Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham-Kent, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Chatham-Kent, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]			Kitikmeot, REG Nunavut [Census division]
	Data quality , Chatham-Kent, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Chatham-Kent, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	101,647	...	...	6,543	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	103,671	...	...	6,012	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.0	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,103	...	...	1,870	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	43,026	...	...	1,663	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	41.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,457.90	...	...	443,277.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	101,650	49,540	52,110	6,545	3,365	3,180
0 to 14 years	16,645	8,540	8,100	2,175	1,135	1,040
0 to 4 years	5,245	2,720	2,515	770	400	370
5 to 9 years	5,645	2,840	2,810	740	385	360
10 to 14 years	5,760	2,980	2,775	655	355	305
15 to 64 years	63,590	31,355	32,235	4,085	2,075	2,010
15 to 19 years	6,075	3,065	3,010	565	300	270
20 to 24 years	5,520	2,750	2,770	585	285	295
25 to 29 years	5,100	2,565	2,540	570	290	285
30 to 34 years	5,540	2,660	2,880	470	240	230
35 to 39 years	5,355	2,715	2,645	355	180	175
40 to 44 years	5,555	2,675	2,880	340	170	170
45 to 49 years	6,195	3,080	3,110	390	190	200
50 to 54 years	8,090	3,925	4,170	335	170	165
55 to 59 years	8,555	4,155	4,405	270	140	135
60 to 64 years	7,605	3,770	3,835	195	115	90
65 years and over	21,415	9,645	11,770	285	155	135
65 to 69 years	6,935	3,370	3,565	130	60	65
70 to 74 years	5,015	2,425	2,595	65	40	25
75 to 79 years	3,715	1,715	2,000	55	30	30
80 to 84 years	2,685	1,150	1,530	20	10	10
85 years and over	3,065	980	2,080	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	1,885	690	1,195	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	950	240	710	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	210	50	165	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	17.2	15.5	33.2	33.7	32.7
15 to 64 years	62.6	63.3	61.9	62.4	61.7	63.2
65 years and over	21.1	19.5	22.6	4.4	4.6	4.2
85 years and over	3.0	2.0	4.0	0.2	0.1	0.2
Average age of the population	43.4	42.3	44.5	27.8	27.8	27.9
Median age of the population	45.9	44.6	47.0	24.6	24.3	24.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	43,030	...	...	1,660	...	...
Single-detached house	32,970	...	...	835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,385	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,475	...	...	830	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,295	...	...	185	...	...
Row house	1,475	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	730	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,880	...	...	45	...	...
Other single-attached house	95	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	205	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	43,025	...	...	1,665	...	...
1 person	12,825	...	...	230	...	...
2 persons	16,435	...	...	310	...	...
3 persons	5,830	...	...	260	...	...
4 persons	5,045	...	...	280	...	...
5 or more persons	2,895	...	...	590	...	...
Number of persons in private households	99,380	...	...	6,485	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	3.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	85,005	40,995	44,010	4,375	2,225	2,145
Married or living common law	50,160	25,105	25,050	2,375	1,190	1,180
Married	42,375	21,225	21,150	1,005	510	495
Living common law	7,780	3,880	3,900	1,370	680	685
Not married and not living common law	34,845	15,890	18,955	1,995	1,035	960
Never married	20,075	10,860	9,215	1,720	930	795
Separated	2,840	1,265	1,575	65	30	35
Divorced	5,365	2,390	2,975	60	25	35
Widowed	6,565	1,375	5,190	160	55	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,645	...	...	1,700	...	...
2 persons	16,725	...	...	565	...	...
3 persons	5,670	...	...	455	...	...
4 persons	4,780	...	...	305	...	...
5 or more persons	2,465	...	...	375	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,645	...	...	1,700	...	...
Total couple families	24,680	...	...	1,150	...	...
Married couples	20,795	...	...	465	...	...
Common-law couples	3,890	...	...	680	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,965	...	...	545	...	...
Female parent	3,900	...	...	395	...	...
Male parent	1,060	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,680	...	...	1,150	...	...
Couples without children	13,770	...	...	275	...	...
Couples with children	10,915	...	...	880	...	...
1 child	4,285	...	...	285	...	...
2 children	4,315	...	...	250	...	...
3 or more children	2,315	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,960	...	...	545	...	...
1 child	2,955	...	...	290	...	...
2 children	1,390	...	...	165	...	...
3 or more children	615	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,270	7,710	8,565	630	375	255
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	43,025	...	...	1,665	...	...
One-census-family households	28,830	...	...	1,090	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,455	...	...	165	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,370	...	...	930	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	405	...	...	285	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,795	...	...	290	...	...
