Census Profile, 2016 Census
Essex, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Parklands [Economic region], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Essex, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Parklands Manitoba [Economic region]
	Data quality , Essex, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Essex, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Parklands [Economic region], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,427	...	...	41,674	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	19,600	...	...	42,088	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.2	...	...	-1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,694	...	...	21,551	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,080	...	...	17,757	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	73.5	...	...	1.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	277.97	...	...	28,227.36	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,430	10,135	10,290	41,675	20,325	21,355
0 to 14 years	3,095	1,640	1,465	7,570	3,800	3,775
0 to 4 years	905	485	425	2,425	1,220	1,205
5 to 9 years	1,030	570	460	2,645	1,325	1,315
10 to 14 years	1,160	585	575	2,505	1,250	1,260
15 to 64 years	13,295	6,635	6,660	24,395	12,090	12,305
15 to 19 years	1,255	645	610	2,505	1,295	1,210
20 to 24 years	1,170	605	565	2,080	1,055	1,020
25 to 29 years	975	485	490	2,075	1,065	1,015
30 to 34 years	985	485	500	2,025	990	1,035
35 to 39 years	1,060	525	535	2,075	990	1,085
40 to 44 years	1,365	685	680	2,130	1,055	1,070
45 to 49 years	1,410	710	700	2,390	1,130	1,255
50 to 54 years	1,775	860	920	2,855	1,395	1,450
55 to 59 years	1,730	880	845	3,160	1,550	1,615
60 to 64 years	1,575	760	815	3,105	1,565	1,535
65 years and over	4,035	1,865	2,165	9,710	4,440	5,270
65 to 69 years	1,415	710	705	2,765	1,360	1,400
70 to 74 years	995	470	520	2,270	1,120	1,150
75 to 79 years	655	310	345	1,710	795	915
80 to 84 years	455	195	255	1,320	575	745
85 years and over	520	175	345	1,635	585	1,055
85 to 89 years	305	125	180	945	365	580
90 to 94 years	180	40	140	515	180	335
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	150	35	120
100 years and over	5	0	5	20	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.1	16.2	14.2	18.2	18.7	17.7
15 to 64 years	65.1	65.5	64.7	58.5	59.5	57.6
65 years and over	19.8	18.4	21.0	23.3	21.8	24.7
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.4	3.9	2.9	4.9
Average age of the population	43.5	42.5	44.6	43.6	42.6	44.6
Median age of the population	46.1	45.0	47.2	45.8	44.6	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
Single-detached house	6,770	...	...	14,800	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	45	...	...	80	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	835	...	...	2,070	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...	275	...	...
Row house	290	...	...	270	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	70	...	...	170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	410	...	...	1,305	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	50	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	430	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,080	...	...	17,760	...	...
1 person	2,105	...	...	5,855	...	...
2 persons	3,030	...	...	6,650	...	...
3 persons	1,260	...	...	2,040	...	...
4 persons	1,060	...	...	1,845	...	...
5 or more persons	625	...	...	1,375	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,575	...	...	40,310	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	17,330	8,500	8,825	34,100	16,525	17,575
Married or living common law	10,485	5,245	5,235	20,045	10,035	10,010
Married	9,055	4,535	4,510	16,775	8,405	8,365
Living common law	1,430	705	725	3,265	1,630	1,635
Not married and not living common law	6,850	3,255	3,590	14,060	6,490	7,570
Never married	4,100	2,270	1,830	8,235	4,625	3,610
Separated	520	235	285	730	305	425
Divorced	1,090	505	585	1,835	905	925
Widowed	1,140	245	890	3,265	660	2,610
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,950	...	...	11,645	...	...
2 persons	3,165	...	...	6,800	...	...
3 persons	1,265	...	...	1,975	...	...
4 persons	1,015	...	...	1,710	...	...
5 or more persons	505	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,950	...	...	11,650	...	...
Total couple families	5,065	...	...	9,745	...	...
Married couples	4,345	...	...	8,110	...	...
Common-law couples	715	...	...	1,635	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	885	...	...	1,905	...	...
Female parent	685	...	...	1,530	...	...
Male parent	195	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,065	...	...	9,745	...	...
Couples without children	2,610	...	...	5,735	...	...
Couples with children	2,450	...	...	4,010	...	...
1 child	1,010	...	...	1,490	...	...
2 children	955	...	...	1,495	...	...
3 or more children	490	...	...	1,025	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	880	...	...	1,905	...	...
1 child	550	...	...	1,070	...	...
2 children	255	...	...	485	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,700	1,275	1,430	7,575	3,725	3,850
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,080	...	...	17,760	...	...
One-census-family households	5,715	...	...	11,290	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,515	...	...	5,630	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,200	...	...	5,665	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	115	...	...	175	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,250	...	...	6,290	...	...
