Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Leamington, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]			Kitikmeot, REG Nunavut [Census division]
	Data quality , Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	27,595	...	...	6,543	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	28,403	...	...	6,012	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.8	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,726	...	...	1,870	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,995	...	...	1,663	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	105.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	262.01	...	...	443,277.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	27,595	13,780	13,815	6,545	3,365	3,180
0 to 14 years	5,000	2,650	2,350	2,175	1,135	1,040
0 to 4 years	1,645	850	795	770	400	370
5 to 9 years	1,675	915	760	740	385	360
10 to 14 years	1,680	885	795	655	355	305
15 to 64 years	17,325	8,820	8,505	4,085	2,075	2,010
15 to 19 years	1,745	890	850	565	300	270
20 to 24 years	1,790	925	865	585	285	295
25 to 29 years	1,655	880	775	570	290	285
30 to 34 years	1,590	855	740	470	240	230
35 to 39 years	1,570	795	770	355	180	175
40 to 44 years	1,615	815	800	340	170	170
45 to 49 years	1,730	865	865	390	190	200
50 to 54 years	2,035	1,030	1,010	335	170	165
55 to 59 years	1,960	965	990	270	140	135
60 to 64 years	1,635	800	840	195	115	90
65 years and over	5,275	2,315	2,960	285	155	135
65 to 69 years	1,535	755	775	130	60	65
70 to 74 years	1,150	555	600	65	40	25
75 to 79 years	875	375	500	55	30	30
80 to 84 years	785	330	450	20	10	10
85 years and over	930	300	630	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	565	200	365	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	290	80	210	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	65	15	50	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.1	19.2	17.0	33.2	33.7	32.7
15 to 64 years	62.8	64.0	61.6	62.4	61.7	63.2
65 years and over	19.1	16.8	21.4	4.4	4.6	4.2
85 years and over	3.4	2.2	4.6	0.2	0.1	0.2
Average age of the population	41.3	39.7	42.9	27.8	27.8	27.9
Median age of the population	41.3	39.4	43.5	24.6	24.3	24.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,995	...	...	1,660	...	...
Single-detached house	6,560	...	...	835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	530	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,885	...	...	830	...	...
Semi-detached house	865	...	...	185	...	...
Row house	750	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	300	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	955	...	...	45	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
1 person	2,580	...	...	230	...	...
2 persons	3,475	...	...	310	...	...
3 persons	1,450	...	...	260	...	...
4 persons	1,295	...	...	280	...	...
5 or more persons	1,200	...	...	590	...	...
Number of persons in private households	25,955	...	...	6,485	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	22,595	11,135	11,465	4,375	2,225	2,145
Married or living common law	13,145	6,750	6,395	2,375	1,190	1,180
Married	11,835	6,095	5,735	1,005	510	495
Living common law	1,315	655	660	1,370	680	685
Not married and not living common law	9,450	4,385	5,065	1,995	1,035	960
Never married	5,765	3,235	2,530	1,720	930	795
Separated	675	285	390	65	30	35
Divorced	1,260	520	740	60	25	35
Widowed	1,750	340	1,405	160	55	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	7,315	...	...	1,700	...	...
2 persons	3,630	...	...	565	...	...
3 persons	1,430	...	...	455	...	...
4 persons	1,255	...	...	305	...	...
5 or more persons	995	...	...	375	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	7,310	...	...	1,700	...	...
Total couple families	6,140	...	...	1,150	...	...
Married couples	5,485	...	...	465	...	...
Common-law couples	655	...	...	680	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,170	...	...	545	...	...
Female parent	945	...	...	395	...	...
Male parent	230	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,140	...	...	1,150	...	...
Couples without children	2,945	...	...	275	...	...
Couples with children	3,195	...	...	880	...	...
1 child	1,105	...	...	285	...	...
2 children	1,135	...	...	250	...	...
3 or more children	960	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,170	...	...	545	...	...
1 child	685	...	...	290	...	...
2 children	325	...	...	165	...	...
3 or more children	165	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,730	1,725	2,005	630	375	255
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
One-census-family households	6,990	...	...	1,090	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,810	...	...	165	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,185	...	...	930	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	155	...	...	285	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,850	...	...	290	...	...
One-person households	2,580	...	...	230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	270	...	...	60	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	27,070	13,575	13,495	6,525	3,350	3,175
English only	24,070	12,100	11,970	6,345	3,255	3,090
French only	20	0	15	0	0	0
English and French	1,655	735	920	110	60	45
Neither English nor French	1,330	735	595	75	35	40
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	27,070	13,575	13,490	6,520	3,345	3,170
English	25,310	12,645	12,660	6,425	3,300	3,125
French	325	140	185	25	15	10
English and French	130	60	65	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	1,310	725	585	70	30	40
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	390	175	215	30	20	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.6	0.5	0.6	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	27,070	13,580	13,495	6,520	3,350	3,175
Single responses	26,525	13,315	13,205	6,330	3,245	3,090
Official languages	17,120	8,580	8,545	4,320	2,270	2,050
English	16,775	8,425	8,350	4,280	2,245	2,035
French	350	150	195	35	20	15
Non-official languages	9,400	4,735	4,660	2,015	975	1,045
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	1,945	940	1,010
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	1,945	935	1,005
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	485	210	270
Inuktitut	0	0	0	1,445	715	730
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,400	4,735	4,660	70	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	785	395	385	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	785	395	390	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	765	385	375	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	60	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	40	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	75	105	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	10	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125	60	70	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,765	3,925	3,840	30	20	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	235	95	135	5	5	0
Baltic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	230	90	135	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	60	25	35	5	5	0
Russian	20	5	15	0	0	5
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	70	25	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,540	2,210	2,325	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	90	40	45	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	4,430	2,155	2,275	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	30	35	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	55	30	30	10	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,910	1,570	1,335	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	590	285	305	0	0	0
Portuguese	945	460	485	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,355	825	535	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	95	100	10	0	5
Chinese languages	80	35	45	10	0	5
Cantonese	20	10	15	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	5	15	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	115	65	50	0	0	5
Burmese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	105	60	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	225	120	105	0	0	0
Lao	75	35	40	0	0	0
Thai	150	85	70	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	20	30	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	550	265	290	190	105	85
English and French	65	35	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	440	210	230	185	100	85
French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	27,070	13,580	13,495	6,525	3,345	3,170
Single responses	25,940	13,035	12,905	6,470	3,325	3,150
Official languages	21,100	10,525	10,575	5,760	2,950	2,810
English	21,020	10,485	10,535	5,760	2,945	2,810
French	80	35	40	5	5	5
Non-official languages	4,845	2,515	2,330	705	370	335
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	685	360	325
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	680	360	325
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	100	45	60
Inuktitut	0	0	0	570	310	260
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,840	2,515	2,325	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	405	195	215	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	190	210	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	390	185	205	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	35	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	90	45	45	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	35	30	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,855	2,005	1,845	5	0	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	30	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,945	965	985	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,850	915	935	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	90	45	45	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Gujarati	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,800	990	805	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	215	90	125	0	0	0
Portuguese	485	215	260	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	1,090	680	415	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	85	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages	65	30	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	5	10	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	5	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	100	55	40	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	185	110	80	0	0	0
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	130	80	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,130	535	590	50	25	25
English and French	60	25	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,045	500	545	55	25	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	27,070	13,575	13,495	6,520	3,350	3,175
None	22,100	11,125	10,975	3,435	1,790	1,650
English	1,730	870	860	465	250	210
French	320	125	190	15	10	5
Non-official language	2,855	1,420	1,440	2,605	1,300	1,305
Aboriginal	5	0	5	2,565	1,280	1,285
Non-Aboriginal	2,855	1,420	1,435	35	20	15
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	20,980	10,225	10,755	4,325	2,195	2,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,245	9,915	10,330	4,035	2,035	2,005
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,900	37,967	24,103	23,315	22,605	23,712
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,255	9,915	10,335	4,035	2,030	2,005
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,548	34,180	22,743	23,035	22,304	23,336
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,645	9,040	8,605	3,360	1,755	1,610
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,290	35,305	20,259	18,731	20,288	16,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,525	7,080	8,445	3,975	1,995	1,975
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,293	5,292	8,393	3,732	1,478	6,732
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,665	8,015	6,655	3,260	1,695	1,560
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,332	31,817	21,266	17,933	20,368	15,328
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	20,980	10,225	10,755	4,325	2,200	2,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,220	9,975	10,245	4,035	2,035	2,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,276	47,151	31,612	42,213	43,013	41,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,240	9,975	10,260	4,035	2,030	2,005
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,342	39,202	27,646	36,580	36,728	36,430
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,550	9,030	8,520	3,365	1,755	1,610
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,559	45,889	28,729	42,038	44,005	39,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,510	7,120	8,390	3,970	1,995	1,975
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,707	7,843	9,440	7,279	5,122	9,454
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,670	8,005	6,660	3,255	1,695	1,565
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,638	39,361	28,960	41,406	43,697	38,921
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	20,975	10,225	10,755	4,325	2,200	2,130
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,395	3,865	2,530	1,045	565	485
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,144	47,778	37,581	83,763	82,133	85,376
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,039	56,205	43,151	83,696	85,376	81,747
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.7	88.1	74.6	83.1	88.2	77.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.4	67.6	57.2	79.1	84.6	73.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.3	11.8	25.4	17.0	11.7	22.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	20,980	10,225	10,755	4,325	2,195	2,125
Without total income	735	310	420	290	165	125
With total income	20,245	9,910	10,335	4,035	2,030	2,005
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.9	96.1	93.3	92.5	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,835	1,120	1,720	1,025	625	400
$10,000 to $19,999	3,960	1,445	2,520	765	325	445
$20,000 to $29,999	3,360	1,330	2,030	590	245	345
$30,000 to $39,999	2,830	1,320	1,505	340	170	170
$40,000 to $49,999	2,355	1,355	1,000	190	95	100
$50,000 to $59,999	1,555	975	580	140	65	75
$60,000 to $69,999	1,030	710	320	105	60	50
$70,000 to $79,999	660	480	175	105	50	55
$80,000 to $89,999	440	320	125	115	65	45
$90,000 to $99,999	360	210	150	105	50	55
$100,000 and over	860	645	215	555	290	260
$100,000 to $149,999	555	405	155	405	190	215
$150,000 and over	300	240	60	145	95	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	20,980	10,220	10,755	4,325	2,200	2,125
Without after-tax income	730	310	415	290	165	125
With after-tax income	20,255	9,910	10,340	4,035	2,030	2,005
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	97.0	96.1	93.3	92.3	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,920	1,140	1,780	1,030	625	405
$10,000 to $19,999	4,170	1,525	2,650	775	335	445
$20,000 to $29,999	3,955	1,650	2,305	615	260	360
$30,000 to $39,999	3,255	1,660	1,600	350	175	175
$40,000 to $49,999	2,365	1,420	940	220	100	110
$50,000 to $59,999	1,425	985	440	160	85	70
$60,000 to $69,999	750	550	205	145	70	75
$70,000 to $79,999	540	355	190	140	70	70
$80,000 and over	865	640	230	600	315	290
$80,000 to $89,999	270	180	90	150	70	75
$90,000 to $99,999	170	125	45	135	55	75
$100,000 and over	425	330	100	320	185	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	20,980	10,225	10,755	4,325	2,195	2,130
Without employment income	6,310	2,210	4,100	1,070	500	565
With employment income	14,670	8,010	6,655	3,255	1,695	1,560
Percentage with employment income	69.9	78.3	61.9	75.3	77.2	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,755	1,500	1,260	895	420	480
$5,000 to $9,999	1,255	525	730	350	175	175
$10,000 to $19,999	2,090	915	1,180	455	245	210
$20,000 to $29,999	2,010	905	1,100	255	150	105
$30,000 to $39,999	1,795	940	855	175	110	70
$40,000 to $49,999	1,490	875	615	135	75	60
$50,000 to $59,999	1,000	675	325	95	40	55
$60,000 to $69,999	645	480	160	100	60	35
$70,000 to $79,999	470	370	105	95	45	45
$80,000 and over	1,155	830	325	700	370	330
$80,000 to $89,999	320	230	90	105	55	50
$90,000 to $99,999	295	180	115	100	50	55
$100,000 and over	540	420	115	495	265	225
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,313	...	...	77,397	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,187	...	...	70,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,585	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,856	...	...	65,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,856	...	...	56,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,410	...	...	1,435	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,951	...	...	78,677	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,314	...	...	73,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,995	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,466	...	...	102,422	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,503	...	...	88,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,570	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,033	...	...	74,768	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,861	...	...	61,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,425	...	...	1,435	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,474	...	...	106,838	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,158	...	...	93,055	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	115	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	245	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	345	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	465	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	475	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	545	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	475	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	470	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	520	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	990	...	...	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	895	...	...	110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	795	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	660	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	500	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,375	...	...	665	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	955	...	...	150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	520	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	495	...	...	170	...	...
$200,000 and over	405	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
Under $5,000	120	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	115	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	245	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	365	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	520	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	565	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	595	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	530	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	605	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	595	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,160	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	940	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	850	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	595	...	...	95	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	505	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,675	...	...	585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	755	...	...	180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	410	...	...	120	...	...
$150,000 and over	505	...	...	280	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	7,235	...	...	1,415	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,591	...	...	77,312	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,984	...	...	71,680	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,755	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,713	...	...	159,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	131,328	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,210	...	...	845	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,512	...	...	90,112	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,312	...	...	83,115	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,552	...	...	47,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,587	...	...	45,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	7,240	...	...	1,415	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,207	...	...	105,519	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,820	...	...	91,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,765	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,685	...	...	153,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,731	...	...	125,810	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,210	...	...	845	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,461	...	...	117,017	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,481	...	...	102,435	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,090	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,559	...	...	58,592	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,884	...	...	53,562	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,260	1,515	1,745	300	190	110
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,131	32,512	28,843	54,656	44,672	70,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,840	29,349	26,667	50,112	42,368	62,336
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,235	1,495	1,740	300	190	110
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,002	39,243	35,080	69,945	65,087	78,547
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,228	33,666	30,995	58,212	54,121	65,456
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	25,955	12,860	13,095	6,485	3,325	3,160
In the bottom half of the distribution	15,850	7,655	8,200	3,985	2,010	1,975
In the bottom decile	2,490	1,180	1,315	990	490	505
In the second decile	3,565	1,640	1,920	1,120	555	565
In the third decile	3,780	1,830	1,955	760	390	370
In the fourth decile	3,135	1,545	1,590	555	280	275
In the fifth decile	2,885	1,460	1,425	555	290	265
In the top half of the distribution	10,100	5,210	4,895	2,505	1,315	1,185
In the sixth decile	2,610	1,335	1,280	470	255	215
In the seventh decile	2,470	1,280	1,185	370	205	165
In the eighth decile	1,985	1,025	960	430	225	200
In the ninth decile	1,640	850	785	480	245	235
In the top decile	1,405	720	685	760	390	370
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	25,955	12,860	13,095	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	6,035	3,195	2,835	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,945	1,015	930	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15,300	7,580	7,720	0	0	0
65 years and over	4,625	2,085	2,535	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,160	1,900	2,255	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,355	705	650	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	560	305	255	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,195	985	1,215	0	0	0
65 years and over	600	210	390	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	14.8	17.2	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	22.5	22.1	22.9	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	28.8	30.0	27.4	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	14.3	13.0	15.7	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	13.0	10.1	15.4	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,715	830	885	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	480	260	225	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	190	110	80	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	1,140	535	600	0	0	0
65 years and over	95	35	60	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.6	6.5	6.8	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	8.1	7.9	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	10.8	8.6	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.1	7.8	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.7	2.4	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	25,955	12,860	13,095	6,485	3,325	3,160
Official languages	25,115	12,450	12,665	6,415	3,295	3,120
English	25,110	12,450	12,660	6,415	3,295	3,125
French	1,720	675	1,050	110	60	45
Non-official languages	10,145	5,065	5,080	3,840	1,920	1,920
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,730	1,855	1,875
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	3,725	1,855	1,870
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,120	515	610
Inuktitut	0	0	0	2,630	1,355	1,275
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,145	5,065	5,080	125	70	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,105	555	550	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,100	555	545	0	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	1,085	545	540	0	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	35	25	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	140	80	55	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	80	50	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	185	75	105	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	175	80	100	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,195	4,110	4,085	60	40	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	225	100	120	15	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	220	100	120	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Serbian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,985	2,490	2,495	30	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	15	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,765	2,400	2,365	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	420	200	215	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	45	40	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	45	30	15	10	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	10	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iranian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	10	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,225	1,665	1,555	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	680	330	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,140	575	570	0	0	0
Romanian	55	15	40	0	0	0
Spanish	1,415	785	635	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	25	25	10	15
American Sign Language	15	0	15	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	110	125	15	10	0
Chinese languages	75	35	45	15	10	0
Cantonese	15	10	10	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	20	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	155	75	80	10	0	10
Burmese	55	25	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	145	70	75	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	205	90	110	0	0	0
Lao	85	40	45	0	0	0
Thai	155	70	85	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	100	55	45	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	25,955	12,860	13,095	6,485	3,330	3,160
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	24,285	11,995	12,290	6,460	3,310	3,150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,850	3,095	2,755	2,485	1,305	1,180
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	18,435	8,900	9,530	3,975	2,005	1,970
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,675	865	805	25	15	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	25,955	12,860	13,090	6,485	3,325	3,160
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	18,685	9,210	9,475	6,390	3,265	3,120
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,810	3,385	3,420	90	55	35
Before 1981	2,645	1,270	1,375	30	15	10
1981 to 1990	1,280	630	650	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	1,300	685	620	15	10	0
2001 to 2010	1,075	515	560	25	15	10
2001 to 2005	430	220	210	15	10	0
2006 to 2010	640	295	345	10	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	510	295	215	15	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	455	260	200	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,810	3,390	3,420	95	60	40
Under 5 years	955	470	485	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	1,650	835	810	15	10	10
15 to 24 years	1,870	925	945	20	10	10
25 to 44 years	1,975	980	995	45	30	15
45 years and over	365	180	175	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,810	3,390	3,420	95	55	35
Americas	3,375	1,700	1,675	20	15	10
Brazil	30	15	20	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	95	15	80	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	75	45	25	0	0	0
Mexico	2,525	1,270	1,250	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	240	105	135	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	400	240	160	10	0	0
Europe	2,070	1,005	1,065	20	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	80	25	50	0	0	0
France	20	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	140	70	65	10	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Italy	460	230	230	0	0	0
Netherlands	50	15	35	0	0	0
Poland	15	10	10	10	0	0
Portugal	775	400	375	0	0	0
Romania	80	15	65	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	20	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	65	50	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	190	80	105	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	95	50	50	0	0	0
Africa	30	10	20	15	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	10	10	10	0
Asia	1,325	670	655	35	15	15
Afghanistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	25	20	0	0	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Iraq	140	80	60	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	525	285	240	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	105	50	55	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	55	25	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	380	170	205	15	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	505	295	215	15	10	10
Americas	325	200	125	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	30	20	0	0	0
Mexico	205	120	80	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	10	0	0	0
Europe	35	15	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	15	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	10	0
Asia	145	80	70	10	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	50	30	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	10	0	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	30	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	25,955	12,860	13,095	6,485	3,325	3,160
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	7,425	3,720	3,700	100	60	40
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,695	3,855	3,840	110	65	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	10,830	5,280	5,550	6,270	3,200	3,075
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,275	2,180	2,100	65	40	25
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	955	520	430	30	20	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	300	220	80	20	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	650	300	350	15	10	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,175	1,065	1,110	30	10	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	915	470	440	10	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	240	120	110	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	25,955	12,860	13,095	6,485	3,325	3,160
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	455	260	195	5,960	3,010	2,945
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	420	240	180	5,945	3,005	2,940
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	270	150	125	20	10	15
Métis	150	90	60	30	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	5,900	2,985	2,915
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	10	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	25,500	12,600	12,900	530	315	210
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	25,955	12,860	13,095	6,485	3,325	3,160
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	150	80	70	25	10	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25,805	12,780	13,025	6,465	3,315	3,145
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	25,955	12,860	13,095	6,485	3,325	3,160
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	50	20	30	5,070	2,580	2,495
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	50	20	30	5,010	2,550	2,465
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	40	10	30	20	10	15
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	4,985	2,540	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	60	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	45	20	20
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	670	310	360	850	420	430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	670	310	365	770	385	390
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	460	205	255	50	25	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	210	100	110	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	720	355	370
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	60	30	35
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	25,235	12,535	12,700	560	330	230
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	25,955	12,860	13,090	6,485	3,330	3,160
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,145	1,585	1,560	80	40	35
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	70	40	25	10	10	10
Chinese	70	40	40	15	0	0
Black	425	240	185	25	15	10
Filipino	230	110	125	10	0	10
Latin American	835	410	425	10	0	0
Arab	720	370	350	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	615	300	315	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	30	35	10	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	22,815	11,275	11,535	6,405	3,285	3,125
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	25,955	12,865	13,095	6,485	3,330	3,160
North American Aboriginal origins	720	325	390	5,920	2,995	2,925
First Nations (North American Indian)	500	220	280	175	85	90
Inuit	0	0	0	5,845	2,950	2,890
Métis	215	105	115	40	20	20
Other North American origins	6,110	2,990	3,125	220	120	105
Acadian	0	10	0	15	10	10
American	240	125	115	45	30	25
Canadian	5,925	2,895	3,035	155	85	75
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	19,390	9,570	9,820	1,185	635	555
British Isles origins	7,280	3,470	3,815	685	375	305
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,665	2,200	2,465	225	125	105
Irish	2,565	1,140	1,430	210	110	105
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,665	1,240	1,425	380	225	155
Welsh	145	95	50	30	10	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	315	135	170	25	15	15
French origins	3,060	1,465	1,595	150	85	70
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,060	1,465	1,595	155	85	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,745	4,430	4,315	165	90	75
Austrian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	315	135	175	10	0	0
Dutch	1,370	670	700	40	20	25
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	7,440	3,825	3,615	120	65	55
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	55	15	35	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	300	125	170	300	145	160
Danish	60	25	30	205	95	110
Finnish	60	20	35	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Norwegian	95	50	45	50	25	25
Swedish	60	15	45	30	15	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	15	20	30	15	10
Eastern European origins	3,095	1,525	1,575	90	40	45
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	70	30	40	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	410	180	230	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	550	260	285	20	15	0
Romanian	190	80	105	0	0	0
Russian	1,170	600	565	25	15	15
Slovak	135	50	90	0	0	0
Ukrainian	930	505	425	40	15	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,975	1,985	1,985	35	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	100	45	50	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	40	40	0	0	0
Italian	1,660	815	845	20	15	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,680	890	790	10	0	10
Serbian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Spanish	325	115	205	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	185	95	95	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	30	15	15	40	20	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	10	40	20	20
Caribbean origins	275	140	130	15	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	180	90	90	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	15	0	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,925	1,035	890	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	60	40	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Honduran	130	90	35	0	0	0
Maya	60	40	15	0	0	0
Mexican	1,395	760	635	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	120	25	90	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	50	25	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	50	30	20	0	0	0
African origins	135	70	70	40	20	20
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	35	10	20	0	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	10	20	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	10	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	85	50	40	25	10	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	85	50	35	15	10	10
Asian origins	2,835	1,400	1,435	55	30	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,840	915	920	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Iraqi	195	90	100	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,520	770	745	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	10	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	55	35	15	15	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	40	30	10	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	955	450	500	35	15	20
Burmese	120	60	65	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	120	65	50	0	0	0
Chinese	125	50	70	25	10	10
Filipino	220	95	125	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Karen	70	35	35	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Laotian	110	60	55	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	235	105	125	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	50	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,995	...	...	1,660	...	...
Owner	6,900	...	...	310	...	...
Renter	3,095	...	...	1,350	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,995	...	...	1,660	...	...
Condominium	375	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	9,625	...	...	1,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,020	...	...	180	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,245	...	...	700	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,595	...	...	540	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,125	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,725	...	...	910	...	...
5 rooms	1,415	...	...	410	...	...
6 rooms	1,615	...	...	215	...	...
7 rooms	1,490	...	...	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,755	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,995	...	...	1,660	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,795	...	...	1,170	...	...
More than 1 person per room	200	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,995	...	...	1,660	...	...
Suitable	9,415	...	...	1,040	...	...
Not suitable	580	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
1960 or before	3,290	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,900	...	...	425	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,015	...	...	360	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,545	...	...	365	...	...
2001 to 2005	740	...	...	145	...	...
2006 to 2010	345	...	...	195	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	165	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,995	...	...	1,660	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	9,450	...	...	1,175	...	...
Major repairs needed	545	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,995	...	...	1,660	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,135	...	...	1,135	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,590	...	...	485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	265	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,995	...	...	1,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	290	...	...	55	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,200	...	...	375	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,495	...	...	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,910	...	...	440	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,015	...	...	265	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,650	...	...	110	...	...
75 to 84 years	950	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	485	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,785	...	...	1,660	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,700	...	...	1,600	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,085	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,905	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,710	...	...	310	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.4	...	...	54.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.3	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	925	...	...	1,148	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,038	...	...	1,365	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	190,095	...	...	250,167	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	228,319	...	...	262,035	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,085	...	...	1,355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.1	...	...	90.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	816	...	...	160	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	836	...	...	535	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	20,980	10,225	10,755	4,325	2,195	2,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,625	3,910	3,710	2,430	1,210	1,220
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,095	3,020	3,080	485	240	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,260	3,300	3,960	1,405	745	665
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,310	1,005	305	490	370	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	650	465	185	340	245	95
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	665	545	120	150	125	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,810	1,425	2,385	565	230	340
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	260	95	165	35	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,875	775	1,100	310	135	175
Bachelor's degree	1,330	520	810	210	80	130
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	50	90	15	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	35	15	10	0	10
Master's degree	310	145	170	80	40	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	30	15	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	13,025	6,385	6,640	2,900	1,475	1,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,955	2,110	1,845	1,315	650	665
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,780	1,915	1,860	330	175	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,295	2,365	2,930	1,255	650	600
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	870	685	185	420	310	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	460	345	110	300	215	85
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	415	340	75	115	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,885	1,065	1,820	515	205	315
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	45	110	30	15	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,385	570	815	285	125	165
Bachelor's degree	990	400	590	190	70	115
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	25	70	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	10	0	0	0
Master's degree	240	105	135	75	35	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	20,980	10,220	10,755	4,325	2,200	2,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,720	6,925	6,795	2,920	1,450	1,465
Education	435	95	340	180	50	130
13. Education	435	95	345	180	50	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185	65	120	25	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	25	20	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	145	40	105	15	10	10
Humanities	275	100	175	45	25	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	10	10	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	10	40	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	50	55	10	0	0
54. History	25	0	15	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	700	155	545	140	25	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	20	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	30	20	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	240	10	235	75	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	90	15	80	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	80	20	60	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	200	80	120	25	15	10
Business, management and public administration	1,365	425	945	235	75	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	25	100	35	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,235	400	835	200	70	130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	110	110	35	25	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	35	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	20	45	0	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	25	20	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	110	85	20	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	95	70	15	10	0
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,670	1,550	120	345	310	30
04. Architecture and related services	40	20	20	10	10	0
14. Engineering	165	135	25	15	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	380	330	50	70	60	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	350	345	10	170	160	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	470	455	10	75	70	0
48. Precision production	270	270	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	220	85	60	45	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	255	195	55	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	25	30	55	40	10
Health and related fields	1,295	185	1,110	110	30	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	20	50	20	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,220	155	1,065	95	15	75
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	605	280	325	210	135	75
12. Personal and culinary services	355	70	290	75	20	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	120	90	35	25	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	125	0	105	95	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	13,030	6,390	6,640	2,900	1,475	1,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,730	4,025	3,705	1,645	820	825
Education	255	45	210	160	45	115
13. Education	255	45	215	160	45	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	115	35	85	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	10	15	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	95	20	75	20	10	10
Humanities	190	70	120	40	25	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	15	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	0	30	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	40	35	10	0	0
54. History	20	0	15	0	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	555	110	445	125	20	105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	25	20	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	215	0	210	70	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	80	10	75	10	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	55	15	40	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	130	55	80	25	15	10
Business, management and public administration	1,000	310	695	220	70	155
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	20	75	30	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	900	290	615	190	60	125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	75	85	30	25	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	30	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	25	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	20	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	15	15	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	155	80	70	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	75	55	15	10	10
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,230	1,125	110	290	265	30
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	15	10	10	10
14. Engineering	135	105	30	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	285	235	50	55	50	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	230	225	10	145	140	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	330	325	0	60	55	0
48. Precision production	215	215	0	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	150	80	55	40	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	185	130	55	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	15	20	50	40	10
Health and related fields	910	130	785	105	30	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	15	40	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	855	110	745	85	20	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	490	235	255	185	125	65
12. Personal and culinary services	285	55	230	70	20	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	60	25	20	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	115	0	95	90	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	20,975	10,220	10,755	4,325	2,195	2,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,720	6,925	6,795	2,920	1,455	1,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,260	3,295	3,960	1,405	745	660
Location of study inside Canada	6,460	2,900	3,560	1,350	715	635
Same as province or territory of residence	6,210	2,810	3,405	685	310	375
Different than province or territory of residence	245	90	155	665	400	265
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	800	400	400	55	30	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	195	95	100	15	10	10
Philippines	110	50	65	10	10	10
India	20	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	30	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	405	210	200	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	13,025	6,385	6,640	2,900	1,470	1,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,730	4,025	3,705	1,645	825	825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,295	2,360	2,930	1,255	655	600
Location of study inside Canada	4,720	2,080	2,640	1,205	620	580
Same as province or territory of residence	4,560	2,010	2,550	610	270	345
Different than province or territory of residence	155	70	85	590	355	240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	575	285	290	50	30	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	65	50	20	10	10
Philippines	75	35	40	10	0	0
India	20	15	10	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	330	155	175	20	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	20,980	10,225	10,755	4,325	2,200	2,125
In the labour force	12,360	6,750	5,605	2,855	1,490	1,360
Employed	11,615	6,425	5,185	2,055	1,010	1,045
Unemployed	740	330	415	795	480	320
Not in the labour force	8,620	3,470	5,145	1,470	705	765
Participation rate	58.9	66.0	52.1	66.0	67.7	64.0
Employment rate	55.4	62.8	48.2	47.5	45.9	49.2
Unemployment rate	6.0	4.9	7.4	27.8	32.2	23.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	20,980	10,225	10,755	4,325	2,195	2,125
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	8,105	3,290	4,815	1,495	710	785
Worked	12,875	6,935	5,940	2,830	1,485	1,345
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,545	3,985	2,560	1,075	585	490
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,330	2,950	3,380	1,755	900	855
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.6	41.8	34.6	34.3	35.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	12,355	6,750	5,605	2,855	1,490	1,365
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	115	145	335	175	155
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	12,100	6,635	5,460	2,520	1,315	1,205
Employee	10,820	5,775	5,045	2,455	1,275	1,175
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,280	860	420	65	40	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	12,355	6,755	5,610	2,855	1,490	1,360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	115	145	335	180	155
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	12,100	6,635	5,460	2,520	1,315	1,205
0 Management occupations	1,230	850	380	180	115	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,435	430	1,000	310	85	225
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	365	285	80	70	55	10
3 Health occupations	575	80	495	60	10	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	770	145	625	615	150	465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	175	50	125	70	35	35
6 Sales and service occupations	2,555	960	1,595	580	270	315
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,435	2,305	130	520	495	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,030	655	380	65	65	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,525	880	645	45	30	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	12,360	6,755	5,605	2,855	1,490	1,365
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	115	145	335	180	155
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	12,095	6,635	5,465	2,520	1,315	1,210
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,050	1,280	770	15	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	50	50	0
22 Utilities	50	35	10	60	55	0
23 Construction	960	885	75	290	245	40
31-33 Manufacturing	2,105	1,465	645	30	15	15
41 Wholesale trade	600	355	240	0	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	1,225	460	765	300	150	155
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	670	545	125	125	100	20
51 Information and cultural industries	95	55	35	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	225	80	145	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	85	55	95	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	390	175	210	35	25	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	330	190	135	65	45	15
61 Educational services	540	90	450	385	95	285
62 Health care and social assistance	1,020	140	885	235	30	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	65	70	45	30	15
72 Accommodation and food services	835	315	520	75	15	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	505	290	215	85	40	45
91 Public administration	210	105	100	610	345	265
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	11,615	6,420	5,190	2,060	1,015	1,045
Worked at home	755	395	360	65	30	35
Worked outside Canada	70	45	25	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,270	1,025	250	235	205	30
Worked at usual place	9,520	4,965	4,555	1,755	775	980
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	9,520	4,965	4,555	1,755	770	980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,930	2,840	3,090	1,700	730	970
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,005	1,820	1,180	30	25	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	555	295	260	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	20	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	10,790	5,985	4,805	1,985	985	1,005
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,730	4,890	3,840	370	270	100
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,180	590	590	230	100	130
Public transit	70	10	55	10	0	0
Walked	545	295	250	1,250	525	730
Bicycle	145	120	25	0	0	0
Other method	125	80	45	135	85	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,790	5,985	4,810	1,985	980	1,005
Less than 15 minutes	5,965	3,070	2,890	1,805	875	935
15 to 29 minutes	2,670	1,475	1,190	140	70	70
30 to 44 minutes	935	630	305	15	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	930	605	320	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	290	195	95	20	20	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	10,790	5,985	4,805	1,990	985	1,005
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,320	905	420	10	10	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,345	1,600	745	75	50	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,855	1,535	1,315	285	225	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,585	610	970	1,085	465	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	845	265	580	280	135	150
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,840	1,075	765	250	90	160
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	13,380	7,175	6,205	2,895	1,505	1,390
Single responses	13,190	7,075	6,115	2,885	1,505	1,385
Official languages	12,890	6,870	6,015	2,700	1,445	1,260
English	12,845	6,870	5,980	2,705	1,440	1,265
French	40	0	40	0	0	0
Non-official languages	305	205	100	180	60	120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	180	60	120
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	180	60	120
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Inuktitut	0	0	0	155	55	100
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	305	205	100	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	260	185	80	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	70	40	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	50	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	115	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	130	110	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	190	100	90	15	10	10
English and French	25	15	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	155	90	70	15	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	13,380	7,175	6,205	2,900	1,505	1,395
None	12,065	6,410	5,655	1,850	1,010	840
English	180	95	80	150	45	105
French	135	65	70	15	10	0
Non-official language	975	585	390	885	435	450
Aboriginal	0	0	0	885	435	450
Non-Aboriginal	975	585	390	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	25,595	12,680	12,915	6,355	3,250	3,100
Non-movers	22,310	11,005	11,305	5,605	2,865	2,740
Movers	3,285	1,675	1,610	745	390	360
Non-migrants	1,895	905	990	525	265	255
Migrants	1,390	770	625	225	120	100
Internal migrants	1,165	625	545	215	115	100
Intraprovincial migrants	1,030	560	470	85	45	40
Interprovincial migrants	135	65	70	125	65	60
External migrants	225	145	80	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	24,255	11,960	12,295	5,715	2,930	2,790
Non-movers	16,200	7,985	8,220	3,600	1,865	1,735
Movers	8,055	3,980	4,075	2,120	1,060	1,060
Non-migrants	4,560	2,170	2,390	1,600	790	810
Migrants	3,495	1,810	1,685	515	270	250
Internal migrants	2,810	1,430	1,380	505	265	240
Intraprovincial migrants	2,570	1,290	1,280	195	105	95
Interprovincial migrants	245	140	105	305	155	145
External migrants	685	380	305	15	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Leamington, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, REG [Census division], Nunavut (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

Census Profile, 2016 Census Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut