Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruce, County [Census division], Ontario and Ayr [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Bruce, CTY Ontario [Census division]			Ayr Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Bruce, County [Census division], Ontario Map : Bruce, County [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Ayr [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	68,147	...	...	4,171	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	66,102	...	...	3,909^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.1	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	41,183	...	...	1,439	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	28,866	...	...	1,433	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	16.7	...	...	1,185.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4,090.20	...	...	3.52	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	68,145	33,625	34,520	4,175	2,105	2,070
0 to 14 years	10,770	5,430	5,335	900	475	425
0 to 4 years	3,790	1,925	1,865	260	125	130
5 to 9 years	3,645	1,830	1,820	320	185	135
10 to 14 years	3,335	1,680	1,655	320	165	160
15 to 64 years	41,305	20,565	20,740	2,830	1,415	1,415
15 to 19 years	3,410	1,770	1,640	310	155	155
20 to 24 years	3,320	1,705	1,615	255	135	120
25 to 29 years	3,535	1,795	1,745	180	90	95
30 to 34 years	3,935	1,975	1,960	265	130	135
35 to 39 years	3,520	1,795	1,725	285	135	150
40 to 44 years	3,220	1,625	1,600	325	160	165
45 to 49 years	3,535	1,720	1,815	310	165	145
50 to 54 years	5,055	2,425	2,630	375	185	180
55 to 59 years	5,805	2,855	2,950	320	150	170
60 to 64 years	5,965	2,910	3,060	210	115	95
65 years and over	16,075	7,630	8,440	445	215	225
65 to 69 years	5,500	2,775	2,720	165	85	80
70 to 74 years	3,970	1,985	1,980	125	55	70
75 to 79 years	2,740	1,330	1,405	70	40	35
80 to 84 years	2,020	915	1,105	45	20	25
85 years and over	1,850	620	1,230	40	10	25
85 to 89 years	1,175	420	755	25	10	15
90 to 94 years	545	165	375	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	105	25	80	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.8	16.1	15.5	21.6	22.6	20.5
15 to 64 years	60.6	61.2	60.1	67.8	67.2	68.4
65 years and over	23.6	22.7	24.4	10.7	10.2	10.9
85 years and over	2.7	1.8	3.6	1.0	0.5	1.2
Average age of the population	44.8	44.0	45.5	37.0	36.6	37.4
Median age of the population	48.5	47.2	49.5	38.1	37.5	38.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	28,870	...	...	1,430	...	...
Single-detached house	24,155	...	...	1,170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,465	...	...	265	...	...
Semi-detached house	645	...	...	100	...	...
Row house	1,180	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	320	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,165	...	...	115	...	...
Other single-attached house	155	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	245	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	28,865	...	...	1,435	...	...
1 person	8,090	...	...	220	...	...
2 persons	11,960	...	...	445	...	...
3 persons	3,595	...	...	260	...	...
4 persons	3,290	...	...	335	...	...
5 or more persons	1,930	...	...	175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	66,720	...	...	4,165	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	57,380	28,200	29,180	3,270	1,630	1,640
Married or living common law	37,130	18,575	18,550	2,245	1,125	1,120
Married	31,730	15,885	15,840	1,970	985	990
Living common law	5,400	2,690	2,710	270	135	135
Not married and not living common law	20,255	9,620	10,630	1,025	510	520
Never married	11,515	6,510	5,010	730	395	340
Separated	1,535	740	795	75	40	30
Divorced	3,035	1,420	1,615	125	50	75
Widowed	4,170	955	3,210	100	20	80
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,505	...	...	1,230	...	...
2 persons	12,160	...	...	485	...	...
3 persons	3,505	...	...	270	...	...
4 persons	3,155	...	...	330	...	...
5 or more persons	1,680	...	...	145	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,505	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total couple families	18,265	...	...	1,120	...	...
Married couples	15,570	...	...	980	...	...
Common-law couples	2,700	...	...	135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,240	...	...	110	...	...
Female parent	1,695	...	...	85	...	...
Male parent	540	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	18,265	...	...	1,120	...	...
Couples without children	10,785	...	...	435	...	...
Couples with children	7,480	...	...	685	...	...
1 child	2,900	...	...	225	...	...
2 children	2,965	...	...	320	...	...
3 or more children	1,620	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,240	...	...	110	...	...
1 child	1,375	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	605	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	260	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,955	4,875	5,085	310	155	155
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	28,865	...	...	1,430	...	...
One-census-family households	20,005	...	...	1,165	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,570	...	...	410	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	9,430	...	...	755	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	250	...	...	30	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,615	...	...	235	...	...