One-person households	2,105	...	...	5,850	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	145	...	...	435	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	20,250	10,050	10,195	40,980	20,065	20,915
English only	18,820	9,420	9,395	38,935	19,120	19,810
French only	5	5	5	15	5	10
English and French	1,345	580	765	1,970	910	1,060
Neither English nor French	75	45	25	60	30	30
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	20,250	10,050	10,195	40,980	20,065	20,915
English	19,775	9,815	9,960	40,180	19,680	20,495
French	380	185	190	715	340	375
English and French	20	10	15	30	15	15
Neither English nor French	70	40	25	55	30	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	390	185	200	735	350	380
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.9	1.8	2.0	1.8	1.7	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	20,250	10,050	10,195	40,975	20,065	20,910
Single responses	20,080	9,975	10,105	40,385	19,795	20,590
Official languages	18,750	9,320	9,435	36,055	17,795	18,250
English	18,275	9,090	9,185	35,215	17,410	17,805
French	475	230	250	835	390	445
Non-official languages	1,330	660	670	4,330	1,995	2,335
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	715	325	390
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	695	315	375
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	90	35	55
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	5	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	80	35	45
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	605	280	325
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	605	275	325
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,325	660	670	3,615	1,665	1,950
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	20	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	30	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	25	15	5	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	15	255	120	130
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	215	105	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Creole languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	25	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,165	575	595	3,135	1,435	1,705
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	240	110	130	2,170	960	1,215
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	240	110	130	2,170	960	1,210
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	15	5	0	0	5
Czech	10	0	5	40	20	15
Macedonian	30	15	15	0	0	5
Polish	45	20	30	75	35	35
Russian	10	0	5	60	25	30
Serbian	30	20	10	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	65	30	35	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	1,980	860	1,120
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	340	160	180	810	405	410
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	10
Danish	5	5	5	20	10	5
Dutch	70	40	35	65	30	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	260	115	140	680	345	335
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	55	30	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	5	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	5	15	5	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	10	5	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	560	290	270	90	35	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	105	50	55	0	5	0
Portuguese	335	170	160	10	5	10
Romanian	30	15	20	25	5	15
Spanish	95	55	35	55	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	10	75	40	40
Chinese languages	20	10	10	75	40	35
Cantonese	5	5	5	20	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	35	25	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	5	0	5
Hungarian	45	30	20	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	165	75	90	595	275	325
English and French	65	30	45	90	45	45
English and non-official language	85	45	45	500	230	275
French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	20,250	10,050	10,195	40,980	20,065	20,915
Single responses	20,045	9,960	10,085	40,085	19,665	20,420
Official languages	19,670	9,770	9,900	39,250	19,250	19,995
English	19,585	9,725	9,855	39,110	19,175	19,935
French	85	40	45	135	75	60
Non-official languages	375	190	185	840	410	430
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	160	80	80
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	160	75	85
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	145	70	75
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	375	190	185	675	335	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	15	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	5	0	0	10	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	100	55	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	340	175	165	455	220	240
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	30	250	110	140
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	30	30	250	110	140
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	0	5	5	0
Polish	15	5	10	5	0	5
Russian	0	0	5	30	20	15
Serbian	10	5	5	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	210	90	125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	15	25	150	80	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dutch	10	0	5	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	0
German	30	10	20	125	65	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	35	10	20
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	30	15	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	230	120	105	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	65	80	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	65	50	15	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	40	25	20
Chinese languages	15	10	10	40	20	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	5	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	200	90	110	895	400	495
English and French	35	15	25	60	30	25
English and non-official language	165	75	85	830	365	465
French and non-official language	0	0	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	20,250	10,050	10,195	40,980	20,070	20,915
None	19,280	9,615	9,665	38,515	18,955	19,555
English	190	95	95	425	200	220
French	305	125	180	395	175	220
Non-official language	455	215	245	1,625	720	900
Aboriginal	0	0	0	395	180	220
Non-Aboriginal	455	215	245	1,225	545	685
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	5
English and non-official language	0	5	5	10	5	5
French and non-official language	10	10	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,505	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,040	16,720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,890	7,785	8,105	31,680	15,480	16,200
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,715	44,856	27,494	29,078	33,410	26,034
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,900	7,790	8,115	31,685	15,485	16,205
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,409	39,915	25,491	26,706	29,919	24,387
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,430	7,245	7,185	27,990	13,970	14,020
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,722	41,606	23,851	26,108	31,127	22,571
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,640	5,275	6,365	24,450	11,030	13,425
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,116	7,248	7,067	7,902	7,546	8,173
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,015	6,380	5,635	22,920	11,890	11,030
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,855	38,254	25,979	26,934	30,370	24,443
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,500	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,050	16,705
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,930	7,785	8,145	31,720	15,495	16,225
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,189	53,440	35,346	37,143	41,621	32,867
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,935	7,785	8,155	31,735	15,495	16,235
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,467	44,443	30,806	31,486	34,456	28,651
