Census Profile, 2016 Census
Southwold, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Southwold, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]			Boisbriand, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Southwold, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Southwold, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	4,421	...	...	26,884	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,494	...	...	26,816	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.6	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,655	...	...	10,537	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,607	...	...	10,288	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	14.7	...	...	966.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	301.74	...	...	27.82	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	4,420	2,230	2,190	26,885	13,395	13,490
0 to 14 years	770	385	385	5,185	2,630	2,555
0 to 4 years	215	105	110	1,735	855	875
5 to 9 years	245	125	120	1,770	900	870
10 to 14 years	310	155	155	1,680	875	800
15 to 64 years	2,835	1,425	1,405	18,705	9,375	9,330
15 to 19 years	260	125	135	1,985	1,065	925
20 to 24 years	250	145	105	2,265	1,170	1,095
25 to 29 years	160	75	80	1,635	870	765
30 to 34 years	240	115	125	1,495	760	735
35 to 39 years	255	130	120	1,585	785	795
40 to 44 years	290	145	150	1,610	770	835
45 to 49 years	325	165	155	1,925	925	995
50 to 54 years	385	190	195	2,505	1,200	1,300
55 to 59 years	365	185	175	2,210	1,105	1,105
60 to 64 years	300	140	160	1,495	725	765
65 years and over	820	420	400	2,990	1,385	1,605
65 to 69 years	280	145	130	1,130	535	590
70 to 74 years	220	125	95	855	390	465
75 to 79 years	145	75	70	545	260	290
80 to 84 years	80	35	45	285	130	150
85 years and over	105	45	60	185	75	110
85 to 89 years	60	30	30	130	60	70
90 to 94 years	40	15	25	45	10	30
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	10	0	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.4	17.3	17.6	19.3	19.6	18.9
15 to 64 years	64.1	63.9	64.2	69.6	70.0	69.2
65 years and over	18.6	18.8	18.3	11.1	10.3	11.9
85 years and over	2.4	2.0	2.7	0.7	0.6	0.8
Average age of the population	42.4	42.2	42.5	37.5	36.8	38.2
Median age of the population	44.7	44.6	44.8	37.7	36.2	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,610	...	...	10,290	...	...
Single-detached house	1,585	...	...	5,235	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	20	...	...	5,050	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	615	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	725	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	3,575	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,610	...	...	10,285	...	...
1 person	260	...	...	2,485	...	...
2 persons	640	...	...	3,445	...	...
3 persons	255	...	...	1,805	...	...
4 persons	290	...	...	1,645	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...	900	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,325	...	...	26,830	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,650	1,845	1,810	21,700	10,760	10,940
Married or living common law	2,460	1,225	1,235	12,380	6,170	6,210
Married	2,160	1,080	1,085	7,230	3,615	3,615
Living common law	295	150	150	5,155	2,560	2,595
Not married and not living common law	1,190	615	575	9,320	4,590	4,730
Never married	765	435	330	6,860	3,740	3,120
Separated	90	45	45	315	150	165
Divorced	150	80	75	1,425	520	905
Widowed	190	55	130	720	180	540
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,340	...	...	7,605	...	...
2 persons	665	...	...	3,450	...	...
3 persons	260	...	...	1,780	...	...
4 persons	290	...	...	1,605	...	...
5 or more persons	125	...	...	770	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,340	...	...	7,600	...	...
Total couple families	1,210	...	...	6,150	...	...
Married couples	1,060	...	...	3,575	...	...
Common-law couples	150	...	...	2,575	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	130	...	...	1,450	...	...
Female parent	85	...	...	1,055	...	...
Male parent	50	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,210	...	...	6,150	...	...
Couples without children	580	...	...	2,565	...	...
Couples with children	630	...	...	3,585	...	...
1 child	225	...	...	1,315	...	...
2 children	270	...	...	1,520	...	...
3 or more children	125	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,455	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	885	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	460	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	390	210	180	3,505	1,760	1,750
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,605	...	...	10,290	...	...
One-census-family households	1,285	...	...	7,415	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	555	...	...	2,495	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	730	...	...	4,915	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	25	...	...	90	...	...
Non-census-family households	295	...	...	2,780	...	...
One-person households	260	...	...	2,480	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30	...	...	295	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,335	2,200	2,135	26,855	13,380	13,475
English only	4,145	2,125	2,020	1,815	990	830
French only	0	0	0	10,860	4,890	5,965
English and French	190	75	115	13,585	7,180	6,405
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	600	320	280
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,330	2,200	2,135	26,855	13,380	13,475
English	4,295	2,180	2,115	2,880	1,550	1,330
French	35	15	20	22,765	11,245	11,525
English and French	10	0	5	620	275	345
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	595	315	280
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	40	20	20	3,190	1,685	1,500
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.9	11.9	12.6	11.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,330	2,200	2,135	26,860	13,380	13,480
Single responses	4,315	2,185	2,125	26,265	13,105	13,165
Official languages	4,090	2,075	2,015	22,320	11,100	11,220
English	4,045	2,055	1,990	1,035	560	480
French	40	20	25	21,285	10,545	10,740
Non-official languages	225	110	110	3,945	2,000	1,945
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	225	115	110	3,945	2,000	1,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	365	190	175
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	335	175	160
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	280	145	130
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	55	25	30
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	100	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	5	90	45	45
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	30	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	105	105	3,095	1,595	1,500
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	90	45	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	90	40	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	25	15	10
Russian	5	0	5	30	5	20
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	75	65	2,005	1,035	970
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	85	40	40	10	5	5
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	45	20	25	15	10	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,975	1,025	950
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Greek	5	0	0	95	60	40
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	800	400	400
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	180	105	75
Portuguese	10	5	0	145	70	80
Romanian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Spanish	5	0	0	395	185	205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	25	15	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	5	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	210	95	115
Lao	0	0	0	200	95	110
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	20	5	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	590	280	315
English and French	5	5	5	260	120	140
English and non-official language	15	10	10	125	55	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	180	85	90
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,335	2,195	2,135	26,855	13,380	13,480
Single responses	4,305	2,175	2,125	25,985	12,965	13,020
Official languages	4,270	2,165	2,105	23,175	11,530	11,650
English	4,255	2,160	2,100	1,225	645	575
French	15	5	5	21,950	10,880	11,070
Non-official languages	35	15	20	2,810	1,430	1,375
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	2,810	1,435	1,375
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	165	85	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	155	80	75
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	100	55	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	60	25	30
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	45	25	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	15	2,400	1,240	1,165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	50	25	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	5	10	1,935	1,010	930
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,940	1,005	925
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	320	150	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Spanish	0	0	0	215	100	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
Lao	0	0	0	135	65	70
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	20	10	870	420	455
English and French	5	5	5	290	140	150
English and non-official language	25	20	5	160	75	80
French and non-official language	0	0	0	365	170	190
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	35	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,335	2,200	2,135	26,855	13,385	13,480
None	4,190	2,130	2,065	23,055	11,435	11,615
English	35	15	15	2,110	1,100	1,005
French	20	10	10	715	350	365
Non-official language	85	45	40	770	375	395
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	85	45	40	770	375	390
English and French	0	0	0	55	30	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	125	65	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,560	1,810	1,750	21,640	10,745	10,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,450	1,765	1,680	20,625	10,210	10,410
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,214	44,749	32,064	36,584	41,788	31,896
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,450	1,765	1,685	20,635	10,215	10,420
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,287	39,452	29,344	32,100	35,999	28,542
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,245	1,680	1,565	18,995	9,630	9,365
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,779	41,680	27,760	32,603	39,185	26,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,355	1,115	1,240	14,925	6,740	8,180
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,784	5,672	5,957	4,950	3,552	6,450
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,770	1,485	1,285	16,580	8,600	7,980
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,432	39,936	29,773	32,999	38,458	27,951
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	3,560	1,800	1,760	21,645	10,745	10,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,445	1,740	1,705	20,605	10,145	10,460
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,451	51,861	36,886	44,434	50,807	38,251
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,445	1,745	1,705	20,620	10,145	10,475
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,554	42,899	32,098	36,347	40,603	32,224
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,265	1,675	1,585	19,105	9,650	9,455
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,352	48,763	33,509	41,716	48,857	34,429
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,345	1,070	1,275	14,990	6,795	8,200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,776	7,896	7,675	7,909	6,489	9,087
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,770	1,470	1,300	16,580	8,580	7,995
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,769	46,571	34,225	41,047	46,216	35,501
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	3,560	1,800	1,760	21,645	10,740	10,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,395	805	590	7,365	4,090	3,270
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,329	61,225	42,432	50,626	57,245	43,454
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,922	64,429	48,931	58,194	64,602	50,180
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.7	90.7	85.5	87.0	91.6	81.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.5	75.3	70.8	74.6	77.5	70.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.4	9.3	14.4	12.9	8.5	18.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,560	1,810	1,750	21,645	10,745	10,900
Without total income	110	40	65	1,020	530	490
With total income	3,450	1,765	1,685	20,625	10,215	10,415
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.5	96.3	95.3	95.1	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	430	180	250	2,460	1,105	1,355
$10,000 to $19,999	510	215	300	3,400	1,340	2,060
$20,000 to $29,999	425	195	235	2,715	1,200	1,515
$30,000 to $39,999	440	190	245	2,660	1,240	1,425
$40,000 to $49,999	405	210	195	2,370	1,150	1,225
$50,000 to $59,999	345	185	160	1,845	910	935
$60,000 to $69,999	245	150	95	1,360	765	595
$70,000 to $79,999	180	120	65	1,115	620	495
$80,000 to $89,999	125	85	45	850	525	325
$90,000 to $99,999	120	75	40	505	355	155
$100,000 and over	230	165	65	1,345	1,005	340
$100,000 to $149,999	175	125	50	970	715	255
$150,000 and over	50	40	15	375	290	85
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,560	1,810	1,750	21,645	10,745	10,900
Without after-tax income	110	45	70	1,010	530	480
With after-tax income	3,450	1,765	1,685	20,635	10,215	10,425
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.5	96.3	95.3	95.1	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	445	185	260	2,575	1,125	1,455
$10,000 to $19,999	535	225	315	3,550	1,420	2,130
$20,000 to $29,999	520	235	280	3,440	1,570	1,865
$30,000 to $39,999	540	255	280	3,420	1,650	1,765
$40,000 to $49,999	485	260	225	2,670	1,370	1,300
$50,000 to $59,999	325	200	125	1,855	1,010	840
$60,000 to $69,999	205	140	65	1,320	780	540
$70,000 to $79,999	175	115	60	705	460	245
$80,000 and over	220	155	65	1,100	825	275
$80,000 to $89,999	90	65	25	370	265	105
$90,000 to $99,999	45	25	15	245	190	55
$100,000 and over	85	65	20	490	375	115
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,560	1,810	1,750	21,640	10,745	10,900
Without employment income	795	325	465	5,065	2,145	2,925
With employment income	2,765	1,485	1,285	16,580	8,600	7,980
Percentage with employment income	77.7	82.0	73.4	76.6	80.0	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	455	255	205	1,915	1,050	860
$5,000 to $9,999	220	95	120	1,375	585	785
$10,000 to $19,999	325	155	165	2,545	1,120	1,420
$20,000 to $29,999	270	115	160	1,910	820	1,090
$30,000 to $39,999	280	120	155	1,835	850	985
$40,000 to $49,999	280	140	140	1,575	770	810
$50,000 to $59,999	255	140	115	1,305	690	610
$60,000 to $69,999	165	100	70	1,035	625	410
$70,000 to $79,999	130	85	45	970	540	430
$80,000 and over	395	285	115	2,120	1,550	565
$80,000 to $89,999	110	75	40	640	430	210
$90,000 to $99,999	105	65	40	435	315	115
$100,000 and over	175	140	40	1,045	810	240
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,605	...	...	10,290	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,942	...	...	74,762	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,568	...	...	63,817	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	260	...	...	2,480	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,392	...	...	39,189	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,696	...	...	33,376	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,350	...	...	7,805	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,696	...	...	89,662	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,361	...	...	75,989	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,605	...	...	10,290	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,326	...	...	88,989	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,537	...	...	72,851	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	260	...	...	2,485	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,215	...	...	43,648	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,725	...	...	35,915	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,345	...	...	7,800	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,625	...	...	103,447	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,808	...	...	84,629	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,605	...	...	10,285	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	145	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	290	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	355	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	330	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	375	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	40	...	...	465	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...	465	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...	455	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	145	...	...	955	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	115	...	...	805	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	140	...	...	755	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...	670	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	120	...	...	590	...	...
$100,000 and over	625	...	...	3,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...	1,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	160	...	...	800	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	155	...	...	895	...	...
$200,000 and over	90	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,605	...	...	10,290	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	295	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	430	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	430	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	505	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	570	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	80	...	...	595	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	575	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	1,060	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	980	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...	855	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	135	...	...	730	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...	620	...	...
$100,000 and over	455	...	...	2,345	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	215	...	...	1,135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...	605	...	...
$150,000 and over	120	...	...	595	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,320	...	...	7,605	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,824	...	...	89,799	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,385	...	...	76,067	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	545	...	...	2,450	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,797	...	...	76,197	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,888	...	...	64,185	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	635	...	...	3,600	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,040	...	...	116,775	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,571	...	...	97,099	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...	1,400	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,200	...	...	60,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,464	...	...	53,152	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,320	...	...	7,600	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,311	...	...	103,588	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,595	...	...	84,682	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	555	...	...	2,440	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,062	...	...	88,582	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,508	...	...	71,962	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	625	...	...	3,640	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,100	...	...	126,567	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,346	...	...	103,287	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	1,405	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,900	...	...	72,193	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,015	...	...	60,084	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	325	185	140	3,060	1,560	1,500
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,240	45,376	35,776	36,791	40,256	32,491
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,461	39,296	32,981	31,776	34,409	28,966
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	330	200	135	3,055	1,455	1,595
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,102	49,669	33,089	42,027	44,704	39,590
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,926	37,130	29,042	34,706	36,134	33,406
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,330	2,195	2,135	26,830	13,380	13,455
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,800	910	890	13,755	6,665	7,095
In the bottom decile	195	110	90	1,335	645	690
In the second decile	310	150	165	2,385	1,080	1,300
In the third decile	365	185	180	3,750	1,805	1,950
In the fourth decile	430	215	215	3,235	1,620	1,620
In the fifth decile	495	255	240	3,050	1,510	1,540
In the top half of the distribution	2,525	1,285	1,240	13,075	6,715	6,360
In the sixth decile	510	265	245	2,920	1,495	1,425
In the seventh decile	570	295	275	2,960	1,485	1,470
In the eighth decile	595	290	300	2,965	1,550	1,415
In the ninth decile	495	245	250	2,445	1,250	1,195
In the top decile	360	190	170	1,790	935	855
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,330	2,200	2,130	26,830	13,380	13,455
0 to 17 years	915	445	470	6,315	3,255	3,055
0 to 5 years	250	115	130	2,105	1,060	1,040
18 to 64 years	2,680	1,360	1,315	17,570	8,750	8,825
65 years and over	735	390	345	2,950	1,375	1,570
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	360	190	170	2,385	1,095	1,290
0 to 17 years	110	60	55	615	325	290
0 to 5 years	30	15	20	250	125	125
18 to 64 years	195	105	95	1,400	650	750
65 years and over	55	30	25	365	115	245
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.3	8.6	8.0	8.9	8.2	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	12.0	13.5	11.7	9.7	10.0	9.5
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	13.0	15.4	11.9	11.8	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.3	7.7	7.2	8.0	7.4	8.5
65 years and over (%)	7.5	7.7	7.2	12.4	8.4	15.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	120	65	55	1,670	785	880
0 to 17 years	30	20	15	375	200	180
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	140	75	65
18 to 64 years	80	40	35	1,075	525	550
65 years and over	10	5	5	220	65	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.8	3.0	2.6	6.2	5.9	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	4.5	3.2	5.9	6.1	5.9
0 to 5 years (%)	2.0	4.3	3.8	6.7	7.1	6.3
18 to 64 years (%)	3.0	2.9	2.7	6.1	6.0	6.2
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.4	7.5	4.7	9.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,330	2,200	2,130	26,830	13,375	13,455
Official languages	4,330	2,200	2,135	26,280	13,110	13,170
English	4,330	2,200	2,130	15,420	8,125	7,295
French	175	45	125	24,420	12,050	12,370
Non-official languages	225	100	130	5,610	2,755	2,855
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	225	95	130	5,610	2,760	2,855
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	670	340	330
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	0	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	25
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	650	335	315
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	495	230	265
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	150	105	45
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	160	85	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	140	70	65
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	190	55	135
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	195	55	135
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	210	85	120	4,325	2,195	2,135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	65	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	20	55	20	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	10	0	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	120	55	70	2,320	1,240	1,080
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	60	30	30	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
German	65	20	45	70	50	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	2,240	1,185	1,050
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	195	115	80
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	20	75	50	25
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	30	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	20	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	45	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	10	1,655	755	900
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	360	195	155
Portuguese	0	0	0	165	75	85
Romanian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Spanish	10	0	0	1,115	490	630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	260	130	135
Lao	0	0	0	245	125	120
Thai	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	15	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,325	2,195	2,130	26,830	13,375	13,455
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,260	2,175	2,090	26,325	13,100	13,220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	900	455	445	6,280	3,285	2,995
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,360	1,715	1,650	20,045	9,820	10,230
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	70	25	40	505	275	230
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,330	2,200	2,130	26,830	13,375	13,455
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,020	2,055	1,970	24,495	12,220	12,275
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	305	140	165	2,245	1,100	1,140
Before 1981	210	100	110	615	295	315
1981 to 1990	40	25	20	410	200	210
1991 to 2000	15	0	15	480	240	235
2001 to 2010	10	10	0	555	275	275
2001 to 2005	10	10	0	240	130	115
2006 to 2010	10	10	0	315	150	165
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	30	10	20	195	90	100
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	90	50	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	300	145	165	2,245	1,100	1,140
Under 5 years	70	25	45	270	110	160
5 to 14 years	85	55	25	465	200	275
15 to 24 years	50	20	30	650	375	280
25 to 44 years	85	25	55	785	405	380
45 years and over	15	10	10	70	15	55
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	300	140	165	2,245	1,105	1,140
Americas	45	15	35	745	405	340
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	45	10	30
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	130	45	90
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	10	0	0	45	25	20
Peru	0	0	0	50	30	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	15	25	315	220	100
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	140	75	70
Europe	245	125	115	580	300	275
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	160	80	75
Germany	20	10	10	20	15	10
Greece	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hungary	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	10	10	60	35	20
Netherlands	70	40	30	0	0	0
Poland	10	10	10	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	65	30	35
Romania	0	0	0	80	45	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	95	45	50	55	35	15
Other places of birth in Europe	10	15	0	75	30	40
Africa	0	0	0	310	125	185
Algeria	0	0	0	75	40	40
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	125	45	75
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	95	35	60
Asia	15	0	15	615	275	335
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	60	0	50
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	110	60	55
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	330	160	175
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30	10	20	190	95	100
Americas	10	0	10	90	50	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	45	10	35
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	40	35	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	20	15	10	25	15	10
France	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	25	0	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	0	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	55	25	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,330	2,195	2,135	26,830	13,380	13,450
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	315	140	175	2,415	1,195	1,225
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	705	345	365	4,000	2,000	1,995
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,305	1,715	1,600	20,415	10,185	10,235
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	105	45	60	1,710	845	865
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	45	20	25	670	335	335
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	10	10	0	305	215	85
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	40	15	25	365	115	250
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	55	20	35	610	315	295
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	415	195	215
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,330	2,200	2,130	26,830	13,380	13,455
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	80	30	50	295	130	160
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	75	30	40	270	125	150
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	50	25	25	90	45	45
Métis	20	0	15	175	75	100
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,250	2,165	2,085	26,535	13,245	13,290
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,325	2,195	2,130	26,830	13,375	13,455
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	30	10	15	65	35	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,300	2,190	2,115	26,765	13,345	13,420
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,330	2,195	2,130	26,830	13,380	13,450
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	10	10	165	100	65
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	10	0	155	90	65
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	0	115	70	45
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	40	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	85	35	50	780	350	430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	80	35	45	775	345	420
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	35	45	625	290	335
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	150	60	90
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,230	2,150	2,075	25,885	12,935	12,955
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,325	2,200	2,130	26,830	13,375	13,455
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	80	25	60	2,035	935	1,095
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	25	10	20	70	30	40
Chinese	10	0	10	80	15	65
Black	30	10	20	505	195	310
Filipino	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latin American	0	0	0	390	195	195
Arab	0	0	0	420	210	210
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	10	460	240	220
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	10	50	20	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,250	2,175	2,075	24,795	12,440	12,355
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,330	2,200	2,130	26,830	13,375	13,455
North American Aboriginal origins	95	45	55	945	445	500
First Nations (North American Indian)	100	45	55	755	365	390
Inuit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	0	0	0	205	90	115
Other North American origins	1,510	795	715	16,825	8,340	8,485
Acadian	0	0	0	130	75	55
American	30	10	20	275	140	135
Canadian	1,490	780	700	15,980	7,885	8,100
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	720	400	320
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,510	1,745	1,765	11,520	5,835	5,680
British Isles origins	2,635	1,310	1,330	2,130	1,075	1,060
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,810	920	885	680	345	335
Irish	910	420	490	1,230	610	625
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,270	635	640	455	230	225
Welsh	95	40	50	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	125	55	75	60	25	30
French origins	390	205	190	6,240	3,120	3,115
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	40	20	20
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	390	205	190	6,210	3,110	3,100
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,200	575	630	885	460	425
Austrian	10	10	10	155	65	90
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	65	40	25	135	75	60
Dutch	675	330	345	45	20	30
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	25	0	20	0	0	0
German	520	240	280	525	275	250
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	20	10	15	50	30	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	40	10	35	25	10	15
Danish	30	0	25	0	0	10
Finnish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	185	90	95	1,525	755	770
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	10	35	15	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	10	25	940	460	480
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	85	35	40	415	205	210
Romanian	0	0	0	330	175	150
Russian	30	10	20	100	45	50
Slovak	0	10	0	15	0	0
Ukrainian	60	40	20	135	60	80
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	245	125	120	2,090	1,095	1,000
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	45	25	25	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	10	295	180	115
Italian	120	60	60	1,270	640	635
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	25	10	295	140	155
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	15	20	245	135	115
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	20	20	10	925	495	425
Basque	0	0	0	30	20	15
Jewish	0	0	0	825	450	380
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	20	10	65	35	35
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	405	150	255
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	315	110	200
Jamaican	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	50	30	20	525	260	270
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	45	25	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	85	55	35
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	35	20	20
Guyanese	0	0	10	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	45	30	15	90	40	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Salvadorean	0	0	0	110	45	65
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	15	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	20	0	20	710	320	385
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	115	50	60
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	495	225	270
Algerian	0	0	0	120	60	55
Berber	0	0	0	40	25	20
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	220	85	140
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	50	20	25
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	35	10	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	20	0	15	75	35	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	0	10	75	40	35
Asian origins	70	30	40	1,360	680	680
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	10	10	720	360	360
Afghan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	65	25	35
Armenian	15	10	10	85	40	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	125	70	55
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	240	110	130
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	10	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	115	50	70
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	40	25	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	35	10	25	25	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	0	25	20	15	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	10	15	595	290	305
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	15	170	90	80
Chinese	15	10	10	160	60	100
Filipino	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hmong	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	295	160	135
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	65	25	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	30	40
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	25	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,605	...	...	10,290	...	...
Owner	1,420	...	...	7,015	...	...
Renter	190	...	...	3,270	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,610	...	...	10,285	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	1,265	...	...
Not condominium	1,600	...	...	9,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,605	...	...	10,290	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	45	...	...	665	...	...
2 bedrooms	205	...	...	3,105	...	...
3 bedrooms	755	...	...	4,035	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	600	...	...	2,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,610	...	...	10,285	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	55	...	...	2,565	...	...
5 rooms	125	...	...	1,725	...	...
6 rooms	265	...	...	1,320	...	...
7 rooms	270	...	...	1,475	...	...
8 or more rooms	890	...	...	3,200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.0	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,610	...	...	10,290	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,600	...	...	10,085	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,610	...	...	10,290	...	...
Suitable	1,565	...	...	9,885	...	...
Not suitable	40	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,610	...	...	10,290	...	...
1960 or before	735	...	...	590	...	...
1961 to 1980	320	...	...	3,415	...	...
1981 to 1990	155	...	...	2,775	...	...
1991 to 2000	160	...	...	2,385	...	...
2001 to 2005	135	...	...	370	...	...
2006 to 2010	70	...	...	375	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	35	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,610	...	...	10,285	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,520	...	...	9,675	...	...
Major repairs needed	90	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,605	...	...	10,285	...	...
1 household maintainer	810	...	...	5,835	...	...
2 household maintainers	785	...	...	4,335	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,605	...	...	10,290	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	295	...	...
25 to 34 years	135	...	...	1,445	...	...
35 to 44 years	325	...	...	1,695	...	...
45 to 54 years	330	...	...	2,660	...	...
55 to 64 years	340	...	...	2,275	...	...
65 to 74 years	270	...	...	1,265	...	...
75 to 84 years	130	...	...	575	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,460	...	...	10,280	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,245	...	...	8,605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	220	...	...	1,675	...	...
30% to less than 100%	170	...	...	1,545	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,295	...	...	7,010	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.3	...	...	65.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.0	...	...	11.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,267	...	...	1,169	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,258	...	...	1,186	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	277,259	...	...	286,423	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	323,654	...	...	306,079	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	175	...	...	3,275	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	5.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.9	...	...	27.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,098	...	...	773	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,012	...	...	815	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,560	1,800	1,760	21,640	10,745	10,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	600	340	260	4,005	2,305	1,700
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	985	485	500	5,555	2,625	2,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,975	975	1,005	12,085	5,815	6,270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	340	275	60	3,715	2,295	1,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	95	55	35	2,670	1,455	1,220
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	240	215	25	1,045	840	205
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,135	480	660	4,230	1,760	2,470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	25	45	830	300	530
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	440	195	240	3,315	1,460	1,850
Bachelor's degree	325	150	175	2,445	1,070	1,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	20	15	290	105	190
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	50	25	25
Master's degree	75	25	50	460	240	220
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	60	25	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,315	1,135	1,175	14,415	7,055	7,360
No certificate, diploma or degree	220	145	70	1,735	1,010	725
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	610	300	310	3,265	1,565	1,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,490	685	800	9,415	4,480	4,935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	215	175	40	2,835	1,685	1,150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	55	35	25	2,010	1,020	980
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	160	140	20	830	660	170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	920	370	555	3,110	1,315	1,795
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	20	30	645	240	405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	305	130	170	2,825	1,240	1,580
Bachelor's degree	230	105	125	2,090	930	1,160
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	240	80	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	50	25	30
Master's degree	60	20	45	390	180	205
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	50	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,560	1,800	1,760	21,640	10,740	10,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,585	825	755	9,560	4,930	4,630
Education	125	40	85	945	190	750
13. Education	125	40	90	940	190	755
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	55	25	30	440	180	260
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	100	55	45
50. Visual and performing arts	40	10	25	340	125	220
Humanities	70	25	50	630	240	390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	60	10	55
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	20	415	155	260
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	40	35	10
54. History	20	10	10	30	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	65	20	50
Social and behavioural sciences and law	210	35	175	945	210	735
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	90	25	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	90	355	30	330
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	25	130	35	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	10	0	0	10
42. Psychology	30	10	20	150	30	120
45. Social sciences	45	20	25	205	90	115
Business, management and public administration	290	90	200	3,020	1,100	1,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	0	35	100	15	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	250	85	165	2,910	1,080	1,830