One-person households	8,090	...	...	215	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	525	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	67,185	33,340	33,845	4,165	2,100	2,070
English only	63,370	31,740	31,630	3,970	2,020	1,945
French only	10	0	5	0	0	0
English and French	3,485	1,450	2,035	195	80	115
Neither English nor French	330	150	175	0	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	67,190	33,340	33,845	4,165	2,100	2,070
English	66,235	32,900	33,330	4,130	2,085	2,050
French	580	270	310	30	15	15
English and French	50	20	30	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	325	150	175	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	610	280	325	30	20	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.7	1.0	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	67,190	33,340	33,845	4,165	2,100	2,070
Single responses	66,795	33,150	33,640	4,140	2,090	2,055
Official languages	62,170	30,885	31,280	3,935	1,990	1,945
English	61,545	30,605	30,940	3,900	1,975	1,925
French	625	280	340	35	20	20
Non-official languages	4,625	2,265	2,360	205	100	110
Aboriginal languages	215	100	115	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	210	100	115	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	210	100	110	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	205	100	110	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,410	2,165	2,245	210	100	105
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	20	0	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	130	45	85	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	45	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,815	1,900	1,920	185	90	95
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	390	190	200	25	5	20
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	370	180	190	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	15	5	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	135	65	70	10	5	10
Russian	55	30	30	0	5	0
Serbian	25	10	15	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	20	5	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,695	1,335	1,360	85	35	45
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	5	0	5	0
Dutch	615	315	300	30	10	20
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,040	995	1,045	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	15	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	360	190	175	10	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	325	170	155	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	80	35	40	0	0	0
Hindi	35	20	20	5	0	0
Kashmiri	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	125	70	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	20	10	5	5
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	15	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	325	160	165	50	30	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	115	70	40	15	5	5
Portuguese	65	35	30	30	15	10
Romanian	45	20	25	10	0	5
Spanish	105	35	65	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	30	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	60	80	10	5	5
Chinese languages	140	65	80	10	5	5
Cantonese	35	20	20	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	30	45	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	110	55	60	10	0	5
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	40	35	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	400	190	205	25	10	15
English and French	105	45	60	5	0	5
English and non-official language	275	140	135	15	10	10
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	67,190	33,340	33,845	4,170	2,100	2,070
Single responses	66,535	33,020	33,515	4,140	2,090	2,055
Official languages	64,385	31,960	32,430	4,110	2,075	2,035
English	64,265	31,910	32,360	4,105	2,075	2,030
French	115	50	70	0	0	5
Non-official languages	2,150	1,065	1,090	35	10	25
Aboriginal languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	25	35	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,090	1,040	1,050	35	15	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,850	920	935	30	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	130	60	65	5	5	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	55	60	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	15	20	0	0	0
Russian	40	20	20	5	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,450	720	730	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	165	85	85	10	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,280	635	645	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	90	90	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	165	85	80	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	25	25	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	45	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	40	45	5	5	0
Chinese languages	90	40	45	5	0	5
Cantonese	25	15	15	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	650	320	330	25	10	10
English and French	50	25	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	600	295	305	20	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	67,190	33,340	33,845	4,165	2,100	2,070
None	64,700	32,200	32,495	4,025	2,040	1,985
English	720	355	365	25	15	10
French	505	200	310	40	10	30
Non-official language	1,230	580	650	80	40	35
Aboriginal	160	80	85	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,065	500	565	80	45	35
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	55,970	27,690	28,275	3,270	1,625	1,640
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,510	27,130	27,380	3,160	1,580	1,580
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,887	44,638	26,381	46,165	59,187	35,968
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,550	27,130	27,420	3,160	1,580	1,580
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,801	39,619	24,306	40,565	49,749	31,776
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,870	25,285	24,590	3,035	1,530	1,500
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,482	41,796	21,898	43,797	57,835	32,179
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	39,655	18,580	21,075	1,980	845	1,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,078	8,203	7,999	3,014	746	4,128
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	39,155	21,195	17,960	2,675	1,380	1,295
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,723	34,384	22,654	45,875	59,216	34,112
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	55,970	27,695	28,275	3,250	1,635	1,615
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,525	27,135	27,395	3,155	1,590	1,565
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,367	61,142	35,715	54,757	65,902	43,429