One-person households	12,825	...	...	230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	970	...	...	60	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	100,685	49,230	51,455	6,525	3,350	3,175
English only	93,000	45,725	47,275	6,345	3,255	3,090
French only	75	35	45	0	0	0
English and French	7,045	3,225	3,820	110	60	45
Neither English nor French	570	245	325	75	35	40
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	100,685	49,230	51,455	6,520	3,345	3,170
English	97,790	47,855	49,930	6,425	3,300	3,125
French	2,245	1,095	1,150	25	15	10
English and French	100	45	60	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	555	240	315	70	30	40
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,295	1,115	1,180	30	20	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.5	0.6	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	100,690	49,235	51,455	6,520	3,350	3,175
Single responses	99,755	48,790	50,965	6,330	3,245	3,090
Official languages	91,370	44,765	46,605	4,320	2,270	2,050
English	88,820	43,545	45,275	4,280	2,245	2,035
French	2,545	1,220	1,330	35	20	15
Non-official languages	8,385	4,030	4,360	2,015	975	1,045
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	1,945	940	1,010
Algonquian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	1,945	935	1,005
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	485	210	270
Inuktitut	0	0	0	1,445	715	730
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,370	4,020	4,350	70	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	70	55	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	120	65	50	5	5	5
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	55	35	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	215	100	110	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	215	100	110	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	30	100	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	25	80	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	40	35	0	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	20	5	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,175	3,475	3,700	30	20	15
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	855	365	490	5	5	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	840	360	485	5	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	140	60	80	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Polish	375	160	215	5	5	0
Russian	45	15	30	0	0	5
Serbian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	80	35	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,345	2,105	2,245	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	1,170	520	650	0	0	0
Frisian	30	15	20	5	0	0
German	2,975	1,490	1,485	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	130	50	75	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	135	60	70	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	375	190	180	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	340	170	165	10	5	0
Bengali	20	10	10	5	5	0
Gujarati	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hindi	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	140	65	75	5	5	5
Iranian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,445	735	710	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	470	250	220	0	0	0
Portuguese	610	305	305	0	0	0
Romanian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Spanish	300	150	145	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	5	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	50	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	20	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	255	125	125	10	0	5
Chinese languages	240	120	120	10	0	5
Cantonese	85	40	50	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	110	60	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	15	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	10	0	0	5
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	155	65	90	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	145	65	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	935	440	490	190	105	85
English and French	360	175	185	0	0	0
English and non-official language	540	255	285	185	100	85
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	100,685	49,230	51,455	6,525	3,345	3,170
Single responses	99,365	48,615	50,745	6,470	3,325	3,150
Official languages	96,065	46,990	49,075	5,760	2,950	2,810
English	95,490	46,730	48,760	5,760	2,945	2,810
French	575	255	315	5	5	5
Non-official languages	3,295	1,625	1,670	705	370	335
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	685	360	325
Algonquian languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	680	360	325
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	100	45	60
Inuktitut	0	0	0	570	310	260
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,295	1,625	1,670	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	10	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	150	70	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	145	70	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	15	20	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	20	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,710	1,340	1,365	5	0	5
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	80	100	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	80	100	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	115	55	60	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,670	845	830	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	25	40	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	1,530	785	750	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	250	130	120	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	225	115	110	5	0	0
Bengali	10	5	10	0	5	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	105	55	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	555	265	295	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	115	55	65	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	115	135	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	175	90	85	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	40	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	15	5	0	5
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	25	30	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	45	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,330	620	705	50	25	25
English and French	205	100	105	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,080	510	570	55	25	30
French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	5	30	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	100,690	49,235	51,455	6,520	3,350	3,175
None	94,575	46,350	48,225	3,435	1,790	1,650
English	1,685	835	845	465	250	210
French	1,770	770	1,000	15	10	5
Non-official language	2,605	1,250	1,355	2,605	1,300	1,305
Aboriginal	90	35	55	2,565	1,280	1,285
Non-Aboriginal	2,515	1,215	1,300	35	20	15
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,195	2,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,280	39,155	41,120	4,035	2,035	2,005
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,923	36,562	26,054	23,315	22,605	23,712
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,295	39,155	41,135	4,035	2,030	2,005
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,446	33,086	24,484	23,035	22,304	23,336
