455	12,515	5,795	6,715
0 to 17 years	215	105	115	3,785	1,965	1,820
0 to 5 years	55	30	30	1,340	685	655
18 to 64 years	475	220	250	6,785	3,110	3,675
65 years and over	165	70	90	1,945	730	1,220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.8	6.3	7.3	14.3	13.4	15.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	8.3	10.0	18.8	19.0	18.6
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	8.7	9.7	21.4	21.2	21.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	5.8	6.5	13.0	12.1	13.8
65 years and over (%)	6.7	5.7	7.3	12.8	10.3	15.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	305	150	155	5,010	2,415	2,595
0 to 17 years	65	35	30	1,330	690	645
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	465	230	230
18 to 64 years	215	105	110	3,430	1,605	1,825
65 years and over	25	10	10	250	125	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.4	2.4	2.5	5.7	5.6	5.8
0 to 17 years (%)	2.7	2.8	2.6	6.6	6.7	6.6
0 to 5 years (%)	2.3	2.9	3.2	7.4	7.1	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.8	2.7	2.9	6.6	6.2	6.9
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.8	0.8	1.6	1.8	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
Official languages	12,530	6,295	6,235	86,995	42,865	44,135
English	12,530	6,295	6,235	86,980	42,860	44,120
French	600	230	365	3,540	1,460	2,080
Non-official languages	1,040	560	485	12,875	6,175	6,705
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	10	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,040	560	480	12,865	6,175	6,695
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	165	65	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	160	60	95
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	80	35	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	50	20	35
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	30	10	370	200	170
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	135	65	70
Vietnamese	30	25	0	240	135	100
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	115	35	85
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	105	25	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	860	445	415	11,560	5,530	6,030
Albanian	20	0	15	60	20	35
Armenian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	180	75	105	855	425	430
Baltic languages	10	10	0	30	20	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	25	20	10
Slavic languages	175	65	105	830	400	425
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	20	25	245	130	115
Czech	25	15	10	75	40	30
Macedonian	10	10	10	15	0	10
Polish	65	25	45	330	155	175
Russian	10	10	0	45	15	25
Serbian	0	0	10	45	15	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	15	40	20	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	10	0	80	30	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Celtic languages	10	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	490	250	235	8,850	4,195	4,655
Afrikaans	10	0	0	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dutch	200	105	95	1,120	530	590
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	280	150	135	7,235	3,415	3,820
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	130	75	50
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	960	500	455
Greek	20	20	0	70	40	25
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	350	140	205
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	315	135	180
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	95	40	55
Hindi	0	0	0	115	50	65
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	125	50	75
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	75	35	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	95	75	1,945	1,090	850
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	50	35	10	335	190	140
Portuguese	45	30	10	405	230	175
Romanian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Spanish	75	25	50	1,195	665	535
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	25	20	10	45	30	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	50	40	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	25	20	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	10	140	55	85
American Sign Language	15	10	10	60	25	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	30	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	20	0	125	80	50
Chinese languages	30	20	10	110	60	50
Cantonese	10	10	10	55	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	75	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	20	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	265	120	145
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	20	10	10
Hungarian	20	10	15	245	110	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	12,385	6,215	6,170	85,610	42,185	43,420
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,405	1,205	1,200	19,920	10,170	9,750
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,975	5,010	4,970	65,695	32,020	33,675
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	155	85	70	1,995	950	1,050
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	11,405	5,745	5,665	76,830	37,935	38,895
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,115	550	570	10,465	5,060	5,405
Before 1981	770	410	365	5,210	2,480	2,725
1981 to 1990	145	65	85	1,705	810	895
1991 to 2000	90	35	55	1,535	770	765
2001 to 2010	100	40	55	1,335	655	680
2001 to 2005	60	20	40	600	305	290
2006 to 2010	40	25	20	735	345	390
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	10	685	345	335
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	10	315	145	175
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,120	550	570	10,465	5,060	5,405
Under 5 years	205	135	70	1,855	940	910
5 to 14 years	315	160	155	2,925	1,510	1,405
15 to 24 years	290	120	170	2,580	1,105	1,470
25 to 44 years	290	120	170	2,620	1,260	1,360
45 years and over	20	15	15	485	235	255
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,115	550	570	10,460	5,060	5,405
Americas	215	95	115	4,820	2,285	2,535
Brazil	10	0	10	25	10	15
Colombia	0	0	10	75	30	45
El Salvador	10	0	0	15	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haiti	0	0	10	10	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	100	50	50
Mexico	90	45	40	3,525	1,695	1,825
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	35	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	25	50	685	275	405
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	10	335	195	140
Europe	785	395	390	4,645	2,310	2,330
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	75	40	30
Croatia	10	0	10	120	65	60
France	0	0	0	25	10	10
Germany	75	30	45	335	155	185
Greece	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungary	15	10	0	95	55	45
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	35	15	20
Italy	20	10	10	205	120	80
Netherlands	150	95	60	1,015	540	470
Poland	35	10	25	205	75	125
Portugal	30	25	10	265	145	120
Romania	0	10	0	115	35	80
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	25	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	40	10	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	335	165	170	1,545	745	805
Other places of birth in Europe	100	45	60	500	260	240
Africa	45	25	25	135	70	70
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	20	0	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	50	20	25
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	40	30	10
Asia	65	35	30	825	380	450
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	75	20	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	15	10	0
India	10	10	0	150	65	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	10	0	25	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	30	20	10
Japan	0	0	10	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	10	0	45	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Philippines	0	0	0	105	30	70
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	135	85	55
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	185	85	100
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	35	10	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	0	10	685	350	335
Americas	0	0	10	490	255	235
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	20	0	20
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	355	190	165
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	0	65	35	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	20	10
Europe	0	0	0	55	35	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	0	0	10	120	50	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	15	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,180	590	585	11,295	5,475	5,815
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,295	1,220	1,080	17,820	8,705	9,115
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,060	4,490	4,570	58,495	28,950	29,545
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	370	160	215	5,450	2,675	2,775
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	145	75	70	1,465	755	710
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	50	40	10	420	285	125
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	90	30	60	1,050	465	585
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	165	45	120	2,820	1,320	1,500
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	25	25	1,020	525	490
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	0	145	70	70
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	305	140	160	1,975	905	1,070
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	300	140	160	1,940	900	1,045
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	245	120	125	1,355	640	715
Métis	55	15	35	565	240	320
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	25	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	12,235	6,155	6,075	85,630	42,230	43,400
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	110	50	60	735	320	420
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,420	6,240	6,185	86,870	42,815	44,055
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	55	25	35	300	150	150
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	55	20	35	300	150	150
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	55	20	35	250	130	125
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	40	15	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	335	150	185	2,825	1,270	1,550
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	330	150	185	2,780	1,245	1,535
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	295	135	160	2,190	990	1,200
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	20	580	255	330
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	40	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	12,145	6,120	6,025	84,485	41,715	42,765
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	310	160	145	2,585	1,240	1,345
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	360	165	200
Chinese	60	35	20	195	95	105
Black	90	45	45	610	325	290
Filipino	20	10	10	180	65	120
Latin American	30	10	25	320	165	155
Arab	10	0	0	90	40	50
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	50	30	20	485	250	240
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	20
Japanese	15	10	0	55	25	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	80	35	45
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	10	15	140	50	85
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	12,225	6,135	6,095	85,015	41,895	43,125
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	12,535	6,295	6,240	87,605	43,135	44,470
North American Aboriginal origins	390	170	215	3,120	1,420	1,700
First Nations (North American Indian)	350	155	190	2,485	1,145	1,340
Inuit	10	0	10	25	15	10
Métis	35	15	20	655	285	365
Other North American origins	4,395	2,180	2,215	30,505	15,105	15,400
Acadian	40	10	30	80	40	45
American	180	65	115	1,150	525	625
Canadian	4,255	2,130	2,125	29,785	14,770	15,015
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	90	40	50
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	40	15	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	10,255	5,145	5,110	69,635	34,135	35,495
British Isles origins	7,440	3,655	3,790	45,675	22,105	23,570
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,765	2,315	2,455	30,135	14,620	15,520
Irish	2,365	1,125	1,240	15,870	7,420	8,445
Manx	0	0	0	20	15	10
Scottish	3,305	1,655	1,650	19,980	9,670	10,305
Welsh	325	115	205	1,655	730	925
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	325	150	175	2,255	1,070	1,190
French origins	1,100	540	565	8,145	3,795	4,355
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,105	545	560	8,145	3,790	4,355
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,325	1,660	1,660	27,655	13,665	13,990
Austrian	25	10	15	330	135	190
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	275	140	135	1,605	855	750
Dutch	1,565	810	755	9,920	4,965	4,955
Flemish	0	10	0	85	30	50
Frisian	0	0	0	50	15	30
German	1,745	845	900	17,685	8,615	9,070
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	70	35	35	655	330	325
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	295	120	175	1,515	660	855
Danish	45	10	35	385	155	230
Finnish	60	20	40	175	65	110
Icelandic	10	0	0	65	20	40
Norwegian	85	40	40	435	215	220
Swedish	75	35	40	390	175	210
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	15	15	115	55	60
Eastern European origins	1,240	595	645	8,850	4,315	4,535
Bulgarian	15	10	15	65	40	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Czech	40	25	15	255	145	110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	80	30	45	230	105	125
Estonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungarian	270	135	140	1,795	885	910
Latvian	15	15	0	25	25	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	320	170	150
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	315	130	185	2,230	1,075	1,160
Romanian	65	45	20	590	300	290
Russian	115	55	65	2,305	1,100	1,210
Slovak	65	40	25	210	110	105
Ukrainian	360	170	185	1,685	850	840
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Southern European origins	995	515	475	5,475	2,745	2,730
Albanian	15	10	15	65	25	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	30	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	100	60	45	545	295	250
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	90	55	40	395	180	215
Italian	400	215	180	2,175	1,090	1,085
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	20	10	15
Maltese	105	40	65	435	205	230
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	155	100	60	1,035	575	465
Serbian	10	0	0	90	30	60
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Spanish	105	45	60	530	220	310
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	70	15	55	335	160	170
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	10	295	145	155
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	95	40	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	190	100	90
Caribbean origins	25	10	10	445	235	215
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Bermudan	0	10	0	20	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	245	120	125
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	90	55	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	10	70	15	55
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	90	35	60	3,005	1,465	1,540
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Brazilian	10	0	15	35	20	20
Chilean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombian	0	0	10	125	40	90
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Honduran	0	0	0	40	25	15
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	55	25	30	2,605	1,280	1,325
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	25	10	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	15	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	45	0	40
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	0	10
African origins	95	50	40	485	240	250
Central and West African origins	40	25	15	55	35	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	35	20	15	50	30	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	15	10	10	75	35	45
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	10	10	65	30	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	30	15	20	140	70	70
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	20	10	0
South African	15	10	10	85	35	50
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	0	215	100	115
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	185	90	100
Asian origins	220	110	110	1,795	835	965
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	20	20	370	175	195
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	15	0	10	65	25	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	35	20	15
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	10	10	160	85	75
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	40	20	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	20	10	10	395	180	210
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	10	10	325	155	170
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	15	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	155	80	75	1,040	480	565
Burmese	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	175	70	110
Chinese	65	30	35	265	120	145
Filipino	25	10	20	200	65	135
Hmong	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	10	15	0	10
Japanese	15	10	10	55	25	30
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	20
Laotian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	30	0	275	155	125
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oceania origins	10	0	10	80	30	50
Australian	10	0	10	70	30	40
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
Owner	4,385	...	...	26,400	...	...
