Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	West Elgin, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]			Peterborough, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	4,995	...	...	81,032	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,157	...	...	78,777^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,221	...	...	36,785	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,102	...	...	34,710	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	15.5	...	...	1,261.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	322.48	...	...	64.25	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	4,995	2,485	2,505	81,030	38,170	42,865
0 to 14 years	760	360	400	11,795	6,005	5,790
0 to 4 years	235	110	125	4,070	2,075	2,000
5 to 9 years	245	120	125	4,020	1,995	2,030
10 to 14 years	285	130	150	3,695	1,935	1,765
15 to 64 years	3,175	1,605	1,565	51,130	24,585	26,545
15 to 19 years	305	165	140	4,475	2,220	2,250
20 to 24 years	235	120	110	6,170	2,995	3,175
25 to 29 years	230	120	110	5,540	2,725	2,820
30 to 34 years	225	120	105	5,000	2,470	2,535
35 to 39 years	245	115	130	4,435	2,160	2,280
40 to 44 years	290	140	150	4,275	2,145	2,135
45 to 49 years	305	150	155	4,530	2,105	2,430
50 to 54 years	450	215	230	5,465	2,585	2,885
55 to 59 years	460	240	215	5,785	2,640	3,135
60 to 64 years	435	215	215	5,445	2,545	2,905
65 years and over	1,065	520	540	18,110	7,580	10,530
65 to 69 years	375	200	170	5,210	2,370	2,840
70 to 74 years	260	120	140	3,905	1,720	2,190
75 to 79 years	165	85	80	3,060	1,305	1,755
80 to 84 years	140	65	75	2,640	1,105	1,535
85 years and over	125	50	70	3,295	1,085	2,210
85 to 89 years	70	30	45	2,020	760	1,260
90 to 94 years	45	20	25	980	270	715
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	260	55	200
100 years and over	0	0	0	30	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.2	14.5	16.0	14.6	15.7	13.5
15 to 64 years	63.6	64.6	62.5	63.1	64.4	61.9
65 years and over	21.3	20.9	21.6	22.3	19.9	24.6
85 years and over	2.5	2.0	2.8	4.1	2.8	5.2
Average age of the population	44.6	44.5	44.6	43.5	41.8	45.0
Median age of the population	48.7	48.9	48.6	43.6	41.2	45.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
Single-detached house	1,895	...	...	20,135	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	2,515	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	205	...	...	12,055	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	770	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	2,810	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	2,575	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	155	...	...	5,855	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,105	...	...	34,710	...	...
1 person	575	...	...	10,915	...	...
2 persons	855	...	...	12,730	...	...
3 persons	295	...	...	5,035	...	...
4 persons	235	...	...	4,010	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...	2,025	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,920	...	...	78,530	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,235	2,130	2,110	69,240	32,165	37,070
Married or living common law	2,680	1,335	1,345	35,970	17,925	18,045
Married	2,200	1,100	1,100	28,610	14,275	14,330
Living common law	485	240	240	7,370	3,655	3,715
Not married and not living common law	1,550	790	765	33,265	14,235	19,025
Never married	875	530	345	19,855	10,305	9,550
Separated	140	60	75	2,515	980	1,540
Divorced	250	135	115	5,315	1,890	3,425
Widowed	295	70	225	5,575	1,065	4,515
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,535	...	...	22,095	...	...
2 persons	915	...	...	12,580	...	...
3 persons	285	...	...	4,540	...	...
4 persons	210	...	...	3,615	...	...
5 or more persons	125	...	...	1,360	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,535	...	...	22,090	...	...
Total couple families	1,320	...	...	17,570	...	...
Married couples	1,075	...	...	13,885	...	...
Common-law couples	240	...	...	3,680	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	215	...	...	4,525	...	...
Female parent	170	...	...	3,695	...	...
Male parent	45	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,320	...	...	17,565	...	...
Couples without children	775	...	...	9,705	...	...
Couples with children	540	...	...	7,865	...	...
1 child	225	...	...	3,325	...	...
2 children	195	...	...	3,275	...	...
3 or more children	120	...	...	1,265	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	4,525	...	...
1 child	135	...	...	2,885	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	1,215	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	720	370	350	18,075	7,945	10,130
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
One-census-family households	1,445	...	...	21,155	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	735	...	...	9,340	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	710	...	...	11,815	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	45	...	...	465	...	...
Non-census-family households	610	...	...	13,090	...	...