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,535	35,240	35,300	3,360	1,755	1,610
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,555	33,797	22,074	18,731	20,288	16,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,875	27,955	32,915	3,975	1,995	1,975
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,365	8,131	8,542	3,732	1,478	6,732
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,300	29,995	27,300	3,260	1,695	1,560
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,264	31,980	23,310	17,933	20,368	15,328
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,200	2,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,250	39,180	41,065	4,035	2,035	2,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,059	44,989	33,401	42,213	43,013	41,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	80,275	39,180	41,095	4,035	2,030	2,005
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,598	38,047	29,356	36,580	36,728	36,430
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,545	35,335	35,210	3,365	1,755	1,610
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,490	42,930	30,027	42,038	44,005	39,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,640	27,680	32,955	3,970	1,995	1,975
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,238	8,876	9,543	7,279	5,122	9,454
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,300	29,915	27,385	3,255	1,695	1,565
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,197	39,922	30,034	41,406	43,697	38,921
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,200	2,130
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	26,125	15,010	11,115	1,045	565	485
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,156	50,769	41,637	83,763	82,133	85,376
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,749	58,515	47,312	83,696	85,376	81,747
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.3	86.1	77.3	83.1	88.2	77.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.9	68.3	60.5	79.1	84.6	73.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.7	13.9	22.7	17.0	11.7	22.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,195	2,125
Without total income	2,480	1,045	1,440	290	165	125
With total income	80,280	39,155	41,125	4,035	2,030	2,005
Percentage with total income	97.0	97.4	96.6	93.3	92.5	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,810	4,575	6,235	1,025	625	400
$10,000 to $19,999	15,025	5,800	9,225	765	325	445
$20,000 to $29,999	13,280	5,605	7,675	590	245	345
$30,000 to $39,999	11,035	5,415	5,620	340	170	170
$40,000 to $49,999	8,940	4,695	4,245	190	95	100
$50,000 to $59,999	6,210	3,555	2,660	140	65	75
$60,000 to $69,999	4,245	2,600	1,650	105	60	50
$70,000 to $79,999	2,975	1,865	1,115	105	50	55
$80,000 to $89,999	2,150	1,330	815	115	65	45
$90,000 to $99,999	1,765	1,010	755	105	50	55
$100,000 and over	3,840	2,710	1,135	555	290	260
$100,000 to $149,999	2,810	1,920	890	405	190	215
$150,000 and over	1,030	785	245	145	95	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,200	2,125
Without after-tax income	2,465	1,040	1,425	290	165	125
With after-tax income	80,295	39,155	41,135	4,035	2,030	2,005
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.4	96.7	93.3	92.3	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,165	4,685	6,485	1,030	625	405
$10,000 to $19,999	15,710	6,105	9,605	775	335	445
$20,000 to $29,999	15,450	6,745	8,705	615	260	360
$30,000 to $39,999	12,845	6,430	6,420	350	175	175
$40,000 to $49,999	9,305	5,175	4,130	220	100	110
$50,000 to $59,999	5,705	3,485	2,220	160	85	70
$60,000 to $69,999	3,625	2,305	1,320	145	70	75
$70,000 to $79,999	2,535	1,495	1,035	140	70	70
$80,000 and over	3,960	2,735	1,220	600	315	290
$80,000 to $89,999	1,495	945	550	150	70	75
$90,000 to $99,999	820	580	240	135	55	75
$100,000 and over	1,640	1,215	430	320	185	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,195	2,130
Without employment income	25,460	10,200	15,255	1,070	500	565
With employment income	57,300	29,995	27,300	3,255	1,695	1,560
Percentage with employment income	69.2	74.6	64.1	75.3	77.2	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,805	5,650	5,155	895	420	480
$5,000 to $9,999	4,935	2,195	2,735	350	175	175
$10,000 to $19,999	7,845	3,355	4,490	455	245	210
$20,000 to $29,999	6,870	3,145	3,725	255	150	105
$30,000 to $39,999	6,575	3,200	3,375	175	110	70
$40,000 to $49,999	5,390	2,935	2,465	135	75	60
$50,000 to $59,999	4,100	2,480	1,615	95	40	55
$60,000 to $69,999	2,815	1,780	1,035	100	60	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,110	1,370	745	95	45	45
$80,000 and over	5,855	3,890	1,965	700	370	330
$80,000 to $89,999	1,555	975	575	105	55	50
$90,000 to $99,999	1,525	835	685	100	50	55
$100,000 and over	2,775	2,080	700	495	265	225
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	43,025	...	...	1,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,264	...	...	77,397	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,719	...	...	70,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,825	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,432	...	...	65,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,191	...	...	56,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,205	...	...	1,435	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,339	...	...	78,677	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,442	...	...	73,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	43,025	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,849	...	...	102,422	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,686	...	...	88,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,795	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,347	...	...	74,768	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,431	...	...	61,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,230	...	...	1,435	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,876	...	...	106,838	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,492	...	...	93,055	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	43,025	...	...	1,665	...	...
Under $5,000	440	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	615	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,675	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,960	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,420	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,035	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,330	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,370	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,365	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,135	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,820	...	...	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,305	...	...	110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,925	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,595	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,120	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,915	...	...	665	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,880	...	...	150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,375	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,295	...	...	170	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,365	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,025	...	...	1,665	...	...