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,570	27,130	27,440	3,155	1,590	1,565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,713	49,160	30,372	45,447	53,709	37,048
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,905	25,370	24,540	3,040	1,545	1,490
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,946	59,112	32,334	52,329	64,184	40,055
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,370	18,475	20,900	1,965	855	1,110
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,748	8,630	8,852	6,977	6,510	7,339
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,155	21,255	17,905	2,600	1,355	1,250
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,518	52,896	32,383	53,343	64,436	41,308
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	55,970	27,690	28,280	3,250	1,635	1,615
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,890	10,745	7,145	1,475	875	605
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,123	59,471	44,373	69,677	74,668	56,680
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	68,646	78,856	53,288	72,728	80,836	60,941
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.0	90.4	81.1	93.2	95.4	88.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.5	67.6	59.4	81.9	84.5	77.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.0	9.6	19.0	6.9	4.3	11.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	55,970	27,695	28,280	3,265	1,625	1,640
Without total income	1,460	565	895	110	50	60
With total income	54,510	27,130	27,385	3,160	1,580	1,580
Percentage with total income	97.4	98.0	96.8	96.8	97.2	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,435	2,810	4,625	375	150	225
$10,000 to $19,999	9,470	3,605	5,865	385	135	245
$20,000 to $29,999	7,835	3,175	4,660	340	130	210
$30,000 to $39,999	6,170	2,705	3,460	290	110	185
$40,000 to $49,999	5,210	2,665	2,545	315	135	180
$50,000 to $59,999	4,015	2,205	1,815	270	150	120
$60,000 to $69,999	2,985	1,820	1,165	240	140	100
$70,000 to $79,999	2,275	1,440	835	200	120	75
$80,000 to $89,999	1,635	1,035	605	190	110	80
$90,000 to $99,999	1,395	840	555	165	90	75
$100,000 and over	6,085	4,830	1,250	400	310	85
$100,000 to $149,999	3,805	2,850	955	295	230	65
$150,000 and over	2,280	1,980	300	105	85	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	55,970	27,690	28,275	3,265	1,625	1,640
Without after-tax income	1,420	560	855	110	50	60
With after-tax income	54,555	27,130	27,420	3,160	1,580	1,580
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	98.0	97.0	96.8	97.2	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,950	2,880	5,070	380	155	230
$10,000 to $19,999	9,790	3,755	6,030	405	145	265
$20,000 to $29,999	8,960	3,680	5,280	405	155	250
$30,000 to $39,999	7,155	3,395	3,755	370	150	225
$40,000 to $49,999	5,740	3,085	2,655	380	200	185
$50,000 to $59,999	4,005	2,390	1,610	320	185	135
$60,000 to $69,999	2,630	1,680	950	270	155	110
$70,000 to $79,999	2,105	1,325	780	250	150	100
$80,000 and over	6,220	4,925	1,295	380	290	90
$80,000 to $89,999	1,555	1,055	500	145	105	45
$90,000 to $99,999	1,300	1,000	305	80	65	20
$100,000 and over	3,360	2,870	490	150	120	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	55,970	27,695	28,280	3,270	1,625	1,640
Without employment income	16,810	6,495	10,315	595	245	350
With employment income	39,155	21,195	17,960	2,675	1,385	1,295
Percentage with employment income	70.0	76.5	63.5	81.8	85.2	79.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,885	4,415	3,475	295	135	165
$5,000 to $9,999	3,495	1,455	2,045	205	90	115
$10,000 to $19,999	5,060	2,235	2,825	285	110	175
$20,000 to $29,999	4,060	1,745	2,315	205	75	130
$30,000 to $39,999	3,655	1,675	1,985	225	80	145
$40,000 to $49,999	3,040	1,575	1,470	215	95	125
$50,000 to $59,999	2,290	1,305	980	215	120	100
$60,000 to $69,999	1,625	990	640	200	115	90
$70,000 to $79,999	1,140	695	445	165	95	65
$80,000 and over	6,905	5,115	1,795	660	470	190
$80,000 to $89,999	1,005	590	415	165	95	70
$90,000 to $99,999	1,000	540	460	145	80	65
$100,000 and over	4,900	3,990	920	345	285	60
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	28,865	...	...	1,435	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,193	...	...	109,269	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,926	...	...	92,288	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,090	...	...	220	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,926	...	...	42,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,556	...	...	37,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	20,775	...	...	1,215	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,620	...	...	122,419	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,616	...	...	101,998	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	28,865	...	...	1,460	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	91,366	...	...	118,333	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,078	...	...	98,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,055	...	...	235	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,757	...	...	51,854	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,178	...	...	44,178	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	20,815	...	...	1,220	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,853	...	...	131,259	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,581	...	...	108,719	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	28,870	...	...	1,430	...	...
Under $5,000	335	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	345	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	720	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,065	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,335	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,120	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,315	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,295	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,245	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,125	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,245	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,050	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,955	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,640	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,460	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,610	...	...	815	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,760	...	...	215	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,105	...	...	195	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,520	...	...	235	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,230	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	28,865	...	...	1,430	...	...
Under $5,000	375	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	355	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	735	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,120	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,445	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,305	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,470	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,455	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,475	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,340	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,665	...	...	100	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,390	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,125	...	...	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,855	...	...	125	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,570	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,190	...	...	645	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,910	...	...	265	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,820	...	...	165	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,460	...	...	215	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,420	...	...	1,210	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,786	...	...	121,301	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,756	...	...	101,440	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,435	...	...	395	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,862	...	...	98,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,632	...	...	83,712	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,540	...	...	690	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,253	...	...	139,947	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,732	...	...	116,941	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,110	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,659	...	...	78,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,336	...	...	70,912	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,410	...	...	1,225	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,282	...	...	130,422	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,867	...	...	108,005	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,410	...	...	415	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,127	...	...	103,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,974	...	...	88,015	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,555	...	...	685	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,002	...	...	152,009	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,615	...	...	124,167	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,120	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,458	...	...	91,364	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,919	...	...	76,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,130	4,490	4,645	260	135	125
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,258	38,380	30,336	40,576	48,768	32,448
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,366	34,294	28,082	35,584	41,856	30,528
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,090	4,410	4,685	260	125	130
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,020	54,070	40,383	51,826	58,121	45,728
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,887	43,402	34,636	44,156	48,689	39,766
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	66,720	33,115	33,605	4,165	2,100	2,065
In the bottom half of the distribution	30,925	14,810	16,115	1,115	535	585
In the bottom decile	5,890	2,920	2,975	80	40	40
In the second decile	6,615	3,000	3,610	105	40	60
In the third decile	6,345	2,925	3,420	190	90	95
In the fourth decile	6,080	2,950	3,130	320	155	165
In the fifth decile	5,990	3,015	2,980	430	210	215
In the top half of the distribution	35,795	18,305	17,490	3,050	1,565	1,485
In the sixth decile	6,180	3,090	3,090	480	245	230
In the seventh decile	6,725	3,380	3,340	565	270	290
In the eighth decile	6,990	3,585	3,410	635	345	295
In the ninth decile	7,960	4,035	3,920	765	390	380
In the top decile	7,945	4,215	3,725	605	320	285
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	65,070	32,310	32,755	4,165	2,100	2,065
0 to 17 years	12,295	6,250	6,045	1,085	565	515
0 to 5 years	4,350	2,210	2,140	325	170	155
18 to 64 years	37,955	18,840	19,115	2,640	1,320	1,320
65 years and over	14,815	7,225	7,595	440	215	230
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,655	4,090	4,565	120	55	65
0 to 17 years	2,205	1,140	1,070	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	845	420	425	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,740	2,280	2,470	75	30	40
65 years and over	1,705	675	1,030	35	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.3	12.7	13.9	2.9	2.6	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.9	18.2	17.7	1.4	1.8	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.4	19.0	19.9	1.5	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	12.1	12.9	2.8	2.3	3.0
65 years and over (%)	11.5	9.3	13.6	8.0	7.0	8.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,880	1,465	1,415	55	30	25
0 to 17 years	695	360	335	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	270	140	135	0	5	0
18 to 64 years	1,970	1,030	945	35	20	15
65 years and over	210	75	140	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.5	4.3	1.3	1.4	1.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.7	5.8	5.5	0.9	0.9	1.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.2	6.3	6.3	0.0	2.9	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.2	5.5	4.9	1.3	1.5	1.1
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.0	1.8	1.1	0.0	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	66,720	33,115	33,605	4,175	2,145	2,025
Official languages	66,355	32,980	33,375	4,170	2,150	2,025
English	66,355	32,980	33,375	4,170	2,150	2,025
French	3,455	1,470	1,985	210	85	120
Non-official languages	5,750	2,755	3,000	230	95	135
Aboriginal languages	355	150	205	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	345	150	195	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	340	150	195	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	335	150	190	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,400	2,600	2,800	230	95	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	50	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	35	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	30	80	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	30	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,710	2,300	2,415	205	90	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	350	170	180	15	0	10
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	335	160	175	10	0	10
Belarusan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Czech	50	25	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	40	45	0	0	0
Russian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Serbian	40	25	15	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	20	20	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,060	1,500	1,560	100	40	65
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	15	10	10
Dutch	800	405	395	45	15	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,460	1,190	1,265	45	25	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	60	35	25	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	545	270	275	0	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	485	255	230	0	0	0
Bengali	40	15	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	175	90	90	0	0	0
Hindi	235	145	90	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	55	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	155	85	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	25	40	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	15	40	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	730	355	380	75	35	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	180	105	75	10	10	0
Portuguese	100	45	55	40	20	20
Romanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	440	200	235	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	15	30	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	95	55	40	0	0	10
American Sign Language	25	15	10	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	35	30	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	90	105	0	0	0
Chinese languages	190	85	105	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	135	55	80	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	55	70	10	0	10
Estonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	30	50	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	66,720	33,120	33,605	4,170	2,145	2,025
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	65,650	32,600	33,050	4,110	2,105	2,000
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,685	6,445	6,240	1,075	585	485
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	52,965	26,160	26,810	3,035	1,520	1,520
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,065	510	555	65	40	25
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	66,720	33,115	33,605	4,170	2,145	2,025
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	61,470	30,560	30,915	3,815	1,970	1,845
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,135	2,510	2,625	350	175	175
Before 1981	3,065	1,570	1,490	205	95	105
1981 to 1990	440	165	270	50	30	25
1991 to 2000	580	240	340	10	10	0
2001 to 2010	700	360	340	85	40	50
2001 to 2005	425	215	210	70	30	40
2006 to 2010	275	145	130	10	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	355	175	180	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	110	50	60	0	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,135	2,510	2,625	350	180	170
Under 5 years	745	400	345	60	40	20
5 to 14 years	1,215	610	610	105	50	55
15 to 24 years	1,215	565	655	40	15	25
25 to 44 years	1,705	815	890	135	65	70
45 years and over	245	120	130	0	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,135	2,505	2,625	350	175	170
Americas	600	250	350	60	25	35
Brazil	10	0	10	10	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	10	15	10	10	0
Mexico	50	25	30	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	55	40	15	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	365	140	225	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	65	15	50	10	10	10
Europe	3,560	1,805	1,750	265	140	125
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	15	10	0	0	10
France	25	10	20	0	0	0
Germany	460	225	240	30	15	15
Greece	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	0	10	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Italy	80	65	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	445	255	190	40	10	35
Poland	65	30	40	10	10	0
Portugal	50	25	25	15	10	0
Romania	55	20	40	10	0	10
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	20	10	10	10	0
Ukraine	25	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,865	910	950	130	85	50
Other places of birth in Europe	280	150	135	15	0	10
Africa	80	55	25	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	15	0	0	0
Asia	865	375	485	15	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	120	35	85	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	15	0	0	0	0
India	290	150	145	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	10	30	10	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	15	25	10	10	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	100	45	55	0	0	0
Philippines	125	40	80	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	30	30	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	25	15	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	350	175	180	0	0	0
Americas	45	30	15	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	155	90	65	0	0	0
France	0	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	95	60	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	155	55	95	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	20	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	66,720	33,120	33,605	4,170	2,150	2,025
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,425	2,650	2,780	365	180	180
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,705	3,690	4,020	660	330	335
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	53,590	26,780	26,810	3,140	1,635	1,510
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,120	955	1,165	155	85	70
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,270	620	650	105	60	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	445	345	100	40	35	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	825	280	545	65	25	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	685	250	435	40	20	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	160	75	85	15	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	66,720	33,120	33,605	4,170	2,145	2,025
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,160	1,415	1,750	90	45	40
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,100	1,390	1,710	80	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,405	1,095	1,310	60	30	30
Métis	685	290	395	15	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	10	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	10	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	10	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	63,560	31,700	31,860	4,080	2,100	1,985
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	66,720	33,115	33,605	4,170	2,145	2,025
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,140	975	1,160	35	20	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	64,580	32,140	32,440	4,140	2,130	2,010
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	66,720	33,115	33,605	4,170	2,145	2,025
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,505	715	795	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,510	710	795	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,415	675	735	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	95	30	60	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,275	1,000	1,270	135	70	65
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,200	980	1,220	135	70	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,605	720	890	125	65	60
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	575	260	315	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	20	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	62,940	31,405	31,535	4,040	2,075	1,960
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	66,720	33,115	33,600	4,170	2,150	2,025
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,805	885	920	80	35	45
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	650	335	320	10	0	10
Chinese	250	105	140	0	0	0
Black	315	210	105	35	15	20
Filipino	185	70	110	0	0	0
Latin American	45	15	35	0	0	0
Arab	60	35	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	15	15	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	55	15	40	0	0	0
Korean	75	30	50	10	10	0
Japanese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	50	20	25	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	25	25	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	64,915	32,235	32,685	4,090	2,110	1,980
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	66,720	33,115	33,600	4,175	2,150	2,025
North American Aboriginal origins	3,780	1,715	2,070	135	70	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,085	1,415	1,670	125	65	60
Inuit	35	10	25	0	10	0
Métis	735	310	420	0	0	0
Other North American origins	22,650	11,170	11,480	1,510	815	695
Acadian	65	30	35	15	0	10
American	580	325	260	55	25	30
Canadian	22,205	10,935	11,275	1,485	805	675
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	80	35	40	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	52,580	25,950	26,635	3,450	1,735	1,715
British Isles origins	39,500	19,390	20,105	2,505	1,300	1,210
Channel Islander	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	15	0	10	0	0	0
English	22,320	10,700	11,620	1,395	745	655
Irish	17,350	8,460	8,885	1,015	490	520
Manx	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	20,240	9,840	10,405	1,225	625	600
Welsh	1,395	670	720	170	95	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,445	725	715	210	100	105
French origins	6,015	2,845	3,170	505	250	260
Alsatian	15	0	20	10	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,000	2,850	3,150	505	245	255
Western European origins (except French origins)	21,295	10,645	10,655	1,470	730	745
Austrian	425	185	240	25	15	0
Bavarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	340	225	115	50	25	25
Dutch	4,100	2,080	2,025	325	135	190
Flemish	35	25	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	17,185	8,500	8,690	1,140	585	550
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,160	540	615	10	10	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,210	565	645	90	40	50
Danish	240	95	140	30	0	20
Finnish	260	100	160	20	15	15
Icelandic	60	35	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	265	155	110	20	10	0
Swedish	405	180	225	15	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,305	2,105	2,200	400	160	240
Bulgarian	45	25	25	10	0	10
Byelorussian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	225	90	135	15	0	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	75	20	55	25	10	15
Estonian	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	590	250	335	60	10	40
Latvian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Lithuanian	95	40	55	10	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,590	830	765	160	75	85
Romanian	245	135	105	35	10	25
Russian	410	180	235	30	10	15
Slovak	135	55	80	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,125	600	525	120	65	55
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,685	1,320	1,365	375	210	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	160	70	85	15	0	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	195	105	90	15	10	0
Italian	1,600	810	795	125	75	55
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Maltese	90	40	55	15	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	305	150	155	120	70	50
Serbian	75	40	35	20	20	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	20	40	30	15	15
Spanish	230	95	135	20	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	90	50	45	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	295	125	170	10	0	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	150	50	100	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	115	60	55	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	380	235	140	45	20	25
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	15	10	15	0	0
Dominican	15	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	210	135	75	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	30	10	10	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	15	10	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	220	105	110	15	10	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	35	15	15	10	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	65	30	40	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	190	100	95	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	25	10	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	55	35	20	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	15	0	0	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	10	0	0	0
South African	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	95	40	60	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	85	35	50	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,595	770	830	60	15	40
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	295	165	135	25	10	15
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	60	40	25	20	0	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	75	25	50	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	15	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	700	365	330	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	525	280	245	10	0	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	125	65	65	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	650	275	375	20	10	10
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	320	140	175	10	10	0
Filipino	175	70	105	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	60	25	35	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	30	50	10	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	30	20	0	0	0
Australian	40	25	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	28,865	...	...	1,455	...	...
Owner	23,530	...	...	1,315	...	...
Renter	5,285	...	...	145	...	...
Band housing	50	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	28,865	...	...	1,460	...	...
Condominium	1,085	...	...	60	...	...
Not condominium	27,775	...	...	1,395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	28,865	...	...	1,460	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,660	...	...	55	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,915	...	...	200	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,285	...	...	695	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,955	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	28,865	...	...	1,460	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,090	...	...	105	...	...
5 rooms	3,705	...	...	150	...	...
6 rooms	4,620	...	...	200	...	...
7 rooms	4,755	...	...	200	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,700	...	...	805	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	28,865	...	...	1,460	...	...
One person or fewer per room	28,710	...	...	1,460	...	...
More than 1 person per room	160	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	28,870	...	...	1,455	...	...
Suitable	28,355	...	...	1,440	...	...
Not suitable	515	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	28,865	...	...	1,460	...	...
1960 or before	9,250	...	...	300	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,500	...	...	145	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,475	...	...	310	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,740	...	...	435	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,395	...	...	90	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,965	...	...	80	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,535	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	28,870	...	...	1,460	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	26,845	...	...	1,400	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,015	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	28,865	...	...	1,460	...	...
1 household maintainer	17,535	...	...	605	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,100	...	...	850	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	230	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	28,865	...	...	1,460	...	...
15 to 24 years	510	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,500	...	...	180	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,775	...	...	280	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,590	...	...	370	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,775	...	...	300	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,730	...	...	215	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,945	...	...	80	...	...
85 years and over	1,035	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	26,720	...	...	1,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	21,200	...	...	1,315	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,515	...	...	145	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,925	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	21,625	...	...	1,310	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	51.3	...	...	63.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.8	...	...	7.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	896	...	...	1,426	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,120	...	...	1,402	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	274,563	...	...	400,743	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	315,055	...	...	427,847	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,125	...	...	145	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.4	...	...	27.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	836	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	878	...	...	1,066	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55,970	27,695	28,280	3,255	1,635	1,615
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,080	5,780	5,300	450	220	235
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,885	7,110	7,770	925	460	465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,005	14,805	15,205	1,875	955	920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,975	4,570	1,405	260	210	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,305	1,455	850	85	60	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,665	3,115	555	175	150	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,690	6,060	8,635	855	410	445
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,240	540	700	50	40	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,105	3,635	4,470	705	290	420
Bachelor's degree	5,960	2,670	3,295	495	190	305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	565	195	370	55	20	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	185	105	85	10	0	0
Master's degree	1,260	590	665	120	55	65
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	135	75	60	25	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	34,260	16,950	17,305	2,190	1,095	1,095
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,230	2,415	1,820	130	80	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,055	4,445	4,615	545	255	290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,965	10,095	10,870	1,520	760	750
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,820	2,965	855	170	140	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,420	910	505	55	45	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,405	2,055	350	115	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,785	4,470	6,310	750	375	380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	645	295	345	35	35	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,715	2,360	3,355	560	215	345
Bachelor's degree	4,310	1,840	2,470	390	145	245
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	350	70	275	50	20	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	50	65	10	0	10
Master's degree	850	355	500	95	40	55
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	45	40	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55,970	27,690	28,280	3,255	1,635	1,615
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,965	12,890	13,075	1,375	680	700
Education	2,165	560	1,605	115	25	90
13. Education	2,165	560	1,605	115	20	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	795	355	445	55	25	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	85	15	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	695	270	420	45	20	25
Humanities	1,125	395	735	90	30	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	10	40	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	245	55	190	20	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	340	125	210	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	25	40	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	90	90	10	0	10
54. History	190	85	105	20	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,505	625	1,875	225	50	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	215	95	120	20	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	750	40	710	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	375	85	285	40	0	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	10	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	350	95	250	40	10	30
45. Social sciences	735	295	435	105	35	70
Business, management and public administration	4,600	1,360	3,235	305	75	225
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	385	60	330	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,195	1,295	2,900	275	80	190
Physical and life sciences and technologies	960	610	350	75	55	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	95	195	40	25	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	90	60	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	305	265	45	20	15	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	220	165	50	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	570	285	280	50	40	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	395	220	180	25	20	0
25. Library science	60	10	55	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	50	45	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,830	8,170	660	515	485	35
04. Architecture and related services	135	100	30	20	10	15
14. Engineering	1,355	1,125	230	75	65	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,065	1,810	255	115	105	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,140	2,120	20	60	60	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,200	2,130	70	120	120	0
48. Precision production	945	885	60	120	120	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,035	715	320	70	40	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	765	535	230	45	25	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	275	185	90	25	15	15
Health and related fields	4,890	605	4,290	245	30	215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	445	220	225	15	0	20
51. Health professions and related programs	4,430	380	4,055	215	25	190
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,515	1,120	1,395	140	105	35
12. Personal and culinary services	1,325	185	1,135	25	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	680	440	245	95	75	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	495	480	15	20	20	0
Other	25	0	25	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	0	25	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	34,255	16,955	17,300	2,195	1,100	1,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,290	6,860	6,430	675	335	340
Education	1,170	270	900	95	15	75
13. Education	1,165	270	900	95	20	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	530	235	290	55	30	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	55	10	15	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	465	185	280	40	20	20
Humanities	725	205	515	60	20	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	25	10	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	175	15	160	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	80	145	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	60	70	0	0	0
54. History	110	35	75	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,845	410	1,440	190	45	145
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	80	90	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	590	30	565	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	325	70	260	40	0	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	0	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	230	45	190	30	0	25
45. Social sciences	460	175	290	80	35	45
Business, management and public administration	3,305	870	2,440	245	50	190
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	35	270	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,995	835	2,165	220	50	170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	730	450	280	50	40	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	225	75	150	25	25	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	50	45	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	225	180	40	10	10	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	185	145	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	410	210	195	35	35	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	290	165	125	20	15	10
25. Library science	30	10	30	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	35	40	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,225	5,680	540	415	385	30
04. Architecture and related services	120	85	35	20	10	15
14. Engineering	1,035	830	205	55	50	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,535	1,330	205	110	105	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,435	1,420	10	50	50	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,485	1,440	45	95	95	0
48. Precision production	625	580	45	85	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	770	525	245	50	30	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	540	375	170	30	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	155	75	20	10	10
Health and related fields	3,395	420	2,975	190	25	170
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	355	185	175	15	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	3,030	230	2,800	175	20	155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,845	820	1,025	120	90	30
12. Personal and culinary services	945	145	795	20	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	530	320	210	75	60	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	360	340	10	20	20	0
Other	15	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55,970	27,690	28,275	3,250	1,635	1,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,965	12,890	13,075	1,380	680	695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,005	14,800	15,200	1,875	955	925
Location of study inside Canada	27,895	13,700	14,200	1,720	885	835
Same as province or territory of residence	26,660	13,150	13,510	1,650	860	790
Different than province or territory of residence	1,235	550	690	75	25	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,110	1,105	1,005	155	70	85
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	530	270	260	60	20	45
Philippines	75	25	50	0	0	0
India	170	75	100	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	640	390	250	45	35	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	75	40	35	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other	615	305	305	50	10	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	34,255	16,955	17,300	2,195	1,100	1,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,295	6,860	6,430	680	340	340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20,965	10,095	10,870	1,520	765	750
Location of study inside Canada	19,710	9,500	10,210	1,400	715	685
Same as province or territory of residence	18,910	9,135	9,775	1,335	690	650
Different than province or territory of residence	800	365	440	60	20	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,255	590	660	115	50	65
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	375	180	190	50	15	35
Philippines	50	10	40	0	0	0
India	155	65	90	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	260	140	120	35	30	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	65	30	35	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	350	170	185	30	0	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	55,970	27,690	28,275	3,250	1,635	1,615
In the labour force	33,635	17,845	15,790	2,450	1,280	1,170
Employed	31,540	16,750	14,785	2,330	1,235	1,095
Unemployed	2,100	1,090	1,000	125	50	75
Not in the labour force	22,335	9,850	12,485	800	355	450
Participation rate	60.1	64.4	55.8	75.4	78.3	72.4
Employment rate	56.4	60.5	52.3	71.7	75.5	67.8
Unemployment rate	6.2	6.1	6.3	5.1	3.9	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	55,970	27,690	28,280	3,250	1,630	1,620
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	20,065	8,600	11,465	710	300	410
Worked	35,905	19,090	16,820	2,545	1,330	1,210
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	18,580	11,135	7,450	1,510	900	610
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	17,320	7,960	9,365	1,030	430	605
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.6	42.1	44.4	45.5	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	33,635	17,845	15,785	2,450	1,280	1,165
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	385	175	205	20	10	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	33,250	17,670	15,580	2,430	1,275	1,160
Employee	27,820	14,395	13,425	2,215	1,150	1,070
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,430	3,275	2,150	215	120	95
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	33,635	17,845	15,785	2,450	1,285	1,170
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	385	175	205	15	10	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	33,250	17,675	15,580	2,435	1,270	1,160
0 Management occupations	4,140	2,710	1,430	320	215	105
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,880	835	3,050	430	110	320
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,890	1,465	430	225	165	65
3 Health occupations	2,195	260	1,935	130	25	105
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,055	830	2,225	310	90	215
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	740	275	460	60	20	40
6 Sales and service occupations	7,430	2,640	4,790	390	150	240
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,040	5,675	365	380	365	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,385	1,020	365	55	45	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,490	1,965	530	130	100	35
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	33,635	17,845	15,785	2,450	1,280	1,170
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	380	175	205	20	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	33,255	17,670	15,580	2,430	1,270	1,160
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,580	1,815	765	30	20	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	340	290	45	0	0	0
22 Utilities	4,530	3,470	1,060	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,280	2,890	390	175	150	30
31-33 Manufacturing	2,215	1,550	660	370	265	100
41 Wholesale trade	810	590	225	110	80	30
44-45 Retail trade	3,730	1,560	2,170	270	135	135
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	930	625	305	135	90	50
51 Information and cultural industries	390	195	200	65	45	25
52 Finance and insurance	655	155	500	125	50	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	425	205	220	15	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,255	670	585	160	90	70
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	880	410	470	100	50	50
61 Educational services	1,745	400	1,350	245	65	180
62 Health care and social assistance	3,635	355	3,275	230	40	185
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	605	255	345	40	25	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,355	775	1,580	105	30	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,555	770	785	85	35	50
91 Public administration	1,330	690	640	175	90	85
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	31,535	16,755	14,780	2,330	1,235	1,095
Worked at home	4,010	2,155	1,855	130	65	70
Worked outside Canada	55	30	20	10	10	10
No fixed workplace address	3,275	2,475	795	160	140	25
Worked at usual place	24,205	12,100	12,110	2,020	1,030	990
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	24,205	12,100	12,110	2,020	1,030	990
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,140	5,185	5,950	435	180	260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,965	4,065	2,905	985	505	480
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,000	2,805	3,200	580	330	250
Commute to a different province or territory	95	55	50	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	27,475	14,570	12,910	2,180	1,165	1,015
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,635	12,670	10,965	1,990	1,095	895
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,635	835	800	80	25	55
Public transit	185	105	80	20	10	10
Walked	1,640	700	940	80	20	60
Bicycle	170	120	50	10	0	0
Other method	215	145	75	15	15	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	27,475	14,570	12,910	2,185	1,170	1,015
Less than 15 minutes	10,695	4,815	5,875	410	185	230
15 to 29 minutes	8,525	4,710	3,810	875	465	410
30 to 44 minutes	5,095	2,945	2,150	560	295	265
45 to 59 minutes	1,725	1,060	665	170	105	70
60 minutes and over	1,440	1,040	400	165	120	45
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	27,480	14,570	12,910	2,185	1,165	1,015
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,280	1,695	585	150	120	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,290	4,465	1,830	400	295	110
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,295	3,980	3,310	705	325	375
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,620	1,815	3,800	395	155	240
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,295	700	1,595	210	80	135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,700	1,915	1,780	325	195	125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	36,895	19,550	17,340	2,565	1,340	1,220
Single responses	36,825	19,525	17,305	2,560	1,340	1,220
Official languages	36,285	19,240	17,045	2,560	1,340	1,220
English	36,200	19,225	16,975	2,545	1,340	1,205
French	85	10	70	15	0	15
Non-official languages	540	285	260	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	530	280	255	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	530	280	255	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	520	270	245	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	35	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	450	235	215	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	30	40	10	0	10
English and French	25	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	15	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	36,895	19,550	17,345	2,560	1,340	1,220
None	36,065	19,210	16,855	2,520	1,330	1,195
English	275	130	145	0	0	10
French	290	85	205	30	10	20
Non-official language	240	110	135	10	0	0
Aboriginal	60	10	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	185	100	90	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	65,940	32,770	33,170	4,140	2,140	1,995
Non-movers	59,150	29,435	29,715	3,750	1,945	1,810
Movers	6,785	3,330	3,455	390	200	190
Non-migrants	3,020	1,465	1,555	140	60	75
Migrants	3,765	1,860	1,905	250	135	115
Internal migrants	3,590	1,780	1,805	250	135	115
Intraprovincial migrants	3,315	1,650	1,665	230	125	110
Interprovincial migrants	275	130	145	10	10	0
External migrants	180	85	100	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	62,935	31,305	31,630	3,890	2,025	1,865
Non-movers	44,075	22,125	21,950	2,640	1,340	1,300
Movers	18,860	9,180	9,680	1,245	685	565
Non-migrants	8,245	4,045	4,200	450	235	215
Migrants	10,615	5,130	5,480	800	455	345
Internal migrants	10,205	4,930	5,275	790	450	340
Intraprovincial migrants	9,720	4,700	5,025	745	425	315
Interprovincial migrants	485	235	250	45	20	25
External migrants	410	200	210	10	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Bruce, CTY [Census division], Ontario and Ayr [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruce, County [Census division], Ontario and Ayr [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Bruce, County [Census division], Ontario and Ayr [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Bruce, County [Census division], Ontario and Ayr [Population centre], Ontario