Renter	540	...	...	8,595	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...	760	...	...
Not condominium	4,785	...	...	34,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,925	...	...	34,995	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	155	...	...	2,800	...	...
2 bedrooms	775	...	...	7,660	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,380	...	...	15,155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,615	...	...	9,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,925	...	...	34,995	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	270	...	...	4,805	...	...
5 rooms	455	...	...	4,420	...	...
6 rooms	875	...	...	5,820	...	...
7 rooms	955	...	...	5,800	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,355	...	...	14,150	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.6	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,905	...	...	34,685	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
Suitable	4,840	...	...	33,945	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
1960 or before	1,815	...	...	13,290	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,215	...	...	8,665	...	...
1981 to 1990	540	...	...	3,395	...	...
1991 to 2000	520	...	...	3,685	...	...
2001 to 2005	340	...	...	2,165	...	...
2006 to 2010	205	...	...	2,240	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	280	...	...	1,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,680	...	...	32,545	...	...
Major repairs needed	245	...	...	2,450	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,920	...	...	34,995	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,475	...	...	20,155	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,395	...	...	14,360	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	50	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,925	...	...	34,995	...	...
15 to 24 years	55	...	...	805	...	...
25 to 34 years	390	...	...	4,185	...	...
35 to 44 years	700	...	...	5,670	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,060	...	...	7,045	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,220	...	...	7,345	...	...
65 to 74 years	925	...	...	5,855	...	...
75 to 84 years	425	...	...	2,995	...	...
85 years and over	150	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,775	...	...	33,825	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,070	...	...	26,740	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	705	...	...	7,085	...	...
30% to less than 100%	645	...	...	6,400	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,250	...	...	25,345	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	62.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.6	...	...	14.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,132	...	...	1,066	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,250	...	...	1,137	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	289,761	...	...	224,783	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	339,417	...	...	258,635	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	530	...	...	8,505	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.6	...	...	15.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.6	...	...	41.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	902	...	...	774	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	948	...	...	815	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,555	5,270	5,285	70,935	34,555	36,380
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,755	940	810	17,830	9,290	8,545
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,985	1,445	1,545	20,820	10,405	10,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,815	2,880	2,930	32,285	14,865	17,420
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	970	710	265	5,570	4,060	1,510
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	390	215	180	2,620	1,595	1,030
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	585	500	85	2,950	2,465	480
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,945	1,280	1,660	18,450	7,490	10,955
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	120	90	955	400	555
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,690	770	920	7,310	2,915	4,400
Bachelor's degree	1,245	545	695	5,505	2,130	3,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	55	65	565	220	345
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	35	20	145	95	50
Master's degree	255	120	140	1,020	420	595
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	25	0	80	45	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,765	3,400	3,365	45,255	21,990	23,265
No certificate, diploma or degree	630	385	240	7,675	4,250	3,430
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,850	935	910	13,125	6,840	6,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,285	2,075	2,215	24,450	10,905	13,545
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	600	445	150	3,680	2,720	960
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	220	110	105	1,720	1,060	660
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	380	335	45	1,960	1,665	300
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,265	985	1,280	14,535	5,850	8,690
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	85	50	655	295	360
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,295	560	735	5,580	2,040	3,540
Bachelor's degree	965	405	555	4,230	1,525	2,705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	35	50	425	150	280
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15	95	45	45
Master's degree	190	80	115	770	290	480
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	15	0	55	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,550	5,270	5,285	70,930	34,555	36,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,740	2,385	2,355	38,650	19,685	18,960
Education	380	95	285	1,950	520	1,430
13. Education	380	95	285	1,950	525	1,425
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	35	80	855	295	560
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	10	20	195	135	55
50. Visual and performing arts	90	20	65	665	160	505
Humanities	250	95	155	1,195	450	745
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	25	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	75	25	45	260	65	195
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	20	55	280	80	200
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	90	50	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	185	125	60
54. History	50	35	20	255	120	140
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	620	185	440	3,110	745	2,365
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	10	40	155	55	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	15	160	1,075	75	1,005
22. Legal professions and studies	60	10	50	450	85	370
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	45	10	35
42. Psychology	125	70	60	460	155	310
45. Social sciences	210	80	130	900	380	520
Business, management and public administration	960	365	600	5,335	1,660	3,675
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	25	65	525	95	430
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	865	340	530	4,795	1,560	3,235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	60	80	575	250	325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	30	30	255	105	150
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	10	30	125	45	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	25	15	10	110	80	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	80	15	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	85	35	765	490	280
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	80	25	615	415	205
25. Library science	0	0	0	40	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	100	65	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,415	1,315	100	7,535	7,105	430
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	10	165	110	55
14. Engineering	135	100	30	440	370	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	330	295	40	1,840	1,670	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	255	250	10	1,400	1,365	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	415	410	10	2,200	2,165	35
48. Precision production	260	250	10	1,490	1,425	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	245	200	45	1,295	970	330
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	210	180	30	1,040	790	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	15	250	180	75
Health and related fields	1,115	205	905	6,885	1,015	5,870
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	25	40	420	195	230
51. Health professions and related programs	1,030	170	855	6,430	800	5,630
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	30	25	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	440	240	200	2,770	1,360	1,405
12. Personal and culinary services	175	25	145	1,345	260	1,085
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	155	115	40	880	590	295
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	95	10	525	500	25
Other	10	0	10	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,770	3,400	3,365	45,255	21,995	23,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,475	1,325	1,155	20,805	11,090	9,720
Education	250	60	190	1,265	340	930
13. Education	255	60	190	1,270	345	925
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	25	60	650	195	460
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	15	125	80	45
50. Visual and performing arts	70	20	45	525	115	410
Humanities	185	75	110	810	300	510
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	55	20	35	175	45	130
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	10	35	185	50	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	55	20	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	10	115	75	45
54. History	40	25	15	195	95	100
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	50	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	480	140	345	2,515	510	2,005
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	35	125	35	95
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140	10	135	905	40	865
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	55	405	55	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	25	10	20
42. Psychology	80	50	25	340	105	235
45. Social sciences	160	65	95	680	270	410
Business, management and public administration	680	240	445	4,070	1,150	2,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	20	50	445	80	370
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	605	220	385	3,615	1,065	2,550
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	40	80	470	185	280
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	25	30	215	90	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	0	30	100	25	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10	80	60	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	70	15	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	65	30	610	395	220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	65	15	530	355	175
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	65	35	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,055	970	90	5,755	5,410	345
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	130	90	40
14. Engineering	105	80	25	315	260	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	270	230	40	1,505	1,355	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	175	170	0	1,045	1,015	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	320	310	10	1,605	1,575	30
48. Precision production	180	175	0	1,160	1,110	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	130	30	935	675	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	155	125	25	750	535	215
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	180	140	45
Health and related fields	840	160	685	5,245	710	4,535
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	30	30	345	155	185
51. Health professions and related programs	770	125	645	4,885	545	4,340
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	10	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	310	165	145	2,120	1,040	1,080
12. Personal and culinary services	130	20	115	1,000	195	810
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	105	75	30	695	455	245
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	65	0	405	385	20
Other	0	0	10	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,555	5,265	5,285	70,930	34,555	36,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,735	2,385	2,355	38,650	19,690	18,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,815	2,885	2,930	32,285	14,865	17,420
Location of study inside Canada	5,515	2,715	2,795	30,535	13,985	16,550
Same as province or territory of residence	5,250	2,575	2,680	29,335	13,465	15,865
Different than province or territory of residence	265	140	120	1,205	520	680
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	305	170	135	1,750	875	870
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	55	40	495	240	255
Philippines	10	0	10	55	10	45
India	10	0	0	60	30	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	85	55	35	375	240	135
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	110	55	55	745	350	395
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,765	3,400	3,365	45,255	21,990	23,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,475	1,325	1,155	20,810	11,090	9,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,290	2,075	2,215	24,445	10,905	13,550
Location of study inside Canada	4,135	2,010	2,125	23,395	10,430	12,960
Same as province or territory of residence	3,955	1,920	2,035	22,600	10,095	12,500
Different than province or territory of residence	180	85	90	800	335	465
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	155	65	90	1,055	470	585
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	30	25	340	155	185
Philippines	0	0	10	55	10	40
India	10	0	0	40	20	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	0	20	175	95	80
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	65	30	35	435	180	245
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	10,555	5,265	5,285	70,935	34,555	36,380
In the labour force	6,855	3,650	3,205	44,950	23,745	21,205
Employed	6,525	3,465	3,065	42,095	22,270	19,825
Unemployed	330	190	140	2,850	1,470	1,380
Not in the labour force	3,700	1,620	2,075	25,985	10,810	15,175
Participation rate	64.9	69.3	60.6	63.4	68.7	58.3
Employment rate	61.8	65.8	58.0	59.3	64.4	54.5
Unemployment rate	4.8	5.2	4.4	6.3	6.2	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	10,555	5,270	5,285	70,930	34,550	36,380
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,205	1,415	1,785	24,240	10,150	14,090
Worked	7,350	3,855	3,495	46,695	24,405	22,290
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,050	2,320	1,730	25,640	14,840	10,805
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,300	1,530	1,765	21,055	9,565	11,490
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.0	44.7	43.2	43.5	44.2	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	6,855	3,650	3,210	44,950	23,745	21,205
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	65	40	30	830	395	435
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	6,785	3,610	3,175	44,120	23,350	20,770
Employee	5,795	2,980	2,810	38,715	19,940	18,775
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	990	630	365	5,405	3,410	1,990
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	6,855	3,650	3,205	44,945	23,745	21,200
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	70	40	25	830	400	430
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	6,790	3,605	3,180	44,120	23,345	20,770
0 Management occupations	835	540	290	4,375	2,840	1,530
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,030	275	750	5,630	1,390	4,240
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	355	255	95	1,600	1,260	340
3 Health occupations	585	115	465	3,150	445	2,705
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	670	240	430	4,185	1,180	3,010
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	55	90	720	295	425
6 Sales and service occupations	1,235	440	795	9,375	3,370	6,010
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,305	1,240	70	8,890	8,270	620
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	245	175	75	1,810	1,175	635
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	390	275	115	4,380	3,120	1,265
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	6,855	3,650	3,205	44,945	23,745	21,205
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	70	40	30	830	395	430
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	6,790	3,610	3,175	44,120	23,350	20,770
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	270	195	70	2,775	1,770	1,010
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	70	60	10
22 Utilities	65	50	20	290	205	90
23 Construction	620	555	70	3,635	3,270	365
31-33 Manufacturing	915	685	230	7,560	5,570	1,985
41 Wholesale trade	260	180	80	1,340	940	400
44-45 Retail trade	660	265	390	4,540	1,935	2,605
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	435	345	90	2,710	2,120	590
51 Information and cultural industries	110	65	45	530	295	240
52 Finance and insurance	220	75	145	1,200	425	780
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	90	55	35	590	325	265
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	260	120	140	1,580	725	855
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	25	15	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	300	160	135	2,140	1,180	955
61 Educational services	415	120	290	2,470	660	1,810
62 Health care and social assistance	950	180	770	5,480	730	4,745
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	155	65	90	685	315	370
72 Accommodation and food services	315	85	230	2,700	785	1,915
81 Other services (except public administration)	340	160	185	2,090	1,135	960
91 Public administration	400	235	165	1,705	895	815
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	6,525	3,460	3,060	42,095	22,275	19,825
Worked at home	590	300	285	3,495	1,885	1,610
Worked outside Canada	35	30	10	140	110	35
No fixed workplace address	710	585	125	5,215	3,940	1,275
Worked at usual place	5,190	2,545	2,645	33,250	16,340	16,910
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,185	2,545	2,650	33,245	16,335	16,910
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	700	325	375	11,405	4,900	6,510
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,010	930	1,080	7,550	3,715	3,835
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,465	1,280	1,190	14,235	7,695	6,540
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	50	30	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	5,905	3,130	2,775	38,460	20,280	18,185
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,325	2,840	2,480	33,045	17,625	15,425
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	300	145	150	2,750	1,340	1,410
Public transit	15	0	10	235	60	170
Walked	200	95	105	1,765	810	950
Bicycle	20	15	10	315	245	75
Other method	50	30	20	355	195	160
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	5,905	3,130	2,775	38,460	20,275	18,185
Less than 15 minutes	1,815	860	960	14,190	6,515	7,680
15 to 29 minutes	2,155	1,135	1,015	11,365	5,940	5,430
30 to 44 minutes	1,200	665	530	8,015	4,555	3,455
45 to 59 minutes	440	245	200	2,945	1,755	1,195
60 minutes and over	290	230	60	1,940	1,515	425
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	5,900	3,130	2,770	38,460	20,275	18,185
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	470	325	145	3,335	2,325	1,010
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,300	825	475	9,070	5,895	3,175
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,665	870	790	9,695	4,740	4,950
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,065	440	625	6,190	2,185	4,000
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	510	150	360	2,940	1,000	1,935
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	900	520	380	7,240	4,125	3,115
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	7,510	3,925	3,590	48,165	25,110	23,055
Single responses	7,510	3,925	3,585	47,990	25,035	22,950
Official languages	7,500	3,920	3,585	47,575	24,805	22,770
English	7,485	3,920	3,565	47,450	24,780	22,670
French	20	10	15	125	25	100
Non-official languages	10	10	0	415	235	180
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	415	235	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	395	230	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	375	220	155
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	280	150	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	60	20
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	175	70	105
English and French	0	0	0	65	15	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	100	55	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	7,510	3,925	3,585	48,165	25,110	23,055
None	7,360	3,850	3,505	46,570	24,290	22,285
English	25	10	15	340	160	175
French	85	40	45	275	120	160
Non-official language	50	30	20	965	530	435
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	50	30	20	960	530	430
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	12,445	6,245	6,195	86,585	42,605	43,980
Non-movers	11,170	5,625	5,545	76,465	37,650	38,810
Movers	1,275	625	655	10,125	4,955	5,170
Non-migrants	470	215	255	4,835	2,275	2,560
Migrants	810	405	405	5,290	2,680	2,605
Internal migrants	760	380	380	4,950	2,485	2,465
Intraprovincial migrants	705	350	360	4,590	2,300	2,290
Interprovincial migrants	55	35	20	355	185	170
External migrants	50	25	20	340	195	145
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	12,005	6,030	5,975	82,505	40,520	41,985
Non-movers	8,330	4,195	4,135	53,290	26,460	26,825
Movers	3,675	1,830	1,845	29,215	14,055	15,160
Non-migrants	1,590	795	790	14,350	6,775	7,575
Migrants	2,085	1,040	1,050	14,865	7,285	7,580
Internal migrants	2,015	995	1,015	14,030	6,905	7,125
Intraprovincial migrants	1,915	940	975	13,220	6,485	6,735
Interprovincial migrants	100	55	40	815	420	395
External migrants	75	40	35	835	380	455

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Central Elgin, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, CTY [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Central Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Central Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Central Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Elgin, County [Census division], Ontario