Under $5,000	480	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	630	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,715	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,020	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,735	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,305	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,600	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,765	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,605	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,420	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,395	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,670	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,180	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,525	...	...	95	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,130	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,840	...	...	585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,310	...	...	180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,700	...	...	120	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,830	...	...	280	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	29,525	...	...	1,415	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,485	...	...	77,312	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,549	...	...	71,680	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,255	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,763	...	...	159,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,943	...	...	131,328	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,030	...	...	845	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,225	...	...	90,112	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,763	...	...	83,115	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,705	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,275	...	...	47,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,520	...	...	45,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	29,515	...	...	1,415	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,122	...	...	105,519	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,647	...	...	91,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,190	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,664	...	...	153,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,258	...	...	125,810	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,075	...	...	845	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,451	...	...	117,017	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,199	...	...	102,435	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,680	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,386	...	...	58,592	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,827	...	...	53,562	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,855	7,040	7,810	300	190	110
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,014	30,202	26,511	54,656	44,672	70,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,067	27,536	24,962	50,112	42,368	62,336
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,825	7,025	7,800	300	190	110
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,984	37,110	34,969	69,945	65,087	78,547
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,323	31,853	30,845	58,212	54,121	65,456
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	99,380	48,730	50,650	6,485	3,325	3,160
In the bottom half of the distribution	57,990	27,740	30,255	3,985	2,010	1,975
In the bottom decile	10,440	5,055	5,375	990	490	505
In the second decile	12,600	5,555	7,045	1,120	555	565
In the third decile	12,715	6,075	6,640	760	390	370
In the fourth decile	11,575	5,730	5,845	555	280	275
In the fifth decile	10,670	5,325	5,345	555	290	265
In the top half of the distribution	41,390	20,985	20,400	2,505	1,315	1,185
In the sixth decile	9,830	4,955	4,880	470	255	215
In the seventh decile	9,240	4,655	4,590	370	205	165
In the eighth decile	8,795	4,515	4,275	430	225	200
In the ninth decile	7,895	3,970	3,930	480	245	235
In the top decile	5,625	2,900	2,730	760	390	370
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	99,385	48,725	50,650	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	20,250	10,340	9,910	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	6,350	3,250	3,100	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	59,430	29,215	30,220	0	0	0
65 years and over	19,695	9,170	10,530	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	16,910	7,780	9,130	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	4,520	2,305	2,210	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,740	885	860	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,775	4,505	5,270	0	0	0
65 years and over	2,615	965	1,645	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	16.0	18.0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	22.3	22.3	22.3	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	27.4	27.2	27.7	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	16.4	15.4	17.4	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	13.3	10.5	15.6	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,740	3,370	3,370	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,490	795	700	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	610	320	290	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,900	2,440	2,460	0	0	0
65 years and over	345	135	210	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.8	6.9	6.7	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	7.4	7.7	7.1	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	9.8	9.4	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	8.2	8.4	8.1	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.5	2.0	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	99,380	48,730	50,655	6,485	3,325	3,160
Official languages	98,885	48,515	50,370	6,415	3,295	3,120
English	98,790	48,480	50,310	6,415	3,295	3,125
French	7,080	3,170	3,910	110	60	45
Non-official languages	9,650	4,615	5,035	3,840	1,920	1,920
Aboriginal languages	130	40	90	3,730	1,855	1,875
Algonquian languages	120	35	85	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	105	30	75	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	105	30	75	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	3,725	1,855	1,870
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,120	515	610
Inuktitut	0	0	0	2,630	1,355	1,275
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iroquoian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,515	4,570	4,940	125	70	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	200	100	95	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	200	100	95	0	0	10
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	155	85	70	0	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	90	85	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	170	90	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	185	40	145	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	10	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	30	135	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	60	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	10	0	0
Tamil	70	35	35	0	0	0
Telugu	40	20	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,025	3,925	4,100	60	40	25
Albanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	930	405	520	15	10	0
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	910	400	515	10	10	0
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Czech	130	60	70	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	405	180	225	0	0	0
Russian	85	25	55	10	10	0
Serbian	75	40	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	60	30	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	25	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,680	2,285	2,395	30	15	10
Afrikaans	15	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	1,285	585	700	0	0	0
Frisian	75	25	50	0	0	0
German	3,120	1,600	1,515	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	175	75	105	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	255	105	155	0	0	0
Greek	140	75	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	470	220	250	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	440	205	240	10	0	0
Bengali	45	15	30	0	10	0
Gujarati	55	20	35	0	0	0
Hindi	155	65	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	30	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	180	95	85	0	10	0
Iranian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,930	1,035	895	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	580	320	265	0	0	0
Portuguese	705	350	360	0	0	0
Romanian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Spanish	645	355	290	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	20	35	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	40	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	30	30	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	10	0	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	210	75	130	25	10	15
American Sign Language	115	55	65	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	25	70	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	300	155	145	15	10	0
Chinese languages	275	145	135	15	10	0
Cantonese	120	55	65	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	85	65	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	75	20	50	0	0	0
Lao	30	10	20	0	0	0
Thai	40	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	155	70	85	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	135	65	65	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	99,385	48,730	50,655	6,485	3,330	3,160
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	97,495	47,930	49,565	6,460	3,310	3,150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,960	10,280	9,675	2,485	1,305	1,180
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	77,530	37,645	39,885	3,975	2,005	1,970
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,890	800	1,090	25	15	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	99,380	48,730	50,650	6,485	3,325	3,160
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	90,410	44,670	45,735	6,390	3,265	3,120
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,620	3,895	4,730	90	55	35
Before 1981	4,675	2,120	2,555	30	15	10
1981 to 1990	1,135	480	655	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	1,055	515	535	15	10	0
2001 to 2010	1,100	475	625	25	15	10
2001 to 2005	585	245	345	15	10	0
2006 to 2010	515	235	280	10	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	660	300	355	15	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	350	165	185	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,625	3,890	4,730	95	60	40
Under 5 years	1,500	665	840	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	2,200	1,040	1,160	15	10	10
15 to 24 years	2,015	840	1,175	20	10	10
25 to 44 years	2,565	1,210	1,355	45	30	15
45 years and over	345	145	200	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,620	3,890	4,725	95	55	35
Americas	2,665	1,170	1,500	20	15	10
Brazil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	45	25	25	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	135	95	45	0	0	0
Mexico	1,345	645	700	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	60	35	25	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	865	290	575	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	135	55	85	10	0	0
Europe	4,540	2,110	2,430	20	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	65	35	30	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	230	90	135	10	10	0
Greece	65	40	30	0	0	0
Hungary	80	35	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Italy	320	175	145	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,130	530	605	0	0	0
Poland	280	110	170	10	0	0
Portugal	450	230	220	0	0	0
Romania	60	35	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	20	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,195	480	715	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	470	255	210	0	0	0
Africa	155	70	85	15	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	10	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	30	40	10	10	0
Asia	1,235	530	705	35	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	190	80	115	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	10	0	0	10
India	240	120	120	0	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	20	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	35	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	25	25	0	0	0
Philippines	170	40	130	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	135	75	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	190	70	120	15	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	655	300	355	15	10	10
Americas	370	175	200	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	50	35	15	0	0	0
Mexico	225	95	135	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	40	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	50	25	25	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	15	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	10	0
Asia	225	90	135	10	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	85	45	40	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	10	35	0	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	99,380	48,725	50,650	6,485	3,325	3,160
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,310	4,220	5,095	100	60	40
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15,625	7,685	7,940	110	65	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	74,440	36,825	37,615	6,270	3,200	3,075
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,090	1,855	2,235	65	40	25
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,415	730	690	30	20	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	505	360	145	20	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	915	365	545	15	10	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,860	755	1,110	30	10	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	705	340	365	10	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	110	35	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	99,380	48,725	50,650	6,485	3,325	3,160
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,680	1,660	2,025	5,960	3,010	2,945
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,610	1,630	1,980	5,945	3,005	2,940
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,060	880	1,175	20	10	15
Métis	1,530	735	795	30	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	10	5,900	2,985	2,915
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	20	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	95,700	47,075	48,625	530	315	210
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	99,385	48,730	50,650	6,485	3,325	3,160
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,430	590	835	25	10	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	97,955	48,140	49,815	6,465	3,315	3,145
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	99,385	48,730	50,650	6,485	3,325	3,160
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	895	415	480	5,070	2,580	2,495
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	890	410	475	5,010	2,550	2,465
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	750	335	410	20	10	15
Métis single ancestry	140	75	70	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	4,985	2,540	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	60	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	45	20	20
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,375	2,110	2,260	850	420	430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,280	2,070	2,210	770	385	390
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,815	1,365	1,450	50	25	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,435	690	745	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	20	720	355	370
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	90	45	50	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	45	50	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	60	30	35
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	94,110	46,200	47,915	560	330	230
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	99,385	48,730	50,650	6,485	3,330	3,160
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,530	2,305	2,225	80	40	35
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	630	295	330	10	10	10
Chinese	355	155	200	15	0	0
Black	2,125	1,205	925	25	15	10
Filipino	235	70	165	10	0	10
Latin American	200	90	110	10	0	0
Arab	170	95	75	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	300	130	170	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	10	15	10	0	0
Korean	145	85	60	0	0	0
Japanese	95	50	45	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	110	40	70	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	150	80	75	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	94,850	46,420	48,430	6,405	3,285	3,125
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	99,385	48,725	50,655	6,485	3,330	3,160
North American Aboriginal origins	5,270	2,530	2,740	5,920	2,995	2,925
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,665	1,750	1,915	175	85	90
Inuit	35	15	15	5,845	2,950	2,890
Métis	1,675	810	865	40	20	20
Other North American origins	39,190	19,070	20,115	220	120	105
Acadian	30	20	10	15	10	10
American	1,590	745	840	45	30	25
Canadian	38,275	18,670	19,605	155	85	75
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	30	25	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	45	25	20	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	75,540	36,980	38,560	1,185	635	555
British Isles origins	48,975	23,725	25,250	685	375	305
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	30,895	15,100	15,800	225	125	105
Irish	19,320	8,925	10,395	210	110	105
Manx	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	18,925	9,075	9,850	380	225	155
Welsh	1,705	775	930	30	10	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,690	795	890	25	15	15
French origins	20,390	9,880	10,510	150	85	70
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,385	9,875	10,505	155	85	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	25,865	12,880	12,980	165	90	75
Austrian	225	145	80	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	5,055	2,560	2,500	10	0	0
Dutch	11,390	5,520	5,865	40	20	25
Flemish	140	65	70	0	0	0
Frisian	70	25	40	0	0	0
German	11,280	5,715	5,565	120	65	55
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	230	140	90	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,345	610	735	300	145	160
Danish	370	165	210	205	95	110
Finnish	220	90	135	10	0	0
Icelandic	30	10	20	0	0	10
Norwegian	200	105	95	50	25	25
Swedish	445	200	240	30	15	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	100	50	50	30	15	10
Eastern European origins	8,530	4,240	4,290	90	40	45
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	1,060	550	510	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	535	260	275	0	0	0
Estonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,395	705	695	10	10	10
Latvian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,235	1,075	1,160	20	15	0
Romanian	640	325	315	0	0	0
Russian	770	370	395	25	15	15
Slovak	560	275	290	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,110	1,070	1,040	40	15	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,305	2,685	2,625	35	15	15
Albanian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	180	85	95	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	320	165	155	0	0	0
Italian	2,620	1,350	1,270	20	15	10
Kosovar	0	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Maltese	165	65	100	0	0	0
Montenegrin	20	20	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,305	665	640	10	0	10
Serbian	150	75	80	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Spanish	405	210	195	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	260	120	135	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	225	115	105	40	20	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	110	60	45	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	110	50	60	40	20	20
Caribbean origins	615	390	230	15	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	355	240	115	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	40	35	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	40	25	20	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,240	650	590	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	915	500	415	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	30	15	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	85	40	45	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	1,095	555	540	40	20	20
Central and West African origins	30	15	20	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	15	15	0	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	30	10	15	0	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	10	15	10	0	10
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	25	40	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Zulu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	975	505	470	25	10	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	165	105	60	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	815	400	415	15	10	10
Asian origins	2,475	1,180	1,295	55	30	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	535	285	250	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	10	25	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	355	190	170	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	25	15	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	15	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	655	320	330	15	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	485	235	250	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	45	25	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	65	25	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,305	580	720	35	15	20
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	465	180	280	25	10	10
Filipino	290	105	185	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Japanese	120	60	55	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	160	90	70	0	0	0
Laotian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Thai	55	10	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	225	110	115	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	45	30	20	0	0	0
Australian	35	20	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	43,025	...	...	1,660	...	...
Owner	31,075	...	...	310	...	...
Renter	11,955	...	...	1,350	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	43,025	...	...	1,660	...	...
Condominium	1,065	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	41,955	...	...	1,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	43,025	...	...	1,665	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	3,875	...	...	180	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,845	...	...	700	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,140	...	...	540	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,120	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	43,030	...	...	1,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,620	...	...	910	...	...
5 rooms	5,605	...	...	410	...	...
6 rooms	7,190	...	...	215	...	...
7 rooms	7,465	...	...	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,150	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	43,025	...	...	1,660	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,805	...	...	1,170	...	...
More than 1 person per room	220	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	43,030	...	...	1,660	...	...
Suitable	41,825	...	...	1,040	...	...
Not suitable	1,205	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	43,025	...	...	1,665	...	...
1960 or before	18,305	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,175	...	...	425	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,825	...	...	360	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,755	...	...	365	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,310	...	...	145	...	...
2006 to 2010	995	...	...	195	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	660	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	43,030	...	...	1,660	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	39,760	...	...	1,175	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,265	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	43,025	...	...	1,660	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,790	...	...	1,135	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,800	...	...	485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	435	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	43,025	...	...	1,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,265	...	...	55	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,910	...	...	375	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,885	...	...	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,355	...	...	440	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,420	...	...	265	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,295	...	...	110	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,215	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	1,685	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,500	...	...	1,660	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	32,770	...	...	1,600	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	8,730	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,010	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,695	...	...	310	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.8	...	...	54.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	804	...	...	1,148	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	937	...	...	1,365	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,572	...	...	250,167	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	191,420	...	...	262,035	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,880	...	...	1,355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.9	...	...	90.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	743	...	...	160	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	744	...	...	535	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,195	2,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,870	10,475	9,395	2,430	1,210	1,220
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	24,935	12,210	12,725	485	240	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,960	17,520	20,435	1,405	745	665
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,200	4,615	1,585	490	370	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,765	1,840	925	340	245	95
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,435	2,775	660	150	125	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,335	8,455	12,885	565	230	340
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,040	495	545	35	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,385	3,950	5,435	310	135	175
Bachelor's degree	6,970	2,795	4,175	210	80	130
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	710	300	410	15	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	140	70	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,385	660	725	80	40	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	55	55	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	51,510	25,220	26,290	2,900	1,475	1,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,240	4,755	3,490	1,315	650	665
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,405	7,895	7,505	330	175	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,865	12,575	15,295	1,255	650	600
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,970	2,920	1,050	420	310	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,760	1,145	610	300	215	85
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,215	1,775	435	115	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,495	6,525	9,975	515	205	315
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	645	320	325	30	15	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,750	2,800	3,945	285	125	165
Bachelor's degree	5,050	2,055	3,000	190	70	115
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	510	200	310	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	160	100	60	0	0	0
Master's degree	950	415	540	75	35	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,200	2,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,800	22,680	22,120	2,920	1,450	1,465
Education	2,340	635	1,705	180	50	130
13. Education	2,340	640	1,705	180	50	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	815	355	465	25	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	90	30	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	700	260	435	15	10	10
Humanities	1,525	640	885	45	25	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	90	10	80	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	380	110	265	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	335	135	205	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	60	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	280	170	115	10	0	0
54. History	220	135	85	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	95	10	85	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,405	985	3,425	140	25	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	10	55	20	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	270	120	160	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	2,100	215	1,885	75	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	440	115	330	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	10	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	580	135	445	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	905	395	515	25	15	10
Business, management and public administration	6,510	2,085	4,430	235	75	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	560	95	470	35	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,945	1,990	3,955	200	70	130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	790	475	310	35	25	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	300	155	150	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	185	85	100	0	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	155	140	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	135	90	45	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,025	660	365	20	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	775	545	235	15	10	0
25. Library science	80	0	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	150	95	60	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,015	7,675	340	345	310	30
04. Architecture and related services	180	135	45	10	10	0
14. Engineering	540	465	75	15	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,635	1,500	135	70	60	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,520	1,480	35	170	160	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,445	2,430	20	75	70	0
48. Precision production	1,710	1,670	40	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,875	1,465	410	60	45	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,580	1,235	345	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	300	230	70	55	40	10
Health and related fields	7,580	1,060	6,520	110	30	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	535	300	235	20	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,975	725	6,255	95	15	75
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	35	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,065	1,485	1,575	210	135	75
12. Personal and culinary services	1,560	270	1,295	75	20	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	910	665	240	25	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	525	45	105	95	10
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	51,510	25,220	26,295	2,900	1,475	1,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,645	12,655	10,995	1,645	820	825
Education	1,455	385	1,070	160	45	115
13. Education	1,455	390	1,070	160	45	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	620	270	350	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	65	25	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	535	205	325	20	10	10
Humanities	925	380	550	40	25	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	15	55	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	215	65	145	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	215	60	150	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	30	20	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	180	115	60	10	0	0
54. History	155	80	75	0	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	50	10	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,490	770	2,725	125	20	105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	35	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	245	105	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,720	195	1,525	70	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	395	95	305	10	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	395	70	325	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	660	285	370	25	15	10
Business, management and public administration	5,015	1,535	3,480	220	70	155
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	455	65	390	30	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,555	1,470	3,085	190	60	125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	530	310	220	30	25	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	110	90	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	65	70	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	80	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	55	40	15	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	850	550	300	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	680	480	200	15	10	10
25. Library science	55	0	55	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	50	50	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,765	5,480	285	290	265	30
04. Architecture and related services	150	100	45	10	10	10
14. Engineering	420	360	60	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,230	1,110	120	55	50	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,015	995	20	145	140	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,645	1,640	10	60	55	0
48. Precision production	1,305	1,270	40	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,405	1,045	360	55	40	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,170	865	305	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	235	185	50	50	40	10
Health and related fields	5,535	800	4,740	105	30	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	400	230	170	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,095	545	4,545	85	20	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	25	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,260	1,055	1,210	185	125	65
12. Personal and culinary services	1,145	165	980	70	20	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	670	480	190	20	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	440	400	40	95	90	10
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,195	2,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,800	22,680	22,120	2,920	1,455	1,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	37,960	17,515	20,440	1,405	745	660
Location of study inside Canada	35,685	16,350	19,335	1,350	715	635
Same as province or territory of residence	34,595	15,835	18,765	685	310	375
Different than province or territory of residence	1,085	520	565	665	400	265
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,270	1,165	1,105	55	30	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	830	440	390	15	10	10
Philippines	75	15	60	10	10	10
India	130	70	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	330	185	145	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	20	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	860	430	430	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	51,510	25,220	26,290	2,900	1,470	1,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,650	12,650	10,995	1,645	825	825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	27,865	12,570	15,295	1,255	655	600
Location of study inside Canada	26,410	11,895	14,515	1,205	620	580
Same as province or territory of residence	25,680	11,560	14,120	610	270	345
Different than province or territory of residence	735	335	400	590	355	240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,455	675	780	50	30	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	560	285	275	20	10	10
Philippines	65	15	50	10	0	0
India	115	55	60	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	65	85	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	520	240	285	20	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,200	2,125
In the labour force	49,785	25,955	23,830	2,855	1,490	1,360
Employed	46,040	23,845	22,190	2,055	1,010	1,045
Unemployed	3,745	2,110	1,640	795	480	320
Not in the labour force	32,975	14,245	18,730	1,470	705	765
Participation rate	60.2	64.6	56.0	66.0	67.7	64.0
Employment rate	55.6	59.3	52.1	47.5	45.9	49.2
Unemployment rate	7.5	8.1	6.9	27.8	32.2	23.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	82,760	40,200	42,560	4,325	2,195	2,125
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	30,575	13,130	17,450	1,495	710	785
Worked	52,185	27,070	25,110	2,830	1,485	1,345
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,775	15,440	11,340	1,075	585	490
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25,405	11,630	13,775	1,755	900	855
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.0	42.3	34.6	34.3	35.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	49,785	25,960	23,830	2,855	1,490	1,365
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,140	545	595	335	175	155
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	48,645	25,415	23,235	2,520	1,315	1,205
Employee	42,660	21,535	21,130	2,455	1,275	1,175
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,980	3,880	2,105	65	40	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	49,785	25,955	23,825	2,855	1,490	1,360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,140	545	595	335	180	155
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	48,645	25,415	23,230	2,520	1,315	1,205
0 Management occupations	5,340	3,450	1,885	180	115	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,925	1,505	4,420	310	85	225
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,990	1,595	400	70	55	10
3 Health occupations	3,580	450	3,125	60	10	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,760	1,325	3,435	615	150	465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	770	290	485	70	35	35
6 Sales and service occupations	11,715	4,455	7,265	580	270	315
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,515	7,965	550	520	495	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,070	1,485	585	65	65	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,990	2,905	1,085	45	30	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	49,785	25,955	23,825	2,855	1,490	1,365
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,140	545	595	335	180	155
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	48,645	25,415	23,230	2,520	1,315	1,210
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,785	2,735	1,050	15	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	175	130	45	50	50	0
22 Utilities	995	650	345	60	55	0
23 Construction	3,265	2,885	385	290	245	40
31-33 Manufacturing	6,430	4,825	1,605	30	15	15
41 Wholesale trade	1,815	1,345	475	0	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	5,590	2,505	3,080	300	150	155
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,530	2,010	520	125	100	20
51 Information and cultural industries	750	390	355	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,130	325	800	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	550	270	280	95	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,455	710	745	35	25	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,490	1,260	1,225	65	45	15
61 Educational services	2,945	795	2,150	385	95	285
62 Health care and social assistance	6,125	730	5,390	235	30	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	830	420	415	45	30	15
72 Accommodation and food services	3,370	1,160	2,210	75	15	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,190	1,150	1,040	85	40	45
91 Public administration	2,210	1,105	1,105	610	345	265
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	46,035	23,850	22,190	2,060	1,015	1,045
Worked at home	3,420	2,020	1,400	65	30	35
Worked outside Canada	170	110	55	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,825	3,580	1,250	235	205	30
Worked at usual place	37,620	18,140	19,480	1,755	775	980
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	37,620	18,140	19,475	1,755	770	980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	31,675	14,700	16,980	1,700	730	970
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	25	0	25	30	25	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,865	3,410	2,460	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	55	35	15	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	42,445	21,715	20,725	1,985	985	1,005
Car, truck, van - as a driver	36,495	18,765	17,730	370	270	100
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,675	1,265	1,410	230	100	130
Public transit	440	175	265	10	0	0
Walked	2,090	1,040	1,050	1,250	525	730
Bicycle	370	285	80	0	0	0
Other method	380	190	190	135	85	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	42,445	21,720	20,730	1,985	980	1,005
Less than 15 minutes	20,295	9,470	10,825	1,805	875	935
15 to 29 minutes	12,170	6,245	5,925	140	70	70
30 to 44 minutes	5,900	3,190	2,710	15	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	2,000	1,325	680	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	2,075	1,490	590	20	20	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	42,440	21,715	20,730	1,990	985	1,005
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,420	2,280	1,135	10	10	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,650	5,630	3,020	75	50	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,300	6,020	5,280	285	225	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,855	2,700	5,155	1,085	465	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,850	1,405	2,445	280	135	150
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,370	3,685	3,690	250	90	160
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	53,690	27,790	25,900	2,895	1,505	1,390
Single responses	53,490	27,685	25,800	2,885	1,505	1,385
Official languages	53,350	27,625	25,720	2,700	1,445	1,260
English	52,940	27,510	25,430	2,705	1,440	1,265
French	410	115	295	0	0	0
Non-official languages	140	60	80	180	60	120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	180	60	120
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	180	60	120
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Inuktitut	0	0	0	155	55	100
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	60	80	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	35	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	200	100	95	15	10	10
English and French	100	40	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	100	60	40	15	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	53,685	27,790	25,900	2,900	1,505	1,395
None	52,155	27,110	25,040	1,850	1,010	840
English	285	100	185	150	45	105
French	590	245	340	15	10	0
Non-official language	645	330	315	885	435	450
Aboriginal	30	0	25	885	435	450
Non-Aboriginal	615	325	295	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	98,390	48,175	50,210	6,355	3,250	3,100
Non-movers	88,420	43,340	45,085	5,605	2,865	2,740
Movers	9,960	4,840	5,125	745	390	360
Non-migrants	6,690	3,230	3,465	525	265	255
Migrants	3,275	1,610	1,665	225	120	100
Internal migrants	2,930	1,475	1,455	215	115	100
Intraprovincial migrants	2,675	1,330	1,345	85	45	40
Interprovincial migrants	250	145	110	125	65	60
External migrants	345	135	205	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	94,145	45,915	48,230	5,715	2,930	2,790
Non-movers	65,835	32,395	33,440	3,600	1,865	1,735
Movers	28,310	13,515	14,790	2,120	1,060	1,060
Non-migrants	19,530	9,340	10,185	1,600	790	810
Migrants	8,780	4,175	4,610	515	270	250
Internal migrants	7,905	3,785	4,120	505	265	240
Intraprovincial migrants	7,090	3,435	3,655	195	105	95
Interprovincial migrants	815	350	465	305	155	145
External migrants	875	390	490	15	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Chatham-Kent, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, REG [Census division], Nunavut (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham-Kent, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

Census Profile, 2016 Census Chatham-Kent, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham-Kent, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut