Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Blumenort, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sarnia, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]			Blumenort, LUD Manitoba [Designated place]
	Data quality , Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Blumenort, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	71,594	...	...	1,675	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	72,366	...	...	1,404^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.1	...	...	19.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	33,324	...	...	545	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	31,937	...	...	533	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	434.3	...	...	526.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	164.85	...	...	3.18	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	71,595	34,655	36,935	1,675	840	840
0 to 14 years	10,635	5,340	5,295	505	260	240
0 to 4 years	3,405	1,705	1,695	195	105	90
5 to 9 years	3,765	1,865	1,900	165	85	80
10 to 14 years	3,470	1,765	1,700	140	75	70
15 to 64 years	45,430	22,380	23,050	1,025	505	515
15 to 19 years	3,880	1,975	1,910	125	65	60
20 to 24 years	4,520	2,340	2,180	120	65	60
25 to 29 years	4,415	2,250	2,160	130	70	60
30 to 34 years	4,175	2,100	2,075	130	55	75
35 to 39 years	3,780	1,810	1,965	125	60	55
40 to 44 years	3,895	1,920	1,970	110	50	55
45 to 49 years	4,130	2,020	2,110	80	45	30
50 to 54 years	5,180	2,470	2,710	65	30	35
55 to 59 years	5,850	2,810	3,035	70	30	35
60 to 64 years	5,605	2,680	2,920	75	30	45
65 years and over	15,530	6,935	8,595	150	70	80
65 to 69 years	4,820	2,330	2,490	35	20	15
70 to 74 years	3,620	1,710	1,910	35	20	15
75 to 79 years	2,670	1,175	1,495	30	15	15
80 to 84 years	2,175	920	1,250	20	5	10
85 years and over	2,245	795	1,445	20	10	15
85 to 89 years	1,430	565	865	15	5	5
90 to 94 years	640	190	450	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	145	30	110	5	0	0
100 years and over	25	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.4	14.3	30.1	31.0	28.6
15 to 64 years	63.5	64.6	62.4	61.2	60.1	61.3
65 years and over	21.7	20.0	23.3	9.0	8.3	9.5
85 years and over	3.1	2.3	3.9	1.2	1.2	1.8
Average age of the population	43.9	42.7	45.0	31.1	30.2	32.1
Median age of the population	45.6	44.0	47.2	28.4	26.9	29.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	31,935	...	...	530	...	...
Single-detached house	21,405	...	...	365	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	3,905	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	6,585	...	...	165	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,330	...	...	45	...	...
Row house	1,750	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	825	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,635	...	...	65	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	45	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	31,940	...	...	530	...	...
1 person	10,600	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	11,845	...	...	160	...	...
3 persons	4,220	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	3,570	...	...	105	...	...
5 or more persons	1,705	...	...	110	...	...
Number of persons in private households	70,375	...	...	1,675	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	60,955	29,315	31,645	1,170	575	595
Married or living common law	34,280	17,135	17,140	800	395	405
Married	28,580	14,290	14,290	720	360	365
Living common law	5,700	2,845	2,850	80	35	40
Not married and not living common law	26,675	12,180	14,500	370	180	195
Never married	15,510	8,515	6,990	285	155	125
Separated	2,175	935	1,240	20	5	10
Divorced	4,345	1,770	2,570	35	10	25
Widowed	4,655	955	3,695	30	10	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,600	...	...	445	...	...
2 persons	11,880	...	...	170	...	...
3 persons	4,055	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	3,305	...	...	105	...	...
5 or more persons	1,370	...	...	95	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,600	...	...	445	...	...
Total couple families	16,840	...	...	395	...	...
Married couples	13,995	...	...	360	...	...
Common-law couples	2,850	...	...	40	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,765	...	...	45	...	...
Female parent	2,980	...	...	35	...	...
Male parent	785	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	16,835	...	...	395	...	...
Couples without children	9,610	...	...	140	...	...
Couples with children	7,230	...	...	260	...	...
1 child	2,975	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	2,980	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	1,270	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,760	...	...	45	...	...
1 child	2,270	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	1,070	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	420	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,015	6,700	7,320	155	65	85
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	31,935	...	...	535	...	...