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,445	7,200	7,250	28,005	13,905	14,100
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,728	51,240	32,279	34,342	39,790	28,970
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,805	5,370	6,435	24,320	10,945	13,375
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,580	8,794	8,401	8,900	8,377	9,329
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,015	6,310	5,705	22,920	11,880	11,040
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,099	45,897	33,682	34,569	38,949	29,859
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,505	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,055	16,705
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,610	3,170	2,440	10,735	6,120	4,620
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,946	61,721	43,984	42,426	45,838	39,069
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,770	69,795	51,335	47,876	50,900	43,874
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.9	89.2	81.0	81.9	85.9	77.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.5	71.7	66.2	67.6	71.5	62.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.1	10.8	19.0	18.1	14.1	22.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,505	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,040	16,720
Without total income	615	270	345	1,075	560	515
With total income	15,895	7,785	8,105	31,680	15,485	16,200
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.6	95.9	96.7	96.5	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,005	745	1,265	4,470	2,205	2,265
$10,000 to $19,999	2,525	860	1,665	6,450	2,715	3,740
$20,000 to $29,999	2,275	825	1,440	5,320	2,185	3,135
$30,000 to $39,999	2,025	910	1,110	4,190	1,840	2,350
$40,000 to $49,999	1,935	1,080	855	3,425	1,690	1,735
$50,000 to $59,999	1,330	765	565	2,275	1,305	975
$60,000 to $69,999	990	640	345	1,670	1,035	640
$70,000 to $79,999	695	490	205	1,195	735	460
$80,000 to $89,999	660	450	210	830	465	360
$90,000 to $99,999	480	315	165	515	350	165
$100,000 and over	975	700	275	1,345	960	380
$100,000 to $149,999	720	510	205	1,050	740	310
$150,000 and over	260	195	65	290	225	70
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,505	8,055	8,445	32,760	16,040	16,720
Without after-tax income	600	265	335	1,070	560	510
With after-tax income	15,905	7,785	8,115	31,685	15,480	16,205
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.6	96.1	96.7	96.5	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,080	760	1,325	4,590	2,245	2,345
$10,000 to $19,999	2,640	910	1,730	6,855	2,905	3,950
$20,000 to $29,999	2,670	995	1,675	6,245	2,620	3,630
$30,000 to $39,999	2,500	1,250	1,250	4,950	2,290	2,660
$40,000 to $49,999	2,030	1,160	870	3,475	1,915	1,555
$50,000 to $59,999	1,370	915	450	2,180	1,350	835
$60,000 to $69,999	930	645	280	1,425	830	590
$70,000 to $79,999	685	450	240	805	510	300
$80,000 and over	1,005	710	295	1,165	815	345
$80,000 to $89,999	395	275	115	470	325	140
$90,000 to $99,999	195	130	65	255	175	75
$100,000 and over	415	300	115	440	310	125
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,500	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,040	16,720
Without employment income	4,490	1,675	2,815	9,840	4,150	5,685
With employment income	12,015	6,380	5,635	22,920	11,890	11,030
Percentage with employment income	72.8	79.2	66.7	70.0	74.1	66.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,295	1,330	960	3,930	2,065	1,865
$5,000 to $9,999	855	370	490	2,045	920	1,125
$10,000 to $19,999	1,425	575	850	3,280	1,585	1,695
$20,000 to $29,999	1,310	490	825	3,055	1,310	1,740
$30,000 to $39,999	1,235	535	700	2,670	1,180	1,490
$40,000 to $49,999	1,105	545	565	2,280	1,210	1,065
$50,000 to $59,999	840	475	365	1,495	880	620
$60,000 to $69,999	660	445	220	1,110	700	410
$70,000 to $79,999	610	430	180	940	570	370
$80,000 and over	1,680	1,190	490	2,110	1,470	640
$80,000 to $89,999	510	365	145	645	375	265
$90,000 to $99,999	395	250	150	415	295	120
$100,000 and over	775	580	195	1,050	800	250
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,936	...	...	51,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,411	...	...	46,825	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,105	...	...	5,855	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,686	...	...	25,595	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,341	...	...	24,356	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,975	...	...	11,900	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,202	...	...	69,958	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,645	...	...	62,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,123	...	...	66,352	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,905	...	...	56,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,095	...	...	5,870	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,524	...	...	34,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,831	...	...	30,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,980	...	...	11,890	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,109	...	...	81,835	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,252	...	...	69,134	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	375	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...	360	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	170	...	...	570	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	240	...	...	1,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	320	...	...	1,230	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...	1,005	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	350	...	...	1,060	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	355	...	...	970	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	865	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	375	...	...	845	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	700	...	...	1,425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	650	...	...	1,265	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	585	...	...	1,115	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	545	...	...	935	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	470	...	...	860	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,540	...	...	3,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	905	...	...	1,430	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	615	...	...	900	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	640	...	...	810	...	...
$200,000 and over	375	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,080	...	...	17,760	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	405	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	105	...	...	365	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	175	...	...	590	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	1,355	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	360	...	...	1,360	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	325	...	...	1,110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	410	...	...	1,240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	440	...	...	1,080	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	405	...	...	1,015	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	415	...	...	945	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	860	...	...	1,610	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	740	...	...	1,485	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	680	...	...	1,220	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	565	...	...	960	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	465	...	...	770	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,840	...	...	2,245	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	850	...	...	1,160	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	480	...	...	570	...	...
