Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie [Economic region], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie Ontario [Economic region]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie [Economic region], Ontario  Map : Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie [Economic region], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,299,265	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,218,400	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.6	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	534,583	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	494,567	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	125.2	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10,375.57	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,299,265	640,085	659,185	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	225,050	115,210	109,840	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	71,035	36,525	34,510	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	76,900	39,425	37,475	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	77,110	39,255	37,860	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	865,965	430,140	435,825	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	81,095	41,620	39,475	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	88,245	45,855	42,385	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	82,530	41,730	40,805	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	82,405	40,705	41,700	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	80,525	39,480	41,045	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	84,575	41,430	43,150	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	90,120	44,235	45,880	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	102,935	50,740	52,195	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	94,195	46,110	48,090	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	79,345	38,240	41,100	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	208,250	94,735	113,520	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	68,795	32,895	35,905	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	50,195	23,765	26,430	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	36,010	16,695	19,310	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	26,370	11,725	14,645	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	26,885	9,655	17,230	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	17,155	6,670	10,490	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	7,775	2,560	5,215	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	1,730	400	1,330	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	220	30	190	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.3	18.0	16.7	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	66.7	67.2	66.1	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	16.0	14.8	17.2	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.5	2.6	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	40.3	39.4	41.2	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	40.6	39.4	41.7	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	494,565	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	318,975	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	34,180	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	140,075	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	24,315	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	44,380	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	17,485	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	52,855	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	1,040	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	1,340	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	494,565	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	115,905	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	171,145	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	81,380	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	79,605	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	46,530	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,278,730	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,074,220	524,875	549,340	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	637,225	318,390	318,835	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	533,420	266,615	266,805	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	103,800	51,770	52,030	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	436,995	206,485	230,510	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	284,305	155,440	128,860	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	33,330	14,370	18,960	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	61,400	24,290	37,105	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	57,965	12,385	45,585	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	371,540	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	181,855	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	80,175	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	76,655	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	32,850	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	371,540	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	313,020	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	261,150	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	51,870	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	58,520	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	45,845	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	12,675	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	313,020	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	147,340	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	165,680	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	62,465	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	71,825	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	31,395	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	58,520	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	34,520	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	17,710	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	6,285	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	190,775	92,285	98,495	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	494,565	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	348,090	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	137,660	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	210,430	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	11,520	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	134,955	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	115,910	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	19,050	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,285,900	634,740	651,155	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	1,184,055	591,250	592,805	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	675	305	375	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	86,965	37,310	49,650	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	14,200	5,870	8,325	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,285,900	634,745	651,155	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	1,248,885	618,155	630,730	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	18,865	8,855	10,010	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	4,230	2,000	2,235	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	13,915	5,735	8,180	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	20,985	9,855	11,130	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.6	1.6	1.7	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,285,900	634,740	651,155	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	1,266,160	625,225	640,935	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	1,052,665	521,140	531,530	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	1,032,930	511,860	521,070	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	19,740	9,285	10,455	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	213,495	104,085	109,415	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	330	155	180	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	290	135	150	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	5	0	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	315	125	190
Plains Cree	0	0	0	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	0	0	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	255	120	135	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	5	5	5	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	250	120	135	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	5	5	5	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	5	0	0	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	5	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	15	5	10	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	15	5	10	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	15	5	10	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	5	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	15	0	10	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	5	0	5	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	213,165	103,935	109,230	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	13,145	6,785	6,355	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	30	15	15	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	30	15	15	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	1,305	630	670	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	115	65	50	805	455	350
Oromo	90	45	45	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	1,060	500	555	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	365	195	170
Semitic languages	11,790	6,125	5,670	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	1,035	510	525	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	8,185	4,305	3,885	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	645	320	330	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	95	50	45	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	15	5	10	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	295	170	125	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	360	180	185	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	1,060	545	510	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	100	50	50	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	6,995	3,320	3,675	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	640	295	340	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	6,355	3,020	3,330	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	6,110	2,260	3,850	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	15	10	5	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	275	90	185	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	5	5	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	95	30	65	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	305	105	195	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	0	0	5	1,430	665	760
Malay	295	120	175	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	35	15	20	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	15	0	10	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,985	1,855	3,130	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	15	5	10	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	65	25	40	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	235	125	115	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	105	50	55	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	130	75	55	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	3,260	1,705	1,555	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	135	75	65	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	925	485	440	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	1,795	920	875	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	390	220	170	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	485	235	255	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	149,345	73,425	75,920	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	1,190	625	565	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	835	410	425	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	31,980	15,215	16,765	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	690	335	360	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	310	150	155	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	385	185	200	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	31,290	14,880	16,410	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	35	10	25	810	385	430
Bosnian	675	340	340	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	250	125	130	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	2,945	1,490	1,460	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	1,345	620	725	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	630	305	325	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	10,690	4,995	5,695	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	4,365	2,020	2,345	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	5,895	2,955	2,940	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	625	305	325	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	965	450	520	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	555	260	295	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	2,040	880	1,155	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	265	125	140	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	105	50	55	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	40	20	15	1,090	540	550
Welsh	50	20	30	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	530	295	235
Germanic languages	35,435	17,065	18,375	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	260	135	120	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	595	275	320	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	7,015	3,455	3,560	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	155	75	75	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	26,875	12,880	13,995	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	20	10	10	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	85	45	45	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	230	90	135	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	145	60	90	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	40	20	15	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	525	280	240
Greek	2,485	1,250	1,230	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	29,895	15,385	14,510	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	22,255	11,470	10,780	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	1,365	735	625	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	3,980	2,055	1,930	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	2,380	1,280	1,100	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	5	5	5	565	300	265
Konkani	70	40	30	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	225	115	110	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	560	280	275	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	45	20	25	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	7,920	4,020	3,895	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	310	150	160	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	465	230	240	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	4,930	2,540	2,390	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	7,385	3,785	3,605	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	740	400	340	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	1,225	645	585	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	5,420	2,740	2,680	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	255	130	125	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	47,430	23,435	23,990	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	20	10	10	865	440	425
Italian	10,935	5,815	5,115	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	15,750	7,715	8,040	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	6,545	3,160	3,385	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	14,160	6,720	7,435	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	720	380	340
Japanese	770	290	485	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	20	10	10	1,715	910	805
Georgian	20	10	10	1,715	910	805
Korean	3,160	1,500	1,655	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	10	5	5	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	10	5	5	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	1,150	560	585	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	170	90	80	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	5	0	0	1,535	815	720
Edo	20	5	5	1,670	770	900
Ewe	25	20	10	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	10	5	5	920	445	470
Ganda	15	5	15	1,295	625	665
Igbo	60	40	20	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	10	5	5	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	15	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	50	25	25	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	155	65	85	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	210	100	120	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	10	5	5	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	180	105	80	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	205	85	120	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	325	160	165	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	10	10	0	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	155	160	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	290	135	150	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	150	65	90	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	135	75	60	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	19,620	9,505	10,115	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	19,210	9,290	9,915	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	4,300	2,055	2,250	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	125	60	65	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	13,240	6,410	6,825	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	10	5	10	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	465	225	235	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	155	70	85	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	900	455	445	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	415	215	200	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	150	75	75	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	130	70	65	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	20	10	5	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	725	905	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	1,355	640	720	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	275	90	185	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	1,540	770	770	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	85	45	35	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	1,035	525	510	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	20	5	15	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	355	170	190	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	30	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	5,000	2,370	2,630	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	330	140	190	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	745	330	420	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	3,925	1,900	2,025	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	70	45	30	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	19,740	9,520	10,215	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	3,415	1,530	1,890	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	15,450	7,580	7,870	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	420	205	215	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	450	210	240	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,285,900	634,740	651,155	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	1,244,580	614,615	629,965	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	1,143,845	565,640	578,205	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	1,137,765	562,840	574,925	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	6,085	2,800	3,285	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	100,735	48,970	51,760	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	75	35	40	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	65	35	30	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	30	30	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	60	25	30	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	0	0	5	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	5	0	5	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	5	5	5	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	100,655	48,940	51,715	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,980	3,945	4,040	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	15	10	5	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	15	10	10	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	835	385	450	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	95	50	50	620	330	285
Oromo	50	20	30	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	670	305	365	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	185	85	95
Semitic languages	7,125	3,550	3,575	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	670	325	350	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	5,045	2,530	2,515	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	385	180	205	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	50	25	25	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	5	5	5	735	335	400
Hebrew	135	70	70	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	50	25	20	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	735	375	360	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,580	2,175	2,400	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	325	145	180	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	4,255	2,030	2,225	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	2,180	970	1,215	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	0	0	290	140	155
Cebuano	65	25	40	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	5	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	100	45	60	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	0	0	0	435	220	210
Malay	80	35	40	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	10	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	0	0	0	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,865	830	1,030	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	100	45	50	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	50	25	30	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	25	15	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	1,890	960	930	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	65	35	30	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	525	280	245	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	1,100	545	555	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	185	100	90	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	190	85	105	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	64,020	31,135	32,890	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	650	330	315	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	500	245	255	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	14,020	6,795	7,225	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	130	50	70	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	40	15	20	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	85	35	55	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	13,895	6,740	7,155	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	10	5	5	230	105	120
Bosnian	345	185	165	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	90	50	45	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	1,065	520	545	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	350	165	180	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	240	110	130	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	4,170	2,025	2,145	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	2,665	1,290	1,375	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	3,635	1,790	1,840	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	275	130	150	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	280	125	155	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	90	40	50	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	570	255	310	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	670	310	360
Celtic languages	5	0	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	185	105	80
Welsh	0	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	11,170	5,455	5,705	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	80	45	45	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	25	10	15	855	410	445
Dutch	910	450	460	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	10	5	5	185	95	90
German	10,000	4,880	5,115	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	10	5	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	0	0	0	345	145	200
Swedish	35	20	15	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	355	170	185
Yiddish	5	0	0	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	1,625	820	810
Greek	780	360	420	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	18,170	9,045	9,130	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	13,315	6,670	6,645	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	780	395	385	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	2,505	1,245	1,265	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	1,135	575	560	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	0	0	0	135	70	70
Konkani	20	15	5	720	355	370
Marathi	90	45	50	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	390	190	200	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	25	10	10	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,185	2,605	2,580	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	165	75	90	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	225	115	115	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	2,795	1,410	1,390	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	4,725	2,315	2,410	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	410	205	205	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	705	345	360	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	3,615	1,765	1,845	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	125	60	65	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	18,730	8,900	9,830	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	15	5	10	355	165	190
Italian	2,375	1,095	1,275	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	6,025	2,835	3,180	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	3,160	1,530	1,625	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	7,165	3,425	3,740	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	180	85	95
Japanese	400	190	210	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	10	5	5	1,040	565	475
Georgian	10	5	5	1,035	565	475
Korean	2,220	1,045	1,175	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	910	440	470
Mongolian	5	5	0	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	295	130	165	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	45	20	25	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	0	0	0	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	5	0	5	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	825	400	425
Ga	0	0	0	250	105	140
Ganda	5	0	0	345	160	185
Igbo	15	5	5	1,000	485	510
Lingala	5	5	0	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	1,530	670	865
Shona	35	15	20	1,035	475	560
Swahili	90	40	50	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	0	0	0	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	40	20	20	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	25	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	135	70	65	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	0	0	0	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	70	65	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	375	215	160	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	150	75	75	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	230	140	90	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	13,270	6,525	6,745	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	12,925	6,345	6,575	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	2,480	1,185	1,295	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	45	25	25	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	9,615	4,745	4,865	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	5	0	5	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	145	70	75	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	90	45	45	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	540	280	260	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	345	180	165	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	145	75	65	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	125	60	65	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	5	5	5	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	790	375	410	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	680	320	355	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	110	55	55	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	780	380	405	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	1,245	640	610
Turkish	520	260	260	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	5	0	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	215	95	115	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	455	230	225
Uralic languages	1,405	675	730	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	25	5	20	975	365	610
Finnish	125	50	70	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	1,255	620	640	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	41,320	20,125	21,195	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	1,940	880	1,060	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	38,560	18,880	19,680	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	130	60	75	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	690	310	375	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,285,900	634,740	651,160	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	1,157,640	573,510	584,130	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	46,095	22,790	23,305	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	14,865	6,320	8,545	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	65,205	31,145	34,060	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	485	215	270	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	64,720	30,930	33,790	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	295	125	170	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	965	495	465	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	820	345	470	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,054,095	516,375	537,715	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,013,960	497,635	516,325	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,573	43,515	29,395	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,014,190	497,660	516,530	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,178	38,508	27,069	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	923,875	462,625	461,250	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,060	42,938	26,603	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	712,100	315,780	396,320	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,497	2,191	5,605	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	775,960	402,045	373,910	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,387	43,396	28,745	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,014,270	497,690	516,580	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,543	55,402	38,008	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,014,525	497,710	516,815	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,735	45,087	32,618	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	923,690	462,845	460,845	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,411	54,930	35,851	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	711,960	315,685	396,280	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,390	6,807	7,854	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	775,955	402,150	373,810	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,128	53,323	36,313	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,054,095	516,375	537,715	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	395,495	226,575	168,920	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	54,004	60,193	46,985	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	63,736	71,049	53,927	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.9	92.2	84.2	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	74.2	77.9	69.1	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.1	7.8	15.8	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,054,095	516,375	537,715	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	40,135	18,745	21,395	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	1,013,955	497,630	516,320	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.4	96.0	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	137,460	58,005	79,455	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	164,750	64,190	100,565	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	139,090	56,770	82,315	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	116,210	51,465	64,740	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	105,980	50,925	55,050	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	85,370	45,845	39,525	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	65,560	38,410	27,150	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	48,920	30,430	18,485	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	37,925	24,040	13,880	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	32,615	19,465	13,155	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	80,075	58,080	21,995	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	55,820	39,550	16,275	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	24,255	18,530	5,720	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	39,905	18,715	21,185	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	1,014,185	497,660	516,530	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.4	96.1	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	141,655	59,080	82,570	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	172,970	67,635	105,335	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	161,255	66,955	94,300	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	141,475	65,325	76,150	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	121,890	63,380	58,505	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	87,310	50,980	36,330	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	61,320	38,640	22,680	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	46,010	28,360	17,650	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	80,305	57,295	23,005	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	28,225	18,740	9,485	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	16,055	11,430	4,630	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	36,030	27,130	8,900	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,054,095	516,380	537,720	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	278,135	114,330	163,805	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	775,960	402,045	373,910	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	73.6	77.9	69.5	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	102,085	48,355	53,730	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	62,120	26,505	35,615	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	99,860	42,900	56,960	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	81,185	35,105	46,080	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	79,785	35,400	44,390	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	76,075	37,615	38,465	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	64,140	35,925	28,225	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	49,350	30,115	19,235	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	38,390	24,555	13,840	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	122,955	85,580	37,370	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	31,090	20,180	10,910	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	28,460	16,985	11,475	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	63,405	48,420	14,990	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	494,565	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,245	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,404	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	115,910	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,834	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,822	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	378,660	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,489	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,172	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	494,565	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,452	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,460	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	116,005	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,437	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,689	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	378,565	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,165	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,647	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	494,570	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	6,060	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,835	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10,585	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	14,045	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	17,980	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15,945	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	18,210	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	19,290	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	19,290	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,255	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	37,595	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35,945	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	34,010	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	31,675	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	29,740	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	180,105	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	59,860	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	41,625	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45,230	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	33,390	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	494,565	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	6,575	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,965	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10,810	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	14,745	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20,125	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	17,950	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	21,305	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	22,945	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	23,240	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	23,410	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45,255	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	42,460	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40,075	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	36,180	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,135	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	133,395	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	57,170	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	33,705	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	42,525	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	364,605	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,571	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,118	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	134,360	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,048	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,643	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	167,045	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,918	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,548	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	53,470	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,739	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,225	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	364,575	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,523	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,760	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	134,200	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,384	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,188	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	167,410	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,079	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,467	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	53,210	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,523	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,436	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	164,245	81,380	82,865	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	33,090	36,358	30,511	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	30,138	32,563	28,208	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	163,950	80,585	83,365	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,168	45,190	39,247	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,650	37,484	33,877	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,278,730	631,340	647,385	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	581,580	278,145	303,435	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	103,655	50,135	53,515	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	106,315	47,830	58,485	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	116,685	55,160	61,530	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	123,495	59,900	63,590	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	131,435	65,125	66,310	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	697,150	353,195	343,950	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	138,050	68,770	69,280	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	142,315	71,970	70,350	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	147,225	74,645	72,580	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	147,555	75,155	72,395	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	122,000	62,655	59,350	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,277,205	630,570	646,635	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	271,350	138,855	132,500	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	85,655	44,065	41,590	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	811,740	401,535	410,210	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	194,115	90,185	103,925	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	145,320	67,090	78,225	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	39,170	20,075	19,100	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	13,660	7,065	6,595	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	86,960	39,995	46,965	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	19,190	7,025	12,165	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.4	10.6	12.1	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	14.4	14.5	14.4	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.9	16.0	15.9	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	10.0	11.4	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	9.9	7.8	11.7	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	78,385	38,700	39,685	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	18,060	9,290	8,775	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	6,165	3,215	2,955	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	56,690	27,860	28,830	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	3,635	1,545	2,085	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.1	6.1	6.1	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	6.7	6.6	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	7.3	7.1	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.9	7.0	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.7	2.0	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,278,730	631,340	647,390	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	1,264,640	625,550	639,090	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	1,263,935	625,260	638,665	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	87,010	36,870	50,145	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	260,825	126,910	133,920	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	1,075	465	610	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	975	430	545	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	20	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	0	195	80	115
Naskapi	0	0	0	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	545	225	320
Plains Cree	10	0	10	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	0	0	0	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	0	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	10	25	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	0	0	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	35	10	25	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	925	415	505	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	20	0	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	895	405	485	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	10	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	0	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	10	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	40	15	25	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	30	0	25	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	20	10	10	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	10	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	10	10	10	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	40	10	35	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	259,760	126,450	133,315	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	16,870	8,735	8,135	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	20	15	10	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	10	0	0	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	1,635	840	795	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	175	90	85	1,085	625	470
Oromo	85	50	45	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	1,275	645	630	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	115	70	50	480	220	265
Semitic languages	15,465	8,010	7,455	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	1,485	750	735	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	11,055	5,760	5,295	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	690	335	355	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	115	65	50	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	0	0	0	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	1,070	590	480	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	535	290	240	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	1,380	655	720	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	115	60	55	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	25	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,475	4,000	4,470	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	860	360	500	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	7,670	3,665	4,005	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	7,895	2,910	4,980	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	0	0	0	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	340	85	255	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	0	0	0	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	150	55	95	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	305	75	230	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	0	0	0	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	635	280	355	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	50	20	30	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	10	10	10	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,040	2,575	4,470	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	15	0	15	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	70	25	45	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	805	410	395	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	30	20	10	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	350	170	170	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	450	235	210	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	4,230	2,235	2,000	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	320	170	145	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	1,110	565	550	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	2,530	1,325	1,205	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	570	330	240	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	500	235	260	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	186,235	91,060	95,175	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	1,265	700	565	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	1,085	530	555	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	36,970	17,630	19,350	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	865	405	460	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	430	220	210	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	430	185	250	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	36,245	17,305	18,945	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	90	35	55	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,085	530	560	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	355	165	195	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	4,510	2,235	2,280	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	1,730	840	885	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	845	405	435	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	12,215	5,730	6,490	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	6,110	2,830	3,275	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	7,645	3,920	3,730	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	790	375	415	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	1,175	580	595	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	760	340	420	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	2,465	1,030	1,435	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	300	140	165	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	270	130	140	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	140	70	70	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	70	25	55	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	65	45	20	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	43,685	20,840	22,845	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	585	300	285	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	755	335	425	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	9,965	4,645	5,325	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	190	80	110	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	34,035	16,465	17,565	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	20	10	0	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	230	120	115	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	450	205	245	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	135	60	75	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	30	15	25	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	400	215	185	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	3,375	1,665	1,705	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	36,750	18,940	17,810	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	29,215	15,190	14,020	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	1,715	950	760	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	4,895	2,505	2,390	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	10,115	5,300	4,810	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	20	10	10	905	490	420
Konkani	125	65	55	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	365	190	175	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	700	365	335	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	35	10	25	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	11,015	5,770	5,250	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	495	225	270	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	805	400	405	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	8,155	4,280	3,880	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	8,140	4,055	4,080	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	910	455	455	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	1,390	715	675	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	6,215	3,080	3,130	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	390	170	220	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	67,265	32,725	34,535	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	25	25	0	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	16,000	8,285	7,715	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	20,175	10,065	10,115	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	7,970	3,815	4,165	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	25,240	11,545	13,695	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	105	65	35	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	1,525	780	750	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	10	0	15	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	15	0	15	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	3,425	1,615	1,805	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	20	15	10	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	20	15	0	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	2,305	1,220	1,090	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	265	145	115	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	10	0	0	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	45	30	15	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	35	25	10	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	10	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	10	15	0	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	25	0	25	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	150	110	40	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	150	85	70	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	10	30	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	70	15	50	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	210	105	105	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	760	385	370	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	10	10	0	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	425	240	185	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	400	200	195	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	440	200	235	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	10	0	10	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	430	195	230	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	2,065	765	1,300	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	1,155	395	765	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	930	380	555	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	22,510	11,110	11,400	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	22,065	10,880	11,180	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	5,975	2,910	3,070	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	195	90	105	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	16,100	7,865	8,230	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	10	0	0	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	660	325	340	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	225	120	100	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,130	590	545	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	485	250	230	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	185	85	100	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	120	65	60	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	20	15	10	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	285	150	140	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	1,910	960	950	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	1,590	795	790	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	395	175	215	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	2,365	1,235	1,125	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	150	95	50	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	1,725	920	805	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	10	0	10	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	455	220	235	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	105	45	60	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	5,870	2,810	3,065	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	440	195	240	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	785	320	465	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	4,655	2,295	2,360	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	215	105	110	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,278,730	631,345	647,390	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,220,120	602,845	617,275	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	265,080	135,935	129,145	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	955,040	466,910	488,130	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	58,610	28,500	30,115	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,278,735	631,340	647,390	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	1,038,695	514,830	523,865	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	227,015	109,615	117,405	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	86,255	41,590	44,670	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	29,685	14,635	15,055	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	40,515	19,635	20,875	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	47,915	22,935	24,980	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	24,650	11,930	12,720	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	23,265	11,005	12,265	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	22,645	10,815	11,830	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	13,020	6,900	6,120	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	227,015	109,615	117,400	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	28,080	14,125	13,955	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	47,240	24,300	22,935	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	52,115	23,725	28,390	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	85,435	41,190	44,240	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	14,145	6,260	7,885	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	227,015	109,615	117,405	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	33,275	15,170	18,105	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	1,065	460	600	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	2,220	980	1,240	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	2,570	1,195	1,370	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	3,465	1,530	1,930	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	95	55	40	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	3,905	1,860	2,045	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	2,225	1,070	1,155	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	495	235	260	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	1,800	885	915	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,665	3,545	5,120	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	6,785	3,350	3,435	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	111,940	54,420	57,520	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	3,565	1,830	1,735	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	2,865	1,425	1,445	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	815	425	385	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	9,870	4,685	5,180	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	1,275	635	640	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	1,970	995	975	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,420	685	735	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	6,940	3,790	3,155	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	6,405	3,175	3,230	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	8,345	3,885	4,460	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	11,370	5,590	5,780	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	6,290	2,970	3,315	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	1,860	835	1,025	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	3,475	1,745	1,730	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	1,800	815	985	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	33,515	16,055	17,465	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	10,155	4,880	5,270	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	11,380	5,750	5,630	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	90	50	40	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	1,610	815	795	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	1,265	660	605	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	800	375	425	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	140	75	65	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	635	360	285	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	795	375	420	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	1,290	635	660	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	4,745	2,405	2,345	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	69,500	33,795	35,700	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	2,230	1,070	1,165	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	1,090	580	510	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	9,960	4,630	5,325	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,225	670	560	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	13,330	6,785	6,545	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	2,580	1,375	1,205	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	2,540	1,310	1,225	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	315	105	210	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	2,335	1,180	1,160	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	980	510	465	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	5,700	2,980	2,720	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	7,005	2,755	4,255	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	1,985	985	995	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,965	990	980	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	735	340	390	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	5,970	2,755	3,215	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	9,550	4,770	4,785	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	925	480	445	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	22,645	10,820	11,830	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	2,995	1,380	1,615	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	140	70	70	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	345	120	230	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	165	65	95	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	35	20	10	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	255	155	105	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	340	180	165	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	915	375	540	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	85	40	45	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	710	355	360	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	3,395	1,665	1,730	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	105	60	40	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	200	95	110	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	115	65	50	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	30	10	20	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	315	130	185	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	195	70	125	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	210	95	115	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	820	465	350	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	1,400	670	730	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	2,265	1,120	1,150	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	10	10	0	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	10	10	10	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	35	20	15	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	315	145	165	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	525	260	270	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	325	160	165	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	20	10	10	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	170	95	70	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	210	100	115	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	140	60	80	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	10	10	0	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	485	250	240	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	13,890	6,575	7,315	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	305	115	190	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	210	95	115	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,130	975	1,150	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	30	10	20	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	2,770	1,480	1,295	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	630	330	295	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	925	525	400	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	110	70	40	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	60	20	45	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	210	85	125	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	105	45	65	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	160	60	95	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	905	425	480	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	2,035	820	1,215	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	150	100	50	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	225	85	135	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,275	635	645	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	85	45	45	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	100	65	35	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	75	30	45	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	465	190	270	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	915	365	550	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	100	75	25	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	70	40	25	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	30	35	0	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,278,730	631,345	647,390	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	245,900	119,580	126,320	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	258,900	129,330	129,565	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	773,935	382,435	391,495	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	144,280	69,745	74,530	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	63,050	32,550	30,500	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	23,525	16,505	7,030	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	39,520	16,045	23,470	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	46,135	18,640	27,495	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	33,780	17,945	15,835	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,320	615	700	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,278,730	631,345	647,390	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	35,485	17,015	18,475	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	34,085	16,385	17,700	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	18,340	8,660	9,675	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	15,380	7,550	7,830	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	375	180	195	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	675	335	330	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	730	290	435	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,243,240	614,325	628,915	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,278,730	631,340	647,385	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	10,910	5,130	5,780	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,267,825	626,215	641,615	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,278,735	631,345	647,390	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	6,405	3,150	3,255	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	6,285	3,080	3,205	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	4,475	2,145	2,330	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	1,720	890	835	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	90	45	45	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	125	70	50	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	120	65	55	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	46,745	22,175	24,570	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	45,585	21,655	23,935	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30,390	14,385	16,005	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,550	6,950	7,595	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	645	315	335	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,160	520	635	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,045	470	575	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	45	40	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,225,580	606,020	619,560	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,278,730	631,345	647,385	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	166,375	82,960	83,415	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	42,565	22,315	20,250	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	24,865	12,085	12,780	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	27,165	13,950	13,215	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	10,380	4,350	6,020	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	15,065	7,300	7,765	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	9,085	4,730	4,350	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	13,275	6,465	6,810	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	7,085	3,550	3,540	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	3,895	1,925	1,975	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	1,685	750	930	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	5,195	2,525	2,675	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	6,125	3,020	3,100	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	1,112,360	548,380	563,970	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,278,730	631,340	647,390	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	53,150	25,325	27,825	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	36,115	17,115	19,000	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	855	415	440	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	17,470	8,390	9,080	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	393,565	194,175	199,395	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	1,625	755	875	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	15,135	7,460	7,675	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	381,555	188,380	193,175	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	2,355	1,180	1,180	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	225	105	120	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	210	100	115	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	455	235	225	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	65	35	30	1,895	950	945
European origins	949,320	465,865	483,450	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	631,120	306,615	324,505	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	95	50	45	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	70	35	35	1,975	995	975
English	370,000	178,770	191,235	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	264,805	124,920	139,885	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	335	150	185	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	278,755	134,155	144,600	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	25,955	12,210	13,745	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	41,110	19,460	21,650	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	130,070	61,525	68,550	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	420	180	240	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	15	10	0	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	35	20	15	1,750	950	805
French	129,680	61,360	68,325	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	283,300	139,025	144,275	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	9,695	4,935	4,760	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	35	30	10	940	485	455
Belgian	4,870	2,380	2,490	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	71,730	35,295	36,440	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	420	210	205	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	345	155	190	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	207,565	101,545	106,020	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	155	100	60	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	14,635	7,180	7,450	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	80	55	25	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	27,955	13,540	14,410	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	6,595	3,150	3,440	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	6,730	3,385	3,340	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	1,295	605	695	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	6,855	3,335	3,520	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	6,640	3,090	3,550	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,665	905	765	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	135,345	65,810	69,530	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	960	455	505	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	665	310	355	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	5,180	2,615	2,565	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	1,640	735	905	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	1,515	715	800	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	18,230	9,160	9,070	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	1,895	945	950	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	2,920	1,465	1,455	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	225	85	135	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	53,545	25,970	27,570	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	13,150	6,200	6,955	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	15,030	7,205	7,820	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	4,045	2,065	1,985	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	35,280	16,920	18,355	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	415	200	215	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	155,400	78,965	76,435	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	1,515	830	685	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	1,670	830	835	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	10	10	10	1,280	740	535
Croatian	8,050	4,050	4,005	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	785	410	380	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	9,160	4,580	4,575	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	73,455	37,815	35,645	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	120	65	55	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	2,200	1,055	1,145	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	3,635	1,830	1,805	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	265	135	130	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	37,425	19,170	18,260	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	9,030	4,620	4,410	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	395	210	185	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	3,050	1,540	1,505	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	12,625	5,840	6,780	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	2,740	1,290	1,450	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	85	45	40	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	5,565	2,780	2,790	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	145	65	80	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	3,015	1,540	1,475	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	120	55	65	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	180	90	90	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	2,140	1,050	1,090	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	21,645	10,900	10,745	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	130	55	80	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	200	95	105	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	1,710	895	820	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	255	95	160	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	120	70	45	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	1,095	505	590	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	475	295	185	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	370	170	195	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	10	10	0	1,125	515	605
Haitian	275	130	140	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	11,625	5,885	5,740	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	110	55	55	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	0	0	10	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	40	25	15	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	130	50	75	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	255	145	105	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	3,160	1,575	1,585	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	390	185	200	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	2,385	1,145	1,245	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	565	320	250	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,520	11,825	12,690	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	725	350	375	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	60	40	15	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	890	430	465	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	20	20	10	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	105	55	55	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	1,460	670	790	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	875	400	475	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	3,295	1,495	1,800	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	160	75	90	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	1,335	675	665	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	1,025	515	515	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	4,425	2,165	2,255	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	510	255	260	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	240	140	105	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	200	115	75	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	3,585	1,735	1,860	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	720	375	340	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	160	85	75	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	55	10	45	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	925	495	430	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	3,180	1,500	1,675	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	410	205	200	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	565	250	320	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,150	545	600	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	20,860	10,620	10,235	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	2,635	1,495	1,150	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	25	10	15	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	60	30	25	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	15	10	10	1,585	855	735
Beninese	25	15	15	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	0	0	0	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	85	25	60	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	0	10	0	1,845	955	885
Congolese	300	160	140	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	10	10	0	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	0	0	0	845	470	375
Gabonese	0	0	0	1,405	660	750
Gambian	20	15	0	975	495	475
Ghanaian	555	290	260	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	45	25	25	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	75	30	45	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	10	10	0	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	100	50	50	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	10	10	10	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	0	0	0	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	1,080	630	450	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	10	0	10	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	10	0	0	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	50	30	25	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	0	0	0	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	0	0	0	840	495	345
Yoruba	230	135	95	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	175	95	80	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	4,955	2,625	2,320	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	250	135	110	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	45	15	25	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	90	40	45	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	10	0	0	900	500	400
Egyptian	2,785	1,475	1,315	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	230	130	95	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	10	0	10	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	410	235	170	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	1,165	600	575	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	65	40	25	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	55	30	20	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	8,030	3,965	4,065	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	45	20	20	1,870	955	915
Amhara	65	40	25	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	35	20	15	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	35	10	30	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	10	0	10	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	1,725	870	850	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	1,750	835	910	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	0	0	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	295	160	135	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	0	0	0	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	110	65	45	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	35	20	20	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	135	50	90	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	15	10	10	1,285	575	710
Somali	1,690	880	810	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	1,595	735	860	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	65	40	25	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	140	80	60	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	80	30	55	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	20	10	10	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	270	110	160	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	10	0	10	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	395	190	205	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	5,765	2,790	2,975	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	750	320	435	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	5,040	2,490	2,555	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	129,380	64,200	65,175	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25,605	12,955	12,655	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	3,665	1,750	1,910	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	2,010	1,110	900	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	2,000	1,030	965	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	435	230	210	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	210	100	115	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	105	35	70	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	60	35	20	1,515	810	705
Iranian	4,010	2,075	1,935	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	2,230	1,150	1,080	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	550	280	270	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	515	265	255	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	80	30	50	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	840	435	405	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	55	30	30	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	15	0	20	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	3,365	1,600	1,765	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	1,305	680	630	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	380	180	200	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	220	125	95	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	2,145	1,085	1,060	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	220	110	110	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	65	40	25	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	2,385	1,245	1,145	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	70	30	45	1,040	540	500
Uighur	10	0	10	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	345	150	190	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	55	25	25	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	845	430	410	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	44,600	23,150	21,450	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	920	505	420	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	455	245	210	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	240	125	110	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	31,155	16,110	15,050	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	185	100	85	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	325	165	160	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	55	30	30	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	645	345	300	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	6,435	3,445	2,990	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	2,590	1,365	1,225	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	385	185	205	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	2,130	1,065	1,065	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	555	270	280	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,930	1,000	930	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	60,385	28,690	31,695	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	760	385	380	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,215	560	655	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	30,590	14,965	15,630	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	11,455	4,885	6,570	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	555	280	270	805	420	390
Indonesian	720	320	400	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	2,375	1,065	1,315	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	85	50	40	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	4,070	2,025	2,045	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	2,355	1,200	1,150	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	385	200	185	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	140	60	75	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	45	25	20	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	540	260	280	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	730	355	375	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	35	20	10	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	9,605	4,695	4,905	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	245	110	135	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	615	305	315	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	620	305	315	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	2,100	1,100	995	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	1,360	705	655	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	480	275	205	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	265	125	135	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	90	40	50	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	65	30	35	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	20	10	15	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	30	15	10	1,530	725	805
Samoan	45	25	20	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	15	10	10	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	494,565	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	364,900	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	129,530	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	135	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	494,570	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	45,400	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	449,165	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	494,565	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	1,170	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	43,620	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	98,580	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	210,720	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	140,485	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	494,565	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	92,930	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	69,990	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	81,625	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	75,315	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	174,710	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	494,570	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	489,285	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	5,285	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	494,570	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	476,275	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	18,295	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	494,565	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	98,295	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	128,550	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	71,810	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	74,660	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	47,980	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	39,750	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	33,525	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	494,570	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	468,620	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	25,945	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	494,565	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	267,955	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	214,100	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	12,510	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	494,565	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	13,870	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	68,255	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	86,110	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	107,185	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	98,805	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	69,140	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	37,605	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	13,595	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	488,655	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	370,195	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	118,460	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	104,330	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	359,945	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	64.1	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	17.1	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,360	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,414	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	375,567	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	418,737	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	129,250	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	12.5	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	44.0	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,012	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,072	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,054,095	516,380	537,720	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	197,875	101,795	96,070	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	312,895	155,205	157,690	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	543,330	259,375	283,955	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	73,725	53,915	19,810	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	33,390	20,825	12,570	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	40,330	33,090	7,240	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	238,320	101,475	136,845	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	18,210	8,460	9,750	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	213,085	95,530	117,550	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	145,665	62,320	83,345	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	13,840	5,820	8,020	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,275	3,025	2,250	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	39,395	18,560	20,840	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	8,905	5,805	3,100	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	691,850	338,850	353,005	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	80,370	44,745	35,630	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	190,660	97,195	93,470	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420,825	196,915	223,910	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	51,525	37,800	13,730	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	23,345	14,595	8,745	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	28,180	23,205	4,980	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	187,210	80,120	107,090	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	12,530	5,960	6,570	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	169,555	73,030	96,520	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	114,780	47,875	66,900	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10,820	4,195	6,630	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	4,165	2,110	2,050	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	32,885	14,595	18,280	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	6,910	4,255	2,660	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	510,760	257,000	253,765	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	31,900	7,470	24,430	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	31,900	7,470	24,435	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20,115	8,490	11,625	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,425	2,505	920	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	16,690	5,985	10,710	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	30,200	11,400	18,795	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,205	465	1,740	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	8,030	2,175	5,855	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,890	2,310	4,580	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	195	70	130	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,365	1,255	1,110	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,645	2,155	1,495	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	5,405	2,770	2,635	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	1,450	195	1,255	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65,545	19,370	46,170	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	795	185	605	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	6,015	2,275	3,745	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	14,315	1,030	13,280	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	8,770	2,285	6,490	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,485	275	1,210	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	11,770	2,865	8,900	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	22,400	10,455	11,945	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	101,370	38,140	63,230	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	245	40	210	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,540	1,660	7,885	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	91,585	36,450	55,140	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20,955	10,165	10,790	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,650	3,965	5,685	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,485	2,105	2,375	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	305	75	230	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	5,590	3,695	1,900	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	925	315	605	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	21,695	14,045	7,655	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15,260	10,555	4,700	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	1,200	195	1,010	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,675	2,895	1,785	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	555	395	160	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	117,395	107,890	9,510	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	3,925	2,535	1,395	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	22,080	18,280	3,795	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25,760	23,220	2,540	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	22,265	21,760	500	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25,785	25,205	585	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	17,575	16,890	695	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	13,100	8,085	5,020	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	8,390	5,195	3,190	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	4,715	2,885	1,830	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	82,200	14,470	67,735	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	8,865	4,055	4,810	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	72,040	9,620	62,420	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,295	795	505	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	38,355	19,815	18,545	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	18,945	4,765	14,185	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	85	75	15	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	210	50	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	12,935	9,165	3,775	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,135	5,605	525	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	495	50	445	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	500	45	450	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	691,850	338,845	353,005	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	271,030	141,935	129,095	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	22,825	5,040	17,785	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	22,825	5,035	17,785	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15,535	6,360	9,175	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,440	1,780	655	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	13,095	4,580	8,520	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	22,065	8,050	14,010	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	1,640	265	1,375	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	6,060	1,580	4,480	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	5,005	1,700	3,310	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	145	45	95	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,695	925	775	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,420	1,415	1,005	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	4,065	2,040	2,030	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	1,030	85	940	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	52,035	14,480	37,555	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	625	145	475	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,020	1,875	3,145	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	11,335	700	10,630	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	7,460	1,640	5,820	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,155	205	950	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	8,960	1,975	6,985	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	17,480	7,930	9,550	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	80,590	29,470	51,115	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	210	30	175	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,895	1,270	6,625	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	72,480	28,165	44,315	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	16,065	7,530	8,535	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	7,495	2,980	4,520	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,355	1,550	1,805	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	265	55	210	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	4,255	2,710	1,540	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	695	230	460	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	18,505	12,035	6,470	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	13,560	9,375	4,185	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	885	120	770	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,575	2,195	1,375	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	485	345	140	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	89,380	81,240	8,140	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	3,220	2,005	1,215	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	17,590	14,265	3,320	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	19,910	17,790	2,115	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	16,425	15,990	435	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	19,245	18,765	475	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	12,985	12,425	565	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10,105	5,935	4,170	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,355	3,710	2,650	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,745	2,225	1,520	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	62,960	10,950	52,005	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,870	3,050	3,820	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	55,090	7,365	47,730	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	995	535	465	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	30,380	15,765	14,610	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	14,475	3,535	10,945	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	65	50	15	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	150	120	30	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	10,680	7,465	3,215	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,000	4,595	415	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	375	45	335	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	375	50	330	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	510,765	257,000	253,765	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	543,330	259,380	283,955	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	471,490	222,460	249,030	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	444,185	209,420	234,770	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	27,305	13,040	14,260	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	71,840	36,920	34,925	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,935	6,320	5,615	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	3,480	1,030	2,450	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	6,640	3,475	3,170	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	10,265	6,195	4,065	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	4,280	2,035	2,245	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	435	230	205	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	34,800	17,625	17,170	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	691,855	338,845	353,005	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	271,035	141,935	129,100	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	420,820	196,910	223,910	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	368,825	171,775	197,050	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	347,940	161,735	186,200	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	20,890	10,035	10,850	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	51,990	25,135	26,860	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	8,915	4,450	4,460	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	3,090	900	2,195	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	5,380	2,675	2,710	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	4,985	2,860	2,120	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	3,605	1,695	1,910	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	295	150	145	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	25,720	12,410	13,310	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,054,095	516,375	537,715	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	715,000	373,965	341,040	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	669,715	350,850	318,865	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	45,285	23,110	22,175	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	339,095	142,410	196,680	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	67.8	72.4	63.4	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	63.5	67.9	59.3	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	6.3	6.2	6.5	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,054,095	516,380	537,715	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	313,585	130,465	183,115	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	740,515	385,915	354,605	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	405,195	232,865	172,335	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	335,315	153,050	182,265	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.5	44.2	42.8	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	715,000	373,965	341,040	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,560	6,010	6,550	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	702,445	367,955	334,490	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	621,560	318,465	303,090	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	80,885	49,490	31,395	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	715,000	373,965	341,040	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,560	6,010	6,545	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	702,445	367,955	334,485	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	77,970	48,190	29,780	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	98,950	27,345	71,600	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	46,205	36,265	9,940	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	41,835	6,835	35,005	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	79,785	26,255	53,530	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	18,050	7,730	10,315	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	159,565	63,605	95,960	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	111,660	104,260	7,400	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	14,480	10,595	3,885	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	53,940	36,870	17,070	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	715,000	373,960	341,040	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,555	6,010	6,550	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	702,440	367,950	334,490	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	13,335	8,165	5,170	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,420	1,225	200	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	3,985	3,125	855	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	56,505	49,890	6,615	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	101,390	72,750	28,640	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	28,915	20,015	8,905	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	79,825	36,455	43,370	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30,180	21,985	8,200	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	15,160	8,405	6,750	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	30,190	11,150	19,040	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	12,290	6,245	6,050	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45,145	24,315	20,825	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	965	460	505	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	32,045	18,055	13,995	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	55,915	17,550	38,365	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	70,850	10,360	60,490	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15,010	7,610	7,400	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	47,095	17,665	29,440	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	28,150	13,685	14,465	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	34,060	18,855	15,200	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	669,715	350,855	318,865	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	50,500	24,240	26,260	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	2,275	1,535	745	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	75,095	56,230	18,860	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	541,850	268,850	272,995	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	541,850	268,850	272,995	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	243,800	108,520	135,280	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	167,395	83,110	84,285	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	129,095	76,305	52,790	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	1,560	920	640	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	616,945	325,085	291,860	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	509,305	275,185	234,115	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	41,670	19,225	22,445	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	27,130	11,695	15,435	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	27,710	12,210	15,500	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	5,620	4,100	1,520	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	5,505	2,665	2,840	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	616,945	325,080	291,860	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	189,115	86,755	102,365	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	213,840	106,340	107,500	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	96,960	54,950	42,005	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	47,575	29,385	18,190	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	69,455	47,655	21,795	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	616,945	325,080	291,860	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	56,025	40,870	15,150	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	112,880	73,055	39,830	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	148,975	75,585	73,390	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	128,675	51,255	77,415	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	61,595	24,750	36,850	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	108,800	59,575	49,225	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	761,890	396,075	365,820	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	757,210	394,010	363,200	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	751,080	390,800	360,280	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	748,070	390,090	357,975	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	3,015	710	2,305	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	6,125	3,205	2,925	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	0	10	10	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	10	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	0	0	0	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,125	3,205	2,920	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	205	140	65	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	0	0	10	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	200	140	60	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	0	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	145	110	40	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	25	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	10	0	10	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	225	95	125	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	215	90	120	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	30	15	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	35	10	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	20	0	20	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	90	50	45
Tamil	20	0	20	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	4,225	2,225	2,000	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	20	15	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	0	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	340	135	200	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	10	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	10	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	335	140	195	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	0	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	10	0	95	45	55
Polish	125	50	75	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	105	35	75	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	55	30	25	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	35	15	25	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	2,700	1,375	1,320	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	295	145	145	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	10	40	25	15
German	2,360	1,215	1,150	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	720	495	225
Greek	10	10	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	375	185	195	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	310	155	155	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	10	0	10	530	275	245
Gujarati	30	10	20	880	300	585
Hindi	20	10	15	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	15	0	10	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	170	110	65	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	60	15	40	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	70	30	35	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	15	10	0	185	150	40
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	55	20	30	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	780	500	280	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	65	40	25	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	375	260	115	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	35	25	10	745	365	380
Spanish	300	180	115	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	25	10	10
Japanese	40	0	35	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	210	105	100	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	115	35	80	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	85	30	50	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	0	30	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	935	500	440	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	935	495	435	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	220	125	100	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	645	335	315	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	45	20	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	40	25	20	675	270	405
Lao	30	20	10	150	70	80
Thai	15	0	10	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	0	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	15	10	10	685	435	255
Uyghur	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	10	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	20	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	0	0	10	105	40	65
Hungarian	25	15	15	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	4,680	2,065	2,610	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	1,835	605	1,230	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	2,770	1,425	1,340	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	0	0	0	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	70	35	45	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	761,890	396,075	365,815	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	735,385	383,495	351,885	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	4,765	1,995	2,770	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	9,710	4,020	5,690	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	11,605	6,390	5,225	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	155	70	90	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	11,455	6,320	5,135	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	10	0	10	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	65	25	40	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	345	145	195	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,264,850	624,605	640,250	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	1,096,245	541,480	554,760	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	168,610	83,115	85,490	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	83,100	40,950	42,150	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	85,510	42,170	43,340	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	75,595	37,300	38,295	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	69,675	34,315	35,360	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	5,920	2,985	2,935	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	9,915	4,870	5,045	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,207,600	595,310	612,290	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	739,030	364,795	374,235	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	468,570	230,510	238,060	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	222,360	109,295	113,060	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	246,210	121,220	124,995	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	215,390	105,905	109,490	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	200,575	98,475	102,100	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	14,815	7,425	7,385	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	30,820	15,315	15,505	1,381,460	682,625	698,835