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	10	470	270	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	110	50	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	85	60	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	130	65	70
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	115	90	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	30	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	10	15	435	310	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	0	10	390	290	100
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	20	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	520	500	25	2,510	2,345	160
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	50	35	15
14. Engineering	35	30	10	345	310	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	95	90	10	505	450	55
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	120	115	0	675	655	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145	145	0	570	560	0
48. Precision production	115	105	0	360	340	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	115	35	110	65	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	130	95	35	95	60	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	20	0	15	10	15
Health and related fields	385	55	330	1,385	225	1,155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	25	15	140	60	80
51. Health professions and related programs	350	35	320	1,235	160	1,070
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	115	70	45	1,195	675	520
12. Personal and culinary services	45	15	30	545	145	405
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	30	25	10	365	300	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	275	230	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,315	1,135	1,175	14,410	7,055	7,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	830	445	380	5,000	2,570	2,425
Education	80	25	50	685	135	545
13. Education	80	20	50	685	140	550
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	30	360	140	220
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	80	45	35
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	25	280	95	185
Humanities	60	15	40	335	120	210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	50	10	45
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	20	185	75	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	20	20	0
54. History	10	0	10	20	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	50	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	30	155	765	160	605
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	80	20	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	80	285	15	270
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	20	110	25	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	25	0	25	115	20	90
45. Social sciences	40	25	20	165	75	90
Business, management and public administration	205	65	145	2,470	870	1,600
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	25	95	20	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	180	55	120	2,365	855	1,515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	10	295	200	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	80	50	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	65	40	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	20	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	100	80	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	25	0	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	10	15	395	285	110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	10	360	265	90
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	405	380	20	1,940	1,785	150
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	10	40	25	20
14. Engineering	20	20	10	290	250	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	75	70	0	385	345	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	105	100	10	480	465	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	100	100	0	460	450	0
48. Precision production	90	90	0	275	255	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	75	30	85	45	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	90	60	30	70	40	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	15	0	15	0	10
Health and related fields	285	25	260	1,130	195	930
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	15	0	110	50	60
51. Health professions and related programs	265	10	255	1,010	140	870
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	55	35	960	535	425
12. Personal and culinary services	45	10	30	425	95	330
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0	280	235	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	250	210	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,560	1,800	1,760	21,640	10,745	10,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,585	825	760	9,555	4,925	4,625
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,980	975	1,005	12,085	5,815	6,275
Location of study inside Canada	1,870	920	955	11,665	5,590	6,075
Same as province or territory of residence	1,820	885	935	11,435	5,465	5,970
Different than province or territory of residence	50	30	20	230	125	100
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	105	60	50	420	225	195
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	20	30	55	40	20
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	10	0
France	0	0	0	70	40	30
Other	40	20	15	265	135	135
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,315	1,135	1,175	14,410	7,055	7,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	825	445	380	4,995	2,575	2,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,485	690	800	9,415	4,480	4,935
Location of study inside Canada	1,425	660	770	9,070	4,305	4,770
Same as province or territory of residence	1,385	635	750	8,920	4,225	4,695
Different than province or territory of residence	45	25	15	150	75	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	30	30	345	175	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	10	10	50	30	20
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other	20	10	10	220	110	115
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	3,560	1,800	1,765	21,645	10,745	10,900
In the labour force	2,490	1,330	1,155	15,475	7,910	7,565
Employed	2,385	1,285	1,100	14,515	7,405	7,110
Unemployed	105	50	55	960	505	455
Not in the labour force	1,075	465	605	6,165	2,835	3,335
Participation rate	69.9	73.9	65.4	71.5	73.6	69.4
Employment rate	67.0	71.4	62.3	67.1	68.9	65.2
Unemployment rate	4.2	3.8	4.8	6.2	6.4	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	3,560	1,800	1,765	21,640	10,745	10,900
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	935	395	540	5,785	2,605	3,175
Worked	2,625	1,400	1,220	15,860	8,135	7,725
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,430	835	600	7,525	4,220	3,300
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,200	570	625	8,335	3,915	4,420
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.5	42.6	43.0	43.4	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,485	1,335	1,155	15,480	7,910	7,570
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	15	15	260	110	150
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,455	1,315	1,140	15,215	7,800	7,420
Employee	2,085	1,070	1,015	13,530	6,795	6,735
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	375	250	125	1,690	1,005	685
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,490	1,335	1,155	15,480	7,910	7,565
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	15	15	260	110	145
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,460	1,320	1,140	15,215	7,795	7,420
0 Management occupations	305	215	90	1,520	985	540
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	285	55	225	2,630	805	1,830
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	85	60	25	865	690	175
3 Health occupations	195	25	170	900	145	755
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	265	60	210	1,870	575	1,300
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	25	30	410	150	265
6 Sales and service occupations	405	170	235	4,155	1,870	2,285
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	565	510	55	2,135	2,030	110
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	185	110	70	95	90	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	115	90	30	620	475	150
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,490	1,330	1,155	15,480	7,910	7,570
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	15	15	260	110	150
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,460	1,315	1,145	15,215	7,800	7,420
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	295	185	105	35	15	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	35	35	0
22 Utilities	10	10	10	125	65	60
23 Construction	215	195	20	1,080	940	140
31-33 Manufacturing	295	235	60	1,785	1,280	505
41 Wholesale trade	100	70	25	890	590	300
44-45 Retail trade	190	65	120	2,215	970	1,250
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	170	125	45	745	570	175
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	10	360	240	125
52 Finance and insurance	55	20	30	595	185	410
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	15	0	250	135	115
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	120	45	80	895	440	455
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	100	50	45	600	385	210
61 Educational services	160	50	110	1,235	370	865
62 Health care and social assistance	340	40	300	1,630	265	1,360
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	25	30	325	205	125
72 Accommodation and food services	100	30	65	1,055	490	565
81 Other services (except public administration)	100	75	25	565	215	345
91 Public administration	120	70	50	800	420	390
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,385	1,285	1,100	14,515	7,405	7,115
Worked at home	230	140	90	920	450	475
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	25	20	0
No fixed workplace address	325	255	70	1,520	1,175	345
Worked at usual place	1,825	890	935	12,055	5,755	6,300
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,825	890	935	12,055	5,755	6,300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	195	105	90	2,125	1,070	1,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	825	380	445	1,640	545	1,090
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	805	405	400	8,275	4,135	4,140
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	15	0	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,145	1,140	1,005	13,575	6,930	6,640
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,935	1,030	900	11,495	5,990	5,505
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	105	45	60	520	210	310
Public transit	20	15	10	790	315	475
Walked	35	20	15	565	250	310
Bicycle	0	0	0	85	65	20
Other method	50	30	20	120	100	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,150	1,145	1,005	13,570	6,930	6,640
Less than 15 minutes	590	300	285	3,415	1,540	1,875
15 to 29 minutes	840	415	425	4,445	2,110	2,335
30 to 44 minutes	520	280	240	2,820	1,645	1,175
45 to 59 minutes	105	75	35	1,405	790	615
60 minutes and over	90	75	20	1,485	840	645
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,150	1,140	1,005	13,570	6,930	6,640
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	245	190	60	1,320	1,045	280
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	510	315	185	2,690	1,610	1,080
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	650	310	340	3,435	1,500	1,930
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	325	120	205	2,170	780	1,395
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	140	65	70	1,615	635	980
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	280	140	140	2,350	1,365	985
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,705	1,440	1,265	16,295	8,360	7,935
Single responses	2,695	1,435	1,260	15,070	7,675	7,395
Official languages	2,690	1,435	1,255	14,745	7,525	7,220
English	2,690	1,435	1,255	1,200	735	465
French	0	0	0	13,545	6,790	6,755
Non-official languages	0	0	0	320	155	170
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	325	155	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	320	150	170
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	315	150	160
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	310	150	165
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	10	1,225	680	545
English and French	0	0	0	1,150	650	500
English and non-official language	10	0	0	25	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,700	1,440	1,265	16,295	8,360	7,935
None	2,685	1,435	1,255	10,090	4,930	5,155
English	0	10	0	5,250	2,835	2,415
French	0	0	0	765	485	280
Non-official language	0	0	10	140	80	60
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	140	80	60
English and French	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	20	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,295	2,185	2,105	26,480	13,190	13,285
Non-movers	3,895	1,985	1,905	23,910	11,925	11,985
Movers	400	200	200	2,570	1,270	1,300
Non-migrants	100	40	55	935	435	500
Migrants	300	160	140	1,630	835	800
Internal migrants	305	160	135	1,570	805	770
Intraprovincial migrants	295	160	135	1,545	795	755
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	25	10	15
External migrants	0	0	0	65	35	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,125	2,105	2,015	25,090	12,460	12,625
Non-movers	3,060	1,590	1,470	16,830	8,315	8,510
Movers	1,065	520	540	8,260	4,145	4,115
Non-migrants	305	150	150	3,385	1,715	1,665
Migrants	755	370	395	4,880	2,430	2,450
Internal migrants	740	360	375	4,660	2,335	2,325
Intraprovincial migrants	710	345	365	4,585	2,295	2,290
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	15	80	45	40
External migrants	20	10	15	215	95	120

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Southwold, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario and Boisbriand, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 19, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Southwold, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Southwold, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Southwold, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec