Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Samson 137, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	St. Thomas, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Samson 137, IRI Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Samson 137, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	38,909	...	...	3,373	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	37,905	...	...	3,746	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.6	...	...	-10.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	17,114	...	...	878	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	16,586	...	...	785	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,092.1	...	...	26.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	35.63	...	...	128.14	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	38,910	18,685	20,220	3,375	1,750	1,620
0 to 14 years	6,820	3,545	3,275	1,190	645	545
0 to 4 years	2,075	1,105	965	385	205	175
5 to 9 years	2,460	1,260	1,195	420	220	195
10 to 14 years	2,285	1,175	1,110	390	215	180
15 to 64 years	24,610	11,885	12,725	2,040	1,055	990
15 to 19 years	2,215	1,155	1,055	335	175	160
20 to 24 years	2,015	1,030	990	240	120	115
25 to 29 years	2,090	985	1,100	265	135	130
30 to 34 years	2,285	1,080	1,205	240	110	130
35 to 39 years	2,435	1,155	1,285	185	100	85
40 to 44 years	2,620	1,270	1,350	175	100	80
45 to 49 years	2,595	1,255	1,335	205	110	95
50 to 54 years	2,900	1,385	1,515	185	100	85
55 to 59 years	2,900	1,370	1,535	135	60	80
60 to 64 years	2,545	1,195	1,350	80	40	40
65 years and over	7,480	3,260	4,215	140	55	80
65 to 69 years	2,485	1,120	1,360	80	40	40
70 to 74 years	1,850	875	975	30	10	20
75 to 79 years	1,330	600	735	20	5	10
80 to 84 years	890	375	515	5	5	5
85 years and over	925	290	630	10	0	5
85 to 89 years	565	195	375	5	0	10
90 to 94 years	285	85	200	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	60	15	50	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	5	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	19.0	16.2	35.3	36.9	33.6
15 to 64 years	63.2	63.6	62.9	60.4	60.3	61.1
65 years and over	19.2	17.4	20.8	4.1	3.1	4.9
85 years and over	2.4	1.6	3.1	0.3	0.0	0.3
Average age of the population	42.0	40.5	43.3	27.2	26.4	28.0
Median age of the population	42.9	41.5	44.4	23.2	22.2	24.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
Single-detached house	10,900	...	...	725	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	770	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,910	...	...	30	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,110	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	580	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	555	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,640	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
1 person	5,020	...	...	100	...	...
2 persons	6,055	...	...	130	...	...
3 persons	2,495	...	...	120	...	...
4 persons	1,985	...	...	110	...	...
5 or more persons	1,025	...	...	325	...	...
Number of persons in private households	38,130	...	...	3,365	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	32,090	15,145	16,940	2,180	1,105	1,070
Married or living common law	18,325	9,125	9,205	860	425	440
Married	14,925	7,445	7,490	305	145	160
Living common law	3,400	1,685	1,720	555	275	280
Not married and not living common law	13,760	6,020	7,740	1,315	685	630
Never married	7,630	4,030	3,600	1,140	610	525
Separated	1,305	540	770	50	25	25
Divorced	2,565	980	1,585	55	30	25
Widowed	2,260	470	1,785	70	15	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	11,250	...	...	805	...	...
2 persons	6,110	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	2,435	...	...	185	...	...
4 persons	1,875	...	...	130	...	...
5 or more persons	820	...	...	205	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	11,245	...	...	800	...	...
Total couple families	9,060	...	...	420	...	...
Married couples	7,360	...	...	140	...	...
Common-law couples	1,700	...	...	280	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,185	...	...	390	...	...
Female parent	1,790	...	...	265	...	...
Male parent	395	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	9,060	...	...	415	...	...
Couples without children	4,795	...	...	110	...	...
Couples with children	4,260	...	...	305	...	...
1 child	1,775	...	...	100	...	...
2 children	1,710	...	...	75	...	...
3 or more children	775	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,185	...	...	390	...	...
1 child	1,310	...	...	175	...	...
2 children	665	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	210	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,685	2,965	3,725	485	300	185
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
One-census-family households	10,880	...	...	540	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,665	...	...	75	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,210	...	...	465	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	185	...	...	120	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,520	...	...	125	...	...
One-person households	5,025	...	...	95	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	500	...	...	30	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	38,260	18,395	19,860	3,365	1,745	1,620
English only	36,295	17,565	18,735	3,355	1,740	1,615
French only	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and French	1,860	795	1,065	10	10	5
Neither English nor French	100	40	60	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	38,260	18,395	19,860	3,365	1,745	1,620
English	37,780	18,185	19,600	3,360	1,740	1,620
French	360	175	190	5	5	0
English and French	20	5	15	0	5	0
Neither English nor French	95	35	60	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	370	175	195	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	38,260	18,395	19,860	3,365	1,745	1,620
Single responses	37,985	18,285	19,705	3,265	1,695	1,575
Official languages	35,530	17,150	18,380	2,560	1,345	1,215
English	35,120	16,960	18,165	2,555	1,340	1,215
French	410	195	220	5	0	0
Non-official languages	2,455	1,130	1,325	710	355	355
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	695	340	355
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	685	335	350
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	680	330	350
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	30	15	15
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	655	320	335
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,450	1,125	1,325	15	15	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	55	60	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	115	50	60	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	30	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	215	105	115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	140	65	80	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	40	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,830	845	985	10	0	5
Albanian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	485	230	255	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	475	220	255	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	150	70	70	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	200	95	105	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	790	345	445	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	325	140	185	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	5	0	0	0
German	425	180	245	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	55	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	345	170	175	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	40	25	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	145	65	80	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	30	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	10	10	0
Multiple responses	275	115	160	100	55	45
English and French	70	30	45	5	0	0
English and non-official language	195	80	110	95	50	45
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	38,260	18,395	19,865	3,365	1,745	1,620
Single responses	37,830	18,210	19,625	3,315	1,725	1,595
Official languages	37,200	17,910	19,290	3,055	1,610	1,450
English	37,140	17,890	19,255	3,060	1,605	1,450
French	55	20	35	0	0	0
Non-official languages	635	295	335	255	115	145
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	255	110	140
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	255	115	145
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	255	115	140
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	245	105	140
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	635	295	335	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	65	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	355	155	200	0	0	0
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	70	80	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	65	80	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	30	40	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	5	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	95	40	55	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	430	190	240	55	25	30
English and French	35	10	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	395	180	210	50	20	30
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	38,260	18,400	19,865	3,370	1,745	1,620
None	36,750	17,735	19,010	2,755	1,430	1,325
English	305	145	155	60	30	30
French	345	140	200	0	0	0
Non-official language	850	365	485	555	290	265
Aboriginal	5	0	5	550	285	265
Non-Aboriginal	845	365	485	5	5	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	31,330	14,825	16,505	2,180	1,105	1,075
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	30,075	14,195	15,875	1,880	920	955
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,402	39,262	27,424	14,645	9,835	18,539
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	30,080	14,195	15,890	1,880	925	955
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,637	35,177	25,621	14,645	9,835	18,496
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,210	12,710	13,495	1,065	550	515
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,903	37,429	23,540	18,368	16,973	20,032
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,795	9,815	12,985	1,640	770	875
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,102	7,453	8,441	3,240	373	7,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,290	10,835	10,450	995	525	465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,938	37,478	27,305	19,216	17,472	21,216
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	31,330	14,820	16,515	2,180	1,105	1,075
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,965	14,125	15,845	1,880	920	955
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,955	44,770	33,771	19,837	17,183	22,405
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,980	14,125	15,850	1,880	925	955
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,736	38,248	29,717	19,526	16,695	22,265
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,075	12,625	13,450	1,060	550	510
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,938	43,490	30,790	23,530	23,157	23,929
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,695	9,615	13,075	1,640	765	875
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,998	8,672	9,238	7,463	4,101	10,409
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,285	10,785	10,505	990	530	465
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,254	41,946	32,438	23,494	23,351	23,654
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	31,330	14,820	16,515	2,180	1,110	1,075
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	10,805	5,955	4,850	410	190	225
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,153	53,526	42,520	33,963	34,432	33,472
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,539	58,118	47,914	35,486	35,855	35,175
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.5	86.9	77.0	66.9	80.1	57.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.6	71.5	62.9	62.7	77.1	51.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.6	13.0	23.0	32.9	19.8	42.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	31,330	14,825	16,505	2,180	1,105	1,075
Without total income	1,255	630	625	300	185	120
With total income	30,075	14,195	15,880	1,880	925	955
Percentage with total income	96.0	95.8	96.2	86.2	83.7	88.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,725	1,515	2,205	790	465	325
$10,000 to $19,999	5,450	1,980	3,470	375	165	210
$20,000 to $29,999	4,875	1,950	2,925	255	110	145
$30,000 to $39,999	4,065	1,805	2,260	165	70	90
$40,000 to $49,999	3,645	1,840	1,800	110	35	75
$50,000 to $59,999	2,550	1,400	1,150	70	35	40
$60,000 to $69,999	1,820	1,090	725	40	15	25
$70,000 to $79,999	1,195	790	410	30	15	20
$80,000 to $89,999	810	525	290	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	760	440	320	10	5	10
$100,000 and over	1,195	880	315	15	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	965	715	245	10	5	5
$150,000 and over	230	165	65	0	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	31,330	14,830	16,500	2,180	1,105	1,075
Without after-tax income	1,250	630	615	300	185	120
With after-tax income	30,085	14,195	15,890	1,880	925	955
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	95.7	96.3	86.2	83.7	88.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,845	1,535	2,310	790	460	325
$10,000 to $19,999	5,740	2,110	3,625	385	170	215
$20,000 to $29,999	5,650	2,295	3,350	255	110	145
$30,000 to $39,999	4,960	2,350	2,610	165	70	90
$40,000 to $49,999	3,735	2,005	1,740	110	40	80
$50,000 to $59,999	2,450	1,470	985	75	40	40
$60,000 to $69,999	1,420	925	495	35	10	25
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	620	435	25	10	15
$80,000 and over	1,220	885	340	35	15	20
$80,000 to $89,999	560	400	160	20	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	270	195	75	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	395	290	105	5	5	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	31,330	14,825	16,505	2,180	1,110	1,070
Without employment income	10,040	3,985	6,055	1,185	580	605
With employment income	21,290	10,840	10,450	990	525	465
Percentage with employment income	68.0	73.1	63.3	45.4	47.3	43.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,430	1,780	1,650	240	135	105
$5,000 to $9,999	1,675	675	1,005	105	60	40
$10,000 to $19,999	2,635	1,080	1,560	170	90	80
$20,000 to $29,999	2,430	1,070	1,360	160	70	90
$30,000 to $39,999	2,550	1,120	1,425	125	60	65
$40,000 to $49,999	2,355	1,155	1,200	70	40	35
$50,000 to $59,999	1,745	1,000	745	50	30	20
$60,000 to $69,999	1,355	845	505	20	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	920	620	300	25	10	15
$80,000 and over	2,195	1,495	705	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	650	415	235	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	665	385	280	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	885	695	190	5	10	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,755	...	...	37,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,638	...	...	37,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,025	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,453	...	...	13,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,968	...	...	13,680	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	11,565	...	...	685	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,423	...	...	43,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,146	...	...	42,496	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	16,590	...	...	785	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,379	...	...	47,483	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,975	...	...	46,737	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,020	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,384	...	...	16,485	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,865	...	...	16,060	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	11,565	...	...	690	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,136	...	...	51,854	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,612	...	...	51,063	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	95	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	260	...	...	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	620	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	775	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	935	...	...	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	745	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	845	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	845	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	860	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	790	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,515	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,390	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,195	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,035	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	905	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,730	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,630	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	930	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	815	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	355	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,590	...	...	785	...	...
Under $5,000	160	...	...	95	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	265	...	...	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	625	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	825	...	...	55	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,035	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	840	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	965	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	995	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	995	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	950	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,735	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,535	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,315	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,075	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	860	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,420	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,305	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	610	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	510	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	11,180	...	...	690	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,654	...	...	41,045	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,332	...	...	40,384	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,575	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,409	...	...	32,320	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,919	...	...	32,320	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,310	...	...	310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,691	...	...	55,509	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,223	...	...	55,232	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,080	...	...	270	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,525	...	...	30,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,842	...	...	30,784	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	11,155	...	...	690	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,378	...	...	50,064	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,763	...	...	49,280	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,545	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,628	...	...	43,574	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,795	...	...	41,571	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,325	...	...	310	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,368	...	...	61,004	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,648	...	...	60,008	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,065	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,701	...	...	41,617	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,783	...	...	41,291	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,075	2,735	3,340	185	125	65
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,871	31,259	27,200	7,104	4,720	18,752
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,888	28,427	25,682	7,104	4,720	18,752
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	6,090	2,770	3,325	190	125	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,293	37,188	33,714	13,989	11,781	18,167
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,956	32,170	29,944	13,761	11,432	18,167
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	38,130	18,360	19,775	3,370	1,750	1,620
In the bottom half of the distribution	22,125	10,290	11,840	2,920	1,520	1,400
In the bottom decile	4,030	1,865	2,170	1,520	800	725
In the second decile	4,270	1,815	2,455	460	235	230
In the third decile	4,735	2,205	2,535	430	230	205
In the fourth decile	4,625	2,220	2,400	325	170	150
In the fifth decile	4,465	2,180	2,280	185	90	95
In the top half of the distribution	16,005	8,075	7,930	445	230	220
In the sixth decile	4,275	2,140	2,130	155	75	80
In the seventh decile	3,930	1,960	1,970	155	80	75
In the eighth decile	3,505	1,800	1,705	75	40	35
In the ninth decile	2,740	1,380	1,355	60	30	30
In the top decile	1,555	785	770	5	5	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	38,130	18,360	19,770	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	8,175	4,245	3,935	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	2,545	1,355	1,195	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	22,965	11,015	11,950	0	0	0
65 years and over	6,995	3,105	3,890	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,075	2,680	3,390	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,670	865	810	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	565	295	270	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,560	1,555	2,000	0	0	0
65 years and over	850	265	580	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.9	14.6	17.1	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	20.4	20.4	20.6	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	22.2	21.8	22.6	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.1	16.7	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	12.2	8.5	14.9	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,100	1,475	1,625	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	775	420	355	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	260	145	120	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,225	1,010	1,215	0	0	0
65 years and over	110	50	60	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.1	8.0	8.2	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	9.9	9.0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	10.2	10.7	10.0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	9.7	9.2	10.2	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.6	1.5	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	38,130	18,360	19,770	3,370	1,750	1,620
Official languages	38,060	18,325	19,735	3,365	1,750	1,620
English	38,045	18,325	19,720	3,370	1,750	1,620
French	1,870	825	1,040	15	10	0
Non-official languages	3,100	1,410	1,690	1,125	575	545
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	1,105	565	545
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,100	560	535
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	1,095	560	535
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	35	20	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	1,060	535	525
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,095	1,410	1,685	30	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	40	70	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	35	70	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	15	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	320	165	155	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	135	65	70	0	0	0
Vietnamese	185	100	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	20	50	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,370	1,065	1,300	15	10	10
Albanian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	485	255	225	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	480	255	225	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	175	90	80	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	175	90	80	0	0	0
Russian	25	0	20	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	865	360	510	0	10	0
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	305	115	190	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	520	230	290	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	110	160	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	240	100	135	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	95	40	55	0	0	0
Hindi	105	45	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	720	335	390	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	210	105	100	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	65	45	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	415	155	255	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	10	35	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	0	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	45	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	35	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	38,130	18,360	19,770	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	37,450	18,045	19,405	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,145	4,235	3,905	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	29,305	13,815	15,495	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	680	310	365	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	38,135	18,360	19,770	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	34,495	16,635	17,860	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,550	1,690	1,860	0	0	0
Before 1981	2,025	945	1,080	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	600	310	295	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	355	165	185	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	385	195	195	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	240	105	140	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	145	90	55	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	180	75	110	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	40	50	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,545	1,690	1,855	0	0	0
Under 5 years	530	275	260	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	905	460	445	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	945	365	585	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	980	495	475	0	0	0
45 years and over	185	95	95	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,545	1,685	1,860	0	0	0
Americas	695	310	390	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	55	20	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	15	25	0	0	0
Mexico	195	90	105	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	270	115	155	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	90	50	45	0	0	0
Europe	2,120	1,035	1,085	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	60	35	25	0	0	0
Croatia	85	40	45	0	0	0
France	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	165	70	90	0	0	0
Greece	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungary	25	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italy	135	70	60	0	0	0
Netherlands	340	165	175	0	0	0
Poland	130	50	75	0	0	0
Portugal	50	35	15	0	0	0
Romania	40	15	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	10	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	780	375	405	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	200	105	90	0	0	0
Africa	75	40	40	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	25	0	0	0	0
Asia	635	300	335	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	120	55	60	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	20	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	25	15	0	0	0
Philippines	75	25	50	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	120	70	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	160	80	80	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	180	70	105	0	0	0
Americas	60	20	40	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	20	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	75	25	45	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	38,130	18,360	19,770	3,365	1,750	1,620
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,770	1,810	1,955	15	0	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,510	3,040	3,475	45	25	20
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	27,845	13,510	14,340	3,305	1,710	1,590
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,565	760	805	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	445	205	240	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	155	95	65	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	290	115	170	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	650	300	345	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	435	240	200	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	38,135	18,360	19,770	3,365	1,745	1,620
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,050	500	550	3,325	1,720	1,610
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,035	495	535	3,320	1,720	1,595
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	795	400	395	3,305	1,710	1,595
Métis	225	85	140	15	10	10
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	37,085	17,860	19,225	40	25	15
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	38,130	18,360	19,770	3,370	1,750	1,620
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	410	175	230	3,275	1,685	1,585
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	37,725	18,185	19,540	95	55	35
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	38,135	18,360	19,775	3,365	1,745	1,620
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	150	80	70	3,160	1,640	1,520
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	150	80	70	3,150	1,635	1,515
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	130	75	55	3,140	1,630	1,510
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,590	740	850	165	85	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,560	720	835	165	80	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,275	600	675	165	80	80
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	275	120	155	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	36,395	17,540	18,850	45	25	20
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	38,135	18,360	19,770	3,365	1,745	1,620
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,645	785	860	10	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	270	120	155	0	0	0
Chinese	80	30	50	0	0	0
Black	295	175	115	0	0	0
Filipino	130	45	80	0	0	0
Latin American	190	95	90	0	0	0
Arab	60	20	40	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	395	200	195	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	105	40	65	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	36,485	17,580	18,910	3,365	1,745	1,620
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	38,130	18,360	19,775	3,365	1,750	1,620
North American Aboriginal origins	1,740	820	915	3,325	1,725	1,605
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,440	695	745	3,320	1,715	1,595
Inuit	20	15	10	0	0	0
Métis	315	130	180	25	10	10
Other North American origins	13,920	6,745	7,175	10	10	10
Acadian	30	20	10	0	0	0
American	485	250	240	0	0	0
Canadian	13,610	6,585	7,025	10	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	10	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	29,970	14,340	15,635	180	95	80
British Isles origins	22,270	10,545	11,725	85	45	35
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	14,780	6,930	7,850	30	15	15
Irish	8,025	3,680	4,350	30	15	10
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	9,410	4,450	4,965	40	25	15
Welsh	905	425	480	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,335	650	685	10	10	0
French origins	4,510	2,115	2,400	50	25	25
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,510	2,115	2,400	50	25	25
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,390	4,505	4,885	35	15	20
Austrian	235	85	155	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	460	235	220	0	0	0
Dutch	3,780	1,815	1,970	10	0	0
Flemish	35	10	30	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,625	2,710	2,915	35	15	20
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	155	75	80	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	725	300	425	15	10	10
Danish	210	105	100	0	10	10
Finnish	65	30	40	0	0	0
Icelandic	35	10	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	190	85	110	10	10	0
Swedish	225	90	135	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,305	1,560	1,750	15	0	10
Bulgarian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	110	45	60	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	100	35	60	0	0	0
Estonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	660	320	330	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	125	75	50	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,155	560	600	0	10	10
Romanian	205	80	130	0	0	0
Russian	380	165	210	10	0	0
Slovak	75	40	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	765	385	385	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,875	1,385	1,490	15	0	0
Albanian	50	15	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	375	205	175	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	185	85	100	0	0	0
Italian	1,205	570	635	10	0	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	290	150	140	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	435	225	210	0	0	0
Serbian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Spanish	275	100	170	10	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	115	70	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	140	60	80	10	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	30	40	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	65	35	35	10	10	10
Caribbean origins	255	140	120	15	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	135	75	55	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	10	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	540	210	335	10	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	110	35	80	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	35	30	15	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	285	95	190	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	45	10	45	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	290	135	150	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	10	15	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	20	30	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80	40	40	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	65	35	35	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	145	65	80	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	55	70	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,245	555	685	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	265	115	145	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	115	60	60	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	15	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	285	130	150	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	250	115	135	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	705	315	390	0	0	10
Burmese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	160	70	90	0	0	0
Chinese	115	45	70	0	0	0
Filipino	145	50	95	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	20	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	220	110	105	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	20	35	0	0	0
Australian	45	20	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
Owner	11,190	...	...	25	...	...
Renter	5,400	...	...	0	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	760	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
Condominium	425	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	16,165	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,895	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,240	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,135	...	...	365	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,280	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,130	...	...	65	...	...
5 rooms	2,425	...	...	210	...	...
6 rooms	2,650	...	...	165	...	...
7 rooms	2,745	...	...	115	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,630	...	...	230	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
One person or fewer per room	16,520	...	...	655	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
Suitable	16,185	...	...	555	...	...
Not suitable	400	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
1960 or before	6,015	...	...	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,310	...	...	230	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,280	...	...	270	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,620	...	...	155	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,155	...	...	55	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,370	...	...	35	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	845	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	15,360	...	...	235	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,230	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	16,590	...	...	785	...	...
1 household maintainer	10,065	...	...	660	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,300	...	...	105	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	220	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	16,585	...	...	785	...	...
15 to 24 years	430	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,150	...	...	160	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,835	...	...	160	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,185	...	...	215	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,310	...	...	130	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,735	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,445	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	500	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	16,575	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,685	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,890	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,570	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,180	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,054	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,084	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,203	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	220,809	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,395	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	764	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	797	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	31,330	14,820	16,515	2,180	1,105	1,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,665	3,430	3,240	1,125	590	530
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,840	4,910	4,925	335	155	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,820	6,475	8,345	725	355	370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,380	1,655	730	230	165	70
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,250	730	515	150	90	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,130	920	210	85	70	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,860	3,450	5,410	340	145	195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	355	145	210	65	20	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,230	1,230	2,000	90	25	65
Bachelor's degree	2,450	925	1,525	75	20	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	115	190	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15	0	0	0
Master's degree	410	155	255	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	20,170	9,490	10,680	1,470	755	715
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,525	1,360	1,160	640	345	300
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,310	3,345	2,965	215	100	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,340	4,780	6,555	620	315	305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,555	1,075	480	205	145	60
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	815	485	335	130	80	50
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	735	590	145	75	65	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,000	2,700	4,300	290	125	160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	265	115	145	50	20	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,520	895	1,630	70	15	50
Bachelor's degree	1,925	680	1,245	55	15	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	235	75	160	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0	0	0
Master's degree	320	115	210	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	31,330	14,820	16,510	2,180	1,105	1,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,505	8,340	8,165	1,455	750	705
Education	855	265	590	75	15	60
13. Education	855	260	590	75	15	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	495	200	300	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	95	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	385	110	275	10	0	0
Humanities	535	215	325	25	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	15	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	100	30	75	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	115	30	85	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	35	20	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	60	30	0	10	0
54. History	135	60	75	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,490	360	1,125	60	10	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	20	45	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	470	35	435	40	10	35
22. Legal professions and studies	280	50	230	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	210	45	160	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	430	205	225	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	2,620	775	1,845	170	50	120
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	275	50	225	65	15	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,340	715	1,625	105	35	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	250	120	130	10	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	55	60	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	15	30	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	45	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	390	260	135	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	320	220	95	15	10	0
25. Library science	20	0	20	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	35	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,175	2,955	225	160	140	25
04. Architecture and related services	80	45	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	155	130	30	10	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	865	775	90	25	15	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	540	535	0	95	90	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	865	835	25	25	20	10
48. Precision production	665	625	40	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	255	170	80	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	110	65	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	60	20	0	0	10
Health and related fields	3,410	525	2,885	40	15	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	205	80	120	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,190	430	2,760	35	10	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	15	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,340	635	705	150	90	55
12. Personal and culinary services	675	150	530	35	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	440	285	155	90	60	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	200	15	25	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	20,165	9,490	10,685	1,470	760	715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,830	4,705	4,130	855	445	410
Education	570	175	395	55	10	45
13. Education	570	175	395	60	10	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	375	125	250	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	50	25	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	305	75	225	0	0	0
Humanities	365	130	230	20	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	70	20	55	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	20	55	15	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	35	20	10	10	0
54. History	105	50	55	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,235	245	995	50	10	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	15	40	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	410	25	385	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	255	35	220	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	145	25	120	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	340	150	195	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,030	555	1,480	145	45	100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	235	40	195	50	15	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,790	505	1,285	95	30	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	205	100	110	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	50	50	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	30	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	35	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	315	220	90	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	275	190	75	15	10	10
25. Library science	10	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,445	2,275	170	140	120	15
04. Architecture and related services	70	45	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	125	110	15	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	715	640	80	25	15	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	395	395	0	90	85	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	615	595	20	20	20	0
48. Precision production	525	500	25	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	110	55	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	60	40	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	50	15	0	10	0
Health and related fields	2,580	360	2,215	35	10	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	165	60	100	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,415	295	2,120	25	10	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,060	490	570	140	85	55
12. Personal and culinary services	515	105	410	30	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	375	235	140	80	55	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	170	150	15	25	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	31,330	14,815	16,510	2,180	1,105	1,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,505	8,345	8,170	1,460	750	705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,825	6,475	8,345	725	355	370
Location of study inside Canada	13,985	6,060	7,920	715	350	365
Same as province or territory of residence	13,415	5,825	7,595	690	340	355
Different than province or territory of residence	565	245	325	20	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	840	415	425	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	230	115	115	10	0	10
Philippines	40	10	35	0	0	0
India	35	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	185	120	60	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	345	155	190	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	20,165	9,485	10,680	1,470	760	715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,830	4,700	4,130	855	445	405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,335	4,780	6,555	615	315	305
Location of study inside Canada	10,795	4,555	6,240	605	305	305
Same as province or territory of residence	10,440	4,400	6,040	590	295	295
Different than province or territory of residence	360	155	205	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	540	225	315	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	175	80	100	15	0	10
Philippines	35	10	30	0	0	0
India	15	10	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	60	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	205	70	130	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	31,330	14,820	16,510	2,180	1,110	1,075
In the labour force	19,300	9,730	9,575	930	495	435
Employed	18,055	9,090	8,965	715	375	340
Unemployed	1,240	635	605	215	125	95
Not in the labour force	12,030	5,090	6,940	1,250	610	640
Participation rate	61.6	65.7	58.0	42.7	44.6	40.5
Employment rate	57.6	61.3	54.3	32.8	33.8	31.6
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.5	6.3	23.1	25.3	21.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	31,330	14,815	16,510	2,180	1,105	1,075
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	11,745	5,030	6,720	1,275	620	655
Worked	19,585	9,790	9,795	905	485	420
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,015	6,085	4,930	475	235	245
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,570	3,700	4,865	425	250	175
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	44.1	43.4	39.5	37.9	41.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	19,300	9,725	9,570	930	500	435
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	210	225	110	55	55
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	18,865	9,515	9,350	820	445	380
Employee	17,500	8,735	8,760	785	415	370
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,365	780	585	40	30	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	19,300	9,730	9,575	930	495	435
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	440	215	225	105	50	55
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	18,860	9,515	9,350	820	445	375
0 Management occupations	1,450	880	565	65	40	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,530	655	1,875	135	25	115
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	710	605	105	10	10	10
3 Health occupations	1,460	210	1,250	15	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,040	570	1,470	195	75	120
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	345	120	230	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	4,750	1,715	3,030	210	120	95
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,215	3,005	210	135	125	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	270	220	50	25	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,095	1,540	555	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	19,300	9,730	9,575	930	500	430
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	215	225	110	55	55
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	18,860	9,515	9,345	820	445	380
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	210	145	60	20	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	20	0	25	20	0
22 Utilities	125	90	35	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,150	1,015	140	85	80	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,390	2,590	805	15	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	515	365	150	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,285	990	1,290	55	25	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,025	815	210	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	235	130	100	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	590	220	370	0	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	325	155	170	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	755	350	405	20	10	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,065	610	455	60	40	20
61 Educational services	1,190	340	855	95	25	65
62 Health care and social assistance	2,705	375	2,325	140	45	95
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	300	135	170	35	20	15
72 Accommodation and food services	1,415	425	985	40	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	835	395	440	25	20	0
91 Public administration	720	350	370	155	75	80
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	18,060	9,090	8,965	715	375	340
Worked at home	780	400	380	15	10	10
Worked outside Canada	45	30	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,910	1,300	605	110	80	35
Worked at usual place	15,325	7,360	7,965	590	285	300
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	15,325	7,360	7,965	590	285	300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,990	3,285	4,705	205	115	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,440	755	685	105	55	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,885	3,315	2,570	270	115	155
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	17,235	8,660	8,570	695	365	335
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,330	7,325	7,000	520	245	275
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,390	640	750	140	90	50
Public transit	170	25	140	15	10	0
Walked	965	410	550	15	10	10
Bicycle	250	190	60	0	0	0
Other method	135	70	70	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	17,230	8,660	8,570	695	365	335
Less than 15 minutes	7,840	3,360	4,485	400	205	195
15 to 29 minutes	4,405	2,330	2,075	190	100	90
30 to 44 minutes	3,415	1,905	1,505	45	20	25
45 to 59 minutes	975	600	375	20	15	10
60 minutes and over	600	470	125	45	35	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	17,235	8,665	8,570	700	365	335
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,165	785	370	25	20	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,860	2,505	1,360	60	40	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,115	1,815	2,300	315	160	160
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,905	950	1,955	210	90	120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,535	535	1,000	45	25	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,660	2,075	1,585	55	35	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	20,305	10,130	10,175	970	515	455
Single responses	20,195	10,100	10,090	960	515	450
Official languages	20,175	10,095	10,075	950	505	440
English	20,115	10,080	10,035	950	505	440
French	55	15	45	0	0	0
Non-official languages	20	10	20	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	20	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	110	25	80	10	10	0
English and French	50	10	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	25	35	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	20,305	10,130	10,175	975	520	455
None	20,010	10,010	9,995	800	440	360
English	55	10	45	10	10	10
French	135	60	70	0	0	0
Non-official language	110	45	65	165	75	90
Aboriginal	10	0	0	165	70	90
Non-Aboriginal	105	45	60	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	37,690	18,115	19,580	3,290	1,710	1,575
Non-movers	32,920	15,825	17,090	2,900	1,515	1,385
Movers	4,770	2,285	2,485	390	200	190
Non-migrants	2,850	1,335	1,510	265	130	135
Migrants	1,925	950	975	125	70	55
Internal migrants	1,840	895	935	125	70	55
Intraprovincial migrants	1,720	860	860	120	65	50
Interprovincial migrants	120	35	80	10	10	0
External migrants	85	50	35	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	36,070	17,235	18,835	2,990	1,540	1,445
Non-movers	21,525	10,465	11,060	2,325	1,215	1,115
Movers	14,545	6,765	7,775	665	335	335
Non-migrants	8,585	3,900	4,685	445	220	220
Migrants	5,960	2,865	3,090	220	110	110
Internal migrants	5,770	2,780	2,985	205	100	110
Intraprovincial migrants	5,465	2,640	2,825	185	90	95
Interprovincial migrants	300	140	160	25	10	15
External migrants	195	85	105	15	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. St. Thomas, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Samson 137, IRI [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Samson 137, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Samson 137, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Thomas, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Samson 137, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Alberta