One-person households	575	...	...	10,910	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	2,175	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,995	2,490	2,510	79,240	37,560	41,675
English only	4,760	2,400	2,365	72,785	34,870	37,915
French only	0	0	0	15	10	10
English and French	200	75	125	6,190	2,580	3,610
Neither English nor French	35	10	20	240	95	140
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,995	2,485	2,510	79,235	37,560	41,675
English	4,890	2,445	2,445	78,065	37,095	40,970
French	70	30	40	850	350	500
English and French	5	0	0	100	40	65
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	225	85	140
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	70	30	40	895	370	530
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.1	1.0	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,995	2,485	2,510	79,240	37,560	41,680
Single responses	4,945	2,470	2,480	78,595	37,255	41,335
Official languages	4,470	2,225	2,240	73,595	34,890	38,705
English	4,390	2,190	2,195	72,700	34,540	38,165
French	80	35	45	895	355	540
Non-official languages	480	240	240	4,995	2,360	2,630
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	40	20	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	5
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	480	245	235	4,950	2,345	2,610
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	290	155	130
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	260	145	120
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	5	0	5	235	130	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	180	85	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	120	55	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	200	75	120
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	135	45	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	145	80	70
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	5	5	0	35	15	20
Tamil	0	0	0	65	35	35
Telugu	0	0	0	30	20	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	420	215	205	3,150	1,485	1,665
Albanian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	635	285	350
Baltic languages	10	5	5	25	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lithuanian	10	0	5	15	5	5
Slavic languages	45	20	25	610	275	335
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Croatian	0	5	0	20	10	5
Czech	5	5	0	50	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	10	5	5	325	135	190
Russian	5	5	0	85	45	35
Serbian	15	10	5	20	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	15	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	10	5	5
Ukrainian	5	5	0	50	30	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	95	80	875	380	495
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	5	25	10	15
Dutch	85	50	35	320	130	190
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	65	30	35	475	215	265
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	85	45	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	770	415	360
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	625	345	280
Bengali	0	0	0	60	30	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	190	105	85
Hindi	0	0	0	95	55	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	5	10
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	130	65	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	115	65	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	115	55	55
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	95	100	700	325	375
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	260	135	125
Portuguese	160	80	80	80	35	50
Romanian	10	5	10	50	25	25
Spanish	15	5	5	305	135	175
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	5	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	160	75	90
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	10
Swahili	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	5	535	255	285
Chinese languages	0	0	0	510	245	270
Cantonese	0	0	0	160	80	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5	290	140	155
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	20	25	135	55	75
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	35	15	25
Hungarian	50	20	25	80	40	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	25	640	300	340
English and French	10	5	5	210	85	125
English and non-official language	35	15	25	405	210	195
French and non-official language	5	0	0	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,995	2,485	2,510	79,235	37,560	41,680
Single responses	4,910	2,440	2,465	78,190	37,035	41,160
Official languages	4,770	2,380	2,385	76,335	36,125	40,205
English	4,755	2,380	2,380	76,070	36,010	40,055
French	10	5	10	270	115	155
Non-official languages	140	55	85	1,860	905	950
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	145	60	80	1,850	900	945
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	160	80	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	150	75	80
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	145	75	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	55	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	40	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	80	30	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	65	25	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	130	60	70	925	450	470
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	180	85	95
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	185	90	90
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	125	60	70
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Serbian	10	0	5	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	60	30	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	45	20	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	435	225	210
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	350	185	170
Bengali	0	0	0	40	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	110	60	45
Hindi	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	40	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	60	30	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	45	60	205	95	110
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	50	25	30
Portuguese	90	40	50	25	10	10
Romanian	0	5	0	25	15	10
Spanish	5	5	5	105	50	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	120	60	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	25	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	15	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	315	155	165
Chinese languages	0	5	0	300	150	150
Cantonese	0	0	0	80	35	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	0	200	105	95
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	20	5	15
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	5	0	5	15	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	45	45	1,045	525	520
English and French	5	5	5	60	35	25
English and non-official language	85	45	40	950	480	475
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,995	2,485	2,510	79,240	37,560	41,680
None	4,730	2,365	2,365	75,435	35,805	39,630
English	50	20	30	980	485	490
French	50	20	35	1,015	415	605
Non-official language	155	80	80	1,725	805	925
Aboriginal	0	0	0	60	25	30
Non-Aboriginal	160	75	80	1,665	780	885
English and French	5	5	0	10	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	20	10
French and non-official language	5	5	0	50	30	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,160	2,080	2,080	66,780	31,300	35,475
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,000	1,990	2,005	64,460	30,155	34,305
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,397	36,267	25,018	30,040	34,326	26,904
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,000	1,990	2,010	64,475	30,155	34,315
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,063	32,853	23,488	27,691	31,198	25,254
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,510	1,770	1,740	56,320	26,645	29,670
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,893	33,856	20,896	27,453	32,749	23,031
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,010	1,430	1,580	50,715	22,370	28,345
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,323	8,088	8,560	7,553	6,554	8,077
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,845	1,500	1,345	44,275	22,140	22,135
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,310	32,480	22,605	27,058	29,275	25,334
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,155	2,075	2,080	66,785	31,320	35,465
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,945	1,960	1,990	64,515	30,190	34,330
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,655	41,744	33,621	39,693	45,832	34,294
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,945	1,960	1,985	64,535	30,185	34,350
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,623	35,676	29,612	33,945	38,530	29,915
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,455	1,720	1,730	56,190	26,715	29,475
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,961	39,844	30,095	37,886	45,219	31,239
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,010	1,460	1,545	50,670	22,345	28,330
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,236	8,949	9,507	8,525	7,855	9,053
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,840	1,485	1,355	44,325	22,180	22,145
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,396	37,675	30,802	36,761	41,513	32,002
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,155	2,075	2,085	66,785	31,320	35,465
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,445	780	670	19,105	10,110	8,995
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,819	47,353	42,784	49,252	53,291	45,096
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,858	51,073	46,283	57,893	63,604	51,474
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.1	84.7	76.2	83.1	87.0	78.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.8	67.7	61.3	63.7	66.4	60.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.9	15.4	23.8	16.9	13.0	21.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,165	2,080	2,085	66,780	31,305	35,480
Without total income	165	90	70	2,315	1,145	1,170
With total income	3,995	1,990	2,010	64,460	30,160	34,305
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.7	96.4	96.5	96.3	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	545	235	310	8,700	4,045	4,650
$10,000 to $19,999	785	305	475	13,170	5,300	7,870
$20,000 to $29,999	705	310	390	10,330	4,130	6,190
$30,000 to $39,999	510	230	280	8,250	3,670	4,575
$40,000 to $49,999	430	230	200	6,285	2,995	3,290
$50,000 to $59,999	325	190	130	4,770	2,460	2,305
$60,000 to $69,999	255	175	80	3,480	1,895	1,585
$70,000 to $79,999	160	115	45	2,455	1,375	1,075
$80,000 to $89,999	90	55	30	1,855	1,095	765
$90,000 to $99,999	85	55	30	1,685	900	780
$100,000 and over	120	85	30	3,490	2,280	1,210
$100,000 to $149,999	95	65	25	2,525	1,565	960
$150,000 and over	25	20	5	965	715	250
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,165	2,080	2,085	66,775	31,305	35,480
Without after-tax income	165	90	75	2,300	1,140	1,155
With after-tax income	3,995	1,990	2,010	64,480	30,160	34,320
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	95.7	96.4	96.6	96.3	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	240	320	8,975	4,100	4,880
$10,000 to $19,999	815	320	490	13,670	5,515	8,145
$20,000 to $29,999	810	350	455	12,060	4,915	7,140
$30,000 to $39,999	595	295	300	9,270	4,290	4,985
$40,000 to $49,999	470	270	200	6,905	3,450	3,450
$50,000 to $59,999	340	230	110	4,600	2,455	2,145
$60,000 to $69,999	170	115	55	3,040	1,785	1,255
$70,000 to $79,999	115	75	40	2,315	1,295	1,025
$80,000 and over	125	90	35	3,645	2,355	1,285
$80,000 to $89,999	50	35	15	1,410	800	605
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10	715	460	255
$100,000 and over	45	35	15	1,515	1,090	425
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,160	2,080	2,080	66,780	31,300	35,480
Without employment income	1,320	580	740	22,505	9,160	13,345
With employment income	2,840	1,500	1,340	44,275	22,145	22,135
Percentage with employment income	68.3	72.1	64.4	66.3	70.8	62.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	535	285	245	7,845	4,250	3,595
$5,000 to $9,999	240	100	140	4,030	1,760	2,270
$10,000 to $19,999	400	170	230	6,460	2,890	3,575
$20,000 to $29,999	350	160	185	5,250	2,350	2,900
$30,000 to $39,999	315	145	160	4,845	2,210	2,635
$40,000 to $49,999	270	135	135	3,640	1,735	1,905
$50,000 to $59,999	220	130	90	2,985	1,530	1,455
$60,000 to $69,999	185	130	55	2,230	1,235	1,005
$70,000 to $79,999	105	80	25	1,635	890	740
$80,000 and over	230	160	70	5,350	3,290	2,055
$80,000 to $89,999	95	60	35	1,405	820	590
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	20	1,450	730	720
$100,000 and over	75	55	20	2,495	1,750	750
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	58,127	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,280	...	...	52,195	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	570	...	...	10,915	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,648	...	...	30,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,728	...	...	28,410	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...	23,800	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,761	...	...	74,813	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,499	...	...	66,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,679	...	...	73,774	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,234	...	...	63,111	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	600	...	...	10,905	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,457	...	...	40,217	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,102	...	...	34,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,505	...	...	23,800	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,103	...	...	89,154	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,631	...	...	76,178	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,105	...	...	34,710	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	460	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	485	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	1,365	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	1,795	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	2,000	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	1,775	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	1,805	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...	1,810	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	1,790	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	1,590	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	190	...	...	3,005	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...	2,625	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	170	...	...	2,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	130	...	...	1,950	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	1,700	...	...
$100,000 and over	435	...	...	8,195	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	190	...	...	3,015	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105	...	...	1,940	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	100	...	...	1,910	...	...
$200,000 and over	45	...	...	1,325	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,105	...	...	34,710	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	485	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	490	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	1,385	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	1,865	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	150	...	...	2,240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	1,985	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...	2,065	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	160	...	...	2,060	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	2,005	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	120	...	...	1,945	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	225	...	...	3,380	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	195	...	...	2,955	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	2,410	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	140	...	...	2,045	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	100	...	...	1,560	...	...
$100,000 and over	290	...	...	5,855	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	2,715	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	1,425	...	...
$150,000 and over	60	...	...	1,715	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,505	...	...	22,050	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,512	...	...	76,064	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,353	...	...	67,642	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	715	...	...	9,155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,576	...	...	71,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,920	...	...	63,925	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	550	...	...	7,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,184	...	...	103,794	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,489	...	...	90,386	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	4,260	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,256	...	...	45,252	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	43,200	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,490	...	...	22,085	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,781	...	...	90,635	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,277	...	...	77,151	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	715	...	...	9,100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,963	...	...	83,951	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,665	...	...	71,914	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	535	...	...	8,055	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,025	...	...	120,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,518	...	...	100,643	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	4,220	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,636	...	...	51,574	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,707	...	...	45,645	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	645	335	310	16,365	7,245	9,120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,507	28,181	26,624	25,155	24,354	25,649
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,664	25,920	25,344	23,952	23,071	24,414
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	665	340	325	16,215	7,335	8,875
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,674	33,607	33,743	34,498	34,797	34,250
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,563	29,214	29,928	30,035	29,769	30,254
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,915	2,435	2,480	78,530	37,275	41,255
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,925	1,430	1,495	45,015	20,825	24,190
In the bottom decile	455	235	220	10,860	5,225	5,640
In the second decile	615	300	320	9,760	4,170	5,590
In the third decile	635	295	340	8,455	3,875	4,575
In the fourth decile	620	305	315	8,165	3,870	4,295
In the fifth decile	600	295	310	7,775	3,685	4,095
In the top half of the distribution	1,985	1,005	980	33,515	16,455	17,060
In the sixth decile	555	280	275	7,515	3,595	3,920
In the seventh decile	450	220	235	7,390	3,600	3,790
In the eighth decile	465	240	215	6,805	3,355	3,450
In the ninth decile	320	160	160	6,680	3,320	3,360
In the top decile	195	100	95	5,125	2,580	2,545
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,920	2,440	2,475	78,530	37,275	41,255
0 to 17 years	950	470	480	14,115	7,170	6,950
0 to 5 years	285	140	145	4,840	2,470	2,370
18 to 64 years	2,940	1,470	1,470	48,240	23,060	25,180
65 years and over	1,030	500	530	16,170	7,045	9,130
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	805	410	395	14,645	6,560	8,085
0 to 17 years	195	105	90	3,375	1,730	1,645
0 to 5 years	60	25	35	1,330	685	650
18 to 64 years	460	245	215	9,330	4,250	5,085
65 years and over	150	60	90	1,940	585	1,350
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.4	16.8	16.0	18.6	17.6	19.6
0 to 17 years (%)	20.5	22.3	18.8	23.9	24.1	23.7
0 to 5 years (%)	21.1	17.9	24.1	27.5	27.7	27.4
18 to 64 years (%)	15.6	16.7	14.6	19.3	18.4	20.2
65 years and over (%)	14.6	12.0	17.0	12.0	8.3	14.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	230	120	110	8,670	4,280	4,390
0 to 17 years	50	30	25	1,580	825	755
0 to 5 years	25	10	20	650	335	315
18 to 64 years	170	85	80	6,760	3,340	3,420
65 years and over	10	10	5	330	115	215
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	4.9	4.4	11.0	11.5	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	6.4	5.2	11.2	11.5	10.9
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	7.1	13.8	13.4	13.6	13.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.8	5.4	14.0	14.5	13.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	2.0	0.9	2.0	1.6	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,920	2,440	2,480	78,530	37,290	41,240
Official languages	4,885	2,430	2,450	78,270	37,170	41,100
English	4,885	2,430	2,455	78,255	37,155	41,100
French	180	35	140	6,275	2,700	3,580
Non-official languages	530	250	285	6,740	3,155	3,580
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	110	60	45
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	95	55	40
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	95	55	40
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	530	250	280	6,630	3,095	3,535
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	455	275	180
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	440	265	170
Amharic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	350	210	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	20	15
Maltese	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	220	105	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	80	40	40
Vietnamese	0	0	0	145	65	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	280	110	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	250	95	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	200	115	85
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	20	35
Tamil	0	0	0	120	70	40
Telugu	0	0	0	40	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	445	225	225	4,160	1,885	2,275
Albanian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	40	745	310	440
Baltic languages	10	10	10	30	0	30
Latvian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Lithuanian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Slavic languages	65	30	30	720	305	415
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Czech	0	0	0	45	10	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Polish	20	15	0	335	135	195
Russian	0	10	0	155	75	80
Serbian	30	10	20	35	15	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	10	0	10	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	75	30	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages	170	85	85	1,110	505	600
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	10	25
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dutch	85	45	40	345	130	215
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	75	40	40	700	360	340
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	75	40	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	890	455	440
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	825	425	395
Bengali	0	0	0	130	65	60
Gujarati	0	0	0	260	135	120
Hindi	0	0	0	385	205	180
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	45	15	30
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	125	70	60
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	170	90	80
Iranian languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	65	25	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	200	95	100	1,390	615	775
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	365	175	190
Portuguese	155	70	80	135	60	75
Romanian	20	0	15	35	10	20
Spanish	20	10	10	900	395	500
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	95	55	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	160	65	95
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	145	65	80
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	55	35	25
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	20	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	0	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	10	250	110	135
American Sign Language	15	0	10	170	75	100
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	670	330	340
Chinese languages	0	0	0	650	325	325
Cantonese	0	0	0	255	135	115
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	380	180	195
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	25	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages	70	25	45	170	65	105
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Finnish	0	0	0	45	15	30
Hungarian	70	25	45	105	45	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,915	2,440	2,480	78,530	37,290	41,240
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,850	2,410	2,440	76,535	36,280	40,260
Canadian citizens aged under 18	960	475	480	13,945	7,025	6,920
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,895	1,930	1,960	62,595	29,255	33,340
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	65	30	40	1,995	1,010	985
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,920	2,435	2,475	78,530	37,290	41,240
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,385	2,185	2,205	70,750	33,680	37,075
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	530	255	275	7,085	3,230	3,855
Before 1981	395	185	205	3,645	1,630	2,015
1981 to 1990	50	25	25	755	360	400
1991 to 2000	30	25	10	860	370	490
2001 to 2010	50	20	30	1,165	550	610
2001 to 2005	20	10	10	610	300	315
2006 to 2010	30	10	25	555	255	300
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	0	660	315	345
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	695	380	315
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	535	255	275	7,085	3,230	3,855
Under 5 years	70	40	25	1,035	525	510
5 to 14 years	145	75	70	1,425	635	785
15 to 24 years	150	70	80	1,760	775	985
25 to 44 years	155	70	85	2,500	1,130	1,365
45 years and over	20	0	15	375	165	210
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	530	255	275	7,085	3,230	3,855
Americas	75	30	45	1,050	445	605
Brazil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	70	25	45
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	80	35	40
Mexico	0	0	10	65	30	30
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	40	10	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	15	25	585	240	340
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	180	85	95
Europe	450	220	235	3,720	1,715	2,000
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	20	10	10
Croatia	15	10	0	20	10	15
France	0	0	0	30	20	15
Germany	0	0	0	360	160	200
Greece	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hungary	40	20	15	85	35	50
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	65	35	35
Italy	0	10	0	155	70	80
Netherlands	75	40	30	300	135	165
Poland	10	0	10	190	70	115
Portugal	130	55	75	45	15	30
Romania	10	10	10	40	15	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	10	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	10	40	10	30
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	105	30	70	1,910	920	985
Other places of birth in Europe	45	30	20	375	175	200
Africa	0	0	0	330	185	145
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	70	50	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	20	0	20
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	20	20	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	15	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	155	80	75
Asia	0	10	0	1,930	850	1,080
Afghanistan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0	60	40	25
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	350	120	240
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	60	30	25
India	0	0	0	360	175	185
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	25	20	10
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	110	45	60
Lebanon	0	0	0	65	30	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	105	50	55
Philippines	10	0	0	255	110	145
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	50	25	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	90	40	50
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	100	35	60
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	215	105	110
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	660	315	345
Americas	0	0	0	80	40	35
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	15	0
Europe	0	0	0	90	40	45
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	35	15	20
Africa	0	0	0	30	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	460	215	240
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	85	45	40
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	80	40	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	90	40	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,915	2,440	2,475	78,530	37,290	41,240
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	540	255	280	8,110	3,765	4,345
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	875	400	470	11,485	5,380	6,100
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,500	1,780	1,720	58,940	28,145	30,795
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	150	75	70	3,545	1,650	1,895
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	60	40	25	1,705	950	760
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	25	0	660	465	200
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	30	15	20	1,045	490	560
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	75	25	45	1,235	430	805
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	10	10	575	255	315
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,915	2,440	2,480	78,530	37,290	41,235
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	170	55	110	3,275	1,535	1,740
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	165	60	105	3,185	1,485	1,690
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	80	15	60	2,075	970	1,105
Métis	85	40	40	1,065	515	550
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	40	10	35
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	65	25	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,750	2,380	2,370	75,260	35,755	39,500
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,915	2,435	2,480	78,530	37,290	41,240
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	45	15	30	1,165	570	590
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,870	2,425	2,445	77,370	36,715	40,650
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,915	2,435	2,475	78,530	37,290	41,240
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	0	10	575	275	300
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	10	570	270	300
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	455	225	230
Métis single ancestry	15	0	0	110	45	70
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	255	105	150	4,105	1,920	2,185
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	255	110	145	3,985	1,885	2,100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	80	100	3,015	1,445	1,565
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	30	45	950	435	510
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	25
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	120	35	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	120	35	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,650	2,325	2,320	73,850	35,100	38,745
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,915	2,440	2,480	78,530	37,290	41,240
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	110	40	70	4,800	2,360	2,440
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	10	0	1,315	690	625
Chinese	0	0	0	815	395	425
Black	60	15	45	795	385	405
Filipino	0	0	0	370	180	195
Latin American	10	10	0	205	90	120
Arab	0	0	0	285	175	110
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	285	135	150
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	65	25	35
Korean	0	0	0	165	60	105
Japanese	10	10	0	175	85	90
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	175	65	105
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	155	75	80
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,805	2,395	2,410	73,725	34,930	38,795
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,915	2,435	2,480	78,530	37,290	41,240
North American Aboriginal origins	265	110	155	4,685	2,190	2,490
First Nations (North American Indian)	180	80	100	3,595	1,710	1,885
Inuit	0	0	0	30	0	25
Métis	85	35	55	1,190	525	665
Other North American origins	1,605	735	870	28,355	13,370	14,980
Acadian	0	10	0	140	75	60
American	55	10	40	890	380	505
Canadian	1,580	730	850	27,625	13,035	14,590
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	15	10	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	115	45	70
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	10
European origins	3,985	2,010	1,975	61,220	28,975	32,250
British Isles origins	2,775	1,390	1,380	51,365	24,275	27,090
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	10
English	1,755	915	835	30,790	14,355	16,440
Irish	990	495	500	25,400	11,610	13,790
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	1,375	670	705	20,750	9,820	10,930
Welsh	70	35	40	2,140	1,005	1,135
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	55	45	15	2,725	1,185	1,540
French origins	605	285	325	9,950	4,650	5,305
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	25	15	10
French	605	280	320	9,920	4,635	5,290
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,255	670	585	12,775	6,015	6,760
Austrian	0	0	0	450	210	240
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	105	65	35	300	175	130
Dutch	440	230	215	4,470	2,060	2,410
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	780	410	375	8,255	3,935	4,325
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	275	125	145
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	75	30	45	1,880	850	1,030
Danish	0	10	0	460	210	245
Finnish	10	0	0	420	195	225
Icelandic	0	0	0	85	20	65
Norwegian	40	20	20	415	170	245
Swedish	10	0	0	460	220	240
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	10	15	140	70	70
Eastern European origins	645	355	285	5,200	2,485	2,710
Bulgarian	20	10	0	75	30	40
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Czech	20	10	10	240	125	115
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	45	15	35
Estonian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hungarian	220	135	90	655	325	325
Latvian	10	0	0	95	30	65
Lithuanian	25	0	15	110	40	70
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	55	50	2,155	990	1,160
Romanian	150	80	75	205	85	125
Russian	60	30	35	605	290	315
Slovak	10	10	0	85	35	45
Ukrainian	90	45	40	1,545	800	735
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Southern European origins	475	240	240	5,285	2,490	2,795
Albanian	0	0	0	95	55	40
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	145	65	75
Cypriot	0	0	0	25	20	10
Greek	0	0	0	385	195	190
Italian	100	60	45	3,280	1,545	1,730
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	90	50	35
Maltese	0	0	0	190	90	100
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	95	105	485	240	250
Serbian	50	25	25	135	45	85
Sicilian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Slovenian	10	10	0	80	40	35
Spanish	30	0	25	505	235	270
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	80	50	30	75	25	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins	35	25	0	345	195	155
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	15	15	0	165	85	75
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	15	10	155	80	75
Caribbean origins	65	20	45	635	290	350
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	50	20	30
Bermudan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaican	55	10	45	325	120	205
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	10	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	95	45	45
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	35	0	25	50	35	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	25	0	455	210	240
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Chilean	0	0	0	25	20	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	130	65	70
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mexican	0	0	0	160	80	80
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	20	10	15	855	440	415
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	185	80	110
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	25	10	20
North African origins	0	0	0	180	105	80
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	100	70	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	265	140	125
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	25	20	10
South African	0	0	0	135	60	75
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins	20	10	15	230	125	110
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	0	15	205	110	95
Asian origins	35	25	10	4,080	1,990	2,090
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	595	335	260
Afghan	0	0	0	45	15	30
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	15	20	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	225	140	90
Palestinian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Syrian	0	0	0	120	50	70
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	115	60	60
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins	15	15	0	1,395	720	675
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	65	35	25
Bengali	0	0	0	25	20	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
East Indian	15	15	0	1,100	575	525
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Pakistani	0	0	0	115	60	55
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	50	15	30
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	10	0	2,115	945	1,170
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	95	40	55
Chinese	0	0	0	1,050	485	565
Filipino	10	0	0	410	180	220
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Japanese	10	0	0	175	85	95
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	180	60	115
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	155	65	90
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	240	110	130
Australian	0	0	0	165	80	80
New Zealander	0	0	0	90	40	50
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
Owner	1,730	...	...	21,565	...	...
Renter	370	...	...	13,145	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	2,005	...	...
Not condominium	2,090	...	...	32,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,105	...	...	34,710	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	155	...	...
1 bedroom	135	...	...	4,735	...	...
2 bedrooms	425	...	...	9,040	...	...
3 bedrooms	890	...	...	11,990	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	650	...	...	8,795	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	225	...	...	8,545	...	...
5 rooms	285	...	...	5,115	...	...
6 rooms	365	...	...	5,190	...	...
7 rooms	300	...	...	5,075	...	...
8 or more rooms	925	...	...	10,790	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,090	...	...	34,545	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
Suitable	2,035	...	...	33,720	...	...
Not suitable	65	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,105	...	...	34,710	...	...
1960 or before	1,050	...	...	13,040	...	...
1961 to 1980	430	...	...	9,535	...	...
1981 to 1990	235	...	...	4,200	...	...
1991 to 2000	225	...	...	3,180	...	...
2001 to 2005	85	...	...	1,560	...	...
2006 to 2010	60	...	...	1,845	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	20	...	...	1,350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,875	...	...	32,475	...	...
Major repairs needed	225	...	...	2,240	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,100	...	...	34,710	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,295	...	...	20,895	...	...
2 household maintainers	800	...	...	12,850	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,105	...	...	34,710	...	...
15 to 24 years	60	...	...	1,785	...	...
25 to 34 years	220	...	...	4,950	...	...
35 to 44 years	280	...	...	4,760	...	...
45 to 54 years	375	...	...	5,815	...	...
55 to 64 years	485	...	...	6,540	...	...
65 to 74 years	365	...	...	5,670	...	...
75 to 84 years	245	...	...	3,580	...	...
85 years and over	80	...	...	1,610	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,910	...	...	34,655	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,535	...	...	24,045	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	380	...	...	10,615	...	...
30% to less than 100%	325	...	...	9,560	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,550	...	...	21,555	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.1	...	...	57.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.9	...	...	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	900	...	...	1,116	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	984	...	...	1,186	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,485	...	...	275,672	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	213,148	...	...	302,030	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	365	...	...	13,140	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	21.6	...	...	17.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.0	...	...	53.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	649	...	...	949	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	619	...	...	956	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,155	2,075	2,080	66,785	31,325	35,465
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,140	650	490	11,295	5,580	5,715
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,155	540	615	19,680	9,650	10,030
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,855	885	975	35,805	16,095	19,715
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	370	300	70	4,265	2,875	1,390
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	175	130	45	2,065	1,170	895
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	195	170	25	2,205	1,705	495
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,060	450	610	17,240	6,750	10,495
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	10	60	915	410	505
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	355	125	235	13,385	6,060	7,320
Bachelor's degree	285	95	190	9,160	3,865	5,290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	10	910	385	520
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	10	340	220	120
Master's degree	40	10	30	2,470	1,285	1,185
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	505	300	200
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,565	1,275	1,290	40,160	19,210	20,945
No certificate, diploma or degree	455	290	160	4,125	2,460	1,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	745	350	395	10,535	5,640	4,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,365	635	730	25,495	11,115	14,380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	260	210	50	2,540	1,715	825
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	130	100	30	1,275	745	535
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	120	105	15	1,265	970	295
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	810	340	470	12,485	4,905	7,585
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	10	40	480	215	255
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	250	70	170	9,990	4,275	5,715
Bachelor's degree	185	55	135	6,885	2,800	4,085
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	645	250	395
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	10	235	130	105
Master's degree	35	0	30	1,850	895	950
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	380	195	175
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,155	2,075	2,080	66,785	31,325	35,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,300	1,190	1,110	30,980	15,230	15,750
Education	100	10	95	2,595	750	1,845
13. Education	105	0	95	2,595	750	1,840
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	1,185	580	605
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	240	210	30
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	15	945	370	570
Humanities	70	20	50	2,140	970	1,165
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	130	35	100
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	630	195	435
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	315	130	190
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	185	140	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	365	230	130
54. History	20	10	15	425	225	200
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	75	15	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	100	20	80	4,395	1,400	2,995
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	190	65	130
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	310	140	175
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45	845	75	770
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	555	140	415
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	175	55	120
42. Psychology	0	0	0	775	195	580
45. Social sciences	20	10	15	1,535	740	800
Business, management and public administration	245	75	170	6,255	2,240	4,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	15	925	195	730
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	75	155	5,320	2,045	3,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	15	1,525	750	775
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	895	375	515
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	215	110	105
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	325	235	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	80	25	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	30	10	1,115	680	435
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	15	790	525	265
25. Library science	0	0	0	115	15	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	190	130	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	525	500	25	6,130	5,735	390
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	185	120	60
14. Engineering	20	25	0	1,025	905	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	120	110	0	1,590	1,495	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	110	100	0	1,320	1,305	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	195	195	0	1,180	1,125	55
48. Precision production	50	50	0	835	775	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	90	65	885	555	330
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	120	80	45	230	155	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	20	655	405	250
Health and related fields	410	50	365	6,895	1,145	5,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	605	300	305
51. Health professions and related programs	395	40	360	6,135	735	5,395
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	150	110	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	80	85	2,685	1,280	1,405
12. Personal and culinary services	85	10	70	1,330	305	1,020
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	1,035	690	345
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	305	265	40
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,565	1,280	1,290	40,160	19,215	20,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,200	645	560	14,665	8,100	6,565
Education	65	0	60	1,745	490	1,255
13. Education	65	10	60	1,745	490	1,255
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	15	865	400	465
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	175	140	30
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	690	260	435
Humanities	30	10	15	1,515	670	840
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	105	25	80
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	395	130	265
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	190	65	120
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	130	105	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	300	190	110
54. History	15	0	10	330	150	180
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	10	50
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	10	60	3,280	975	2,305
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	165	55	110
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	240	90	145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	40	610	60	555
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	435	85	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	140	45	95
42. Psychology	10	0	0	535	120	410
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1,160	520	635
Business, management and public administration	185	50	135	4,460	1,620	2,840
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	705	150	555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	170	50	125	3,745	1,465	2,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	20	1,145	530	610
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	700	290	410
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	140	65	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	235	160	80
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	55	15	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	835	505	320
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	15	625	430	200
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	15	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	105	60	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	380	365	10	3,990	3,705	280
04. Architecture and related services	10	15	0	160	105	55
14. Engineering	15	15	0	695	620	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	90	90	10	970	915	55
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	80	10	885	870	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	130	0	790	740	50
48. Precision production	50	50	0	485	445	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	70	45	660	410	255
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	60	40	145	100	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	515	315	200
Health and related fields	335	30	300	4,990	820	4,175
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	475	215	260
51. Health professions and related programs	325	25	295	4,420	545	3,880
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	100	60	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	120	65	55	2,010	985	1,030
12. Personal and culinary services	55	15	45	960	230	725
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	30	15	810	545	270
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	240	205	35
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,155	2,075	2,080	66,790	31,320	35,465
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,295	1,190	1,110	30,980	15,230	15,750
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,855	880	970	35,805	16,095	19,715
Location of study inside Canada	1,800	865	935	33,020	14,630	18,390
Same as province or territory of residence	1,735	845	890	31,055	13,725	17,330
Different than province or territory of residence	60	20	40	1,965	905	1,060
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	20	40	2,790	1,465	1,320
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	675	365	310
Philippines	0	0	0	120	40	75
India	0	0	0	330	190	145
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	485	310	175
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	95	40	60
France	0	0	0	30	15	20
Other	35	15	20	1,055	515	545
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,565	1,275	1,290	40,160	19,215	20,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,200	640	560	14,670	8,100	6,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,365	635	730	25,495	11,115	14,380
Location of study inside Canada	1,330	625	710	23,815	10,260	13,560
Same as province or territory of residence	1,295	615	680	22,485	9,640	12,835
Different than province or territory of residence	40	15	30	1,335	615	715
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	10	20	1,675	850	820
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	420	230	190
Philippines	0	0	0	110	40	70
India	0	0	0	205	105	95
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	160	95	65
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	80	30	50
France	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other	15	0	10	680	335	340
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,155	2,075	2,080	66,790	31,325	35,465
In the labour force	2,530	1,325	1,200	39,560	19,455	20,105
Employed	2,350	1,225	1,125	36,030	17,635	18,390
Unemployed	175	100	75	3,535	1,820	1,710
Not in the labour force	1,625	745	880	27,225	11,865	15,355
Participation rate	60.9	63.9	57.7	59.2	62.1	56.7
Employment rate	56.6	59.0	54.1	53.9	56.3	51.9
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.5	6.2	8.9	9.4	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,155	2,075	2,080	66,785	31,325	35,465
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,500	710	790	25,935	11,225	14,710
Worked	2,655	1,365	1,290	40,850	20,100	20,755
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,485	800	685	19,505	10,365	9,140
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,170	565	605	21,355	9,735	11,615
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.1	43.1	42.5	42.7	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,530	1,330	1,205	39,560	19,455	20,105
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	1,110	555	550
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,485	1,305	1,180	38,450	18,900	19,550
Employee	2,040	1,025	1,015	34,730	16,720	18,005
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	440	275	165	3,725	2,180	1,545
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,525	1,325	1,200	39,560	19,455	20,105
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	1,110	555	555
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,480	1,305	1,180	38,450	18,900	19,555
0 Management occupations	340	220	120	3,295	1,825	1,465
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	285	45	245	4,680	1,260	3,420
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	75	20	2,380	1,855	525
3 Health occupations	195	20	175	3,320	620	2,705
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	165	30	135	5,525	1,900	3,625
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	15	25	1,285	610	680
6 Sales and service occupations	450	160	295	11,160	4,890	6,275
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	595	540	50	4,690	4,375	310
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	125	95	35	520	415	110
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	190	110	85	1,590	1,155	435
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,530	1,330	1,200	39,560	19,455	20,105
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	25	1,110	560	555
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,485	1,305	1,180	38,450	18,900	19,550
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	255	165	90	245	145	100
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	135	125	10
22 Utilities	25	0	20	360	305	55
23 Construction	295	275	15	2,355	2,200	160
31-33 Manufacturing	305	195	115	2,730	2,025	700
41 Wholesale trade	90	55	35	1,030	780	255
44-45 Retail trade	180	75	100	5,410	2,575	2,835
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	180	140	45	1,385	995	390
51 Information and cultural industries	35	25	15	775	405	365
52 Finance and insurance	65	25	40	1,020	380	640
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	10	530	255	280
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	30	25	1,910	1,025	890
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	150	70	80	2,535	1,380	1,155
61 Educational services	100	15	90	3,805	1,330	2,485
62 Health care and social assistance	270	25	250	5,875	1,105	4,775
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	20	10	1,055	530	530
72 Accommodation and food services	165	35	135	3,475	1,500	1,980
81 Other services (except public administration)	125	65	55	1,710	745	965
91 Public administration	120	55	60	2,095	1,105	985
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,350	1,230	1,125	36,030	17,635	18,395
Worked at home	235	135	100	2,275	1,065	1,205
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	60	25	30
No fixed workplace address	460	365	95	3,980	2,810	1,170
Worked at usual place	1,655	725	935	29,715	13,735	15,985
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,655	725	930	29,720	13,730	15,985
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	555	255	295	23,210	9,935	13,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	285	110	175	2,865	1,535	1,335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	820	360	455	3,555	2,205	1,345
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	95	60	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,115	1,085	1,025	33,695	16,540	17,155
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,840	980	860	25,140	12,515	12,625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	155	60	100	2,620	1,185	1,435
Public transit	10	0	10	1,875	745	1,130
Walked	90	30	55	2,945	1,355	1,585
Bicycle	0	0	0	750	540	215
Other method	25	20	0	370	205	165
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,115	1,090	1,030	33,695	16,540	17,155
Less than 15 minutes	625	300	320	15,775	7,180	8,590
15 to 29 minutes	400	145	255	10,745	4,970	5,775
30 to 44 minutes	425	210	210	3,105	1,595	1,510
45 to 59 minutes	385	205	180	1,715	1,090	625
60 minutes and over	290	225	65	2,360	1,705	650
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,115	1,090	1,030	33,695	16,545	17,155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	225	150	75	1,710	1,215	490
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	525	320	205	5,135	3,120	2,020
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	460	230	230	8,175	4,005	4,170
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	365	120	250	8,810	3,385	5,420
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	135	45	95	3,735	1,620	2,120
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	400	230	175	6,140	3,200	2,940
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,765	1,430	1,330	42,250	20,760	21,490
Single responses	2,755	1,430	1,325	42,060	20,700	21,355
Official languages	2,755	1,430	1,325	41,985	20,660	21,325
English	2,740	1,425	1,315	41,780	20,600	21,175
French	15	0	10	205	60	145
Non-official languages	0	0	0	75	40	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	195	60	130
English and French	0	10	0	130	50	85
English and non-official language	10	0	0	55	10	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,765	1,430	1,330	42,255	20,760	21,490
None	2,695	1,400	1,295	41,230	20,355	20,875
English	15	0	15	185	55	130
French	20	0	20	530	205	320
Non-official language	35	35	10	300	145	160
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	35	30	10	290	145	145
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,860	2,405	2,450	77,725	36,880	40,840
Non-movers	4,375	2,195	2,185	64,970	30,725	34,245
Movers	485	215	270	12,755	6,160	6,595
Non-migrants	110	50	65	7,840	3,770	4,065
Migrants	375	165	205	4,915	2,385	2,530
Internal migrants	375	165	210	4,395	2,140	2,260
Intraprovincial migrants	355	145	205	4,075	1,945	2,125
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	0	325	195	130
External migrants	0	0	0	520	250	275
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,685	2,335	2,355	74,435	35,210	39,225
Non-movers	3,365	1,690	1,675	42,780	20,130	22,650
Movers	1,320	645	675	31,660	15,080	16,575
Non-migrants	355	185	175	18,015	8,675	9,340
Migrants	965	460	505	13,640	6,410	7,235
Internal migrants	955	455	500	12,245	5,700	6,545
Intraprovincial migrants	875	410	465	11,285	5,240	6,040
Interprovincial migrants	80	50	35	965	460	505
External migrants	0	0	10	1,400	710	690

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. West Elgin, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario and Peterborough, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 26, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Peterborough, City [Census subdivision], Ontario