$150,000 and over	510	...	...	505	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,880	...	...	11,650	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,525	...	...	69,642	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,855	...	...	61,921	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,460	...	...	5,520	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,669	...	...	66,026	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,950	...	...	58,714	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,480	...	...	4,065	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,208	...	...	94,757	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,843	...	...	82,001	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	815	...	...	1,765	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,093	...	...	39,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,475	...	...	38,164	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,890	...	...	11,640	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,016	...	...	81,552	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,112	...	...	68,863	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,450	...	...	5,535	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,944	...	...	77,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,654	...	...	65,412	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,470	...	...	4,045	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,111	...	...	102,308	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,758	...	...	85,555	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	830	...	...	1,790	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,252	...	...	48,867	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,672	...	...	44,283	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,400	1,150	1,245	6,610	3,230	3,380
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,048	40,960	29,568	25,487	27,913	24,329
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,275	36,498	27,557	24,140	25,525	23,409
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,375	1,105	1,275	6,615	3,295	3,320
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,835	46,793	35,658	34,613	36,574	32,665
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,318	39,360	31,804	29,867	30,774	28,966
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	19,575	9,675	9,900	40,310	19,820	20,485
In the bottom half of the distribution	9,245	4,385	4,855	25,780	12,370	13,410
In the bottom decile	1,190	555	630	6,350	3,115	3,235
In the second decile	1,475	610	870	6,385	2,880	3,505
In the third decile	1,980	930	1,055	4,730	2,295	2,435
In the fourth decile	2,265	1,100	1,165	4,315	2,090	2,225
In the fifth decile	2,330	1,190	1,135	4,005	1,985	2,015
In the top half of the distribution	10,330	5,290	5,040	14,530	7,450	7,075
In the sixth decile	2,210	1,115	1,090	3,810	1,950	1,860
In the seventh decile	2,305	1,160	1,145	3,355	1,710	1,645
In the eighth decile	2,135	1,105	1,025	3,185	1,610	1,575
In the ninth decile	2,170	1,125	1,050	2,500	1,295	1,205
In the top decile	1,510	780	735	1,680	885	795
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	19,575	9,675	9,900	37,170	18,330	18,840
0 to 17 years	3,785	1,980	1,805	7,740	3,915	3,825
0 to 5 years	1,120	595	525	2,450	1,240	1,210
18 to 64 years	12,070	5,940	6,130	20,855	10,325	10,530
65 years and over	3,725	1,755	1,970	8,575	4,095	4,480
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,850	810	1,040	7,910	3,725	4,185
0 to 17 years	420	215	205	2,010	1,060	955
0 to 5 years	135	65	65	765	410	355
18 to 64 years	1,085	485	605	3,650	1,735	1,910
65 years and over	340	110	225	2,250	925	1,320
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.5	8.4	10.5	21.3	20.3	22.2
0 to 17 years (%)	11.1	10.9	11.4	26.0	27.1	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.1	10.9	12.4	31.2	33.1	29.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	8.2	9.9	17.5	16.8	18.1
65 years and over (%)	9.1	6.3	11.4	26.2	22.6	29.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	680	340	340	2,315	1,195	1,120
0 to 17 years	125	75	55	595	305	290
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	235	125	110
18 to 64 years	500	245	255	1,535	805	730
65 years and over	50	15	30	185	90	95
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.5	3.5	3.4	6.2	6.5	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.8	3.0	7.7	7.8	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.1	3.4	2.9	9.6	10.1	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.1	4.2	7.4	7.8	6.9
65 years and over (%)	1.3	0.9	1.5	2.2	2.2	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	19,575	9,675	9,900	40,310	19,825	20,490
Official languages	19,550	9,655	9,890	40,275	19,800	20,470
English	19,545	9,660	9,890	40,265	19,805	20,465
French	1,410	560	855	1,965	910	1,050
Non-official languages	1,450	655	790	5,115	2,415	2,700
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,075	480	600
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	1,030	455	575
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	205	75	135
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	195	60	135
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	845	395	450
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	840	395	445
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	40	20	20
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	0	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,445	655	790	4,035	1,935	2,100
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	20	20	10	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	20	0	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	15	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	35	65	285	135	145
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	15	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	25	55	275	135	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	20	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	70	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	95	65	30
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,195	550	645	3,445	1,630	1,815
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	275	125	150	2,345	1,110	1,240
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	275	120	150	2,335	1,105	1,235
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	50	20	25
Macedonian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Polish	50	20	35	40	25	20
Russian	30	15	20	70	35	40
Serbian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	95	35	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	2,190	1,025	1,160
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	350	160	185	880	420	460
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	0	10
Danish	20	10	10	10	0	0
Dutch	125	60	70	65	30	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	210	100	115	770	375	395
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	15	0	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	15	105	55	50
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	90	50	40
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	45	30	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	15	35	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	560	265	290	185	90	95
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	145	65	80	10	10	0
Portuguese	325	160	165	20	15	10
Romanian	15	10	10	30	0	25
Spanish	85	40	50	140	75	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	15	50	20	35
American Sign Language	15	0	15	35	10	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	20	15	65	35	25
Chinese languages	25	15	10	60	35	25
Cantonese	10	10	0	40	25	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	30	15	30	15	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	50	30	15	20	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	19,575	9,680	9,900	40,310	19,820	20,490
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	19,225	9,545	9,680	39,405	19,330	20,075
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,800	2,020	1,780	8,955	4,520	4,435
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,425	7,525	7,900	30,450	14,810	15,640
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	355	130	225	910	495	415
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	19,575	9,680	9,900	40,305	19,820	20,490
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	17,825	8,890	8,940	38,575	19,005	19,570
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,740	780	960	1,620	745	875
Before 1981	1,135	530	605	480	195	275
1981 to 1990	135	65	75	160	80	85
1991 to 2000	190	70	120	160	65	100
2001 to 2010	210	80	130	375	165	205
2001 to 2005	110	50	65	190	75	105
2006 to 2010	105	30	70	185	90	95
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	75	40	35	445	245	200
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	15	10	0	115	70	45
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,740	775	960	1,620	745	875
Under 5 years	265	130	140	215	90	130
5 to 14 years	380	200	180	300	150	155
15 to 24 years	455	165	295	295	135	155
25 to 44 years	575	260	315	670	300	370
45 years and over	60	30	30	135	65	70
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,740	780	960	1,620	745	875
Americas	455	160	295	235	90	140
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	45	20	30	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	380	130	250	195	85	110
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	15	0	15
Europe	1,060	520	535	825	365	460
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	10	10	0	0
Croatia	35	20	15	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	20	0	10
Germany	50	25	20	190	90	100
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	0	15	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	10	10	0
Italy	65	40	30	0	0	0
Netherlands	100	50	50	55	20	35
Poland	55	25	30	75	25	50
Portugal	235	110	125	0	0	0
Romania	40	25	15	10	0	10
Russian Federation	20	10	15	15	0	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	50	20	30	0	0	10
Ukraine	10	0	0	35	10	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	260	125	130	280	135	140
Other places of birth in Europe	110	55	55	115	50	65
Africa	15	10	15	50	30	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	10	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	25	15	10
Asia	200	95	105	505	255	250
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	55	25	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	100	60	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	15	20	15	10	10
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	0	15	35	20	15
Philippines	85	35	50	245	120	125
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	60	30	30
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	75	35	35	445	245	195
Americas	45	20	20	15	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	0	95	60	40
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	30	25	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	10	0	50	25	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	30	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	15	10
Asia	25	15	15	305	165	140
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	70	50	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Philippines	25	10	15	185	90	90
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	19,580	9,680	9,900	40,310	19,820	20,490
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,870	845	1,025	1,810	845	965
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,965	1,465	1,495	4,650	2,130	2,520
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,740	7,365	7,375	33,850	16,850	17,005
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	655	275	385	1,150	555	600
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	290	125	160	870	465	405
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	120	80	45	340	240	100
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	170	50	120	525	225	300
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	295	100	190	255	75	175
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	75	40	35	20	10	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	19,575	9,675	9,900	40,310	19,820	20,485
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	525	260	265	11,070	5,220	5,855
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	520	255	265	10,900	5,150	5,755
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	185	80	100	5,975	2,795	3,175
Métis	330	170	155	4,915	2,345	2,570
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	150	60	90
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	10	0	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	19,055	9,415	9,635	29,235	14,605	14,635
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	19,575	9,675	9,900	40,310	19,825	20,490
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	115	55	55	5,940	2,805	3,135
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,465	9,620	9,840	34,370	17,015	17,355
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	19,575	9,680	9,905	40,310	19,820	20,485
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	65	25	40	5,620	2,655	2,960
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	65	30	40	5,410	2,555	2,855
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	10	20	4,225	1,975	2,250
Métis single ancestry	35	20	15	1,165	575	590
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	205	100	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	210	100	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,050	475	575	4,910	2,280	2,630
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,050	475	570	4,440	2,080	2,360
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	700	305	395	1,430	705	725
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	340	160	180	2,980	1,355	1,625
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	30	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	470	200	270
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	470	200	270
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	18,460	9,175	9,285	29,780	14,885	14,900
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	19,580	9,675	9,900	40,310	19,820	20,490
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	560	260	300	800	400	400
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35	15	15	185	110	70
Chinese	50	30	10	95	45	50
Black	240	120	115	75	40	35
Filipino	135	40	95	300	140	155
Latin American	10	0	10	55	20	30
Arab	20	10	10	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korean	35	15	20	30	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	19,015	9,410	9,605	39,510	19,420	20,085
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	19,580	9,675	9,900	40,305	19,820	20,490
North American Aboriginal origins	1,115	500	615	10,525	4,935	5,590
First Nations (North American Indian)	740	315	420	6,335	2,985	3,355
Inuit	0	0	10	45	20	25
Métis	375	190	195	4,820	2,230	2,595
Other North American origins	7,705	3,835	3,875	9,030	4,485	4,545
Acadian	0	0	0	15	10	0
American	300	140	160	330	170	160
Canadian	7,540	3,750	3,795	8,775	4,360	4,415
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	10	0	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	16,015	7,905	8,110	29,690	14,640	15,050
British Isles origins	10,300	5,020	5,280	15,295	7,435	7,860
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,170	3,060	3,110	9,585	4,625	4,960
Irish	4,085	1,955	2,135	5,775	2,760	3,020
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	3,675	1,795	1,875	7,425	3,530	3,895
Welsh	250	120	125	640	305	340
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	390	165	225	335	140	195
French origins	6,010	2,940	3,070	5,255	2,375	2,875
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,010	2,940	3,065	5,250	2,375	2,875
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,120	2,050	2,070	8,255	4,080	4,170
Austrian	85	50	40	490	280	210
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	400	220	180	675	355	320
Dutch	1,000	505	500	1,130	475	650
Flemish	15	10	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,965	1,440	1,525	6,450	3,180	3,270
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	15
Swiss	75	25	45	130	70	65
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	260	95	165	2,755	1,410	1,335
Danish	70	25	35	350	175	175
Finnish	60	25	35	185	80	100
Icelandic	10	0	10	925	490	435
Norwegian	85	30	55	875	430	445
Swedish	45	15	30	645	310	330
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eastern European origins	2,370	1,120	1,245	13,435	6,705	6,725
Bulgarian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	20	10	220	130	90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	65	35	30	145	85	60
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	500	265	240	245	135	105
Latvian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Lithuanian	35	20	15	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	645	260	390	3,330	1,620	1,710
Romanian	300	155	145	275	125	155
Russian	210	100	110	700	305	390
Slovak	215	105	110	15	15	10
Ukrainian	620	295	325	11,215	5,640	5,575
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins	2,170	1,075	1,090	415	195	220
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	90	45	50	60	25	35
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	20	35	30	10	20
Italian	970	480	490	220	105	115
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Maltese	40	25	20	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	705	365	340	10	0	0
Serbian	70	35	35	15	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	90	40	50	100	50	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	150	70	80	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	70	25	45	55	15	40
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	30	10	20	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	20	20	40	15	25
Caribbean origins	40	10	30	50	25	25
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	10	30	15	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	85	40	45	90	25	70
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	10	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	65	25	35	60	15	45
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	0	15
African origins	140	60	80	85	45	35
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	20	15	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	15	0	15	35	20	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	10	15	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins	110	60	55	35	15	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	10	20	15	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	80	45	40	25	0	15
Asian origins	495	240	250	780	400	380
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	185	95	85	50	25	25
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	130	80	55	15	0	10
Palestinian	10	0	0	20	15	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	55	25	30	220	135	85
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	50	25	25	185	115	70
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	35	20	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sri Lankan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	255	115	135	515	240	275
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	75	55	20	145	60	80
Filipino	135	40	90	315	145	170
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	35	20	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	30	10	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	0	10	35	10	20
Australian	0	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	10	15	15	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,080	...	...	17,760	...	...
Owner	6,825	...	...	12,950	...	...
Renter	1,255	...	...	3,890	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
Condominium	445	...	...	310	...	...
Not condominium	7,640	...	...	17,445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,080	...	...	17,760	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	110	...	...
1 bedroom	585	...	...	1,560	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,900	...	...	4,675	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,635	...	...	6,395	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,945	...	...	5,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,050	...	...	3,630	...	...
5 rooms	1,185	...	...	3,315	...	...
6 rooms	1,275	...	...	3,365	...	...
7 rooms	1,400	...	...	2,325	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,175	...	...	5,120	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,050	...	...	17,530	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
Suitable	7,915	...	...	17,100	...	...
Not suitable	165	...	...	660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,080	...	...	17,760	...	...
1960 or before	2,690	...	...	5,270	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,550	...	...	6,560	...	...
1981 to 1990	790	...	...	2,365	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,160	...	...	1,550	...	...
2001 to 2005	410	...	...	575	...	...
2006 to 2010	250	...	...	740	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	225	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,080	...	...	17,755	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,475	...	...	15,650	...	...
Major repairs needed	600	...	...	2,105	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,080	...	...	17,760	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,665	...	...	12,085	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,325	...	...	5,515	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	90	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,080	...	...	17,760	...	...
15 to 24 years	125	...	...	680	...	...
25 to 34 years	775	...	...	2,050	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,210	...	...	2,330	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,785	...	...	2,965	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,730	...	...	3,635	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,470	...	...	3,065	...	...
75 to 84 years	715	...	...	1,920	...	...
85 years and over	265	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	7,905	...	...	15,150	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,615	...	...	12,985	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,295	...	...	2,165	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,160	...	...	1,920	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,660	...	...	11,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.1	...	...	42.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.8	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	918	...	...	533	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,047	...	...	722	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	199,802	...	...	150,070	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	237,861	...	...	177,295	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,250	...	...	3,855	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.0	...	...	28.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.2	...	...	28.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	808	...	...	585	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	792	...	...	624	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,505	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,050	16,705
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,170	1,650	1,520	10,545	5,910	4,635
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,600	2,830	2,770	9,300	4,575	4,725
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,735	3,575	4,155	12,915	5,570	7,340
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,330	1,025	310	3,005	2,000	1,005
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	495	290	200	1,525	820	705
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	835	730	105	1,475	1,180	295
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,145	1,595	2,550	5,995	2,020	3,980
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	85	130	925	340	580
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,050	875	1,175	2,990	1,210	1,780
Bachelor's degree	1,445	545	895	2,275	880	1,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	140	65	75	235	80	155
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	30	15	110	60	50
Master's degree	330	180	150	335	165	170
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	55	35	35	25	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,420	5,080	5,335	19,475	9,480	10,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,030	585	440	4,055	2,500	1,555
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,705	1,930	1,765	6,090	3,090	3,000
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,690	2,560	3,125	9,330	3,885	5,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	825	665	155	1,875	1,260	615
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	310	205	105	945	525	415
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	515	465	55	930	730	195
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,185	1,240	1,950	4,465	1,505	2,960
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	40	70	650	250	395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,570	615	955	2,345	870	1,470
Bachelor's degree	1,120	395	725	1,815	655	1,155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	45	70	155	50	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	30	20	85	45	35
Master's degree	250	125	125	265	110	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	25	15	20	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,505	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,050	16,710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,770	4,480	4,290	19,845	10,480	9,365
Education	480	135	340	1,425	350	1,075
13. Education	475	135	340	1,425	350	1,075
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	210	90	120	150	60	95
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0	40	15	25
50. Visual and performing arts	185	65	120	110	40	75
Humanities	215	105	115	360	155	205
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	15	0	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	20	25	60	20	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	10	35	135	45	90
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	20	0	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	35	0	120	60	55
54. History	30	10	15	25	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	785	175	605	855	245	610
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	40	45	40	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	260	10	255	375	20	360
22. Legal professions and studies	110	25	90	150	50	100
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	10	0
42. Psychology	130	20	110	115	40	75
45. Social sciences	195	85	110	150	110	40
Business, management and public administration	1,280	405	875	2,215	485	1,730
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	10	130	240	25	215
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,135	395	735	1,970	460	1,515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	225	115	110	200	45	160
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	30	55	45	0	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	25	15	65	20	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	10	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	70	60	15	25	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	50	0	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	95	75	135	60	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	65	70	110	55	55
25. Library science	15	10	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,920	1,805	115	2,725	2,630	100
04. Architecture and related services	30	15	15	10	10	0
14. Engineering	150	135	15	130	125	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	365	320	45	540	485	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	455	445	15	735	720	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	425	410	15	1,005	1,005	0
48. Precision production	490	480	0	305	285	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	150	50	905	670	235
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	125	30	740	545	195
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	25	25	165	125	40
Health and related fields	1,600	200	1,395	3,015	405	2,610
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	95	55	45	70	40	25
51. Health professions and related programs	1,500	150	1,350	2,930	360	2,570
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	20	10	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	660	295	360	935	480	455
12. Personal and culinary services	345	95	250	560	160	400
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	205	120	90	165	130	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	85	20	210	190	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,420	5,085	5,335	19,475	9,475	10,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,730	2,515	2,210	10,145	5,590	4,555
Education	290	70	220	950	230	720
13. Education	290	70	220	950	230	720
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	80	80	125	45	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	30	10	20
50. Visual and performing arts	140	65	80	90	35	60
Humanities	130	50	80	265	105	160
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	30	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	30	90	30	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	110	50	60
54. History	15	0	15	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	645	115	530	675	170	510
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	30	35	30	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	230	10	225	310	20	295
22. Legal professions and studies	95	20	80	135	40	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	10	0
42. Psychology	105	0	95	90	20	65
45. Social sciences	155	55	105	100	70	25
Business, management and public administration	940	280	655	1,685	370	1,315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	10	80	210	20	190
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	855	275	580	1,470	345	1,125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	165	80	85	155	35	125
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	40	45	0	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	10	55	15	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	40	15	15	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	35	0	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	90	40	120	60	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	65	35	100	55	45
25. Library science	10	10	0	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,365	1,290	75	1,790	1,715	75
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	10	10	0
14. Engineering	110	95	10	75	75	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	295	255	40	350	315	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	280	265	15	465	455	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	275	275	0	680	680	0
48. Precision production	385	385	0	205	190	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	145	100	45	690	510	180
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	105	80	25	555	400	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	20	15	135	105	30
Health and related fields	1,210	175	1,035	2,200	325	1,870
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	40	30	50	35	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,140	135	1,010	2,135	285	1,850
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	510	230	280	675	330	345
12. Personal and culinary services	260	65	195	395	95	300
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	155	90	70	115	85	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	90	75	10	170	150	15
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,505	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,050	16,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,770	4,475	4,285	19,845	10,480	9,365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,735	3,575	4,160	12,915	5,575	7,345
Location of study inside Canada	7,135	3,280	3,855	12,060	5,160	6,900
Same as province or territory of residence	6,955	3,200	3,755	9,800	4,030	5,770
Different than province or territory of residence	185	85	100	2,260	1,130	1,125
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	600	295	305	855	410	440
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	295	135	160	200	115	90
Philippines	50	15	40	165	65	100
India	0	0	0	105	70	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	30	25	125	60	65
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	195	110	80	255	100	150
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,420	5,080	5,340	19,475	9,475	10,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,730	2,520	2,210	10,145	5,590	4,555
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,695	2,565	3,130	9,330	3,885	5,445
Location of study inside Canada	5,320	2,385	2,925	8,685	3,575	5,115
Same as province or territory of residence	5,175	2,335	2,845	7,065	2,790	4,275
Different than province or territory of residence	140	55	85	1,620	780	840
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	375	175	200	640	310	330
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	185	75	110	125	65	60
Philippines	35	10	25	145	60	85
India	0	0	0	100	65	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	10	75	35	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	135	80	50	195	85	110
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,500	8,055	8,445	32,760	16,055	16,710
In the labour force	10,235	5,185	5,055	19,710	10,385	9,325
Employed	9,655	4,895	4,755	18,465	9,520	8,945
Unemployed	585	290	295	1,250	865	385
Not in the labour force	6,265	2,870	3,400	13,045	5,665	7,385
Participation rate	62.0	64.4	59.9	60.2	64.7	55.8
Employment rate	58.5	60.8	56.3	56.4	59.3	53.5
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.6	5.8	6.3	8.3	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,505	8,055	8,450	32,760	16,050	16,710
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	5,915	2,655	3,260	11,485	4,905	6,580
Worked	10,590	5,400	5,190	21,275	11,150	10,125
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,700	3,240	2,460	11,055	6,290	4,765
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,895	2,160	2,730	10,220	4,860	5,365
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.1	43.2	42.7	42.7	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,235	5,190	5,050	19,710	10,390	9,325
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	90	105	275	180	90
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,045	5,095	4,950	19,435	10,205	9,230
Employee	9,025	4,435	4,590	15,285	7,395	7,890
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,015	660	360	4,155	2,810	1,345
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,240	5,185	5,050	19,715	10,385	9,325
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	90	100	275	185	90
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,045	5,095	4,950	19,435	10,205	9,235
0 Management occupations	950	570	385	3,490	2,490	1,000
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,325	315	1,005	2,170	445	1,720
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	375	310	65	480	345	130
3 Health occupations	825	115	710	1,690	270	1,415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	910	255	655	2,485	605	1,880
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	135	35	100	235	75	160
6 Sales and service occupations	2,100	675	1,420	3,985	1,560	2,420
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,065	1,875	190	3,125	2,970	155
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	320	210	115	1,430	1,125	310
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,045	745	300	355	305	50
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,240	5,190	5,050	19,710	10,385	9,325
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	190	90	100	275	180	90
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,045	5,095	4,945	19,440	10,205	9,235
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	350	210	140	3,475	2,560	920
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0	425	400	25
22 Utilities	70	45	30	105	85	15
23 Construction	705	620	85	1,280	1,130	150
31-33 Manufacturing	2,115	1,545	570	675	570	105
41 Wholesale trade	285	180	100	485	390	95
44-45 Retail trade	1,115	440	680	2,325	1,165	1,160
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	605	390	210	715	565	150
51 Information and cultural industries	85	35	55	140	90	55
52 Finance and insurance	330	70	260	635	180	455
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	50	25	120	80	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	365	150	215	535	225	315
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	375	215	155	365	210	165
61 Educational services	570	185	390	1,550	440	1,110
62 Health care and social assistance	1,300	140	1,160	3,235	470	2,765
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	200	105	90	280	150	130
72 Accommodation and food services	610	205	410	1,095	390	705
81 Other services (except public administration)	425	265	165	730	410	315
91 Public administration	435	215	220	1,250	695	560
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,650	4,895	4,760	18,465	9,525	8,940
Worked at home	520	270	250	3,435	2,150	1,290
Worked outside Canada	155	55	100	20	15	10
No fixed workplace address	980	705	280	2,130	1,610	520
Worked at usual place	7,995	3,865	4,135	12,880	5,755	7,130
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,995	3,860	4,135	12,885	5,750	7,125
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,190	975	1,210	7,215	3,115	4,090
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,615	2,800	2,815	4,365	1,835	2,530
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	175	70	100	895	475	425
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	410	320	85
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,975	4,565	4,410	15,010	7,360	7,650
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,050	4,135	3,920	12,535	6,245	6,290
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	490	245	240	750	385	360
Public transit	40	10	25	65	40	20
Walked	300	115	190	1,425	530	900
Bicycle	35	20	15	105	65	40
Other method	70	45	25	125	95	35
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,975	4,565	4,410	15,010	7,360	7,645
Less than 15 minutes	2,360	1,095	1,265	8,595	3,900	4,695
15 to 29 minutes	3,200	1,585	1,615	3,595	1,740	1,855
30 to 44 minutes	2,655	1,490	1,170	1,555	835	715
45 to 59 minutes	585	285	300	560	355	205
60 minutes and over	180	120	60	710	535	180
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,975	4,570	4,410	15,010	7,360	7,650
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	810	525	285	615	470	145
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,065	1,380	690	2,365	1,470	900
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,035	1,015	1,015	4,355	2,465	1,890
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,590	510	1,080	4,625	1,600	3,020
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	790	250	540	1,235	495	740
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,680	885	795	1,815	855	960
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,005	5,570	5,435	21,895	11,460	10,440
Single responses	10,995	5,560	5,430	21,810	11,410	10,400
Official languages	10,985	5,560	5,425	21,775	11,390	10,385
English	10,940	5,555	5,385	21,720	11,370	10,350
French	45	0	40	50	20	35
Non-official languages	10	0	0	40	20	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	30	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	20	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	0	85	45	35
English and French	10	0	0	35	25	10
English and non-official language	10	10	0	50	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,000	5,575	5,435	21,895	11,460	10,440
None	10,775	5,500	5,275	21,340	11,215	10,125
English	45	0	40	65	30	35
French	100	25	75	190	75	120
Non-official language	80	35	40	295	135	160
Aboriginal	0	0	0	125	60	60
Non-Aboriginal	80	40	45	175	75	100
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	19,385	9,555	9,835	39,825	19,610	20,215
Non-movers	17,665	8,740	8,930	35,835	17,625	18,205
Movers	1,720	810	905	3,995	1,990	2,010
Non-migrants	800	390	410	1,715	855	850
Migrants	915	425	495	2,285	1,130	1,150
Internal migrants	880	405	470	2,160	1,075	1,090
Intraprovincial migrants	840	385	450	1,665	830	840
Interprovincial migrants	40	20	20	495	245	255
External migrants	35	15	25	120	55	65
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	18,640	9,150	9,490	37,890	18,600	19,285
Non-movers	13,160	6,585	6,575	26,430	13,060	13,365
Movers	5,480	2,570	2,910	11,460	5,540	5,920
Non-migrants	2,670	1,285	1,385	5,520	2,695	2,830
Migrants	2,810	1,285	1,525	5,935	2,845	3,090
Internal migrants	2,695	1,230	1,460	5,520	2,615	2,905
Intraprovincial migrants	2,550	1,175	1,370	4,115	1,890	2,225
Interprovincial migrants	145	60	85	1,405	725	680
External migrants	115	50	65	415	230	180

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Essex, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Parklands [Economic region], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Essex, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Parklands [Economic region], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Essex, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Parklands [Economic region], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Essex, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Parklands [Economic region], Manitoba