One-census-family households	20,015	...	...	430	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,395	...	...	135	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,615	...	...	300	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	290	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,630	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	10,595	...	...	85	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,035	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	70,715	34,330	36,385	1,675	835	835
English only	65,065	31,875	33,190	1,540	780	755
French only	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and French	5,375	2,340	3,035	85	35	50
Neither English nor French	240	95	145	50	25	30
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	70,715	34,335	36,385	1,675	840	835
English	68,770	33,460	35,310	1,585	795	790
French	1,605	725	875	35	15	20
English and French	110	50	55	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	230	90	140	55	25	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,665	750	910	40	15	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.4	2.2	2.5	2.4	1.8	2.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	70,715	34,335	36,385	1,675	840	835
Single responses	69,910	33,950	35,965	1,645	825	820
Official languages	64,110	31,115	32,995	1,115	570	545
English	62,380	30,340	32,040	1,075	555	525
French	1,730	770	960	40	20	20
Non-official languages	5,805	2,830	2,975	530	260	275
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,785	2,825	2,965	530	260	270
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	130	110	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	240	125	110	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	205	105	95	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	35	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205	70	140	15	5	5
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	175	60	115	10	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	135	85	45	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	35	15	0	0	0
Tamil	35	20	15	0	0	0
Telugu	40	25	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,445	2,170	2,275	505	250	260
Albanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	700	310	385	40	20	15
Baltic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	675	300	370	35	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Czech	50	15	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Russian	55	20	35	30	20	10
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	75	35	45	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	30	45	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,125	515	605	460	220	235
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Dutch	635	290	345	0	0	0
Frisian	30	15	15	0	0	0
German	385	180	205	460	225	235
Icelandic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	185	110	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	735	405	330	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	655	360	290	0	0	5
Bengali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	265	140	125	0	0	0
Hindi	110	60	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	115	60	50	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	105	55	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,665	810	855	10	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	875	455	420	0	0	0
Portuguese	365	170	190	0	0	0
Romanian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Spanish	385	170	210	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	30	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	30	15	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	20	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	365	175	190	0	0	0
Chinese languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Cantonese	135	70	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	175	80	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	805	385	420	30	15	20
English and French	260	105	150	5	0	5
English and non-official language	495	255	245	20	10	15
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	70,715	34,330	36,385	1,675	840	835
Single responses	69,600	33,800	35,800	1,590	800	785
Official languages	67,680	32,885	34,800	1,390	705	685
English	67,205	32,675	34,525	1,375	700	680
French	480	205	270	10	5	5
Non-official languages	1,915	915	1,000	200	100	105
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,915	915	1,000	200	100	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	45	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	35	35	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	30	30	0	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	30	10	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,280	595	680	195	95	100
Albanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	60	75	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	60	75	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	20	10	10
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	30	40	170	85	90
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	20	25	170	85	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	40	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	395	210	190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	360	190	170	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	175	90	85	0	0	0
Hindi	50	30	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	245	345	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	235	95	145	0	0	0
Portuguese	155	60	90	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	190	85	105	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	105	115	0	0	0
Chinese languages	205	100	105	0	0	0
Cantonese	75	35	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	60	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,115	530	585	85	35	50
English and French	115	45	75	0	0	0
English and non-official language	970	470	495	80	30	50
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	10	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	70,715	34,335	36,385	1,675	840	835
None	66,260	32,260	34,000	1,385	700	685
English	1,090	520	570	85	40	40
French	1,215	500	710	25	5	20
Non-official language	2,075	1,015	1,060	180	90	90
Aboriginal	55	20	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,025	990	1,035	180	90	85
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	5	5	0
French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	59,750	28,875	30,875	1,175	580	595
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,580	27,965	29,615	1,095	545	550
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,833	46,087	26,260	32,176	46,400	21,376
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,630	27,970	29,665	1,095	540	555
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,745	40,724	24,345	29,648	40,384	20,224
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,115	25,415	25,700	1,010	530	480
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,365	43,468	22,485	31,104	44,160	18,560
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	43,680	19,865	23,820	815	340	475
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,017	8,111	7,956	3,584	1,084	6,016
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	39,900	21,390	18,510	885	490	390
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,532	38,071	23,845	33,207	45,739	20,608
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	59,750	28,890	30,860	1,240	615	630
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,430	27,940	29,490	1,185	585	595
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,592	62,061	35,829	39,297	47,623	31,075
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,505	27,945	29,560	1,180	585	595
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,829	49,579	30,613	33,251	39,657	26,926
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,000	25,395	25,600	1,080	565	510
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,164	61,572	32,874	38,714	46,754	29,862
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	43,500	19,805	23,695	830	335	500
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,862	8,613	9,069	5,626	4,590	6,317
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,900	21,405	18,495	970	530	435
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,860	56,595	33,435	39,837	47,438	30,627
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	59,750	28,890	30,860	1,240	615	625
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,125	9,765	7,365	545	345	200
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,234	70,966	43,649	49,901	55,800	38,680
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	71,606	85,426	53,279	52,530	57,015	44,665
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.2	90.3	79.5	87.9	93.0	78.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.3	69.5	58.2	79.7	86.2	68.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.8	9.7	20.5	12.0	6.4	21.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	59,750	28,875	30,875	1,170	575	595
Without total income	2,170	910	1,260	75	35	45
With total income	57,580	27,970	29,615	1,090	545	555
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.9	95.9	93.2	94.8	93.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,115	3,275	4,845	180	55	130
$10,000 to $19,999	9,805	3,460	6,345	175	45	125
$20,000 to $29,999	8,260	2,925	5,335	155	55	95
$30,000 to $39,999	6,440	2,730	3,710	145	70	80
$40,000 to $49,999	5,585	2,635	2,950	130	75	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,180	2,355	1,825	100	75	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,270	2,000	1,270	70	55	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,495	1,620	875	45	35	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,970	1,310	665	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,720	1,095	625	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	5,735	4,575	1,165	35	25	5
$100,000 to $149,999	3,620	2,815	805	25	25	5
$150,000 and over	2,120	1,760	360	5	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	59,750	28,870	30,875	1,175	580	595
Without after-tax income	2,120	910	1,210	80	35	45
With after-tax income	57,630	27,965	29,660	1,095	540	550
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.9	96.1	93.2	93.1	92.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,540	3,315	5,225	180	50	130
$10,000 to $19,999	10,250	3,630	6,620	190	50	140
$20,000 to $29,999	9,445	3,505	5,940	185	75	105
$30,000 to $39,999	7,515	3,305	4,210	170	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	6,030	3,195	2,835	155	110	45
$50,000 to $59,999	4,380	2,675	1,705	85	60	20
$60,000 to $69,999	3,115	2,085	1,030	60	45	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,595	1,735	860	35	30	5
$80,000 and over	5,755	4,520	1,235	30	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,675	1,200	470	15	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,125	865	255	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,965	2,455	505	5	5	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	59,750	28,875	30,875	1,175	575	595
Without employment income	19,850	7,485	12,365	285	85	200
With employment income	39,900	21,395	18,505	885	490	395
Percentage with employment income	66.8	74.1	59.9	75.3	85.2	66.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,645	4,370	3,285	100	40	65
$5,000 to $9,999	3,215	1,350	1,865	75	25	45
$10,000 to $19,999	4,940	1,930	3,015	130	50	85
$20,000 to $29,999	4,325	1,715	2,615	105	35	70
$30,000 to $39,999	3,810	1,630	2,180	115	65	50
$40,000 to $49,999	3,040	1,470	1,570	100	70	30
$50,000 to $59,999	2,320	1,290	1,025	80	70	10
$60,000 to $69,999	1,825	1,110	715	60	55	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,475	960	520	45	30	10
$80,000 and over	7,295	5,570	1,730	75	60	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,375	905	475	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,355	855	505	20	15	5
$100,000 and over	4,565	3,815	750	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	31,940	...	...	535	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,050	...	...	68,645	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,286	...	...	61,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,595	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,042	...	...	31,552	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,843	...	...	28,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	21,340	...	...	450	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,974	...	...	74,957	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,024	...	...	66,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	31,940	...	...	560	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,384	...	...	82,712	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,715	...	...	69,987	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,605	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,517	...	...	33,303	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,931	...	...	28,705	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	21,330	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,709	...	...	92,031	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,020	...	...	77,773	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	31,935	...	...	535	...	...
Under $5,000	360	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	585	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,130	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,370	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,590	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,355	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,475	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,450	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,400	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,340	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,515	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,285	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,090	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,845	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,610	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,555	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,060	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,065	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,310	...	...	35	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,125	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	31,935	...	...	535	...	...
Under $5,000	380	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	595	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,145	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,420	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,795	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,550	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,675	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,655	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,710	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,540	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,995	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,575	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,430	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,935	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,620	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,920	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,905	...	...	45	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,670	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,340	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,560	...	...	445	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,654	...	...	74,189	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,538	...	...	65,600	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,240	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,939	...	...	62,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,700	...	...	56,448	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,315	...	...	260	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,928	...	...	82,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,152	...	...	72,363	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,570	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,580	...	...	46,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,377	...	...	44,032	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,535	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,818	...	...	89,853	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,738	...	...	75,944	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,240	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,572	...	...	74,257	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,884	...	...	64,003	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,280	...	...	290	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	143,866	...	...	97,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,248	...	...	81,923	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,585	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,491	...	...	87,914	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,378	...	...	73,195	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,875	6,200	6,680	110	45	60
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,073	34,883	29,973	31,616	34,688	29,760
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,184	31,430	27,712	28,928	30,528	27,200
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,875	6,240	6,640	115	40	80
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,196	47,618	39,041	36,207	35,378	36,672
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,355	39,161	33,718	30,977	30,376	31,314
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	70,375	34,205	36,165	1,675	840	835
In the bottom half of the distribution	34,145	15,780	18,365	1,155	565	590
In the bottom decile	7,515	3,575	3,940	95	40	55
In the second decile	7,070	2,980	4,090	270	135	140
In the third decile	6,645	3,030	3,610	310	145	165
In the fourth decile	6,335	2,990	3,340	330	170	160
In the fifth decile	6,580	3,200	3,380	145	70	70
In the top half of the distribution	36,235	18,430	17,805	525	275	245
In the sixth decile	6,535	3,265	3,275	175	85	80
In the seventh decile	7,345	3,650	3,700	120	70	55
In the eighth decile	7,295	3,735	3,560	100	45	50
In the ninth decile	7,405	3,815	3,585	100	55	50
In the top decile	7,650	3,960	3,685	35	20	10
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	70,370	34,210	36,165	1,675	835	835
0 to 17 years	12,865	6,500	6,370	580	300	285
0 to 5 years	4,100	2,055	2,040	230	120	110
18 to 64 years	42,950	21,080	21,875	950	470	475
65 years and over	14,555	6,630	7,925	145	70	75
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,955	4,910	6,040	250	120	130
0 to 17 years	2,750	1,360	1,390	100	55	45
0 to 5 years	1,040	515	525	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	6,755	3,110	3,650	110	50	60
65 years and over	1,445	445	1,005	40	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	14.4	16.7	14.9	14.4	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	21.4	20.9	21.8	17.2	18.3	15.8
0 to 5 years (%)	25.4	25.1	25.7	19.6	16.7	22.7
18 to 64 years (%)	15.7	14.8	16.7	11.6	10.6	12.6
65 years and over (%)	9.9	6.7	12.7	27.6	21.4	33.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,040	2,945	3,095	60	25	35
0 to 17 years	1,320	635	685	15	5	10
0 to 5 years	510	240	265	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	4,450	2,210	2,245	40	15	20
65 years and over	275	100	170	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.6	8.6	8.6	3.6	3.0	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.3	9.8	10.8	2.6	1.7	3.5
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	11.7	13.0	2.2	4.2	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	10.4	10.5	10.3	4.2	3.2	4.2
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.5	2.1	6.9	7.1	6.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	70,370	34,205	36,165	1,780	905	865
Official languages	70,125	34,085	36,035	1,755	900	860
English	70,100	34,080	36,020	1,760	900	860
French	5,470	2,435	3,030	95	45	45
Non-official languages	7,420	3,570	3,850	515	270	240
Aboriginal languages	90	25	65	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	90	25	65	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	90	25	65	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	90	25	65	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,330	3,540	3,790	515	270	245
Afro-Asiatic languages	465	270	195	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	460	260	195	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	405	225	180	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	35	30	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	290	110	180	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	265	95	175	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	175	140	35	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	65	25	0	0	0
Tamil	40	30	10	0	0	0
Telugu	70	60	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,585	2,670	2,915	515	270	245
Albanian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	805	350	455	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	790	350	440	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	45	25	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Polish	340	160	180	0	0	0
Russian	135	50	90	10	10	0
Serbian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	90	25	60	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	15	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,360	640	720	505	265	240
Afrikaans	0	0	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	735	340	400	0	0	0
Frisian	45	25	20	0	0	0
German	580	285	295	500	265	235
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	15	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	20	0	20
Greek	255	145	105	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	995	550	445	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	895	500	395	0	0	0
Bengali	50	30	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	345	200	145	0	0	0
Hindi	505	290	215	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	165	80	90	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	170	85	85	0	0	0
Iranian languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	50	40	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,220	1,010	1,215	45	25	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,050	500	550	0	0	0
Portuguese	365	150	215	0	0	0
Romanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Spanish	810	365	440	45	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	60	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	35	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	165	85	80	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	115	50	65	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	0	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	405	180	230	0	0	0
Chinese languages	370	165	205	0	0	0
Cantonese	145	75	70	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	80	135	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burmese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	115	60	55	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	70,375	34,210	36,165	1,780	905	870
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	68,125	33,150	34,980	1,665	840	825
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,710	6,370	6,335	570	300	270
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	55,420	26,775	28,645	1,100	540	560
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,250	1,060	1,190	110	65	40
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	70,375	34,205	36,170	1,775	910	870
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	61,010	29,805	31,210	1,515	775	740
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,810	4,050	4,765	255	130	125
Before 1981	5,380	2,550	2,830	85	40	45
1981 to 1990	955	360	595	55	20	30
1991 to 2000	880	405	475	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	1,115	515	605	70	40	35
2001 to 2005	525	245	275	35	25	10
2006 to 2010	600	270	330	35	10	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	480	220	260	30	25	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	550	360	190	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,810	4,050	4,765	260	125	125
Under 5 years	1,200	545	655	45	35	15
5 to 14 years	1,670	860	805	90	35	50
15 to 24 years	2,285	980	1,305	80	40	40
25 to 44 years	3,175	1,440	1,740	40	15	20
45 years and over	485	220	260	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,810	4,050	4,765	255	130	125
Americas	1,570	595	980	210	105	105
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	45	20	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	90	45	50	0	0	0
Guyana	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	110	60	50	0	0	0
Mexico	60	30	30	100	45	55
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65	30	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	940	280	655	40	25	15
Other places of birth in Americas	220	110	110	70	35	40
Europe	5,115	2,435	2,675	40	15	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	0	15	0	0	0
Croatia	25	10	10	0	0	0
France	45	20	20	0	0	0
Germany	300	125	175	15	0	10
Greece	155	85	70	0	0	0
Hungary	95	50	45	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	100	45	55	0	0	0
Italy	630	325	310	0	0	0
Netherlands	600	310	290	0	0	0
Poland	200	90	110	0	0	0
Portugal	215	85	130	0	0	0
Romania	55	15	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	15	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,300	1,110	1,190	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	325	155	170	10	0	0
Africa	315	165	150	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	215	100	110	0	0	0
Asia	1,775	825	950	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	200	60	145	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	30	15	0	0	0
India	455	230	225	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	80	45	30	0	0	0
Iraq	155	90	65	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	65	25	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	20	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	115	55	60	0	0	0
Philippines	265	105	165	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	25	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	25	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	210	105	105	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	480	220	260	30	25	0
Americas	110	60	55	30	25	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	30	50	25	20	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	75	15	55	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	75	45	30	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	20	25	0	0	0
Asia	220	95	125	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	15	15	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	70,370	34,205	36,165	1,775	905	865
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,685	4,555	5,135	275	140	135
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	12,305	6,130	6,170	340	210	130
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	48,375	23,520	24,855	1,160	560	605
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,550	1,550	2,000	180	95	85
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,465	750	715	50	25	25
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	540	395	140	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	930	355	580	50	25	25
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,565	550	1,015	120	65	50
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	495	230	260	15	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	70,375	34,205	36,165	1,780	910	865
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,745	1,290	1,455	145	90	55
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,630	1,230	1,400	145	90	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,860	855	1,010	40	25	15
Métis	755	375	380	105	70	35
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	67,630	32,915	34,710	1,630	815	810
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	70,375	34,210	36,165	1,775	905	865
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,480	655	825	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	68,895	33,550	35,340	1,755	890	860
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	70,370	34,205	36,165	1,775	910	870
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	805	345	460	0	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	800	340	460	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	715	310	405	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	80	25	55	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,840	1,415	1,430	175	105	75
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,790	1,385	1,405	175	105	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,995	975	1,020	80	45	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	780	405	380	90	65	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	35	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	30	20	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	66,725	32,450	34,275	1,590	795	790
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	70,375	34,210	36,165	1,775	905	865
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,705	2,435	2,270	35	10	25
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,225	670	550	0	0	0
Chinese	565	255	310	0	0	0
Black	990	525	465	20	0	10
Filipino	420	170	250	0	0	0
Latin American	385	205	185	10	0	10
Arab	405	215	190	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	200	105	95	15	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	110	60	55	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	0	0	0
Japanese	80	45	30	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	115	70	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	120	65	55	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	65,670	31,775	33,900	1,745	895	845
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	70,375	34,210	36,170	1,775	905	865
North American Aboriginal origins	3,650	1,755	1,890	185	110	75
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,765	1,320	1,445	95	50	45
Inuit	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	925	470	455	100	60	40
Other North American origins	25,080	12,010	13,070	690	370	320
Acadian	55	15	35	0	0	0
American	1,270	515	755	55	30	25
Canadian	24,195	11,650	12,545	685	375	315
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	25	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	53,825	25,945	27,880	1,445	710	735
British Isles origins	38,780	18,715	20,065	425	190	235
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	23,035	10,650	12,380	225	90	135
Irish	15,680	7,495	8,180	175	50	125
Manx	45	20	20	0	0	0
Scottish	17,105	8,225	8,885	190	90	100
Welsh	1,510	740	770	20	10	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,820	860	955	20	15	0
French origins	11,030	5,190	5,835	150	80	70
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,020	5,195	5,825	150	85	75
Western European origins (except French origins)	13,780	6,625	7,160	945	455	485
Austrian	275	145	135	35	10	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	890	390	505	20	15	10
Dutch	5,755	2,740	3,020	270	135	130
Flemish	35	20	25	0	0	0
Frisian	25	15	15	0	0	0
German	7,700	3,740	3,965	780	375	405
Luxembourger	25	0	20	0	0	0
Swiss	95	45	45	20	0	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,520	730	790	85	40	45
Danish	370	195	175	0	0	0
Finnish	330	180	150	0	0	0
Icelandic	85	45	40	20	10	10
Norwegian	375	180	190	25	20	0
Swedish	330	130	200	30	10	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	75	15	60	20	0	15
Eastern European origins	5,595	2,655	2,940	615	305	310
Bulgarian	75	30	50	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	290	160	125	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	140	45	90	0	0	0
Estonian	40	35	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	730	315	420	15	0	10
Latvian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	25	65	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,060	1,070	990	110	45	65
Romanian	330	135	200	10	0	0
Russian	610	290	320	415	210	205
Slovak	475	205	270	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,525	725	805	185	90	90
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,965	3,040	2,925	10	10	0
Albanian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	150	80	75	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	580	320	260	0	0	0
Italian	3,620	1,855	1,760	0	0	0
Kosovar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	50	40	15	0	0	0
Maltese	90	65	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	875	430	445	10	0	10
Serbian	65	40	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Spanish	495	220	280	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	95	45	50	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	240	100	140	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	90	40	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	145	55	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	685	405	280	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	20	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	375	190	185	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	105	70	35	15	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	10	10	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	65	30	30	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	55	50	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	635	325	310	170	85	85
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Belizean	15	15	10	10	0	10
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	50	35	15	0	0	0
Colombian	65	20	50	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	110	65	45	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	25	15	15	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	165	80	85	95	60	40
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	75	35	40
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	105	55	50	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	810	410	400	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	215	115	100	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	100	40	60	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	50	20	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	105	45	60	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	105	55	50	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	40	15	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	405	210	200	0	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	330	165	165	0	0	10
Asian origins	3,510	1,785	1,730	20	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	785	420	365	0	0	0
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Armenian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	140	85	60	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	40	35	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	10	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	275	140	135	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	45	10	35	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,250	685	570	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,005	560	440	0	0	0
Goan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	135	75	65	0	0	0
Punjabi	55	25	35	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	50	15	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,495	700	795	15	0	0
Burmese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	715	360	355	0	0	0
Filipino	450	185	270	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Japanese	90	50	45	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	10	10	10
Malaysian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	45	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	40	15	20	10	0	0
Australian	25	0	20	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	31,935	...	...	560	...	...
Owner	21,740	...	...	405	...	...
Renter	10,195	...	...	160	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	31,940	...	...	560	...	...
Condominium	1,385	...	...	45	...	...
Not condominium	30,550	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	31,935	...	...	565	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,850	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,595	...	...	95	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,240	...	...	170	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,170	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	31,940	...	...	560	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,550	...	...	85	...	...
5 rooms	4,100	...	...	80	...	...
6 rooms	4,375	...	...	70	...	...
7 rooms	4,650	...	...	95	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,260	...	...	230	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	31,935	...	...	560	...	...
One person or fewer per room	31,790	...	...	560	...	...
More than 1 person per room	150	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	31,940	...	...	565	...	...
Suitable	31,200	...	...	545	...	...
Not suitable	735	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	31,940	...	...	565	...	...
1960 or before	12,100	...	...	30	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,120	...	...	115	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,775	...	...	55	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,065	...	...	90	...	...
2001 to 2005	975	...	...	55	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,120	...	...	135	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	780	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	31,935	...	...	565	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	29,600	...	...	550	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,335	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	31,935	...	...	565	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,875	...	...	315	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,670	...	...	240	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	385	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	31,940	...	...	565	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,090	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,235	...	...	120	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,460	...	...	160	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,475	...	...	80	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,805	...	...	100	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,355	...	...	50	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,210	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	1,315	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	31,830	...	...	555	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,590	...	...	445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,240	...	...	110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,530	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	21,680	...	...	395	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.6	...	...	76.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.9	...	...	12.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	890	...	...	1,201	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,039	...	...	1,146	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,387	...	...	259,147	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	243,098	...	...	272,772	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,195	...	...	160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.9	...	...	15.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.9	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	828	...	...	961	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	878	...	...	961	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	59,750	28,885	30,860	1,240	615	625
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,550	4,395	5,155	390	215	175
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,805	8,105	9,700	355	145	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,395	16,385	16,005	490	250	240
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,780	4,645	1,135	130	95	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,180	1,485	690	55	35	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,600	3,155	445	75	55	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,300	7,085	9,215	225	110	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	770	270	500	40	10	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,540	4,390	5,150	100	40	60
Bachelor's degree	6,755	2,920	3,835	85	30	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	665	290	370	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	180	90	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,605	830	775	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	245	170	80	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	36,845	18,020	18,825	920	445	480
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,175	1,590	1,585	205	115	95
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,355	4,915	5,440	280	105	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,315	11,510	11,800	435	225	210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,750	3,055	695	125	90	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,370	970	400	50	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,380	2,085	295	70	55	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,295	5,385	6,915	200	100	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	475	185	290	30	0	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,795	2,890	3,905	80	30	50
Bachelor's degree	4,840	1,955	2,875	70	20	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	470	200	265	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	135	80	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,135	515	620	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	145	75	65	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	59,750	28,890	30,860	1,240	615	625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	27,355	12,500	14,860	750	360	385
Education	1,905	510	1,395	50	15	30
13. Education	1,905	510	1,395	45	15	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	675	235	435	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	95	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	520	140	380	10	0	0
Humanities	1,350	500	850	75	30	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	0	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	345	65	275	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	410	160	255	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	25	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	150	100	55	55	25	35
54. History	255	135	115	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	0	70	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,025	825	2,205	35	20	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	80	140	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	920	90	830	10	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	370	145	230	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	30	10	10	0
42. Psychology	500	75	425	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	965	420	540	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,090	1,595	3,495	65	20	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	725	130	600	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,355	1,465	2,885	55	10	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,045	600	445	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	310	120	190	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	140	70	70	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	330	225	105	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	260	180	80	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	890	585	300	25	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	715	495	215	25	25	0
25. Library science	60	10	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	70	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,920	9,220	700	115	115	0
04. Architecture and related services	110	75	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,640	1,340	305	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,705	2,455	250	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,420	2,395	25	20	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,765	1,715	50	50	50	0
48. Precision production	1,280	1,245	30	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	415	235	175	15	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	285	165	120	10	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	70	60	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,625	895	4,735	90	10	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	450	195	255	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,105	640	4,460	90	0	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	55	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,450	1,190	1,255	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,345	290	1,055	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	720	530	190	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	375	365	10	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	36,845	18,020	18,825	920	445	480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,530	6,510	7,020	485	215	270
Education	1,130	310	825	35	0	25
13. Education	1,130	310	825	35	10	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	185	315	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	65	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	395	120	275	10	10	0
Humanities	955	355	600	60	25	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	0	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	220	35	185	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	315	130	190	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	20	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	80	40	50	20	30
54. History	175	90	85	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	0	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,265	550	1,720	30	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	190	70	120	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	715	60	660	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	295	100	195	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	0	30	10	10	0
42. Psychology	370	50	320	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	645	255	390	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,810	1,115	2,695	60	10	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	600	90	510	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,205	1,030	2,175	50	10	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	735	380	360	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	80	150	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	60	50	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	195	110	85	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	190	125	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	710	490	220	20	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	575	415	160	15	15	0
25. Library science	45	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	55	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,025	6,415	610	115	115	0
04. Architecture and related services	95	60	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,130	865	265	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,915	1,690	225	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,730	1,710	20	20	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,280	1,240	45	45	50	0
48. Precision production	875	845	25	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	310	170	140	15	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	210	115	90	10	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	55	50	0	10	0
Health and related fields	4,060	665	3,395	80	10	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	355	135	220	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,655	495	3,160	80	10	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	40	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,805	885	920	10	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	985	240	745	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	575	410	165	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	235	10	10	10	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	59,750	28,890	30,860	1,240	610	625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,355	12,500	14,855	750	360	385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	32,395	16,390	16,000	490	255	240
Location of study inside Canada	28,860	14,565	14,300	460	230	230
Same as province or territory of residence	27,195	13,705	13,490	380	190	190
Different than province or territory of residence	1,670	860	810	80	40	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,530	1,825	1,705	35	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,185	520	670	20	15	0
Philippines	140	40	100	0	0	0
India	370	195	180	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	635	420	215	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	20	25	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	1,135	615	515	15	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	36,845	18,015	18,825	920	445	480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,525	6,505	7,020	485	215	270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,315	11,510	11,800	435	230	215
Location of study inside Canada	21,360	10,655	10,705	405	200	205
Same as province or territory of residence	20,215	10,090	10,135	325	165	160
Different than province or territory of residence	1,140	570	575	80	40	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,960	855	1,095	35	25	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	790	310	480	15	15	10
Philippines	70	25	45	0	0	0
India	215	95	125	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	165	80	90	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	15	25	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	660	330	335	15	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	59,750	28,885	30,860	1,240	615	625
In the labour force	34,350	17,995	16,360	915	515	400
Employed	31,195	16,195	14,995	850	475	370
Unemployed	3,155	1,800	1,360	65	40	25
Not in the labour force	25,400	10,895	14,505	325	100	230
Participation rate	57.5	62.3	53.0	73.8	83.7	64.0
Employment rate	52.2	56.1	48.6	68.5	77.2	59.2
Unemployment rate	9.2	10.0	8.3	7.1	7.8	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	59,750	28,890	30,860	1,240	610	625
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	24,045	10,245	13,795	280	95	190
Worked	35,705	18,640	17,065	960	525	440
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	17,425	9,920	7,500	555	355	195
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,280	8,720	9,560	410	170	240
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.2	42.3	42.1	44.4	46.1	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	34,350	17,995	16,355	910	515	400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	985	495	490	15	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	33,365	17,500	15,870	900	515	390
Employee	30,670	15,955	14,715	790	445	345
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,700	1,545	1,160	110	65	45
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	34,355	17,995	16,360	910	515	400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	980	495	490	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	33,370	17,495	15,870	905	515	390
0 Management occupations	2,800	1,645	1,155	110	65	45
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,950	1,095	2,855	120	40	80
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,575	2,055	520	30	25	0
3 Health occupations	2,545	400	2,145	65	10	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,375	1,070	2,310	80	35	50
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	560	220	335	25	0	20
6 Sales and service occupations	9,740	3,935	5,810	140	55	80
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,585	5,210	380	220	205	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	480	385	100	40	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,750	1,490	265	70	40	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	34,350	17,995	16,355	915	515	400
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	980	495	490	10	0	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	33,370	17,500	15,870	900	515	385
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	255	145	115	60	45	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	425	345	75	10	10	0
22 Utilities	310	260	45	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,845	2,560	285	100	90	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,570	2,780	790	110	75	35
41 Wholesale trade	1,240	975	265	30	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	4,460	1,915	2,540	85	35	50
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,265	910	355	100	75	25
51 Information and cultural industries	325	140	185	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	815	275	540	20	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	470	255	215	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,890	1,120	765	20	10	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	25	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,075	1,240	840	20	10	10
61 Educational services	2,145	665	1,485	40	10	40
62 Health care and social assistance	4,305	650	3,660	85	10	80
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	785	375	410	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,170	1,205	1,965	70	20	45
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,730	945	785	85	65	25
91 Public administration	1,270	740	535	45	30	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	31,195	16,195	15,000	845	475	370
Worked at home	1,360	590	775	50	25	20
Worked outside Canada	285	150	135	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,055	2,255	800	135	105	30
Worked at usual place	26,490	13,210	13,280	660	340	320
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	26,490	13,205	13,280	660	340	320
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	20,200	9,440	10,760	240	130	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,065	3,005	2,065	285	130	150
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,120	700	420	135	80	50
Commute to a different province or territory	100	65	35	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	29,545	15,460	14,085	800	445	350
Car, truck, van - as a driver	24,500	12,975	11,520	675	375	300
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,095	965	1,130	30	10	20
Public transit	995	445	550	0	0	0
Walked	1,260	610	650	55	25	35
Bicycle	410	310	100	25	25	0
Other method	280	145	135	0	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	29,545	15,460	14,085	795	445	355
Less than 15 minutes	16,275	7,480	8,795	340	200	140
15 to 29 minutes	10,060	5,985	4,070	220	90	130
30 to 44 minutes	1,985	1,220	765	80	55	25
45 to 59 minutes	480	280	200	85	60	20
60 minutes and over	745	495	255	75	40	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	29,545	15,460	14,085	795	445	350
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,745	1,240	505	60	55	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,395	3,700	1,700	170	115	55
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,925	4,520	3,405	280	160	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,850	2,145	3,705	100	35	70
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,210	1,050	2,165	55	20	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,415	2,805	2,610	130	55	80
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	36,840	19,195	17,645	995	540	455
Single responses	36,715	19,145	17,580	990	535	450
Official languages	36,670	19,125	17,550	955	520	440
English	36,465	19,065	17,405	945	510	435
French	210	60	150	10	10	0
Non-official languages	50	20	25	35	20	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	20	30	30	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	35	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	30	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	120	55	70	10	0	0
English and French	80	35	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	36,835	19,190	17,645	995	540	455
None	36,055	18,890	17,160	900	490	415
English	115	20	95	20	10	0
French	440	210	235	10	0	10
Non-official language	205	70	135	60	35	30
Aboriginal	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	190	70	120	65	35	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	0	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	69,685	33,865	35,820	1,740	885	855
Non-movers	60,645	29,590	31,060	1,330	660	675
Movers	9,040	4,280	4,765	410	230	185
Non-migrants	6,220	2,910	3,315	105	45	55
Migrants	2,820	1,370	1,445	310	180	130
Internal migrants	2,450	1,175	1,280	300	175	125
Intraprovincial migrants	2,075	1,005	1,075	285	170	115
Interprovincial migrants	375	170	205	15	10	10
External migrants	365	200	165	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	66,990	32,510	34,475	1,595	820	775
Non-movers	42,470	20,750	21,725	705	375	335
Movers	24,520	11,760	12,760	885	450	445
Non-migrants	16,030	7,540	8,495	215	105	110
Migrants	8,485	4,220	4,265	675	340	330
Internal migrants	7,280	3,580	3,705	625	320	305
Intraprovincial migrants	6,265	3,070	3,190	580	295	280
Interprovincial migrants	1,015	510	510	50	25	20
External migrants	1,205	645	560	50	20	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sarnia, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Blumenort, LUD [Designated place], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Blumenort, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Blumenort, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario and Blumenort, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba